Academic literature on the topic 'CTAT'

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Journal articles on the topic "CTAT"

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Sumbal Saeed, Sumbal Saeed, Arif Hussain Arif Hussain, M. Faizan Nazar M Faizan Nazar, Hameed Ullah Hameed Ullah, Afzal Shah Afzal Shah, and Syed Sakhawat Shah and Asad Muhammad Khan Syed Sakhawat Shah and Asad Muhammad Khan. "Effects of Selected Metal Chlorides on the Micellization Parameters of Cetrimonium Bromide at Different Temperatures." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 44, no. 5 (2022): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/001125/jcsp/44.05.2022.

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The pre-modification of surfactant counterions using transition metal salts provides a means to activate the interface using corresponding properties of metal ions. In this work, a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was modified by pre-mixing metal chlorides (FeCl3, CuCl2 and ZnCl2) and CTAB in 1:1 molar ratio using methanol as solvent. As a result, FeCl3, CuCl2 and ZnCl2 were added as [FeCl3Br]-1, [CuCl2Br]-1 and [ZnCl2Br]-1 respectively acting as counter anions (CAs) instead of bromide anion. Hence CTAB was called CTAF, CTAC and CTAZ in order of added CAs i.e., [FeCl3Br]-1, [CuCl2Br]-1 and [ZnCl2Br]-1 respectively. The effect of these metal chlorides on the micellar behaviour of CTAB was investigated using conductivities of their different solutions. Furthermore, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) as well as the degree of counterion binding were considered at 25.0, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 and 45.0 and#176;C 0.1 and#176;C. The analysis of results revealed that incorporation of metal cations reduces the CMC values in the order CTAF CTAZ CTAC CTAB. Change in entropy (S), enthalpy (H) and free energy (G) were calculated to understand the thermodynamics of micellization under the circumstances. The aim of this study is to improve the understanding regarding the presence of transition metals in micellization process as well as the possibility of their interactions with Bromide counterions and possibility of the formation of complex counter-anions.
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Gill, Asif Qumer. "Distributed Agile Development." International Journal of e-Collaboration 11, no. 1 (January 2015): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015010104.

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Organizations have shown a significant interest in the adoption of emerging social technologies to support communication and collaboration needs of their Distributed Agile or Adaptive Development Environment (DADE). However, the challenge is how best to assess contemporary social technologies for supporting communication and collaboration in the DADE. Here, a communication technology assessment tool, called CTAT, is developed as a part of the Adaptive Enterprise Service System (AESS) toolkit by using the design research approach. This paper presents the evaluation of the CTAT construct through its use in the assessment of three social technologies within the context of a DADE. The results of this evaluation indicate that CTAT is shown to be useful, for example, when assessing a particular social technology for a specific DADE communication and collaboration context. The CTAT is intended to be used by senior developers for assessing social technologies for their DADE context.
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Hermawan, Faried. "Using Intelligent Tutoring Systems Through Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools to Solve Filling Slot Problems." Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika (Kudus) 5, no. 1 (June 26, 2022): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/jpmk.v5i1.14484.

