Relevant bibliographies by topics / CSP

Academic literature on the topic 'CSP'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "CSP"

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Fang, Fang, Ying Huang, Zhiyong Liu, Xuemei Liu, and Xiaoyun Huang. "Correlation analysis of central arterial pressure parameters and the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries: A retrospective study." Medicine 102, no. 48 (December 1, 2023): e36466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000036466.

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To investigate the correlation between central arterial pressure (CAP) parameters and the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries, understand the value of CAP in assessing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of CHD. Between January 2021 and January 2022, 224 patients admitted to our hospital for complete coronary angiography (CAG) were included in this retrospective study. CAP parameters, including central systolic pressure (CSP), diastolic pressure (CDP), and pulse pressure (CPP), and Gensini scores were collected; the association between CAP parameters and the severity of coronary lesions was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and multivariate regression analysis. CPP was significantly higher in the coronary multi-branch lesion group than in the single-branch lesion group in patients with CHD (P < .05). CSP, CDP, and CPP were significantly higher in the high Gensini score group than in the low Gensini score group for coronary vascular lesions; furthermore, CSP and CPP were significantly higher in the high Gensini score group than in the medium Gensini score group (P < .05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that CSP and CPP were positively and CDP was negatively correlated with the severity of coronary artery lesions in patients with CHD (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of diabetes, CSP, CDP, and CPP were independent risk factors for severe atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries (P < .05). noninvasive CAP-related indices, such as CSP, CDP, and CPP, are independently correlated with and can be used to predict the severity of coronary lesions in patients with CHD, which may be beneficial for guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Pungky, Diana Reza. "The Effect of Corporate Financial Performance and Corporate Environmental Performance on Corporate Sustainability Performance with the Board of Independence as a Moderating Variable." Journal of Applied Business Administration 7, no. 2 (September 30, 2023): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jaba.v7i2.6313.

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The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the effect of Corporate Financial Performance (CFP) and Corporate Environmental Performance (CEP) on Corporate Sustainability Performance (CSP) with the Board of Independence (BOI) as a moderating variable. The research population consists of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Through purposive sampling, a sample of 23 companies was obtained from 2015 to 2015. 2021. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) using SmartPLS 4.0 software. The test results show that CFP has a positive effect on CSP. CEP has no effect on CSP. BOI is unable to moderate the effect of CFP on CSP. BOI can’t strengthen the relationship between CEP and CSP.
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Baron, David P., Maretno Agus Harjoto, and Hoje Jo. "The Economics and Politics of Corporate Social Performance." Business and Politics 13, no. 2 (August 2011): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1374.

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Firms operate in a capital market, a product market, and a market for social pressure directed at them by social activists, NGOs, and governments. An equilibrium in these three markets yields a three-equation structural model that relates corporate financial performance (CFP), corporate social performance (CSP), and social pressure. This paper estimates the simultaneous equation model for a panel of over 1,600 firms and finds that CFP is uncorrelated with CSP and negatively correlated with social pressure. CSP is decreasing in CFP and increasing in social pressure. Social pressure is increasing in CSP and decreasing in CFP, which is consistent with social pressure being directed to soft targets. Disaggregating the panel indicates that CFP is positively correlated with CSP for firms in consumer markets and negatively correlated for industrial markets. For consumer markets, CSP is increasing in CFP, which is consistent with a perquisites hypothesis that managers spend on CSR when they can afford it. For industrial markets CSP is decreasing in CFP, which is consistent with a moral management hypothesis. For both consumer and industrial markets, CSP is responsive to social pressure.
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Tuppura, Anni, Heli Arminen, Satu Pätäri, and Ari Jantunen. "Corporate social and financial performance in different industry contexts: the chicken or the egg?" Social Responsibility Journal 12, no. 4 (October 3, 2016): 672–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-12-2015-0181.

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Purpose The purpose of the paper is to examine empirically Granger causality relationships between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) in four different industries. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the Granger causality test to analyse the causality relationships between CSP and CFP in clothing, energy, food and forest industries in the USA. The panel data used combined CSP and CFP measures over the years 1991-2009. CSP strengths and concerns are handled as distinct constructs. Findings There is some evidence of bidirectional causality between CSP and CFP in the clothing, energy and forest industries; but in the food industry, CSP appears not to Granger-cause CFP. The results encourage accounting for the industry in empirical analyses, as well as the use of more than one measure for CFP in the analyses. Originality/value The direction of causality between CSP and CFP has been specifically addressed in only a few studies. Because the causality relationship may, in addition, be concealed when multi-industry data are used, this paper contributes to the literature by examining the Granger causality between CSP and CFP in four different industry contexts using two different measures of CFP.
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Habermann, Florian. "Corporate social performanceand over-investment: evidence from Germany." Journal of Global Responsibility 12, no. 3 (July 27, 2021): 347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-11-2020-0095.

