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Fink, Gerhard, Marcus Kölling, and Anne-Katrin Neyer. "The cultural standard method." Europainstitut, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2005. http://epub.wu.ac.at/450/1/document.pdf.
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The proposed method enables us to identify cultural standards, i.e. the underlying norms of thinking, sensing, perceiving, judging, and acting that the vast majority of individuals in a given culture is considering as normal for themselves and others. Norms of behaviour can be different across societies even if the underlying values are the same and can cause critical incidents to emerge. A sequence of methodological steps allows systematically dealing with sampling, interviewer, interpretation, construct, and culture bias in cross-cultural qualitative research based on narrative interviews.(author's abstract)Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
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HOLLINGSWORTH, DIANA MORENO. "THE INTERVIEW: A CROSS-CULTURAL MODEL, STRATEGIES AND EVALUATIVE MEASURES." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184112.
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The rapid telescoping of the need to communicate cross-culturally in an ever widening range of contexts sets the basic circumstances for this study. Private and public sector interviewing become more important as cultural and cross-cultural factors emerge in coventuring enterprises. Standard interviewing programs and procedures do not usually focus on cross-cultural variables. A model is necessary through which to orchestrate the interview in a generic form and into which substantive illustrations for cross-cultural interviews can be placed. The Cube model designed by Dr. T. Frank Saunders, in his Double Think book, was adapted to this purpose and provides a comprehensive and exhaustive format for this study. The advent of CD ROM, high storage and easy retrieval computer technology, makes the design presented here an effective and efficient system for the collection and collation of demographic and ethnographic data. The Cube model and procedures set forth in this study should facilitate the data collection and development of an interview manual for cross-cultural interviewing.
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Tuononen, Ellen. "Cultural competence in action : an interview study with registered nurses in Israel." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-3414.
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Background The population in Israel is heterogeneous with inhabitants from diverse backgrounds with different religious affiliations, languages and customs. The diversity of cultural backgrounds can create a challenge for the healthcare system. Cultural competence is stated to be a necessary ability of a nurse when caring for culturally diverse persons, further promoted by the Israeli Ministry of health. Aim The aim of the study is to describe Registered Nurses experiences of working with cultural competence in caring for persons with culturally diverse backgrounds in Israel. Method A qualitative design was used. Five semi-structured telephone interviews with registered nurses working in a city in Israel, was conducted. The data was analysed using a qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Findings Four categories were identified in the findings: Understanding cultural needs, Addressing cultural needs, Challenges in caring for culturally diverse persons and Incidential finding: Risk of stereotyping, all further represented with the theme: Embracing patient’s cultural needs In healthcare. Approaches to understand cultural needs emphasised on seeing the whole person and being sensitive to their needs, depending on clear communication, although neglect of cultural needs occurred. Acceptance and respect for persons choices as well as adaptions made both in nurses encounter and hospital environment. Experiences of cultural differences evoked feelings of inconvenience and insecurities. Incidental findings show stereotyping as a challenge. Conclusion Approaches and behaviours in line with the values of cultural competence were learned through in-practice experiences. Implementation of the recommended guidelines in healthcare could further enhance nurse’s cultural competence and guidance when caring for culturally diverse persons.
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Fay, Sarah. "The American tradition of the literary interview, 1840-1956 : a cultural history." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1596.
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"The American Tradition of the Literary Interview 1840 - 1956: A Cultural History" is the first study to document the development of the literary interview in the United States. A handful of critics have discussed the literary interview and traced it back to various European cultural traditions; however, I argue that, like the interview, which the British journalist William Stead wrote "was a distinctly American invention," the literary interview was a particularly American form. Drawing on archival research and new readings of primary sources, this project examines the literary interview's systemic growth and formal characteristics between 1842 and 1956. I trace connections among the American press, culture, and literary marketplace to offer an as-yet unwritten history of the literary interview. During Charles Dickens's 1842 North American tour, the first literary interviews were published in written-up, or paragraph form and resembled written snapshots or sketches. As a result of the cult of domesticity and the popular scandals of the mid-to-late nineteenth century, the literary interview developed into a slightly longer and more narrative form that focused on an author's surroundings and living quarters. With the rise of yellow journalism and muckraking reporting during the first decades of the twentieth century, the literary interview became a more investigative and intrusive form; yet at the same time, the first in-depth, literary conversations with American authors were published. During the interwar period, the second wave of "girl reporters" and lady interviews transformed the written-up literary interview into a more nuanced form that exhibited rhetorical and literary flourishes. With the development of the New Yorker profile and the Paris Review interview in the mid-twentieth century, the literary interview branched off into two distinct modes: the profile and the author Q & A. This history of the literary interview offers a model of reading mass media communications in terms of both content and form. In doing so, this project chges the critical frameworks that dismiss the literary interview as ancillary to literature and articulate the importance of interviews, communication, and conversation in American culture.
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Johnson, Dione Nicole. "Project design of the multicultural education and training structured interview for cultural formulation." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2117.
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McDonald, Kathryn. "Performance, power and production : a selective, critical and cultural history of the radio interview." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2014. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/22509/.
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This thesis charts the historical evolution of the ‘personal’ radio interview, in order to understand its use as a speech device, a social relationship and a communicative genre. Four contrasting styles of interviewing have been chosen to illustrate key moments and to illuminate significant shifts in the history of UK broadcasting: Desert Island Discs (1942-1954), The Radio Ballads (1958-64 & 2006), the confessional style phone interview format on independent local radio (1975) and Prison Radio projects (1993-present). These cases draw together an assortment of live and pre-recorded material, across a variety of genres that encompass over seventy years of production output, granting an opportunity to demonstrate the specificities of each example, whilst also identifying any overarching themes or differences. Primary research has been carried out using an assortment of audio content and written archive, comprising of scripts, memos, letters, diaries, training documents, contracts, policies and guidelines, which give us a further sense of how this method of talk has developed over the decades. Power dynamics permeate all levels of broadcasting, so particular emphasis has been placed on how both ‘on air’ and ‘backstage’ interaction has been experienced by an institution, an interviewer and an interviewee. For instance, how might the interview have been used to serve, restrict or benefit the needs of a particular group, an individual or an institution? The different types of interaction that has taken place between participants before, during and after an interview exchange provide clues about the purpose, motivations and agendas of those who contribute towards on-air talk. So, while this thesis values the significance of broadcast audio and historical documentation, it also honours the experiences of individual figures, and seeks to highlight the relationship dynamics within production teams; all of which have an impact on the on-air interview exchange. As a result, research interviews have been conducted with industry practitioners, including editors, engineers, presenters, producers and phone operators. This study will not only start to develop our knowledge of the contextual history of interview production on commercial, public service and community radio in the UK, but also begin to lay the foundation for an expansion of our wider knowledge concerning the use of the mediated interview across other disciplines and throughout other countries. This thesis suggests that the on-air incarnation of interview talk, its ‘backstage’ production, and its principal position within speech radio genres all over the world, should be viewed as a powerful barometer of institutional, individual and national cultural hopes, desires and identities.
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Carbutt, Ren S. "The Experiences of Hispanic International Students as Interviewees in a Cross-Cultural Interview Project." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3403.
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In the field of world language education, it has long been affirmed that language and culture are inseparable. It has also often been asked how teaching language and culture in an inseparable way is to be accomplished. One solution that has been proposed is ethnographic interviews. Other studies have demonstrated that interviewing native cultural informants is beneficial for language students. This study examined whether such interviews are also beneficial to the native informants. The participants in this project, sixteen native speakers of Spanish, were each interviewed three times by a pair of Spanish students who employed ethnographic techniques as a part of the interview process. The native speakers answered two brief questionnaires, one before and one after the interviews, and many of them participated in one-on-one interviews with me, the primary researcher, to follow-up on their answers to those questionnaires and their experiences with the interviews. I found that the participants perceived the project as beneficial in multiple areas including, but not limited to, the chance it gave them to talk about their culture, the interest they perceived in their culture and their viewpoints, and the opportunity it gave them to confirm, modify, or strengthen conclusions they had made from previous cultural experience. A small percentage of the native speakers either did not understand or appreciate the ethnographic techniques that were employed. However, after initial interviews, I gave the students of Spanish feedback on how to better make use of those techniques in order to improve the students' and native speakers' experiences with the interviews and a large majority of the native speakers observed how the subsequent interviews improved. Therefore, similar projects might benefit from making use of this information. Specifically, it might be useful to explain ethnographic techniques not just to interviewers, but also to interviewees, so that both groups might better understand and appreciate the purpose of those techniques. It might also be useful to give feedback to those who use ethnographic techniques to interview native culture informants.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Lee N. Robins, Linda B. Cottler, Norman Sartorius, J. D. Burke, and Darrel A. Regier. "Cross-cultural Feasibility, Reliability and Sources of Variance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-108560.
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The CIDI is a fully standardised diagnostic interview designed for assessing mental disorders based on the definitions and criteria of ICD-1Oand DSM-IlI-R. Field trials with the CIDI have been conducted in 18 centres around the world, to test the feasibility and reliability of the CIDI in different cultures and settings, as well as to test the inter-rater agreement for the different types of questions used. Of 590 subjects interviewed across all sites and rated by an interviewer and observer, 575 were eligible for analysis. The CIDI was judged to be acceptable for most subjects and was appropriate for use in different kinds of settings. Many subjects fulfilled criteria for more than one diagnosis (lifetime and six-month). The most frequent lifetime disorders were generalised anxiety, major depression, tobacco use disorders, and agoraphobia. Percentage agreements for all diagnoses were above 90% and the kappa values were all highly significant. No significant numbers of diagnostic disconcordances were found with lifetime, six-month, and four-week time frames.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Lee N. Robins, Linda B. Cottler, Norman Sartorius, J. D. Burke, and Darrel A. Regier. "Cross-cultural Feasibility, Reliability and Sources of Variance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)." Technische Universität Dresden, 1991. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26759.
