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1

سلامة, محمد. "Digital Documentation of Maritime Cultural Heritage." مجلة کلية الآداب . جامعة الإسکندرية 86, no. 86 (October 1, 2016): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfalex.2016.155035.

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Tung, Y. Y. "Taiwan's underwater cultural heritage documentation management." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (September 11, 2015): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-533-2015.

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Taiwan is an important trading and maritime channels for many countries since ancient time. Numerous relics lie underwater due to weather, wars, and other factors. In the year of 2006, Bureau of Cultural Heritage (BOCH) entrusted the Underwater Archaeological Team of Academia Sinica to execute the underwater archaeological investigation projects. Currently, we verified 78 underwater targets, with 78 site of those had been recognized as shipwrecks sites. Up to date, there is a collection of 638 underwater objects from different underwater archaeological sites. Those artefacts are distributed to different institutions and museums. As very diverse management methods/systems are applied for every individual institution, underwater cultural heritage data such as survey, excavation report, research, etc. are poorly organized and disseminated for use. For better communication regarding to Taiwan’s underwater cultural heritage in every level, a universal format of documentation should be established. By comparing the existing checklist used in Taiwan with guidelines that are followed in other countries, a more intact and appropriate underwater cultural heritage condition documentation system can be established and adapted in Taiwan.
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Zhang, Xiao, Aiwu Zhang, Jiaqi Xu, and Rongqing Ma. "Documentation and Inheritance of Ancient Opera Stage Based on Multidisciplinary Approach and Digital Technology." Buildings 12, no. 7 (July 9, 2022): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070977.

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The survival and longevity of architectural heritage, especially structures in isolated locations such as ancient opera stages, have been gradually threatened by natural and sociocultural changes over the past few decades. Furthermore, the future of these heritage sites remains uncertain. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop a research method, using multidisciplinary knowledge and digital technology, to digitally protect and inherit the endangered heritage of ancient stages. Hence, in this study, we applied a qualitative longitudinal method for digital protection, digital culture inheritance, and data intelligence management. Particularly, digital culture inheritance established the knowledge visualization model, which was used to excavate cultural connotations and was displayed with virtual reality, augmented reality, etc. Furthermore, a GIS digital platform was developed to provide data management and a virtual experience in a 3D-interactive way for culture presentation, cognition, and heritage. Then, the developed method was validated over four years by using the ancient opera stages in Shanxi, China, as case studies. The results demonstrate that this method is feasible in and applicable to the heritages of ancient stages and can be applied to other architectural heritages and even cultural heritages. This method also helps to promote the public’s awareness of the protection of cultural heritage, especially the heritages of ancient stages.
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Hassani, F. "Documentation of cultural heritage; techniques, potentials, and constraints." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 12, 2015): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-207-2015.

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Cultural Heritage is known as an invaluable asset of human being, which portrays his achievements over centuries. The need for identification and preservation of cultural heritage is well understood and experts‟ attempt is to exploit any possible method to fulfill this aim. There are several published literatures and documents, which emphasize on the importance of the documentation of the cultural heritage such as Burra Charter. However, with the development of human and invention of new tools and technologies, the concept of the conservation of cultural heritage has changed considerably. The new technologies such as computers and digital tools have opened new windows and bestowed new opportunities in the process of conservation of cultural heritage. In this regard, it is important to review different technologies in order to make the best advantage of these tools in the cultural heritage field. The focus of this paper would be on the non-technical users who need to gain an overall comprehension of these new emerging tools. The foundation of this paper will be on the existing literatures published by various experts in addition to the author‟s experience and research in the conservation field.
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Rufián Fernández, F. J., M. Fernández Díaz, I. Sabrine, J. J. Ibáñez, B. Claramunt-López, A. Escobar, and J. A. González Zarandona. "THE DOCUMENTATION AND PROTECTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE DURING EMERGENCIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-M-1-2020 (July 24, 2020): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-m-1-2020-287-2020.

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Abstract. This paper aims to highlight the importance of fast and safe documentation of the damage to cultural heritage after a natural or anthropic catastrophe, with greater relevance of civil society. In these situations, in which humanitarian aid to the population and care needs are the priorities for the local authorities, proper prior planning of data collection and their transmission may aid faster and better decision-making in an emergency. New technologies are among the most effective tools to carry out such damage assessments actions. Therefore, we are currently establishing adequate planning and training of the local civil society, through projects that aim to achieve specific goals, enhancing their capacity to protect heritage, and improving the resilience of the inhabitants after disasters. Most heritage projects that work towards the recovery and conservation of heritage after an emergency occurred do not consider the local population. Therefore, in this paper we offer an approach for heritage workers in the hope that by including the local population, the documentation of heritage destruction can lead to better methods in the future.
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Logothetis, S., A. Delinasiou, and E. Stylianidis. "Building Information Modelling for Cultural Heritage: A review." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5/W3 (August 11, 2015): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-w3-177-2015.

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We discuss the evolution and state-of-the-art of the use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the field of culture heritage documentation. BIM is a hot theme involving different characteristics including principles, technology, even privacy rights for the cultural heritage objects. Modern documentation needs identified the potential of BIM in the recent years. Many architects, archaeologists, conservationists, engineers regard BIM as a disruptive force, changing the way professionals can document and manage a cultural heritage structure. The latest years, there are many developments in the BIM field while the developed technology and methods challenged the cultural heritage community in the documentation framework. In this review article, following a brief historic background for the BIM, we review the recent developments focusing in the cultural heritage documentation perspective.
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7

Jebur, Ahmed Kareem. "The Techniques of Cultural Heritage: Literature Review." Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering 6, no. 4 (April 22, 2022): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjce.2022.v06i04.006.

