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Nyarambi, Arnold. "Cultural Influences on Behavior: Culturally Responsive Behavior Management." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8237.
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Wang, Hui. "Cultural Influences on Toy Design." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1406810905.
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Lindborg, Alexander, and Anna-Carin Ohlsson. "Cross-cultural business negotiations : how cultural intelligence influences the business negotiation process." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-5833.
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Over the last 30 years, technology has made it possible for people to travel to other cultures in a cheaper and more efficient way. The increased traveling has made it possible for an increase in trade and as the trade flourishes the need for people that can handle the differences between the cultures in the world increase. Some people handle cross-cultural negotiations better than others; we want to know how Cultural Intelligence influences The Business Negotiation Process.
To find out how Cultural Intelligence influences The Business Negotiation Process we choose to conduct qualitative interviews with a few Swedish companies that have experiences of cross-cultural negotiations with China.
The findings indicate that Cultural Intelligence influences The Business Negotiation Process by different factors such as engagement, communication and understanding. The greater engagement and understanding the negotiator has of the different parts the more likely it is that the business negotiation process will have a positive outcome.
We studied as much literature as we could find about cultural intelligence and the business negotiation process. Out of our findings, we build a model, and this gave the opportunity to test the different parts of the model in our research.
Our contributions to the field are foremost the discovery of the two new dimensions: Structure and Power Dependency that can be added to both Cultural intelligence and The Business Negotiation Process. In future research, these two dimensions can be further researched and developed. In our research, statements from our respondents create a small practical guideline for cross-cultural business negotiations with China. The negotiators might have use for this guideline when negotiating with Chinese companies.
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Lee, Judy M. Y. "Culture, identity, and education : an exploration of cultural influences on academic achievement." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22404.
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Cultural influences on educational achievement were explored in this study of Chinese university students. Academic choices, goals, and performance in relation to family background, ethnic identity, and cultural socialization were ascertained through semi-structure interviews and questionnaires. The sample of thirty-two McGill University students represented a cross section of majors, and were selected into groups based on length of residency in Canada. Data from university records, which showed the evolution of Chinese enrollment and achievement patterns over the last three decades, provided the historical context for the interviews. Major themes regarding family and ethnic identity emerged which suggest that educational ambitions may be socioeconomically motivated, and rooted in an ethnic minority's aspiration for upward mobility. However, the key facilitator of educational success is a strong home background and family system, which was able to promote and enforce a single-minded pursuit of education.
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Nyarambi, Arnold, and E. Ntuli. "Cultural Influences on Young Children’s Behavior: Culturally Responsive Teaching and Learning and Behavior Management." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8263.
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Armstrong-Romero, Kyla A. "Cultural influences and the impact of workplace bullying." Thesis, Capella University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10253570.
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Workplace bullying is a topic that impacts many people in many different disciplines. Research has shown that workplace bullying affects upwards of half of all workers during their work histories, and once it becomes an entrenched pattern, targets, witnesses, and human resource managers, alike, face difficulties in effectively addressing or abating the issue. This quantitative study used a non-experimental design to explore whether there was any relationship between the following variables: minority status, acculturation, workplace satisfaction, perceived bullying, and perceived acculturation. Learned helplessness theory and minority stress theory were the theoretical foundations utilized to investigate workplace bullying and the role of culture. The General and Racial/Ethnic Bullying Scale, The Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R), and the Stephenson Multigroup Acculturation Scale (SMAS) were used to measure participant’s experiences. The results revealed that workplace bullying had been experienced by both minority and non-minority individuals; however, the assumption that minorities are at a greater risk for workplace bullying than non-minorities could not be substantiated by the data.
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Kosak, Paul D. "Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and cultural influences in collaborative composition." Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/11108.
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Thesis (D.M.A.)--Boston UniversityThe purpose of this multiple case study was to observe sociocultural influences in collaborative music composition. The research questions of the study examined sociocultural influences through three perspectives: the intrapersonal-interpersonal influence, the interpersonal-cultural influence, and the intrapersonal-cultural influence. Eight participants were selected to take part in five unstructured composition activities during which they were instructed to compose and perform an original piece of music. Three of the activities were completed in collaborative groups. Two were completed individually. Data were collected over a two-month period through observations, interviews, focus groups, and video recall. Five cases were then selected for within-case analysis: two of the cases examined the individual compositional activity of two target composers and the other three cases studied collaborative groups. A cross-case analysis revealed ten salient themes: influence of external cultures (family, peers, teachers, and intended audience), perceptions of acceptable work, persistence in task completion, emergence of musical voice, compatibility, assumed roles within the group, guidance of holistic perception, task structure and flow, extended breaks, and inclusion. The final chapter discusses the study's implications for music educators and makes suggestions for further research.
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Shang, Ziyuan. "Cultural Influences on Emotional Expression in Virtual Communication." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1272.
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Research has consistently demonstrated the influences of cultural orientation (Individualism/collectivism) on emotional expression when interacting with in-groups and out-groups members in face-to-face communication (e.g., Eid & Diener, 2001; Matsumoto et al., 2008; Safdar et al., 2009). The purpose of the proposed study is to investigate whether the same pattern exists in virtual communication, especially in instant text messaging. Using a mixed design, an online self-report questionnaire measuring Individualism/Collectivism and intensity of emotional expression of both positive and negative emotions will be given to a sample of 788 college students. Several universal effects are predicted, including greater emotion expression toward in-groups versus out-groups, greater overall expressivity for people with a high individualism score, and greater expressivity for positive emotions than negative emotions. It is further predicted that people with high individualism score will express more negative emotions to their in-groups, while people with high collectivism score will express more positive emotions. Lastly, it is predicted that when interacting with out-groups, people with a high individualism score will express more positive emotions, while people with high collectivism score will express more negative emotions. Implications for cultural orientation and emotion expression are discussed.
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Briones, Ervin. "Social and cultural influences in the formation of identity: a cross-national/cultural study." FIU Digital Commons, 1997. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1886.