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The CIDI is a fully standardised diagnostic interview designed for assessing mental disorders based on the definitions and criteria of ICD-1Oand DSM-IlI-R. Field trials with the CIDI have been conducted in 18 centres around the world, to test the feasibility and reliability of the CIDI in different cultures and settings, as well as to test the inter-rater agreement for the different types of questions used. Of 590 subjects interviewed across all sites and rated by an interviewer and observer, 575 were eligible for analysis. The CIDI was judged to be acceptable for most subjects and was appropriate for use in different kinds of settings. Many subjects fulfilled criteria for more than one diagnosis (lifetime and six-month). The most frequent lifetime disorders were generalised anxiety, major depression, tobacco use disorders, and agoraphobia. Percentage agreements for all diagnoses were above 90% and the kappa values were all highly significant. No significant numbers of diagnostic disconcordances were found with lifetime, six-month, and four-week time frames.
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Melin, Ruben. "Pushing buttons: an ethnographic interview study on toxicity in online gaming cultures." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Centrum för genusvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444218.
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The purpose of this study is to research toxicity through how it was understood, experienced, and described by game enthusiasts. The toxicity described is further explored through theories of cultural and symbolic domination and through feminist game studies and the lens of masculinity theory. I have thus looked at the cultural fields of online gaming as social domains sometimes structured by hierarchies, where subjects may be positioned in relation to one another by virtue of norms, their identities, habitus, symbolic capital and through (more or less symbolic) violence. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with six gaming enthusiasts who are about twenty to forty years old, five identifying as men and one identifying as a woman. Interpretation has been conducted through a thematic and discourse analytically inspired method, and through the theoretical framework primarily consisting of Bourdieu´s (developed) theoretical concepts of fields, capital, habitus and symbolic violence, combined with Iris Marion Young’s theory of cultural dominance and social constructionist theories on masculinity. The study shows how subjects may make sense of online gaming as a social arena often associated to online violence and discrimination, and how this can be further analysed from a gender studies perspective.
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Hatfield, Kari. "The Exodus Experiment: Theatrically Bridging the Cultural Gap." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/986.
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As a theatre professional and a practicing Christian, I have found it very difficult to bring my two worlds together. Theatre is a tool for education, discussion, and understanding. In my work on this project, I have explored the ways in which theatre can and cannot help us understand each other on the volatile subjects that divide our contemporary culture: homosexuality and religion. Twenty-nine people with various backgrounds and worldviews were interviewed for this project. The words from these interviews were used to create the beginnings of a script for a play that explores the issues of homosexuality, religion, and the so-called "culture wars" from various points of view. While struggling to remain unbiased, this play also introduces new voices in theatre that are not commonly heard.
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Reiter, Sebastian. "Culture in global business transformation projects : the discovery of a grounded theory." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63316/1/Sebastian_Reiter_Thesis.pdf.
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Presently organisations engage in what is termed as Global Business Transformation Projects [GBTPs], for consolidating, innovating, transforming and restructuring their processes and business strategies while undergoing fundamental change. Culture plays an important role in global business transformation projects as these involve people of different cultural backgrounds and span across countries, industries and disciplinary boundaries. Nevertheless, there is scant empirical research on how culture is conceptualised beyond national and organisational cultures but also on how culture is to be taken into account and dealt with within global business transformation projects.
This research is situated in a business context and discovers a theory that aids in describing and dealing with culture. It draws on the lived experiences of thirty-two senior management practitioners, reporting on more than sixty-one global business transformation projects in which they were actively involved. The research method used is a qualitative and interpretive one and applies a grounded theory approach, with rich data generated through interviews. In addition, vignettes were developed to illustrate the derived theoretical models.
The findings from this study contribute to knowledge in multiple ways. First, it provides a holistic account of global business transformation projects that describe the construct of culture by the elements of culture types, cultural differences and cultural diversity. A typology of culture types has been developed which enlarges the view of culture beyond national and organisational culture including an industry culture, professional service firm culture and 'theme' culture. The amalgamation of the culture types instantiated in a global business transformation project compromises its project culture. Second, the empirically grounded process for managing culture in global business transformation projects integrates the stages of recognition, understanding and management as well as the enablement providing a roadmap for dealing with culture in global business transformation projects. Third, this study identified contextual variables to global business transformation projects, which provide the means of describing the environment global business transformation projects are situated, influence the construct of culture and inform the process for managing culture. Fourth, the contribution to the research method is the positioning of interview research as a strategy for data generation and the detailed documentation applying grounded theory to discover theory.
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Choi, Seunghee. "Cross-cultural job interview communication in business English as a lingua franca (BELF) contexts : a corpus-based comparative study of multicultural job interview communications in world maritime industry." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5328/.
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With the aim of establishing a guideline for how to teach successful job interview communication in a multi-cultural Business as a Lingua Franca (BELF) setting, this thesis examines authentic job interview communications in the world maritime industry, compares overall features of successful and unsuccessful communications, and discusses pedagogical implications for ESP language teaching. For this purpose, authentic job interview communications conducted in four different countries between non-native speakers of English (both English as a Second Language and English as a Foreign Language speaker) including India, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam were collected. The data from 40 job interviews in total was transcribed for corpus analysis, and finally a Corpus of ELF Job Interviews in a Multicultural Business World (hereinafter CELF-JOIN) has been compiled for this research. Based on the analysis, a wide range of BELF job interview features were investigated in terms of contextual and schematic structures, interactional pragmatic features and lexico-grammatical characteristics. From the findings, pedagogical implications were drawn as ways to enhance learners’ schematic structural awareness, utilise diversified narrative strategies, increase interactional and presentational competency and finally to raise their multi-cultural awareness for successful business communicative outcomes in the future cross-cultural BELF job interview communicative setting.
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Hägglund, Karin, and Helena Roos. "Cultural Meetings in Child Health Centers : An Interview Study about Child Health Nurses experience of Intercultural Communication." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Health Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-3290.
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Increasing immigration to Sweden has transformed a culturally homogeneous society into a more heterogeneous one. As a consequence intercultural communication and interaction have been increasing. Child health care agencies have encountered these increases. The aim of this study was to examine what the health care professionals experienced and communicated in these intercultural environments. Eight interviews with child health care nurses were carried through at four child health care centers in the south of Sweden. The results have shown that the child health nurses were affected by their different backgrounds and cultural diversity. An ethnocentric approach, including biased values of right and wrong, caused unsuccessful encounters with families from foreign countries. A culturally sensitive approach, on the other hand, with an understanding of cultural differences, proved to be successful and associated to plain communication and trust. A conclusion is that the nurses in childcare services should be provided with the opportunity to develop the necessary knowledge and tools needed for managing problems and obstacles they may encounter in their practices. Furthermore it was found that reflection was used for learning. We conclude that the nurses should be provided with opportunity to learn this way about their own culture and cultural relativity. A culturally sensitive approach leads to a better acceptance for cultural difference. From a health promotion point of view, this means that the prospect of promoting good health for immigrant children in the long run can be increased.
Keywords: Intercultural communication, child health centers, ethnocentrism, cultural sensitivity, reflection.
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Eriksson, Cecilia, and Linn Eriksson. "Inequities in health care: lessons from New Zealand : A qualitative interview study about the cultural safety theory." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-2346.
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BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organisation, the indigenous Māori are reportedly the most marginalised ethnic group with the poorest health status in New Zealand. Cultural safety theory is a part of nursing programmes in New Zealand with the aim to reduce inequities within the health care system. AIM: The aim of this study is to illuminate nurses’ views about the cultural safety theory in relation to inequities within the health care system in New Zealand. METHOD: A qualitative empirical approach based on semi-structured indepth interviews was applied. Six interviews were conducted and data was analysed using Graneheim and Lundmans manifest content analysis. RESULTS: Two categories were identified and became representative as a result, Nursing Strategies and Working with Challenges. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study suggest that nurses’ have an overall positive attitude towards working with cultural safety theory and believe the theory to be an opportunity to change attitudes, and be a potential tool to reduce inequities within the health care system. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Illuminating nurses’ perspectives about cultural safety can contribute to a better understanding of working with different cultures and hopefully reduce inequities within the health care system.BAKGRUND: Enligt Världshälsoorganisationen är ursprungsbefolkning Māori den mest marginaliserade folkgrupp med sämst hälsostatus i Nya Zeeland. Teorin kulturell säkerhet är en del av sjuksköterskeprogrammen i Nya Zeeland med syfte att reducera orättvisor inom hälso- och sjukvården. SYFTE: Syftet med denna studie är att belysa sjuksköterskors syn på teorin kulturell säkerhet i förhållande till orättvisor inom hälso- och sjukvården i Nya Zeeland. METOD: Denna studie är byggd på en kvalitativ empirisk strategi, med semistrukturerade djupintervjuer. Sex intervjuer genomfördes och data analyserades med hjälp av Graneheim och Lundmans manifest innehållsanalys. RESULTAT: Två kategorier identifierades och blev representativa som ett resultat, Omvårdnadsstrategier och Arbeta med utmaningar. SLUTSATS: Resultaten i denna studie visar att sjuksköterskor har en allmänt positiv inställning till att arbeta med teorin kulturell säkerhet och tror att teorin kan vara en möjlighet att förändra attityder samt vara ett potentiellt verktyg för att minska orättvisorna inom hälso- och sjukvården. KLINISK RELEVANS: Genom att belysa sjuksköterskors upplevelser av teorin kulturell säkerhet är förhoppningen att bidra till en bredare förståelse av att arbeta med olika kulturer och i förlängningen reducera orättvisorna inom hälso- och sjukvården.
