Journal articles on the topic 'Cultivation'
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1
Mohler, Charles L., Caroline A. Marschner, Brian A. Caldwell, and Antonio DiTommaso. "Weed Mortality Caused by Row-Crop Cultivation in Organic Corn–Soybean–Spelt Cropping Systems." Weed Technology 30, no. 3 (September 2016): 648–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-16-00020.1.
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To assess the effectiveness of interrow cultivation, counts were taken before and after cultivation of corn and soybean during the first two crop rotations in a corn–soybean–spelt organic grain cropping systems experiment. Overall control per cultivation event in soybean was 73%, about equal to the 67% of the interrow area actually covered by cultivator tools. Weed control per cultivation event in corn was higher, and exceeded 91% at later cultivations. The greater weed control in corn relative to soybean, particularly at later cultivations, was probably due to more soil being thrown into the corn row, burying a greater proportion of the weeds. Perennial weeds emerging from roots and rhizomes were less controlled by cultivation events than weeds emerging from seeds. Relatively poor control of perennials was due both to rapid resprouting during the few days between cultivation and assessment and to a lower probability of death in the zone indirectly disturbed by cultivator tools. Seedlings of perennial species suffered greater mortality from cultivation than annual weeds, probably because the low relative growth rate of perennials resulted in small seedlings that were susceptible to cultivation. Common ragweed was less controlled by cultivation than other annual weeds, probably because its heavier seeds produced larger seedlings at the time of cultivation. These larger seedlings were less likely to be buried during hilling-up operations at later cultivations. Counts of weeds before and after individual cultivation events provide insight into the processes affecting weed mortality during mechanical management.
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Evans, Glenn J., Robin R. Bellinder, and Russell R. Hahn. "An Evaluation of Two Novel Cultivation Tools." Weed Technology 26, no. 2 (June 2012): 316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00024.1.
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Cultivation is a critical component of organic weed management and has relevance in conventional farming. Limitations with current cultivation tools include high costs, limited efficacy, and marginal applicability across a range of crops, soil types, soil moisture conditions, and weed growth stages. The objectives of this research were to compare the weed control potential of two novel tools, a block cultivator and a stirrup cultivator, with that of a conventional S-tine cultivator, and to evaluate crop response when each tool was used in pepper and broccoli. Block and stirrup cultivators were mounted on a toolbar with an S-tine sweep. In 2008, the tripart cultivator was tested in 20 independently replicated noncrop field events. Weed survival and reemergence data were collected from the cultivated area of each of the three tools. Environmental data were also collected. A multivariable model was created to assess the importance of cultivator design and environmental and operational variables on postcultivation weed survival. Additional trials in 2009 evaluated the yield response of pepper and broccoli to interrow cultivations with each tool. Cultivator design significantly influenced postcultivation weed survival (P < 0.0001). When weed survival was viewed collectively across all 20 cultivations, both novel cultivators significantly increased control. Relative to the S-tine sweep, the stirrup cultivator reduced weed survival by about one-third and the block cultivator reduced weed survival by greater than two-thirds. Of the 11 individually assessed environmental and operational parameters, 7 had significant implications for weed control with the sweep; 5 impacted control with the stirrup cultivator, and only 1 (surface weed cover at the time of cultivation) influenced control with the block cultivator. Crop response to each cultivator was identical. The block cultivator, because of its increased effectiveness and operational flexibility, has the potential to improve interrow mechanical weed management.
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Nekhoroshev, N. D., A. P. Arinushkin, D. A. Nekhoroshev, D. D. Nekhoroshev, T. A. Polikarpova, and A. N. Matasov. "The working organ of the cultivator KPS – 4 with a needle disk for weed control." BIO Web of Conferences 71 (2023): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237101012.
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Weed control is an important technological operation in the cultivation of all types of agricultural crops, especially row crops, vegetables and grains. Since weeds have an increased ability to grow and develop at low temperatures in early agrotechnical terms. Then the fight against them in the preparation of the soil before sowing is a necessary condition for maintaining moisture and obtaining consistently high crop yields. When carrying out agrotechnical measures aimed at weed control, cultivators for continuous tillage are used, which are used for tillage before sowing and when caring for fallows. But when cultivating, the cut weeds overhang on the rack of the working body of the cultivator. This violates the agrotechnical requirements for tillage and reduces the productivity of the unit during cultivation. To eliminate these shortcomings, a device has been developed that provides protection for the cultivator leg rack from overhanging cut weeds during cultivation. The created working body can be installed on the existing frame structure of the steam cultivator without its modification. The operation of a steam cultivator with an improved working body allows you to increase the productivity of work on cultivation by 15%.
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Wann, D. Q., and R. S. Tubbs. "Interactive Effects of Hand Weeding, Tine and Sweep Cultivation for Weed Control in Organic Peanut Production." Peanut Science 41, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps13-15.1.
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ABSTRACT Previous research has shown that mechanical cultivation is the most effective and affordable method of weed control in organic peanut production. However, growers are in need of more information on specific integrated cultivation regimes for effective season-long weed control with minimal hand-weeding requirements. Therefore, field trials were conducted in 2010–2012 to evaluate the effects of various tine and sweep cultivation treatments combined with or without hand-weeding on season-long weed control, stand establishment, and yield and grade of an organically-managed peanut crop. Tine cultivation treatments consisted of no cultivation or weekly cultivations for 5 wks after planting (WAP). Sweep treatments consisted of no cultivation, weekly cultivations (for 5 WAP), cultivations at 2 and 5 WAP only, or cultivation at 5 WAP only. Hand-weeding treatments were no hand-weeding or hand-weeding of the entire plot. There were numerous significant interactions among tine and sweep treatments on weed control. Initial weed species composition greatly affected cultivation effects on overall weed control. Tine cultivation was most effective at controlling annual grass weeds. Sweep cultivation was effective at reducing weeds (Amaranthus spp., southern crabgrass, and Florida pusley), but primarily when tine cultivation was absent. Hand-weeding significantly improved weed control for every weed species every year. Additionally, inclusion of certain cultivation regimes significantly reduced the hand-weeding time requirement over the control. However, cultivation treatments did not improve pod yield or grade in any year. The most significant benefit in cultivation from these data is in the reduction in hand-weeding requirements. Based on this research, a regime consisting of weekly tine cultivations for 5 WAP, combined with two timely sweep cultivations provided the best overall balance of weed control and minimization of hand-weeding. Hand-weeding is the most critical weed control method, followed by tine cultivation, and finally sweep cultivation, which primarily served as an aid in the event of missed tine cultivations or failure.
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Akhalaya, B. H., Yu S. Tsench, and A. V. Mironova. "Soil-cultivating Unit With a Device for Automated Control of the Working Width." Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area, no. 9 (September 29, 2023): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33267/2072-9642-2023-9-12-15.
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A soil-cultivating unit with an innovative device for automated width adjustment is presented to provide a highly efficient soil-moisture-saving method of tillage when cultivating spring crops. The use of the developed device will improve the quality of soil cultivation in various conditions, the stability of the cultivator, reduce traction resistance, and the economic efficiency of cultivating crops, while reducing operating costs.
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Haugrud, Nathan H., and Thomas J. Peters. "Inter-row cultivation timing effects on waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) control and sugarbeet yield and quality." Weed Technology 35, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 394–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2021.10.