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Purpose With the Green Deal and Sustainable Finance Taxonomy, the European Union is driving forward its ambition for a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy. For this reason, this paper contributes to the ongoing discussion by examining how overall corporate social performance (CSP) and the respective environmental, social and governance (ESG) pillar performance affects corporate financial performance (CFP). In addition, this study aims to present novel insights by testing a theoretically derived CSP over-investment theory empirically for the German market. Design/methodology/approach The final sample includes firms listed on the German Prime Standard (DAX30, MDAX and TecDAX) from 2015 to 2019. The study includes a correlation and regression analysis using fixed effects on 363 firm-year observations to investigate the CSP-CFP relationship. This paper applies accounting and market-based CFP measures and uses Thomson Reuters (TR) ESG scores to measure CSP. Findings Overall CSP, social pillar and governance pillar performance improve CFP for firms listed on the German Prime Standard. However, the study provides evidence for a value-destroying effect of CSP over-investment in the social pillar. Research limitations/implications The implications of the study are ambiguous. First, firms can improve CFP when doing good, i.e. increase CSP. Second, however, CSP is a concept of decreasing marginal benefits. Consequently, managers can respond to increasing pressure from investors to be “sustainable” with the argument of CSP over-investment. Policymakers must consider materiality as a potential explanation for the over-investment phenomena when framing sustainable development programs, i.e. the EU Green Deal and regulations such as the Directive 2014/95/EU and the Regulation EU 2020/852. Moreover, the study sensitizes society that sustainability efforts do not exclusively affect CFP positively. Originality/value The paper contributes to CSP literature by revisiting the CSP-CFP relationship and debuting a CSP over-investment hypothesis on the German market. The results are highly relevant for practitioners, policymakers and society, as the study provides an empirical framework to evaluate CSP properly and reveals the importance of materiality in stakeholder management.
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Kevin Huang, Shihping, and Chih-Lung Yang. "Corporate social performance: why it matters? Case of Taiwan." Chinese Management Studies 8, no. 4 (October 28, 2014): 704–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-12-2013-0235.

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Purpose – The objective of this article is to explore the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) of firms in Taiwan, as the empirical evidence of Taiwan firms is scarce. Design/methodology/approach – This paper studies the empirical relation between CSP and CFP using a sample of 71 Taiwan-based companies during 2005-2011. CSP data are a composite of two Taiwan’s CSP ratings, and CFP data are retrieved from Taiwan Economic Journal database. Two control variables, R&D investment (R&D) and industry type (IND), are included in our models. The multiple regression is used as a statistical analysis tool. Findings – Our findings indicate a significantly positive CSP–CFP relationship of firms in Taiwan. Furthermore, our study reveals that the CSP in the non-manufacturing sector is more highly related with CFP than the case in the manufacturing sector in Taiwan. Originality/value – First, Our findings are consistent with the majority of recent research and are supported by the stakeholder theory. The paper argues that Taiwan firms should incorporate CSP into their business strategies for improving their competitive advantages. Second, our findings argue that Taiwan firms in the manufacturing sector should learn the best CSP practices from firms in the non-manufacturing sector to maintain and enhance their sustainability. Third, this paper extends the subject study of Taiwan scenario, and it is the first paper combining two CSP local ratings as the proxy for the CSP measure.
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Garcia, Editinete André da Rocha, José Milton de Sousa-Filho, and João Maurício Gama Boaventura. "The influence of social disclosure on the relationship between Corporate Financial Performance and Corporate Social Performance*." Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 29, no. 77 (February 15, 2018): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x201804950.