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Alphonce, Maria. "Workplace Learning Across Boundaries : An interview study on professional development and identity formation in intercultural work contexts." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Pedagogik och vuxnas lärande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131932.
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In this thesis I discuss workplace learning during international assignments in a variety of work sectors. In addition to normal adjustments to a new workplace, foreign language acquisition and cultural adaptation are necessary. By collecting and analyzing narratives of a group of Swedish professionals with international work assignments, I have found some regularities and variations of workplace learning as well as some significant effects that these assignments had on their identity. Recommendations are given to providers of preparatory courses for international work assignments as well as sending organizations and employers. The main finding is that workplace learning for international workers follows a trajectory starting already long before departure and continues throughout different phases of the assignment. It also has effects on work life after the return to one’s home culture. The learning resulting from the work assignment affected all areas of life (not only work life) and contributed towards an intercultural identity. This kind of assignment often included networking with several organizations and groups of people of varying nationalities. Instead of working towards becoming full members of one work community, the participants in this study often found themselves in the peripheries of multiple ones. This peripheral albeit influential situation provided many opportunities for learning, both for the individual and the groups they work with. In this way, these international workers have the potential to be agents of change and development in all work communities they relate to.
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Mehmeti, Anita. "Identity: Moving and Living Abroad - A qualitative interview study of Afghan female immigrants who moved to Sweden during 2015-2016." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23285.
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This thesis investigates Afghan female immigrants’ experiences of their adaptation process in Sweden. It also examines whether gender identity alters among these Afghan women. The study was conducted through a qualitative research approach based on six semi-structured interviews, with its data being analyzed by thematic analysis. The thematic analysis presented the result on the basis of four themes; identity, social relations, cultural differences and the migration process. Further, the results show that most respondents were affected by migration, that they were influenced by social relations and that they experienced cultural differences in Sweden compared to Afghanistan.
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Mohebbi, Mehri. "Exploring Social/Cultural Factors that Influence the Motivation of Muslim Women to Walk in Their Neighborhoods (A Case Study of Detroit Metro Area)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1561474879942593.
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Bayoumi, Rasha. "Cultural adaptation of the Fertility Status Awareness Tool to Low and Middle Income Countries (Sudan) using survey, systematic review and meta-analysis and interview methodologies." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/111816/.
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Globally, fertility problems have severe negative consequences. In Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC) like Sudan women especially bear the burden of the inability to achieve pregnancy and childlessness. The severity of these consequences coupled with the lack of fertility knowledge motivated the need to enhance fertility awareness in LMIC. Recently several fertility awareness tools have been developed. One such tool is the Fertility Status Awareness Tool (FertiSTAT), a short, one page self-administered tool that provides information about the signs, symptoms and preventable causes of fertility problems. This tool provides personalized risk knowledge that allows women to make informed decisions about their fertility. The FertiSTAT was developed and validated in the UK but it has utility as a cost-effective tool to enhance fertility awareness in LMIC where this simple tool could be embedded in existing (but resource limited) reproductive health services. The aim of the studies presented in this thesis was to culturally adapt the FertiSTAT to ensure that it was comprehensive in its coverage of risks and it is acceptable and feasible for use in Sudan. The potential new risk factors for inclusion in FertiSTAT were identified through literature search, expert consultations and survey. The risk factors were subjected to systematic review and meta-analysis. Results of the studies indicated that cultural adaptation would require cultural targeting to be inclusive of new risk factors relevant to Sudan and other LMIC and be linguistically and graphically culturally appropriate. The risk factors found to be associated with fertility problems were genital tuberculosis, HIV, bacterial vaginosis, female genital mutilation and consanguinity. Results of stakeholder meetings and patient interviews lead to recommendations about changes to language and presentation of materials to enhance acceptability and feasibility of FertiSTAT. These recommendations included the need for adding provider-administered versions of the FertiSTAT to enable cultural tailoring of information to each user’s level of literacy and cultural attributes. An integration of all knowledge acquired from these studies lead to two adapted versions of the FertiSTAT, a flipchart and a checklist. It is anticipated that these tools can be used to enhance fertility awareness in Sudan. The studies can also be used as an adaptation protocol such that the procedural knowledge gained from adaptation in Sudan can be transferred to other LMIC. Such undertakings can potentially help improve individual and, in time, societal awareness of fertility problems with the eventual aim to prevent fertility problems, alleviate individual suffering for the most vulnerable and aid in the global efforts to promote sexual and reproductive health equity where it is most needed.
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Ajagunna, Adenike Abiodun Aneys. "Comprometimento na carreira nas indústrias criativas." Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2016. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/18941.
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A presente pesquisa dedicou-se ao estudo do comprometimento com a carreira, mais especificamente os antecedentes e consequentes do comprometimento com a carreira nas indústrias criativas. A escolha pelas indústrias criativas, representado pelo produtor cultural, deve-se ao forte destaque e crescimento da economia criativa e, sobretudo, à importância do papel social da arte e da cultura. Pelo exposto, o objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em entender como se percebe o comprometimento do produtor cultural com a carreira frente ao contexto de trabalho das indústrias criativas ao longo do seu desenvolvimento profissional. Para tanto, foi proposto a realização de três estudos. O primeiro estudo propõe-se a rever a produção acadêmica, nacional e internacional sobre o tema e vinculá-la ao campo promissor das indústrias criativas, mais precisamente identificar, descrever, classificar e analisar as pesquisas sobre comprometimento voltadas para o contexto da carreira profissional e das indústrias criativas. O segundo estudo buscou identificar, descrever, categorizar e ilustrar os antecedentes do comprometimento da carreira profissional de trabalhadores nas indústrias criativas, com enfoque para os produtores culturais. O terceiro estudo objetivou identificar, descrever, categorizar e ilustrar os consequentes do comprometimento da carreira profissional de trabalhadores nas indústrias criativas, também com enfoque para os produtores culturais. No que tange a metodologia, o primeiro estudo (teórico) realizou uma análise sistêmica para referenciar a produção científica, enquanto os dois últimos estudos utilizaram uma metodologia qualitativa com abordagem das histórias de vida através da técnica de entrevista biográfica. As entrevistas foram realizadas com oito produtores culturais de vasta experiência profissional em projetos no cenário das indústrias criativas baiana em duas etapas distintas. As narrativas foram tratadas a partir do procedimento de análise de conteúdo apoiado no paradigma interpretativo e com auxílio do software ATLAS.ti. Os resultados sugerem que há uma carência de estudos que inter-relacionem o comprometimento com a carreira e as indústrias criativas, além disso, carece ainda de estudos que incluem nas pesquisas o fator da temporalidade de uma carreira. Nesta pesquisa, as análises foram realizadas no sentido de buscar um suporte qualitativo para os antecedentes e consequentes apontadas na literatura, bem como propusemos a inclusão de novos antecedentes (Paixão, Apoio familiar, Apoio de Organizações Públicas e Privadas, Feedback do Público e Criatividade) e novos consequentes (Conflito Vida Profissional e Pessoal, Resiliência, Ser um Exemplo Profissional), de forma a contribuir com os avanços que vêm sendo realizado no campo a partir da utilização hegemônica de instrumentos quantitativos de pesquisa.
The present research was dedicated to study career commitment, more specifically the antecedents and consequences of career commitment in the creative industries. The choice for the creative industries, represented by the cultural producer, is due to the strong emphasis and growth of the creative economy and, above all, the importance of the social role of art and culture. That being exposed, the objective of this research is to understand how career commitment of cultural producers happens in the context of the creative industries workplace along their professional development. Therefore, it was proposed to develop three studies. The first study proposes a review of the academic literature on the subject, national and international, and links it to the promising field of creative industries, more precisely the objective is to identify, describe, classify and analyze the research focused on commitment under the context of career and the context of the creative industries. The second study sought to identify, describe, categorize and illustrate the antecedents to commitment of the professional career of workers in the creative industries, with a focus on cultural producers. The third study aimed to identify, describe, categorize and illustrate the consequences of commitment of the professional career of workers in the creative industries, also focusing on cultural producers. Regarding the methodology, the first study theoretical) conducted a systemic analysis to reference the scientific production, while the latter two studies used a qualitative methodology of the life story approach through the biographical interview technique. The interviews were conducted with eight cultural producers with extensive work experience in projects in Bahia’s creative industries scenario in two stages. The narratives were treated with the procedure of content analysis supported by the interpretative paradigm and with the help of ATLAS.ti software. The findings suggests that there is a lack of studies that inter-relates career commitment and creative industries. Also, has yet to exist studies that include the temporality factor of a career in researches. In this research, the analysis were made to qualitatively support the antecedents and consequences shown in the literature and propose the inclusion of new antecedents (Passion, Family Support, Support of Public and Private Organizations, Audience Feedback and Creativity) and new consequences (Professional and Personal Life Conflict, Resilience, Become a Professional Example), in order to contribute to the field's already made progress based on the hegemonic use of quantitative research tools.