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This multi-site, multi-ethnic/cultural study examined the effects of variation between ethnic/cultural groups and the effects of institutional variation within ethnic/cultural groups on identity formation. The participants were 892 late adolescent college students from six sites in 5 countries (Brazil, China, Costa Rica, US, and Sweden) representing different linguistic and ethnic/cultural traditions living in the context of varied social conditions. As hypothesized, there were significant differences in the proportion of identity statuses between sites in the Personal domain, X2(20, N=858)= 164.78, p2(20, N=858)= 145.69, p2(20, N=858)= 120.89, p
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Yi, Xinfa [Verfasser]. "Creativity, efficacy and their organizational, cultural influences / Xinfa Yi." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/102316986X/34.
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Cheung, Po-tin Erik, and 張步田. "Cultural influences on attitudes towards mental illness in Asia." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26813749.
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Morakul, Supitcha. "Cultural Influences on the ABC Implementation Under Thailand's Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279207/.
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Scheidker, Barbara Eileen. "Cultural influences on the piano music of Les Six /." Ann Arbor : UMI, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37103425p.
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Oner, Asli. "Integration of local cultural values in global hotel design." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1273162.
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In the earlier stages of globalization, global chain hotel design did not have specific concerns about local culture and host country. In the last two decades, these hotels became more respectful towards the local culture by integrating local cultural elements and construction techniques in their design. The reasons for this shift is directly linked with globalization, increased competition between cities, fierce competition between urban hotels, and changing demands of the global travelers.Among the hotels integrating local cultural values, there is a specific niche that has established their businesses in historical landmark buildings. This thesis will demonstrate the presence of this specific hotel niche through case studies conducted in London and Istanbul. It will examine how the integration of local cultural values may improve the competiveness of global chain hotels. The focus will be on integration of historic cultural values.Department of Architecture
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Nicol, David Michael. "Cultural influences on trust orientation : implications for international business relationships /." Ann Arbor, MI : UMI Dissertation Services, 1994. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00089864.pdf.
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Aguada, José Antonio. "Cultural influences : visual traces of the Cuban community in Hialeah." FIU Digital Commons, 2005. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1212.
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This thesis examines specific changes and modifications made to the domestic architecture of Hialeah that relate to the construction of cultural identity. Much of the study is based upon oral histories from twelve (12) Cuban immigrants now residing in Hialeah, focusing on their renovated houses as architectural responses to cultural and social changes in their community and family life.
The research focused specifically on those renovations that transformed standard developers' houses into the "Cuban" home. A shared theme was the creation of additions, where the point of connections between the existing and the new structures as well as how these expansions created courtyards, became important to the study.
The design project is an addition to John F. Kennedy Library located on Henry L. Milander Park, which includes new computer areas and gallery spaces connecting the past and the present with Cubans in Hialeah and all over the world-connecting identities.
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Makhoul, Bashir Wadia. "Contemporary Palestinian art : an analysis of cultural and political influences." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260076.
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McAuley, James Henry. "Cultural influences on low back pain : extending the biopsychosocial model." Thesis, Brunel University, 2001. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5432.
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The present investigation examined the influence of cultural factors on Low Back Pain (LBP). Multiple regression techniques were used to determine the relative importance of clinical, social and psychological factors to LBP disability and cultural influences on these factors were then explored. The findings indicated that compared to clinical and social factors, LBP disability was most strongly associated with psychological factors (adjusted R2 change = 0.38, p<0.00), the most important of which was psychological distress. Clinical (adjusted R2 change = 0.11, p<0.00) or social (adjusted R2 change = 0.02, p=0.09) factors were only moderately or weakly associated with LBP disability. A series of hierarchical regression models examined the mediating role of cognitive Coping Strategies (Catastrophising & Praying and Hoping (Rosenstiel and Keefe (1983)) and Pain Control Beliefs (Control of Pain & Responsibility for management of Pain (Main and Waddell (1991)) on the relationship between LBP disability and distress. In support of the Cognitive Behavioural Mediational Model of chronic pain (Rudy and Turk, 1987), evidence was found to suggest that the relationship between LBP disability and distress was largely dependent upon Coping Strategies and Pain Control Beliefs. The findings also suggested that Pain Control Beliefs were largely dependent upon Coping strategies, although these relationships varied between specific Pain Control Beliefs and Coping Strategies. The study found evidence to suggest that certain self report questionnaires which are commonly used to assess cognitive factors associated with LBP may not have robust cross cultural reliabilities as measured by Cronbach's Alpha (Cronbach 1951) (Praying and Hoping (P&H) subscale of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) Rosensteil and Keefe 1983; Pain Responsibility (PR) subscale of the Pain Locus of Control (PLC) Main and Waddell 1991). The findings indicated that when used in their present form, these self reported questionnaires may provide inconsistent results with South Asian, African-born or Muslim LBP patients. The study provided evidence for the role of Cultural factors (self defined Ethnicity, Country of Birth and reported Religious Affiliation) on the experience of LBP. Although the relationship between cultural factors and LBP was generally weak (R2 change < 0.15), it appeared that South Asian, African-born and Muslim patients experienced LBP significantly worse than other LBP patients. The cultural group differences were strongest for the "passive" coping strategy "Praying and Hoping" (Rosensteil and Keefe 1983) (R2 change = 0.15, p < 0.001). The most apparent cultural differences were for Muslim patients who compared with all other Religious groups consistently reported the worst experience of LBP. Muslim LBP patients were clinically more disabled than either Christian (mean Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) difference (Roland and Morris, 1983) = 4.13) or other (mean RMDQ difference = 4.29) LBP patients. The statistical control of clinical variables in the regression models led to the conclusion that these groups of patients had a more "chronic" experience of LBP. Religious affiliation may help to identify LBP patients who present to secondary care with more chronic symptoms of LBP. Standardisation of self report questionnaire in these cultural groups may improve the precision of these findings. The present investigation was primarily descriptive in that reasons for cultural differences were not empirically examined. However the study findings suggest potentially fruitful areas for further investigation particularly that work on the meaning of "Praying" as a coping strategy and on its relationship with LBP disability for non-Christian groups would appear warranted.
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Levitt, Gail Ann. "Four cultural influences on anti-vivisection propaganda literature, 1875-1910." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403195.