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Documentation of cultural heritage is basically a computerized or digital representation of objects contains the realistic portrayal of objects in 2.5 or 3D and other details. It is an unquestionable reality that the most vital thing for transmitting cultural heritage to posterity is a delicate documentation. Up to the present there have been numerous advancements in documentation of cultural heritage through technology development, and contemporary documentation techniques have progressed speedily. In time, current techniques have turned out to be desirable over conventional methods in engineering in the existent state and in assurance of disfigurements and preparation of measured drawing projects of historical edifices. Over the most recent ten years, direct 3D documentation techniques are very well known and that great advancement. Generally several main geomatics approaches are using for documentation , in first approach, image based such as close range photogrammetry, unmanned aerial vehicles, infrared (IR) images, second approach are non-image-based such as conventional measurements, terrestrial laser scanning, and In third approach, many researcher are using hybrid method that companied between different techniques. With ongoing improvements in PC and information technologies, this notable customary method has been change with digital close-range photogrammetry. This new technique offers us new open doors, for example, automatic orientation and procedure of the measurement, create of 3D vector information, advanced ortho-image and digital surface model. Laser scanning is another innovation that lately has turned out to be progressively well known for documentation which gives exceptionally thick 3D points on an object surface with high exactness. Also, the 3D model and ortho-photo can be effortlessly created utilizing produced 3D point clouds and recorded digital pictures. This paper gives an overview about the techniques related with documentation of cultural heritage and the uses of cultural heritage.
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Jebur, Ahmed Kareem. "The Techniques of Cultural Heritage: Literature Review." Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering 6, no. 4 (April 22, 2022): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjce.2022.v06i04.006.

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Documentation of cultural heritage is basically a computerized or digital representation of objects contains the realistic portrayal of objects in 2.5 or 3D and other details. It is an unquestionable reality that the most vital thing for transmitting cultural heritage to posterity is a delicate documentation. Up to the present there have been numerous advancements in documentation of cultural heritage through technology development, and contemporary documentation techniques have progressed speedily. In time, current techniques have turned out to be desirable over conventional methods in engineering in the existent state and in assurance of disfigurements and preparation of measured drawing projects of historical edifices. Over the most recent ten years, direct 3D documentation techniques are very well known and that great advancement. Generally several main geomatics approaches are using for documentation , in first approach, image based such as close range photogrammetry, unmanned aerial vehicles, infrared (IR) images, second approach are non-image-based such as conventional measurements, terrestrial laser scanning, and In third approach, many researcher are using hybrid method that companied between different techniques. With ongoing improvements in PC and information technologies, this notable customary method has been change with digital close-range photogrammetry. This new technique offers us new open doors, for example, automatic orientation and procedure of the measurement, create of 3D vector information, advanced ortho-image and digital surface model. Laser scanning is another innovation that lately has turned out to be progressively well known for documentation which gives exceptionally thick 3D points on an object surface with high exactness. Also, the 3D model and ortho-photo can be effortlessly created utilizing produced 3D point clouds and recorded digital pictures. This paper gives an overview about the techniques related with documentation of cultural heritage and the uses of cultural heritage.
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9

Besmonte, Edgardo, Al Besmonte, Alwin Calig, and Michael Cobilla. "Documentation of Cultural Properties in Tabaco City, Philippines through Cultural Mapping." Journal of Education, Management and Development Studies 2, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52631/jemds.v2i4.130.

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This research project was conducted to document the cultural properties of Tabaco City, Philippines, through Cultural Mapping. It sought to generate baseline data for cultural statistics on tangible and intangible heritage, natural heritage, significant personalities, and cultural institutions. This study adopted the Cultural Mapping Methodology of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Participants of this cultural mapping were composed of 11 mappers who were trained to do the heritage documentation. Ethnography, community immersion, in-depth interviews, document analysis, participant observation, historiography, and photo documentation, were used in data collection. Findings revealed that the cultural mapping project in Tabaco City, Philippines was able to document and provide an inventory of the cultural properties of the place that showcase the city’s rich culture that could be used as baseline data in the formulation of promotional activities, conservation projects, policies, and legislation to fully safeguard and protect the city’s heritage resources. This study recommends that the output of this cultural mapping must be disseminated to schools and libraries so that the community, especially the students, researchers, and cultural workers, can raise their awareness of the city’s rich culture and thorough research on the documented cultural properties must be conducted. Moreover, the government and other stakeholders must strengthen their efforts to foster awareness, appreciation, and protection of the cultural properties of Tabaco City, Philippines.
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Radanovic, M., K. Khoshelham, and C. Fraser. "A PLATFORM FOR MULTILAYERED DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-4-2021 (June 17, 2021): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-4-2021-9-2021.

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Abstract. This paper presents a platform for multilayered documentation of cultural heritage, inspired by the current lack of a heritage BIM approach capable of creating models with both high geometric accuracy and high semantic richness. The platform is developed in the Unity game engine. It comprises several integrated and interconnected layers or datasets that can include data of different types, such as a point cloud, textured polygonal mesh, parametric information model and images, both 2D images and 360° panoramas. We present an overview of the platform concept, the benefits of the proposed multilayered representation and the details on the implementation and integration of datasets. Also, we present some of the innovative functions made possible by this integration, such as point cloud or mesh cutting and preforming measurements on 2D images and 360° panoramas. We perform and present the results of a preliminary analysis of platform functions, which indicates that the platform can be used for accurate measurement and retrieval of 3D coordinates.
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11

Molada-Tebar, A., Á. Marqués-Mateu, and J. L. Lerma. "CORRECT USE OF COLOR FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W6 (August 21, 2019): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w6-107-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Accurate color recording is a fundamental feature for proper cultural heritage documentation, cataloging and preservation. However, the methodology used in most cases limits the results since it is based either on perceptual procedures or on the application of digital enhancement techniques only. The objective of this study is to apply a rigorous procedure for the characterization of cameras based on a second-order polynomial model. Trichromatic digital cameras capture color information in the well-known RGB format. Nevertheless, the signal generated by the digital camera is device dependent. By means of the characterization, we establish the relationship between device-dependent RGB values and the tristimulus coordinates defined by the CIE standard colorimetric observer. Once the camera is characterized, users obtain output images in the sRGB space that is independent of the sensor of the camera. We applied the methodology on a set of pictures targeting Levantine rock art motifs in Cova Civil (Castellón, Spain) which is considered part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. We used raw image files, with different exposure conditions, with raw RGB values captured by the sensor. The outcomes obtained are satisfactory and very promising for proper color documentation in cultural heritage documentation.</p>
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12

Bryan, Paul. "3D Recording, Documentation and Management of Cultural Heritage." Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 19, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13505033.2017.1321364.