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AbstractThe invasion of waterhemp into northern sugarbeet growing regions has prompted producers to re-integrate inter-row cultivation into weed management programs, as no currently registered herbicides can control glyphosate-resistant waterhemp POST in crop. Inter-row cultivation was a common weed control practice in sugarbeet until the release of glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet cultivars in 2008 made the use of inter-row cultivation unnecessary. In the late 2010s, producers began again to use inter-row cultivation to remove weeds that glyphosate did not control, but producers need information on the effectiveness and safety of inter-row cultivation when used with soil-residual herbicide programs. Efficacy and tolerance field experiments were conducted in Minnesota and North Dakota from 2017 to 2019. Results from the efficacy experiment demonstrated that cultivation improved waterhemp control 11% and 12%, 14 and 28 d after treatment, respectively. Waterhemp response to cultivation was dependent on crop canopy and precipitation after cultivation. Cultivation had minimal effect on waterhemp density in three environments, but at one environment, near Galchutt, ND in 2019, waterhemp density increased 600% and 196%, 14 and 28 d after treatment, respectively. Climate data indicated that in 2019 Galchutt, ND received 105 mm of precipitation in the 14 d following cultivation and had an open crop canopy that probably contributed to further weed emergence. Results from the tolerance experiment demonstrated that root yield and recoverable sucrose were not affected by cultivation timing or number of cultivations. In one environment, cultivating reduced sucrose content by 0.8% regardless of date or cultivation number, but no differences were found in four environments. Damage/destruction of leaf tissue from in-season cultivation is probably responsible for the reduction in sucrose content. Results indicate that cultivation can be a valuable tool to control weeds that herbicide cannot, but excessive rainfall and open crop canopy following cultivation can create an environment conducive to further weed emergence.
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Newsom, Larry J., and David R. Shaw. "Cultivation Enhances Weed Control in Soybean (Glycine max) with AC 263,222." Weed Technology 10, no. 3 (September 1996): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00040331.
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Cultivations in conjunction with POST applications of AC 263,222 were evaluated for their effects on sicklepod and pitted morningglory control and soybean yield. Cultivation alone controlled sicklepod and pitted morningglory season-long no more than 30%. In most instances, one cultivation with herbicides improved sicklepod and pitted morningglory control compared with no cultivation, but two cultivations did not further improve control. Two applications of AC 263,222 at 9 or 13 g ai/ha per application with a single cultivation caused the most soybean injury and were no more efficacious than imazaquin applied PRE followed by 9 g/ha AC 263,222. Imazaquin applied PRE followed by AC 263,222 at 18 g/ha plus one or two cultivations were the only treatments that controlled sicklepod and pitted morningglory more than 90% season-long. Cultivation in combination with herbicides increased yields over that of herbicides used alone. Soybean yield was the highest following imazaquin applied PRE followed by AC 263,222 at 9 g/ha plus two cultivations.
8
Evans, Glenn J., Robin R. Bellinder, and Russell R. Hahn. "Cultivation Tool Design: Design and Construction of Two Novel Cultivation Tools." Weed Technology 26, no. 2 (June 2012): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00023.1.
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Cultivation tools have a long history of use. The integration of cultivation within current organic and conventional weed management programs is conditional on the availability of functional, practical cultivation tools. However, there are performance and operational limitations with current cultivation tools. Serviceable improvement in weed control is the impetus behind creation of new tool designs. The primary objective of this research was to design and construct two cultivators that might address the limitations of current cultivation tools. A secondary objective was to identify historical influences on the technology, availability, and capability of cultivation tools. Two new tractor-mounted cultivators were designed and constructed as loose extractions of antique handheld tools. The first tool, a block cultivator, has a flat surface in the front of the tool that rests against the soil and limits the entrance of a rear-mounted blade. The second tool resembles a stirrup hoe, where a horizontal steel blade with a beveled front edge slices through the upper layer of the soil. Block and stirrup cultivator units were mounted on a toolbar with a traditional S-tine sweep, so that the novel cultivators could be compared directly with a common standard. Relative to the S-tine sweep, the stirrup cultivator reduced weed survival by about one-third and the block cultivator reduced weed survival by greater than two-thirds. Of the three tools, block cultivator performance was least influenced by environmental and operational variances.
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Suprapti, Endang, Mahananto, and Kusriani Prasetyowati. "Empowering Triyagan Village: A Comprehensive Service Program for Advancing Fisheries Cultivation and Aquaponics in Mojolaban District, Sukoharjo Regency." Journal of Community Capacity Empowerment 2, no. 1 (February 6, 2024): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36728/jcce.v2i1.3270.
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The service program is carried out by holding activities to help develop and improve fisheries cultivation and aquaponics activities in Triyagan Village, Mojolaban District, Sukoharjo Regency. The methods used to achieve the intended goal are providing education regarding the importance of cultivating in the yard, training on cultivating fish in buckets, and training on aquaponic cultivation. Training on the aquaponic cultivation system, a combination of raising fish in buckets and vegetables, can increase partners' knowledge of cultivating fish in buckets. And aquaponics of kale. Partners can immediately practice Budikdamber and Aquaponik, cultivation management, and Budikdamber and Aquapoik business management. The author hopes that promoting cultivation around the home yard will increase family food security.
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Pleasant, Jane Mt, Robert F. Burt, and James C. Frisch. "Integrating Mechanical and Chemical Weed Management in Corn (Zea mays)." Weed Technology 8, no. 2 (June 1994): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00038689.
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Experiments conducted over three years compared weed cover and grain yields in corn which received cultivation alone, herbicide alone, and treatments combining mechanical and chemical weed control. Weed cover averaged 30% with cultivation alone compared to 9% for the other treatments. Grain yields were 7% lower in one year. In the cultivation-alone treatments the rolling cultivator was less effective in controlling weeds than the shovel/sweep cultivator. In-row weed cover was greater than between-row weed cover with cultivation alone. With banded herbicide plus cultivation, in and between-row weed cover was the same. Weed cover and grain yields following banded herbicide plus cultivation were equivalent to broadcast herbicide with or without cultivation.
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Djukic, Vojin, Zlatica Miladinov, Gordana Dozet, Svetlana Balesevic-Tubic, Jegor Miladinovic, Predrag Randjelovic, and Marina Ceran. "Inter-row cultivation - an agro-technical measure for increasing soybean yield." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 64, no. 1 (2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1901001d.
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In order to examine the influence of inter-row cultivation on the soybean yield, a trial was set up in the Agricultural School in Backa Topola from 2015 to 2017. Three soybean varieties were selected at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. Galina, Sava and Rubin were used. The trials included the different number of inter-row cultivations: control - without inter-row cultivation, one inter-row cultivation, two and three inter-row cultivations of soybean crops. Obtained results showed that an average yield of soybean increased with an increase in the number of inter-row cultivations during the soybean vegetation period. With one inter-row cultivation, the yield increase was 5.33%, with two inter-row cultivations - 7.10% and with three cultivations - 7.33%. In the years with a lower precipitation, the influence of intra-row cultivation was much more effective. In 2017, the increase ranged from 10.33% to 13.62%, and in 2016 from 3.09% to 4.27%. Yield was increased due to reduced evapotranspiration of soil moisture as well as prevention of descending of water into deeper layers. During summer, this allowed better water conservation in the soil for critical periods, and also increased the activity of microorganisms as well as more intensive mineralization of organic matter, which ultimately influenced the yield.
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Arya, I. Wayan, I. Gusti Gurah Sugiana, I. Dewa Nyoman Sadguna, I. Gede Sudiarta, and N. Pangki Pangemanan. "Empowering Fish Cultivator Groups in Water-Minimum Areas by Cultivating Ospronemous gouramy Fish in Probiotic Media Tarpaulin Ponds in Asahduren Village, Jembrana Regency, Bali Province." Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bestari 2, no. 10 (October 30, 2023): 883–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/jpmb.v2i10.6284.