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Sharma, Dev Raj. "Cultural and family influences as sources of stress in adolescence." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417692.
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Chong, Kee Yong. "Multi-layered ethnic and cultural influences in my musical compositions." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2016. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/31091/.
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In this doctoral thesis, I examine the influence of multi-ethnic cultures and heritage of East and Southeast Asia on my compositional development. Although the imitation of the outward features of other cultures is an important part of the attempt to compose cross-cultural pieces, such imitation is only one part of the learning process. The most difficult task is to make a meaningful cultural confluence out of these influences. My original contribution to music lies in the way in which I have activated the legacy of my multicultural Malaysian heritage and combined a strong focus on Chinese cultural traditions with a wider Malaysian context that involves theatre, philosophy, rituals, and spirituality. Over the past few years, I have composed cross-cultural works for traditional East and Southeast Asian and Western instruments, collaborating with multiple musicians in Asia, the United States, and Europe. The compositions discussed in this thesis reveal the various elements of my writing for Chinese instruments that are at once original and eclectic. I am particularly interested in incorporating various East and Southeast Asian musical practices such as Chinese dialect folk songs (especially Hakka storytelling and mountain songs), Gamelan music from South East Asia, Indian ritual and ceremonial music, ancient Chinese court music, and chanting of classical Chinese poetry, Korean Pansori music, and Japanese Gagaku music to create my own compositional techniques and languages. Using my compositions as examples, I illustrate the incorporation of East and Southeast Asian vocal and instrumental techniques into Western musical languages. In the first two chapters, I focus more on the importance of Chinese sources of poetry and philosophical thinking in a number of large-scale works. In the third chapter, I examine the key compositional roles played by elements such as sonic mobility and spatialisation, the interplay and interchange of roles in instrumental writing, and the concept of “living ornamentation” in creating heterophony and vocalisation, and present a detailed analysis of one of my works Yuan-Liu (2009). I explain how sonic mobility and spatialisation, as realised through unique instrumental setups in my compositions, are deeply informed by my childhood experience of listening to the acoustics of nature in the woods. In the concluding chapter, I discuss how I use the concepts of time, narrative, and cultural confluence in my music.
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Rodriguez, Kristina. "Family and Cultural Influences on Latino Emerging Adults' Career Development." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc955116/.
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There is an extensive amount of research on career development, but most of the constructs studied have focused on content-oriented variables rather than process-oriented variables. While some of the studies have examined samples from ethnic minority populations, the majority of studies use ethnic minority populations as comparison groups, studying between-group differences as opposed to within-group differences. The literature is especially deficient in the are of Latino career development. The current study will examine how family and culture influence the career development of Latino emerging adults. This study will explore the influence of socioeconomic status and acculturation on the career salience and career maturity of Latino emerging adults. The quality of the parent-emerging adult relationship will also be explored for its influence on career development outcomes in this population. One hundred fifty Latino undergraduate students ages 18-24 will be recruited for participation in this study. The participants will complete questionnaires regarding demographic information, acculturation, the quality of the parent-emerging adult relationship, career salience, and career maturity.
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Nguyen, Le Tuyen. "A new voice: Australian guitar music with Vietnamese cultural influences." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151930.
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For more than fifty years, Australian composers have continued to look for new musical ideas and inspiration in the music of other cultures demonstrating significant interest in the music of China, Bali, Java, Japan and the Pacific. This thesis aims to contribute to the Australasian musical interchanges with a repertoire of guitar music with Vietnamese cultural influences. Based on ethnomusicological research, these creative works will weave together Vietnamese social-cultural contexts and musical materials with Western art music styles, exploring and enhancing the musical-technical possibilities of the guitar as the expressive medium. International collaborations have extended this repertoire to ensemble performances of guitar and Vietnamese traditional instruments; guitar and Vietnamese Gong ensemble; and guitar and percussion from Europe, Africa, India, Tibet, China, Middle East, and the Caribbean. In the process of ethnomusicological research into Vietnamese and French primary sources, this thesis has also made original contributions shedding new light on the changes and development of Southern Vietnamese traditional music in the late nineteenth century to the early decades of the twentieth century. A new voice in Australian music, this creative project is an expression of tradition, innovation and global interaction.
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Tov??as, de Plaisted Blanca History & Philosophy Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "Resistance and cultural revitalisation: reading Blackfoot agency in the texts of cultural transformation 18701920." Publisher:University of New South Wales. History & Philosophy, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43907.
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The radical transformations attendant upon the imposition of colonial rule on the Siksikaitsitapi or Blackfoot of northern Alberta and southern Montana are examined in this dissertation in order to emphasise the threads of continuity within a tapestry of cultural change c.1870-1920. The dissertation traces cultural persistence through the analysis of texts of history and literature that constructed Blackfoot subjectivity in the half-century following the end of traditional lifeways and settlement on three reserves in Canada and one reservation in the United States of America. This interdisciplinary thesis has been undertaken jointly in the School of History and Philosophy, and the School of English, Media and Performance Studies. It combines the tools of historical research and literary criticism to analyse the discourses and counter-discourses that served to construct Blackfoot subjectivity in colonial texts. It engages with the ways in which the Blackfoot navigated colonisation and resisted forced acculturation while adopting strategies of accommodation to ensure social reproduction and even physical survival in this period. To this end, it presents four case studies, each focusing on a discrete process of Blackfoot cultural transformation: a) the resistance to acculturation and cultural revitalisation as it relates to the practice of Ookaan (Sun Dance); b) the power shifts ushered in by European contact and the intersection between power and Blackfoot dress practices; c) the participation of Blackfoot "organic intellectuals" in the construction of Blackfoot history through the transformation of oral stories into text via the ethnographic encounter; and d) the continuing links between Blackfoot history and literature, and contemporary fictional representations of Blackfoot subjectivity by First Nations authors. This thesis acknowledges that Blackfoot history and literature have been constructed through a complex matrix of textual representations from their earliest contacts with Europeans. This dissertation is a study of the intersection between textual representations of the Blackfoot, and resistance, persistence and cultural revitalisation 1870-1920. It seeks to contribute to debates on the capacity of the colonised Other to exercise agency. It engages with views articulated by organic intellectuals, and Blackfoot and other First Nations scholars, in order to foster a dialogue between Blackfoot and non-Blackfoot scholarship.