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13

Galeazzi, Fabrizio. "3D recording, documentation and management of cultural heritage." International Journal of Heritage Studies 23, no. 7 (March 9, 2017): 671–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2017.1300933.

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14

Means, Bernard K. "3D Recording, Documentation and Management of Cultural Heritage." Historical Archaeology 51, no. 4 (August 23, 2017): 582–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41636-017-0055-x.

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15

Bauer, G. V. "REVIEW OF THE ARTICLE «DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE USING DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND LASER SCANNING» BY NACI YASTIKLI (JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE. 2007. 8 (4))." Digitalization 3, no. 4 (2022): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37993/2712-8733-2022-3-4-44-51.

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16

Ning, Yen Ya, Weng Kuo Hua, Cheng Hung Ming, and Hsu Wei Shan. "The Standard of Management and Application of Cultural Heritage Documentation." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 6 (December 21, 2011): 354–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.6.44.

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Using digital technology for cultural heritage documentation is a global trend in the 21 st century. Many important techniques are currently under development, including 3D digital imaging, reverse engineering, GIS (Geographic Information Systems) etc. However, no system for overall management or data integration is yet available. Therefore, we urgently need such a system to efficiently manage and interpret data for the preservation of cultural heritages. This paper presents a digitizing process developed in Taiwan by the authors. To govern and manage cultural property, three phases of property conservation, registration, restoration and management, has been set up along a timeline. In accordance with the laws of cultural property, a structural system has been built for project management, including data classification and data interpretation with self-documenting characteristics. Through repository information and metadata, a system catalogue (also called data dictionary) (Figure 1) was created. The primary objective of the study is to create an integrated technology for an efficient management of databases. Several benefits could be obtained from this structural standard: (1) cultural heritage management documentation can be centralized to minimize the possibility of data re-entry resulting inconsistency, and also to facilitate simultaneous updating of data; (2) since multiple data can be simultaneously retrieved and saved in real time, the incidence of errors can be reduced; (3) this system could be easily tailored to meet the administrative requirements for the standardization of documentation exchanged between cultural properties institutions and various county and city governments.
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Cheng, H. M., W. B. Yang, and Y. N. Yen. "BIM applied in historical building documentation and refurbishing." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 11, 2015): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-85-2015.

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Historical building conservation raises two important issues which are documentation and refurbishing. For the recording and documentation, we already have developed 3d laser scanner and such photogrammetry technology those represent a freeze object of virtual reality by digital documentation. On the other hand, the refurbished engineering of historic building is a challenge for conservation heritage which are not only reconstructing the damage part but also restoring tangible cultural heritage. 3D digital cultural heritage models has become a topic of great interest in recent years. One reason for this is the more widespread use of laser scanning and photogrammetry for recording cultural heritage sites. These technologies have made it possible to efficiently and accurately record complex structures remotely that would not have been possible with previous survey methods. In addition to these developments, digital information systems are evolving for the presentation, analysis and archival of heritage documentation.
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Ognjanović, Zoran, Bojan Marinković, Marija Šegan-Radonjić, and Dejan Masliković. "Cultural Heritage Digitization in Serbia: Standards, Policies, and Case Studies." Sustainability 11, no. 14 (July 10, 2019): 3788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11143788.

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The paper identifies necessary steps to create a national information system for management and preservation of cultural heritage documentation. The Republic of Serbia, where the digitization of cultural heritage is recognized as a segment of cultural development and officially accepted as one of the methods for preservation and presentation of heritage documentation, is taken as a case study. The paper describes the evolutionary path of the digitization process in Serbia and analyzes the importance of the adoption of a legal framework and establishment of national standards in the process of achieving the uniqueness in cultural heritage long-term sustainable documentation management and preservation across cultural institutions.
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Tobiasz, Markiewicz, Łapiński, Nikel, Kot, and Muradov. "Review of Methods for Documentation, Management, and Sustainability of Cultural Heritage. Case Study: Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 9, 2019): 7046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247046.

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All countries around the world are blessed with particularly rich cultural heritage. Nowadays, many researchers are exploring different methods for documentation, management, and sustainability of cultural heritage. The aim of this article is to review the state-of-the-art documentation, management, and sustainability techniques in the field of cultural heritage based on the case study in the Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów. Various 2D/3D image and range-based methods are discussed demonstrating their applications and drawbacks. The geographical information system (GIS) is presented as a method for management, storage, and maintenance of cultural heritage documentation.
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Murtiyoso, A., and P. Grussenmeyer. "EXPERIMENTS USING SMARTPHONE-BASED VIDEOGRAMMETRY FOR LOW-COST CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (August 28, 2021): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-487-2021.

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Abstract. The rapid development of 3D scanning technology is a welcome progress in the field of tangible cultural heritage documentation. While active sensors such as handheld Time-of-Flight (ToF) cameras and lidar have recently generated much hype, developments in low-cost imaging sensors have also seen long strides in recent decades. This paper aims to see the potential of videogrammetry for the purposes of heritage documentation. This technique has existed for decades, but we argue that when combined with modern smartphone sensors and proper photogrammetric processing workflow it may present an interesting low-cost solution for 3D scanning. Furthermore, the paper wishes to address the requirement for a certain geometric quality in heritage documentation and how the proposed method may fulfil them. For this reason, comparisons between the videogrammetric result and traditional DSLR close range photogrammetry will be described to determine its suitability for heritage documentation. Results show that using modern low-cost smartphone imaging sensors, a good compromise between geometric quality and overall cost in the context of cultural heritage recording is possible to achieve.
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Van Balen, K. "Challenges that Preventive Conservation poses to the Cultural Heritage documentation field." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 23, 2017): 713–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-713-2017.