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ABSTRACT This study’s general objective is to investigate the moderating effect of Corporate Social Performance Disclosure (D-CSP) on the relationship between Corporate Social Performance (CSP) and Corporate Financial Performance (CFP). Based on this objective, the study presented a model in which D-CSP acts as a moderator in relation to primary stakeholders (employees, community, and suppliers). D-CSP is a mechanism through which the various social aspects involved in discretionary policies, actions, and activities identified in the management for stakeholders process can be evaluated. A sample of 1,147 companies belonging to 10 different sectors and five continents was used to test the model. Data were collected from the Bloomberg database, totaling 5,735 observations, from 2010 to 2014. The relationship was tested using the multiple linear regression model involving panel data with fixed effects, and the Newey-West robust standard errors correction. Three constructs, D-CSP, CSP, and CFP, were used to perform the tests. As a CSP measure, the CSP of the employee, supplier, and community stakeholders was used. As a D-CSP measure, the CSP disclosure scores available from the database were used, and return on assets (ROA) was used as a CFP measure. The tests carried out indicated the existence of a positive moderating effect of disclosure on the relationship between the CSP of primary stakeholders and CFP. Besides presenting a positive CSP in relation to the primary stakeholders the results enable it to be inferred that these results need to be disclosed, thus contributing to higher corporate financial performance.
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Pineiro-Chousa, Juan, Noelia Romero-Castro, and Marcos Vizcaíno-González. "Inclusions in and Exclusions from the S&P 500 Environmental and Socially Responsible Index: A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 4 (February 25, 2019): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11041211.

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Socially responsible investment (SRI) indices provide an interesting opportunity to analyse the links between corporate financial performance (CFP) and corporate sustainability performance (CSP). However, few studies focus on the antecedents of inclusions in and exclusions from SRI indices. Specifically, the implications of corporate sustainability disclosure (CSD) have been largely ignored in this field. Furthermore, previous literature on the CSP-CSD-CFP links shows inconclusive results that have been attributed to both methodological and measurement problems, which suggest the existence of asymmetry, equifinality and complexity amongst these links. This study targets two under-researched areas regarding the determinants of changes in the composition of SRI indices, and the effects of CSD on CSP. This study also attempts to overcome the methodological and measurement limitations of previous studies on the CFP-CSD-CSP links. The study presents a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore how different combinations of CFP and CSD indicators are related to inclusions in an SRI index (assumed as expressions of a good CSP), and exclusions from an SRI index (equivalent to a poor CSP). The empirical results reveal that a combination of different CSD indicators is necessary, but not sufficient, to lead to the inclusion in or exclusion from an SRI index, and that CFP measures have asymmetrical effects on CSP. CSD is a relevant antecedent or precondition of CSP that can motivate changes in corporate behaviours towards an improved CSP. Poor CSP, leading to an exclusion from the index, is associated with poor CSD and a deterioration of CFP. The implications for researchers, business managers, SRI rating agencies and policymakers are derived.
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Rahman, Md Jahidur, and Yuyang Luo. "Corporate Social and Financial Performance in Chemical Industry in the United States." Indonesian Management and Accounting Research 19, no. 1 (August 9, 2020): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/imar.v19i1.6253.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between corporation financial performance (CFP) and corporate social performance (CSP). This study uses return on assets (ROA) to measure corporate financial performance. We use two different measurement strategies independently to measure corporate social performance: (a) KLD index as perceptual CSP measure strategy; (b) Percentage change in waste produced by the corporation (TRI index) as behavior CSP measure strategy. Using the sample of 123 U.S chemical firms from 2009-2018, this paper finds that KLD index has a significantly positive association with CFP, while TRI index is not significantly associated with CFP. Meanwhile, this paper also finds that seven individual dimensions of CSP are significantly related to CFP except for the environment dimension. The result expands the importance of CSP measurement methods from cross-industry research to single industry research and contributes to the CSP individual dimensions literature.
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Lu, Wenxiang (Lucy), and Martin E. Taylor. "Which Factors Moderate the Relationship between Sustainability Performance and Financial Performance? A Meta-Analysis Study." Journal of International Accounting Research 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jiar-51103.

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ABSTRACT The relationship between corporate sustainability performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) has long been debated. Ullman (1985) pointed out that the conflicting results could be influenced by many factors, such as sample size, industrial context, inconsistent measurement of CSP and CFP, research methodologies, and procedures for data collection and analysis. This paper addresses Ullman's (1985) concerns by providing a more methodologically rigorous review of the CSP-CFP relationship than prior research studies. A meta-analysis of 198 studies yields a total sample size of 31,514 observations. The meta-analytic findings suggest that sustainability performance likely increases a firm's financial performance, especially in the long run. Compared to social sustainability, environmental sustainability, to a larger extent, contributes to the positive CSP-CFP relationship. In addition, CSP appears to be more highly correlated with accounting-based measures of CFP than with market-based indicators. Multi-industry, pre-2000 studies, and non-U.S. sample firms seem to show a stronger impact on the positive relationship between CSP and CFP than other sample indicators. A final finding is that the methodology used in the analysis has a significant impact on the results.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CSP"

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BECCU, GABRIELE. "The link between CSP and CFP." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/249614.