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This National Community Partnership Program (PKM) is a collaboration between Warmadewa University, Denpasar and Sam Ratulangi University, Manado with partner fish cultivator group (Pokdakan) "Mina Dewata" in Asahduren Village, Pekutatan District, Jembrana, Bali. This PKM aims to optimize the use of water and land resources while increasing Pokdakan productivity by cultivating gourami fish in tarpaulin ponds with probiotic media. The cultivation container is in the form of a tarpaulin pond with water media treated with probiotics, so that it saves water and the water quality remains healthy for the growth of gourami fish. The program is implemented using the applied study method, including: 1) Cultivating gourami fish in tarpaulin ponds with probiotic media; and 2) Increasing the capacity and competence of Pokdakan. In this initial stage, the group has succeeded in creating 4 cultivation ponds out of the 12 planned ponds.
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Sun, De Lin, Jie She, Zhen Yan Cai, Xi Ya Feng, Ai Ling Ma, and Li Zhen Zhang. "Diversification Study of Cultivation Pattern of E-Commerce Professional Talents." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 2280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.2280.
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The diversified e-commerces development requires that institutions higher education innovate their cultivation patterns professional talents, study the diversified cultivation patterns e-commerce professional talents, optimize the cultivation patterns e-commerce professional talents in the institutions higher education and enhance the quality cultivations professional talents.
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Felix, Joel, Jerry Ivany, George O. Kegode, and Doug Doohan. "Timing Potato Cultivation Using The Weedcast Model." Weed Science 57, no. 1 (February 2009): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-08-019.1.
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A weed emergence prediction model, WeedCast, was used as a decision aid to schedule potato cultivation with and without herbicides at Wooster, OH, USA; Charlottetown, PE, Canada; and Fargo, ND, USA, from 2001 to 2003. Studies were laid out in a split-plot design with herbicides (±) forming the main plots and cultivation timing as subplots. Cultivation was done at 15, 30, or 60% of predicted weed emergence. Subplots were either left unsprayed or treated with metolachlor + metribuzin at 1.68 + 0.5 kg ai ha−1and only cultivated at predetermined timing. Cultivation timing was based on predicted emergence of common lambsquarters at Wooster and Charlottetown, whereas eastern black nightshade was the indicator weed at Fargo. Weed control for the different cultivation timings varied among sites and years and was consistently better in plots where herbicides were followed by cultivation. Cultivation alone resulted in poor weed control and significantly reduced potato tuber yield compared with those in plots where weed control also included herbicides. Use of herbicides followed by cultivation and hilling increased tuber yield by 4.6, 4.3, and 8.7 t ha−1, when cultivations were done at 15, 30, and 60% of predicted weed emergence, respectively, and 12.2 t ha−1for hilled-only plots. The average potato yield increase at Charlottetown was 9.7, 5.9, 6.9, and 7.4 t ha−1for hilled-only plots and for hilled after cultivations at 15, 30, and 60% of predicted weed emergence with herbicides, respectively. There was no apparent pattern for treatment effects at Fargo, and the potato tuber yields were greatly reduced mainly because of excessive precipitation during potato establishment. Use of WeedCast as a decision-aid tool could be an asset in determining when to do the first and subsequent cultivations. It may work best for growers who use cultivations in potato to remove weeds that were not controlled by herbicides.
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Adhiwibowo, Whisnumurti, April Firman Daru, and Alauddin Maulana Hirzan. "Temperature and Humidity Monitoring Using DHT22 Sensor and Cayenne API." Jurnal Transformatika 17, no. 2 (January 30, 2020): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/transformatika.v17i2.1820.
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<p>Internet of Thing is a new technology which enables small processing-capable devices to capture or retrieve information from a sensor and send the data to the central computer. This technology is useful for any sector especially agriculture, IoT can be used as monitoring or/and controlling the condition inside the cultivation. There are many kinds of agriculture cultivations, some of them have strict conditions due to the growth requirements. Oyster mushroom cultivation is one of many cultivations which requires strict temperature and humidity needed by oyster mushroom to growth optimal. The temperature inside the cultivation must be within 25°C until 30°C and humidity within 70% RH until 90% RH. Due to these strict requirements, the farmers required to check their cultivations every day and manually maintain the temperature and humidity, and this situation becomes a problem when the farmers own many cultivations. Hence, this research has a purpose to design an automatic monitoring system based on Internet of Things technology which utilizing the DHT22 sensor and Cayenne API as information retrieval medium to the computer. When using this device, the farmers can check their cultivation in the meantime without going inside the cultivation. This device will connect to the internet through wireless connectivity and send the captured information by the sensor to the farmers. The stored data from the cultivation can be exported as a CSV format if the farmers want to check the temperature and humidity statistic. The retrieved information from the sensor also displayed on the LCD attached to the device to ease the information reading near the cultivation.</p>
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Yang, Dongcan. "Research on the Cultivating Mechanism of Pokémon Franchise Core Games." SHS Web of Conferences 179 (2023): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317903003.
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Since the birth of Pokémon in 1996, after 27 years of development, it has become the world’s second hottest-selling series of video games and is highly influential worldwide. As a role-playing game, the game encourages players to keep exploring, meet more Pokémon, and become league champions through Pokémon battles. The game revolves around four core elements: col-lecting, cultivating, exchanging and battling. This study will focus on the cultivating mechanism of the Pokémon game and explore the specific mech-anism and implementation of the Pokémon cultivating gameplay in the game. As a benchmark in the industry, the cultivating gameplay of Pokémon games has been very mature, and the study of its specific mechanics is in-dicative of related games. This study observes and analyzes the Pokémon ability cultivation, Pokémon offspring cultivation, and Pokémon interaction in three directions: the way players participate in Pokémon cultivation, the results of cultivation, and the experience players get. After analysis, this study specifically divides the Pokémon cultivating gameplay into three as-pects: ability training, offspring nurturing and emotional cultivation, and summarizes the specific mechanisms and related impacts included in each aspect and gives opinions on development.
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Wann, D. Q., R. S. Tubbs, W. C. Johnson, A. R. Smith, N. B. Smith, A. K. Culbreath, and J. W. Davis. "Tine Cultivation Effects on Weed Control, Productivity, and Economics of Peanut under Organic Management." Peanut Science 38, no. 2 (July 1, 2011): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps10-22.1.
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ABSTRACT Identifying effective weed control regimes for organic peanut is paramount for improving the feasibility of organic production. Tine cultivation is a proven effective method for reducing in-row weed populations in several crops. Field trials were therefore conducted in 2008 and 2009 to assess the effects of tine cultivation combined with sweep cultivation and supplemental hand-weeding on weed control and overall productivity of two peanut cultivars under organic management. Tine cultivation regimes consisted of two frequencies (once per week or twice per week) for three durations (3 wk, 4 wk, or 5 wk). All cultivation treatments were also cultivated with flat sweeps at least once and hand-weeded periodically during the growing season. A non-cultivated, non-weeded control was included for comparison. All cultivation treatments significantly reduced annual grass populations in 2008 and Florida pusley populations both years. Cultivated treatments also resulted in denser plant stands for peanut (9.2 plants/m to 13.2 plants/m) than the non-cultivated control (5.9 plants/m to 7.9 plants/m). Pod yields in cultivated treatments ranged from 3502 kg/ha to 3823 kg/ha and were all significantly greater than yields in the non-cultivated control (1630 kg/ha). Also, net revenues generated by cultivated treatments ranged from ($3333/ha to $3637/ha) and were greater than that of the control ($1795/ha). Cultivation frequency had little effect on weed control and peanut productivity. However, the 4- and 5-wk durations displayed potential for improving peanut yield, grade, and net revenue over the 3-wk duration, especially when annual grass weeds were predominant. Cultivating once weekly for 4 or 5 wk with a tine cultivator, along with at least one sweep cultivation and supplemental hand-weeding, is a viable, economical option for providing adequate weed control and maximizing productivity of organically-managed peanut at current market premiums.
