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Journal articles on the topic 'Cultural policy – European communities'
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1
Zvezdova, Olesia. "Popularization of European Values as a Task of the European Union Cultural Policy in Ukraine." European Historical Studies, no. 15 (2020): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2020.15.3.
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This article deals with the main features of European values and their importance for the process of common European identity forming. The essence and main functions of the EU cultural policy, its peculiarities are formulated. The author describes the place of European values among the basic principles of the cultural policy of the European Union. According to sociological polls, these values are close to Ukrainian society but do not associate with the European Union as a single community and do not contribute to the formation of European identity. The main functions of the EU’s cultural policy are promotion and dissemination of European values through cultural events, grants and tourism. Approaches to common European values defining are analyzed, their degrees are structured. The author identifies the following basic European values: fundamental rights, including rights of communities and families; equality of all members of society, including minorities and regardless of gender; pluralism of thoughts; justice; self-realization; responsibility; unity; peace; respect for human life; democracy; legality; freedom of personality (freedom of expression, freedom of speech, freedom of the media); tolerance; solidarity; respect for human dignity; religion. The main differences between the European values and the common Western ones are emphasized. The main ways of raising awareness and mechanisms for promoting European values among the Ukrainian population are summarized. But the formation of a new value system is impossible without the participation of the state and its institutions. It is concluded that the formation of a new value system will have a consolidating effect on the Ukrainian people. Therefore, the promotion of European values should become not only a task for EU cultural policy, but also a top priority for the Ukrainian authorities.
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Dergachev, V. O. "EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF REGIONAL POLICY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE." Economic innovations 19, no. 3(65) (December 19, 2017): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.3(65).56-66.
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In Europe over the past decades, the processes of regionalization are actively occurring - the redistribution of the state's power competencies to a supranational or subnational (regional) level. The problems of competitiveness of the regions come to the fore, the increase of which is possible when using not only economic, but also local historical, sociocultural, ecological and other features. "New regionalism" differs from traditional development in conditions of multipolarity of the world, openness, formation "from below", participation of non-state and subnational actors. The new regionalism is a triple regionalism that takes into account not only the economic, but also the socio-cultural and environmental aspects. The advantage in competitiveness is given to regions and territorial communities, where local socio-cultural communications are taken into account most of all. The new European regionalism does not mean abandoning the nation state, but increasing the efficiency of regional development at the expense of human energy. As you know, Western Europe has limited energy and other resources. Therefore, in the global competition, the European Union, from the beginning of its formation, relied on the effective use of human resources. Its potential is significantly increased if a local comfortable environment is created that takes into account the sociocultural features of the territorial communities. Turning to the analogy, this means, for example, for Ukraine, that the people of Galicia do not feel discomfort in their sociocultural environment, and the inhabitants of the Donbass or Chernigov region in their own. Unlike the countries of Central and Eastern Europe that carried out administrative reforms during the period of geopolitical and geo-economic transformation, Ukraine could not realize it in a quarter of a century of independence. A decade ago, the American model of enlarged territorial units was taken as the basis of the territorial administrative reform, now the Polish model dominates in the absence of the state's financial capacity to reform, but with the participation of local businesses in the formation of territorial communities. As a result, the fundamental goal of the reform in improving the manageability of the territories is violated, which is a threat to the Ukrainian statehood.
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Shumilin, Alexander. "SHIITE COMMUNITIES IN EUROPE: MODERATES VS. RADICALS. PART 2." Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 28, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran42022143151.
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In the second part of the article, under the above title, the author examines the role and place of the Shiite communities in Iran’s policy towards the European direction. Unlike the Middle East region, in relation to which Tehran’s policy is dominated by religious and military-strategic attitudes, the approach to the EU countries is dominated primarily by trade and economic interest, combined with the vision of the EU as a partner in interaction with Western countries in the face of ongoing confrontation with the United States. This perception of the EU by Tehran is especially noticeable in the context of the preparation and negotiation of a renewed «nuclear deal», where the Europeans clearly act as an intermediary between Iran and the United States. Under these conditions, without the loyalty and activity of the Shiite communities in the countries of the Old World, the Tehran authorities can hardly count on the success of their policy in the European direction. This can only be achieved by promoting an attractive image of Iran in these communities, the majority of which are from this country. Many of them continue to have a negative attitude towards the ayatollah regime, from which either they themselves or their parents fled to Europe in recent decades. Therefore, in relation to the Shiite communities, the authorities of the Islamic Republic are trying to use all the tools of «soft power», but with an emphasis on the factor of their radicalization, which is designed to «alienate» the Shiites there from the cultural space of Europe and «bring» them as close as possible to that of Iran.
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Webb, Meredith. "Signed, Sealed, Delivered: An Analysis of the Communication Tactics Used in the Development of the European Union’s Ban on Seal Products." Carleton Perspectives on Public Policy 6 (July 5, 2020): 86–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/cpopp.v6i0.2725.
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This article examines how various stakeholders, including national governments, animal welfare organizations, and Indigenous groups, employed different communication tactics and methods to advocate for their positions regarding Regulation 1007/2009. Deconstructing the European Union’s ban on seal products and how it came into effect provides clarity on these communication tactics and their impact on the policy. This analysis focuses on the economic and cultural consequences of the ban in the Inuit Nunangat, and how Inuit communities have created responsive communication strategies to articulate their perspectives. The European Parliament ultimately limited its focus to animal rights and welfare, neglecting to sufficiently consider the evidence-based and scientific reporting provided by the European Commission, Norway, Canada, and Inuit communities.
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Merciu, Florentina-Cristina, George-Laurenţiu Merciu, and Loreta Cercleux. "Quantification of the Sustainable use of the Cultural Heritage in the Central Area of the Municipality of Ploieşti using the Cobachrem Model." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 27, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2021-0032.
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Abstract Making connections between the localization of cultural heritage elements and local and regional policies for the benefit of communities, at different scales, has been one of the constant concerns of researchers and policy makers. The purpose of this study is to highlight the effects generated by cultural policy at the local, regional and central level, through investments allocated to cultural heritage in the central area of Ploieşti. The local policy aimed at building a more attractive image of Ploieşti through the renovation of the most important cultural institutions, benefiting from the funds allocated by the administration at regional and central level and European funds. The analysis of the effects produced by the investments related to the historical monuments from the central area of Ploieşti municipality was carried out through the Community-Based Cultural Heritage Resources Management (COBACHREM) model.
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Franck, Christian. "La prise de décision belge en politique extérieure : cohésion, tensions, controle et influences." Res Publica 29, no. 1 (March 31, 1987): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v29i1.18960.
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Besides classical issues of parliamentary control and pressure groups' influence, coordination between ministers and administrations involved in foreign policy making and harmonization of national foreign policy with external cultural relations led by the french, flemish and german Communities are the major problems belgian foreign policy making has to cope with.Divergences on options or heterogeneity of functional missions (Finance and Third World Cooperation e.g.) require arbitration and cooperative procedures provided by foreign affairs ministerial comitee at the governmental level. Competition for leading role and confrontation of functional paradigms foster «bureaucratic politics» between services. European affairs constitues a major issue for bureaucratic coordination.Attribution to the Communities of assessment power to cultural agreements and reservation to national government of the treaty making power let arise a kind of illogism and a conflict of competences that pragmatic concertation tends to get round.As to parliamentary control, it consists in a greater influence of majority's deputies than in an effective opposition's countervailing power to amend coalition foreign policy. So play pressure groups a role in influencing bilateral much more than multilateral affairs.
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Wivell, Judy, and Diane Mara. "‘Without my faith I would break into pieces.’ Supporting elder family members: Implications for social work policy and practice." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 22, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol22iss2id196.
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This collaborative project records the voices of family/whanau members most closely involved with the responsibility for support of elder parents or family members. Members of the research team are from two different cultural backgrounds and have worked within and across both cultural paradigms investigating Pakeha/European and Pasifika family/fanau structures. The small-scale study sought to identify patterns of similarity and difference in approaches to family decision-making, how families access appropriate social services, and what changes occur in family dynamics as they respond to elder family members’ needs. This research has required engagement with members of diverse communities about an often invisible aspect of family life in Aotearoa New Zealand. The support of elders by adult children is expected to become more prevalent across communities with the aging of the population and the widening cultural diversity of families. Key themes emerging from the participants’ reported experiences have the potential to inform social service practice and social policy and these are highlighted.