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This work aims to contribute to the existent research body on Corporate Social Performance (CSP) by proving the existence of a business case for CSR, demonstrating the existence of a link between the Corporate Social Responsibility performances and the Corporate Financial Performances (CFP) of firms. We endeavor in answering our research question firstly through a qualitative analysis in order to generate an effective research design and subsequently by applying the resulting research design in two empirical analyses on European and Italian firms. The results of our analyses confirm that firms with higher CSR performances report increased economic, financial and operating performances, showing the existence of a positive correlation between CSP and CFP. The first study allows us to conclude that at least four transmission mechanisms of CSP on CFP exist. We theorize that the typology of communication enacted, the proactivity in implementing CSR actions and the industrial sector of firms can mitigate the transmission of CSR behaviour into perceived CSR performances. Finally, we theorize that the coherence over time (or consistency) of CSR performances, the geographical area where firms operate, and the congruity of CSR actions with companies’ core business, shall be considered as mitigating factors of the transmission of CSP on CFP. The second study, through an empirical analysis on 191 European firms, based on the research design generated in the first study, concludes that a positive link between firms’ social performances and their economic and workforce productivity, intended as a proxy of operating performance exists. We acknowledge that endogeneity might arise in our analysis given that conditions that drive firms to implement CSR activities could affect their financial, economic and operating performances, and given that some correlation might arise between the control variables and the error term in our model. To address this issue properly, we conduct an endogeneity correction or treatment effect Heckman two-stage model on our data. After treating for endogeneity using a two-step Heckman model, our analysis continues to show that a higher overall CSR score is significantly correlated with higher revenues/ employees and higher revenues, whilst EBITDA margin %, still maintains a positive correlation, loses statistical significance. We conclude that, even if endogeneity might be present in our analyses, it does not affect the results of our inquiry. The third study, through an empirical analysis on 42 Italian firms, based again on the research previously generated, but with a different sample and a structured segmentation of CSR activities, concludes once more that positive CSR performances are associated with higher financial, economic and operating performances. In particular, the present work allows us to segment the multidimensional construct that represents Corporate Social Responsibility while analyzing its effects in relation to CFP of firms, leading to an increased level of understanding of the topic. Also in the third study we discuss endogeneity issues. Furthermore, both in the second and third study, we discuss also potential issues arising from measurement errors in the empiric analyses conducted. We draw the conclusion that managers may increase the economic, financial and operating performances of firms by implementing socially responsible activities, in particular in relation to socially responsible labor practices and product responsibility practices. In addition, we conclude that when implementing environmental responsibility practices managers shall estimate the direction of their potential economic and financial returns in relation to the transmission channels activated by their investments. Finally, we suggest areas of further research in the field, in order to encourage scholars to expand the literature following the research path that we identified.
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Wrench, Karen Lee. "CSP-i : an implementation of CSP." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003124.

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CSP (Communicating Sequential Processes) is a notation proposed by Hoare, for expressing process communication and synchronization. Although this notation has been widely acclaimed, Hoare himself never implemented it as a computer language. He did however produce the necessary correctness proofs and subsequently the notation has been adopted (in various guises) by the designers of other concurrent languages such as Ada and occam. Only two attempts have been made at a direct and precise implementation of CSP. With closer scrutiny, even these implementations are found to deviate from the specifications expounded by Hoare, and in so doing restrict the original proposal. This thesis comprises two main sections. The first of these includes a brief look at the primitives of concurrent programming, followed by a comparative study of the existing adaptations of CSP and other message passing languages. The latter section is devoted to a description of the author's attempt at an original implementation of the notation. The result of this attempt is the creation of the CSP-i language and a suitable environment for executing CSP-i programs on an IBM PC. The CSP-i implementation is comparable with other concurrent systems presently available. In some aspects, the primitives featured in CSP-i provide the user with a more efficient and concise notation for expressing concurrent algorithms than several other message-based languages, notably occam.
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Jampel, Michael Benjamin. "Over-constrained systems in CLP and CSP." Thesis, City University London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319633.

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Chiarot, Giacomo <1995&gt. "CSP Synthesis." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15392.

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Cross Site Scripting (XSS) is a widespread web vulnerability that allows an attacker to inject code in a web page, fully compromising it. Content- Security-Policy (CSP) is a security mechanism that limits the effects of XSS attacks. However it is hard to configure and, for this reason, it is not widely adopted. For the same reason, many real policies in the wild are misconfigured. In this thesis we present a Chrome extension for semi-automatically generating and enforcing CSP while navigating the web. We analyze the generated policies to see if the extension does not break the navigation while enforcing the security of users surfing the Web. The extension is useful both for end users and for developers, since it is able to build a policy that can be permanently included in a new website.
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Vajar, Beeta. "Mobile CSP||B." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843387/.

