Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cultural health approach'
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Parker, Andrea Grimes. "A cultural, community-based approach to health technology design." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41157.
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This research has examined how Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can promote healthy eating habits amongst African Americans in low-income neighborhoods, a population that faces disproportionately high rates of diet-related health problems. In this dissertation, I describe the formative research I conducted to obtain system design guidelines and how I used those guidelines to develop two applications: EatWell and Community Mosaic. I also describe the results of the in-depth field studies I conducted to evaluate each application. Both EatWell and Community Mosaic incorporate the cultural construct of collectivism, a social orientation in which interdependence and communal responsibility are valued over individual goals and independence. As researchers have generally characterized the African American culture as collectivistic and argued for the value of designing collectivistic health interventions for this population, I examined the implications of taking such an approach to designing health promotion technologies. EatWell and Community Mosaic are collectivistic because they empower users to care for the health of their local community by helping others learn practical, locally-relevant healthy eating strategies.
I discuss the results of my formative fieldwork and system evaluations, which characterize the value, challenge and nuances of developing community-based health information sharing systems for specific cultural contexts. By focusing on health disparities issues and the community social unit, I extend previous health technology research within Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). In particular, my results describe 1) a set of characteristics that help make shared material useful and engaging, 2) how accessing this information affects how people view the feasibility of eating well in their local context, 3) the way in which sharing information actually benefits the contributor by catalyzing personal behavior reflection, analysis and modification and 4) how sharing information and seeing that information's impact on others can help to build individuals' capacity to be a community health advocate. In addition, my work shows how examining cultural generalizations such as collectivism is not a straightforward process but one that requires careful investigation and appreciation for the way in which such generalizations are (or are not) manifested in the lives of individual people. I further contribute to HCI by presenting a set of important considerations that researchers should make when designing and evaluating community-based health systems. I conclude this dissertation by outlining directions for future HCI research that incorporates an understanding of the relationship between culture and health and that attempts to address health disparities in the developed world.
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Hunter, Linda M. "Traditional Aboriginal healing practices: An ethnographic approach." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26662.
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This thesis explores traditional Aboriginal healing practices as they relate to health issues by asking the research question "How do urban-based First Nations peoples use healing traditions to address their health issues?" The purpose of this thesis was to explore the healing traditions of urban-based First Nations peoples. The objectives were to describe the use of Aboriginal healing traditions, discuss how these traditions addressed health issues, and explore the link between such traditions and holism in nursing practice.
Critical ethnography was the qualitative research method used for this thesis. Data collection consisted of eight individual interviews, participant observations over a period of four months, and field notes. The three major categories that emerged from the data analysis were (a) the following of a cultural path, (b) the gaining of balance, and (c) the circle of life. The theme of healing holistically emerged. Healing holistically includes following a cultural path by regaining culture through the use of healing traditions; gaining balance in the four realms of the spiritual, emotional, mental, and physical self, and sharing culture between Aboriginal peoples and non-Aboriginal health professionals, as part of the circle of life.
Implications for practice include incorporating the concepts of balance, a holistic outlook, and healing and culture into the health care of diverse First Nations groups. Healing holistically is an ongoing process that continues throughout the lifespan. This process can contribute to empowerment for Aboriginal peoples through an enhanced state of health reached by using traditional healing and understood through a critical ethnography approach.
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Young, Poungchompoo, and may01@bigpond net au. "Television and drug abuse: a cultural studies approach to Thai health communication research." RMIT University. Media & Communication, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091111.095138.
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The main objective of this thesis is to illustrate the benefits of using a cultural studies approach in the field of health communication research in Thailand. In this thesis I apply a cultural studies approach to examine the construction of meanings involving drug use and abuse in Thai television advertisements and dramas. The thesis has as its focus analyses of television texts and audience responses. The major arguments advanced in this thesis are that: (a) the causes of drug use and abuse are complex; (b) drug use and abuse, particularly given the 'risk culture' and 'risk society' of the post-modern world, are products of individual social and cultural contexts; (c) cultural studies assist us to better understand the cultural dimension of human behaviour, including the causes of drug use and abuse; and so (d) by adopting a cultural studies approach to the design and production of health promotion campaigns, such campaigns may be made more effective. The thesis argues that in designing health promotion campaigns, health professionals should be concerned to better understand the complexity of their audiences and the manner in which members of those audiences construct meanings and make sense of texts. Should they do so, the designers of health promotion campaigns may, thereby, develop a more sophisticated understanding of what is necessary to contribute to changing audience behaviour. This, in turn, may assist them to improve the design and effectiveness of future health promotion campaigns. The principal tool drawn from cultural studies used in this thesis is textual analysis. This research method involves making an educated guess at some of the most likely interpretations that might be made of a text. In addition, it demonstrates the complexity of the process of making media texts. The texts analysed in this study are selected from two genres of television: television advertisements and television dramas. I analyse television advertisements used in health promotion / drug prevention campaigns broadcast in Thailand in the period from 1990 to 2004 and two well known Thai television dramas entitled Kam See Than Don: KSTD (1999) and Num Poo: NP (2002).
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Amoah, Maame A. "FASHIONFUTURISM: The Afrofuturistic Approach To Cultural Identity inContemporary Black Fashion." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent15960737328946.
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Vardeman, Jennifer Eileen. "Women's meaning making of cervical cancer campaigns using a cultural approach to redefine women's involvement with their health /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3263.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Communication. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Jackson, Michelle B. "Addressing mental health needs on college campuses| Utilizing recovery principles that encourage a holistic approach, selfresponsibility, strengths-based practice, cultural sensitivity, and family support." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10038735.
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Research shows that there has been a significant increase in mental health issues within the college student population. Applying recovery-oriented principles as defined by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) may be an effective approach to creating and adapting mental health resources for college students. In the current study, literature on the following was reviewed: (a) the college culture, (b) the prevalence of mental health issues for college students, and (c) recovery-oriented principles. Then, a critical analysis of the literature was conducted based upon the following recovery-oriented principles: (a) encouraging a holistic approach, (b) self-responsibility and self-empowerment, (c) strengths-based practice, (d) cultural sensitivity), and (e) family support. Findings indicate that holistic resources highlight individual needs and creativity; programs that encourage self-responsibility underscore the importance of self-screenings; strengths-based approaches are centered around building self-esteem and increasing positive emotions; culturally sensitive resources are often group-oriented and acknowledge multiple facets of diversity, and programming that promotes family support emphasizes psychoeducation and stigma reduction. Based upon the integration of these findings, adaptations of current efforts on campus to promote these principles, as well as new ideas, are provided.
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Moreno, Torres Karla Irazema. "The Wildlife-Livestock Interface of Infectious Disease Dynamics: A One Health Approach." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460896947.
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Chama, Samson. "Program Approach for Childheaded Households in Zambia." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1614.
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Using an emergent design, this study developed a program approach for young people in the child headed households of Zambia. Phase I dealt with prior ethnography, Phase II focused on independent living services, and Phase III concerned translation to Zambia. A total of 36 participants from Richmond, consisting of 20 Richmond Department of Social Services workers and youth and 16 Africans, were recruited. Three major themes emerged: feasibility, content, and quality. Lessons learned about translational research highlight the need for uniformity in a cultural screen’s composition. This might enhance the richness of perspectives on young people. Lessons for the Department of Social Services include a need to focus on tracking young people exiting services. This might involve exit interviews with young people and guidance with life decisions. There were lessons about decisions regarding local and expert knowledge in the translation process. This often becomes difficult when there are no assurances of participant uniformity. Paying attention to issues of local and expert knowledge would eliminate decision barriers that might arise during the translational process. Implications for social work education suggest that an emphasis on cultural competency might help students at the BSW and MSW levels to become better managers of adolescents. Implications for practice and policy include enhancing access to education and health for all young people. This process might be facilitated by the enactment of polices that highlight education and health for all young people at national and state levels. The following are crucial considerations for practice with young people: recruiting and training appropriate staff, promoting civic education, collaborating with young people, strengthening community involvement, strengthening agency collaboration, and developing targeted services. Implications for further research include: exploring what areas to consider when making a paradigm jump, considering cultural principles as bridges for making that jump, examining the implications for translational research as opposed to diffusion of innovation, determining what types of research samples would eliminate some of the gender issues that emerge with focus groups, recruiting more young people as participants, and conducting a study that focuses on lived experiences of young people.
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Mathew, Lilly. "Developing Content for an Online Virtual Interactive Simulation Case for Cultural Competency of Nursing Students in Caring for Puerto Ricans in New York City: A Community Based Participatory Research Approach." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/594932.
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With growing cultural diversity in the United States (U.S.), health disparities continue to exist among many ethnic minority populations impacting the U.S. economy. Health disparities are health differences that are noted in a particular cultural group in respect to higher rates of diseases and deaths in comparison to others. These cultural groups have common attributes and can be based on race, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation, income, residential location and many others. One such example is individuals of Puerto Rican heritage, the second largest Hispanic group living in the U.S. mainland. Puerto Ricans are identified to have multiple health disparities in comparison to other Hispanic and non-Hispanic population groups living in the U.S. Among other factors, common cultural health care beliefs and practices of individuals impact health outcomes. Healthcare professionals like nurses are expected to provide culturally competent care to vulnerable populations with known health disparities. Culturally competent care refers to delivering care congruent with patients' cultural beliefs and practices. Therefore, it is important to educate health professionals regarding caring for vulnerable populations. The purpose of this community-based participatory research (CBPR) study was to develop content for an educational tool, an online virtual interactive simulation (OVIS) case for developing cultural competency of nursing students in caring for the Puerto Rican population of New York City (NYC). The content development for OVIS was guided by the framework for Cultural Competency Simulation Experiences (CCSE), which was developed as a part of this dissertation. The CCSE framework guided the content development of OVIS using a CBPR approach. A community advisory board was developed which consisted of cultural, clinical and educational experts, residing in New York and Puerto Rico.