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This contribution examines the challenges posed to the cultural heritage documentation community (the CIPA community and others) in implementing a preventive conservation approach of the built heritage in today’s society. <u>The “DNA” of Preventive Conservation.</u><br><br> Various authors so far support the argument that preventive conservation is an effective way to respond to the challenges society faces with the preservation of its Cultural Heritage (Van Balen, 2013).<br><br> A few decades of experiences with the application of preventive conservation in the field of immovable heritage in the form of Monumentenwacht in The Netherland and in Flanders have shown that a good monitoring of the state of preservation with a strong push for maintenance activities contributes to more preservation of authenticity, to more cost-effective preservation and to empowering society in dealing with heritage preservation. (Cebron, 2008)<br><br> An analysis of these and similar experiences demonstrates that these “Monumentenwacht” activities represent only a part of what could be named a preventive conservation system. Other fields in which prevention is advocated for its higher efficiency, show the importance of system thinking in the development of improved strategies.<br><br> Applying this approach to the field of the immovable heritage, referring to the initial results shown by the Monumentenwacht practices, it becomes clear that different dimension are at stake simultaneously: the preservation of authenticity or integrity, the management of resources and the connection with society. It shows that the analysis of challenges in heritage preservation and the development of strategies is à priori multifaceted and therefor has a certain level of complexity.<br><br> The sustainability of the preservation of cultural heritage buildings and sites can be measured according to its multiple economic, social, environmental and cultural support. The Cultural Heritage Counts for Europe report shows that the more diverse the support is for cultural heritage preservation actions, the more those actions will contribute to sustainable development and the more sustainable the preservation of that heritage will be. This reasoning has led to the “upstream approach” which argues that cultural heritage preservation can benefit from a variety of resources which do not necessarily have to be earmarked for it à priori (CHCfE, 2015).<br><br> It leads to arguing for an holistic and integrated approach for cultural heritage preservation that taps into different kinds of resources, which requires acknowledgement of the complex nature of understanding and managing heritage values into an overall societal development goal (Vandesande, 2017).<br><br> <u>Challenges in the Cultural Heritage documentation field.</u><br><br> Documentation needs in the field of cultural heritage preservation therefor are challenged by the complexity of the sources of information, by the need to integrate them in an holistic tool and by the way they are able to dialogue with society.<br><br> 1. The proper analysis of heritage requires increasing efforts by the diversity of sources and the complexity of their interaction.This (complexity acknowledging) analysis should be linked to monitoring tools which eventually contribute to monitor culturalheritage values. This monitoring is also a documentation challenge as it has to be pertinent and dynamic. Analysis andmonitoring are important as they are the basis for understand threats that impact heritage values.<br><br> 2. As resources for heritage development or heritage guided development can have a variety of origins, their documentation andanalysis –compared to the traditional curative object oriented preservation- should be extended to include many more possibleresources. Experiences exist with documentation of the physical environment of heritage sites but the upstream approachpoints toward a larger number of development resources that can be tapped into. This implies the need to identify newapproaches, to document them and to integrate them in a dynamic analytical process.<br><br> 3. As preventive conservation focusses not only on the empowerment of the owners and managers but also on a betterintegration of a wider group of stakeholders, the question of ownership and continuous co-creation challenges thedocumentation process as well.<br><br> 4. Longevity of documentation: the need for continuous updating and monitoring as part of the cyclic approach of PC challengesthe longevity, accessibility of the documentation itself and the tools that will use them in the future.
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Khan, Mazlina Pati, Andika Aziz Hussin, and Khairul Azhar Mat Daud. "Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage Through Documentation Strategy at Cultural Heritage Institutions: Mak Yong’s Theater Performing Art." Advanced Science Letters 23, no. 8 (August 1, 2017): 7890–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.9602.

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Pütt, Karin. "Documentation and Digital Preservation of Syrian Heritage." Public Historian 40, no. 4 (November 1, 2018): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2018.40.4.107.

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Since 2013, the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin and the German Archeological Institute (DAI) have hosted a digital archive documenting Syrian heritage and built environment. This project was developed in the face of a war that would destroy places of cultural heritage on a large scale. The archive consists of photos, plans, and documents and includes more than 200,000 items. For long-term storage and attainability they are integrated into the digital world of the DAI. In order to raise awareness and to present the data to a wider audience, selected photos and drawings are bundled into stories on a new website with text in English, Arabic, and German. The project exhibits Syrian cultural heritage in both its tangible and nontangible aspects.
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Pulcrano, M., S. Scandurra, G. Minin, and A. di Luggo. "3D CAMERAS ACQUISITIONS FOR THE DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W9 (January 31, 2019): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w9-639-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Photography has always been considered as a valid tool to acquire information about reality. Nowadays, its versatility, together with the development of new techniques and technologies, allows to use it in different fields of application. Particularly, in the digitization of built heritage, photography not only enables to understand and document historical and architectural artifacts but also to acquire morphological and geometrical data about them with automated digital photogrammetry. Nowadays, photogrammetry enables many tools to give virtual casts of reality by showing it in the way of point cloud. Although they can have metric reliability and visual quality, traditional instruments &amp;ndash; such as monoscopic cameras &amp;ndash; involve a careful planning of the campaign phase and a long acquisition and processing time. On the contrary, the most recent ones, based on the integration of different sensors and cameras, try to reduce the gap between time and results. The latter include some systems of indoor mapping who, thanks to 360&amp;deg; acquisitions and SLAM technology, reconstruct the original scene in real time in great detail and with a photorealistic rendering. This study is aimed at reporting a research evaluating metric reliability and the level of survey detail with a Matterport Pro2 3D motorized rotating camera, equipped with SLAM technology, whose results have been compared with point clouds obtained by image-based and range-based processes.</p>
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Ntregka, Georgopoulos, and Quintero. "PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EXPLOITATION OF HDR IMAGES FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5/W1 (July 31, 2013): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-w1-209-2013.