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Suleymanova, Olesya A. "Tenth Scientific Conference “Anthropology. Folklore Studies. Sociolinguistics” at the European University in Saint Petersburg." Transaction Kola Science Centre 13, no. 2-2022 (July 1, 2022): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2022.2.13.22.012.
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The publication is dedicated to the anniversary conference of young scientists “Anthropology. Folklore. Sociolinguistics”, which is held annually by the Department of Anthropology of the European University in St. Petersburg. Traditionally, the conference discusses a wide range of issues related to such areas of scientific knowledge as cultural anthropology (ritual and everyday life, ethnic processes, semiotics of things, confessional communities), folklore (classical and modern folklore) and sociolinguistics (language policy, social dialects and registers).
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Anisimov, Igor Olegovich, and Elena Evgen'evna Gulyaeva. "The legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of language policy and international law." Международное право, no. 2 (February 2022): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2644-5514.2022.2.37681.
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The subject of the study is the norms of the national law of the Russian Federation on the protection and preservation of languages, as well as the norms and principles of international law in this area. The object of the research of this article is the relations in the field of legal regulation of the protection and preservation of the languages of indigenous peoples and local communities. Based on comparative legal, formal legal and systematic research methods, the article presents an analysis of the legal foundations of language policy in Russia, as well as the provisions of international legal acts in the field of the protection of the languages of indigenous peoples and local communities, namely: the Declaration of Principles of International Cultural Cooperation of 1966, the UN Declaration on the Principles of International Law of 1970., The European Convention on Human Rights of 1950, the European Charter of Regional or National Minority Languages of 1992, as well as PACE resolutions and recommendations. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of the modern legal foundations of language policy in Russia. In the article, the authors consider in detail the concepts of "national minorities" and "cultural values" in accordance with the national legislation of the Russian Federation and international legal acts. The authors come to the conclusion that the Russian historical experience and modern practice of preserving the languages of national minorities, as well as the legal mechanism for the protection of languages provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and other normative legal acts, in many ways surpasses the mechanism provided for by the European Charter. Thus, the exclusion of Russia from the Council of Europe will not negatively affect their protection and preservation within our state.
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Memon, Junaid Alam. "Floor Brouwer (ed.) Sustaining Agriculture and the Rural Environment: Governance, Policy and Multifunctionality. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. 2004 (Reprinted 2016). Xi+360 pages. U.K. £98.10 (Hardback)." Pakistan Development Review 56, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v56i3pp.291-293.
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The edited book, “Sustaining Agriculture and the Rural Environment”, is largely a European contribution to the Ecological Economics. It provides a useful review of ‘multifunctionality’ as the central attribute of the European Model of Agriculture (EMA) and its applied value to other developing countries. Brouwer introduces the book (in Chapter 1) with a premise that jointly with food and fibre, the European farmers also produce ‘public goods’ such as landscapes and biodiversity management, cultural heritage, and viable rural communities. He warms up the reader to digest what follows in the book with a quick overview of the market for these positive externalities and strategies for their continuous supply in the European Union’s Common Agriculture Policy. This paves the way for rest of the book, which is organised into four parts and seventeen chapters.
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Shillinger, Sarah. "Community Versus Assimilation: A Study in American Assimilation at Saint Joseph's Indian Industrial School." Ethnic Studies Review 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.1997.20.1.11.
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No govemment policy has had more of an impact on American Indians than the boarding school movement of the early to mid-twentieth century. This movement isolated American Indian children from their homes and communities and attempted to assimilate them into European-American society. This article studies the effects of this policy on children at the Saint Joseph's Indian Industrial School in Wisconsin. It uses oral history to recapture the voices and experiences of teachers and students. The use of oral history allows a comprehensive understanding of the cultural, social and academic atmosphere of the school.
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Rekosh, K. Kh. "LANGUAGE POLICY IN EUROPE - BABYLON OF THE XXI CENTURY." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 3(36) (June 28, 2014): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-3-36-224-231.
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In recent decades, much has been written about the dialogue of cultures and differences between them manifested by languages, which are the objects of interdisciplinary research. However, the active role of multiplicity of languages and their interaction in particular with the relevant areas of knowledge do not always attract the proper attention. Along with many languages, Europe seeks to move away from monolingualism in favor of multilingualism, recognizing that it is promising, so political actors support it. The principles of multilingualism have been adopted in the international (European) and national levels and formalized in terms of plurilingualism and multilingualism. The plurilingualism is the use of multiple languages by one and the same person. It is an integral part of cultural diversity and respect, a necessary condition for human development as a professional and as a person. The multilingualism is denoted by a policy of equality of languages in the community. The European Union is a multilinguistic organization. Language policy of the European Union has been defined since the establishment of the communities, it was different from the language policies of other international organizations and was based on the principle of cultural and linguistic diversity (although the term multilingualism was not used) with the aim of ensuring access to information and justice for all EU citizens in all official EU languages. Held in Europe language policy led to the institutionalization of the concept of multilingualism, particularly by the European union, which could serve to the development of linguistic law. The EU language policy is linked with the objectives of the integration law which makes it different from the plurilingualism. It acts as an instrument for intercultural dialogue and social cohesion, as a guarantee of prosperity and employment opportunities. At the same time it generates a lot of linguo-legal problems concerning different statuses of languages; EU official languages, working, state, regional, national languages, as well as minorities and migrants languages.
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Knieć, Wojciech, and Wojciech Goszczyński. "Local Horizons of Governance. Social Conditions for Good Governance in Rural Development in Poland." European Countryside 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/euco-2022-0002.
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Abstract The last thirty years have radically changed the nature of local resource management in rural communities throughout Poland (as well as in some other Central and Eastern European countries). New metamorphosis, policy, and funding mechanisms related to Poland’s political transformation and accession to the European Union have radically changed the character of institutions and tools available in rural development. Local communities have evolved along with improved education levels, decline in agricultural employment rates, and increased migrations to cities and Western Europe. This article presents the social conditions for the good governance processes in a selected region of Poland. Based on their extended quantitative and qualitative research, the authors discuss a number of phenomena such as the low effectiveness of collective actions, dense networks of informal relations, and the lack of trust in public service institutions despite the deregulation of certain powers. The ethnographic study reveals that while their overall picture may seem quite uniform, local rural communities in Poland tend to differ depending on the economic structure, history, and cultural identity of their inhabitants. Finally, the article analyses difficulties in the implementation of the good governance mechanisms within the country’s local rural communities.
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Lewis, Lydia. "Introduction: Mental Health and Human Rights: Social Policy and Sociological Perspectives." Social Policy and Society 8, no. 2 (April 2009): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746408004739.
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Recognition of the effects of social, economic, political and cultural conditions on mental health and the personal, social and economic costs of a growing global mental health crisis (WHO, 2001; EC, 2005) mean that mental health and well-being are a current feature of social policy agendas at UK, European and world levels, with debate increasingly becoming framed in human rights terms. In the UK, policy drives to address social exclusion and health inequalities as key social and economic rights issues have encompassed attention to mental health and distress (DoH, 2003; Social Exclusion Unit, 2004) and mental health has been identified as a priority area for the new Equality and Human Rights Commission (Diamond, 2007; DRC, 2007). At the European level too, rights-based social policy approaches to promoting social cohesion (European Committee for Social Cohesion, 2004) and policy directives on the ‘right to health’ (Commission of the European Communities, 2007) have been centrally concerned with mental health and well-being, and have been accompanied by a European strategy on mental health for the EU (EC, 2005). At a global level, the World Health Organisation has declared enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health to be a fundamental human right (WHO, 2006). It has launched a new appeal on mental health which draws attention to the impact of human rights violations and cites social isolation, poor quality of life, stigma and discrimination as central issues for those with mental health needs (Dhanda and Narayan, 2007; Horton, 2007; WHO, 2007).
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Шамиль Равильевич, Кашаф. ""CURRING" EROSION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY: MUSLIM IMMIGRATION AS A CHALLENGE TO EUROPEAN INTEGRATION POLICY." STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT SCHOLAR NOTES 4, no. 4 (December 2021): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2079-1690-2021-1-4-184-192.