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Rogers, D. J., L. M. Cole, T. M. Fraser, and J. T. S. Walker. "Managing bronze beetle (Eucolaspsis sp) in Hawkes Bay organic apple orchards using soil cultivation." New Zealand Plant Protection 62 (August 1, 2009): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4818.
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Bronze beetle (Eucolaspsis sp Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) threatens the economic viability of New Zealands organic pipfruit industry Small plot cultivation trials were conducted during spring to target immature beetles in the soil under apple trees These treatments did not appear to be as effective in the second year as in the previous year although two cultivations significantly reduced beetle emergence at all orchards compared with the control In largescale cultivation trials two cultivations reduced damage to apples by 4661 Sampling immature development stages of the beetles in the soil indicated that cultivation should commence during mid October to target pupae in the top 70 mm of the soil The application of cultivation treatments for controlling bronze beetle on commercial orchards is discussed
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Andri Krisna Dianto, Dwiyana Anela kurniasari, Heri Susanto, and Faisol Humaidi. "Analysis of Red Onion Hydroponic Cultivation Case Study at Fresh Hydroponic MSMEs." Agricultural Science 6, no. 2 (March 28, 2023): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i2.102.
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The purpose of the study is to find out the process of cultivating shallots using hydroponic techniques. The location of the study was conducted in Kedamean District, Gresik Regency, precisely Turirejo Village, which has fresh hydroponic Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The determination of the location of the study was carried out purposively, namely carried out on fresh hydroponic MSMEs with a business of cultivating shallot commodities hydroponically without using green houses or shade. The data used by researchers are primary and secondary data. The research method uses a descriptive method that uses survey methods, in-depth interviews and observations as data collection techniques. The results of the analysis of the hydroponic cultivation process of fresh hydroponic MSMEs are cultivating hydroponic shallots with the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) system. It consists of 2 stages including, seedbed installation and enlargement installation. The cultivation process is carried out in an open place, namely the yard of the house or not using a greenhouse. The hydroponic cultivation process in fresh hydroponic MSMEs starts from the preparation of cultivation, the process of cultivating shallot hydroponics and post-harvest handling. Preparation for hydroponic cultivation of shallots includes capital, land, labor and saprodi. The next stage is in the cultivation process, including 1) Seeding seedlings, 2) Transplanting, 3) maintenance: (fertilization embroidery, watering, opt control) 4) Harvesting. Post-harvest handling in the hydroponic cultivation of shallots, namely withering and drying.
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Błażewicz-Woźniak, M., and M. Konopiñski. "Impact of cover crops and tillage on porosity of podzolic soil." International Agrophysics 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10247-012-0092-9.
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Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the influence of cover crops biomass, mixed with the soil on different dates and with the use of different tools in field conditions. The cover crop biomass had a beneficial influence on the total porosity of the 0-20 cm layer of the soil after winter. The highest porosity was achievedwith cover crops of buckwheat, phacelia and mustard, the lowest with rye. During the vegetation period the highest porosity of soil was observed in the ridges. Among the remaining non-ploughing cultivations, pre-winter use of stubble cultivator proved to have a beneficial influence on the soil porosity, providing results comparable to those achieved in conventional tillage. The differential porosity of the soil was modified not only by the catch crops and the cultivation methods applied, but also by the sample collection dates, and it did change during the vegetation period. The highest content of macropores after winter was observed for the phacelia cover crop, and the lowest in the case of cultivation without any cover crops. Pre-winter tillage with the use of a stubble cultivator increased the amount of macropores in soil in spring, and caused the biggest participation of mesopores as compared with other non-ploughing cultivation treatments of the soil. The smallest amount of mesopores was found in the ridges.
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Wesołowski, Marian, and Karol Bujak. "The influence of simplified on reserve of weeds in erodible loess soil." Acta Agrobotanica 59, no. 2 (2012): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2006.089.
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In the paper the influence of diferent simplified tillage per number and seeds botanical composition of weeds in 0-25 cm of soil layer under plants crop rotation (potato-spring barley-winter rape-winter wheat) on erodible loess soil was presented. The simplifications in soil tillage relied on replaceing ploughing by cultivation, rotary cultivator tillage or Gramoxone formula. The replaceing ploughing by cultivations or rotary cultivator tillage especially bringing in chemical tillage instead of after-harvest cultivation increasing the number of weeds seed under all plants excluding spring barley. Resource of weeds seed under all plants of crop rotation were formated mainly by short duration species, especially <i>Chenopodium album</i> and <i>Viola arvensis</i> as well as <i>Stellaria media</i> (potato, barley, wheat) and <i>Veronica persica</i> (wheat). It was proven that the number of weeds seed in 0-25 cm of soil layer on erodible loess slope depended from plant species more than the way of soil tillage.
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Hussain, AKM Ghulam, Abu Shara Shamsur Rouf, Shafiun Nahin Shimul, Nigar Nargis, Tara Mona Kessaram, Syed Mahfuzul Huq, Jagdish Kaur, Md Khairul Alam Shiekh, and Jeffrey Drope. "The Economic Cost of Tobacco Farming in Bangladesh." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 9447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249447.
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The extent of tobacco cultivation remains substantially high in Bangladesh, which is the 12th largest tobacco producer in the world. Using data from a household survey of current, former, and never tobacco farmers, based on a multi-stage stratified sampling design with a mix of purposive and random sampling of households, this study estimated the financial and economic profitability per acre of land used for tobacco cultivation. The environmental effects of tobacco cultivation on land and water resources were estimated using laboratory tests of sample water and soil collected from tobacco-cultivating and non-tobacco cultivating areas. The study finds that tobacco cultivation turns into a losing concern when the opportunity costs of unpaid family labour and other owned resources, and the health effects of tobacco cultivation are included. Tobacco cultivation poses a significantly high environmental cost that causes a net loss to society. Nevertheless, the availability of unpaid family labour and the options of advanced credit as well as a buy back guarantee from the tobacco companies attract farmers to engage in and continue tobacco cultivation. Therefore, supply side interventions to curb the tobacco epidemic in Bangladesh need to address major drivers of tobacco cultivation to correct the wrong incentives and motivate tobacco farmers to switch to alternative livelihood options.
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Ахалая, Бадри, Badri Ahalaya, Юрий Шогенов, Yuriy Shogenov, Сергей Старовойтов, Sergey Starovoytov, Юлия Ценч, Yuliya Cench, Анзор Шогенов, and Anzor Shogenov. "THREE-SECTION SOIL PROCESSING UNIT WITH UNIVERSAL REPLACEABLE WORKING UNITS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5db9656e2ade23.01560949.
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A three-section tillage unit has been developed that allows several operations to be performed in one pass: slotting to a depth twice as deep as cultivation, cultivation, crushing the soil and harrowing. At the same time, the grip width of the chopper and harrow of the first and third sections is equal to the width of three cultivating points, and the second base section is five, the operation of the unit with the proposed arrangement of working units improves the quality of the soil treatment. The design of a universal cultivating point of a new sample is presented, containing a chisel located in the bow and slotting machines in the form of two disks with teeth. Using the proposed universal cultivator point of a new sample provides improved soil cultivation by achieving more stable cultivator progress, increasing the unhindered access of irrigation water to the underlying layers of the root zone of plants, improving the water-air regime of the soil environment, increasing the operational reliability of the slotting machine and reducing the consumption of fuels and lubricants to 15 % A promising direction in the development of combined units with removable working units is the creation of combined working units for both sowing seeds, applying mineral fertilizers and herbicides, with the aim of conducting direct sowing of row crops in both dotted and combined ways. The combination of tillage operations with the placement of several working units on one rack allows you to reduce the number of frames in the unit while reducing the metal consumption of the structure by 10 ... 15%, which leads to an increase in the economic efficiency of the tillage unit.