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Schuhr, W., and J. D. Lee. "Filling gaps in cultural heritage documentation by 3D photography." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 13, 2015): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-365-2015.

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This contribution promotes 3D photography as an important tool to obtain objective object information. Keeping mainly in mind World Heritage documentation as well as Heritage protection, it is another intention of this paper, to stimulate the interest in applications of 3D photography for professionals as well as for amateurs. In addition this is also an activity report of the international CIPA task group 3. The main part of this paper starts with “Digging the treasure of existing international 3D photography”. This does not only belong to tangible but also to intangible Cultural Heritage. 3D photography clearly supports the recording, the visualization, the preservation and the restoration of architectural and archaeological objects. Therefore the use of 3D photography in C.H. should increase on an international level. The presented samples in 3D represent a voluminous, almost partly “forgotten treasure” of international archives for 3D photography. <br><br> The next chapter is on “Promoting new 3D photography in Cultural Heritage”. Though 3D photographs are a well-established basic photographic and photogrammetric tool, even suited to provide “near real” documentation, they are still a matter of research and improvement. Beside the use of 3D cameras even single lenses cameras are very much suited for photographic 3D documentation purposes in Cultural Heritage. <br><br> Currently at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg-Stendal, low altitude aerial photography is exposed from a maximum height of 13m, using a hand hold carbon telescope rod. The use of this “huge selfie stick” is also an (international) recommendation, to expose high resolution 3D photography of monuments under expedition conditions. In addition to the carbon rod recently a captive balloon and a hexacopter UAV- platform is in use, mainly to take better synoptically (extremely low altitude, ground truth) aerial photography. Additional experiments with respect to “easy geometry” and to multistage concepts of 3D photographs in Cultural Heritage just started. Furthermore a revised list of the 3D visualization principles, claiming completeness, has been carried out. Beside others in an outlook <br><br> *It is highly recommended, to list every historical and current stereo view with relevance to Cultural Heritage in a global Monument Information System (MIS), like in google earth. <br><br> *3D photographs seem to be very suited, to complete and/or at least partly to replace manual archaeological sketches. In this concern the still underestimated 3D effect will be demonstrated, which even allows, e.g., the spatial perception of extremely small scratches etc... <br><br> *A consequent dealing with 3D Technology even seems to indicate, currently we experience the beginning of a new age of “real 3DPC- screens“, which at least could add or even partly replace the conventional 2D screens. Here the spatial visualization is verified without glasses in an all-around vitreous body. In this respect nowadays widespread lasered crystals showing monuments are identified as “Early Bird“ 3D products, which, due to low resolution and contrast and due to lack of color, currently might even remember to the status of the invention of photography by Niepce (1827), but seem to promise a great future also in 3D Cultural Heritage documentation. <br><br> *Last not least 3D printers more and more seem to conquer the IT-market, obviously showing an international competition.
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Tryfonos, G., M. Ioannides, A. G. Anastasi, V. A. Apostolou, P. P. Pieri, M. A. Koundouris, and F. G. Savva. "CULTURAL HERITAGE MONUMENT DOCUMENTATION THROUGH ADAPTIVE PARAMETRIC DESIGN PROCESS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (August 28, 2021): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-769-2021.

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Abstract. The paper presents a novel adaptive parametric documentation, modelling and sharing methodology, which aims to achieve a continuous holistic documentation, data processing and sharing process for cultural heritage community, such as architects, engineers, archaeologists, conservators, programmers, fabricators, contest creators, game developers, scholars and common citizens. Thus, the use of advance parametric and building information modelling software allows the processing and specification of all data by creating the 3D models needed for the multidisciplinary experts. Two Cypriot case studies from the medieval time period have been chosen for the development, and evaluation of our proposed methodology in order to investigate the process of modelling and sharing all the given metadata and 3D data. The first one is the Asinou Church, a UNESCO Heritage stone monument in the Troodos Mountains with a unique interior and the Kolossi Castle, a former Crusader stronghold on the west of the city of Limassol on the island of Cyprus.
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Gautier, Quentin Kevin, Thomas G. Garrison, Ferrill Rushton, Nicholas Bouck, Eric Lo, Peter Tueller, Curt Schurgers, and Ryan Kastner. "Low-cost 3D scanning systems for cultural heritage documentation." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 10, no. 4 (May 27, 2020): 437–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-03-2020-0032.

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PurposeDigital documentation techniques of tunneling excavations at archaeological sites are becoming more common. These methods, such as photogrammetry and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), are able to create precise three-dimensional models of excavations to complement traditional forms of documentation with millimeter to centimeter accuracy. However, these techniques require either expensive pieces of equipment or a long processing time that can be prohibitive during short field seasons in remote areas. This article aims to determine the effectiveness of various low-cost sensors and real-time algorithms to create digital scans of archaeological excavations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a class of algorithms called SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) along with depth-sensing cameras. While these algorithms have largely improved over recent years, the accuracy of the results still depends on the scanning conditions. The authors developed a prototype of a scanning device and collected 3D data at a Maya archaeological site and refined the instrument in a system of natural caves. This article presents an analysis of the resulting 3D models to determine the effectiveness of the various sensors and algorithms employed.FindingsWhile not as accurate as commercial LiDAR systems, the prototype presented, employing a time-of-flight depth sensor and using a feature-based SLAM algorithm, is a rapid and effective way to document archaeological contexts at a fraction of the cost.Practical implicationsThe proposed system is easy to deploy, provides real-time results and would be particularly useful in salvage operations as well as in high-risk areas where cultural heritage is threatened.Originality/valueThis article compares many different low-cost scanning solutions for underground excavations, along with presenting a prototype that can be easily replicated for documentation purposes.
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Soler, Francisco, Francisco Javier Melero, and Maria Victoria Luzón. "A complete 3D information system for cultural heritage documentation." Journal of Cultural Heritage 23 (January 2017): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2016.09.008.

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Saha, Sunita, Amalia Siatou, Christian Degrigny, Alamin Mansouri, and Robert Sitnik. "Appearance segmentation and documentation applied to cultural heritage surfaces." Electronic Imaging 35, no. 17 (January 16, 2023): 101–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/ei.2023.35.17.3dia-101.

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Almagro Vidal, A., A. Tandon, and R. Eppich. "First aid to Cultural Heritage. Training initiatives on rapid documentation." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 11, 2015): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-13-2015.

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Recent dramatic events have brought to the forefront the debate on how to protect, safeguard and document Cultural Heritage in conflict areas. Heritage places have become battlefields, sources of illicit trafficking and even deliberate targets of destruction because of the politicisation to further conflict ideologies as well as misinterpretation of the values they represent. Is it possible to protect Cultural Heritage under such circumstances? If yes, when is the right time to intervene and who can help in this task? How can documentation and training assist? <br><br> The International Course on First Aid to Cultural Heritage in Times of Crisis promoted by ICCROM (The International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property) in collaboration with various partners focuses specifically on ways to help in such difficult and stressful situations. This paper explores the methodological approach and highlights the special circumstances that surround rapid documentation and preliminary condition assessment in conflict areas, and in cases of complex emergencies such as an earthquake striking a conflict area. The paper identifies international actors that might play a special and crucial role in the first steps of such a situation and recognizes the need for training activities to strengthen capacities for disaster response to cultural heritage at national and regional levels.
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Rodríguez Echavarria, Karina, and Jaime Kaminski. "Deploying 3D technologies for the documentation of tangible cultural heritage." Virtual Archaeology Review 3, no. 5 (May 13, 2012): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2012.4539.

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<p>Increasingly, visitors and cultural heritage professionals expect more from 3D technologies. The 3D-COFORM project aims to make 3D technology a practical proposition for use in the cultural heritage sector. While developing state of the art tools targeted to a diverse group of users, the project is also researching on the practical issues for the technologies’ implementation on heritage organisations. This paper describes the methodology to achieve this; as well as different types of testing conducted by the project. Moreover, it proposes three deployment models and describes one of them in more detail. Although, these results are preliminary they are expected to contribute towards the sector considering 3D technologies as a sustainable option.</p>
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Dhonju, H. K., W. Xiao, V. Sarhosis, J. P. Mills, S. Wilkinson, Z. Wang, L. Thapa, and U. S. Panday. "FEASIBILITY STUDY OF LOW-COST IMAGE-BASED HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION IN NEPAL." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W3 (February 23, 2017): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w3-237-2017.

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Cultural heritage structural documentation is of great importance in terms of historical preservation, tourism, educational and spiritual values. Cultural heritage across the world, and in Nepal in particular, is at risk from various natural hazards (e.g. earthquakes, flooding, rainfall etc), poor maintenance and preservation, and even human destruction. This paper evaluates the feasibility of low-cost photogrammetric modelling cultural heritage sites, and explores the practicality of using photogrammetry in Nepal. The full pipeline of 3D modelling for heritage documentation and conservation, including visualisation, reconstruction, and structure analysis, is proposed. In addition, crowdsourcing is discussed as a method of data collection of growing prominence.
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Boochs, F., A. Trémeau, O. Murphy, M. Gerke, J. L. Lerma, A. Karmacharya, and M. Karaszewski. "Towards A Knowledge Model Bridging Technologies And Applications In Cultural Heritage Documentation." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5 (May 28, 2014): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-81-2014.

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This paper documents the formulation of an international, interdisciplinary study, on a concerted European level, to prepare an innovative, reliable, independent and global knowledge base facilitating the use of today’s and future optical measuring techniques for the documentation of cultural heritage. Cultural heritage professionals, color engineers and scientists share similar goals for the documentation, curation, long-term preservation and representation of cultural heritage artifacts. Their focus is on accuracy in the digital capture and remediation of artefacts through a range of temporal, spatial and technical constraints. A shared vocabulary to interrogate these shared concerns will transform mutual understanding and facilitate an agreed movement forward in cultural heritage documentation here proposed in the work of the COST Action Color and Space in Cultural Heritage (COSCH). The goal is a model that captures the shared concerns of professionals for a standards-based solution with an organic Linked Data model. The knowledge representation proposed here invokes a GUI interface for non-expert users of capture technologies, facilitates, and formulates their engagement with key questions for the field.
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Eppich, R., and J. L. Garcia Grinda. "Management Documentation: Indicators & Good Practice at Cultural Heritage Places." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 11, 2015): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-133-2015.

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Documentation for cultural heritage places usually refers to describing the physical attributes, surrounding context, condition or environment; most of the time with images, graphics, maps or digital 3D models in their various forms with supporting textural information. Just as important as this type of information is the documentation of managerial attributes. How do managers of cultural heritage places collect information related to financial or economic well-being? How are data collected over time measured, and what are significant indicators for improvement? What quality of indicator is good enough? <br><br> Good management of cultural heritage places is essential for conservation longevity, preservation of values and enjoyment by the public. But how is management documented? The paper will describe the research methodology, selection and description of attributes or indicators related to good management practice. It will describe the criteria for indicator selection and why they are important, how and when they are collected, by whom, and the difficulties in obtaining this information. As importantly it will describe how this type of documentation directly contributes to improving conservation practice. Good practice summaries will be presented that highlight this type of documentation including Pamplona and Ávila, Spain and Valletta, Malta. Conclusions are drawn with preliminary recommendations for improvement of this important aspect of documentation. Documentation of this nature is not typical and presents a unique challenge to collect, measure and communicate easily. However, it is an essential category that is often ignored yet absolutely essential in order to conserve cultural heritage places.
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Tapinaki, S., M. Skamantzari, A. Anastasiou, S. Koutros, E. Syrokou, and A. Georgopoulos. "3D HOLISTIC DOCUMENTATION OF HERITAGE MONUMENTS IN RHODES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (August 28, 2021): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-739-2021.

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Abstract. This paper focuses on the holistic 3D geometric documentation of four Cultural Heritage buildings, of different historic eras, on the island of Rhodes. The main scope was to produce the 3D models and all required products according to the needs and specifications set by the EU funded HYPERION project. The ideal combination of multi-source data acquisition and processing was employed, which is the modern perception for the methodology of geometric documentation of monuments. The workflow for the combination of geodetic, photogrammetric and laser scanning data acquisition methods is described in detail. Very decisive factor in carrying out fieldwork for data acquisition was the time frame, which was very limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The establishing of a holistic framework for the documentation of Cultural Heritage by carrying out a wide range of multidisciplinary research, acquiring and combining datasets from various sensors and sources, as well as by developing innovative tools for systematic monitoring gives substantial results in order to protect, preserve and enhance Cultural Heritage sites. The documentation results are presented and discussed for their usefulness for the project.
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Agosto, Eros, and Leandro Bornaz. "3D Models in Cultural Heritage." International Journal of Computational Methods in Heritage Science 1, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcmhs.2017010101.

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Metric surveys are a key component in Cultural Heritage. Metric surveys are in fact a basic input for a wide range of activities, from documentation to study, from restoration to valorization, that rely on the current condition of the monument. In recent years, laser scanning and, more recently, digital photogrammetry offered new perspectives, widening the perspectives of 3D Cultural Heritage recording. Digital technologies provide new ways to collaborate, record excavations, and restore artifacts, and in such a way they are transforming the way Cultural Heritage practitioners (researchers, archaeologists, curators) work. This paper attempts to review the methods for 3D digitization that are today available and discuss the possible use of 3D models beyond the pure extraction of reliable and accurate measures.
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Parrinello, Sandro, and Anna Dell’Amico. "Experience of Documentation for the Accessibility of Widespread Cultural Heritage." Heritage 2, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 1032–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2010067.

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The will to preserve and enhance cultural heritage imposes reflections on databases as containers of information for the accessibility of dispersed heritage. The aim of the research is to validate methodological approaches in order to create 3D models and information systems. These tools improve accessibility to the artifact, according to different interconnection channels, in order to overcome the physical limit imposed by location. Tangible and intangible heritage take the form of a metadata network throughout a critical analysis and elaboration of data. These files create a complex database containing 3D models rich in information that describe cultural systems. The digital survey is the starting point for the development of languages, signs and symbols. It transfers complex objects into virtual systems, developing a multidimensional dialogue capable of integrating actions and meanings. The interactivity of complex databases facilitates the accessibility and disclosure of data to a wide audience. It requires the establishment of representation systems based on the development of virtual environments.
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Stylianidis, E. "CIPA - Heritage Documentation: 50 Years: Looking Backwards." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W14 (September 11, 2019): 1–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w14-1-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The ICOMOS-ISPRS Scientific Committee, CIPA-Heritage Documentation is proud to present this publication in the occasion of its 50th birthday.</p><p>Our intention with this publication is to look backwards at the achievements of CIPA while at the same time to look ahead the future of cultural heritage documentation.</p><p>The publication begins with the introductory messages from the Presidents of CIPA, ISPRS and ICOMOS respectively. The first contribution concerns the future of cultural heritage documentation, with respect to the editor’s perspective. Andreas Georgopoulos, current CIPA President (2015–2019) discusses the CIPA slides on architectural photogrammetry and the application of contemporary technologies from its early years. Peter Waldhäusl, past and honorary President of CIPA, writes on the foundation and fundamentals of CIPA in memory of Maurice Carbonnell (1923–2015) and Hans Foramitti (1923–1982), the so-called “fathers of CIPA”. Ross Dallas, an honorary committee member of CIPA, is looking backwards to the late 80s to share some personal thoughts. Bill Blake also is looking towards the history of CIPA and the English Heritage Metric Survey Publication Programme 2000–2009. The publication concludes with the contribution of Fulvio Rinaudo, concerning two CIPA initiatives, the "O. Wagner Pavillon Test" and the "RecorDIM Initiative".</p>
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Ramos, M. M., and F. Remondino. "Data fusion in Cultural Heritage – A Review." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 13, 2015): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-359-2015.

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Geometric documentation is one of the most important task of the Cultural Heritage (CH) conservation and management policies. 3D documentation, prior to any conservation and restoration works, is considered a basic pre-requisite for preserving, understanding, communicating and valorizing CH sites and objects (London Charter, 2009; Sevilla Principles, 2011). <br><br> 3D models have become the usual way of digitally preserving, communicating, explaining and disseminat ing cultural knowledge, as they have the capability of reproducing ancient states and behaviors. Using photo-realistic and accurate 3D models, the current conservation state can be shown and preserve for future generations. But despite the large request of 3D models in the CH field, there is no 3D documentation method which can properly satisfy all the areas with their requirements, therefore a fusion methodology (of data and sensors) is normally required and performed. The paper analyzes the fusion concept and levels as well as some merging approaches so far presented in the research community. While the paper will be necessarily incomplete due to space limitations, it will hopefully give an understanding on the actual methods of data fusion and clarify some open research issues.
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Colson, A. "DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION OF SHIPS IN CULTURAL HERITAGE: A EUROPEAN REVIEW." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 18, 2017): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-129-2017.

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Ships of different shapes and times are lying in harbours, on land or in museums, all over the world. Our aim with this paper was to review work done on digital documentation of ships in Cultural Heritage based on different initiatives in Europe using Coordinate Measuring Machine (Newport Ship and Doel 1); Total Station Theodolite (Vasa and Mary-Rose) and Laser scanning (LaScanMar and Traditional boats of Ireland). Our results showed that some discrepancy exist between the projects, in terms of techniques and expertise at hand. Furthermore, few guidelines have been in practice but only for Archaeology and Ethnology. However, no standards are existing. Three focuses have emerged: documentation of single ship elements, monitoring of the long-term deformation processes and the documentation of collections of ships. We discussed the diversity of expert’s background and the complexity of comparability between projects.<br><br> In conclusion, guidelines are necessary to enable a common ground for all professions to work together, e.g. in Architecture. This path must be taken now for digital documentation of ships, if not information and knowledge will be lost on the way.
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Kıvılcım, C. Ö., and Z. Duran. "A SEMI-AUTOMATED POINT CLOUD PROCESSING METHODOLOGY FOR 3D CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 15, 2016): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b5-293-2016.

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The preliminary phase in any architectural heritage project is to obtain metric measurements and documentation of the building and its individual elements. On the other hand, conventional measurement techniques require tremendous resources and lengthy project completion times for architectural surveys and 3D model production. Over the past two decades, the widespread use of laser scanning and digital photogrammetry have significantly altered the heritage documentation process. Furthermore, advances in these technologies have enabled robust data collection and reduced user workload for generating various levels of products, from single buildings to expansive cityscapes. More recently, the use of procedural modelling methods and BIM relevant applications for historic building documentation purposes has become an active area of research, however fully automated systems in cultural heritage documentation still remains open. In this paper, we present a semi-automated methodology, for 3D façade modelling of cultural heritage assets based on parametric and procedural modelling techniques and using airborne and terrestrial laser scanning data. We present the contribution of our methodology, which we implemented in an open source software environment using the example project of a 16th century early classical era Ottoman structure, Sinan the Architect’s Şehzade Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey.
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Kıvılcım, C. Ö., and Z. Duran. "A SEMI-AUTOMATED POINT CLOUD PROCESSING METHODOLOGY FOR 3D CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 15, 2016): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b5-293-2016.

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The preliminary phase in any architectural heritage project is to obtain metric measurements and documentation of the building and its individual elements. On the other hand, conventional measurement techniques require tremendous resources and lengthy project completion times for architectural surveys and 3D model production. Over the past two decades, the widespread use of laser scanning and digital photogrammetry have significantly altered the heritage documentation process. Furthermore, advances in these technologies have enabled robust data collection and reduced user workload for generating various levels of products, from single buildings to expansive cityscapes. More recently, the use of procedural modelling methods and BIM relevant applications for historic building documentation purposes has become an active area of research, however fully automated systems in cultural heritage documentation still remains open. In this paper, we present a semi-automated methodology, for 3D façade modelling of cultural heritage assets based on parametric and procedural modelling techniques and using airborne and terrestrial laser scanning data. We present the contribution of our methodology, which we implemented in an open source software environment using the example project of a 16th century early classical era Ottoman structure, Sinan the Architect’s Şehzade Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey.
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Webb, E. K., S. Robson, L. MacDonald, D. Garside, and R. Evans. "SPECTRAL AND 3D CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION USING A MODIFIED CAMERA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2 (May 30, 2018): 1183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-1183-2018.

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Spectral and 3D imaging techniques are used for museum imaging and cultural heritage documentation providing complementary information to aid in documenting the condition, informing the care, and increasing our understanding of objects. Specialised devices for spectral and 3D imaging may not be accessible for many heritage institutions, due to cost and complexity, and the modification of a consumer digital camera presents the potential of an accessible scientific tool for 2D and 3D spectral imaging. Consumer digital cameras are optimised for visible light, colour photography, but the underlying sensor is inherently sensitive to near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared radiation. This research presents the characterisation of a modified camera to investigate the impact of the modification on the spectroradiometric and geometric image quality with the intention of the device being used as a scientific tool for cultural heritage documentation. The characterisation includes the assessment of 2D image quality looking at visual noise, sharpness, and sampling efficiency using the target and software associated with the Federal Agencies Digitization Guidelines Initiative. Results suggest that these modifications give rise to discrepancies in computed surface geometries of the order of &amp;plusmn;&amp;thinsp;0.1&amp;thinsp;mm for small to medium sized objects used in the study and recorded in the round (maximum dimension 20&amp;thinsp;cm). Measuring the spectral response quantifies the modified camera as a scientific device for more accurate measurements and provides indications of wavelengths that could improve documentation based on sensitivity. The modification of a consumer digital camera provides a less expensive, high-resolution option for 2D and 3D spectral imaging.
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Höhle, J. "OBLIQUE AERIAL IMAGES AND THEIR USE IN CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W2 (July 22, 2013): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w2-349-2013.

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Goerz, Guenther, and Martin Scholz. "Adaptation of NLP Techniques to Cultural Heritage Research and Documentation." Journal of Computing and Information Technology 18, no. 4 (2010): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2498/cit.1001918.

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Shanoer, Mohsin M., and Fanar M. Abed. "Evaluate 3D laser point clouds registration for cultural heritage documentation." Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science 21, no. 3 (December 2018): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2017.11.007.

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Yastikli, Naci. "Documentation of cultural heritage using digital photogrammetry and laser scanning." Journal of Cultural Heritage 8, no. 4 (September 2007): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2007.06.003.

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Kioussi, Anastasia, Maria Karoglou, Kyriakos Labropoulos, Asterios Bakolas, and Antonia Moropoulou. "Integrated documentation protocols enabling decision making in cultural heritage protection." Journal of Cultural Heritage 14, no. 3 (June 2013): e141-e146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2013.01.007.

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Bakirman, Tolga, Bulent Bayram, Burak Akpinar, M. Fahri Karabulut, Onur Can Bayrak, Alper Yigitoglu, and Dursun Zafer Seker. "Implementation of ultra-light UAV systems for cultural heritage documentation." Journal of Cultural Heritage 44 (July 2020): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2020.01.006.

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