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Kiambi, Dane Mwirigi. "PUBLIC RELATIONS IN KENYA: AN EXPLORATION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS MODELS AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1282847327.
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Luo, Zhongcheng, and 駱忠誠. "Intrinsic and extrinsic influences on final height." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31240690.
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Sheng, Xiao-ling. "Cultural Influences and Negotiation: Chinese Conflict Resolution Preferences and Negotiation Behavior." TopSCHOLAR®, 1995. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/883.
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As international trade between China and the United States has increased markedly in recent years, negotiation behavior between Chinese and Americans has become a timely issue. Most research conducted in this area discusses the fundamental cultural differences between East and West, as well as the difficulties Westerners have in negotiating with the Chinese. Little was written on the actual negotiation behavior itself. This paper is focused on the negotiation behavior between Chinese and American business people. Following a review of relevant research, the author found that both Confucian philosophy and Taoistic philosophy continue to provide the foundations of Chinese cultural traditions and values, which influence Chinese perceptions and approaches to conflict resolution and thus affect Chinese negotiation behavior. Cultural values discussed include harmony, collectivism, conformity, holism-contextualism, time, face, shame, reciprocity, high context, friendship, and Guanxi. The author suggests that traditional Chinese cultural values influence Chinese people to be less openly assertive and emotional in conflict situations, which consequently lead Chinese negotiators to the adoption of high compromising and avoiding behaviors and a relatively low preference for competing and assertive postures in negotiations. Based on the cultural values and Chinese conflict preferences, the author offers recommendations for preparing, conducting, and concluding negotiations with Chinese people.
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Lennane, B. Michael. "Cross-cultural influences on corrective feedback preferences in English language instruction." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112502.
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This cross-cultural study examined the preferences of 137 Taiwanese EFL students and 97 ESL Quebecois students for specific types of corrective feedback, as well as their attitudes and beliefs about error correction, and those of 12 Taiwanese English instructors and 12 native English teachers in Quebec. All participants completed two questionnaires, the first eliciting overall preferences and attitudes for corrective feedback, and the second eliciting preferences for specific types of feedback aurally modeled through a digital recording designed for the purpose of this study. In addition, a subsample of participants was selected for follow-up interviews. Descriptive analysis of the initial questionnaire coupled with trends found in interview data revealed cross-cultural differences in preferences for types of errors to correct, the use of correction, rates of correction and affective reactions to error correction. However, statistical analysis of the data yielded by the main elicitation instrument revealed similar preferences within both cultural groups, with explicit correction being ranked highest, followed by recasts and then prompts.
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Shin, Chang-Sik. "Mental health policy making in South Korea : structural and cultural influences." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11756/.
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This study focuses on the way in which rapid structural changes (such as economic development, urbanisation and other demographic factors, and the economic crisis of 1997) have raised issues that are seen to require a social policy response in the mental health care arena under Confucian governance in South Korea. These structural changes happened over a couple of hundred years in Western Europe but have taken place over only the past 40 years in Korea. The main thrust of the study is on the extent to which the decisions about policy responses to perceived social problems, especially the increasing number of people with mental health problems, are structurally driven or the extent to which they are informed and shaped by Korean politics and culture. The industrial and economic base of Korea grew dramatically until the late 1990s. This facilitated the development of social policies - particularly in areas such as education, health and housing, which support economic growth. However, although the structure of the family changed to be closer to its structure in the West, it could be argued that evidence pointing to a broader ‘Westernisation’ of Korean society was premature. Confucianism may have been a factor in Korea's development, but it may yet prove a hindrance to any further moves to modernity and equalisation of life chances amongst its citizens. Since the economic crisis of 1997, Korea has experienced a rapid expansion of social welfare provision following a series of reforms. These reforms have gone beyond the functional minima necessary to deal with social problems caused by the economic crisis. However, the government has tended to stress the greater role played by family members, particularly women, in providing care to their elderly relatives, and the desirability of multigenerational households over nuclear families. A similar emphasis on the caring roles of the family and community is also seen in the Korean state's renewed public emphasis on the country's Confucian cultural tradition. As a result of this, there has been a tension between the increased emphasis given to the role of the informal carer within mental health policy as the Korean government has introduced a community-based scheme which assumes that families want to care and those with mental health problems want to be cared for by their families. Accordingly, the main burden of care falls upon women. This still tends to be ignored by policy makers. Despite the country's rapid demographic, economic and social changes, there has been a widening gap between the population's expectations and needs and health and social service provision in the mental health arena. Neither long-term care services nor personal social services are well developed for those with long-term mental health problems. In addition there is a marked disparity between the acute services, which are predominantly provided by private sector organisations in a highly competitive market and broadly achieve high standards, and public primary care and rudimentary residential services in the mental health arena. In this context, it could be argued that Korean mental health policy is concerned with maintaining social order rather than care and treatment of those with mental health problems.
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Siala, Haytham. "Cultural influences on consumer interactions in the context of electronic commerce." Thesis, Brunel University, 2001. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5416.