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Formal methods are mathematically based languages for producing verifiable, consistent and more reliable formal specifications which leads to the construction of trustworthy and maintainable computer programs. Most formal methods can be classified as state-based or event-based formal methods. State-based formal methods, such as the B-Method, are capable of describing data aspects of the system but they are not able to describe behavioural aspects or concurrency. On the other hand, by using event-based formal methods, such as CSP, we are not able to describe data aspects of the system which results in difficulty to describe systems which contain state transitions. Over the years, the idea of combining state and event based formal methods has been proposed in order to design systems in which both data and behavioural aspects are described. The idea of creating a combination of state and event based formal methods which is able to describe mobility and dynamic patterns has also been raised in formal method integration. This additional functionality is suitable for modelling agent systems or peer-to-peer networks where consideration of mobility is important. CSP || B is a combination of CSP and B in which CSP processes are used as control executives for B machines. This architecture enables a B machine and its controller to interact and communicate with each other while working in parallel. The architecture has focused on sequential CSP processes as dedicated controllers for B machines. This thesis introduces Mobile CSP || B, a formal framework based on CSP || B which enables us to specify and verify concurrent systems with mobile architecture as well as the previous static architecture. In Mobile CSP || B, a parallel combination of CSP processes act as the controller for the B machines and these B machines can be transferred between CSP processes during the system execution.
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Gardner, William Bennett. "CSP++, an object-oriented application framework for software synthesis from CSP specifications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0013/NQ53041.pdf.

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Bergquist, Gustav, and Pelle Sandström. "Är det lönsamt att investera i CSR? : Förhållandet mellan Corporate Social Performance och Corporate Financial Performance." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355085.

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Denna studie undersöker det finansiella värdeskapandet av CSR-aktiviteter genom att studera förhållandet mellan Corporate Social Performance (CSP) och Corporate Financial Performance (CFP). I enlighet med The CSP-CFP multilevel framework studeras ett avgränsat CSP-CFP samband med utgångspunkt i svenska konsumenter. Vidare undersöker studien den modererande effekten av företagsstorlek på det undersökta CSP-CFP sambandet. Av resultatet framkommer ett signifikant positivt CSP-CFP förhållande för CSR-aktiviteter riktade mot svenska konsumenter. Av resultatet framkommer även ett signifikant starkare positivt CSP-CFP samband för små svenska företag jämfört med för stora svenska företag. Resultatet bidrar till en ökad förståelse av CSP-CFP förhållandet på den svenska marknaden avgränsat för intressentgruppen konsumenter. Framtida forskning kan med fördel, genom kvalitativa metoder, undersöka de underliggande faktorerna som påverkar det finansiella värdeskapandet av CSR-aktiviteter riktade mot konsumenter.
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Bergquist, Maja, and Malin Tafvelin. "Hållbarhet och lönsamhet : Förhållandena mellan CSP och CFP i en svensk kontext." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124644.