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<p><span lang="IN">Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) is a computer system that provides instructions and is adapted to students who apply learning by doing theory. Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT) is one of ITS that supports the creation of flexible tutors for simple problems and complex solutions, able to support several strategies so that they can describe what students do when solving problems. In working on the problem of filling the place, students will solve the problem according to the students' logic of thinking. This is because the logic of thinking of each student is different depending on the information he receives. For this reason, in this study, the use of CTAT will be tried in working on filling slot questions using media, namely Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) which uses Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT) tools. In this study, students have obtained the filling slot material first. Only then is the media used which will later be used to work on filling slot questions with different problems. From this research, it was found that the results of the study were increasing students' understanding in working on filling slot questions using Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT) media.</span><span lang="EN-US">So that the Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT) media can be used as an alternative learning media to develop students' understanding of filling slot material.</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p><p class="06ContentAbstract">Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) adalah sistem komputer yang memberikan instruksi dan disesuaikan dengan siswa yang menerapkan learning by doing theory. Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT) merupakan salah satu ITS yang mendukung terciptanya tutor yang fleksibel untuk masalah sederhana dan solusi kompleks, mampu mendukung beberapa strategi sehingga dapat menggambarkan apa yang dilakukan siswa saat menyelesaikan masalah. Dalam mengerjakan soal aturan pengisian tempat, siswa akan menyelesaikan soal tersebut sesuai dengan logika berpikir siswa. Hal ini dikarenakan logika berpikir setiap siswa berbeda-beda tergantung dari informasi yang diterimanya. Untuk itu pada penelitian ini akan dicoba penggunaan CTAT dalam mengerjakan soal aturan pengisian tempat menggunakan media yaitu Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) yang menggunakan tools Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT). Pada penelitian ini siswa telah memperoleh materi aturan pengisian tempat terlebih dahulu. Baru kemudian digunakan media yang nantinya akan digunakan untuk mengerjakan soal aturan pengisian tempat dengan soal yang berbeda. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa hasil penelitian adalah peningkatan pemahaman siswa dalam mengerjakan soal aturan pengisian tempat menggunakan media Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT). Sehingga media Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT) dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran alternatif untuk mengembangkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi aturan pengisian tempat.</p><p><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>
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Patel, Vijay, Debes Ray, Kulbir Singh, Ludmila Abezgauz, Gerrard Marangoni, Vinod K. Aswal, and P. Bahadur. "1-Hexanol triggered structural characterization of the worm-like micelle to vesicle transitions in cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate solutions." RSC Advances 5, no. 107 (2015): 87758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra14525b.

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Nagulapalli, R. "A CMOS Self-Bias CTAT Current Generator with Improved Supply Sensitivity." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 13 (February 8, 2019): 1950226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619502268.

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The role of complimentary to absolute temperature (CTAT) circuit in current mode bandgap has been described. Loop-gain problems with the existing self-bias MOS-based CTAT generator were discussed. A simple modification to the existing circuit was proposed to enhance the loop-gain by [Formula: see text]20[Formula: see text]dB without adding additional circuitry leading to zero additional power consumption. Power Supply Rejection and sensitivity to [Formula: see text] will be improved due to the higher loop-gain. A prototype has been developed to demonstrate the proposal robustness across PVT corners. Simulation results show 20.5[Formula: see text]dB PSRR improvement and 7.5% improvement in sensitivity to [Formula: see text]. The proposed solution consumes 180[Formula: see text]nW power from 1[Formula: see text]V power supply voltage and occupies 3300[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m2 silicon area.
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Kim, Jae-Bung, and Seong-Ik Cho. "Modified Low-Votlage CMOS Bandgap Voltage Reference with CTAT Compensation." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 61, no. 5 (May 1, 2012): 753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2012.61.5.753.

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Pal, Antara, Rose Mary, and V. A. Raghunathan. "Phase behavior of the cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate (CTAT)–water system." Journal of Molecular Liquids 174 (October 2012): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2012.07.004.

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Bai, Yun, Jie Zhang, Sanbao Dong, Shidong Zhu, Manxue Wang, Ya Wu, Chunsheng Pu, and Gang Chen. "The Effect of Halide Counter Ions and Methanol on the Foaming Behavior of Cationic Surfactants and a Mechanism Study." Tenside Surfactants Detergents 58, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2020-2256.

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Abstract In this work, four quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants including cetyltrimethyl ammonium fluoride (CTAF), cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC), cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetyltrimethyl ammonium iodide (CTAI) were investigated to study the effect of halide anions on the surface activity and foaming performance. The result showed that CTAF had superior surface activity, which could reduce the surface tension of water to 33.15 mN/m at a low CMC (critical micelle formation concentration) of 1.65 mmol/L. Based on the calculation of Amin (the minimum occupied area per surfactant molecule), we assumed that this higher surface activity was related to the small ionic radius of the fluorine ion (F–). The foamability and foam stability of CTAF has great advantages over other surfactants studied. On this basis, the factors affecting the formation and stabilization of the CTAF foam were investigated. The results showed that foam formation benefited from high temperatures and low methanol concentration, while high salinity was beneficial for foam stability. When CTAF at a concentration of 0.2% was used as a foaming agent, foaming was excellent at a methanol concentration of 10%, a salinity of 22 ⨯ 104 mg/L, and a temperature of 90°C. With this study, uncertainties that existed in the literature regarding the effect of anion on surface activity and foam performance were explained and the effect of temperature, methanol and salinity on foam generation and stabilization was understood.
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Pascu, Razvan, Gheorghe Pristavu, Gheorghe Brezeanu, Florin Draghici, Philippe Godignon, Cosmin Romanitan, Matei Serbanescu, and Adrian Tulbure. "60–700 K CTAT and PTAT Temperature Sensors with 4H-SiC Schottky Diodes." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 31, 2021): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030942.