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Researchers and academics from diverse disciplines have highlighted the role of 'trust' for establishing and strengthening existing relationships between individuals and organisations in the commercial and the social context. Trust in the cultural context specifically, is credited with being the social 'glue' for sustaining bonds between members of cultural groups. The 'trust' phenomenon has become a 'hallmark' of success for organizations as they become more involved with Information Technology (IT). A precondition for trust to manifest is the natural presence of risk or uncertainties in a potential decision. Since the fears and risks associated with online transactions in the context of ecommerce are high, gaining a customer's trust becomes a must. Some studies have found the ingrained cultural values, which form an essential part of the cultural heritage of a person, to be influential in evoking an individual's trust. Various sources in the marketing and consumer behaviour literature have highlighted the role that religious subcultures play in the purchase decisions of their members. The customs, values, and norms set by a religious group are highly esteemed by its members. The objective of this thesis is to investigate if religious Web sites are more likely to instil trust in online fellow-members than their generic counterparts. From a HCI point of view, we can say that our research will investigate an "abstract" interface of e-commerce systems: the 'theological' interface of a commercial Web site. Consequently, we can also ascertain if religious consumers basing their purchasing decisions on 'religious' trust alone overlook more important issues such as the privacy and security problems associated with financial transactions performed over the Internet. Our empirical findings have discovered that conservative Muslims, who are not very familiar with the Internet, trust a Muslim Web site more than a Christian Web site and a generic Web site. In contrast, conservative Muslims with higher Internet experience were found to be more cautious. They based their 'trust' on more appropriate criteria such as the extent of privacy and security safeguards adopted by a Web site. A qualitative analysis of the post-experimental interviews that we conducted purports that Web-based trust develops with a company's good reputation, previous personal purchasing experiences, and through word-of-mouth recommendations from friends and family or peers. In light of our findings, we argue that the time experience gained in using the Internet plays a major role on how consumers perceive culturally or religiously oriented Web sites. We believe that less experienced Internet users are unaware of the security vulnerabilities inherent in the Internet environment. Therefore, we assume that they are context-blind: they do not differentiate between traditional and the digital marketing environments. Consequently, they would trust purchasing from an electronic store (Web site) in the same manner they would trust purchasing from a 'brick-and mortar' store. In contrast, experienced Internet users deem reputable Web sites adopting good security and privacy safeguards for online transactions to be trustworthier than Web sites designed with a 'religious' interface. We conclude that in the context of e-commerce, one cannot expect to establish a trustworthy commercial relationship based on religious trust alone. From the findings of this study, it has become apparent that the trait of strict religious affiliation seems to disappear in the context of e-commerce. The threats and risks inherent in online transactions seem to restructure the religious community by merging it into a traditional global community of e-consumers. When contemplating a purchase from a Web site, traditional e-consumers pay more attention to the company's reputation and the extent of data security measures adopted by a Web site rather than basing their purchase decisions on the religious affiliations and cultural values taught by parents and ancestors. Thus, Web sites aiming to sell products behind a 'religious' interface could become disappointed. Having said that, we reiterate that the time experience in using the Internet seems to play an influential role in how users' perceive cultural or religious Web sites.
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Stroud, James G. P. "Cultural influences in research and therapeutic practice : a counselling psychology perspective." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/14559/.
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This empirical study explores ‘Men’s experiences of being circumcised men’ using the methodological approach of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with eight adult participants. The interview data was analysed using the IPA protocol (Smith, Flowers, & Larkin, 2009). From this analysis, three main themes emerged: The first is ‘Who am I? – Circumcision and my Self’ in which the participants’ experiences of male group belonging, feeling different from other men, and their perception of others are explored. The second main theme is ‘The physical experience – Circumcision and my body’ exploring how the men talk about circumcision affecting their bodies, in the way it looks, feels and in terms of how they talk about health and the impact of the procedure itself. The final theme that emerges is ‘Reflecting on the decision’ in which the men’s experiences of the choice that was made and their sense of whether it was ‘right’ are presented. The three main themes are discussed in relation to broad theories of body image, theories of identity and theories of male hegemony, drawing tentative links between these. Throughout the research process the impact of culture and context acts as a background that informs the study. The findings have implications for Counselling Psychologists who work with men who enter therapy and for whom such issues may remain unexplored. The research informs the male circumcision debate and offers a way of understanding opposing viewpoints. The quality, transferability and limitations of the study are considered together with a discussion of the findings in the light of theory and research. Areas for future research are suggested.
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Rodriguez, Kristina. "Family and Cultural Influences on Latino Career Development and Academic Success." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248375/.
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There is an extensive amount of research on academic success and career development, but most of the literature has focused on the process of White participants. While some of the studies have examined samples from ethnic minority populations, the majority of studies use these populations as comparison groups, studying between-group differences as opposed to within-group differences. The literature is especially lacking in the area Latino academic success and career development. The current study examined how family and culture, specifically socioeconomic status, acculturation, and the quality of the parent-emerging adult relationship, influence the academic success and career development of Latino emerging adults. Eighty-three Latino undergraduate students ages 18 – 24 were recruited for participation in this study. Results indicated that valuing the role of work (career salience) significantly predicted the maturity and positivity of attitudes toward work (career maturity) in Latino emerging adults. Additionally, while family demographic and cultural variables did not seem to have a significant impact on academic success and career development, first-generation college student status, career salience, and conflict in the parent-emerging adult relationship lent some insight into the variation of levels of career maturity in a Latino sample. Furthermore, first-generation student status also impacted the relationship between career maturity and GPA.
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Latham, Lechowick Rick. "Sticks and Stones : External Influences on Êzîdî Religious and Cultural Transformation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317454.
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This paper reviews foreign influences on Êzîdîism from 19th Century travelogues to the 2014 Şengal Genocide. The author introduces a broader definition for ‘Êzîdîism’ than previously used to show that the affects of external mistreatment are pervasive throughout the community. Using examples of Êzîdî orthopraxy, the paper demonstrates the changes occurring within Êzîdîism due to foreign influence. The author suggests that outsiders consider varying their literary and linguistic treatment of Êzîdîism. In light of the Êzîdîs’ current situation, this paper concludes with the possibilities that religious and cultural re-definition might provide.
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Shaari, Halimahton. "Influences on ethics in news production : the socio-cultural and political influences on the mass media in Malaysia." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30577.