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Ilanogovan, Malarvele, and Susan E. Higgins. "Library provision to the Tamil community in Singapore." LIBRES: Library and Information Science Electronic Journal, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197109.
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This study explored public library provision to the Tamil Community in Singapore using a focus group methodology. Results of the study were analysed and implications for the library services for the Tamil community in Singapore outlined. Improvement is needed in collections, facilities, programming and services, particularly in the area of provision to young people. Among other suggestions, the participants proposed an Internet portal in Tamil. Many indicated that the library could help in promoting the usage of Tamil language in Singapore through facilitating the reading and use of the Tamil language. Participants perceived this as vital to preserve the Tamil culture in Singapore and ensure its survival as part of the country’s unique cultural heritage in the future. The Tamil language among the other Indian languages has been given official status in Singapore, and this recognition of Tamil as a national language has given the Tamils intrinsic satisfaction. The language provides them with a living link to their ethnic culture. They believe the library can help them regain their cultural identities and also assist them in repositioning themselves well in Singaporean society. The contribution of this study to the professional literature is the idea of cultural identity being central in public library services to special user groups.
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Tipandjan, Arun. "Cross-cultural study on decision making of German and Indian university students." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-201000777.
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The dissertation consists of an introduction and three empirical articles. The introduction gives the theoretical background, integrates the three articles, and elaborates on future research questions. The first article investigates the important decision in the lives of German and Indian university students to identify the important areas of decision making. The second article examines the structure of real life decision making and reveals the underlying factors of five major decision areas. The third article investigates the similarities and differences on decision making between German and Indian students using prior qualitative findings in a large quantitative survey.
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Zaal, Frida. "Students’ Perception of their Reading and Writing Difficulties, School Experience and Future Aspirations : - A Cross-Cultural Qualitative Interview Study with Upper Secondary Students in Malta and Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415708.
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The main purpose of this study was to increase knowledge on the views of students with reading and writing difficulties when it comes to their perception of their difficulties, school experiences and future aspirations. The second aim was to increase knowledge about some differences and similarities between Malta and Sweden in the subject field. The research questions concerned students’ descriptions of their diagnostic processes, perception of their difficulties, strengths and coping strategies, school experience and future aspirations. A qualitative interview study was conducted with five Swedish and six Maltese upper secondary school students. The Ecological systems theory and Didactic theory together with previous research were used to analyse the results. To summarise the results, almost all of the students diagnosed with dyslexia showed a positive attitude towards having the report. The Maltese students described the absolute necessity of a diagnosis to receive support. No student in the study described having received support and structured phonological training as recommended by previous research. The students described a wide range of difficulties, strengths and coping strategies mainly in line with previous research. The importance of concentration when learning and taking tests was accentuated. Listening to a skilled teacher was emphasised as one of the best ways of learning, and the importance of willpower was highlighted. The students showed the importance of communicating with teachers, finding own methods, and make the most of one’s strengths to close the gaps in the areas in which one experiences difficulties. For all the Maltese students, private lessons have been a source of support, while none of the Swedish mentioned any private training. For the majority, both parents and a hobby played an important role when it comes to support and well-being. All students described school as difficult, but students’ experiences of school ranged from humiliating to somehow supportive. Some of the Maltese students described that they were afraid of being judged for using dyslexia as an excuse, while some of the Swedish students described they felt the right to support and adjustments. All students but one described that they had lowered their future aspirations due to their difficulties. All students seem to rely on their own strategies for school success. In the light of the theoretical framework – the Ecological systems theory, Didactic theory and previous research – the results could imply both a need for improving teachers’ literacy and didactic skills within the existing systems as well as a need for curriculum development and change of examinations systems.
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Radosteva, Alesya. "Cultural Consultations in Criminal Forensic Psychology:A Thematic Analysis of the Literature." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1536856667462656.
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Witheridge, Rebecca Elizabeth. "From Graceful Adaptations to Jarring Collisions: Oberlin Students’ Experiences Integrating Divergent Conceptions of Gender." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1277220494.
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Bril, Aleksandra. "Living in Place On the Globe: Analyzing Narrative and Opinion Responses of Sixteen Tropical Interviewees to Understand Environmental Realities." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/39.
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This undergraduate thesis analyzes the narrative and opinion responses of sixteen tropical interviewees to understand environmental realities and argue for the necessity of developing a deep connection to one's place in order to attain true sustainability. Trending themes that influenced this conclusion were: participant reproduction of stereotypes commonly attributed to tropical regions; the emergence of religious doctrine in descriptions of human's role in nature and spiritual depictions of interactions with the unbuilt environment; and explanations of extra-classroom environmental education. I argue that the best way to live sustainably on this planet is to integrate place-based environmental education that fosters both personal comfort with the natural world and a means to understand the global implications of individual actions.
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Nothnagel, Steffi. ""da hab ich wirklich drüber nachgedacht..." Die Erforschung interkulturellen Lernens anhand der Rekonstruktion kultureller Differenzerfahrungen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-173426.
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Die Themen Internationalisierung, internationale Mobilität und interkulturelles Lernen an Hochschulen, vor allem im Hinblick auf Studierende, haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten stetig an Bedeutung gewonnen. Dabei wurde und wird – oft implizit – davon ausgegangen, dass Studierende im Ausland interkulturell lernen und/oder im Anschluss an einen Auslandsaufenthalt interkulturell kompetenter sind. Und auch seitens der Studierenden ist das Entdecken und Erleben kultureller Unterschiede oft ein ausschlaggebender Faktor bei der Entscheidung für ein Auslandssemester. Dennoch ist fraglich, ob junge Erwachsene, die eine Zeitlang im Ausland leben – quasi automatisch – ‚interkulturell‘ lernen. Doch was soll oder kann ‚interkulturelles Lernen‘ eigentlich bedeuten und wie lässt es sich erforschen?
In kritischer Abgrenzung von gängigen pädagogischen und psychologischen Ansätzen interkulturellen Lernens, wird in dieser Arbeit auf eine präskriptive bzw. normative Bestimmung interkulturellen Lernens anhand des Lernziels ‚interkulturelle Kompetenz‘ verzichtet. Hingegen liegt der Fokus auf individuellen Veränderungen seitens der Studierenden, die sich aufgrund ihrer Auseinandersetzung mit kulturellen Differenzen und kulturellen Differenzerfahrungen empirisch rekonstruieren lassen. Die Grundlage dafür bildet eine qualitative Längsschnittstudie. Mittels narrativ-biografischer Interviews wurden 19 Studierende, die ein bis vier Semester unter anderem an einer französischen Universität studierten, zu vier verschiedenen Erhebungszeitpunkten (vor, während, am Ende und etwa 8 Monate nach dem Auslandsaufenthalt) offen zu ihrer Lebensgeschichte sowie zu ihren Erlebnissen und Erfahrungen während des Auslandsstudiums befragt.
Mit einem solchen Fokus geht es nicht mehr um das Überprüfen einer vom Wissenschaftler festzulegenden Zielerreichung oder -messung von aus dem Konstrukt ‚interkulturelle Kompetenz‘ abgeleiteten Komponenten, sondern um Fragen wie: Wie wird kulturelle Differenz in autobiografischen Erzählungen sprachlich markiert und inhaltlich konstruiert? Wie wird sie – narrativ, argumentativ und beschreibend – bearbeitet? Welche Funktionen erfüllt die je spezifische Bearbeitung kultureller Differenzerfahrung bzw. die Thematisierung kultureller Differenz? Und wie verändern sich die Bearbeitung kultureller Differenz und deren jeweilige Funktionen über die Befragungszeitpunkte hinweg?
Das zentrale Ergebnis dieser Arbeit ist ein Instrumentarium zur Rekonstruktion kultureller Differenzerfahrung(en) und damit zur datenbegründeten Rekonstruktion interkulturellen Lernens auf Basis von autobiografischen Erzählungen. So lässt sich – zumindest teilweise – zeigen, an welchen Orten, mit welchen Interaktionspartnern und im Zusammenhang mit welchen konkreten (wissensbasierten) Praxen die Studierenden kulturelle Differenzerfahrungen machen und wie sich die Bearbeitung kultureller Differenz(erfahrung) über die Befragungszeitpunkte hinweg ggf. verändert. Es werden datenbasiert entwickelte formal-sprachliche sowie inhaltliche Kategorien vorgestellt, mit deren Hilfe sich kulturelle Differenzerfahrung(en) und somit auch interkulturelles Lernen – nicht nur im Hinblick auf das Studieren in Frankreich, sondern durchaus auch darüber hinaus – rekonstruieren lassen, sowie typische und mögliche Umgangsweisen mit kultureller Differenz(erfahrung) aufgezeigt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen einerseits den Nutzen eines lebensgeschichtlichen Zugangs sowie des Panel-Designs, andererseits gewähren sie neue Einsichten in die Erforschung interkulturellen Lernens.
Die Arbeit bewegt sich mit ihren Fragestellungen und ihrem theoretisch-methodologisch-methodischen Ansatz an der Schnittstelle von Kulturpsychologie, Austauschforschung, interkultureller Kommunikationsforschung, Pädagogik und Biografieforschung und enthält dezidierte sprachwissenschaftliche Bezüge.
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Lee, Donggeol. "Culture shock : video interview project." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371470.