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Piskier, Tomasz. "Fuel Consumption, Work Time Expenditures and Winter Wheat Yield in Case of Non-Tillage and Strip Soil Cultivation." Agricultural Engineering 21, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2017-0026.
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AbstractA single-factor field experiment concerned calculation of fuel consumption, time expenditure of the working time of machines, and winter wheat yield size in three technologies of soil cultivation. Fuel consumption in the tillage and non-tillage technology was comparable and amounted approximately to 31 l·ha−1, but the highest consumption was generated by basic soil cultivation (tillage or heavy cultivation cultivator). Fuel consumption in the strip cultivation technology was the lowest and it was 23.0 l·ha−1. Non-tillage cultivation allowed reduction of the time necessary to carry out the wheat cultivation technology by 28.8% (in comparison to tillage cultivation). On the other hand, strip cultivation allowed reduction of the total time of machines operation by 48.5 % (in comparison to tillage cultivation). The yield of winter wheat cultivated in the non-tillage technology was at the average by 4% better than the one cultivated in tillage cultivation. The highest yield of seed (7.63 t·ha−1) was obtained in the strip cultivation technology (by 6.7% in comparison to tillage cultivation).
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Zinati, Gladis M., Rita Seidel, Alison Grantham, Jeff Moyer, Victoria J. Ackroyd, and Steven B. Mirsky. "High-Residue Cultivation Timing Impact on Organic No-Till Soybean Weed Management." Weed Technology 31, no. 2 (March 2017): 320–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2016.24.
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A cereal rye cover crop mulch can suppress summer annual weeds early in the soybean growing season. However, a multi-tactic weed management approach is required when annual weed seedbanks are large or perennial weeds are present. In such situations, the weed suppression from a cereal rye mulch can be supplemented with the use of high-residue cultivators which can prolong the weed-free period during soybean growth. Research trials were conducted to determine the optimum timing of high-residue cultivation for weed control in rolled-crimped cereal rye mulches. Treatments included three cultivation timings with a high-residue cultivator: early (3-4 wk after soybean planting (WAP)), intermediate (5-6 WAP), and late (7-8 WAP), a weed-free and no-cultivation control. Crop and weed measurement included cereal rye biomass, weed biomass, soybean population and biomass, and yield. Cereal rye biomass was 50% lower and weed biomass was three times greater in 2011 than in 2010 and 2012 due to 2011 being a dry year. There was no significant effect of cultivation timing on soybean population when compared to no-cultivation or hand-weeded treatments. While cultivation reduced weed biomass by 67% compared to no-cultivation, soybean yield was only improved by 12% in early and late cultivation treatments and 22% in intermediate cultivation treatment when compared to no-cultivation. Effective strategies for improving weed management by integrating the use of a high-residue cultivator in no-till organic systems could help existing organic field crop producers to reduce tillage while also encourage adoption of organic crop production by conventional growers who prefer reduced-tillage systems. Unlike traditional organic cultivation equipment, therefore, optimal timing of cultivation should be delayed several weeks in organic cover crop-based no-till planted soybean production as compared to the typical tillage-based approach to ensure both weed control and optimal yield.
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Baumgartner, Kendra, Kerri L. Steenwerth, and Lissa Veilleux. "Effects of Organic and Conventional Practices on Weed Control in a Perennial Cropping System." Weed Science 55, no. 4 (August 2007): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-06-171.
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Vineyard weed communities were examined under the influence of an organic weed control practice, soil cultivation with a Clemens cultivator, and applications of the herbicide glyphosate. Experimental treatments (winter–spring glyphosate, spring cultivation, fall–spring cultivation, fall cultivation–spring glyphosate) were carried out in a California wine grape vineyard for 3 yr. Cultivation alone was not as effective as glyphosate, based on lower weed biomass in the glyphosate-only treatment in 2 of 3 yr. However, given that two passes with the Clemens cultivator decreased weed biomass relative to one pass, it is possible that additional passes could bring about further reductions. Pairing fall cultivation with glyphosate was as effective at reducing weed biomass as two glyphosate applications in 2 of 3 years, suggesting that substituting a glyphosate application with cultivation may be an effective method of reducing herbicide use in vineyards. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed significant treatment effects on community structure. Weed composition in the spring cultivation treatment was significantly different from that of all other treatments. Based on our findings of high relative abundance of field bindweed and sowthistle species, which are problematic vineyard weeds that grow into the vine canopy and disrupt canopy management practices, it is possible that either the presence of soil disturbance or the absence of herbicides favored these species.
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Sipaúba-Tavares, L. H., B. Scardoeli-Truzzi, D. C. Fenerick, and M. G. Tedesque. "Comparison of photoautotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae Messastrum gracile (Chlorophyceae) in alternative culture media." Brazilian Journal of Biology 80, no. 4 (December 2020): 914–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.226548.
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Abstract Growth and biological conditions of Messastrum gracile were evaluated to compare the effect of photoautotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation on the increase of biomass production and chemical conditions cultured in macrophyte and commercial culture media. The growth rate (k) of M. gracile was different in the culture media, higher in mixotrophic cultivation for Lemna minor culture medium, whilst to Eichhornia crassipes and NPK culture media were higher in photoautotrophic cultivation. Mean lipid contents in photoautotrophic cultivation were 8.2% biomass dry weight, whereas they reached 19% biomass dry weight in mixotrophic cultivation. Protein contents were below 48% biomass dry weight in photoautotrophic cultivation and 30% biomass dry weight in mixotrophic cultivation. Messastrum gracile cultured in macrophyte culture media (E. crassipes and L. minor) and NPK culture medium provided satisfactory results with regard to lipid and protein contents in mixotrophic and photoautotrophic cultivations, respectively. Lipid and protein contents in alternative media were higher or similar to the CHU12 commercial culture medium.
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Vangessel, Mark J., Edward E. Schweizer, Robert G. Wilson, Lori J. Wiles, and Phil Westra. "Impact of Timing and Frequency of In-Row Cultivation for Weed Control in Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)." Weed Technology 12, no. 3 (September 1998): 548–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00044298.
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Effectiveness of rotary hoeing with cultivation and comparison of an in-row cultivator with a standard row-crop cultivator were determined in dry edible bean. The effectiveness of in-row cultivation conducted at various timings and frequencies was examined. The in-row cultivator was more effective in reducing weed populations than the standard cultivator, although at least two mechanical weeding operations were needed to reduce weed populations to levels of the herbicide check (EPTC [S-ethyl dipropyl carbamothioate] plus ethalfluralin). When the in-row cultivation was delayed until the second trifoliolate stage or later, weed populations were greater than those in the herbicide check. In situations with high weed populations, rotary hoeing prior to cultivation was required to reduce weed populations to levels similar to the herbicide check. An in-row cultivator has potential to improve mechanical weed control options in a crop such as dry edible bean. The types of adjustments made in combination with soil textures, soil moisture, and operator experience affect overall weed control. Thus, it is expected that the level of weed control will vary from year to year and even field to field for the same operator.
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Mohler, Charles L., James C. Frisch, and Jane Mt Pleasant. "Evaluation of Mechanical Weed Management Programs for Corn (Zea mays)." Weed Technology 11, no. 1 (March 1997): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00041452.
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Eight cultivation programs with several equipment combinations were compared with each other and with an atrazine plus pendimethalin herbicide program with and without supplemental cultivation from 1992 to 1994. In two of the three years, cultivation with a rotary hoe or tine weeder reduced weed seedling density by 39 to 74%. Tine weeding was more effective than rotary hoeing in 1992. Rotary hoeing or tine weeding reduced corn populations by an average of 6%. Weed control by different types of inter-row cultivators varied little, except that an in-row cultivator provided better control than a rolling cultivator in two years and better control than a shovel cultivator in one year. Weeds establishing from seeds were better controlled by herbicides in all three years, but weeds establishing from roots, rhizomes, and tubers were controlled as well or better by cultivation. Weed control was sometimes better using herbicides plus cultivation than with herbicides alone, but the combination damaged the crop in two of the three years. Cost of mechanical treatments which combined inter-row cultivation with rotary hoeing or tine weeding differed from that for the herbicide treatment by less than 2%. Yields of the best mechanical treatment and the herbicide treatment were nearly equal in all years, but the best mechanical regime varied between years. Consequently, mean net return was moderately higher for the herbicide treatment.