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The article discusses specific features of the influence of the globalisation process and the migration movements from Muslim regions to the Western countries on the disintegration of the civil (political) community. This process has developed at the time of spiritual crisis and further disintegration of the European Community. With the advent of globalisation, increased racial, ethnic and religious identities have become even more important within the framework of political self-identification of individuals with a certain political community as a political nation. At the same time, the "We Discourse" of Muslim minorities in Europe becomes more intense in the identity space of European post-secular society. The Islamic people articulate this fact through their multiple identities. An integral component in the self-identification of Islamic intellectuals becomes their historical and cultural narrative, which often takes the form of an "identity battle". The national identity as considered by the democratic countries (no longer ethnically and culturally homogeneous) ceases to be a crucial resource for the development of the nation-state. It experiences the often negative pressure from external influences. This fact makes actual the need for "political actors" to pursue an identity policy that can strengthen the civil unity in society. It is obvious that the old European models of relationship construction between the population groups, which constitute historical majorities with the minority communities of Muslim identity are no longer effective. The lack of dialogue and socio-political integration of Muslim migrants into the "host community" can lead to even more serious civilisational alienation of foreign cultural and foreign religious elements.
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Salminen, Mirva, and Kamrul Hossain. "Digitalisation and human security dimensions in cybersecurity: an appraisal for the European High North." Polar Record 54, no. 2 (March 2018): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247418000268.
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ABSTRACTOverarching digitalisation is producing significant socio-cultural, economic and policy changes in the European High North. These changes create new opportunities, but also challenges and concerns for people and communities living in the region. Digital development is guided by supranational, national and regional digital policies and is secured through national cybersecurity agendas. These frameworks concentrate on advancing overall economic growth and safeguarding critical information infrastructure and information security, but pay inadequate attention to the interests, needs and fears of people and communities experiencing digitalisation in everyday life. In order to generate a more comprehensive cybersecurity agenda, which focuses on human security and empowering people to influence the digital development, a research framework highlighting the actual ways people use, wish to use, or are unable to use information and communication technologies is needed. The focus of this article is therefore on regionally contextualised digital opportunities and threats as they may be experienced by local people and communities. It utilises insights of securitisation theory to grant people a say in the direction of digital development in their region. The aim is to introduce issues of human security to cybersecurity agendas, for a more comprehensive understanding of the societal changes that digitalisation generates.
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Cerreta, Maria, Gaia Daldanise, Ludovica La Rocca, and Simona Panaro. "Triggering Active Communities for Cultural Creative Cities: The “Hack the City” Play ReCH Mission in the Salerno Historic Centre (Italy)." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 11877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111877.
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According to the current European scenario, cultural, creative, and community-led policies play an increasingly important role in influencing local resources, systems, and infrastructures management and demand a novel approach in governing, financing, and monitoring urban regeneration processes. Therefore, cities become contexts where cultural and creative practices can be implemented, integrating social cohesion principles based on communities, shared values, and collaborative decision-making approaches, with particular attention to enhancing cultural heritage, mainly unused or underutilised. The purpose of this research is to explore how the Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor (CCCM) methodological framework, developed by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, can be integrated at the local scale to assess the impacts of urban regeneration processes in an interactive and dynamic way, through the data emerging from the monitoring of urban regeneration experiences activated with the communities. The paper describes the “Play ReCH (Re-use Cultural Heritage)” approach, that promotes a process of collaboration, gamification, and innovation in cultural heritage reuse, as an opportunity to test how cultural, creative, and community-led urban strategies can support the enhancement of heritage generating enabling environments and culturally vibrant contexts. The Play ReCH approach and the “Hack the City Salerno” mission, activated in the Salerno historic centre (Italy), open the reflection on some relevant issues related to how citizens become makers of cultural and creative cities’ policies, and contribute to evaluating and monitoring their implementation at diverse urban scales. The Play ReCH mission underlines how new evidence suggests declining the CCCM conceptual framework and related urban policies assessment, co-defining suitable community-based indicators.
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Baptista, Carla, and Marisa Torres da Silva. "Media diversity in Portugal: political framework and current challenges." Media & Jornalismo 17, no. 31 (November 16, 2017): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-5462_31_1.
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This article addresses the current “state of the art” in Portuguese media diversity policy, focusing on the social inclusiveness domain within public service media. The indicators assess regulatory and policy safeguards for community media, access to media by minorities, local and regional communities, women and people with disabilities, as well as the country’s media literacy environment. Although the majority of these in dicators have legal safeguards or benefit from specific policies, we concluded there is still considerable work to be done, particularly in the realms of media literacy and the representation of minority groups and women in the media. This article results from an on-going research, gathering data and literature review from the following projects: Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) project, implemented by the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) at the European University Institute and funded by the European Commission; and DIVinTV - Public Television and Cultural Diversity in Portugal, funded by FCT.
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López-Martínez, Gabriel, and Pilar Espeso-Molinero. "Pesca artesanal, patrimonio cultural y educación social." Revista Murciana de Antropología, no. 27 (December 29, 2020): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/rmu.427471.
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En los últimos años, las comunidades europeas de pescadores han sufrido cambios estructurales importantes derivados de las distintas reformas de la Política de Pesca Común (PPC). Los instrumentos aplicados han provocado una transformación en este sector, afectando de manera significativa a las pequeñas poblaciones de pescadores. En este contexto, el estudio antropológico se presenta como una herramienta de gran valor para comprender las respuestas de individuos y comunidades a los nuevos retos. El presente trabajo, basado en información primaria y secundaria recogida en la Región de Murcia en la última década, explora algunas de estas respuestas. Los testimonios de los diferentes informantes muestran el debilitamiento de esta profesión como consecuencia de las herramientas políticas implementadas. La disminución del número de embarcaciones y de trabajadores independientes, unido a la falta de relevo generacional pone en riesgo el conocimiento tradicional de la pesca artesanal. Para reflexionar sobre el presente y el futuro de estas prácticas ancestrales, se exponen una serie de experiencias donde se presenta al pescador como intermediador o agente transmisor de conocimiento, vinculando el legado patrimonial a distintos sectores de la sociedad contemporánea. In recent years, European fishing communities have undergone major structural changes resulting from the different reforms of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). The instruments implemented have led to a transformation in this sector, affecting small fishing stocks. In this context, we present an anthropological study as a tool of great value to understand the responses of individuals and communities to new challenges. This work, based on primary and secondary information collected in the last decade in the Region of Murcia (Spain), explores some of these responses. The testimonies of the different informants show the weakening of this profession as a result of the political tools implemented. Decreasing number of boats and self-employed workers, coupled with a lack of generational replacement puts at risk traditional knowledge of artisanal fishing. To reflect on the present and future of these ancestral practices, a series of experiences are presented where the fisherman is revealed as an intermediator or transmitting agent of knowledge, linking the heritage legacy to different sectors of contemporary society.
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Aimar, Fabrizio, Francesca Cavagnino, and Marco Devecchi. "Conservation and Management of Agricultural Landscapes through Expert-Supported Participatory Processes: The “Declarations of Public Interest” in an Italian Province." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 19, 2022): 8843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148843.
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The adoption of the European Landscape Convention by the member states of the Council of Europe emphasized the importance of raising awareness of, promoting and educating local communities in, and fostering the activism of all European citizens in the process of transforming the European landscape. The work carried out by the Landscape Observatory for Montferrat and Astigiano was to raise awareness in local communities regarding landscape protection processes that those communities could steer, as required by the Code of the Cultural and Landscape Heritage of the Italian State (2004). Consequently, for the first time, a participatory model was established in the province of Asti and the Piedmont region in Italy to support the community-driven requests for a special protection decree for some targeted areas. In this paper, the process and novel multisource methodology used for the two pilot cases are reported, where the landscape values to be protected were identified through local community involvement. Supported by the Landscape Observatory and experts, the broad participation allowed their recognition of Public Interest. These recognitions are relevant because they rely on a shared perspective of populations for the self-management of their landscapes. They represent an operational model for other local communities in the Council of Europe countries.
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Hartman, Steven. "Into the Fray: A Call for Policy-engaged and Actionable Environmental Humanities." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 11, no. 2 (October 5, 2020): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2020.11.2.3547.