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The thesis examines the approaches to the study of ethics in journalism, with emphasis on the concept of ethics as defined and practised in the socio-cultural and political context of Malaysia. The media environment with its social and cultural sensitivities provides an insight into the journalistic practices in the process of news production. Studies on media ethics have long been dominated by the moral-philosophical perspective which views ethics as a personal choice and decision. This viewpoint is relevant in the Western libertarian media system where personal freedom is a right taken for granted. However, it is too narrow to throw light on the influences on ethics in other media structures. In these media systems, other socio-cultural and political factors intertwine to influence the ethical conduct of news workers. The thesis contends that the practices of ethics in the Malaysian media extend beyond organisational norms and media professionalism as defined by the West.;The data for the study was collected by analysing three case studies covered in two mainstream newspapers in Malaysia, the New Straits Times and Utusan Malaysia; newsroom observations and interviews with the Group Editors, editors and journalists of the said newspapers. The data leads to an examination of the political and social context that is unique to Malaysia which plays a significant role in influencing the ethical conduct of news workers. The study draws on the political economy approach, the cultural studies perspective and the social organisation of news as the framework to examine the internal and external factors that influence ethical decision-making in news production. The routines and practices of these media organisations are examined to gauge how they are affected by the political/government elite which sometimes wields more power than any other factor to influence media output.
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Huynh, Quang Hung. "The Influence of Social and Cultural Context on Sport Consumer Motivation." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/370738.
Full textAbstract:
Exploring and understanding the motives that drive consumers to attend sport events and to
follow sport teams is a critical challenge for sport organisations and underpins marketers’
attempts to attract new consumers as well as to retain existing ones. Prior research indicates
that sport consumer motives vary across contexts. Moreover, research on sport consumers
suggests that there is an opportunity to expand knowledge of sport consumer motives beyond
social-psychological conceptualisations (i.e., intrinsic needs and wants) through an
application of socio-cultural theorising (i.e., cultural meanings, values, beliefs, norms,
identities, social class, lifestyle, history, and politics).
Acknowledging this gap in existing scholarship, the current doctoral thesis aims to
explore the motives driving sport consumers in three distinct cities of Vietnam, and the
differences, based upon the social and cultural context of each city, that exist between these
motives.
The overarching theoretical framework underpinning the current research is consumer
culture theory (CCT) (Arnould, 2006; Arnould & Thompson, 2005, 2007, 2015). The current
research is also informed by theories of socio-psychological sport motivation (Branscombe &
Wann, 1991, 1994; Duncan, 1983; Gantz, 1981; Gantz & Wenner, 1995; Iso-Ahola &
Hatfield, 1986; Lever & Wheeler, 1984; McPherson, 1975; Murrell & Dietz, 1992; Sloan,
1989; Zhang, Pease, Hui, & Michaud, 1995; Zillmann, Bryant, & Sapolsky, 1989) and social
identity theory (SIT) (Tajfel, 1982; Tajfel & Turner, 1979). Through the lens of CCT, the
current thesis explores the motives that drive sport consumers to support their teams. A
socio-cultural perspective was employed to emphasise the influence of cultural values, group
identity, and socio-historic attributes on the consumption process.
A sequential mixed methods research design was applied to address the research
objectives. First, a quantitative questionnaire (Study 1) was administered among consumers of local teams’ matches in the three major cities of Vietnam located in three main regions
(Hanoi the capital in North, Da Nang centre of Central region, and Saigon the economic
centre of Vietnam) to examine the motives that facilitated sport consumer attendance across
the three cities. Second, a series of qualitative semi-structured interviews (Study 2) with
selected respondents who participated in Study 1 were conducted to explore the influence of
social and cultural factors on sport consumer motives across the three cities.
Study 1 measured and compared path relationships between 12 motives and team
identification across the three cities. The on-site questionnaires were implemented in three
cities: Hanoi n = 332; Da Nang n = 342; Saigon n = 371, N = 1,045). Findings from the
quantitative survey revealed that the motives of Community Pride, Escape, and Physical
Attraction displayed the strongest relationships with team identification in the three cities;
however, the effects of motives on team identification were found to vary across the three
cities.
Study 2 utilised semi-structured interviews (N = 41) in the three cities: Hanoi (N =
14), Da Nang (N = 12), and Saigon (N = 15). The interviews aimed to confirm and further
explore the findings of Study 1 by gathering narratives from selected respondents who had
participated in Study 1. The qualitative semi-structured interview data revealed three broad
themes in Vietnam: City Representation, Team Personnel, and Playing Style. Under each
broad theme, there were three distinctive motives, which reflected different contextual
motives specific to each of the sampled cities. Local Pride (Hanoi), Local Players (Da
Nang), and Team Success (Saigon) were three sub-themes found under City Representation.
Personal Ties (Hanoi), Head Coach (Da Nang), and Star Players (Saigon) provided more
specific explanations of the way in which Team Personnel acted as a consumer motive.
Meanwhile, Fair Play (Hanoi), Team Cohesion (Da Nang), and Attacking Play (Saigon) were the sub-themes underpinning Playing Style.
Overall, the current research extends the knowledge of sport consumer motives
beyond socio-psychological conceptualisations (i.e., intrinsic needs and wants) through an
application of socio-cultural theorising (i.e., socio-economic status, social hierarchical
structure, history, and cultural values). The findings of the current research suggest that even
in a single country, sport consumer motives for supporting a team can vary across cities.
These social and cultural attributes of the place where the team and consumers reside are
important components that influence which motives are salient drivers of match attendance
and team identification. Practically, the findings proposed that the marketing strategies of
sporting clubs should integrate the socio-historic and cultural attributes of the location where
the sport consumption takes place, along with salient motives, in order to maximise the
appeal for local consumers so they will engage with the clubs/teams.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Dept Tourism, Sport & Hot Mgmt
Griffith Business School
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Hall, Timothy W. "Surface, substance and the status quo pop cultural influences on architectural design /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1085069145.
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Menon, Roshni. "Determinants of Parental Beliefs: The Role of Proximal Influences in the Maintenance and Revision of Parental Beliefs." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194048.