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Poston, Daniel H., Edward C. Murdock, and Joe E. Toler. "Cost-Efficient Weed Control in Soybean (Glycine max) with Cultivation and Banded Herbicide Applications." Weed Technology 6, no. 4 (December 1992): 990–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00036599.
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Field studies were conducted in 1988 and 1989 to examine the interrelations of cultivation and herbicide band width in controlling pitted morningglory and sicklepod in soybean. Alachlor + imazaquin PRE followed by imazaquin + surfactant POST were not applied or were applied on bands 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 cm wide or were broadcast. Plots were cultivated zero, one, two, or three times. Without cultivation, at least a 60-cm wide band was needed to achieve maximum soybean seed yields. A slight linear increase in soybean seed yield in response to increasing band width was observed with one cultivation. With two cultivations, soybean seed yields were similar with and without herbicides, but a 15-cm wide herbicide band was needed to achieve maximum production with three cultivations. Greatest gross returns exclusive of weed management costs were realized with two or three cultivations and a 15-cm wide band.
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Kang, Dong-Hyeon, Si-Young Lee, Young-Jung Kim, Jong-Goo Kim, Hong-Gi Choi, and Young-Bong Min. "Development of Circulating-type Cultivating System for Strawberry Cultivation." Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 47, no. 6 (December 30, 2013): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2013.47.6.311.
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Lipkovich, Igor, Vladimir Lukhanin, Irina Egorova, Nadezhda Petrenko, and Maxim Ukraintsev. "Research into the process of soil preparation for sowing spring and row crops using a mounted cultivator KMN-4-01." АгроЭкоИнфо 2, no. 62 (March 15, 2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/202142201.
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The main goal of farmers in our country is to reduce the costs associated with cultivating crops, as well as the use of advanced technologies in the field of crop production aimed at increasing soil fertility and productivity. One of the main areas that allows reducing costs is the use of universal agricultural machinery, which, with minimal changes to the working parts, can perform various technological operations on the same machine. The design of the multifunctional mounted cultivator KMN-4-01 considered in the work is intended for cultivating soil for sowing spring and row crops and for cultivating fallow fields. The cultivator is a mounted implement; depending on the type of soil cultivation being performed, working parts can be installed on the cultivator, which are formed by various combinations - a chisel, a body with a left and right blade, a blade. Field tests of the cultivator for compliance with technical conditions were carried out at the Federal State Budgetary Institution "North Caucasus MIS"; based on the test results, comments were identified, after elimination of which the cultivator can be used at agricultural enterprises. Keywords: SOIL, SOWING, MOUNTED CULTIVATOR, AGRICULTURAL CROP, AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY, CROP PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS
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Mantayborbir, Vyona, John Dominggus Kalor, and Ervina Indrayani. "DAMPAK PEMAHAMAN MASYARAKAT PEMBUDIDAYA TENTANG CARA BUDIDAYA IKAN YANG BAIK (CBIB) TERHADAP PRODUKSI BUDIDAYA IKAN AIR TAWAR DI DISTRIK MUARA TAMI KOTA JAYAPURA." ACROPORA: Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan Papua 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/acr.v5i2.2525.
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The Good Fish Cultivation Program (CBIB) is an activity that teaches how cultivating good fish to produce good products. in Muara Tami District, Jayapura City, there is still a very low level of knowledge about CBIB, which affects the level of freshwater fish production. The aim of the research is How to Impact the Cultivator Community's Understanding of Good Fish Cultivation Methods on the Production of Freshwater Fish Cultivation in the Muara Tami District, Jayapura City. This study used a qualitative research method, which took place at the People's Hatchery Unit and Fish Farmers Group in Muara Tami District, Jayapura City. This study uses qualitative research methods, with research locations in the community seed units (UPR) and Pokdakan (fish cultivator groups) in Muara Tami District The results showed that the implementation of the CBIB program in the Muara Tami District, Jayapura City, was not optimal. constraints such as, lack of coaching and supervision. From the results of this study it can be concluded that CBIB has not been able to implemented well because it is influenced by 2 aspects: organizational and interpretation aspects, and application aspect. Recommended to the Department of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of Jayapura City must make efforts to support the fulfillment of the needs of fish cultivators in the Muara Tami District, Jayapura City in terms of organizational and interpretation aspects, and implementation aspects so that the achievement of production and safety and quality can be improved.
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Ismail,, Z., and M. Abo-Habaga. "CULTIVATION PERFORMANCE AS INFLUENCED BY THE CULTIVATOR SHAPE SHARES." Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering 27, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 3469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2002.254770.
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Telichkina, N. A. "Cultivator for preplanting cultivation equipped with rope working organ." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 81, no. 8 (August 15, 2014): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-65503.
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Functionality, design parameters and operating procedure of cultivator equipped with a rope working organ for preplanting cultivation are considered. Diagram and formula for determination of optimal corner angle of rope working organ are given.
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Aldoshin, N. V., R. R. Khudaykuliev, B. R. Kuramboev, A. P. Urinov, and N. P. Bolotina. "Cultivator for Inter-row Cultivation of Cotton N.V. Aldoshin." Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area, no. 8 (August 30, 2022): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33267/2072-9642-2022-8-8-11.
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The issues of inter-row processing of agricultural crops are considered. The article proposes a layout scheme of a wide-cut cultivator-plant feeder for cotton cultivation, design and technological solutions, including the improvement of the working sections of the machine and systems of intrasoil application of mineral fertilizers, test results for processing cotton row spacing after irrigation in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
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Liu, Jialong, and Ligang Jiang. "The Value Demands, Realistic Dilemmas, and Optimization Paths of Cultivating Teacher Ethics among Normal College Students." Yixin Publisher 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2024): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.59825/jhss.2024.2.2.149.
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The cultivation of teacher ethics is the core essence of the cultivation of normal college students. It has important practical value in deeply implementing the fundamental task of moral education, meeting the construction of the new era teacher team, and cultivating teachers with noble moral character. Currently, the process of cultivating teacher ethics among normal university students is facing multiple challenges, including the impact of multicultural values, the binary opposition between heteronomy and self-discipline, the separation of knowledge and action in teacher ethics education, and the solidification of teacher ethics evaluation models. To overcome these difficulties, we need to guide the direction of cultivating teacher ethics for normal students by the socialist core values, to take the construction of teacher ethics as the main line and internalizing the quality of teacher ethics among normal students, to take the growth of teacher ethics as the cultivation path to enhance the level of teacher ethics among teacher trainees and to use diversified teacher ethics evaluation as a benchmark to promote the cultivation of teacher ethics among normal students.
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Hong, Lin, Jia Yi, and Zhai Xujun. "Theoretical Logic of the Cultivation of New Professional Farmers in Tobacco Planting Industry in the New Era." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 5 (September 30, 2021): 2613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.5.1.31.
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In the new era, new professional farmers are the new force to realize the modernization of rural agriculture, innovating the theoretical logic of cultivating new professional farmers is the inherent requirement to improve the quality and efficiency of cultivating new professional farmers. Due to the particularity of tobacco planting methods, On the basis of explaining the connotation of the cultivation of new professional farmers in tobacco planting industry and based on three theoretical foundations, this paper probes into the internal logic of the cultivation of new professional farmers, and constructs the theoretical framework of the cultivation of new professional farmers in tobacco planting industry. This will have important theoretical significance and practical value for speeding up the process of cultivating new professional farmers in tobacco planting industry, ensuring the quality of cultivating new professional farmers, and promoting the increase of farmers’ income and the development of modern agriculture.
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Zsolt, Sándor, Magdolna Tállai, Ida Kincses, Zoltán László, János Kátai, and Imre Vágó. "Effect of various soil cultivation methods on some microbial soil properties." DRC Sustainable Future: Journal of Environment, Agriculture, and Energy 1, no. 1 (January 24, 2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37281/drcsf/1.1.3.
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Cultivating the top 0-25 cm soil layer by ploughing cultivating method requires considerable energy, labor, and additional costs. Also, the larger soil surface caused by cultivation, the moisture content of soil can be lost easier. Therefore, in recent years soil loosening cultivation has become gained popularity, particularly to protect the moisture content of soil and reduce the risk of desertification. At the Experimental Station of Debrecen University, known as Látókép (a name, which corresponds approximately to visual image), two cultivation methods have been applied for research: (i) conventional ploughing and (ii) strip and streaked loosening cultivation methods (and variation of this method applying satellite determination of position, RTK system). In this paper, total number of bacteria, soil respiration, biomass carbon and nitrogen, net nitrification, and dehydrogenase activity were measured under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effects of the various cultivation methods. Soil samples were collected in spring (May) and autumn (September). Microbiological effects on the soil resulted from various cultivation methods were compared. Results demonstrate that the loosening cultivation method (strip tillage with loosening) exerts a more favorable effect on the parameters of soil biological activity than the conventional ploughing system. The most significant effect of loosening cultivation system was experienced in the increase of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) by over 80%, along with an intensified dehydrogenase activity. Loosening system yielded positive effects on the other examined biological parameters, except for the total bacteria number and soil respiration.
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Panda, B. K., and Sukanta Sarkar. "Shifting Cultivation in North-East India: Growth and Progress." Dera Natung Government College Research Journal 2, no. 1 (2017): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.56405/dngcrj.2017.02.01.07.
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The agricultural production systems in the hilly areas differ from the plough cultivation in the plain areas. The term shifting cultivation refers to a certain method of farming. In this particular method, land is widely used to cultivate crops for a few years, then allowed to lie fallow for several years after which it is reused again. Shifting cultivation is said to be one of the unsustainable land uses contributing significantly to environmental degradation. Across South and Southeast Asia, a large number of people depend fully or partly on shifting cultivation for their livelihood and food security. In the Himalayan region of the north east, the agricultural practice of shifting cultivation also known as jhum cultivation or rotational agro-forestry, prevalent since prehistoric times, is being carried out by traditional tribal societies even today. The objective of this paper is to study the growth and progress of shifting cultivations in North-Eastern India.
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Hamaoka, Norimitsu, Takahito Moriyama, Takatoshi Taniguchi, Chetphilin Suriyasak, and Yushi Ishibashi. "Identification of Phenotypic Traits Associated with Tuber Yield Performance in Non-Staking Cultivation of Water Yam (Dioscorea alata L.)." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (September 27, 2022): 2323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102323.
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For sustainable food production, labor-saving cultivation systems are required. Yam, a major food crop, is cultivated mostly with supports such as stakes (staking), which increases tuber yield (TY) but involves high material and labor costs. We, therefore, focused on non-staking water yam cultivation, in which no stakes are used. The effects of different cultivation methods (staking vs. non-staking) on TY, yield components, shoot traits, and tuber shape of six cultivars were investigated in a two-year field experiment, and phenotypic traits related to yielding ability in non-staking cultivation were analyzed. Averaged across years and cultivars, TY was significantly lower (by 19%) in non-staking than in staking cultivation because of smaller single-tuber weight. TY was significantly affected by the cultivation × cultivar interaction. We found no difference among cultivars in staking cultivation. In non-staking cultivation, Yamatomakousha and Shirokoushaman 1 cultivars had higher TY than the other cultivars, which was similar to their TY in staking cultivation. Shoot dry weight and vine number were closely associated with TY in both cultivations, whereas lower tuber length-to-width ratio was strongly related to higher TY only in non-staking. Tubers of Yamatomakousha and Shirokoushaman 1 were more rounded than those of other cultivars. In non-staking cultivation, these two cultivars showed a higher vine number and, thus, maintained higher TY owing to higher above-ground growth. Therefore, rounded tubers and high vine number are target traits for non-staking cultivation of water yam.
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Stanley, Katherine A., Steven J. Shirtliffe, Dilshan Benaragama, Lena D. Syrovy, and Hema S. N. Duddu. "Field Pea and Lentil Tolerance to Interrow Cultivation." Weed Technology 32, no. 2 (November 2, 2017): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2017.90.
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AbstractInterrow cultivation is a selective, in-crop mechanical weed control tool that has the potential to control weeds later in the growing season with less crop damage compared with other in-crop mechanical weed control tools. To our knowledge, no previous research has been conducted on the tolerance of narrow-row crops to interrow cultivation. The objective of this experiment was to determine the tolerance of field pea and lentil to interrow cultivation. Replicated field experiments were conducted in Saskatchewan, Canada, in 2014 and 2015. Weekly cultivation treatments began at the 4-node stage of each crop, continuing for 6 wk. Field pea and lentil yield linearly declined with later crop stages of cultivation. Cultivating multiple times throughout the growing season reduced yield by 15% to 30% in both crops. Minimal yield loss occurred when interrow cultivation was conducted once at early growth stages of field pea and lentil; however, yield loss increased with delayed and more frequent cultivation events.
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Agustina, Sri Sukari, Erwin Wuniarto, Nuratni Botutihe, Dicki Alif Saputra, Zulfikar Hamsun, Ramadhani Usman, Fitriani Balau, and Rian Fajriansyah. "Pemberdayaan Kelompok Pembudidaya Ikan Desa Pakowa Bunta dengan Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) dalam Pakan pada Budidaya Ikan Nila Sistem Bioflok." PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 9, no. 3 (March 30, 2024): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/pengabdianmu.v9i3.6417.
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Pakowa Bunta Village is one of the villages in Nuhon District, Banggai Regency, physically it is a lowland area located on the coastline. The large area of tilapia ponds in Pakowa Bunta Village and the suboptimal management of tilapia cultivation have caused many tilapia fish to die. The repeated failure of cultivation in the traditional system of tilapia cultivation in Pakowa Bunta Village requires the transfer of innovative fish cultivation technology from the traditional system to the biofloc system. This community service activity aims to improve the skills and knowledge of fish cultivator groups regarding biofloc system fish cultivation and increase the economic income of fish cultivators in Pakowa Bunta Village. The approach used to resolve partner problems in this activity is the Community Development method, which is oriented towards developing community empowerment by making the community the subject and object of development and direct involvement in various service activities. The final result achieved from this community service activity is an increase in the skills of the fish cultivator group in innovating tilapia cultivation technology using a biofloc system that is modified by using betel leaf extract in the feed given to tilapia, resulting in an increase in tilapia production and an increase in the community's economic income of fish farmers.
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Singh, Rishan. "Cultivation of Pineapple Plants (Ananascomosus (L.) Merr) in Switzerland." Bulletin of Pure & Applied Sciences- Botany 42, no. 2 (January 1, 2024): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/bpas.2023.42b.2.6.
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The climatic conditions Switzerland are unfavourable for cultivating pineapple plants. This is realised by pineapple plants requiring tropical temperatures to thrive and produce healthy fruits. In the agricultural sphere, pineapple plants can be propagated if the conditions for cultivation are favourable. However, in Switzerland, the cold climate has made the cultivation of Ananascomosus (L.) Merr. very difficult. It is only through human ingenuity that the cultivation of this plant has seen success in climates that would otherwise hinder the production of healthy pineapple fruits, like in Switzerland. This article will address many aspects regarding, and negating, to Ananascomosus (L.) Merr cultivation in Switzerland.