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As European countries strive to meet their targets in support of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals adopted by UN member states in 2015, the importance of integrating all knowledge communities in coordinated responses to sustainability challenges becomes an increasing priority. The creativity and depth of knowledge within philosophical, cultural, aesthetic and historical disciplines of the humanities has been underutilized in coordinated international assessment initiatives that aim to inform policy and facilitate solutions of sustainability governance. The Environmental Humanities (EH) is a field of growing significance internationally. While it can no longer be called an emerging field, EH still holds only the promise of bringing knowledge of social and cultural systems to coordinated international efforts to address the human dimensions of global environmental change. The significant knowledge and expertise on the human dimensions of environmental change available within the EH field should be regarded as an indispensable resource to policymakers and to those on the ground who work to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This essay makes a case for actionable, policy-engaged environmental humanities, an ambition that should certainly extend to the domain of the humanities more generally.
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Bouma, Gary D. "The role of demographic and socio-cultural factors in Australia’s successful multicultural society: How Australia is not Europe." Journal of Sociology 52, no. 4 (July 9, 2016): 759–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783315584210.
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Religious diversity and social cohesion have long been seen to be at odds with each other. Classical sociology, grounded in the Westphalian solution to religious conflict in Europe presumed that a single religion was necessary for social cohesion. The issue of religious diversity and social cohesion has come to the fore as once religiously monochrome societies have become diverse through migration and, to a lesser degree, conversion. While European nations question the possibility of multicultural and multi-faith societies living in productive harmony, Australia offers an example of a successful multicultural and multi-faith society. Australia has produced a multicultural society through a policy of social inclusion and mutual respect, in contrast to European policies which produce separate community development. This cross-national comparative study reveals demographic and socio-cultural differences that are likely to explain some of the comparative success of Australia in producing social inclusion and avoiding the ‘othering’ of religious minorities, especially of Muslims. Australia has a particular demographic that features multiple substantial minority religious communities living in ways that promote daily encounters among people of different backgrounds.
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Koutsi, Dionisia, and Anastasia Stratigea. "Sustainable and Resilient Management of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) in Remote Mediterranean Islands: A Methodological Framework." Heritage 4, no. 4 (October 15, 2021): 3469–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4040192.
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The impacts of mass tourism and COVID-19 crisis demonstrate the need for healthy, peaceful, and authentic recreation options, giving prominence to emerging destinations, such as remote Mediterranean islands. These, although endowed with exquisite land and underwater cultural heritage (UCH), are confronted with insularity drawbacks. However, the exceptional land and especially UCH, and the alternative tourism forms these can sustain, e.g., diving tourism, are highly acknowledged. The focus of this paper is on the power of participation and participatory planning in pursuing UCH preservation and sustainable management as a means for heritage-led local development in remote insular regions. Towards this end, the linkages between participation and (U)CH management from a policy perspective—i.e., the global and European policy scenery—and a conceptual one—cultural heritage cycle vs. planning cycle—are firstly explored. These, coupled with the potential offered by ICT-enabled participation, establish a framework for respective participatory cultural planning studies. This framework is validated in Leros Island, Greece, based on previous research conducted in this distinguishable insular territory and WWII battlefield scenery. The policy and conceptual considerations of this work, enriched by Leros evidence-based results, set the ground for featuring new, qualitative and extrovert, human-centric and heritage-led, developmental trails in remote insular communities.
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Cerreta, Maria, and Eleonora Giovene di Girasole. "Towards Heritage Community Assessment: Indicators Proposal for the Self-Evaluation in Faro Convention Network Process." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (November 25, 2020): 9862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239862.
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The Faro Convention introduces an innovative concept of cultural heritage by recognising the importance of the community that is formed around the cultural asset to be enhanced. This concept is consistent with the New European Agenda for Culture, especially the European Year Cultural Heritage (EYCH) Initiative 9 “Heritage for all: citizen participation and social innovation”, that promotes a broader understanding of heritage, placing people and communities at the centre and involving them in making decisions about heritage valorisation. The cultural heritage acquires the meaning of common good and has been configured as “cultural commons”, expression of values shared by the heritage community and of the process activated to enhance it. In this perspective, the paper presents a proposal for the integration of the evaluation process identified by the Faro Convention, explaining the appropriate indicators useful for analysing the specificity of the valorisation processes and making them comparable. The methodological proposal was tested for the experience of the Friends of Molo San Vincenzo Heritage Community, activated in Naples, Italy.
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Amara, Kifah. "THE ROLE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN ENHANCING STUDENTS’ INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE." Near East University Online Journal of Education 3, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32955/neuje.v3i1.177.
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This study emphasizes the critical role of foreign language teaching in enhancing students’ intercultural competence, as a means of expanding their future opportunities in an increasingly multicultural and diverse world. Foreign language classes may provide unique opportunities for delivering a plurilingual, multicultural setting utilizing the cultural elements in the course content and course materials as well as the personal experiences of the teacher in the classroom. To that end, more attention is needed to foreign language teacher preparation and training. As multiculturalism is a significant feature of European communities, this study sought to investigate and analyze the related policies, strategies and practices in Europe, since Paris declaration 2015, in order to determine actions have been taken to address those needs. This qualitative study is based on document analysis of the European Educational Policy documents released mainly by the European Commission and the Council of Europe. The results of the analysis showed that foreign language education has presented along with intercultural education in the vast majority of European educational policies as a dominant component within the context of integration and promote social cohesion, as well as increase competitiveness and employability. The study has implied a number of implications highlighted some potential gaps that may be diminish the effectiveness of these policies, pushing towards more empirical research on the influence of EU policies on national level actions.
Keywords: Foreign language Teaching, Intercultural competence, multilingual competence, plurilingual, multicultural setting, European documents, European Education Policy.
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Perga, T. "Australian Policy Regarding the Indigenous Population (End of the XIXth Century – the First Third of the XXth Century)." Problems of World History, no. 11 (March 26, 2020): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-11-3.
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An analysis of Australia’s governmental policy towards indigenous peoples has been done. The negative consequences of the colonization of the Australian continent have been revealed, in particular, a significant reduction in the number of aborigines due to the spread of alcohol and epidemics, the seizure of their territories. It is concluded that the colonization of Australia was based on the idea of the hierarchy of human society, the superiority and inferiority of different races and groups of people, and accordingly - the supremacy of European culture and civilization. It is demonstrated in the creation of reservations for aborigines and the adoption of legislation aimed at segregating the country's white and colored populations and assimilating certain indigenous peoples into European society, primarily children from mixed marriages. It has been proven that, considering the aborigines an endangered people and seeking to protect them from themselves, Europeans saw the way to their salvation in miscegenation - interracial marriages and the isolation of aboriginal children from their parents. This policy has been pursued since the end of the XIX century by the 1970s and had disrupted cultural and family ties and destroyed aboriginal communities, although government circles positioned it as a policy of caring for indigenous Australians. As a result, the generation of aborigines taken from their parents and raised in boarding schools or families of white Europeans has been dubbed the “lost generation”. The activity of A.O. Neville who for more than two decades held the position of chief defender of the aborigines in Western Australia and in fact became the ideologist of the aborigines’ assimilation policy has been analyzed. He substantiated the idea of the biological absorption of the indigenous Australian race as a key condition for its preservation and extremely harshly implemented the policy of separating Aboriginal children from their parents. It is concluded that the policy towards the indigenous population of Australia in the late XIX – first third of the XX century was based on the principle of discrimination on racial grounds.
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Scott, James Wesley, Filippo Celata, and Raffaella Coletti. "Bordering imaginaries and the everyday construction of the Mediterranean neighbourhood: Introduction to the special issue." European Urban and Regional Studies 26, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776418795208.
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This special issue of European Urban and Regional Studies maps out a move from a strictly geopolitical to more socio-political and socio-cultural interpretations of the European Union’s (EU’s) ‘Mediterranean neighbourhood’. In doing this, the authors propose a dialogic understanding of neighbourhood as a set of ideas and imaginaries that reflect not only top-down geopolitical imaginaries but also everyday images, representations and imaginations. The introduction briefly summarizes conceptualizations of ‘neighbourhood’ provided by the individual contributions that connect the realm of high politics with that of communities and individuals who are affected by and negotiate the EU’s Mediterranean borders. Specifically, three cases of socio-spatial imaginaries that exemplify patterns of differential inclusion of the ‘non-EU’ will be explored. The cases involve Italy–Tunisia cross-border relations, the EU’s post-‘Arab Spring’ engagement with civil society actors and the case of Northern Cyprus. The authors suggest that ‘neighbourhood’ can be conceptualized as a borderscape of interaction and agency that is politically framed in very general terms but that in detail is composed of many interlinked relational spaces. The European neighbourhood emerges as a patchwork of relations, socio-cultural encounters, confrontation and contestation, rather than merely as a cooperation policy or border regime.