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This project is for Rinker Center for International Programs at Ball State University to provide useful information to international and American students. The project consists of ten video interviews with the director of Rinker Center for International Programs and nine international students presenting Ghana, France, Germany, Mexico, Brazil, Japan, China, Taiwan, and Turkey. Each interviewee provides cultural differences between American culture and their cultures. In addition, the interviewees tell their personal solutions for coping with cultural difficulties based on their experiences in the United States or different cultures. The director was given three questions and the nine international students were asked ten questions.Each video interview is categorized under country menus and question menus designed with Adobe Macromedia Flash 8 to be navigated by clicking each menu button on a computer.Department of Telecommunications
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Eriksson, Lisa. "Kulturkrockare eller Kommunikationskompetent? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om interkulturell kommunikation." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Social Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-8390.
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The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the implications and challenges of intercultural communication. An in-depth study was performed of the perspectives from people who work within an international organization. How they experience cultural differences and how they handle them, in particular when it comes to communication. Also, their perceptions of communicative competence were explored. The study was carried out at Svalorna India Bangladesh, at the Swedish office in Lund. Svalorna’s staff was interviewed on their experiences of intercultural communication. Both employees at the Swedish office and employees on location in India and Bangladesh were interviewed. The method used in the study was qualitative interviews where the interviewees could expand their answers fully as the interview developed. The main theory used was Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, presented in the thesis and considered in the study. It was concluded that being aware of cultural differences and having knowledge of other cultures but also your own is important for understanding the so-called non-verbal communication in an intercultural situation. There are also differences in to what extent a certain culture uses non-verbal communication. Both India and Bangladesh, according to the interviewees, are high context cultures whereas Sweden has a low context culture. All the interviewees had similar experiences when it comes to intercultural communication. A cultural difference in the perception of time is an example of when verbal communication can be inadequate, if one is not aware of cultural differences. Both India and Bangladesh use polychronic time whereas in Sweden monochromic time is used. This is indeed confirmed by all interviewees. Many of Hofstede’s cultural dimension theories are found to be coherent with the results of this study, for example the Individualism.
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Vatrapu, Ravikiran. "Culture and International Usability Testing:The Effects of Culture in Interviews." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35039.
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Designing global interfaces for users has always been a challenge. This challenge is even greater today with the current trend of globalization, which leads to highly diverse users of the same product. The global audiences for the software and information technology products belong to different countries, different religions, speak different languages, have different life styles, belong to different cultures and have different perceptions and expectations of the same product. A truly global product must inherently accommodate this diversity in order to be effective and successful. A major impediment is that there is very inadequate understanding of the role of culture in user interfaces and how they are built. This lack of understanding is further compounded by the fact that very little empirical work exists regarding the role of culture in usability testing. The objectives of this research are to study and empirically establish the effects of culture on the usability assessment technique of structured interviews.
A study was conducted to determine the effects of culture on Indian participants when structured interviews are used in usability testing. The experiment consisted of usability testing of two independent groups of Indian participants by two interviewers; one belonging to the Indian culture and the other to the Anglo-American culture. The findings from the study clearly demonstrate the effects of culture on structured interviews during international user testing. Participants found more usability problems and made more suggestions to the interviewer from their own culture than to the interviewer from a foreign culture. The results of the study prove that culture affects the efficacy of structured interviews during international user testing.Master of Science
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Rydhmer, Maria, and Isabelle Kraupp. "Att tala eller inte tala : En fallstudie om anställdas röst ur ett organisationskulturellt perspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-29450.
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Studien undersöker anställdas röst ur ett organisationskulturellt perspektiv. Anställdas röst avser den kommunikation som sker när en anställd är missnöjd med sin arbetssituation och vill förbättra sin egen och/eller organisationens välbefinnande. Det är på så vis viktigt för en organisations möjlighet till utveckling, vilket i sin tur är en central del för organisationer i dagens konkurrerande samhälle. Organisationskulturen har en stor inverkan på individers beteenden. Ofta undviker anställda att göra sin röst hörd vilket är ett problem som många inte känner till. Mer kompetens och forskning inom ämnet är därför viktigt. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med ÅF:s (Ångpanneföreningens) anställda, Carneys abstraktionsstege och Scheins kulturnivåer, undersöker vi hur en organisationskultur kan påverka anställdas röst. Studien utgår från tre frågeställningar där vi genom de två första urskiljer ÅF:s kulturnivåer och genom den sista svarar på hur ÅF:s organisationskultur främjar respektive hämmar anställdas röst. Resultatet visar att kulturnivåerna och deras interrelation indirekt och direkt påverkar anställdas röst. Om de är främjande och/eller hämmande beror på kulturens underliggande element. Kulturelement med positiv koppling till välvilja, prosocialt beteende och utveckling har visat sig vara viktiga främjande faktorer för anställdas röst. Kulturen visar sig även vara en viktig faktor i vad som anses vara tillräckligt relevant information för att göra sin röst hörd.The study examines employee voice from an organisational cultural perspective. Employee voice refers to the communication that occurs when an employee is dissatisfied with its work situation and wants to improve its own and/or the organisation's wellbeing. Employee voice is important for an organisation's potential for development, which in turn is central for organisations of today's competitive society. The organisational culture has a major impact on individuals' behaviour. Employees often avoid voice, which is a problem that many do not know. More expertise and research in the area is therefore important. Through qualitative interviews with ÅF’s (Ångpanneföreningen) employees, Carney’s abstraction ladder and Schein’s levels of culture, we investigate how an organisational culture influences employee voice. The study is based on three questions, where we through the first two discern ÅF’s cultural levels. The third question answers how ÅF’s organisational culture is promoting and/or inhibiting employee voice. The result shows that the cultural levels and their inter-relationship have indirect and direct effects on employee voice. The effect depends on the culture’s underlying elements. Cultural elements that positively links to kindliness, prosocial behaviour and development, have proven to promote employee voice. The culture also appears to have an effect on what information is considered relevant enough for employee voice.
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Hebbe, Emelie. "Jag vill bli kändis! : En intervjustudie om etablerade sångares syn på vilka kunskaper och färdigheter som krävs för att bli etablerad sångare." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för konstnärliga studier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-36215.
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Syftet med denna studie är att utforska vilka kunskaper och färdigheter några etable- rade sångare anser behövs för att sångare ska kunna bli etablerade och erkända. Studien utgår från sociokulturellt perspektiv och baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer med tre sång- are: En jazzsångerska, en operasångare och en popsångare. Samtliga tre informanter betraktas som etablerade och erkända inom sin respektive genre. I bakgrundskapitlet ges en beskrivning av hur musikbranschen ser ut på 2010-talet, vilka deltagare, arenor och maktfaktorer som existerar. Marknadsföring och personligt varumärke tas upp samt hur mental inställning beskrivs höra samman med framgång. Dessutom får läsaren en bild av på vilket sätt dagens musiklärarprogram ägnar sig åt undervisning i marknadsfö- ring, frilans- och branschkunskap. I resultatet framkommer att musikbranschen är en hård värld att vistas och verka i. Informanterna är därför eniga om att det krävs en trygg och speciell personlighet för att nå framgång. Dessutom krävs social kompetens och stark passion. En beskrivning ges av vilken nytta informanterna har haft av sin utbild- ning på vägen mot att bli etablerad sångare. De anser dock att det finns många brister i utbildningarna och att det alltså finns många förbättringsområden.The purpose of this study is to explore what knowledge and skills some established singers consider necessary for singers to become established and recognized. The study starts from a socio-cultural perspective and is based on qualitative interviews with three singers: a jazz singer, an opera singer and a pop singer. All three interviewees are regarded as established and recognized in their respective genres. In the background chapter a description is given of how the music industry appears in the 21st century – the participants, venues and power factors that exist. Marketing and personal image promotion are considered together with how the mental attitude is associated with success. In addition, the reader gets a picture of how today's music teacher programmes are dedicated to education in marketing, freelance and knowledge of the industry. It emerges from the results that the music industry is a hard world to live and work in. Those interviewed therefore are unanimous in the need for a secure and special type of personality to achieve success. In addition, social skills and a strong passion are indispensable. A description is given of what use those interviewed gained from their education, on the way to becoming established singers. They believe that there are many deficiencies in training today and that consequently there are many areas for improvement.
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Tomíšková, Tereza. "Pracovní spokojenost au-pair." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193773.
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The topic of the following diploma thesis is the explanation of the concept of job satisfaction while holding an au-pair position. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the job satisfaction young women (or men), who go abroad to work as au-pair, can feel. The first part of the analysis consists in a theoretical assessment of the mentioned topic, that is to say provide the reader with basic terminology and information about this area of domestic work; we will also sketch out the main factors influencing the most the feeling of satisfaction of au-pair workers. The second and more practical part will feature a description of different types of au-pair workers, including their rights and obligations. The research has been based on in-depth interviews and its aim was to provide detailed and insightful answers to the problematic mentioned above; thanks to the analysis and its gathered results, we have been able to point out the main issues and to suggest adequate and concrete solutions that could boost and increase job satisfaction in this profession.
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Nielsen, Sigurd Solhaug. "Negotiating nature on display– Discourse and ideology in naturalhistory museums." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Geografisk institutt, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25472.