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Under de senaste årtiondena har ansvarfullt företagande (CSR) varit ett ämne som erhållit allt mer fokus inom forskning och således även för företag och samhället i stort. CSR är ett ämne som är högst aktuellt då globalisering är ett faktum och medför att de företag som är verksamma idag bär ett globalt ansvar, då dessa är stora aktörer i en värld som kantas av ekonomiska kriser, miljöproblem och humanitär försummelse. Det ökade intresset från samhället för CSR har medfört att företagen idag ser detta som en strategisk investering och företags satsning i hållbarhetsaktiviteter har kommit att erhålla en allt större del av företags verksamhet. Frågan kvarstår om detta endast är en investering som ökar företagets etik och moral eller om det faktiskt är lönsamt, och även om lönsamma företag ökar sin investering i hållbarhetsarbete. En stor mängd forskning har utförts för att undersöka förhållandena mellan hållbarhet och lönsamhet, dock utan att konsensus i forskningsgrenen har uppkommit.       Grundat på den nuvarande forskningssituationen syftade denna studie till att undersöka vilken effekt ansvarsfullt företagande har på olika lönsamhetsmått, samt vilken effekt de olika lönsamhetsmåtten har på ansvarsfullt företagande, i företag registrerade på large cap och mid cap på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. För att besvara studiens problemformulering och uppfylla studiens syfte har en kvantitativ forskningsansats brukats och ett urval av företag listade på large och mid cap Nasdaq OMX Stockholm har undersökts. För att sätta ett mått på ansvarsfullt företagande (CSP) har en innehållsanalys av företags årsrapporter och hållbarhetsrapporter genomförts, lönsamhetsmåtten (CFP) har utgått från redovisningsbaserade mått (ROE och ROA) samt ett marknadsbaserat mått (total avkastning). Vidare undersöks även relationen mellan variablerna, CSP och CFP, med en tidsaspekt och kontrollvariablerna storlek, risk, FoU och industritillhörighet har brukats. De teorier som har använts för att förklara CFP:s effekt på CSP är slappa resurser och direktörsopportunism, och effekten CSP har på CFP har teorierna intressentteorin, resursbaserad synvinkel och kompromissteorin använts.  Det resultat som framkommit genom de multipla regressionerna som testat studiens hypoteser visar att ROE:s effekt på CSP är positiv, medan både ROA:s och avkastningens effekt på CSP är neutral. Slutsatsen blir således delad då lönsamhetsmåttet ROE visar att företag som har en högre lönsamhet kommer investera mer i hållbarhet, denna effekt knyts samman med teorin om slappa resurser. Å andra sidan visar både ROA och avkastning på en neutral effekt på CSP vilket ej kan knytas till varken slappa resurser eller direktöropportunism. Vidare när istället CSP:s effekt på ROE, ROA och avkastning undersökts visar samtliga på en neutral påverkan. Den slutsats som kan dras från detta resultat är att hållbarhetsarbete ej empiriskt kan säkerställa en högre eller lägre lönsamhet, och varken intressentteorin, resursbaserad synvinkel eller kompromissteorin kan förklara resultatet. Med icke-konklusiva resultat föreslår författarna för vidare forskning inom området där mer forskning i den svenska kontexten är nödvändig.
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Sikhosana, Qedile. "Global review of CSP technologies." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12454.

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This global review of concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies is based mainly on an assessment of available international literature, up to 31 October 2011. It includes a review of major CSP projects currently operating or under development at this time; the respective CSP technologies employed; and an assessment of the present and future economics of CSP relative to other conventional and renewable energy electricity-generating technologies. Global outlook scenarios for CSP are discussed, as well as specific conditions and proposals for CSP developments in South Africa. The economic analysis has been limited by several challenges. Since the CSP industry is new, there are few well-documented projects on which to base the analysis. Most of the projects referenced here are from the USA and Spain. As the CSP market rapidly expands, competition in the industry tends to restrict the disclosure of detailed financial/economic information for projects under development. In general, it has been difficult to compare the publicly available economic data, on a reliable basis, since the financial costing parameters used may vary from case to case. In addition, most of the economic forecasts, which have been reviewed, are based on forward modeling rather than practical proven costs. There are uncertainties and quite wide variations in such predictions. This dissertation concludes, however, that there is great optimism for the growing employment of CSP technology in the near future and that CSP electricity-generating costs, in areas with high solar energy resources, are expected to become competitive with levelised electricity generating costs from other conventional and renewable energy technologies. The cost reduction potentials for CSP lie mainly in expected technical research and development advances, and production economies of scale, achieved by high volume deployment, supported by mid-term investment incentives from governments and other agencies. Another cost reduction potential, especially in the South African context, lies in the localization of skills and local fabrication of some plant structures and components.
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Messias, da Silva Menezes Junior Manoel. "Mapeando CSP em UML-RT." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1723.