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González-Cuerva, Rubén. "The Cloistered Ambassador: non-European Agents in the Convents of Madrid (1585-1701)." Culture & History Digital Journal 11, no. 1 (June 21, 2022): e007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2022.007.
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In line with its medieval predecessors, the Habsburg court had no particular problem in receiving representatives from outside the Christendom’s framework. Until 1580 these usually included Maghrebi envoys with an ambiguous status and without a notable diplomatic presence. Subsequently, the aggregation of the crown of Portugal to the Spanish Monarchy and the ceremonial standardization that gradually took place led, on the one hand, to the arrival of African and Asian agents of a different profile, with whom there was less familiarity, and on the other, to an attempt to assign them to the existing diplomatic categories. Among the numerous problems of Madrid as a reception centre for “exotic embassies,” we will look at the use of the city’s monasteries as accommodation for some of these agents and their entourage. Instead of being offered houses, these individuals were left in a provisional situation in accordance with their dubious diplomatic status, a policy that triggered problems of public order and decorum because of their difficult coexistence with the monastic communities. These and other monasteries played a further role as places of sociability and exchange for people who were not accustomed to such institutions. This will provide a glimpse into the complementarity between palaces and monasteries in a strongly confessionalised court and, paradoxically, into a kind of ceremonial flexibility that bordered on tolerance.
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Romão, João, João Guerreiro, and Paulo M. M. Rodrigues. "Territory and Sustainable Tourism Development: a Space-Time Analysis on European Regions." REGION 4, no. 3 (July 24, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18335/region.v4i3.142.
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In the long run, tourism competitiveness depends on the sustainable use of territorial assets: the differentiation of destinations depends on the integration of cultural and natural resources into the tourism supply, but also on their preservation over time. The link between competitiveness and sustainability is the staring point for our analysis of the relationships between regional tourism competitiveness, the dynamics of tourism demand and investment and the existence of natural resources and cultural assets in European regions, by using advanced spatial econometric techniques. Despite the close relationship between tourism activities and the characteristics of the territory, the application of methods of spatial analysis methods in tourism studies is still scarce and the results of this work clearly show their potential for this field of research. Among the main findings of this paper, it was observed that natural resources do not have the expected positive impacts on regional tourism competitiveness and that European regions with more abundant natural resources are often developing unsustainable forms of mass tourism, with low value added and scarce benefits for the host communities. The existence of spatial correlation effects suggests that positive spillovers arising from tourism dynamics in neighbourhood regions prevail over potential negative effects related to the competition between destinations. Policy and managerial implications of these results are discussed and further research questions are suggested.
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Panchenko, Valentyna, and Daryna Zhyvohliadova. "Modern Practices of the Cultural Resources Exchange: the International Network Structures Experience." NaUKMA Research Papers. History and Theory of Culture 4 (June 15, 2021): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/2617-8907.2021.4.28-34.
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Globalization processes stimulate the search for new principles of organization of a multicultural environment, optimization of dialogue of its subjects, and the search for new organizational structures of cooperation that would meet the qualitatively new challenges of international coexistence in a post-industrial society. In order to effectively reconcile interests and support the sustainable development of a common world, the multiplicity of actors and forms of intercultural interaction in modern realities requires the ability to direct intercultural cooperation to reorganize the system of transnational cultural practices. International cooperation is becoming a space and a way to promote the sustainable development of solidarity, interdependent communities, creating the most complex system of joint action, led by global international institutions and network structures.The network form of organization of interaction in the field of culture provides cooperation with more varied opportunities for the formation of common resources (tangible and intangible), optimizes the entire system of coordination of their mutual influence on cultural policy and social change. A classic example of a successful and thoughtful organization of network cooperation is the functioning of the European network on cultural management and policy (ENCATC). The network promotes the development and implementation of new key competencies in the field of cultural policy, cultural and creative industries at both local and global levels of the world community. ENCATC expands the resources of cultural management by finding new modern forms and mechanisms for synchronizing knowledge and actions, the synergy of local project experiences, and other forms of activity not only in the field of culture but also in the socio-political, economic spaces of cooperation.
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Pappas, Georgios. "QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS." Continuing Professional Education: Theory and Practice, no. 1 (2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2020.1.13.
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The internationalization of the market coincided with the opening of state borders for the benefit of free movement of capital, goods, labor, services and information. With the dominance of the ideological realm of economic pragmatism, educational discourse is overwhelmed and dominated by conceptual loans from the business world: choice, competition, efficiency, speech, management, productivity, consumer. Thus, a successful criterion of international economic competition emerges as a key quality criterion. The Communication from the Commission of the European Communities (2008) on an updated strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training raises the need for upgrading the skills of the population and the need to implement skills development policies that better respond to current and future needs of the labor market. However, the entrepreneurial spirit promoted at all levels of education and training rather establishes a more modern surveillance mechanism by establishing a cultural arbitrary accord with the market economy (Foucault, 2005). Consequently, it is necessary to find an alternative way of teaching that welcomes the questioning and manifestation of both the genetic cause and the prospects behind the formal education policy.
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Viola, Serena. "Built Heritage Repurposing and Communities Engagement: Symbiosis, Enabling Processes, Key Challenges." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 2320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042320.
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The paper debates the results achieved in the Sanità district of Naples within the funded research project Play_ACT by the Department of Architecture, University of Naples Federico II. The research investigates community engagement processes in built heritage design for repurposing. Based on a mixed deductive and inductive approach, this paper frames the built heritage in the following ways: (a) a record of historical development and way of life, a linking capital between community and context; (b) the enabler of community engagement, representative of creative skills and work of humankind; and (c) a driving force for growth. The paper analyses several community-driven repurposing practices experienced within European programs. Supported by the ISO 37104: 2019 and UNI 11151-1: 2005 standards, the paper focuses on the replicability of community engagement in built heritage repurposing processes, outlining the commonalities in terms of strategies, actions, and actors involved in: (1) discovery; (2) negotiation; and (3) sharing. Focusing on the Sanità district of Naples, the research experiences the sustainability of community-led repurposing, observing long-lasting spillover effects on the physical, economic, cultural, and social subsystems. Finally, with the support of a heritage case study, Cristallini 73, future key challenges for a durable and inclusive community engagement are outlined: A activation of collaborative networks; B promotion of inclusive dynamics of long-life learning; and C creation of cultural and creative industries.
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Chernikina, A. N. "The problem of the politicization of ethnic communities in the Flemish region of Belgium." Post-Soviet Issues 6, no. 1 (April 11, 2019): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2019-6-1-92-100.
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This article seeks to trace the reasons for the emergence of separatist sentiments in the European Union states, particularly in Belgium. The article gives its brief assessment of the current state of the issue mentioned and undertakes an analysis of the situation pertaining the Flemish region. Significant attention is being given to the consideration of the economic reasons for the existing disparities and positions of the major nationalistic parties of the region of Flanders. Ethnic and cultural factors continue to play a significant role in the political life of modern European states and often become a major point of contention. The author notes that ethno-political conflicts are quite common, but almost insoluble problems. The origins of such conflicts are usually grounded firmly in the history of resettlement and development of a particular nation or an ethnic group. Besides, they reflect the processes of the restructuring of the global political space and are typically accompanied by political and national self-identification crises. It is equally important to understand the importance of certain historic periods to a nation, inhabiting the specific territory of a state.In the case of Belgium, the period of its formation, and the developments, contributing to the country’s independence in the 19th century, are directly related to the Flemish people’s national memory — a key factor needed to determine the specifics of the existing differences between the two regions. Over the centuries, one ethnic group has been suppressed by the neighboring one. It couldn’t not fully fulfil its cultural and economic potential.The change of the status of the Flemings in Belgium in the 20th century, the equalization of both nations in their rights have failed to resolve all the contradictions existing for centuries. The traditional Flemish desire to promote and protect the region’s interests has generated separatist sentiments, which still make up a significant part of the country’s domestic political agenda. However, owing to the fragmentation of the nationalist groups and the lack of coherent policy among them, it is currently impossible to make a statement on the region’s secession.