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This thesis considers exhibitions in natural history museums as a process of negotiation between three parties: the museum as an institution, the museum staff, and the visitors. These represent different interests that shape exhibitions relating to nature. The thesis asks the following main question: In what way do discourses play a role in the staff’s work within natural history museums? The empirical sources are based on interviews conducted with staffmembers from eight different natural history museums: six in Austria and two in Norway. The interviews are analysed based on the principles of discourse psychology and critical discourse analysis. The theoretical framework is based on postmodernism as a reaction and countermovement to modernism. Kant’s theory of knowledge, the concept of representation and discourse theory are considered in relation to one another and form an ontological departure for the epistemology. The methodology combines critical discourse analysis and discourse psychology as applied to conversational text. The discourse analysis reveals different discourses concerning the museum as institution, professional museum staff, and the visitors. The thesis concludes that the museum as institution is characterised by a knowledge culture/tradition that was particularly substantiated during the Enlightenment. In turn, the knowledge tradition is characterised by discourse that places expectations regarding the procedures of the employee, but also through the visitors’ expectations as to what a museumis and what the exhibitions provide them with. The employees meet the museum understood as discourse through mainly three different strategies for how exhibitions should function. I call these strategies ‘action promotion’, ‘communication focus’ and ‘political context’. In this way, the identities and actions of the employees depend considerably on their personal relationship to the museum as a concept and discourse, as well as to the visitors’ presumptions, expectations and experiences concerning museums.Diese Master-Arbeit betrachtet die Ausstellung eines naturgeschichtlichen Museums als Ergebnis eines Verhandlungsprozesses zwischen drei Parteien mit unterschiedlichen Interessen: dem Museumspersonal, dem Museum als Institution sowie dem Publikum. Die Hauptfragestellung der Arbeit lautet: In welcher Weise spielen Diskurse in der Arbeit derwissenschaftlichen Angestellten naturgeschichtlicher Museen eine Rolle? Der theoretische Rahmen der Arbeit basiert auf dem Postmodernismus als einer Reaktion auf und Gegenbewegung zum Modernismus. Kants Erkenntnistheorie, das Konzept der Repräsentation sowie die Diskurstheorie bilden zusammen die ontologische Grundlage der Epistemologie. Die Methodologie kombiniert gesprächsbezogene kritische Diskursanalyse und Diskurspsychologie. Das empirische Material besteht aus Interviews mit wissenschaftlichen Angestellten acht naturgeschichtlicher Museen, davon sechs in Österreich und zwei in Norwegen. Die Diskursanalyse deckt unterschiedliche Diskurse hinsichtlich des Museums als Institution, der wissenschaftlichen Angestellten sowie des Publikums auf. Die Arbeit schlussfolgert, dass das Museum als Institution von einer Wissenskultur gekennzeichnet ist, die insbesondere in der Zeit der Aufklärung begründet ist. Diese Kultur ist insofern diskursgeprägt, als dass sie bestimmte Erwartungen an die Arbeit des Museumspersonals beinhaltet, aber auch durch die Erwartungen des Publikums an ein Museum und seine Ausstellungen. Die Angestellten nähern sich dem Museum als Diskurs, in dem sie hauptsächlich drei verschiedene Strategien im Hinblick auf die Funktion von Ausstellungen verfolgen: Inspiration zu eigenständigem Handeln (”Handlungspromotion”),auf das Publikum zugeschnittene Kommunikation (”Kommunikationsfokus”) sowie Einbeziehung politischen Kontexts. Insofern hängen Identität und Handeln der Angestellten stark von ihrer persönlichen Beziehung zum Museum als Konzept und Diskurs ab, ebenso wie von ihren Annahmen bezüglich der Erwartungen des Publikums und dessen Erfahrungen mit Museen.
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Nilsson, Annelie. "Att möjliggöra kommunikation för elever med autism : En studie gjord i grundsärskolan." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-43015.
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The purpose of this study is to highlight how some teachers in the compulsory school for learning disabilities describe how they enable communication for pupils with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities. The study is a qualitative study based on two group interviews with three informants in each group. The informants are all working in the compulsory school for pupils with learning disabilities. The empirical data has been analyzed from a socio-cultural perspective, focusing on the concepts of mediation, appropriation, proximal development zone and scaffolding. The result shows that the teachers enable communication for students with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities in various ways, especially with visual support and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) tools. The study shows that it is important to have knowledge about autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability and how the disabilities affect communication with the pupils. My hope is that this study can contribute with knowledge of how communication is made possible for pupils with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities.Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur några pedagoger i grundsärskolan inriktning träningsskola beskriver hur de möjliggör kommunikation för elever med autismspektrumtillstånd och intellektuell funktionsnedsättning. Studien är en kvalitativ undersökning som bygger på två gruppintervjuer med tre informanter i varje grupp. Informanterna arbetar alla i grundsärskolan inriktning träningsskola. Empirin har analyserats ur ett sociokulturellt perspektiv med fokus på begreppen mediering, appropriering, proximala utvecklingszonen och scaffolding. Resultatet visar att pedagogerna möjliggör kommunikation för elever med autismspektrumtillstånd och intellektuell funktionsnedsättning på olika sätt, framför allt med visuellt stöd och alternativ kompletterande kommunikation (AKK) hjälpmedel. I studien framgår att det är viktigt att ha kunskap kring autismspektrumtillstånd och intellektuell funktionsnedsättning och hur funktionsnedsättningarna påverkar kommunikationen hos eleverna. Min förhoppning är att denna studie kan bidra med kunskap kring hur kommunikation möjliggörs för elever med autismspektrumtillstånd och intellektuell funktionsnedsättning.
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Jonsson, Karin. "Folkbibliotekets identitet : Med avseende på dess roller, värden och bibliotekarierollen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323732.
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This thesis aims to study how librarians perceive the identity of the public library. This is done by focusing on how librarians perceive the library’s roles, values, and the role of the librarian. One of the analytical tools used to illustrate this complexity is theories on underlying values and identity perceptions in organizations. The method is semi structured qualitative interviews with public librarians. An initial method to structure the empirical data consists of a phenomenographic approach. The findings show that the overall purpose of the library is to promote a democratic society where all citizens are equally valued. In order to do this the library needs to fulfill three main roles and some values. The main roles of the public library are to promote the availability of information, literature, and to be an open room for meetings. The values are to promote participation, critical thinking, and empathy among library users as well as to confirm users socially. The library’s resourses and services are valued for providng quality, variety, non-comersial intrests, and new perspectives. Furthermore, two basic values are to enrich people, eliminate inequalities, and by doing so promote human equality. The role of the librarian is to make sure that the resources and services of the library meet the criteria of all these roles and values. The librarian thus acts as an intermediary between these roles and values and the needs of the users and is therefore an important part of the library’s identity. The roles, values and the role of the librarian that make up this identity are presented in a model. The study shows that any activity, meeting or recourse that goes against any of the roles or values might be seen as a threat against the library. Another finding is that perceptions of a limitless role of the librarian could also be considered a threat against the library’s identity. This is a two year master’s thesis in Library and Information Sciense.
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Ocampo, Falcon Diana Vanessa, Tapia José Sebastián Loaiza, and Castillo Alfredo Junior Torres. "The challenges of globalization in its relationship with Law Interview with Dr. Gorki Yuri Gonzales Mantilla." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118872.
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In this interview, Dr. Gorki Gonzales analyzes the great impact that globalization has had in relation to the Law as its instrument, since it affects the legal system of each society in a different way when restructuring it. This situation has brought with it both positive and negative aspects and lawyers are important figures within this change because they have a power of influence in the members of the society as far as the legislative matter is concerned.En esta entrevista, el Dr. Gorki Gonzales analiza el gran impacto que ha tenido la globalización en relación al Derecho como su instrumento, pues esta afecta el sistema legal de cada sociedad manera distinta al reestructurarlo. Esta situación ha traído consigo tanto aspectos positivos como negativos y los abogados son figuras importantes dentro de este cambio pues tienen un poder de influencia en los miembros de la sociedad en lo que a materia legislativa respecta.
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Hansson, Maria. "Subjektiva tolkningar av subjektiva skrivningar : En intervjustudie om sånglärares uppfattningar om och kommunikation av betygskriterier i sång på gymnasiet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för konstnärliga studier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37119.
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Syftet är att undersöka sånglärares uppfattningar om och kommunikation av betygskriterier i sång på gymnasieskolans estetiska program. I bakgrundskapitlet presenteras litteratur och forskning kring begrepp som är centrala för studien. Det har ännu inte publicerats någon forskning om de betygskriterier som i föreliggande studie utgörs av de subjektiva skrivningarna ”personligt uttryck” och ”tillfredsställande musikaliskt resultat”. I arbetet har kvalitativa intervjuer använts som forskningsmetod. Intervjuer gjordes med tre sånglärare som har betygsatt elever enligt de betygskriterier som står i fokus för denna studie. Resultatet pekar på att personligt uttryck kan vara individens personliga uttryck, det uttryck vi har genom att bara vara människa, men i en förhöjd form. Det kan också handla om interpretation. Vidare visar resultatet på att musikaliskt tillfredsställande resultat nås genom grundläggande gehör och formkänsla. Sånglärarna förmedlar betygskriterierna och de kvalitetskrav som följer framförallt genom betygssamtal med eleven. Alla sånglärare betonar även elevens självständighet och egen drivkraft som förtsättningar för att nå högsta betyg. I diskussionskapitlet jämförs studiens resultat med de teorier och den tidigare forskning som presenterats i bakgrundskapitlet. Avslutningsvis förs diskussioner kring arbetets betydelse och fortsatt forskning inom området.The purpose is to investigate vocal teachers’ perceptions and communication of the assessment criteria in singing at aesthetic programs in high school. The background chapter presents concepts that are central to the study. It has not yet been published any research on the rating criteria which in the present study consists of the subjective wordings "self-expression" and "musically satisfying results". Qualitative interviews are used as a research method. Interviews were conducted with three singing teachers who rated students according to the rating criteria which are the focus of this study. The results indicate that self-expression may be the individual's personal expression, the expression we have just by being human, but in an enhanced form. It may also involve interpretation. Furthermore, the result shows that musically satisfying results is reached by basic hearing and sense of form. The singing teachers convey rating criteria and the quality mostly by grading conversation with the student. All singing teacher also emphasizes the student's autonomy and its own momentum continuations to achieve the highest rating. The discussion section compares the results of the study of the theories and previous research presented in the background section. Finally, discussions are underway about the importance of the study and continued research in the area
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Thompson, Megan Jennifer. "Improving Family-provider Relationships Through Cultural Training and Open-ended Client Interviews." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115170/.