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A SiC Schottky dual-diode temperature-sensing element, suitable for both complementary variation of VF with absolute temperature (CTAT) and differential proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) sensors, is demonstrated over 60–700 K, currently the widest range reported. The structure’s layout places the two identical diodes in close, symmetrical proximity. A stable and high-barrier Schottky contact based on Ni, annealed at 750 °C, is used. XRD analysis evinced the even distribution of Ni2Si over the entire Schottky contact area. Forward measurements in the 60–700 K range indicate nearly identical characteristics for the dual-diodes, with only minor inhomogeneity. Our parallel diode (p-diode) model is used to parameterize experimental curves and evaluate sensing performances over this far-reaching domain. High sensitivity, upwards of 2.32 mV/K, is obtained, with satisfactory linearity (R2 reaching 99.80%) for the CTAT sensor, even down to 60 K. The PTAT differential version boasts increased linearity, up to 99.95%. The lower sensitivity is, in this case, compensated by using a high-performing, low-cost readout circuit, leading to a peak 14.91 mV/K, without influencing linearity.
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Bandyopadhyay, Ranjini, Geetha Basappa, and A. K. Sood. "Observation of Chaotic Dynamics in Dilute Sheared Aqueous Solutions of CTAT." Physical Review Letters 84, no. 9 (February 28, 2000): 2022–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.84.2022.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CTAT"

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Velcer, Tomáš. "Hyaluronanové hydrogely na bázi CTAT." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240558.

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This thesis studies the properties and behaviour of phase-separated hydrogels prepared by interaction of hyaluronan with oppositely charged surfactants. Three representatives of surfactants, namely cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, chloride and p-toluensulfonate (CTAB, CTAC, CTAT), were selected for comparison. Using the method of rheology, the fact that the system of Hya-CTAT forms the most rigid hydrogels has been proved. Higher molecular weight of hyaluronan has also direct influence on the volume and stiffness of the newly formed hydrogels. Preparation methods were compared as well. Mixing the stock solutions of entry components appeard to be the most suitable. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used for determination of shape and size of surfactant's micelles, concluding that it has no effect on the volume of formed gels. The results of this study indicate that given gels are to a certain extent competitive and incorporation of hyaluronan into their structure is desirable with respect to its biological activity. This offers a potential usage of these substances in the field of medical applications.
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Macias-Balleza, Emma Rebeca. "Comportamiento reologico del sistema CTAT/AGUA/SAL." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE10018.

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Les solutions de surfactants s'agrégent pour former des microstructures qui dépendent de la concentration et de la température. On étudie un surfactant cationique, le Tosyl-Céthyltrimethylammonium (CTAT) en solution dans l'eau pour des concentrations inférieures à 11%. Dans une première partie, on étudie des concentrations faibles (0
Surfactant solutions are known to aggregate and to form microstructures depending upon concentration and temperature. Herein we study water/Cethyltrimethylammonium- Tosilate (CTAT) systems for concentrations under 11%w. CT AT is a cationic surfactant. In a first part we study low concentration systems (O
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Yeary, Amber J. "Cetyltrimethylammonium Halide-Coated Electrodes for the Detection of Dopamine in the Presence of Interferents." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1323471405.

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Hedin, Niklas. "NMR studies of complex fluids and solids formed by surfactants." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Chemistry, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3033.

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NMR methods have been designed and employed in studying ofcomplex liquids and solids formed by surfactants. PGSE NMRexperiments are easily biased by convection; this artifact canbe avoided by changing the sample holder and by usingconvection-compensated pulse sequences. The temperaturedistribution within samples was controlled using thetemperature dependent order parameter for CBr2H2dissolved in a thermotropic nematic solvent.Electronic ringing that often spoils accurate NMR experimentsfor broad lines was removed by the using composite pulses andquadrupole echo sequences with appropriate phase cycles.