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Menconi, Maria, Sara Artemi, Piero Borghi, and David Grohmann. "Role of Local Action Groups in Improving the Sense of Belonging of Local Communities with Their Territories." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 4681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124681.
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The perception of the landscape by the population is one of the themes introduced by the European Landscape Convention. Perception is the key to the integration between human and territorial activities, and between economic development and sustainability. Local Action Groups (LAGs) are groups with territorial boundaries, established by the European Common Agricultural Policy for implementing local development strategies by awarding grants to local projects. The aim of this work is the development of a method for evaluating the ability of the LAGs to enhance the sense of belonging of the population with their territories. The developed method includes identification of those natural, agricultural, historical, and cultural resources for which people feel a sense of belonging, and evaluation of the same through a comprehensive multivariate statistical analysis. This paper reports the results of the statistical analysis of the rankings of local landscapes made by 330 residents of an Italian LAG on the basis of their sense of belonging with them. People showed that the community of the studied LAG does not recognize itself in the typical crops of the entire area, and the attachment to minor historical centres scattered in the territory remains the prerogative of the individual municipalities. The results of this method could be used as a performance indicator for a local plan, in respect to the creation of a shared perception of the local area.
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Shabbir, Ghulam, Azmat Ullah, and Khizar Jawad. "HINDU-MUSLIM RELATIONS AND BRITISH POLITICS: THE EMERGENCE OF POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IN SOUTH ASIA." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 03, no. 03 (September 30, 2021): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v3i3.270.
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This research paper presents the historical background of Hindu-Muslim relations from their early period to the arrival of Europeans. It's an apotheosis of the social, cultural, and religious relations of the two communities, which from centuries living together and finally decided to partings of the ways. It also manifests the acme of Hindu-Muslim cooperation before the arrival of the western forces in India; especially the British. It is a brief analysis of the two prominent communities of India, the Hindu, and the Muslims. Further, it also emphasized on the factors which led these both communities towards the detestable environment. Which later became the prime reason for the Hindu-Muslim communalism and both nations living on together for hundreds of years were ready to part their ways. In this bitterness, the role of the British policy 'divide and rule' is also highlighted. Key Words: Hindu-Muslim Relations, Muslim Invaders in India, British Policy of Divide and Rule, Modern Education.
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Dantas, Carina, Willeke Van Staalduinen, Maddalena Illario, and Luiza Spiru. "Smart and inclusive environments for all - SHAFE explained." Technium Social Sciences Journal 25 (November 9, 2021): 630–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v25i1.4844.
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The meaning and notion of Smart Healthy Age-Friendly Environments (SHAFE) as a holistic approach that promotes the alignment of policies and strategies across domains is a unique roadmap for the implementation of inclusive communities in and across Europe, improving and supporting independent life throughout its entire course, regardless of age, gender, disabilities, cultural differences and personal choices. When we acknowledge the serious challenges especially those related to demographic change and the COVID-19 pandemic, it is not possible anymore to still work in silos or to keep positions for individual interest. Before any other role, we all are citizens and we have a duty as researchers, academics, policy makers, practitioners, industry and business to work together for a better world. In this paper, the SHAFE concept is explained and an overview of running initiatives is presented. Also the alignment within current policy initiatives of the European Commission is explored and the recognition of SHAFE implemented through NET4Age-Friendly addressed.
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Pundziuvienė, Daiva, Jurgita Cvilikaitė-Mačiulskienė, Jūratė Matulionienė, and Smiltė Matulionytė. "The Role of Languages and Cultures in the Integration Process of Migrant and Local Communities." Sustainable Multilingualism 16, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sm-2020-0006.
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SummaryThere is no denying that fact that migration is a sensitive economic, political and social issue, which European institutions together with researchers and policy makers have been working on trying to create the cohesion between migrant and host communities. It has been widely recognized that attitudes towards migrants tend to be more positive when migrants have an opportunity to reveal their linguistic and cultural diversity to non-migrants. Researchers claim that local governments and municipalities “must be part of a framework of multi-level governance” for migrants’ integration (OECD, 2017). The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development highly recognizes the positive contribution of migrants, who deserve to live in a “just, equitable, tolerant, open and socially inclusive world” (2030 Agenda, 2015). Existing research has acknowledged that migrants make low use of local services, such as police, hospitals, educational institutions or leisure facilities due to language barriers and uncertainty on rules of engagement (Sime & Fox, 2014), cultural barriers and issues of trust in services (Alpers, 2016) or social exclusion (Arai, 2006). In order to develop insight into the realities of integration and social cohesion between migrant and host communities in Great Britain, in 2019 this study used a survey to explore how trust and meaningful interaction between all sections of the community could be created by providing social and educational activities for migrant and host communities in Boston, the UK. Furthermore, the research aimed to answer the question whether learning about another culture could increase understanding of how one’s own culture shapes the perceptions of oneself, of the world and of our relationship with others. The research sample was a group of 18 adults of non-migrant / British communities and a group of 15 adults of migrant communities / ESOL students who were attending the language and culture sessions with professional bilingual teachers. The first research sample, for which Lithuanian, Polish and Russian language and culture workshops were delivered, was carefully chosen to represent the native residents dealing with new arrival communities in their daily lives. The interactive workshops on the English language and British culture were delivered to the second focus group, ESOL students. All members of the focus groups expressed their primary wish to learn basic skills in the target language and improve their communication within the local area avoiding social tensions, cultural and linguistic misunderstandings. To explore the needs, experiences and attitudes of both migrant and host communities, a quantitative research methodology was applied, and short semi-structured interviews were conducted.
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Zavhorodnia, V. M. "The origin and development of the European Union sports policy and law." SUMY HISTORICAL AND ARCHIVAL JOURNAL, no. 39 (2022): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/shaj.2022.i39.p.50.
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The presented work is devoted to highlighting the processes of evolution of the EU sports law and policy, identifying facts and events that have contributed to the development of communitarian regulation in this area and establishing trends and directions significant for Ukraine in the European integration aspect. Integration processes, first purely economic and then increasingly multidirectional, could not but affect this vital sphere of social life on the European continent and internationally. Sport is an essential element of the self-realization of a human personality and a sphere of economic activity. It is also a form of international communication, cross-cultural communication, the assertion of authority, and a positive image of countries. Also, sports can be an instrument of political and diplomatic influence or even a means of responding to violations of international law and order. The evolution of EU sports policy and law has been a difficult and long way in the general context of European integration processes. Initially, the sport was not covered by Community law and the spheres of competence of the Communities. However, since the 60s of the last century, the foundations of the European sports model began to form. Implementing the Council of Europe’s standards in the Member States’ practice was essential in forming this model. The European sports model implies, on the one hand, the unity of values and sports traditions of Europe. On the other hand, it is based on considering the national characteristics of European countries, pluralism, and diversity of the organization of sports relations and activities of non-governmental sports organizations. To the main features of the European sports model, which have developed historically and are preserved to this day, the author refers voluntary participation in sports competitions, non-discrimination, democracy, solidarity, compliance with the rules of “fair play,” good governance, and prevention of corruption and abuse. The article characterizes the role of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the creation of the EU acquis in the field of sport. CJEU developed the legal criteria system for extending communitarian rules and principles to the economic aspects of sports activities, including regulating relations with non-state actors such as national Olympic committees, sports federations, etc. Relevant CJEU decisions are analyzed in the study, approaches to the application of EU competition rules in sports, as well as to labor relations, freedom of movement of workers, and the provision of services, are revealed. Further integration and reform of the EU under the provisions of the Lisbon Treaty led to the emergence of a sector of the EU policy in the field of sports and several regulations and organizational measures aimed at realization of this policy. Implementation of the relevant standards in the national legislation, introduction of the best practices of governance in the field of sports in the state policy and activities of non-governmental sports organizations are important components of the implementation of Ukraine’s European integration aspirations, fulfillment of obligations under the Association Agreement and prospectively – the criteria for the EU membership.
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Přívara, Andrej. "Food Consumption Habits and Food Security Challenges among Immigrants." Transnational Marketing Journal 7, no. 1 (May 27, 2019): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/tmj.v7i1.730.