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A integração de métodos formais com notações semi-formais visuais é uma tendência em engenharia de software. Métodos formais apresentam uma semântica precisa e permitem verificação de propriedades. No entanto, não são considerados intuitivos. Por outro lado, notações semi-formais visuais, como UML, são facilmente integradas no processo de desenvolvimento de software. Assim, métodos formais e semi-formais visuais são complementares. CSP e UML-RT são, respectivamente, exemplos de notação formal e diagramática usados para especificar e projetar sistemas concorrentes e distribuídos. CSP é um método formal no qual processos representam unidades comportamentais que se comunicam através de canais de comunicação, utilizando passagem de mensagem. UML-RT é uma extensão conservativa de UML na qual cápsulas são unidades comportamentais que se comunicam através de portas de comunicação. Portas realizam protocolos os quais especificam os sinais que podem ser enviados e recebidos através de uma porta, e a ordem na qual os sinais podem ser comunicados. Em um trabalho anterior, Ferreira apresentou um conjunto de regras que sistematizam o mapeamento de CSP para UML-RT, mas uma prova formal deste mapeamento não foi apresentada. Assim, para garantir consistência no desenvolvimento de sistemas concorrentes e distribuídos utilizando este mapeamento, a prova formal do mesmo é indispensável, uma vez que não faz sentido o esforço dedicado à especificação do sistema em CSP e a verificação de propriedades e refinamentos, se uma ou mais regras de mapeamento estiverem incorretas. No entanto, UMLRT não possui uma semântica formal padrão. Entre outras propostas de semântica formal, Ramos propõe uma semântica para UML-RT utilizando OhCircus (uma combinação de CSP e Z com características adicionais de orientação a objetos) como modelo semântico. Neste trabalho, é proposta uma variação da semântica de Ramos para UML-RT usando CSP como modelo semântico. Com base nesta semântica, é apresentada a prova do mapeamento de CSP para UML-RT, considerando o modelo de falhas e divergências de CSP. Assim, este trabalho consolida a integração de CSP e UML-RT proposta por Ferreira, no desenvolvimento de sistemas críticos, concorrentes e distribuídos. Um resultado interessante foi observar que, estritamente, as regras propostas por Ferreira não preservam a semântica de CSP, essencialmente com relação a aspectos de terminação dos processos
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Books on the topic "CSP"

1

Lyon, Lockwood. CDP review manual: Covering the ICCP CDP, CSP, and CCP examinations. 5th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1991.

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Seldin, Lawrence M. Introduction to CSP. Boston: Q.E.D.Publishing Group, 1992.

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Sridhar, K. T. JSD expressed in CSP. Oxford: Oxford University, 1985.

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Goodman, Thomas W. CSP markets and applications. Austin, Tex: TechSearch International Inc., 1998.

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Malik, Shashi. CSP: A developer's guide. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1992.

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(Organization), ActionAid-Nepal, ed. Review of AAN CSP II (1998-2002) and CSP II update (2003-2004). [Kathmandu]: ActionAid Nepal, 2004.

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CSP: Mastering cross system product. Boston: QED Technical Pub. Group, 1991.

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Yamagata, Yoriyuki. Interpretation of STM by CSP. Hyōgo-ken Amagasaki-shi: Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kenkyūjo (Kumikomi Shisutemu Gijutsu Renkei Kenkyūtai), 2012.

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Paliwoda, K. The sliding-window protocol in CSP. Oxford: Oxford University, 1988.

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Böttcher, Jörg. Möglichkeiten einer Projektfinanzierung bei CSP-Vorhaben. Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "CSP"

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Shields, Michael W. "Theoretical CSP." In Semantics of Parallelism, 415–51. London: Springer London, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0933-4_28.

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Kohne, Andreas. "CSP-Scheduling." In Cloud-Föderationen, 225–47. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20973-5_11.

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Bundgaard, Mikkel, and Robin Milner. "Unfolding CSP." In Reflections on the Work of C.A.R. Hoare, 213–28. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-912-1_10.

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Zhan, Naijun, Shuling Wang, and Hengjun Zhao. "Hybrid CSP." In Formal Verification of Simulink/Stateflow Diagrams, 71–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47016-0_6.

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Davies, Jim. "Using CSP." In Refinement Techniques in Software Engineering, 64–122. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11889229_3.

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Roscoe, A. W. "Understanding CSP." In Texts in Computer Science, 23–43. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-258-0_2.

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Woodcock, Jim, Andy Wellings, and Ana Cavalcanti. "Mobile CSP." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 39–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29473-5_3.

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Monfroy, Eric, Frédéric Saubion, and Tony Lambert. "Hybrid CSP Solving." In Frontiers of Combining Systems, 138–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11559306_8.

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Ghédira, Khaled, and Bernard Dubuisson. "Foundations of CSP." In Constraint Satisfaction Problems, 1–28. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118574522.ch1.

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Ghédira, Khaled, and Bernard Dubuisson. "CSP Solving Algorithms." In Constraint Satisfaction Problems, 73–98. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118574522.ch3.

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Conference papers on the topic "CSP"

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Olszewski, Jacek. "CSP laboratory." In the twenty-fourth SIGCSE technical symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/169070.169356.

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Miller, Quentin, and Bernard Sufrin. "Eclectic CSP." In the 2000 ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/338407.338575.

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Naydonova, Lyubov. "CSP Proceeding." In Cybersocialization in a pandemic. Institute for Social and Political Psychology National Academy of Educational Science of Ukraine, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33120/cspproceeding-2020issue1.