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Behavior analysts form parent-professional relationships with families of many different backgrounds. the study evaluated the effectiveness of a training program to teach behavior analysts to utilize an open family interview format. the study was conducted at an autism treatment program. a pre-post treatment design with in vivo simulation probes before and after training was used to assess the effects of the workshop on the participants and parents’ verbal behavior. Results showed that rate of questions per minute and number of closed-ended questions decreased after training, the duration of interviews decreased after training, the number of closed-ended questions significantly decreased after training, and frequency of the discussion topic of child goals increased after training. in general, interviewer responses varied. Preliminary data and parent questionnaire responses suggested parents were comfortable with the new interview format and felt the behavior analyst understood cultural and family needs.
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Lahoual, Dounia. "Conceptualiser les activités constructives et le développement du sujet capable : le cas de la médiation à l'art orientée jeune public dans un musée d'art moderne et contemporain." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080098.
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Au coeur des problématiques culturelles récentes, les institutions muséales portent un projet de démocratisation culturelle visant la mise en accessibilité de l’art et de l’environnement muséal à une diversité de publics. Appuyée par la loi française de 2002 relative aux musées, ce projet est d'autant plus accentué à destination des enfants et des adolescents avec la mise en place d'une médiation culturelle et d'une diversité d'offres muséales spécifiques. Considéré comme le visiteur de demain, ce jeune public cristallise un ensemble d'attentes et de questionnements auprès des institutions culturelles en termes de connaissance du public, et de leviers pour la fréquentation, la fidélisation de ces espaces et l’accessibilité à l’art. Ces lieux de médiation culturelle représentent une opportunité pour suivre le parcours des visiteurs et comprendre les diverses dynamiques subjectives à l'oeuvre à travers diverses configurations tout en mobilisant le prisme de l'ergonomie : des rencontres avec les oeuvres en situation de visite d'une part, et des activités de création plastiques et narratives en situation d'atelier d'autre part. L'analyse de l'activité dans ces situations constituera une portée d'entrée privilégiée pour explorer et alimenter notre compréhension des traces des activités constructives et du développement afin de les conceptualiser. Ces contributions empiriques et épistémiques permettront de concevoir un ensemble de ressources et d'offres de médiation culturelle adaptées aux activités du jeune public et aux professionnels de la médiationAt the heart of recent cultural issues, museum institutions implement a cultural democratization project promoting art and museum spaces accessibility to a diversity of audiences. Based on France’s law on museums from 2002, this project is focusing on children and teenagers thanks to the creation of cultural mediation and specific museum offers. Regarded as the visitor of tomorrow, this young audience generates to museums a set of expectations and questionings regarding visitor knowledge, tools for increasing attendance, loyalty and art accessibility. These cultural mediation spaces become an opportunity for tracking visitors' journey and understanding intrinsic points of views. We will study various situations throughout the prism of Ergonomics by highlighting encounters with works of art during a guided tour on one hand, plastic and narratives creation during workshops on the other hand. Activity analysis will be an effective way for exploring and improving our understanding of traces of constructive activities and development in order to conceptualize them. These empirical and theoretical contributions will help developing appropriate resources of cultural mediation offers to young audiences and mediation professionals
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Torrence, Robert E. "Constructing a culturally appropriate approach to evangelism using the ethnographic interview." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1988. http://www.tren.com.
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Josefsson, Alicia, and Alva Sandberg. "Den "ljusa" och "mörka" rapmusiken : En samtalsanalytisk fallstudie av interaktionen i talkshowen Malou Efter Tio." Thesis, Jönköping University, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52044.
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Följande studie utforskar hur kulturella stereotyper framställs genom interaktionen under två separata intervjuer i talkshowen Malou Efter Tio. Programledaren Malou von Sivers har fått kritik för hur hon intervjuar två rapartister med skilda kulturella bakgrunder. Greekazo som associeras med minoritetsbefolkningen och Einár som associeras med majoritetsbefolkningen. Studien undersöker och jämför interaktionerna i de två intervjuerna utifrån teorierna samtalsanalys, intersektionalitet och olika koncept för representation i media. Analysen genomförs med samtalsanalys som metod och utgår från två separata transkriberingar av materialet. Resultatet visar att Malou von Sivers samspel med de två gästerna skiljer sig, där båda intervjuerna formar stereotypa uppfattningar kring rappgenren. Genom slutdiskussionen förs en diskussion om att det sker en problematisk representation av båda rapartisterna. Framför allt eftersom det upprättas en skillnad mellan rapartisterna genom intervjuerna då de tillskrivs olika egenskaper som baseras på deras etniska tillhörighet. Detta visar på starka maktrelationer som existerar i talkshowen och också på hur ojämlikhet som finns i samhället uppkommer i programmet. Utifrån vårt resultat kan vår studie synliggöra och uppmärksamma hur samtalsstrukturen i den här talkshowen flätas samman med maktstrukturen i vårt samhälle.The following study examines how cultural stereotypes are reproduced through the interaction during two separate interviews from the talk show Malou Efter Tio. The host Malou von Sivers has been criticized for how she is interviewing two rap artists with different cultural backgrounds. Greekazo, associated with the minority population and Einár, associated with the majority population. The study examines and compare the two interviews based on the theories conversation analysis, intersectionality and several concept of representation in media. Conversation analysis is also used as a method and the analyzation is based on two separate transcriptions of the material. The results showed that Malou von Sivers interplay between two guests were different, however both interviews reproduce stereotypical perceptions about the rap genre. Furthermore, the results are discussed which shows that both representations of the rap artist are problematic. Especially since a difference is established between the rap artists through the interviews as they are attributed different characteristics based on their ethnicity. This shows the strong power relations that exist in the talk show and also how inequality that exist in our society arises in the program. Based on our results, our study exposes and pays attention to how the conversational structure of this talk show is intertwined with the power structure in our society.
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Cortesão, Maria João de Castro Cunha Almeida. "Intervir na cidade monumental. Complementaridade dos dois pólos monumentais com o Tejo." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2887.
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Tese de Mestrado em Arquitectura, especialização em Gestão UrbanísticaO trabalho tem por base a busca de uma definição abrangente de Área Monumental. Compreender como se constitui, desenvolve e sobretudo como se atinge esse estatuto, tendo por objectivo a aplicação dos conhecimentos numa proposta de projecto integrado de ordenamento da Área Monumental Belém/Ajuda e projecto para um novo Museu dos Coches. A temática da monumentalidade, aplicada às Cidades, define questões pertinentes e actuais. As Áreas Monumentais definem-se por diversos factores, entre eles, factores históricos, religiosos, paisagísticos, funcionais e morfológicos. Depois, procedeu-se à aplicação desses conhecimentos à cidade de Lisboa. A Área Monumental escolhida foi Belém-Ajuda, um conjunto que se destaca pela sua relevante história ligada aos Descobrimentos e um inegável centro de poder. A questão base que se procura resolver é o problema da ligação da cidade ao rio e a recuperação de uma memória perdida. Posteriormente elaborou-se a definição do Modelo de Ordenamento que permite o trabalho desde a escala global até ao contexto da Área Monumental. A concepção de dois enfoques seleccionados que representam a proposta e a temática do trabalho. Por último, a criação de um equipamento museológico e respectivo espaço público, com a intenção de valorizar a temática em questão. Devolver aos cidadãos e visitantes esta Área monumental tão importante, cheia de qualidades e de valor, que contribuem para uma verdadeira representação da imagem da Cidade de Lisboa
The work is based on finding a comprehensive definition of Monumental Area. Understanding how it is, especially as it develops and reaches that status, with the aim of applying knowledge in a proposal for the integrated planning of Monumental Area Belém/Ajuda and design a new Museum of Coach. The theme of monumentality, applied to cities, defines the relevant issues and current. Monumental Areas are defined by several factors, among them historical factors, religious, scenery, and functional morphology. Then we proceeded to apply that knowledge to Lisbon. The area was chosen Monumental Bethlehem-Help, a group that stands out for its important history linked to the Discovery Center and an undeniable power. The basic question being addressed is the problem of connecting the city to the river and the recovery of a lost memory. Subsequently developed the definition of the Model Ordinance that allows the work from the global to the context of the Monumental Area. The design of two approaches that represent the selected proposal and conceptions. Finally, the creation of an equipment museum and its public space, with the intention of highlighting the issue in question. Return to citizens and visitors to this area as important monumental, full of quality and value, contributing to a true representation of the image of the city of Lisbon.
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Salvan, Laura <1981>. "Cultural Responsibility. Small steps to restore anthropology in economic behaviour. Interviews and best practices." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2624.