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There is no single behaviour path for migrants after arrival in the destination country. The cases of their successful integration in the host country social environment are not rare, and healthy immigrant effect, indeed, often occurs showing that not always shift to the new living conditions, culture and food traditions preclude healthy food habits of the migrants. However, there are still many factors, both individual and social environment-related, which increase overweight and obesity risk. Quantitative and qualitative research findings have shown that food insecurity can be simultaneously a cause and a consequence of migration. Including religious identities, food has largely become a distinctive factor of the identities of individuals and communities. The distribution of eating habits from migrant source countries, in particular, from Africa to the host European countries is dramatically changing the European cultural dimension. Food has appeared to be one of the main factors of migrants’ integration in European countries. Food insecurity is a critical push factor. Current research emphasised that integration programmes should rely not only on basic language and cultural aspects but also on food, improving the contribution of the food traditions of migrants, while also inspiring in this field interactions and contributions via this medium among long-standing and newly-forming societies. This article focuses on key food challenges, which migrants face in destination countries and factors as causes of these challenges. We also discuss barriers to migration policy change and provide possible ways to mitigate these barriers.
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Khrapunov, Nikita. "Between West and East: the Features of the Development of the Crimea as a Part of the Russian Empire in the Context of Inter-Cultural Communications (1783—1853)." ISTORIYA 12, no. 7 (105) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015401-0.
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This paper addresses integration processes and administrative practices in the Crimea, their influences on local society, and the peninsula’s incorporation into the sphere of European culture. It has been shown that the government permanently corrected their policy under the influence from recently discovered circumstances. The aim was to demonstrate Russian empire’s progressiveness with use of advanced scientific and philosophical thought. Objective and subjective reasons for the delay in integration have been uncovered. Flexibility of religious, tax, social policies aimed at the securing the locals’ loyalty and gradual “teaching” them all-Russia ways has been revealed. The reasons for the problems in commercial, economic, and legal spheres and the influence of newly-formed stereotypes on the regional development have been indicated. Collective and individual adaptation practices developed by the members of varied ethno-confessional communities have been singled out. It has been established that Russia’s policy towards the Crimea was not a version of colonialism. The development of tourism which contributed to the region’s appearance on Western mental maps and its inclusion into the space of Russian and foreign cultures has been demonstrated.
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Kalvet, Tarmo, Maarja Olesk, Marek Tiits, and Janika Raun. "Innovative Tools for Tourism and Cultural Tourism Impact Assessment." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 10, 2020): 7470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187470.
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The importance of data and evidence has increased considerably in policy planning, implementation, and evaluation. There is unprecedented availability of open and big data, and there are rapid developments in intelligence gathering and the application of analytical tools. While cultural heritage holds many tangible and intangible values for local communities and society in general, there is a knowledge gap regarding suitable methods and data sources to measure the impacts and develop data-driven policies of cultural tourism. In the tourism sector, rapid developments are particularly taking place around novel uses of mobile positioning data, web scraping, and open application programming interface (API) data, data on sharing, and collaborative economy and passenger data. Based on feedback from 15 European cultural tourism regions, recommendations are developed regarding the use of innovative tools and data sources in tourism management. In terms of potential analytical depth, it is especially advisable to explore the use of mobile positioning data. Yet, there are considerable barriers, especially in terms of privacy protection and ethics, in using such data. User-generated big data from social media, web searches, and website visits constitute another promising data source as it is often publicly available in real time and has low usage barriers. Due to the emergence of new platform-based business models in the travel and tourism sector, special attention should be paid to improving access and usage of data on sharing and collaborative economy.
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Kosić, Vladana. "The Pretensions of a Mediated Culture: The Case of Herceg Novi, European Capital of Culture 2021." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies, no. 16 (September 5, 2018): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.25038/am.v0i16.261.
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This article is about problematization of media image created on the eve of Herceg Novi, Montenegro’s candidacy for European Capital of Culture 2021, which, in this competition was awarded to competitor city Novi Sad, Serbia, instead. The introductory portion of this article concerns the philosophers of the Frankfurt School, as well as the concept of creative industries, as well as the critical theory of society, which leads to the treatment of culture as a consumer good, and its subsequent exploitation. Via a review of media permeability and indulgence, we analyze the media situation of specific local communities, including consumers’ opinion of local news portals, through the media ‘shaping’ of information associated with the aforementioned candidacy. The text also examines the realities and possibilities of local cultural policy and cultural workers before and during the preparation of the candidacy itself. Finally, we shall seek answers to the following questions: Who is involved in the creation of culture in local media, and what kind of culture is created in the media context? Article received: March 31, 2018; Article accepted: April 10, 2018; Published online: September 15, 2018; Preliminary report – Short communicationHow to cite this article: Kosić, Vladana. "The Pretensions of a Mediated Culture: The Case of Herceg Novi, European Capital of Culture 2021." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 16 (2018): 135−145. doi: 10.25038/am.v0i16.261
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Angelovska, Julijana, and Anita Čeh Časni. "The influence of recurrent property income and expenditure on house prices in European Union countries: Evidence from a panel model." Croatian Review of Economic, Business and Social Statistics 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/crebss-2022-0003.
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Abstract Land value capture can be defined as a policy approach that allows communities to restore and reinvest land value increases that result from public investment and other government actions. For that reason, public action should generate public benefit. The recurrent property tax, one of many tools for land value capture, is the foundation of a stable, enduring revenue source that supports the provision of essential housing and amenities services. This empirical paper aims to examine the influence of recurrent property tax income, and general government spending on housing and community amenities on house prices. To assess the hypothesized direction of the effects, yearly data structured in a balanced panel on a sample of 26 European Union economies from 2010 to 2019 was used. Fixed effects regression model with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors was employed and the results confirmed a negative but statistically insignificant effect of increased property tax revenue on house prices, while increased expenditure on housing and amenities confirmed a positive and statistically significant effect on house prices dynamics in European Union countries.
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Blitz, Brad. "Another Story: What Public Opinion Data Tell Us about Refugee and Humanitarian Policy." Journal on Migration and Human Security 5, no. 2 (June 2017): 379–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/233150241700500208.
Full textAbstract:
The global reaction to US President Donald Trump's executive order, “Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States” of January 27, 2017,1 revealed great public sympathy for the fate of refugees and the principle of refugee protection. In the case of Europe, such sympathy has, however, been dismissed by politicians who have read concerns regarding security and integration as reason for introducing restrictive policies on asylum and humanitarian assistance. These policies are at odds with public sentiment. Drawing upon public opinion surveys conducted by Amnesty International, the European Social Survey (ESS), and Pew Global Attitudes Survey across the European Union and neighboring states, this article records a marked divide between public attitudes towards the treatment of refugees and asylum seekers and official policies regarding asylum and humanitarian assistance, and seeks to understand why this is the case. The article suggests that post-9/11 there has been a reconfiguration of refugee policy and a reconnecting of humanitarian and security interests which has enabled a discourse antithetical to the universal right to asylum. It offers five possible explanations for this trend: i) fears over cultural antagonism in host countries; ii) the conflation of refugees and immigrants, both those deemed economically advantageous as well as those labelled as “illegal”; iii) dominance of human capital thinking; iv) foreign policy justification; and v) the normalization of border controls. The main conclusion is that in a post-post-Cold War era characterized in part by the reconnecting of security and humanitarian policy, European governments have developed restrictive policies despite public sympathy. Support for the admission of refugees is not, however, unqualified, and most states and European populations prefer skilled populations that can be easily assimilated. In order to achieve greater protection and more open policies, this article recommends human rights actors work with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and its partners to challenge the above discourse through media campaigns and grassroots messaging. Further recommendations include: • Challenging efforts to normalize and drawing attention to the extreme and unprecedented activities of illegal and inhumane practices, e.g., detention, offshore processing, and the separation of families through the courts as part of a coordinated information campaign to present a counter moral argument. • Identifying how restrictive asylum policies fail to advance foreign policy interests and are contrary to international law. • Evidencing persecution by sharing information with the press and government agencies on the nature of claims by those currently considered ineligible for refugee protection as part of a wider campaign of information and inclusion. • Engaging with minority, and in particular Muslim, communities to redress public concerns regarding the possibility of cultural integration in the host country. • Clarifying the rights of refugees and migrants in line with the UNHCR and International Organization for Migration (IOM) guidelines and European and national law in order to hold governments to account and to ensure that all — irrespective of their skills, status, nationality or religion — are given the opportunity to seek asylum. • Identifying and promoting leadership among states and regional bodies to advance the rights of refugees.