Field-dependent81Br and35Cl NMR relaxation studies in micellar solutions ofC16TAX surfactants showed that the structure ordynamics of the hydration shell is more influenced by thesurfactant cation for bromide than for chloride, in agreementwith their position in the Hoffmeister series. The presence ofa small but significant frequency-dependent relaxation showedthat the lateral self diffusion of the anions may be reduced ascompared to its bulk value in diluted solutions but only with afactor of 1.0 - 2.5. The ions are clearly not "bound" to thesurface. A field-dependent2H NMR relaxation study on the CTABr-α-d2and benzene-d6showed an initial one-dimensional micellargrowth followed by the appearance of microemulsion droplets onaddition of benzene. The local mobility of the benzene wasreduced when solubilized in small amounts, consistent with aninitial average location of benzene at the micellar interface.The surfactant diffusion coefficients fromconvection-compensated PGSE NMR experiments in the C12E8-D2O system showed monotonous growth of the micellesupon increasing temperature. Emulsion droplets in the C12E5-decane-D2O system where shown to coarsen according to theOstwald ripening theory after being brought out of equilibriumby a temperature drop. X-ray scattering and2H NMR line-shape and relaxation experimentssuggested that complex solids formed by a partly-sulfatedpolysaccharide and CnTAB exhibit regular ordering at both microscopicand mesoscopic length scales.

Keywords: CTAB, CTAC, C12E8, C12E5, decane, benzene, CBr2H2, polysaccharide, micelle, microemulsion, emulsion,Ostwald ripening, NMR,81Br,35Cl,2H, field- dependent spin relaxation, PGSE, selfdiffusion, convection, ringing, thermometer, generalized Blochequations, EXORCYCLE, quadrupole echo, SAXS, WAXS, cryo-TEM.

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Lee, SeungYong Albert 1975. "Object modeling applied to CTAS." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80098.

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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 49).
by Seung Yong Albert Lee.
S.B.and M.Eng.
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Coutinho, Carolina da Silva. "Equity research - CTT." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10543.

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Mestrado em Finanças
CTT - Correios de Portugal é a empresa líder de mercado em Portugal na área de correio e encomendas. Sendo que a empresa também já conta com alguma experiência no mercado de serviços financeiros, sendo esta uma área com notável crescimento de vendas. Atualmente, a empresa prepara o lançamento do Banco Postal de modo a maximizar a extensa rede de lojas. Com o lançamento deste banco, a empresa pretende expandir a oferta de produtos e encorajar o cross-selling. Os CTT pretendem também usar a imagem que os consumidores têm da marca para lançar o banco, tendo como público-alvo a classe média e os consumidores mais conservadores. O objetivo deste projeto é analisar e avaliar a empresa de modo a compreender se as ações estão sub ou sobrevalorizada e, assim, poder dar uma recomendação de compra/venda ao investidor. Esta avaliação foi não só focada na empresa, mas também no seu ambiente envolvente (enquadramento macroeconómico e concorrentes). Além disso, foi realizada uma análise de sensibilidade de modo a ser possível observar como o preço da ação iria reagir a uma variação quer na taxa de crescimento perpétuo, quer no custo de capitais próprios. Com esta avaliação e tendo em consideração alguns pressupostos, foi possível chegar a um preço de €12,04 a 31/12/2014. Nesta mesma data, o preço de mercado era de €8,02, sendo assim possível concluir que as ações estavam desvalorizadas, dado que o investidor conseguiria ter ganhos. Deste modo, a recomendação final seria de comprar a ação.
CTT - Correios de Portugal is the leading company in Portugal for the mail and express business units. Having also already experience with financial services, being a growing division for the company. Currently, the company is trying to leverage the wide retail network with the launching of a Postal Bank aiming at expand the product offer and encourage the cross-selling. CTT also want to take advantage of the brand perception consumers have, targeting average-income and more conservative consumers. The goal of this project is to understand if the stocks are under or overvalued and according to this, give a final recommendation to the investor. This valuation was focused not only on the company but also on its environment (macroeconomic framework and peers). Moreover, it was performed a sensitivity analysis, in order to observe how would the stock's price respond with a variation on the perpetual growth rate and cost of equity. With this assessment and having in consideration the assumptions taken, it was possible to reach to a target price on 31/12/2014 of €12.14. Being the market value on this date of €8.02, it is possible to conclude that the stocks were undervalued, given that the investor was able to have a potential gain. Hence, the recommendation given to investors was to buy CTT's shares.
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Jahanmir, Farid. "Failure detection and repair of threads in CTAS." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33134.

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Thesis (M. Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 73).
Reliable, error-free software is hard to come by, and this is especially true for newer, larger, or more complex programs. CTAS, an air traffic control tool, falls into this category, making it a good candidate for research on error compensation. Specifically, this thesis addresses the issue of thread crashes in one portion of CTAS. We reimplement the thread structure in question around a simpler problem, and develop a failure detector and an accompanying repair mechanism to monitor it. These add-on components provide the application with thread consistency by swiftly and transparently recovering from crashes, thereby yielding a more stable, self-sufficient, and generally more reliable operating environment.
by Farid Jahanmir.
M.Eng.and S.B.
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Santos, Zilvam Melo dos. "Estudos das intera??es de quitosana/CTAB/C12E8." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17775.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZilvamMS_TESE_reduzido.pdf: 9108618 bytes, checksum: 613dad3fd1a359dce84e2af73b067934 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-22
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
Surfactant-polymer interactions are widely used when required rheological properties for specific applications, such as the production of fluids for oil exploration. Studies of the interactions of chitosan with cationic surfactants has attracted attention by being able to cause changes in rheological parameters of the systems making room for new applications. The commercial chitosan represents an interesting alternative to these systems, since it is obtained from partial deacetylation of chitin: the residues sites acetylated can then be used for the polymer-surfactant interactions. Alkyl ethoxylated surfactants can be used in this system, since these non-ionic surfactants can interact with hydrophobic sites of chitosan, modifying the rheology of solutions or emulsions resultants, which depends on the relaxation phenomenon occurring in these systems. In this work, first, inverse emulsions were prepared from chitosan solution as the dispersed phase and cyclohexane as the continuous phase were, using CTAB as a surfactant. The rheological analysis of these emulsions showed pronounced pseudoplastic behavior. This behavior was attributed to interaction of "loops" of chitosan chains. Creep tests were also performed and gave further support to these discussions. Subsequently, in order to obtain more information about the interaction of chitosan with non-ionic surfactants, solutions of chitosan were mixed with C12E8 and and carried out rheological analysis and dynamic light scattering. The systems showed marked pseudoplastic behavior, which became less evident when the concentration of surfactant was increased. Arrhenius and KWW equations were used to obtain parameters of the apparent activation energy and relaxation rate distribution, respectively, to which were connected to the content of surfactant and temperature used in this work
As intera??es tensoativo-pol?mero s?o amplamente usadas quando s?o necess?rias propriedades reol?gicas para aplica??es espec?ficas, como a produ??o de fluidos para explora??o do petr?leo. Estudos das intera??es de quitosana com tensoativos cati?nicos tem chamado aten??o por serem capazes de causar mudan?as nos par?metros reol?gicos dos sistemas abrindo espa?o para novas aplica??es. A quitosana comercial representa uma alternativa interessante para estes sistemas, uma vez que ela ? obtida a partir da desacetila??o parcial da quitina: os s?tos acetilados residuais podem, ent?o, ser usados para as intera??es pol?mero-tensoativo. Tensoativos alquil etoxilados podem ser utilizados neste sistema, pois estes tensoativos n?o i?nicos podem interagir com s?tios hidrof?bicos da quitosana, modificando a reologia de solu??es ou emuls?es resultantes, os quais dependem do fen?meno de relaxa??o ocorrendo nestes sistemas. Neste trabalho, primeiramente, foram preparadas emuls?es inversas de solu??o de quitosana como fase dispersa e cicloexano como fase cont?nua usando CTAB como tensoativo. A an?lise reol?gica destas emuls?es mostrou pronunciado comportamento pseudopl?stico. Esta pseudoplasticidade foi atribu?da ? intera??o por la?os loops de cadeias de quitosana. Ensaios de flu?ncia tamb?m foram executados e deram maior suporte a estas discuss?es. Em seguida, a fim de se obter maiores informa??es sobre as intera??es da quitosana com tensoativos n?o i?nicos, solu??es de quitosana foram misturadas com C12E8 e levadas ?s an?lises reol?gica e de espalhamento din?mico de luz. Os sistemas tiveram elevado comportamento pseudopl?stico, o qual se tornava menos evidente, quando o teor de tensoativo foi aumentado. Equa??es de Arrhenius e de KWW foram usadas para obter par?metros de energia de ativa??o aparente e de distribui??o da taxa de relaxa??o, respectivamente, aos quais foram relacionados em fun??o do teor de tensoativo e da temperatura, usados neste trabalho
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Godinho, David Jorge Rafael. "Problema de transportes nos CTT." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10167.