Full textAbstract:
Culture has been recognized to play an important role in the formation of parental beliefs, but the question still remains of whether beliefs are maintained or revised over time, and how. The present study examined how proximal influences impacted parental beliefs in an immigrant sample of parents, the thesis being that distal influences have more to do with the formation of parental beliefs while proximal influences have more to do with maintaining or revising them. Effects of the proximal influences of education, occupation status, information networks, and parental agreement about childrearing, on parental beliefs of Mexican-origin fathers and mothers around cultural values of familism/respeto, simpatÃa, and individualism were tested longitudinally. The research questions were two-fold in nature, looking at within-time effects of the proximal influences on parental beliefs; as well as over-time effects of proximal influences on change in parental beliefs. The within-time questions were answered using hierarchical regression analyses while the over-time questions were answered using repeated measures MANCOVAs. Overall, the beliefs of parents in this study were seen to not change significantly over the course of the three years that they were assessed, and so the study did not yield the results expected in terms of the effects of proximal influences on parental beliefs. However, information networks and fathers' occupation status did emerge as promising proximal influences on parental beliefs, and the results also revealed maternal beliefs to be more responsive to the proximal influences of education, fathers' occupation status, information networks, and parental agreement about childrearing, than paternal beliefs.
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Ngai, Anita Ching Yi. "Cultural Influences On Video Games: players' preferences in narrative and game-play." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/770.
Full textAbstract:
As an entertainment media, video games provide pleasure and enjoyment through interactions with various game elements. Some games are more successful in one part of the world than others, which sales data have clearly shown over the years. Games designed in various parts of the world often have distinct differences, as developers implicitly or subconsciously convey their values and culture in their creations. Thus, in examining ?what is fun,? one must move beyond technical aspects of game design and look into immersion and emotional experiences. In this paper, sales data for 2004 were first examined, followed by a case study to investigate any differences between Japan and the US, where major game console manufacturers and game developers reside. Although they indicated differences in popularity of genres and design approaches, results from the survey were not able to verify conclusively major statistical difference between the two groups of respondents.
The survey was constructed with a focus on narrative and game-play elements, in hopes to get a better understanding of players? preferences through the concept of immersion, which were anticipated to be influenced by cultural differences. Although no major differences were found, given the small sample population, it could be seen that there was a greater sense of character attachment from Japanese respondents, while American respondents did not like to be forced away from their actions by ?long? narrative elements.
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Bullington, Mose. "Social and Cultural Influences on Nontraditional Students' Decision to Seek Higher Education." TopSCHOLAR®, 1998. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/337.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine some of the social and cultural influences on nontraditional students' decisions to seek higher education. The thesis of this project is that nontraditional students are reacting to changes in the occupational structure of the United States. The six propositions of social exchange theory developed by George Homans were used to guide the research. A questionnaire was distributed to the entire population of full-time nontraditional undergraduate students at a comprehensive university in the Southeast. A total of 430 students over the age of 25 responded to the questionnaire. Frequency distributions and crosstabulations were used to analyze the data. Results suggest that the emphasis placed on cultural values varies by social class. However, as social structures change, cultural values also change.
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Slater, Laura C. "Personal, professional, and cultural influences on the career choices of school principals." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63810.pdf.
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Pirani, Amirali Karim. "Cultural influences on the choice of rural sanitation technology in Islamic Countries." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55650.
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Peakman, Julie. "Cultural, scientific and religious influences in eighteenth-century erotica, c.1680-1839." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271448.
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Jung, Hyejin. "Korean Cultural and Musical Influences in Younghi Pagh-Paan's Man-Nam I." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862815/.
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Younghi Pagh-Paan is an internationally renowned contemporary Korean-German composer. While her music has been strongly influenced by German contemporary musical aesthetics, her compositions also possess Korean musical and cultural influences. In her works, Pagh-Paan employs Western instruments and musical languages that incorporate contemporary techniques such as vibratos, flatter tonguing, pitch bends, and legato glissandi. These effects are thought to imitate the sounds created by traditional Korean instruments. Man-Nam I, for clarinet and string trio, was the second work that Pagh-Paan composed following her move from Korea to Germany. The piece includes many sounds representative of traditional Korean instruments, along with significant symbolism of the sociological background, culture and history of Korean people. The study of Man-Nam I focuses on unraveling hidden elements of Korean traditional music and culture, and addresses the need for the performers to understand its rich Korean influences in order to reach a deeper interpretation of Pagh-Paan's work.
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Shakir, Durar Kassim. "Vitamin D Deficiency And Cultural Influences Among Muslim Women in Southern Illinois." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/955.
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This study is an analysis of the cultural influences that affect the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Muslim women from sun-rich countries, who now reside in Southern Illinois. Previous studies examine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among this population, while neglecting to examine the extent of cultural influences which can affect the likelihood of having this disorder. Low serum levels of 25(OH)D can occur when there are low levels of vitamin D intake, and when exposure to sunlight is limited. Muslim women are more prone to vitamin D deficiency due to traditional attire, regardless of migration. Upon surveying a convenience sample of 101 Muslim women in Southern Illinois, it was found that upon migration, dietary changes occurred with an increase in dairy consumption and a decrease in fish consumption. The major finding in this study however is the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and concerns of beauty. Among participants, beauty was revealed to be a more important concern than tradition and religion with regard to their practice of covering.
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Haydon, Helen Moyra. "Exploring cultural, social and psychosocial influences on women's drinking across age cohorts." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/84760/1/Helen_Haydon_Thesis.pdf.
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This program of research used a mixed methods approach to explore the cultural, social and psychosocial factors that influence women's alcohol consumption. Results indicated that there were a number of common influencing factors across women of all ages but also a number of key influences and behaviours that were distinct for younger and older women. These findings emphasised the need for age-specific interventions that target these influences to reduce women's exposure to alcohol-related harm. This research is one of the first studies to examine alcohol consumption of both younger and older women.
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Sanagavarapu, Prathyusha, of Western Sydney Nepean University, and Faculty of Education. "Cultural specificity in maternal metacognitive guidance of preschoolers' puzzle-solving." THESIS_FE_XXX_Sanagavarapu_P.xml, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/551.
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This thesis explores cultural specificity and universality in maternal metacognitive guidance of preschoolers’ puzzle-solving. Anglo-Australian and immigrant Indian mothers’ interactions with their 4-year-old children on a puzzle-solving task were videotaped, and the mothers were interviewed about their views on child development, adult guidance and interpretations of puzzle-solving. The nature of the metcognitive guidance was analysed with respect to task initiation, task regulation, metcognitive guidance, strategic assistance, speech styles, and forms of sustaining the child’s mindfulness. The results generally supported the notions of cultural universality and specificity in maternal metcognitive guidance. While similarities were noted in mothers’ collaboration, supportive intent and verbal strategic guidance, differences were revealed in task initiation, linguistic mediation, non-verbal strategic guidance and metacognitive modeling. The findings on metcognitive guidance as a function of gender of the child indicated similarities, suggesting that differential guidance of male and female children’s metacognitive learning may be less pronounced in the preschool years compared with later childhood years. Indian mothers guided and supported their male children’s metcognitive/strategic learning more frequently than did Australian mothers. The findings are discussed in the light of notions of socio-cultural and activity theories.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Education)
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Laowong, Chiraporn. "Cultural values and living spaces : the exploration of an appropriate housing for Thai families in a contemporary society." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1125095.
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This creative project is a study of cultural awareness in architecture. The hypothesis states that architecture is one of many cultural manifestations in a society. One seeking contemporary architecture in a society should explore the idea of contemporary culture in that society. This study aims to point out the relationship of living patterns and living spaces (culture and architecture). Living patterns are influenced by their own cultures and, at the same time, the characteristics of living spaces reflect the aspects of living patterns. To explore contemporary living spaces, cultural issues must be considered.However, culture is dynamic. It is changed by reasons of time, place and people. Even though the tradional cultures in a society continuingly permeate to the next generations, some of them disappear as time, place or people change. Therefore, to study the issue of culture in contemporary society, traditional and new cultures are reckoned with as contemporary families adapt both cultures into their lifestyles.While Thai society has maintained its own unique culture, recently globalization has brought influences of Western ideas into Thailand. These influences are effecting Thai culture and bearing on how housing responds to a changing society.The work is divided into two parts, research and design. To explore the deeper meaning of contemporary living spaces, the research focuses on the importannce of culture to the characteristics of living spaces. It analyzes cultural and social changes that have influenced contemporary Thai families. This cultural analyses confirms that the meaning and design of contemporary living spaces are directly influenced by cultural adjustments.To support the hypothesis and research, a housing project for contemporary Thai families is proposed. It is a schematic design that incorporates the cultural analyses into the design process. The design is a model for organizing cultural information into the design of living spaces.Department of Architecture
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Yamase, Shinji. "History and legend : an exploration of native Guatemalan texts." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327094.
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Holst, Mark Anthony. "Japanese doctor-patient discourse : an investigation into cultural and institutional influences on patient-centred communication." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5878.
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This thesis investigates how Japanese doctors create and maintain patient-centred consultations through their verbal interaction with patients, and the extent to which features of Japanese interpersonal communication influence the institutional discourse. Audio recordings of 72 doctor-patient interactions were collected at the outpatient department of a Japanese teaching hospital. All consultations involved new cases. There were two kinds of consultations: a preliminary history-taking interview with an intern and a diagnostic consultation given by an experienced doctor. After transcribing the recordings sequences of the discourse were analysed qualitatively on a turn-by-turn basis and a corpus of the data was analysed quantitatively to establish frequencies of discourse features related to patientcentredness. A review of literature (Chapter 2) establishes the standard structure of medical consultations and the relationship of the doctor and patient during consultations in terms of the asymmetry of speaking initiative according to consultation phases. The second part of Chapter 2 is an examination of Japanese communication style, attested to be influenced by culturally specific norms of behaviour that are demonstrable through verbal interactions. Chapter 3 describes the research method, and this is followed by four chapters of analysis. Chapter 4 describes the nature of the two kinds of consultations; the phases they include, and how the participants shift from one phase to the next with phase transition markers. Particular attention is paid to opening and closing phases, as they are most relevant to the establishment and consolidation of a patient-centred relationship. Chapter 5 investigates patterns of questioning by doctors, identifying functional categories of questions to see how they are used to coax information from the patient. Chapter 6 examines how the doctor encourages the patient’s narrative through backchanneling; how the doctor accommodates the patient through sensitive explanations of treatments and procedures; and how the voice of the patient emerges through calls for clarification, and voicing concerns. Chapter 7 highlights discourse sequences that may indicate culturally specific influences, and examines the emergence of laughter as an indicator of Japanese interpersonal interaction. The features of these Japanese consultations are consistent with medical consultations described in English speaking settings regarding phases and the discourse strategies used to achieve patient-centredness. While there appear to be Japanese cultural influences in the interactions consistent with previous cross-cultural studies the author argues that the institutional setting (clinical framework) is more immediately relevant to the conversational dynamics of the interactions than the Japanese cultural setting. Finally, medical consultations involving new cases have more features of service encounters and therefore not controlled by the guidance-cooperation model of doctor-patient interaction.
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Essoo, Nittin. "A study of cultural influences on consumer behaviour in a small island economy : religious influences on purchasing behaviour in Mauritius." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36415/.
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Although researchers have long recognised the significance of religious value systems in sociology and in psychology, the role of religion in consumer research has not yet been completely acknowledged. In the consumer behaviour literature, religion has been studied from two main perspectives namely, religious affiliation and religious commitment. Religious affiliation is the adherence of individuals to a particular religious group while religiosity is the degree to which beliefs in specific religious values and ideals are held and practised by an individual. This research investigated the influence of religious affiliation and religiosity on selected aspects of consumer behaviour: shopping behaviour, retail store preference and external information search among three religious groups, Hindus, Muslims and Catholics. A mail survey was conducted among a sample of heads of households in Mauritius and six hundred usable questionnaires were obtained. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques were employed to analyse the data. Significant differences were found in the purchasing behaviour of Hindus, Muslims and Catholics. Devout consumers, those for whom religion is a central focus in life, also differed significantly in their purchasing behaviour from casually religious consumers, those for whom religion is expedient across all three religious groups. Religiosity and religious affiliation were found to be predictors of consumer behaviour in the presence of demographic and lifestyle variables, implying that the influence of religion on the value systems of the society and the effect of these value systems on consumer behaviour cannot be underestimated. The managerial implications of the research findings were discussed arid suggestions for further research were proposed.