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Camargo, Silvia Regina Baldo de. "Significados de saúde para crianças de cinco anos e formação de conceitos à luz da abordagem histórico-cultural: reflexões para a promoção da saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22131/tde-06022015-190734/.
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Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar os significados que crianças de 5 anos atribuem à saúde, à luz da abordagem histórico-cultural. Apresenta como objetivos específicos: Identificar os significados atribuídos à saúde pelas crianças de 5 anos; Analisar tais significados no contexto da concepção teórica de promoção da saúde; Analisar a atribuição dos significados de saúde pela criança, à luz da abordagem histórico-cultural; Relacionar a atribuição dos significados pelas crianças ao processo de formação dos conceitos da abordagem histórico-cultural. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, apoiada no referencial de promoção da saúde que tem a perspectiva de engajar sujeitos na busca por um ambiente mais saudável, e com fundamentação teórico-metodológica pautada na abordagem histórico- cultural de Vigotski, cujo foco é o estudo do homem e suas funções psicológicas, destacando o pensamento e a linguagem em suas origens sociais, enfatizando a cultura como parte da natureza do indivíduo e atribuindo papel fundamental à educação, pois considera que o aprendizado entre seres humanos, imersos em uma mesma sociedade, dá o acesso aos bens produzidos culturalmente. A construção dos dados realizou-se em uma escola pública no interior do Estado de São Paulo, com 20 crianças de 5 anos, a partir do Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias com Tema, em atividade individual com cada criança. Toda a atividade foi gravada em áudio, sendo as falas transcritas e os desenhos digitalizados. Os resultados foram organizados em quatro unidades de análise: O modelo biomédico/biológico da saúde; A significação da saúde como bem-estar de si e do outro; A relação entre a saúde e o cuidado; A ação do adulto ou do outro na saúde da criança. A análise indicou que há participantes que significam a saúde pela dimensão biologizante, como há os que o fazem pela perspectiva da promoção da saúde; apontam a importância do papel do adulto na saúde da criança bem como a relação intrínseca entre cuidado e saúde. As atribuições de significados pelas crianças constituem a base do processo de formação de conceitos sobre saúde, e diferentes etapas dessa construção foram identificadas. Entende-se que os significados sobre saúde aqui trazidos, bem como aspectos da formação de conceitos, podem nortear professores e profissionais da saúde nos trabalhos de educação em saúde na escola, favorecendo vivências a partir daquilo que as crianças ressignificam como seres histórico-culturais, propiciando a criatividade, a curiosidade e a crítica sobre o \"ser saudável\" e tendo em vista que o processo de significação acontece de forma contínua, na mediação do sujeito com o mundoIn this research, the main objective was to analyze the meanings that five-year-old children attributed to health in the light of historical-cultural approach, presenting the following specific objectives: To identify the meanings attributed to health by five-year-old children; To analyze these meanings in the context of the theoretical conception of health promotion; To analyze the attribution of the meanings of health by the child in the light of historical-cultural approach; To relate the attribution of meanings by children to the process of concept formation of cultural-historical approach. The study is a qualitative research, based on the concept of health promotion that aims to engage individuals in the search for a healthier environment, and with theoretical and methodological foundation guided by the cultural- historical approach of Vygotsky, whose focus is the study of the man and his psychological functions, highlighting the thought and the language in their social origins, emphasizing culture as part of the individual\'s nature and assigning a key role to education, since he considers that learning among humans, who are immersed in the same society, gives access to goods produced culturally. The construction of the data was carried out in a public school in the state of São Paulo, with 20 children of five years old using the Drawing-and-Story Procedure with theme in an individual activity with each child. Every activity was recorded in audio, the speeches were transcribed and the drawings were scanned. The results were organized into four units of analysis: The biomedical/biological model of health; The significance of health as well-being of oneself and others; The relation between health and care; The action of adults or others in the child\'s health. The analysis indicated that there are participants who meant health by biologizing dimension, as there are those who did so from the perspective of health promotion; pointing to the importance of the role of the adult in child\'s health as well as the intrinsic relationship between health and care. The attribution of meanings by children constitutes the basis of the process of concept formation about health and different stages of this construction were identified. It is understood that the meanings of health brought here, as well as aspects of concept formation, can guide teachers and health professionals in the work of health education in school, encouraging experiences from what children resignify as historical and cultural beings, providing creativity, curiosity and criticism about \"being healthy\" considering that the signification process happens continuously in the mediation of the individual with the world
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Scarpini, Neire Aparecida Machado. "Promoção da saúde na escola: o olhar de professores da educação básica sobre licenciandos de enfermagem em ação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22131/tde-04082016-191800/.
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O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o olhar do professor da Educação Básica sobre ações de promoção da saúde na escola desenvolvidas por licenciandos em enfermagem. Tais ações, atendendo as exigências do Sistema Único de Saúde e das Diretrizes Curriculares do Curso de Enfermagem, podem constituir-se como referência para a criação de espaços compartilhados entre educação e saúde na escola. Constituem-se objetivos específicos da pesquisa: identificar as concepções dos professores sobre promoção da saúde; analisar os significados atribuídos pelos professores às ações dos licenciandos em enfermagem na escola; analisar as relações apresentadas pelos professores entre educação e saúde na escola. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de abordagem teórica-metodológica histórico-cultural. Foi desenvolvido em três escolas públicas de uma cidade do interior paulista, denominadas aqui de Escola do Jardim, Escola do Lago e Escola do Bosque. Vinte e oito professores participaram dos encontros de grupo focal, sendo realizados dois em cada escola, com a presença em média de seis professores por encontro. Os dados foram analisados, resultando nas seguintes unidades temáticas: Concepção dos professores sobre promoção da saúde; Papel da escola versus papel dos profissionais da saúde; Práticas educativas dos professores versus práticas educativas dos licenciandos; Parceria possível: educação e saúde. Os resultados indicaram: o conceito de promoção da saúde não faz parte do cotidiano das práticas escolares e tem associação direta com o conceito de saúde ligado à prevenção de doenças, numa visão higienista, indicando necessidade de maior compreensão sobre a noção de saúde e a ampliação de conhecimento sobre seus cuidados; contribuições dos enfermeiros licenciandos em relação aos conhecimentos e metodologia para a educação em saúde; prática de promoção da saúde como uma complementariedade do conhecimento desenvolvido na escola pelos professores contribuindo com a aprendizagem e favorecendo a zona de desenvolvimento proximal dos envolvidos a partir ações pedagógicas planejadas e orientadas numa perspectiva histórico-crítica. Apontam para a importância de elementos mediadores de conhecimento sobre saúde para alunos, familiares e professores, possíveis de serem efetivados na parceria intersetorial de Saúde e EducaçãoThe aim of the present study was to analyze the view of basic education teachers on the health promotion actions developed by nursing undergraduate students at schools. These actions, in compliance with the demands of the Brazilian Unified Health System and the Curricular Guidelines of the Nursing Program, can represent a reference for the creation of shared spaces for education and health at schools. The specific objectives of this study were to identify the conceptions of teachers on health promotion; analyze the meanings attributed by teachers to the actions of the nursing undergraduates at the studied schools; and analyze the relationships presented by the teachers between education and health at the schools. This was a qualitative study, using a historical-cultural theoretical and methodological approach, which was developed in three public schools in a city in the state of São Paulo, hereinafter called Escola do Jardim, Escola do Lago and Escola do Bosque. A total of 28 teachers participated in focus group meetings, with two meetings taking place in each school with the attendance of six teachers per meeting, on average. The data were analyzed, resulting in the following thematic units: Teachers\' conceptions on health promotion; Schools\' role versus health professionals\' role; Educational practices of teachers versus education practices of undergraduates; Possible partnership between education and health. The results showed that the concept of health promotion is not part of the routine of school practices and has a direct association with the health concept, related to the prevention of diseases, from a hygienist perspective, indicating the need for better understanding the notion of health and for broadening knowledge on care; the contributions of nursing undergraduates in relation to the knowledge and methodology of health education; health promotion practice as supplementary knowledge developed at school by the teachers, contributing to learning and favoring the zone of proximal development of those involved based on pedagogical actions that are planned and guided from a historical- critical perspective. Our findings point to the importance of mediating elements for knowledge on the health of students, family members and teachers, which can be developed in an intersectoral partnership between health and education
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Santos, Bruna Domingos dos. "Encontros e desencontros na inclusão escolar de alunos deficientes físicos: uma visão a partir da promoção da saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22131/tde-23012018-164332/.
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A história que permeia a deficiência está imbuída de significações ligadas a preconceito e exclusão que se fazem presentes na atualidade e dificultam que as mudanças políticas sejam transpostas para as atitudes sociais. Assim, crianças deficientes vivenciam dependência a terceiros, inclusão escolar prejudicada, discriminação, sentimento de incapacidade, e vulnerabilidade frente a falta de disposição de serviços públicos efetivos. Esse estudo pretendeu articular saúde e educação como aspectos indissociáveis da vida humana, e o objetivo foi compreender os processos de significação relacionados à inserção de escolares deficientes físicos na educação básica, a partir dos princípios da política de promoção da saúde. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentado na abordagem histórico-cultural, no qual utilizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação participante e diário de campo como recursos metodológicos. O trabalho de campo teve início após as devidas autorizações do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos e durou aproximadamente um ano. Ao final, quatro crianças, suas quatro mães e oito professores aceitaram participar da pesquisa, totalizando 16 sujeitos entrevistados e quatro contextos escolares observados. A análise temática indutiva proposta por Braun e Clarke (2007) foi empregada, sendo respeitado o percurso indicado por estas autoras. A construção dos dados acarretou na caracterização detalhada dos participantes e seus contextos socioculturais, bem como na produção de três temas, a saber: 1) Significações do conceito de deficiência e de deficiência física no processo de inclusão escolar; 2) Cadeira de rodas, dois lados da mesma moeda e 3) Escola inclusiva e promoção de saúde: uma perspectiva do modelo social da deficiência. Em suma, este estudo foi eficaz em alcançar seus objetivos propostos, apresentando importantes significações envolvidas no processo de inclusão do aluno deficiente físico. Esperamos que este trabalho contribua para a prática junto a estes escolares e inspire pesquisadores a investigarem a articulação da Educação Inclusiva com a Promoção da Saúde em seus diferentes estados, países e contextos, auxiliando profissionais que atuam na prática escolar e de saúde a lidarem com a temáticaThe history that permeates disability is imbued with meanings linked to prejudice and exclusion that are present today, making it difficult for political changes to be transposed into social attitudes. Disabled children may experience dependence on others, affected school inclusion, discrimination, feeling of incapacity, and vulnerability due to the lack provision of effective public services. This study intended to articulate health and education as inseparable aspects of human life. Our aim was to comprehend the signification processes related to the school inclusion of disabled children in basic education, based on the principles of the politics of health promotion. It is a qualitative study, based on the historical-cultural approach. Semi-structured interviews, participant observation and field diary was used as methodological resources. The field work lasted approximately one year, and began after the authorizations of the Ethics Committee in Human Research. In the end, four children, their mothers and eight teachers accepted to participate, totaling 16 subjects interviewed and four school contexts observed. The inductive thematic analysis proposed by Braun and Clarke (2007) was employed, respecting the paths indicated by these authors. Data construction entailed the detailed participants characterization and their socio-cultural contexts, as well as the production of three themes, namely: 1) Significance of the concept of disability and physical disability in the school inclusion process; 2) Wheelchair, two sides of the same coin; 3) Inclusive School and Health Promotion: a perspective of the social model of disability. That pointing out that health promoters are also promoters of Inclusive Education. In short, this study was effective in achieving its proposed objectives, presenting important meanings involved in the process of disabled student\'s inclusion. We hope that this work will contribute to the practice among these students and will inspire researchers to investigate the articulation between Inclusive Education and Health Promotion in their different states, countries and contexts, helping professionals who act in school and health to deal with this issue
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Jones, Willie Brad. "Exploring a combined quantitative and qualitative research approach in developing a culturally competent dietary behavior assessment instrument." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29718.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Vidakovic, Branislav; Committee Member: Edwards, Paula; Committee Member: Griffin, Paul; Committee Member: Grinter, Rebecca; Committee Member: Mullis, Rebecca. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Davis, Bryan. "Exploring the social construction of masculinity and its differential expression in culturally different populations using a mixed method approach." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1530875139172819.
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Kahui, Dennis Jon. "A cultural approach to music therapy in New Zealand : a Maori perspective : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music Therapy at Massey University, NZ School of Music, Wellington, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/898.
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The main theme of this study is to form a culturally appropriate approach to music therapy concepts from a Maori perspective that could be inclusive and accommodate both Maori and Tauiwi (non-Maori) Rangatahi (adolescents) in health care settings. In order to provide a descriptive account of the holistic aspects of introducing Maori musical concepts in a music therapy setting a qualitative design was employed. The study draws on my personal journal entries, an interview with Kaumatua (Maori respected elders) regarding the appropriateness of introducing and altering traditional Maori musicality to accommodate the patient’s needs and a case study involving the Haka as a music therapy intervention strategy with a young Maori patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. My findings show that as a music therapist consultation with Kaumatua regarding anything related to Maori cultural aspects was essential. I also found that when working with a Maori Rangatahi who is immersed in Maori culture, it created an atmosphere of containment, familiarity, enjoyment, engagement and an environment that facilitated the achievement of therapeutic goals. Te Whare Tapa Wha Maori mental health model is well suited as a music therapy assessment tool to the characteristics of the physical, emotional, spiritual and family context of the Haka. I also found that Tauiwi music therapists wishing to introduce cultural elements must first learn about Maori culture and the people in order to confidently understand the music. Tauiwi Rangatahi may also benefit from the introduction of Maori musicality as a therapeutic means by being an inclusive member of the community and the positive psychological effects. For example, Rangatahi benefited from learning the proper pronunciation and meaning of the Haka, which in turn gave them a sense of achievement. I also found that some Maori protocols fit well with the protocols of music therapy, such as the beginning and endings with a hello and goodbye song.
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Manuelito, Brenda K. "Creating Space for an Indigenous Approach to Digital Storytelling: "Living Breath" of Survivance Within an Anishinaabe Community in Northern Michigan." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1433004268.
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Mohamed, A. H. H. M. "Patient-centred culturally-aware design approach for e-health acceptance." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2016. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3002613/.
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The importance of information and communication technology in healthcare has recently grown to an unprecedented dimension as more people are empowered by technology to participate more actively in their healthcare processes. New online applications for accessing healthcare information and for self-diagnosis have become increasingly available to diverse patient groups of different languages, educational backgrounds, and cultural orientations. However, the design of these applications typically follows Western cultural orientations. This approach has created a gap, which makes it difficult for users, who use the systems within their own cultural contexts, to derive maximum benefits from such use. As a result, the gap impedes the uptake, market success, and effective adoption of these e-Health applications in various cultural contexts. Moreover, as healthcare organisations increasingly seek to interact with patients, often in real-time, through enhanced web-based services, patient experiences often become tied to a largely ‘Western-driven’ style of patient interfaces, interaction, and look and feel that negatively impact the overall acceptance of these services across different cultures. This poses a tremendous challenge to technology adoption, in particular with regard to how to design culturally-aware and patientcentred e-Health applications that reflect the cultural diversity of today’s users and meaningfully empower them to better utilise such tools to enhance their day-to-day life. This research proposes to investigate the impact of a patient-centred culturally-aware design approach on the patient acceptance of e-Health web-based services, in particular, how e-Health web-based applications can be designed in a way that maximises their usability and ‘fits’ them into the cultural fabrics of individuals in different cultural contexts. To address this challenge, this research work examined existing literature in the fields of culture, technology acceptance and HCI, and identified relevant constructs that were used to develop a culturally-aware technology acceptance model for electronic health. Subsequently, the model provided a means for understanding the influence of different factors affecting patient acceptance and usage which were used as a foundation to inform the design of the Patient-Centred Culturally-aware e-Health Design Approach (PCCeDA) framework for e-Health web-based services developments. The novelty in PCCeDA is the notion of cultural awareness, which allows systems to personalise themselves according to a patient’s cultural profile while adhering to usability principles. As a result, the interface and contents presented to a patient are both dynamically tailored to better suit that patient’s cultural preferences, thereby increasing patient adoption. Based on PCCeDA, a proof of concept prototype called i-Diagnose was developed primarily to assess the validity of the framework and to answer the central questions of this research study. Evaluation results show that a patient-centred culturally-aware design approach enhances the effectiveness, usefulness and patient acceptance of e-Health web-based services in different cultural contexts. The main contributions of this work include: (i) a culturally sensitive technology acceptance model for e-Health (‘e-HTAM’) where both technology acceptance model and cultural dimensions are integrated to develop the e-HTAM model. The model highlighted various issues that need to be taken into consideration when designing patient-centred culturally-aware e-Health Design Approach applications; and (ii) a patient-centred Culturally-aware e-Health Design Approach framework that allows systems to personalise both the patient interface and the contents provided to a patient to better suit that patient’s cultural background. The research also includes a number of other minor contributions such as: (i) an approach for solving the static nature of Hofstede’s dimensions’ indexation, through the use of cultural parameters to dynamically model users’ cultural states, (ii) the introduction of personalisation based on cultural factors into the e-Health web-based services domain, and (iii) shed light on the electronic health acceptance state in the UAE as compared to the UK.
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Sadia, Rina. "A System Dynamics Approach Linking Employee Health, Quality Culture and Organizational Effectiveness." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26349.
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The purpose of this research is to investigate the interactions between organizational effectiveness, quality culture, and employee health. The system dynamics modeling approach is used in order to reveal the complex and dynamic behavior of the system under investigation. Understanding system behavior facilitates policy analysis and management decision-making.
The relationships between the three constructs: organizational effectiveness, quality culture and employee health are non linear and during the research a number of dynamic hypotheses were investigated. For example, illness is the main cause for absenteeism, loss of productivity, ineffective learning, which in turn causes even more stress and eventually more illness. As part of the system dynamics approach a conceptual (qualitative) model and a formal (quantitative) model were built.