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Edmond, Jennifer, and Vicky Garnett. "APIs and Researchers: The Emperor's New Clothes?" International Journal of Digital Curation 10, no. 1 (May 21, 2015): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v10i1.369.
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As part of the Europeana Cloud (eCloud) project, Trinity College Dublin investigated best practice in the use of web services, such as APIs, for accessing large data sets from cultural heritage collections. This research looked into the provision and use of APIs, and moreover, whether or not more customised programmatic access to datasets is what researchers want or need. In order to understand whether current patterns of API usage reflect a skills gap on the part of researchers or a mismatch of tool to purpose, we looked not only at the creators and developer/users of APIs, but also at humanists already re-using big data; approaches in cultural heritage institutions and other research infrastructures to bring API use to non-technical audiences; and the kinds of training and other support services available or emerging within the data-intensive humanities research lifecycle. We conducted both desk research and a series of 11 interviews with figures working as researchers, developers or data providers, including figures from both the API development and the data usage communities. This research, conducted under the eCloud project and supported by the European Commission’s ICT Policy and Support Programme (Grant number 325091), was begun in March 2014 and is now in its concluding validation stage. The results of the research are not yet finalised, but the contribution is already emerging of this work to the debate about APIs being either the way forward for digital cultural heritage collections, or the Emperor’s New Clothes (or maybe a bit of both).
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COMAN, Claudiu, Mircea BOTEI, and L. SARGU. "Romania's expertise for education reform in the republic of moldova." SERIES VII - SOCIAL SCIENCES AND LAW 13(62), no. 1 Special Issue (January 2021): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.ssl.2020.13.62.3.4.
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The relations with the Republic of Moldova are a strategic priority for Romania's foreign policy, given the multiple cultural and historical ties between the two states and communities. Regardless of the governments in power in the two countries, the collaboration between the two countries has steadily strengthened, gaining a variety of forms. One of these forms of collaboration is that in the field of education in general, in particular, of university education. Protocols of collaboration in education, signed over time, provide for bursary, master and doctorate scholarships, internships for master and doctoral students, academic mobility for teachers, study visits, etc. Beyond these concrete aspects, the collaboration on the educational level also aims at the modernization of the national educational systems, with Romania having the experience, expertise and assistance needed to reform the educational system of the Republic of Moldova, in accordance with European principles and values
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Maksimović, Andrijana, and Zoran Milosavljević. "Liberal vs restrictive concept of the EU immigration policies." Serbian Journal of Management 17, no. 2 (2022): 439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sjm17-40137.
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The authors of the paper deal with the immigration policies in the European Union, i.e. in its member states as constituent parts of a complex community. The main aim is to determine what immigration policies are conducted by the EU member states depending on their public opinion, their social, demographic, and economic structure, as well as cultural, political-parliamentary and security policies. It is assumed that the immigration policies of the EU member states could be researched on an ideal-type scale, ranging from liberal to restrictive immigration policies. Based on all available quantifiers, we opted for MIPEX or the Migrant Integration Policy Index. Based on MIPEX, one can clearly see the tendency towards one of the borderline immigration policies on a scale ranging from liberal to restrictive immigration policies. The EU member states whose nationality is territorially bounded, (nation states, the civil-national principle) and which have long immigration tradition tend to opt for liberal immigration policies. Institutional measures such as allocating funds for welfare benefits and government efficiency point out to stable systems of welfare state where liberal immigration policy is dominant. In addition, communities which are economically strong and stable in terms of security, also show tendencies towards liberal immigration policy.
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Andrijenko, Lilija. "ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВІТАЛЬНОСТІ МАЛОПОШИРЕНИХ МОВ УКРАЇНИ: ДОСВІД І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ." Studia Ukrainica Posnaniensia 9, no. 1 (September 13, 2021): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sup.2021.9.1.01.
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This study summarizes the achievements of Ukrainian sociolinguistics at the turn of the 21st century in the field of studying the languages of national minorities in Ukraine. The relevance of the study lies in the influence of the new worldview paradigm. Its goal is to preserve and protect humanity’s unique cultural heritage, which is under threat of reduction or destruction. The topicality of sociolinguistic studies of the languages of national minorities is also associated with the changing socio-political context in post-Soviet countries, especially in Ukraine. Consequently, there is a need for sociolinguistic monitoring of the linguistic situation, as well as for studying the conditions and mechanisms of linguistic behavior of minorities in bilingual and multilingual regions. It is also important to develop practical recommendations on the balance of linguistic rights and cultural needs of Ukrainian ethnolinguistic communities. The study is presented as part of the research project entitled “Practices of language protection of the European linguistic and cultural space and the prospects for language policy in Ukraine” (2019–2023). The method of diachronic description allows us to trace the evolution of research ideas and the changes in methodological premises regarding the problems of language evolution in Ukraine from the times of the USSR to the present day.
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HAMILTON, REBECCA, and DAN PENNY. "Ecological history of Lachlan Nature Reserve, Centennial Park, Sydney, Australia: a palaeoecological approach to conservation." Environmental Conservation 42, no. 1 (April 8, 2014): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892914000083.
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SUMMARYReconstructing the environmental history of protected areas permits an empirically-based assessment of the conservation values ascribed to these sites. Ideally, this long-term view can contribute to evidence-based management policy that is both ecologically ‘realistic’ and pragmatically feasible. Lachlan Nature Reserve, a protected wetland in Centennial Park, Sydney, is claimed to be the final remnant of early and pre-European swamplands that were once extensive in the area, and the site is thus considered to have indigenous cultural and natural conservation significance. This study uses palynological techniques to reconstruct vegetation communities at the Reserve from the late Holocene to the present in order to assess whether these values adequately reflect the history, character and development of the site. The findings indicate that the modern site flora is a modified Melaleuca quinquenervia low forest assemblage formed in response to aggregated anthropogenic disturbance since colonial settlement. This assemblage replaces an Epacris-dominated heath-swampland community that was extirpated in the mid-20th century. These results emphasize the value of long-term studies in contributing to a realistic management policy that explicitly reflects the normative basis of conservation, and values the influence of past land-uses on contemporary protected ecosystems.
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Sultanova, Leila. "SOCIO-CULTURAL BACKGROUND OF POLICULTURAL EDUCATION APPEARING." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 13 (March 9, 2016): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2016.13.171537.
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In modern society a certain social processes occur. That is, the complicated socio-economic and political transformation of global scale is associated with the processes of globalization. Unity of mankind and the formation of human culture became a reason of appearing of the phenomenon of multicultural education.In modern scientific literature on this issue a different meanings (multiculturalism poly-culturalizm, inter-culturalizm, transculturalizm, etc.) are found. There is no unity in their interpretation.In our research the terms «policultural society», «the policy of multiculturalism» and «policultural education» will be used. We are distinguishing and defining them as it follows.Defining the essence of the concept of «policultural society» we based on the generally definition concept of «society». But attention in definition was focused on the diversity of cultures.In aspects of our research, we analyze the society that has geographic boundaries (border), a common legislative system and a certain socio-cultural unity. Unity is a reflection of the integrity of the existence of various cultural communities (including ethnic) in the nation.Multicultural society is characterized by such basic features as territory, social structure, autonomy and self-sufficiency, social and cultural unity – typical of the multicultural society.The concept of «multiculturalism» we use in it most common sense, that is – in the meaning of public policy.The concept «multiculturalism» appeared in Canada in 1960, in the process of searching the ways to solve the conflict between Quebec nationalism and English Canada. Multiculturalism was officially politically accepted in 1971. In the European political and academic vocabulary «multiculturalism» came in the middle of 80-s, but it was not an expression of official policy.The problem of intercultural interaction is now in the focus of not only politicians, philosophers, sociologists and culturologists, but also educational community. The trends of developing of modern society have created the necessity of direction of national policies on the development of the educational sector, which would be based on the principles of universalization. In this regard, in many countries of the world, the multicultural education has become the leading development strategy of multicultural society.