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Stepchenkov, Y., A. Mukhin, A. Tabakov, D. Mukhin, and A. Kolosov. "Composite Kinematics Corrections for Velocities Analysis on CDP, CSP, CRP Suits in HDS Technology." In IX Annual International Conference and Exhibition - Galperin Readings 2009. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201403181.

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Bilger, Christian, Christoph Klein, Christian Klinkenberg, and Jürgen Müller. "CSP FLEX – NEW CSP CONCEPTS FOR FUTURE MARKET REQUIREMENTS." In 49º Seminário de Laminação. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2594-5297-22622.

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Lbath, Redouane. "CSP Track Report." In 2013 IEEE 22nd International Workshop On Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure For Collaborative Enterprises (WETICE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wetice.2013.5.

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Roggenbach, Markus. "Tools for CSP." In 2008 Sixth IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sefm.2008.39.

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Zheng, Yun, Yuliang Ma, Qizhong Zhang, and Qingshan She. "EEG feature extraction algorithm based on CSP and R-CSP." In 2020 7th International Conference on Information, Cybernetics, and Computational Social Systems (ICCSS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccss52145.2020.9336881.

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Koguchi, Hideo, Nipon Taweejun, Kazuto Nishida, and Chie Sasaki. "Reliability Evaluation of CSP Using New Flip-Chip Bonding Technology: Both-Sided CSP and Single-Sided CSP." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39682.

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Chip-size packaging (CSP) attracts largely attentions due to its lighter, thinner and smaller size. In this study, the deformations and the stresses in the CSP fabricated by non-conductive film stud-bump direct interconnection (NSD) were analyzed. The reliability evaluation of single-sided CSP and both-sided CSP were investigated for heat cycles. The material parameters, i.e. stresses, strains and deformations, for achieving a high reliability of CSP were investigated using a finite element method and experiment. The dependency of the life in single-sided CSP and both-sided CSP on the thicknesses of IC and substrate could be expressed using a normal stress in the thickness direction and shear stress in the vertical cross section, respectively.
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Bihary, Sidharth, Jagadish Koneti, and Suman Roy. "Process conformance using CSP." In the 5th India Software Engineering Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2134254.2134278.

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Reports on the topic "CSP"

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Andraka, Charles E. Sandia - CSP - Dish Technology Assessment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1467167.

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Molnar, Attila, and Ruth Charles. Next Generation Solar Collectors for CSP. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1184309.

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Turchi, Craig S., Matthew Boyd, Devon Kesseli, Parthiv Kurup, Mark S. Mehos, Ty W. Neises, Prashant Sharan, Michael J. Wagner, and Timothy Wendelin. CSP Systems Analysis - Final Project Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1513197.

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Lv, Yongcai, Yanhua Yao, Jingjing Lei, and Tao Tang. The role of cold forceps technique in diminutive colorectal polyps: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0135.

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Review question / Objective: The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and the United States Multi-Society Task Force recommends the use of old snare polypectomy （CSP) for < 10 mm polyps. However, recent randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showed some conflicting results in cold forceps technique including cold forceps polypectomy (CFP) and jumbo forceps polypectomy (JFP) compared with CSP in diminutive colorectal polyps (DCPs) (≤5mm), especially in 1-3mm polyps. Condition being studied: Current studies have some conflicting results in the cold forceps technique vs cold snare technique for diminutive colorectal polyps (≤5mm). This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the cold forceps technique with the cold snare technique in 1-5mm polyps. We evaluated these two techniques in terms of complete resection rate, mean polypectomy time, rate of retrieved polyps, and complication.
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Anderson, Bruce. Brayton-Cycle Baseload Power Tower CSP System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1166984.

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Neises, Ty. System Advisor Model (SAM) Enhancements for CSP. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1505161.

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Armijo, Kenneth Miguel, Luis Garcia Maldonado, Alice Meredith Parsons, Sandra V. Pacheco, Annette E. Chavez, Micaela Galindo, Dimitri Alexander Madden, Charles Andraka, and Paul Gauche. SNL CSP Library Archive Project FY19 Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1574407.

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Turchi, Craig, Samuel Gage, Janna Martinek, Sameer Jape, Ken Armijo, Joe Coventry, John Pye, et al. CSP Gen3: Liquid-Phase Pathway to SunShot. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1807668.

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Singh, D., W. Yu, W. Zhao, T. Kim, D. M. France, and R. K. Smith. High Efficiency Thermal Energy Storage System for CSP. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1500002.

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Pint, Bruce A., and Rishi R. Pillai. Lifetime Model Development for Supercritical CO2 CSP Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1515655.

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