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Mestrado em Decisão Económica e Empresarial
No problema de transportes de serviço postal dos CTT (PTC), os veículos, que distribuem e recolhem o correio, podem imobilizar num ponto, depois de efectuarem um certo trajecto, podendo, mais tarde, realizar um novo trajecto a partir do ponto de imobilização. Este problema pode caracterizar-se como uma generalização do Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), em que os veículos imobilizados, não tendo a necessidade de voltar ao depósito no trajecto inicialmente efectuado, terão de regressar num novo trajecto a realizar num período do dia diferente. Para além desta questão muito particular, outras especificidades do PTC fazem-no diferir do VRP, surgindo algumas em variantes do VRP como se descreverá. Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma heurística melhorativa de pesquisa local para a resolução do PTC, que apresenta resultados positivos, mas que pode ser melhorada, nomeadamente na possibilidade de reduzir o número de viagens imobilizadas.
In the problem of transportation of CTT (PTC), the vehicles can immobilize at the end of its journey, and afterwards resume a new route from the point of immobilization to the depot. This problem can be characterized as a Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), in which vehicles routes are divided in two separate sets: delivery routes and pick up routes to be performed in a different period of time. At the end of delivery routes, the vehicle does not need to return to the depot. Therefore, pick up routes may begin either on an immobilization point or at the depot, but both must end at the base depot of the vehicle. In addition to this very particular point, other aspects of the PTC, make it differ from the VRP, as it will be described. In this work, an improvement local search heuristic to solve the PTC, will be present. Computational experiment shows good performance of the proposed heuristic, but it can be improved, including the possibility of reducing the number of immobilized trips.
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Arumuganainar, Ponnappan. "Automatic soft plaque detection from CTA." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26690.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Tannenbaum, Allen; Committee Member: Skrinjar, Oskar; Committee Member: Yezzi, Anthony. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Books on the topic "CTAT"

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Neuman, Frank. CTAS data analysis program. Moffett Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1994.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Groundspeed filtering for CTAS. Cincinnati, Ohio: Dept. of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Cincinnati, 1994.

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Trust, Community Technology Development. CTDT gender policy & strategy. Harare, Zimbabwe: Community Technology Development Trust, 2008.

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Trsan, Đại Sỹ. Ctam Khê di huan. Paris: Nam Á, 1991.

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Nguynen, Nhuat Thăng. Ctam nang nha khoa. Houston, Tx. (2809 Main, Houston 77002): Nguyen Thang, 1988.

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Liu, Wuyun. Ctam nang tránh thai. Đà Nmang: Nhà xurat bkan Đà Nmang, 2007.

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York, Herbert F. The CTBT and beyond. New York: United Nations, 1994.

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Buchsbaum, Walter H. Ctam nang syua chzua TV. Glendale, CA: Đại Nam, 1994.

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Khalid, Rahman, and Ahmed Mushfiq, eds. Nuclear deterrence, CTBT and Pakistan. Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies, 2000.

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Smuclovisky, Claudio, ed. Coronary Artery CTA. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66988-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "CTAT"

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Di Geronimo, Linda, Maria Husmann, Abhimanyu Patel, Can Tuerk, and Moira C. Norrie. "CTAT: Tilt-and-Tap Across Devices." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 96–113. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38791-8_6.

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Paquette, Luc, Jean-François Lebeau, and André Mayers. "Authoring Problem-Solving Tutors: A Comparison between ASTUS and CTAT." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 377–405. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14363-2_19.

