Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CSG'
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Kurdthongmee, Wattanapong. "Coherence in CSG image generation." Thesis, Brunel University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389260.
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Kreitz, Stephan A. "WEB-Approximation auf CSG-Objekten." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-36609.
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Kaddouri, F. "Multi-view editing environment for CSG modelling." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305791.
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Döllner, Jürgen, Florian Kirsch, and Marc Nienhaus. "Visualizing Design and Spatial Assembly of Interactive CSG." Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3377/.
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For interactive construction of CSG models understanding the layout of a model is essential for its efficient manipulation. To understand position and orientation of aggregated components of a CSG model, we need to realize its visible and occluded parts as a whole. Hence, transparency and enhanced outlines are key techniques to assist comprehension. We present a novel real-time rendering technique for visualizing design and spatial assembly of CSG models. As enabling technology we combine an image-space CSG rendering algorithm with blueprint rendering. Blueprint rendering applies depth peeling for extracting layers of ordered depth from polygonal models and then composes them in sorted order facilitating a clear insight of the models. We develop a solution for implementing depth peeling for CSG models considering their depth complexity. Capturing surface colors of each layer and later combining the results allows for generating order-independent transparency as one major rendering technique for CSG models. We further define visually important edges for CSG models and integrate an image-space edgeenhancement technique for detecting them in each layer. In this way, we extract visually important edges that are directly and not directly visible to outline a model’s layout. Combining edges with transparency rendering, finally, generates edge-enhanced depictions of image-based CSG models and allows us to realize their complex, spatial assembly.
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Pentcheva, Maria. "Conversion CSG-BRep de scènes définies par des quadriques." Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00540015.
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L'objet de cette thèse porte sur la conversion d'un modèle CSG vers un modèle BRep d'une scène définie par des quadriques. Cet algorithme est composé de quatre étapes : (i) le paramétrage de chaque courbe d'intersection entre quadriques ; (ii) la détermination des points d'intersection entre au moins trois quadriques ; (iii) la détection des segments ainsi obtenus qui bornent une face du modèle BRep sur chacune des quadriques séparément ; (iv) l'identification et le regroupement des chaînes de segments qui délimitent une même face sur chaque quadrique séparément (certaines faces peuvent avoir des <>, et par conséquent être constituées par au moins deux chaînes de segments). Les deux premières étapes ont été résolues grâce à deux algorithmes de la littérature. Les deux étapes restantes sont traitées par des algorithmes que nous avons conçus : respectivement VE (Visible Edges) et CA (Chains Assembling). Notre algorithme est robuste au sens où tous les cas dégénérés sont traités dans le paradigme du calcul géométrique exact. Il résout intégralement le problème de conversion CSG-BRep de scènes définies par des quadriques. Sa complexité dans le pire des cas s'élève à $O(n^4)$ où $n$ est le nombre de quadriques. Une implantation partielle a été effectuée et des tests préliminaires réalisés.
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Nguyen, Christian. "Modélisation CSG d'objets à trois dimensions formels par contraintes." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE4681.
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Le travail présenté dans cette thèse a pour but de construire un modeleur CSG-BREP permettant la construction interactive exacte d'objets 3D paramétriques. Une étude exhaustive des contraintes géométriques et topologiques, ces dernières créant des contraintes géométriques implicites, adaptées au modèle CSG est ensuite entreprise. Nous montrons comment l'utilisation de telles contraintes peut permettre d'améliorer la convivialité de l'interface grâce à la création de relations de dimension, de position et d'orientation relatives entre les solides. Une part importante du travail a ensuite consisté en l'étude de l'utilisation d'un système de calcul formel pour la résolution symbolique des contraintes. Ceci a nécessité, en particulier, la réalisation d'un module de communication entre MAPLE et le modeleur. L'avantage de cette approche est de permettre de créer des objets paramétriques formels et d'éviter ainsi tous les problèmes d'erreurs liés à l'utilisation, dans les modeleurs traditionnels, d'une arithmétique en virgule flottante. Nous montrons comment une approche orientée-objet facilite la conception d'un tel modeleur en détaillant à la fois les classes d'objet nécessaires pour les objets graphiques, les contraintes et la visualisation. Une interface utilisateur est ensuite présentée, qui cristallise les idées retenues, et démontre la réalité d'une telle approche
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Hall, Richard H. "CSG based automatic mesh generation using multiple element types /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11438.
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Zhang, Dayong. "CSG solid modelling and automatic NC machining of blend surfaces." Thesis, University of Bath, 1986. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379575.