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Kainama, Evan C. B., Silva D. Febrianty, Gemala D. Dirgantari, Graziani S. S. Rumbino, Carolus M. Raya, Mega E. K. Linggi, Florence A. Manuhutu, et al. "Upaya Budidaya Jamur Tiram Putih Bagi Penggerak Ekowisata Kampung Rhepang Muaif, Distrik Nimbokrang Kabupaten Jayapura." Bakti Hayati: Jurnal Pengabdian Indonesia 2, no. 1 (July 15, 2023): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/bhjpi.v2i1.3051.
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Cultivation of white oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) can be solution of strengthening food security during pandemic Covid–19. However, the procedure for cultivating white oyster mushrooms (P. ostreatus) is unknown due because the limited knowledge, so the purpose of this activity is to provide learning to the community about white oyster mushroom cultivation for the Isyo Hills Birdwatching ecotourism group at Rhepang Muaif Village, Nimbokrang District, Jayapura Regency. The results of the activity showed an increase in public interest in cultivating white oyster mushrooms. As many as 73% of the people of Kampung Repang know that mushrooms can be processed into nutritious food ingredients, even 60% of the people of Kampung Rhepang have processed or cooked mushrooms with a variety of dishes. However, there are 73% of people who have never seen the process of cultivating white oyster mushrooms, therefore there are 93% of people interested in cultivating white oyster mushrooms. Keyword: cultivation; oyster mushroom; Rhepang Muaif; Jayapura.
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Johnson, W. Carroll, Bhabesh Dutta, F. Hunt Sanders, and Xuelin Luo. "Interactions among Cultivation, Weeds, and a Biofungicide in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion." Weed Technology 31, no. 6 (September 11, 2017): 890–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2017.51.
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Weed management in the organic Vidalia® sweet onion production system is largely dependent on multiple cultivations with a tine weeder. Earlier research suggested cultivation with a tine weeder did not predispose onion bulbs to infection during storage. Trials were conducted from 2012 through 2014 near Lyons, GA, to determine the interactive effects of cultivation, weed removal, and a biofungicide on weed densities, onion yield, grade, and diseases of stored onion. Cultivation twice or four times at biweekly intervals with a tine weeder reduced densities of cutleaf evening-primrose, lesser swinecress, and henbit compared with the noncultivated control, although weeds surviving cultivation were very large and mature at harvest. Cultivation generally improved onion yields over the noncultivated control, except in 2014, when baseline weed densities were high and weeds surviving cultivation were numerous. Weeds removed by hand weeding improved onion yields, but that effect was independent of cultivation. Four applications of a biofungicide derived from giant knotweed had no effect on onion yield. Cultivation had no effect on incidence of the fungal disease botrytis neck rot, with inconsistent effects on the bacterial diseases center rot and sour skin. Weed removal with hand weeding did not affect diseases of stored onion. The biofungicide had no effect on diseases of stored onion. These results demonstrate the limitations of cultivation when cool-season weed infestations are dense. With no interactions among main effects, weed control and onion yield response to cultivation and hand weeding are independent. Cultivation for weed control is much less costly than hand weeding. With no interaction between the cultivation and weed removal main effects, it is not necessary to supplement tine weeder cultivation with costly hand weeding.
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Norchayev, D. R., B. Sh Gaybullyev, A. N. Khayitov, B. S. Khusainov, and A. A. Khudaykuliev. "Using modern technologies to improve the vegetable cultivator." BIO Web of Conferences 105 (2024): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410501023.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores the selection of high-yielding potato varieties suitable for various soil and climatic conditions, the use of modern scientific technologies in their cultivation, the current state and significance of potato cultivation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the importance of employing specific techniques such as a motoblock for potato cultivation in homesteads or small farms. The paper also presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies conducted on the study of the grinding angle of the cultivator softener paw. The research findings suggest that the optimal grinding angle for the vegetable cultivator softener claw should be within the range of 25º-30º, ensuring the necessary soil quality and minimal resistance of the working body. This study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate potato varieties and utilizing modern scientific technologies for successful potato cultivation in Uzbekistan.
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Yang, Yan, and Lina Han. "Exploration on the Cultivation of Iron Man Spirit of Petroleum College Students in the New Era—Take H School as an Example." Journal of Education, Teaching and Social Studies 5, no. 1 (February 6, 2023): p28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jetss.v5n1p28.
Full textAbstract:
As the main position for cultivating the iron man spirit of petroleum college students, petroleum colleges and universities, While effectively helping college students in petroleum universities to create their beautiful life and brilliant life, educating them with the spirit of Iron Man is conducive to cultivating their will to work hard in the process of inheriting the spirit of Iron Man, and possessing the character of selfless dedication in their own growth and development. Taking the students in H school as the research object, the current situation of cultivating the iron man spirit of college students was investigated and analyzed mainly by questionnaire. The main problems are that the scientific and effective teaching methods for cultivating teachers need to be improved, the resources for cultivating iron man spirit practice in petroleum universities are not fully utilized, and students lack the effective combination of iron man spirit and their own reality. In view of the existing problems, we can further improve the quality of cultivating iron man spirit in petroleum universities in the new era by improving the level of cultivating teachers, improving the cultivation approach, optimizing the cultivation environment and paying attention to the cultivation subject.
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Wang, Songlin, and Li Zhou. "Evaluation of Information Skills and Innovative Literacy Cultivation of Digital Talent in Universities." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 18, no. 20 (October 17, 2023): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v18i20.44211.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of globalization and informatization, cultivating the information ability and innovative literacy of university digital talents is of great significance for cultivating talents in supply chain majors. However, some shortcomings remain in the information ability evaluation and innovative literacy cultivation of university talents in the current education system. In this context, this study conducted in-depth research on the information ability evaluation of digital talents in universities and its impact on the cultivation of innovative literacy. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was first adopted to make a quantitative evaluation of the information ability of university digital talents, which aimed to compensate for the shortcomings of existing qualitative evaluation methods. Then, regression models, as well as mediating and moderating effect models, were constructed to deeply analyze the impact of information ability on innovative literacy cultivation, aiming to reveal the complexity of the impact mechanism. This study aimed to provide new perspectives and methods for theory and practice, thereby improving the information ability evaluation system and the innovative literacy cultivation mechanism of digital talents in universities. This study is not only theoretically significant, but it also provides a practical reference for universities in cultivating talents in supply chain major.
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Tang, Shaohu. "Study on the Contribution of Pragmatics to the Development of Communicative Competence from the Perspective of Applied Linguistics." International Journal of Education and Humanities 12, no. 1 (January 15, 2024): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/cbzw1s43.
Full textAbstract:
This article explores the contribution of pragmatics in the cultivation of communicative competence from the perspective of applied linguistics. Firstly, the development and definitions of applied linguistics and pragmatics were reviewed, and the theoretical system and core concepts of pragmatics were elaborated. Furthermore, the role of pragmatics in cultivating communicative competence was analyzed, including the cultivation of pragmatic awareness, learning of pragmatic knowledge, application of pragmatic strategies, enhancement of pragmatic competence, enhancement of language appropriateness, and cultivation of cross-cultural communicative competence. On this basis, the application of pragmatics in teaching practice was explored, such as the principles and methods of pragmatic teaching, the development and selection of pragmatic textbooks, and the design and implementation of pragmatic assessment. Finally, the challenges and coping strategies faced in cultivating communicative competence were analyzed. This article aims to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for the cultivation of communicative competence in the field of foreign language education in China.