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Aleven, Vincent, Bruce M. McLaren, Jonathan Sewall, and Kenneth R. Koedinger. "The Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT): Preliminary Evaluation of Efficiency Gains." In Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 61–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11774303_7.

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Paquette, Luc, Ryan S. Baker, and Michal Moskal. "A System-General Model for the Detection of Gaming the System Behavior in CTAT and LearnSphere." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 257–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93846-2_47.

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Guder, W. G. "CTAD-Röhrchen." In Springer Reference Medizin, 637. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_798.

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Guder, W. G. "CTAD-Röhrchen." In Lexikon der Medizinischen Laboratoriumsdiagnostik, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49054-9_798-1.

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Gooch, Jan W. "CTA." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 185. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_3165.

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Ogoh, George, Simisola Akintoye, Damian Okaibedi Eke, Tonii Leach, Paschal Ochang, Adebowale Owoseni, Oluyinka Oyeniji, and Bernd Carsten Stahl. "Contact Tracing Apps for the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Responsible Innovation Perspective." In Philosophy of Engineering and Technology, 75–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08424-9_4.

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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought about the first real opportunity to test the efficacy of the Responsible Research and Innovation framework or RRI in a global health crisis. This is in view of the bold new approaches to health research and innovation that the pandemic has paved the way for. One such approach is the digital contact tracing application (CTA). Although contact tracing has been a fundamental part of infectious disease control for decades, this is the first time this technique has been used in mobile applications. Based on a Multivocal Literature Review, the development of CTAs in four countries – France, Germany, Spain, and the UK – was assessed to understand what dimensions of RRI can be identified in the governments’ response to COVID-19. This chapter shows that although from 2011, RRI has been promoted as a governance approach for increasing societal desirability of the processes and products of science and technology, very little is known about how the framework may be applied in a health crisis. Notwithstanding that RRI was not explicitly referenced during the development of CTAs in France, the UK, Spain, and Germany, the analysis has identified some interesting linkage to this framework. It shows that while no RRI approach was explicitly embraced by these governments, some key components were present – even though inadequately. It also indicates that, while it is challenging to apply RRI in crises, there is value in using it as an analytical tool for techno-social responses in situations, like those created by the COVID-19 health crisis.
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Cayen, Mitchell N. "Exploratory INDs/CTAs." In Early Drug Development, 465–87. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470613191.ch11.

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Smuclovisky, Claudio. "Coronary Anatomy." In Coronary Artery CTA, 1–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0431-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "CTAT"

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Romijn, Joost, Luke M. Middelburg, Sten Vollebregt, Brahim El Mansouri, Henk W. van Zeijl, Alexander May, Tobias Erlbacher, Guoqi Zhang, and Pasqualina M. Sarro. "Resistive and CTAT Temperature Sensors in a Silicon Carbide CMOS Technology." In 2021 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensors47087.2021.9639845.

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Navidi, Seyedeh Masoumeh, and Mehdi Ehsanian. "A 20 ppm/#x00B0;C voltage reference cell using a low-power CTAT voltage generator." In 2017 IEEE 4th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Engineering and Innovation (KBEI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kbei.2017.8324922.

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Mondal, Somok, and Drew A. Hall. "A107 µW MedRadio Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier with a CTAT-biased 126 ppm/°C Ring Oscillator." In 2019 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2019.8780130.

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Lv, Nan, Bocheng Hu, Ningmei Yu, Hejiu Zhang, Peixiao Yuan, and Yilin Li. "A ±0.7 ppm Analog Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator using an Oscillator Circuit Biased by CTAT Current." In 2023 6th International Conference on Electronics Technology (ICET). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icet58434.2023.10211553.

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Tewari, Shikhar, and Kirmender Singh. "Intuitive design of PTAT and CTAT circuits for MOSFET based temperature sensor using Inversion Coefficient based approach." In 2015 19th International Symposium on VLSI Design and Test (VDAT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isvdat.2015.7208077.