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Il presente lavoro di ricerca riflette sul concetto di Responsabilità Culturale (RC), che coniuga i due termini di responsabilità e cultura.
Responsabilità è il dovere etico di garantire tanto alle generazioni presenti quanto a quelle future la possibilità di soddisfare i propri bisogni, le proprie aspirazioni, e di vivere le vite che hanno ragione di apprezzare.
Cultura in senso antropologico considera gli individui come sistemi di credenze, simboli, spiritualità, immaginazione e razionalità che permette loro di rappresentare il mondo che li circonda all’interno dei diversi contesti di socializzazione in cui sono inseriti.
RC è un atteggiamento responsabile nei confronti delle diverse espressioni culturali.
La riflessione si colloca all’interno di una società caratterizzata dalla globalizzazione e dalla diffusione della knowledge economy, che esige un dialogo interculturale ed un atteggiamento di rispetto nei confronti della diversità culturale.
La discussione è strettamente collegata ed arricchita dalla pratica della Responsabilità Sociale d’Impresa (RSI). Si potrebbe affermare che la RC è un’implicazione della RSI nel momento in cui si pone lo sviluppo culturale degli individui quale fine primario di ogni comportamento economico.
Un atteggiamento che ha come immediata conseguenza la costruzione di un contesto sociale inclusivo, rispettoso dei sistemi di riferimento degli individui e delle comunità.
Tutto ciò è quanto emerge sia da interviste condotte ad alcuni rilevanti operatori culturali, sia da significative buone prassi di organizzazioni di produzione culturale, che fanno della democrazia culturale, dell’opportunità di accesso, partecipazione e rappresentazione di tutti i cittadini, la loro ragion d’esistere.
Fondare il comportamento economico moderno sull’antropologia, attraverso forme di cooperazione sociale, potrebbe essere una delle possibili vie di uscita dalla crisi che stiamo vivendo.
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Fee, Margery. "From Discomfort to Enlightenment: An Interview with Lee Maracle." Essays on Canadian Writing, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11672.
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Shihadeh, Sheren Iskandar. "Social and Cultural Integration Process Among Syrian Refugees in the United States." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/425.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the cultural and social integration process among Syrian refugees in the United States, and to what extent the direct and indirect challenges have played a role in the process of their social and cultural integration. The challenges include, but are not limited to, cultural conflicts, religious values, stereotypes, and English language proficiency. In order to investigate my research questions, interviews as a research methodology were used as a theoretical framework for this project to collect and analyze data. I conducted semi-structured interviews with ten Syrian refugees who currently live in the United States. These interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed in full in both Arabic and English by me. My data analysis investigated what the interviewees indicated about their processes of social and cultural integration in the United States’ society as refugees. Specific extracts were chosen because they served as rich materials to analyze and provide answers to questions in this paper.
Findings indicated that Syrian refugees needed to overcome significant personal, social, linguistic, and psychological barriers and challenges in order to integrate socially and culturally in the United States’ society. Results showed that participants in this study adopted various “acculturation strategies”. Only three out of ten were socially and culturally integrated. However, acculturation strategies adopted by participants are dynamic and changeable overtime, so further longitudinal study is needed to examine their integration processes over a longer time.
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Al-Owaidi, Muhtaram. "Investigating speech acts in English and Arabic short news interviews : a cross-cultural pragmatic study." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2018. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34754/.
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In the last three decades, Speech Act Theory has been displaced from the spotlight of pragmatic research and relegated to the back seat of this field. This has been the case despite the potential this theory still has to serve pragmatic research. This study is an attempt to revive and develop speech act theory by means of applying it to interactive naturally-occurring discourse proposing a number of different types of speech act and incorporating into analysis a wider range of pragmatic IFIDs. The main purpose of the study is to: (1) investigate speech acts in interaction and find out which 'illocutionary force indicating devices (IFIDs) are used to identify speech acts in an interactive context, and (2) compare the investigated speech acts and IFIDs cross-culturally between English and Arabic. Regarding data, the study investigated 12 English and Arabic short news interviews (six each). Some of these were video-recorded live from BBC and Sky news channels (English dataset) and Al-Arabiya, Sky news Arabia and Al-Wataniya channels (Arabic dataset). Other interviews were downloaded from YouTube. Two topics were the focus of these interviews: (1) the immigration crisis in 2015 (six English and Arabic interviews), and (2) the Iranian nuclear deal in 2015 (six English and Arabic interviews). The study investigated the two datasets to find which speech acts are used in short news interviews and what interactional IFIDs are used to identify them. Results show that many different speech acts are used in news interviews — the study counted 48 individual speech acts in the analysed interviews. However, it was found that a mere itemizing and classification of speech acts in the classical sense (Austin‘s and Searle‘s classifications) was not enough. In addition, the study identifies various new types of speech acts according to the role they play in the ongoing discourse. The first type is termed turn speech acts‘. These are speech acts which have special status in the turn they occur in and are of two subtypes: 'main act' and 'overall speech act'. The second type is 'interactional acts'. These are speech acts which are named in relation to other speech acts in the same exchange. The third type is ̳superior speech acts‘. These are superordinate speech acts with the performance of which other subordinate (inferior) speech acts are performed as well. The study also found three different types of utterances vis-à-vis the speech acts they perform. These are 'single utterance' (which performs a single speech act only), 'double-edged utterance' (which performs two speech acts concurrently) and 'Fala utterance' (which performs three speech acts together). As for IFIDs, the study found that several already-established pragmatic concepts can help identify speech acts in interaction. These are Adjacency Pair, Activity Type, Cooperative Principle, Politeness Principle, Facework, Context (Co-utterance and Pragmalinguistic cues). These devices are new additions to Searle‘s original list of IFIDs. Furthermore, they are expanding this concept as they include a type of IFID different from the original ones. Finally, the study has found no significant differences between English and Arabic news interviews as regards speech acts (types), utterance types and the analysed IFIDs. The study attracts attention to Speech Act Theory and encourages further involvement of this theory in other genres of interactive discourse (e.g., long interviews, chat shows, written internet chat, etc.). It also encourages further exploration of the different types of speech acts and utterances discussed in this study as well as probing the currently-investigated and other IFIDs. It is hoped that by returning to the core insight of SAT (i.e., that language-in-use does things) and at the same time freeing it from its pragmalinguistic shackles, its value can be seen more clearly.
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Rivera, Yvette. "Analyzing Young Readers' Empathetic Responses to a Mexican American Historical Narrative." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6637.
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Empathy and cultural understanding of groups that are marginalized due to religious, ethnic or sexual background is essential for peace in schools, neighborhoods, and society at large. Literacy classrooms can be a safe environment in which students can develop their own understandings and empathies. Although worthwhile, much of the research lacks details of student reactions to the people and cultures read about in historical narratives, as well as a focus on pedagogical practices that could give students a deep understanding of the culture. This study analyzed the empathetic responses of 13 sixth grade students to themes presented in a Mexican American narrative text, The Circuit. The purpose of this study was to understand the nature of student empathy and how empathetic responses reflect a rich historical and visual context. Key data sources of this interpretive study included large group discussions, small group discussions, written journal responses, and interviews. The results of this study indicated that students' empathetic responses are varied and complex and seem to reflect familiarity with topics in the text and personal background. Minimizing the cognitive demand of cultural content seemed to be a key pedagogical factor in helping students reach deeper levels of empathy. Suggestions are given for educators looking to teach empathy through cultural texts. Possible areas of research are recommended.
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Eisenbraun, Joyce Hagen. "Interviews with Geriatric Nurses: Perceptions of Culture Change as Message Strategy." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28704.
Full textAbstract:
There is a shortage of nurses to provide care in geriatric settings. About one-third of longterm care organizations have adopted a resident-first philosophy, also known as ?culture change,? to address quality of care and staff working conditions. Through a phenomenological interview approach with two unique samples, this study uses an inductive means to explore nurses? perceptions of a particular culture change philosophy known as the Eden Alternative. To better understand and explore the needs expressed by the nurses, the research uses Taylor?s Six- Segment Message Strategy Wheel as the analysis framework, since it identifies both the emotional/social and rational/logic elements that are used in making decisions. The Strategy Wheel framework allows exploration of participant perceptions to determine if culture change would be a useful message strategy to attract needed long-term care nurses.
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Defoe, Tracy A. "English as a second language teachers and culture : an interview study of role perceptions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26392.
Full textAbstract:
Culture - how do ESL instructors deal with it? This document reports on an interview study into the intercultural role perceptions of a group of ESL teachers of adult learners. Thirty-five ESL instructors in general, vocational and academic preparation programs at a community college in Vancouver, Canada were interviewed in the spring of 1985. The objectives of the project were 1) to provide an account of ESL instructors' perceptions of their role as mediators of culture 2) to arrive at an analysis of their viewpoints taking into account the type of program, the crosscultural experience of the teachers, and their definitions of their roles in teaching and interpreting North American culture to immigrant adults in their classes. The research method focussed on ethnographic interviews aimed at recording the cultural aspects of the individual ESL teacher's work from his or her own point of view. Analysis of the findings identified a range of viewpoints regarding the role dimensions of 'being an example,' 'explaining and interpreting,' 'teaching interculturally,' and 'listening and helping - being a friend.' Differences on some role dimensions were found between informants from different programs and between informants with different cultural reference groups. Many informants reported an instrumental orientation to culture teaching.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate