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Journal articles on the topic 'Cultural differentiation'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Ginsberg, Margery B. "Cultural Diversity, Motivation, and Differentiation." Theory Into Practice 44, no. 3 (July 2005): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip4403_6.

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2

Skrobanek, Jan, and Solvejg Jobst. "Cultural Differentiation or Self-Exclusion." Current Sociology 58, no. 3 (April 22, 2010): 463–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392110364041.

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3

Hofstede, Gert Jan, Catholijn M. Jonker, and Tim Verwaart. "Cultural Differentiation of Negotiating Agents." Group Decision and Negotiation 21, no. 1 (February 26, 2010): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10726-010-9190-x.

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4

Inglis, David. "Culture agonistes: social differentiation, cultural policy and Cultural Olympiads." International Journal of Cultural Policy 14, no. 4 (November 2008): 463–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286630802445955.

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Vihalemm, Triin, and Veronika Kalmus. "Cultural Differentiation of the Russian Minority." Journal of Baltic Studies 40, no. 1 (March 2009): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01629770902722278.

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6

Jokinen, Kimmo. "Cultural uniformity, differentiation, and small national cultures." Cultural Studies 8, no. 2 (May 1994): 208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09502389400490401.

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7

Alvi, Sabir A., Sar B. Khan, Sandra L. Vegeris, and Z. A. Ansari. "A Cross-Cultural Study of Psychological Differentiation." International Journal of Psychology 21, no. 1-4 (January 1986): 659–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207598608247612.

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8

Matsumoto, David. "Individual and Cultural Differences On Status Differentiation." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 38, no. 4 (July 2007): 413–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022107302311.

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9

Гозалова, Марина, Marina Gozalova, Мария Середина, and Mariya Seredina. "Socio-cultural differentiation of youth in tourism." Services in Russia and abroad 10, no. 1 (May 16, 2016): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19177.

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The article discusses the role of youth groups in the socio-cultural differentiation of youth in the field of tourism and the importance of the social role of youth in tourism. The emergence of youth tourism industry, social and cultural differences in travel motivation of young people makes it important the analysis of youth tourism. Tourism is an indicator of the differences between social stratums of youth, therefore important to talk about the social and cultural differentiation of young people in tourism and analysis of the main approaches to the essence of differentiation in tourism. The authors consider the main theoretical component of the need to use the concept "socio-cultural differentiation" and its application in tourism concerning the youth. Needs of young people with similar socio-cultural characteristics and interests are the basis of the study of the socio-cultural aspects of the differentiation of youth in tourism. Within this framework, the concept of "group" is considered as collection of people based on common values, interests, standards, constant interaction, goals, interests, and limited with criteria of membership. Socio-cultural differentiation of youth is characterized by the cultural component of this process. As a result of the foregoing, it is necessary to study the basic aspects of group relations and the role of youth in the development of society. The main elements, typical for group relations of youth in tourism, are based on leisure interests. Development of a scientific approach to solving the problems of youth, as well as availability of social and public policy in tourism are the important elements of the issue of social and cultural differentiation. In such a case, youth is viewed through the prism of group relationships based primarily on common interests.
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10

DellaPosta, Daniel, and Minjae Kim. "The Fickle Crowd: Selective Differentiation in Cultural Markets." Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, no. 1 (January 2016): 12820. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.257.

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11

Huang, Zheng Yu. "Differentiation ofMycosphaerella dearnessiiby Cultural Characters and RAPD Analysis." Phytopathology 85, no. 5 (1995): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-85-522.

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12

Du, Jie, Ralf Buckley, and Ya Tang. "Cultural differentiation in product choice by outdoor tourists." Tourism Recreation Research 41, no. 2 (March 2016): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2016.1147212.

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13

Bacon, Terry R. "Driving cultural change through behavioral differentiation at Westinghouse." Business Strategy Series 8, no. 5 (July 31, 2007): 350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17515630710684466.

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14

Standing, Susan, and Craig Standing. "Innovating Authentically: Cultural Differentiation in the Animation Sector." Systemic Practice and Action Research 32, no. 5 (December 14, 2018): 557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11213-018-9473-8.

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15

Kargapolova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna, Andrey Vadimovich Novikov, Stanislav Viktorovich Kargapolov, Andrey Petrovich Koshkin, and Julia Aleksandrovna Davydova. "E-culture of Russian students: Socio-cultural differentiation." Education and Information Technologies 26, no. 3 (January 13, 2021): 3497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10435-0.

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16

Chung, Hyejeong, and Jerry Gale. "Family Functioning and Self-Differentiation: A Cross-Cultural Examination." Contemporary Family Therapy 31, no. 1 (December 10, 2008): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10591-008-9080-4.

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17

SIGLER, THOMAS J., KALI-AHSET AMEN, and K. ANGELIQUE DWYER. "The Heterogeneous Isthmus: Transnationalism and Cultural Differentiation in Panama." Bulletin of Latin American Research 34, no. 2 (November 18, 2014): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/blar.12266.

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18

Potgieter, Frederick J., and Peter Stanley Fosl. "Attracting investment in green cultural capital through aesthetic differentiation." Cogent Arts & Humanities 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 1677127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2019.1677127.

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19

Kapeliushnikov, Rostislav, and Natalia Demina. "Consumption of Cultural Goods in Russia: Scale, Determinants, Differentiation." Journal of Economic Sociology 22, no. 2 (2021): 42–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1726-3247-2021-2-42-80.

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20

Mamaeva, Elena I. "Historical and cultural pharmaceutical heritage: conceptualization, differentiation and content." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 1 (46) (March 2021): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2021-1-87-92.

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Pharmaceutical heritage is a set of scientific and practical achievements of pharmaceutical activity of mankind. Historical and cultural pharmaceutical heritage is a collection of tangible and intangible evidence of the historical development of pharmaceutical science and practice, embodying a significant socio-cultural experience of humanity and preserved for transmission to future generations. Pharmaceutical and medical heritage is difficult to differentiate due to the long joint history of development and intertwining modern practices, but the separation of the professions of a doctor and a pharmacist allows us to distinguish the historical and cultural pharmaceutical heritage from the end of the XVII century. Historical and cultural pharmaceutical heritage is classified into tangible and intangible, according to functional characteristics, material historical and cultural heritage is divided into movable and immovable heritage.
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21

Matsumoto, David, Seung Hee Yoo, and Johnny Fontaine. "Hypocrisy or maturity? Culture and context differentiation." European Journal of Personality 23, no. 3 (May 2009): 251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.716.

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We introduce a new construct called Context Differentiation (CD), and describe how it functions on both the individual and cultural levels. We derive several measures of it from a multi‐context measure of cultural display rules for emotional expressions obtained from 33 countries, and examine country and cultural differences on it, and relate those differences to cultural value dimensions associated with context. Findings indicated that cultures were reliably associated with measures of CD. The framework and findings provide a platform for new research in the future examining how individuals differentiate their behaviours across contexts, and how cultures facilitate that differentiation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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22

Glevarec, Hervé, and Michel Pinet. "Is Cultural Eclecticism Axiological and a New Mark of Distinction? Cultural Diversification and Social Differentiation of Tastes in France." Cultural Sociology 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 188–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975516677366.

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Eclecticism as formulated initially by Richard Peterson includes the two ideas that cultural eclecticism is axiological (a mix of elite and non-elite genres) and represents a ‘standard for good taste’ (a new form of distinction). Research on eclecticism progressively developed an approach of differentiation with mixed-taste profiles complicating the relationship between types of omnivorousness and social value of cultural genres. This article discusses the two dimensions of explanations for French cultural eclecticism in the 2000s: value of taste and distinction. Based on a hierarchical classification of French culturally eclectic individuals in 2008, this article shows that a model of diversification of tastes is required to describe the contemporary diversity of portfolios of tastes and the absence of a dominant eclectic figure. It argues for a new model called ‘tablature’ which is a model of genre diversification combined with the social differentiation of tastes. The model results from the cultural field’s historical development into genres and changes in the judgement of taste. The classification suggests that we have passed from a ‘distinction’ argument to a ‘differentiation’ argument.
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23

Velikiy, Peter P., and Viktor L. Shabanov. "Economic and Socio-Cultural Foundations of Rural Families’ Social Differentiation." Izvestia of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Sociology. Politology 20, no. 3 (2020): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1818-9601-2020-20-3-250-256.

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24

Peleg, Ora, and Caterina Messerschmidt‐Grandi. "Differentiation of self and trait anxiety: A cross‐cultural perspective." International Journal of Psychology 54, no. 6 (October 5, 2018): 816–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12535.

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25

Morris, Jeremy. "Drinking to the nation: Russian television advertising and cultural differentiation." Europe-Asia Studies 59, no. 8 (December 2007): 1387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668130701655218.

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26

Peleg, Ora, and Ahlam Rahal. "Physiological symptoms and differentiation of self: A cross-cultural examination." International Journal of Intercultural Relations 36, no. 5 (September 2012): 719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2012.04.001.

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27

Blitstein, Peter A. "Cultural Diversity and the Interwar Conjuncture: Soviet Nationality Policy in Its Comparative Context." Slavic Review 65, no. 2 (2006): 273–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4148593.

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Soviet nationality policy was one of several political responses to cultural diversity in the interwar period. Peter A. Blitstein situates that policy in its comparative context, contrasting the Soviet Union to its eastern European neighbors and to British and French rule in Africa. Contrary to the nationalizing policies of the new states of eastern Europe, which sought national unity at the expense of ethnic minorities, Soviet nationality policy was initially based on practices of differentiation. Contrary to the colonial policies of Britain and France, which were based on ethnic and racial differentiation, Soviet policy sought to integrate all peoples into one state. In the mid-to-late 1930s, however, Soviet policy took a nationalizing turn similar to its neighbors in eastern Europe, without completely abandoning policies of ethnic differentiation. We should thus understand the Soviet approach as a unique hybrid of contradictory practices of nationalization and differentiation
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28

Lehmann, Christian, Lorenz Welker, and Wulf Schiefenhövel. "Towards an ethology of song: A categorization of musical behaviour." Musicae Scientiae 13, no. 2_suppl (September 2009): 321–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1029864909013002141.

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This paper deals with the differentiation and adaptive significance of musical, particularly singing behaviour. We discuss the relationship of speech and song and define song as a musical mode of speech. We argue for a focus on singing as the primary form of musical expression and discuss universal functions of singing as a mode of human communication and their possible adaptive significance. Starting from these universal capacities, from a number of recently discussed candidates for adaptive functions, and from the record of various cultural gender and biological sex differentiations related to music, a categorization of musical (particularly singing) behaviour, primarily based on sex differentiation, is proposed.
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29

Fitzi, Gregor. "THE CONFLICT OF SOCIAL LIFE AND CULTURAL FORMS: SIMMEL’S THEORY OF “QUALITATIVE SOCIETAL DIFFERENTIATION”." Novos Rumos Sociológicos 5, no. 7 (October 6, 2017): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/norus.v5i7.12309.

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Simmel’s work has often been interpreted as a succession of disparate phases of development following contradictory epistemological paradigms and intellectual stances, and a similar misunderstanding applies to his theory of societal differentiation. A completely different view emerges of Simmel’s contribution to sociological theory if his process of theory-building is placed at the forefront of analysis along with its specific continuities. The present paper provides a synthetic study of Simmel’s theory of societal differentiation by systematically reconstructing the different stages of its development. It starts with Simmel’s early theory of the parallel differentiation of the social group and the personality of the social actors, thus highlighting that social differentiation can be understood only as a process that takes place both on the level of social action and social structure. The focus then shifts to Simmel’s theory of culture and its relationship to the core of his sociological theory in the so-called a priori of sociation. Finally, the paper shows how Simmel’s late sociological anthropology links the different contributions on social differentiation, cultural sociology and the epistemological premises of sociation in a theory of life forms producing the structuration of “qualitative differentiated societies”.
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30

Beckert, Jens, Jörg Rössel, and Patrick Schenk. "Wine as a Cultural Product." Sociological Perspectives 60, no. 1 (August 2, 2016): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121416629994.

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In markets for goods that are valued for their aesthetic qualities, the ascription of value appears to be an uncertain social process. The wine market is an extraordinary example, as most persons are not able to differentiate between wines based on objective sensory characteristics. Therefore, we theorize valuation according to Bourdieu’s field theoretical perspective as a social process in which quality is contested. Our empirical analysis shows, first, that his model has considerable power in explaining price differentiation between wineries and second, that the orientation of consumers toward different segments of the field is based on a homologous class hierarchy.
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31

KimUsic, 김은정, and 김재준. "The Effect of High-Tech Industries on Differentiation of Cultural Consumption." 사회과학연구 17, no. 1 (February 2009): 84–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.17787/jsgiss.2009.17.1.84.

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32

Miller, Joan G. "Cultural influences on the development of conceptual differentiation in person description." British Journal of Developmental Psychology 5, no. 4 (November 1987): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-835x.1987.tb01067.x.

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33

Sassi, Sinikka. "Cultural differentiation or social segregation? Four approaches to the digital divide." New Media & Society 7, no. 5 (October 2005): 684–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444805056012.

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34

Daniel, Ella, David Schiefer, Anna Möllering, Maya Benish-Weisman, Klaus Boehnke, and Ariel Knafo. "Value Differentiation in Adolescence: The Role of Age and Cultural Complexity." Child Development 83, no. 1 (December 16, 2011): 322–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01694.x.

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35

ParkSeongHwan. "The Differentiation of Modern Society and the Cultural Significance of ‘Sociability." Korean Journal of Cultural Sociology 13, no. 1 (November 2012): 187–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.17328/kjcs.2012.13.1.005.

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36

Daniel, Antje. "Book Review: Inequality, Socio-Cultural Differentiation and Social Structures in Africa." Africa Spectrum 55, no. 2 (July 24, 2020): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002039720938377.

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37

Prasad-Aleyamma, Mythri. "The cultural politics of wages." Contributions to Indian Sociology 51, no. 2 (April 26, 2017): 163–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0069966717697420.

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This article argues for an understanding of wages as cultural and spatial relations. By examining the wages of migrant workers and local unionised labour in Ernakulam in Kerala, South India, it demonstrates that ‘wages’ embody local practices and processes. The article details the labour practices in a port building site and in spot labour markets for construction work. It examines skill as a social relation and non-payment of wages as an accumulation strategy. Wages of local workers and that of migrant workers differ not only in terms of quantity, but also in terms of the processes and practices that surround them. These differences are viewed through the lens of cultural politics and spatial differentiation.
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38

Lynch, Alejandro, and Allan J. Baker. "Congruence of morphometric and cultural evolution in Atlantic island chaffinch populations." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 7 (July 1, 1986): 1576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-236.

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Cultural and morphometric evolution of populations of chaffinches from the Azores, Madeira, and Canary Islands were compared using songs and external measurements from seven populations. Cultural evolution was assessed by computing distances among island syllable pools, based on presence or absence coding of syllables. Morphometric differentiation was assessed by computing average taxonomic distances among populations using data from Grant (P. R. Grant. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 11: 301–332. 1979). Separate analyses of the syllable pool and morphometric distances using cluster and principal coordinates analysis revealed that populations within archipelagos are more similar to one another than they are to populations in different archipelagos. The Madeira population occupies an intermediate position, consistent with its geographic location between the Azores and Canaries archipelagos. Congruence of the patterns of morphometric and cultural evolution in these islands suggests to us that the differentiation has been influenced by a colonization history involving restricted gene and meme flow between archipelagos, subsequent drift, and possibly founder effects. Although directional selection has been implicated in the morphometric differentiation (Grant 1979), cultural evolution (like neutral gene evolution) does not seem to have been subject to selective forces.
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39

Tittenbrun, Dr Jacek. "CULTURAL CAPITAL: A KEYWORD OR A CATCHWORD?" JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN HUMANITIES 2, no. 1 (June 25, 2014): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jah.v2i1.415.

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The concept of cultural capital is highly popular in the social sciences and humanities. Yet, its usefulness as a research tool is often taken for granted. Meanwhile, the present paper attempts to show that if anything should be evident about the cultural capital, it is its negative, harmful rather than valuable character. The concept is under-specified- it overlaps related concepts denoting other forms of capital, such as social and human capital. The capital analogy is totally misplaced, since the concept, as it is commonly defined, does not meet any conditions of real, that is, economic capital. Cultural capital theory, as developed notably by Pierre Bourdieu, comprises also class theory, which, however, is of poor quality, mixing up some class, e.e. economic ownership, criteria with those pertinent to stratification, and adding insult to injury-not differentiating between those and social estates, i.e. units of social differentiation in the non-economic domain. As a result, the key thesis of theory regarding social reproduction is not supported by evidence. Finally, the term "cultural capital" upon scrutiny proves to be entangled in the fallacy of contradicto in terminis. Thus, though its unclear relationship to capital stricto sensu might suggest that the concept is something of a metaphor, in fact it is rather an oxymoron. Needless to say, just this feature-and there are a host of other flaws- causes that the concept should be discarded out of hand.
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40

Joerchel, Amrei C. "Differentiation Levels of Cultural Mediation Within a Socio-Cultural Sphere: A Re-evaluation of the Concept of Culture." Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science 46, no. 3 (June 10, 2012): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12124-012-9205-z.

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41

Venit, Marjorie Susan. "The Stagni Painted Tomb: Cultural Interchange and Gender Differentiation in Roman Alexandria." American Journal of Archaeology 103, no. 4 (October 1999): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/507076.

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42

Swislocki, M. "Imagining Irreconcilability: Cultural Differentiation through Human-Animal Relations in Late Qing Shanghai." positions: asia critique 20, no. 4 (September 1, 2012): 1159–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-1717699.

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43

Yeaman, Samuel, Redouan Bshary, and Laurent Lehmann. "The effect of innovation and sex-specific migration on neutral cultural differentiation." Animal Behaviour 82, no. 1 (July 2011): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.04.004.

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44

Lovin, Lou, Maggie Kyger, and David Allsopp. "Differentiation for Special Needs Learners." Teaching Children Mathematics 11, no. 3 (October 2004): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.11.3.0158.

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With the advent of legislation such as the current Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the inclusion of students with disabilities in schools has steadily increased. More recently, the level of language and cultural diversity represented in public schools has also increased. Consequently, today's classrooms include students with a wide range of learning needs. For example, Carlos has a language-based learning problem, Ben struggles with attention problems, Maria's weak reading skills interfere with her learning in all areas, and Jason has superior cognitive ability but great difficulty with mathematics. Classrooms rich in diversity most decidedly do exist—classrooms that give all students opportunities to learn about differences and abilities and about how to celebrate individuality while building communities. They can be wonderful learning environments for our children.
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45

Tutin, C. E. G., W. C. McGrew, and R. W. Wrangham. "CHARTING CULTURAL VARIATION IN CHIMPANZEES." Behaviour 138, no. 11-12 (2001): 1481–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853901317367717.

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AbstractCultural variation among chimpanzee communities or unit-groups at nine long-term study sites was charted through a systematic, collaborative procedure in which the directors of the sites first agreed a candidate list of 65 behaviour patterns (here fully defined), then classified each pattern in relation to its local frequency of occurrence. Thirty-nine of the candidate behaviour patterns were discriminated as cultural variants, sufficiently frequent at one or more sites to be consistent with social transmission, yet absent at one or more others where environmental explanations were rejected. Each community exhibited a unique and substantial profile of such variants, far exceeding cultural variation reported before for any other non-human species. Evaluation of these pan-African distributions against three models for the diffusion of traditions identified multiple cases consistent with cultural evolution involving differentiation in form, function and targets of behaviour patterns.
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46

Purhonen, Semi, Jukka Gronow, and Keijo Rahkonen. "Social Differentiation of Musical and Literary Taste Patterns in Finland." Finnish Journal of Social Research 2 (December 15, 2009): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51815/fjsr.110689.

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Music and literature are analysed in terms of liking different cultural genres following a three-step analytical strategy. First, the distributions of likes/dislikes of different music and literary genres are examined. Second, we examined how the genres are interrelated. Third, we investigated how interrelating genres condensed into different taste patterns can be explained by five background variables: gender, age, education, income and residential area. In addition, there is a short analysis of the connections among taste patterns across the two cultural areas. The results suggest clear social differentiation in tastes, both in music and in literature, in Finland. Age and especially gender proved to be at least as important as education in explaining musical and literary taste patterns in general and highbrow tastes in particular. Three major correlations representing ‘highbrow’, ‘popular folk’ and ‘popular action’ tastes across the two cultural areas were found, indicating clear homologies between musical and literary taste.
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47

Castellani, Victor. "Europa, Euripides, and the differentiation of “Europe”." European Legacy 1, no. 4 (July 1996): 1545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10848779608579608.

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48

Andrews, David L. "Contextualizing suburban soccer: Consumer culture, lifestyle differentiation and suburban America." Culture, Sport, Society 2, no. 3 (September 1999): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14610989908721846.

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49

Jankiewicz, Mateusz. "Cultural Differences and the Consumption Structure in the European Union Countries." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica 5, no. 344 (October 31, 2019): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6018.344.07.

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The aim of the paper is to study the cultural differentiation in the European Union countries and compare it with the differentiation in their consumption spending. The question is whether similar countries in terms of culture have similar final consumption expenditures and consumption structures. Culture in this research is characterised by six Hofstede dimensions – power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence vs. restraint. The consumption structure is characterised by share of durable goods, semi‑durable goods, non‑durable goods and services in households’ final consumption. In the analysis, the influence of culture on the share of non‑durable goods and services in final consumption expenditures is considered. Countries’ similarities in these two aspects are evaluated with the use of the cluster analysis approach – the k‑means algorithm and the Ward clustering method. The dependence between the structure of final consumption expenditures and culture is investigated using spatial autoregressive (SAR) and spatial error (SE) panel data models.
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50

Nonacs, Peter, and Karen M. Kapheim. "Cultural evolution and emergent group-level traits through social heterosis." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, no. 3 (June 2014): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x1300294x.

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AbstractSmaldino proposes emergent properties of human groups, arising when individuals display both differentiation and organization, constitute a novel unit of cultural selection not addressed by current evolutionary theory. We propose existing theoretical frameworks for maintenance of genetic diversity – social heterosis and social genomes – can similarly explain the appearance and maintenance of human cultural diversity (i.e., group-level traits) and collaborative interdependence.
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