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Boujamaa, El Mehdi, Samsudeen Mohamed Ali, Steve Ngueya Wandji, Alexandra Gourio, Suksoo Pyo, Gwanhyeob Koh, Yoonjong Song, et al. "A 14.7Mb/mm2 28nm FDSOI STT-MRAM with Current Starved Read Path, 52Ω/Sigma Offset Voltage Sense Amplifier and Fully Trimmable CTAT Reference." In 2020 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlsicircuits18222.2020.9162803.

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Christesen, Steven D., Stephanie M. Garlick, and Fred R. Longo. "Microemulsion Aggregation Numbers Determined by Time-Resolved Luminescence." In Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laca.1990.wb3.

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The time-resolved luminescence technique developed by Infelta et. al. 1 has been used to measure the aggregation numbers (number of surfactant molecules per aggregate) for microemulsions containing cetyltrimethylammonium bromid (CTAB) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) as surfactants. Microemulsions are transparent dispersions of two immiscible liquids (e.g. oil and water) stabilized by an emulsifier comprising a surfactant and cosurfactant (Figure 1). The microemulsion aggregates typically have radii of 100-500 Angstroms. Microemulsions are being studied for possible use in decontamination of toxic organophosphorus compounds.
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Hossain, Mohammad Asiful, Nabeel Mohammed, and Rafi Md Najmus Sadat. "Chord to Triangular Arm Angle (CTAA), a more accurate version of the CTAR corner detector." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Signal and Image Processing Applications (ICSIPA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsipa.2015.7412190.

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Azmiyawati, Choiril, F. A. Yamin, A. Darmawan, and L. Suyati. "Synthesis of magnetite@SILICA-CTA in a cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) concentration variations for fenol adsorption." In THE 14TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0005717.

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BRATEAU, MARION, AMAR BOUCHAMA, AUBIN CLOUGH, ISABELLE DELAGRANGE, STEVEN KERAMPRAN, and MICHEL ARRIGONI. "EVALUATION OF EXISTING EQUATIONS OF STATE FOR THE MODELLING OF PROPELLANT COMBUSTION IN INTERIOR BALLISTICS." In 32ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36083.

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Increasing performance of an armament system often leads to increasing the maximal pressure inside the chamber or increasing the compacity of the system. Telescoped ammunition and the associated weapon (40 CTAS) developed by CTA International is a solution that combines both improvements. With the increase of maximal pressure, the equations of interior ballistics might not be appropriate anymore since the models were established when the pressure was moderated. The aim of this paper is to compare the potential candidates for the equation of state of the combustion gases in a high-pressure system, such as telescoped ammunition. Within this study, the following equations of state are studied: ideal gas equation, Noble-Abel equation, Van der Waals equation and virial equation. The study is divided in two: a first study for air as the coefficients needed are easily accessible in the literature and a second study for combustion products stemming from propellant combustion.
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Reports on the topic "CTAT"

1

Sikora, Joel. Final CTAP Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1813654.

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Zucca, J. J. CTBT technical issues handbook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10193318.

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Hawkins, W., and K. Wohletz. Visual inspection for CTBT verification. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/459445.

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Edenburn, M. W., M. L. Bunting, and A. C. Jr Payne. CTBT Integrated Verification System Evaluation Model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/548603.

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Bowyer, T. W., K. H. Abel, and W. K. Hensley. Automatic radioxenon analyzer for CTBT monitoring. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/431123.

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Anderson, K. K. Statistical evaluation of CTBT regional seismic monitoring. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/419222.

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Hawkins, W., and K. Wohletz. Ground-based visual inspection for CTBT verification. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/552775.

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EDENBURN, MICHAEL W., MARCUS BUNTING, ARTHUR C. PAYNE JR., and LAWRENCE C. TROST. CTBT integrated verification system evaluation model supplement. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/752611.

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Tangyunyong, Paiboon. CTAP REPORT Commercialization of Power Spectrum Analysis (PSA) Technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1874426.

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Hale. L51535 Girth Welding Line Pipe Made of Stainless Steel Either Solid or Internally Clad - Phase II. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), July 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010507.

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Girth welds were produced using a manual CTAW procedure in solid and clad stainless steel line pipe. Corrosion behavior in CO2 and NaC1 solution simulating wet gas was evaluated.Girth Welding Line Pipe Made from Stainless Steel Either Solid or Internally Clad -- Phase II. See also L51498.
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