The conclusion from analyzing the dynamic hypotheses of this model was that quality culture had a great impact on the performance of the whole system, especially on employees’ health and on organizational effectiveness. Furthermore, employees’ health and organizational effectiveness concurrently impact each other. However, this research could not show a considerable impact of the employees’ health and organizational effectiveness on the organization’s quality culture.
The research contributes to the general understanding of complex production systems, since the three constructs investigated in this research face similar issues, i.e., the trade-off between long-term and short-term goals, consequences of managerial actions that are far apart in time and space, and conflicts between measurable outcomes and subjective outcomes. The research adds to the design of effective social systems, where the products and the services are created in a quality fashion, and individuals experience an environment that is conducive to their well-being.Ph. D.
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Sylla, Daouda. "Essays on Culture, Economic Outcome and Wellbeing." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31202.
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Chapter 1: The Impact of Culture on the Second-Generation Immigrants’ Level of Trust in Canada
Trust is one of the main elements of social capital; it determines the extent to which an individual cooperates with others. In this chapter, I assess whether cultural factors influence the level of trust in the population of second-generation immigrants in Canada. This paper is related to two strands of empirical literature. The first analyses the determinants of trust and the second studies the cultural transmission of values, attitudes and beliefs. I follow closely the literature on the cultural transmission and use an epidemiological approach to assess whether trust of second-generation immigrants is affected by their cultural heritage. This approach consists of comparing information about the outcomes of second-generation immigrants with that of the country of origin of their ancestry. We apply this approach using the Ethnic Diversity Survey (EDS), the World Value Survey (WVS) and the European Value Survey (EVS). Estimation results show that the average level of trust in the countries of origin of the ancestors of the second-generation immigrants has a strong significant impact on their level of trust. Thus, individual whose country of ancestry displays a high level of trust, tend to have a high level of trust. This provides evidence that individuals’ level of trust is not only explained by their personal experiences, characteristics, and the environment in which they live; but also by the culture in their country of ancestry. This means that culture does matter! I find that the results remain robust even if certain key countries are omitted or a different data set is used.
Chapter 2: Decomposing Health Achievement and Socioeconomic Health Inequalities in Presence of Multiple Categorical Information
This chapter presents a decomposition of the health achievement and the socioeconomic health inequality indices by multiple categorical variables and by regions. I adopt Makdissi and Yazbeck's (2014) counting approach to deal with the ordinal nature of the data of the United States National Health Interview Survey 2010. The findings suggest that the attributes that contribute the most to the deviation from perfect health in the United States are: anxiety, depression and exhaustion. Also, I find that the attributes that contribute the most to the total socioeconomic health inequality are ambulation, depression and pain. The regional decomposition results suggest that, if the aversion to socioeconomic health inequality is high enough, socioeconomic health inequalities between regions are the main contributors to the total socioeconomic health inequality in the United States. Chapter 3: Accounting for Freedom and Economic Resources in the Assessment of Changes in Women Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa
This chapter assesses the importance of freedom in women’s wellbeing in twelve Sub-Saharan Africa countries by using data from Demographic Health Surveys. This paper presents a poverty comparison by using the stochastic dominance approach and relies on the economic resources and freedom as the two aspects of wellbeing which evokes the multidimensionality of poverty. This study is related to the following three pieces of literature: the sequential stochastic dominance, the multidimensional poverty, the Sen’s capability approach which is based on freedom. This paper is built on Makdissi et al. (2014) but differs from it in a number of respects. First, it focuses on poverty instead of welfare. Secondly, it applies the Shapley decomposition to determine the contributions of the economic resource distribution and the incidence of the threat of domestic violence to poverty changes over time. Consistent with previous work on the importance of freedom, I find that more freedom, i.e. less threat of domestic violence, affects women’s wellbeing positively since it decreases women’s poverty. The results indicate that women’s wellbeing has improved in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Rwanda, Senegal, and Zimbabwe and deteriorated in Ethiopia, Nigeria and Tanzania.
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Smolyakova, I. D. "The problem of formation of students' health culture." Thesis, Sumy State Uiversity, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/48737.
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Thus, to form the attitude to the health culture as being the first
value, to give the knowledge that is necessary for everyone’s life,
and to learn to live a healthy lifestyle are the most important tasks
for the future specialist.
These aims can be achieved with the help of a rational
combination of psycho-pedagogical and medical-biological
approaches, and the main base for the formation of students’ health
culture should be the physical education during the learning process
of the university.
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Spitulnik, Jay J. "Physician Collaboration and Improving Health Care Team Patient Safety Culture: A Quantitative Approach." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6486.
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Studies have found links between physician relationships with nurses, patient safety culture, and patient outcomes, but less is known about a similar link between physician relationships with allied health professionals (AHPs), patient safety culture, and patient outcomes. The purpose of this exploratory quantitative, survey study was to investigate whether physician interactions with AHPs contribute to improved patient-safety culture, AHP empowerment, and self-efficacy. Based on a theoretical framework consisting of structural empowerment, psychological empowerment, and self-efficacy, it was hypothesized that self-efficacy is predicted by structural and psychological empowerment and self-efficacy predicts a positive patient safety culture. The AHP Survey of Physician Collaboration was constructed using psychometrically sound items from instruments that have studied similar phenomena. A purposive sample with 95 respondents consisted of occupational and physical therapists currently working in hospitals. Pearson Product-Moment correlation, standard multiple regression analysis, independent groups t-tests, and one-way between groups analyses of variance were employed. Although the survey results did not indicate a statistically significant relationship between psychological empowerment and patient-safety culture, findings in this study indicated that patient-safety culture has a significant positive correlation with structural empowerment and self-efficacy. Structural empowerment and self-efficacy were found to significantly predict patient-safety culture. The results did not show differences based on gender, profession, age, or years of service. By illustrating the nature of the relationship between physicians and AHPs, the results of this study can affect social change through enhancing the ability to reduce the number of preventable negative health outcomes in hospitals.
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McAleenan, Philip. "A novel approach to health and safety in construction : culture, ethics reasoning and leadership." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2016. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/a-novel-approach-to-health-and-safety-in-construction-culture-ethics-reasoning-and-leadership(6ed80011-7ebf-4601-8b8c-ddc744ae82ed).html.
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Improvements to construction health and safety were driven by primary legislation promulgated in the 1970s and by subsequent regulations, codes and official guidance. In parallel social psychology, management and leadership theories were developing practical means for achieving health and safety objectives and reducing accidents and incidents of ill health. Despite the notable improvements that were achieved in countries with strong legislatives bases, the reduction in the rate of accidents has been significant but at the same time substantially falling short of providing safe and healthy workplaces. Construction sites remain places of high hazard and high risk activities for workers. Acknowledging the gains made by the compliance approach whilst challenging the underpinning assumptions on the causes of accidents and ill health, a critical theory methodology was developed to explore different perceptions and arrive at a new understanding of workplace culture within which safe practices take place. The purpose was to determine the degree of cultural maturity within and readiness of companies for the attainment of preventative workplace safety cultures, and this was achieved through the development of two projects, 1) the development of a cultural maturity index and 2) the development of an ethics reasoning pedagogy for construction professionals. Utilising a set of criteria deemed necessary for achieving success and sustainability the first project is a metric based on behavioural objectives and rational planning was designed and developed to ascertain the intangibles that would be indicative of a company’s culture. This was field tested and substantial revisions made to the original criteria resulting in a shift of focus from Corporate Social Responsibility, innovation and resourcefulness to moral agency, ethics reasoning and leadership, all of which were subject to critical evaluation and redefining on a priori principles. The resulting model, Organisation Cultural Maturing Index, is designed to develop a greater understanding of the social relationships that underpin workplace cultures and explain the many factors that come into play when health and safety programmes and practices are developed and implemented on construction sites. The model allows for the development of and flexibility in company and site specific approaches to achieving safe outcomes through respect for autonomous thought and support for collective action by all workplace employees. The model distinguished between concepts of leadership that are associated with managing operations and originates a new concept of leadership which initiates and supports agency and advocates a restructuring of workplace relationships in order to achieve safe, healthy and sustainable construction projects and contributes to a humanising ethos in work relationships. The second project is the development of under-graduate and post-graduate modules on ethics reasoning designed to facilitate moral agency through the development of critical thinking and reasoning skills and fill a gap in construction professional education. It integrates with the OCMI model through the provision of under-graduate and post-graduate programmes of study which develop the ethics reasoning skills of construction professionals facilitating their abilities to make design and operational judgements based on human and societal benefit. This project further integrates with the ethics standards required by Joint Board of Moderators and Engineering Council in respect of professionalism, and professional code of ethics such as the RICS’s. The review will further identify from both projects those elements of innovation and originality in the methodology adopted and applied to occupational health and safety and the insights and perspectives arrived at as a consequence.
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Weingard, Ashley. "Be Our Guest: Centering the Culture of International Female Graduate Students and Their Interactions with Health in the US." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1447688242.
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Prorock-Ernest, Amy. "A Culturally-Relevant, Emergent Approach to Exploring the Needs, Strengths, and Priorities of Tribal Communities in Virginia." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1812.
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Little is known about the health of the indigenous peoples in Virginia. When compared to the total U.S. population, indigenous peoples nationwide disproportionately experience disparities in health status across multiple health indicators. Research shows that these disparities are largely due to the inequitable distribution of social and economic determinants present within indigenous communities. Because the indigenous peoples of Virginia are affected by inequitable social and economic conditions, there is reason to believe that health indicators may mirror that of the indigenous population at-large. Outlined in this paper is a framework for exploring the needs, strengths, and priorities of indigenous communities in Virginia. This paper proposes that the use of a culturally relevant methodology, such as Talking Circle, combined with an emergent and community-based participatory approach, will lead to a more authentic identification of the strengths, needs, and priorities of indigenous communities than traditional public health surveillance methodology, as well as build community capacity for on-going engagement.
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Saliba, Janine M. "Medical Approaches to Cultural Differences: The Case of the Maghreb and France." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1272483157.
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Shand, Meagan. "Understanding and building resilience with art: A socio-ecological approach." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1402.
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Resilience is a widely researched phenomenon, it means different things to different people and is perceived and measured according to the theoretical lens being applied. The following thesis reviews the theoretical development of resilience that has led to contemporary understandings, to establish a platform for the research topic - understanding and building resilience with Art. Narrative research methods are combined with art processes to illuminate the stories of eight culturally diverse women participating in a community based mental health art program, in Western Australia. Fifteen resilience themes emerged from the collective experience, and are presented in a socio-ecological framework to understand the complex interplay between the individual and their environment. Six key learnings that illustrate the unique contribution art has to make to building individual, social and community resilience in the Australian policy context are explored and discussed.
The discussion revisits a strengths approach to resilience, and through metaphor and symbol it reminds us that resilience in its most basic form is strength during difficult time. Social, cultural and spiritual aspects of strength and resilience are highlighted; and the concept of resilient places is introduced and the crucial role they have to play in social inclusion and social support is discussed. It brings to light evidence that not all people in Australia have equal access to social networks and the need to bridge the gap to community for people who live with complex needs and are separated from family, friends and other natural support systems. By presenting resilience within a socio-ecological framework, the social and community aspects of resilience cannot be ignored.
The strength of this research is the creative use of art and narrative to illuminate the lived experience and communicate findings to a wider audience. The use of a public exhibition and the publication of a colourful resource book and its wide dissemination via the World Wide Web; projected the science in the lime light, inviting a broader and more diverse audience to engage with the stories of resilience, enhancing the potential of the findings to influence community attitudes as well as policy and practice. This research demonstrates that art is much more than ‘a means to an end’, it is valuable research tool that can be used to explore, embody and express complex and challenging social phenomenon, such as resilience.
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Dillon, Patrick. "African Americans and Hospice: A Culture-Centered Exploration of Disparities in End-of-Life Care." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4662.
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As the United States' population ages and grows more diverse, scholars and practitioners have grown increasingly concerned about persistent disparities in the cost and quality of end-of-life health care, particularly with regard to African Americans. Although a variety of factors may influence these disparities, most scholars agree that the underutilization of hospice care by this population is an important contributor. Drawing from the culture-centered approach to health communication and narrative theory, the present study explores African American patients and caregivers' experiences with hospice care and takes an initial step toward addressing disparities in end-of-life care. I begin this study, first, by positioning it within existing literature on health disparities and the underutilization of hospice care. I then outline the study's context and the ethnographic methods I used to complete it. Next, I discuss (a) participants' understanding of disparities in hospice utilization, (b) how participants' narrate their decisions about and experiences with hospice care, and (c) co-constructed solutions for addressing disparities in end-of-life care by creating partnerships between community members and local hospice organizations.
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Waterworth, Caroline Jane. "An exploration of culture and context for Allied Health Professionals using Care Aims in integrated community teams : a case study approach." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2016. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/18593/.
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Background Integrated team working is increasingly being used as a model of care within NHS Services. Whilst the integration agenda has evolved over time with increasing recognition of the continuum integration can refer to, consistent use of language and terminology has remained a challenge. The factors influencing integrated team working could be perceived as aspects of team, organisational and professional culture but there is a lack of studies formally assessing culture within an integrated team. Case studies also seldom appeared to include Allied Health Professionals with the reasons for this unclear. Care Aims is also being increasingly used as a model of care within NHS services particularly by Allied Health Professions yet the evidence base appears sparse, particularly exploring the use of Care Aims in an integrated team. Aim The overall aim of this study was to explore the effect of culture and context on integrated team working for Allied Health Professions in community settings. Methodology This exploratory study took place in two parts. The first part of the study investigated the Care Aims approach and the effect of culture and context for integrated team working for Allied Health Professionals in primary care settings and comprises of four case studies. The second part of the study evaluated and compared the case studies with other relevant models for promoting integrated team working for Allied Health Professionals (AHPs) in community settings. Data collection was primarily qualitative using both questionnaires and semi-structured interviews based on the critical incident technique. The Team Climate Inventory (TCI) and Organisational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) were used to explore culture and climate to provide supplementary contextual information. The individual case studies were analysed using thematic networks. Cross case analysis was employed to identify themes for comparison. Findings The cross case analysis identified ten categories that appeared to influence integrated team working. Some of these categories were similar to themes identified in the literature exploring facilitators and barriers to integrated team working, such as leadership, staff roles and responsibilities, vision and professional culture. However different categories also emerged e.g. service type, team climate and relationship with the patient. The interdependency between the categories is also apparent, with philosophy and approach to care influencing all. Where there was a less dominant biomedical approach to care teams appeared to work in a more integrated way. Similarly, Care Aims implementation appeared to be influenced by similar factors. The approach to care pre-Care Aims and how the introduction of Care Aims was managed appearing most significant. The findings also appeared consistent with the evidence base for managing change. This study also suggested parallels between extent of integrated team working and success of Care Aims implementation. The more integrated a team appeared to be, the more successful Care Aims implementation also was. Whether level of team integration or introduction of Care Aims was the more significant factor is unclear. One of the challenges of this study has been to identify other sufficiently detailed published case studies to enable comparative analysis. As a result of the comparative analysis in this thesis a framework for a minimum data set to enable cross case analysis of case studies exploring integrated team working is proposed. This will facilitate a better understanding of the evidence base. This study adds to the literature for integrated team working by exploring and comparing several integrated teams within the same organisation. Unlike previous studies, these case studies explicitly explored the role and impact for AHPs of working in an integrated team. This study has led to the development of a framework to support implementation of Care Aims by identifying the potential barriers and facilitators to implementing Care Aims. This could support teams to identify those areas which may benefit from greater attention and support during implementation. This study also adds to the limited evidence base for Care Aims by exploring the implementation and use of Care Aims in integrated teams and undertaking a comparative analysis of teams in the same organisation.
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Al, Junaibi Suad Moosa Noor. "A case study of the Omani Ministry of Health's approaches to nursing education and its cultural congruency." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/38401/.
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Culture is a complex concept, but it is central to the task of curriculum design and development. The Ministry of Health (MoH) in the Sultanate of Oman plays a major role in healthcare education because it is the main employer and producer of healthcare professionals in the country. The MoH claims that its educational programmes are designed to meet the healthcare needs of the country at international standards, with ample consideration to the culture. As nursing is the major profession that the MoH invests in, produces, and employs, the purpose of this study is to explore the MoH’s approaches to designing, developing, and implementing the current basic (general) nursing curricula and its cultural congruency in the context of Oman. A qualitative case study design is used to answer the research questions. Educational policy documents, semi-structured qualitative individual interviews and focus groups have been used to collect data from the MoH’s nursing education decision makers, educators, students and service users (public) over a period of six months. Data was analysed using RichieRitchie and Spencer’s five-stage analytical framework to identify the themes from the data collected from the documents and the interviews. A purposeful sampling was used to select study participants from the MoH nursing education decision makers, educators, students and service users. Findings of the study reveal that the MoH’s current approach to nursing curriculum fails short of what Denis Lawton considers a culturally competent curriculum. The study proposes a framework, adapted from Lawton’s cultural analysis model, aimed at developing culturally congruent nursing education in Oman.
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Arora, Aarti B. "Communication in Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Situated Exploration of Communication Interactions Between Yoga Students and Their Yoga Teachers in India." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1597683490208638.
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Agulanna, Christopher. "Informed Consent in Sub-Saharan African Communal Culture: The." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11963.
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Some scholars argue that the principle of voluntary informed consent is rooted in the Western ethos of liberal individualism; that it would be difficult to implement this requirement in societies where the norms of decision-making emphasize collective rather than individual decision-making (for example, Sub-Saharan Africa); that it would amount to “cultural imperialism” to seek to implement the principle of voluntary informed consent in non-Western societies. This thesis rejects this skepticism about the possibility of implementing the informed consent requirement in non-Western environments and argues that applying the principle of voluntary informed consent in human subjects’ research in Sub-Saharan African communal culture could serve as an effective measure to protect vulnerable subjects from possible abuses or exploitations. The thesis proposes the “multi-step” approach to informed consent as the best approach to the implementation of the principle in the African communal setting. The thesis argues that the importance of the “multi-step” approach lies in the fact that it is one that is sensitive to local culture and customs. On the question of whether the principle of voluntary informed consent should be made compulsory in research, the thesis answers that we have no choice in the matter.
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Mukherjee, Parameswari. "Analyzing the Discourse of Community Participation within a Multi-stakeholder Arsenic Remediation and Intervention in West Bengal." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1563873454876855.
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Morice, Pierre-Marie. "Evaluation de la déficience de la recombinaison homologue et de la réponse des tumeurs ovariennes aux inhibiteurs de PARP grâce à l'utilisation de modèles de culture 3D en vue du développement d'un test prédictif Identifying eligible patients to PARP inhibitors: from NGS-based tests to promising 3D functional assays Automated scoring for assessment of RAD51-mediated homologous recombination in patient-derived tumor organoids of ovarian cancers Risk of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia related to PARP inhibitors: a combined approach using a safety meta-analysis of placebo randomized controlled trials and the World Health Organization's pharmacovigilance database The long non-coding RNA ‘UCA1’ modulates the response to chemotherapy of ovarian cancer through direct binding to miR-27a-5p and control of UBE2N levels." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC414.
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Chaque année, plus de 150 000 décès sont associés aux cancers épithéliaux de l’ovaire dans le monde, notamment en raison du développement d’une résistance à la chimiothérapie. Environ la moitié de ces cancers présentent des altérations moléculaires provoquant une déficience de la réparation de l’ADN par recombinaison homologue (HRD) qui les sensibilise à l’action des inhibiteurs de la protéine PARP (PARPi). A ce jour, il n’existe pas de test capable d’appréhender le phénotype HRD dans sa globalité, limitant ainsi l’accès à ces traitements. Dans ce contexte, nous avons entrepris de mettre au point des tests fonctionnels basés sur l’utilisation d’explants tumoraux tranchés puis sur l’utilisation d’organoïdes tumoraux dérivés de tumeurs ovariennes de patientes chimio-naïves ou antérieurement traitées. La culture d’explants s’est révélée inappropriée pour la réalisation de ces tests et nous avons alors focalisé nos travaux sur les organoïdes tumoraux. Ces derniers ont été exposés au carboplatine (traitement de 1e ligne) et à deux inhibiteurs de PARP (l’olaparib et le niraparib) utilisés en traitement d’entretien. En parallèle, nous avons collecté les données cliniques des patientes (survie, intervalle sans platine, RECIST, traitements) afin d’évaluer le potentiel prédictif de ces modèles. Les organoïdes tumoraux établis ont répondu de façon hétérogène aux différents médicaments testés, et nos résultats montrent que les tests réalisés sur les organoïdes sont capables d’identifier des patientes présentant un niveau de résistance élevé au carboplatine, suggérant que ce test fonctionnel pourrait présenter un intérêt prédictif vis-à-vis de ce médicament. Concernant le potentiel prédictif des organoïdes vis-à-vis des PARPi, des profils de sensibilité variés ont été identifiés, mais la corrélation avec la réponse clinique reste à établir par des études menées sur des échantillons de tumeurs issus de patientes traitées par ces médicamentsWorldwide each year, more than 150 000 women die from epithelial ovarian cancer largely due to emergence of resistance to chemotherapy. Approximately half of these cancers display molecular alterations that cause deficiency of DNA repair via homologous recombination (HRD), which confer sensitivity to PARP protein inhibitors (PARPi). To date, there is no test capable of fully identifying the HRD phenotype, thus limiting access to these treatments. In this context, we are developing functional assays based on the use of tumor explant slices and then, on the use of tumor organoids derived from ovarian tumors of chemotherapy-naive or previously treated patients. The culture of explants was unsuitable for this application and we then focused our work on tumor organoids. Tumor organoids were exposed to carboplatin (first-line treatment) and two PARP inhibitors (olaparib and niraparib) used for maintenance therapy. In parallel, we collected clinical data from patients (survival, platinum-free interval, RECIST, treatments) to evaluate the predictive potential of these models. The established tumor organoids responded heterogeneously to different drugs, and our results show that the organoid-based assay is capable of identifying patients highly resistant to carboplatin, suggesting that this functional assay could have a predictive value for patients treated with carboplatin. Regarding the potential of organoids in predicting PARPi response, multiple sensitivity profiles have been identified, but the correlation with clinical response has yet to be determined by studies conducted on tumor samples from patients treated with these drugs
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O'Driscoll, Tea. "Exploring cultural variables affecting sport and physical activity behaviours of Karen refugees in Australia : applying a culturally specific approach to active lifestyles." Thesis, 2016. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/33040/.
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Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities; refugees in particular, have complex health concerns and may be at increased risks of developing lifestyle diseases such as type II diabetes. Yet, in Australia, these groups are not participating in the recommended amount of regular sport and physical activity (PA) to obtain important health benefits. Researchers have suggested that this may be due to various factors, some of which are synonymous with the general population (e.g., cost, time). However, the influence of cultural variables and the process of resettlement on refugees’ participation in sport and PA in Australia is relatively unexplored. This project aims to investigate such variables amongst recently arrived Karen refugees, whose cultural and ethnic background is distant from traditional Australian’s backgrounds. The Karen have been arriving to Australia in significant numbers over the last few years, and thus local service providers commonly work with the group. In-depth interviews, PA diaries and a family PA intervention were undertaken as part of this PhD project. The thesis argues that cultural background and the process of acculturation in a culturally distant country significantly impact on PA participation for the Karen. Concepts of identity, values, and differences in lifestyles between ‘back home’ and Australia are important considerations for service providers working with the Karen. The culturally specific PA pilot program was implemented effectively, suggesting that participation may be encouraged in this group through similar programs, if they are appropriate and meaningful for the participants. This PhD project suggests that obtaining an in-depth understanding of a target group’s culture and social context is important in developing and implementing effective culturally specific PA programs for CALD communities.
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"Biculturalism, Mental Health, and the Cultural Environment: A Longitudinal Approach to Examining the Person-Environment Fit Hypothesis." Doctoral diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.24994.
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abstract: Twenty-five percent of Americans are first- or second-generation immigrants (US Census, 2012). Thus, it is likely that many Americans identify with at least two cultures, that of the mainstream United States culture, and their ethnic culture from which they came, making them bicultural. However, current understanding of the impact of biculturalism on psychological functioning is quite limited in scope, as few studies have examined this association longitudinally or considered the moderating role of the cultural environment. The present study proposed to take a more comprehensive approach in understanding the consequences of biculturalism on psychological outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, and substance abuse symptoms) among Mexican American adolescents, as they belong to one of largest and fastest growing ethnic groups in the United States (US Census, 2013). The present study had two major goals. The first was to examine the influence of biculturalism on depression, anxiety, and substance abuse symptoms longitudinally over the course of two years. It was hypothesized that overall, biculturalism will lead to less depression, anxiety, and substance abuse symptoms. The results partially supported these predictions. For males, biculturalism was related to significantly fewer anxiety symptoms, but not for females. Further, no main effects of biculturalism were found for depression and substance abuse for males or females. The second goal of the study was to examine the potential moderating role of the cultural environment on the influence of biculturalism on mental health symptoms. It was hypothesized that bicultural individuals will exhibit less mental health symptoms in bicultural environments (person-environment fit) compared to more monocultural individuals (person-environment misfit). However, no differences are expected to ii emerge between bicultural and monocultural individuals in monocultural environments, as both groups should be well adapted in these settings. The results did not fully support these predictions. Though, biculturalism for male adolescents was related to significantly fewer anxiety symptoms in home environments where parents reported moderate degrees of biculturalism, and females' biculturalism was related to significantly fewer depression symptoms in neighborhood environments that were relatively bicultural; no effects of biculturalism were found in environments that were the most bicultural. The implications of the findings are discussed.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Psychology 2014
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Augusto, Joana Raquel Lopes Farinha dos Santos. "CULTURAL NEUROSCIENCE: AN APPROACH TO THE NEUROBIOLOGICAL BASES OF THE ETHNOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOUR WITH EEG AND GAME THEORY: THE CASE OF IRELAND AND PORTUGAL." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/118853.
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Augusto, Joana Raquel Lopes Farinha dos Santos. "CULTURAL NEUROSCIENCE: AN APPROACH TO THE NEUROBIOLOGICAL BASES OF THE ETHNOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOUR WITH EEG AND GAME THEORY: THE CASE OF IRELAND AND PORTUGAL." Dissertação, 2018. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/118853.
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Aiyedun, Folakemi. "A Case Study of a Charter School Seeking to Transform Toward Greater Cultural Competence for Working With Diverse Urban Students: Using Christopher Emdin’s Reality Pedagogy Approach as a Stimulus and Guide." Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-5ngm-5s20.
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This case study of a Bronx, New York charter school drew upon Emdin’s (2016) book on pursuing school improvement as a secondary analysis of existing data from the school. The Principal Investigator is currently a teacher at the school and was participant-observer. The overall study can be considered an integration of qualitative fieldwork and survey methods. A strong implication from the highly significant quantitative results for 18 paired t-tests for nine Behaviors pre-/post-training is that professional development and special trainings had a strong positive effect. With Bonferroni Adjustment Significance (.05/18, p=.0003) level of .003, paired t-tests showed that staff ratings (knowledge and self-efficacy ratings) for all nine Behaviors exhibited a significant increase in mean rating from pre-training to post-training; thus, the intervention of professional development and special trainings had significant impact. Quantitative data supported the conclusion that significant progress was made toward the school’s original goal of transforming toward greater cultural competence and changing school climate to better meet the needs of urban learners from varied cultural backgrounds.
Independent t-tests on dichotomous groups found one (of three) comparisons to be statistically significant (t= -.392, df=41.55, p= .000; Bonferroni Adjustment Significance, .05/3, p=.016) when comparing the means for people of color staff (n=29) of 8.934 (SD=1.254) versus for White staff (n=18) of 7.63 (SD=1.023). People of color staff had a significantly higher post-training self-efficacy for performing all nine specified behaviors compared to White staff.
Qualitative data from five research questions produced via coding on 64 Emergent Themes, 15 Categories, and 12 Hierarchical Emergent themes—the last effectively coalescing all data into short statements to summarize all that school staff and teachers expressed about the training using Emdin’s book and other special training activities and discussions: acknowledge many book benefits; accept less ready White peers; learn bias, empathy; incomplete training, need to continue/action; impact of expanded awareness; retain many strengths to training model; plan to address barriers to success of training model; evidence of many improvements at school; ending oppression/biased discipline; training challenge of staff in different stages; expert facilitation of difficult conversations; and action for curriculum modifications.
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Bouchon, Marika, University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, and Centre for Social Ecology Research. "'Nexial-topology' situation modelling : health ecology and other general perspectives." 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/28676.
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ABSTRACT: This research generated a formal method for global ‘situation modelling’ of near-critical and critical phenomena. The new paradigms and the construction of mental reality or social spaces do not explain the damaged world we leave to our children and the degeneration of health. The ‘physical’ was explored experimentally through the reputed imperfection of the body in daily living and the ecology of its health. An ‘integral’ methodology allowed combining this with a study of general perspectives in many fields. This theoretical and empirical study was framed according to a third-order logic: (1) The variety and inconsistency of perspectives on the unclear notion of ‘health’ required a generalist (meta-)classification or organising principle applicable in particular to health. The method of ‘perspectival analysis’ is based on the field- and domain-specific vocabularies, number of categories, and image types used in formulating explanation/ experience in each framework, in both scientific and human domains. This theoretical study was (2) grounded in a ‘radical empirical’ study of the effects of nutrition and healing techniques on a low-grade chronic syndrome (not life threatening but connected to stress, inflammation, swelling, tissues wasting). A ‘local-case’ experimental research design (representative of an aspect of health), and new topographic ‘gauging’ techniques were devised to observe small spatial changes (positioning, distortion, distribution). The results and concrete/ practice models led to the same conclusion as the abstract study: all our perspectives on health, body and space, have some underlying systemic form, and have in common two unifying frames – duality and polarisation –, characteristic also of point-set theory derived frameworks. Using them allows ‘circumnavigating’ the essential of all possible perspectives, without becoming lost in their details. However, they leave non-local effects, anomalies (or ’bad behaviour’) and periodical instability unexplained. (3) These were investigated by studying behaviour (irrespective of whether internal or external), and ‘not well understood’ induced health manifestations, and by mapping their topologic properties of small deformation through (a) a ‘local’ cognitive consideration of experience construction, the research process itself, and the intellectual skill of model-making, (b) etymologic studies to track forward semantic developments and perspectival shifts and inversions, (c) a graphic study of the universal symbolic forms in models, traditions, and dreams, tracing them back to ‘world-origin’ models (appearance/occurrence), and shape-icons (mental, cultural), such as tree, ladder, mountain or vortex-vertex spiral. This thesis examines health disturbance, physical distortions and cultural deformations, their usual descriptions as timed changes, and shows how two fundamental parameters of direction and motion (or movement, energy, 'Wind') define geometries of binding, or directional activation (or active projection). These culturo-mental geometries produce generic images of locally induced phenomena, and represent boundary phenomena globally as 'natural' in the spatial-physical world, and as 'hidden' or latent in the human world. Their downside is to introduce systematic instability in our expressions, models of culture/civilisation, as well as in health manifestations. All these are found to be rooted in modelling styles derived from the 'local' geometry of observing – framing – a field in 'perspective', mostly based on vision, audition, and skin surface (touch). These geo-Metries are used to explain and justify in particular the instability and recurrent crises of health in chronic syndromes and ageing, and the ‘badly behaved’ health of childhood and adult females (eg consequences of pregnancy). The conclusion imposed itself that the ‘physical world of humans’ is shaped through critical response and boundaries, and it appears that physical integrity, including sound health, sanity and even safety, cannot be preserved but by conscious alert attention or voluntary practice or effort (eg ‘workout’). Some experiences recounted in this work (some from the literature) led to an opposite presupposition. Three possible logics rule deployments of perspective into flat, spherical, and hyperbolic geometries (a known basis of mathematics). Which is used depends on the ‘local’ state of criticality (sense of urgency, emergency, pressure) of the observing body-brain-‘system’. It correlates with this universally assumed vertical axis, with the exclusive use [instruments too] of the senses of the head and of ‘skin-encapsulated’ derived systemic definitions of ‘the world’ and ‘the observer’ (self or body). These allow localising and attributing properties to one or the other or their combination. However, they can also be considered as undifferentiated properties, ‘non-local’ but governing, of the ‘physical world of humans’ as it is apprehended in daily living, manifesting in a surface-related sense of swelling and gravity. A simple form of geometric topology ‘without hole’ (without discontinuity), here introduced through two cognitive experiments, animations, and images, can describe this. The method of ‘nexial-topology’ produces an ‘animated imaging’ that can be used to model (but not ‘represent’ in word, number, or realistic/ naturalistic images) the situation reaching ‘critical boundary’. It then shows auto-reinforcing self-organisation and auto-destruction in ‘passing’ it. Yet, it can also be used as a ‘native gauging’ expressed in gesture or body posture, related to intuition, instinct, and the rare ‘thinking in image’. As such, it describes approaching ‘critical boundary’ (versus ‘reaching’) as auto-limiting. A crucial finding is that ‘spontaneous’ behaviours (non-induced, non-intended) can ensure the integrity of health under operation in most conditions, and stop extremes. Yet, they are usually deemed meaningless, random or useless, and are systematically suppressed by enculturation and prevented by civilised lifestyles. ‘Nexial-topology’ gives a clear meaning to them, and can model the ‘ease’ of health and of daily living. It gives access to more basic options, with wider effects, more immediate than all our solutions, often ignored because too obvious. For example, ‘global warming’ could be addressed as a non-local property and a deployment into crises to ‘stop’, rather than separate problems of water, resources, heated behaviour, inflammatory and ‘water diseases’. KEYWORDS: Interdisciplinary research, cross-disciplinary methodologies, modal logic, fundamental problem, general relativity, localisation, physicalism, geometric quantization, occurrence, appearance, extension, projection, attribution, distributed, anthropic principle, anthropomorphism, unified, unbounded, left, right, spiral, viral, genetic drift, natural, life, human nature, human pressure, limit, extreme, threshold, validity, value, critical decision making, apperception, child cognition, sense, semantic drift, Four Elements, symbolic inversion. THIS IS A MULTI-MEDIA THESIS. FOR A SITE MAP OF THE NAMES AND DISPLAY ONLINE OF THE 52 FILES OF THIS THESIS, PLEASE CONSULT THE SECTION: ORGANISATION OF THE MULTI-MEDIA MATERIALS IN THIS THESIS, IN THE FRONT PAGES FILE (SOURCE 2), BEFORE THE TABLE OF CONTENTS.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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(6613073), Tao Jin. "Practicing Culturally Sensitive Care: What Can Health Care Providers Do?" Thesis, 2019.
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This study investigates health care providers’ perceptions and practice in culturally sensitive care. 8 in-depth interviews were conducted with health care providers that lasted an average of 25 minutes. The findings revealed that health care providers tend to understand culturally sensitive care within the patient-centered care perspective. Their practice of culturally sensitive care is partially limited by language barriers, cultural barriers, and limited trainings in cultural sensitivity, while interpreting services, verbal and nonverbal communication strategies, collaborations with colleagues and self-education promote their practice of it. These findings underscore the importance of acknowledging health care providers’ influences in promoting culturally sensitive care, and the necessity of offering adequate amount of teachings and trainings in cultural sensitivity at health care programs and hospitals.
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Castelen, Milton Andy. "Women's Reproductive Health Rights: The Rule of Law and Public Health Considerations in Repealing the Criminal Laws on Abortion in the Republic Suriname." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18236.
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Within the Surinamese jurisdiction the Constitution grants women the right to health and imposes a legal duty on the state to facilitate the realization of this right. Also treaty law, in particular, the ICESCR article 12 and the CEDAW article 12 grant women the right to the highest attainable standard of health and the right to non-discriminatory access to healthcare. But due to the criminal law applicable to abortion women lack non-discriminatory access to reproductive healthcare and therefore do not enjoy the highest attainable standard of pregnancy related health. Despite its decision not to enforce the abortion prohibiting criminal laws, Suriname remains in a state of failure to comply with its legal duties as imposed by the Constitution and treaty law. This, due to the state’s reluctance to repeal the criminal laws on abortion and its failure to enact effective health regulations to facilitate women in need of an abortion.
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Okereke, E., Uduak E. Archibong, Michele Chiemeka, C. Baxter, and S. Davis. "Participatory approaches to assessing the health needs of African-Caribbean communities." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3893.
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NoPrevious attempts to involve African and African-Caribbean communities in a city in north England in identifying and assessing their health needs have been largely unsuccessful. A comprehensive literature review highlighted that research on Africans and African-Caribbeans is limited and uneven, and dominated by studies focusing on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, mental health and blood disorders. Health information on these communities is largely based on immigrant mortality statistics derived from national datasets. This paper highlights how participatory approaches to community participation and engagement were used in the assessment of the health needs of culturally diverse minority communities as a means of reducing health disparities. The study sought to overcome the shortcomings of traditional techniques for health needs assessment by testing a novel method of rapid participatory appraisal using a triangulation approach to ensure that all perspectives were addressed. The research adopted a mixed-methods strategy comprising distinct phases: a comprehensive review of the literature, a qualitative needs assessment involving representatives of the African and African-Caribbean communities using meta-planning, and a review of health service provision. The approach used in the study was efficient, rapid and feasible for the African and African-Caribbean people to use in obtaining data from their peers. The findings showed a convergence between areas of need identified by health providers and community members in this appraisal, and between these results and other published literature. However, there was a divergence on the extent of change necessary, with institutional responses stressing alterations within existing systems, and community members recommending the establishment of targeted services for African and African-Caribbean communities run by ethnically matched staff.
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Neethling, Ilze. "The relevance of pastoral counselling in South Africa: with reference to the South African Association for Pastoral Work." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1184.
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In South Africa, no occupational or professional councils for pastoral work exist as yet. In order to support pastoral counsellors in their negotiations to obtain professional status in this country, the presumed limitations and ineffectiveness of present mental health systems in South Africa is examined. Pastoral counselling as a possible national health resource is explored with reference to primary health care, freedom of choice, consumer rights, cost-effectiveness, spirituality, social change and reconciliation and multi-cultural application.
Arguments are imbedded in relevant theory and supported by vignettes of suffering, survival, and redemption in spirituality. A postmodern, qualitative approach is used. Participants' narratives indicate that they have experienced healing through utilising their religion and spirituality. However, this study does not claim to provide conclusive proof that pastoral work is relevant in this country - it should be seen as part of a process which aims to develop pastoral counselling as a profession.Practical Theology
M. TH. (Pastoral Therapy)
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Takagi, Kaori. "Approach-avoidance goals and psychological well-being, health, and interpersonal relationship outcomes across Euro-Canadian, Japanese, and Mexican cultures." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16823.
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Japanese, Euro-Canadian, and Mexican university students listed their personal goals and
completed questionnaires on their psychological well-being, health, and interpersonal relationship
status at Time 1 (the beginning of the semester) and at Time 2 (the end of the semester). The
relationships between the kinds of goals they listed (i.e., approach or avoidance) and their
well-being, health, and interpersonal relationship status were assessed to investigate the
moderating role of culture among these relationships. The regression analyses revealed marginal
and significant interaction effects of culture and avoidance goals on psychological well-being,
health, and interpersonal relationship outcomes at Time 2. The results offer support for the
hypothesis: Compared with Canadians, Mexicans, and especially Japanese are less likely to
experience adverse effects in the areas of well-being, health, and interpersonal relationship
associated with avoidance goals.Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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Mewes, Ricarda [Verfasser]. "Culture sensitivity, health care utilization, and disability in individuals suffering from bodily complaints : a population-based approach / vorgelegt von Ricarda Mewes." 2009. http://d-nb.info/993808638/34.
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Bovill, Michelle. "Culturally responsive approaches for the empowerment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in smoking cessation care." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1402953.
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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)This thesis by publication is a body of work containing an introduction, six papers and a closing chapter with conclusions and recommendations for future practice, policy and research. All papers explore the area of concern being smoking during pregnancy among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, with a focus on how expectant mothers can be empowered to quit smoking. At the time of submission of this thesis, three of the six papers have been published or accepted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and the other three are under review.
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Hall, William Authur. "An Innovative Approach to Reducing Prostate Cancer Healthcare Disparities for At-Risk African American Men: Development and Evaluation of an Online E-Health Avatar Video Tailored to be Culturally Appropriate." Thesis, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8127929.
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There is a need to increase awareness among African American men regarding their potential risk of prostate cancer and inform them of screening and treatment options, given the health disparities that affect their group. To do so, an innovative e health video was developed, using an animated avatar video to educate African American males about prostate cancer and potential screening methods in a way that is culturally appropriate. Effectiveness of this e-health intervention was tested on a sample of 41 African American males. Efficacy was measured using a repeated measures design that used pre- and post-measures of four target behaviors regarding prostate cancer screening. These four target behaviors include: (1) getting an annual physical exam, (2) discussing the possibility of getting a digital rectal exam to screen for prostate cancer with a doctor, (3) discussing the possibility of getting a PSA exam to screen for prostate cancer with a doctor, and (4) spreading awareness about prostate cancer among other African American men. The stage of change, which is a theoretical framework adapted from Prochaska and DiClemente (1983), measures changes in human behavior from precontemplation and contemplation on the low end to action and maintenance on the high end. Self-efficacy was also measured before and after the intervention for each of the four target behaviors. Paired t-tests show that the stage of change for the third and fourth target behaviors and self-efficacy for the second, third, and fourth target behaviors were significantly increased by the e-health intervention, indicating that the intervention was successful. Additionally, participant ratings about the intervention were largely positive. In effect, this study finds that the e-health intervention developed in this study not only works, but is an affordable, scalable, and practical tool that can educate African American males about prostate cancer screening practices.
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Harrell, Baker Christian. "Beyond obesity : historical, social change approaches to improve the fitness of Americans." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26059.
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America's growing concern about fatness during the twentieth century developed in parallel with a society that made it increasingly harder to live a healthy lifestyle. Since the 1970s, sweeping political, economic, cultural, and familial changes have occurred in the United States. Many researchers argue that these changes have created an "obesogenic" environment that has contributed to the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity in America by favoring inactivity and the over consumption of highly-processed, calorie-dense foods and beverages. As a result, the field of public health has increasingly begun to recognize obesity as a "societal disease." In 2001, The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity categorized the number of overweight and obese Americans as reaching "nationwide epidemic proportions." Since that time, America has waged an all-out "war on obesity." Instead of a broader emphasis on health promotion, some public health researchers have suggested that this heightened focus on obesity is 1) guided by America's historically-rooted social disdain for fatness and 2) insufficient to improve the healthy lifestyles of Americans. In searching for a solution to the so-called "obesity epidemic," a growing number of researchers have begun to look to models of social change. After an introductory chapter describing the scope of the problem, this dissertation provides an historical analysis of two, relevant social change models. The first historical case study is an examination of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's VERB social marketing campaign. The second study explores the model of social movements through the history of the aerobics "boom" of 1970s America. Based on these histories, this dissertation concludes by proposing a blended approach that harnesses the strengths of both models to organize and advance America's healthy living movement.text
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Kruss, Julie L. ""Country women are resilient but....” : family planning access in rural Victoria." Thesis, 2012. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/21315/.
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Most women use family planning services during their reproductive lifetime, but many lack ready access to such services, particularly in a rural area. The aim of this study was to document and thus develop an understanding of the facilitators and barriers to accessing three types of family planning services (emergency contraception, termination of pregnancy, and options counselling) within a particular rural area of Victoria, Australia, and how these might affect women’s psychosocial health and their ability to make timely decisions about continuation of a pregnancy.
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Makamani, Rewai. "Linguistic and discursive strategies in media representations of HIV and AIDS healthcare policy in Zimbabwe : a critical analysis of selected printed discourse in Shona and English." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13228.
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This study sought to examine linguistic and discursive strategies used to construct messages reflective of the implementation of the HIV and AIDS policy for Zimbabwe of 1999 by government and private newspapers. Such analysis was perceived to be important since media content has a bearing on Zimbabweans‘ perception and attitudes regarding HIV and AIDS prevention, treatment and control. The study was aimed at comparing messages from newspapers with views by the people of Zimbabwe regarding the implementation of the policy. Findings reveal that empowerment programmes particularly those targeting women and children are lagging behind as Zimbabweans, literature and newspaper data sources testify. In addition, information sources concur that cultural (For example, stigmatisation, polygamy, religious practices, spouse inheritance) and structural (For example, patriarchy, masculinity, bureaucracy, politics) are stumbling blocks that negatively affect the implementation of the policy. Further, even though private and government newspapers do not fully agree on the portrayal of human agents, there is a general consensus between newspaper reports and Zimbabweans that people still face socio-economic and econo-political challenges that militate against the smooth implementation of the HIV and AIDS policy. Government newspapers tend to downplay aspects which reveal inadequacies of government activities. The study notes this as betrayal of use of ideological squares both by government and private newspapers whereby certain aspects regarding the implementation of the policy are either downplayed or highlighted to influence perception. The study reveals that newspaper reports used nominalisation, quantification, positive politeness, thematisation, rhematisation, intertextuality, euphemism, proverbs, idioms, action verbs, metaphors and citation of experts as linguistic and discursive strategies both for agenda setting and building purposes regarding the implementation of the HIV and AIDS policy. Other devices used particularly in the encoding of Operation Murambatsvina are, claptraps, deictic referencing, personal pronouns, adjectives and direct speech. The study attributes problems regarding the Zimbabwean HIV and AIDS intervention model to the top – down approach inherent in the policy. Hence, the call for an adoption of an unhu/hunhu/ubuntu inspired bottom – up HIV and AIDS intervention model in Zimbabwe. This would inculcate pro-family, pro-village, pro-nation/people and ―servant leadership‖ (Mangena and Chitando, 2011) values in the fight against the pandemic through the embracing of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS). Unfortunately, such values largely continue to elude the radar of the current top – down HIV and AIDS intervention model cuurently in use in Zimbabwe.African Languages
D. Litt et Phil. (African Languages)