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Januarisya, Atika R. "Sodium impacts of three Queensland soils under CSG water irrigation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/97995/1/Atika_Januarisya_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis contributes to identifying the importance of studying the specific nature of soils pertaining to soil impacts subjected to irrigation with coal seam gas water. Focusing on the sodium impact, changes in soil behaviour as well as the sodium adsorption potential of three Queensland soils were observed and analysed. In doing so, it was found that beneficial reuse of CSG water can be used on agricultural land provided irrigation is carefully managed.
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Barreto, Isaac Moreira. "CÃlculo do Fator-de-Forma exato entre Ãreas Diferencial e Finita Usando CSG." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2826.
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Universidade Federal do CearÃOs mÃtodos de Ray-Tracing e Radiosidade sÃo os principais representantes dos mÃtodos existentes para resolver o problema de iluminaÃÃo global. Em ambos os mÃtodos se faz necessÃrio saber a taxa de transferÃncia de energia luminosa entre duas Ãreas. Essa taxa de transferÃncia, chamada de fator-de-forma, à um dos pontos principais no mÃtodo de Radiosidade e vem sendo usado cada vez com mais frequÃncia em mÃtodos de Ray-Tracing com fontes luminosas de Ãrea finita. Existem vÃrios mÃtodos para o cÃlculo do fator-de-forma, a maioria deles sÃo aproximativos por uma questÃo de desempenho. PorÃm, em casos especÃficos, o trabalho extra para calcular o valor exato do fator-de-forma pode melhorar o desempenho global do mÃtodo. Em geral, nesses casos, o esforÃo necessÃrio para se obter uma aproximaÃÃo aceitÃvel do valor do fator-de-forma supera o esforÃo necessÃrio para calcular o valor exato em si. AlÃm disso, existem situaÃÃes, tais como a renderizaÃÃo nas Ãreas de fronteiras de sombras, em que uma alta precisÃo à mais importante do que um ganho no desempenho. Nessas situaÃÃes, à desejÃvel que o mÃtodo tenha ao seu dispor uma maneira de calcular o valor exato do fator-de-forma. Neste trabalho à apresentado um mÃtodo para calcular o fator-de-forma exato entre uma Ãrea finita e uma Ãrea diferencial que utiliza de tÃcnicas CSG para identificar as Ãreas ocluÃdas do polÃgono emissor.
The Ray-Tracing and Radiosity methods are the main representatives of the method that solve the global illumination problem. In both mthods it is necessary to know the energy tranfer ratio between two areas. This ratio, called form factor, is one of the key concepts in Radiosity methods and is being more frequently used in Ray-Tracing methods with finite area light sources. There are many methods for the computation of the form factor, most of them are approximative due to a matter of performance, but, in some specific cases, the extra computational effort needed to compute the exact value of the form factor can improve the overall performance of the illumination method. In general, in these cases, the computational effort needed to obtain an acceptable approximation of the form factor outweighs the effort necessary to compute the exact value. Furthermore there are situation, for example, shadow boundary shading, in which a high precision is far more important than a performance gain. In this work we present a method to compute the exact form factor between a finite area and a differential area which uses CSG techniques to identify the ooccluded areas of the source.
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Barreto, Isaac Moreira. "Cálculo do Fator-de-Forma exato entre Áreas Diferencial e Finita Usando CSG." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18115.
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BARRETO, Isaac Moreira. Cálculo do Fator-de-Forma exato entre Áreas Diferencial e Finita Usando CSG. 2008. 55 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências, Departamento de Computação, Fortaleza-CE, 2008.Submitted by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-07-01T17:52:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_imbarreto.pdf: 752627 bytes, checksum: 2c1a97d41785e527e97633cc6c7e9756 (MD5)
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The Ray-Tracing and Radiosity methods are the main representatives of the method that solve the global illumination problem. In both mthods it is necessary to know the energy tranfer ratio between two areas. This ratio, called form factor, is one of the key concepts in Radiosity methods and is being more frequently used in Ray-Tracing methods with finite area light sources. There are many methods for the computation of the form factor, most of them are approximative due to a matter of performance, but, in some specific cases, the extra computational effort needed to compute the exact value of the form factor can improve the overall performance of the illumination method. In general, in these cases, the computational effort needed to obtain an acceptable approximation of the form factor outweighs the effort necessary to compute the exact value. Furthermore there are situation, for example, shadow boundary shading, in which a high precision is far more important than a performance gain. In this work we present a method to compute the exact form factor between a finite area and a differential area which uses CSG techniques to identify the ooccluded areas of the source.
Os métodos de Ray-Tracing e Radiosidade são os principais representantes dos métodos existentes para resolver o problema de iluminação global. Em ambos os métodos se faz necessário saber a taxa de transferência de energia luminosa entre duas áreas. Essa taxa de transferência, chamada de fator-de-forma, é um dos pontos principais no método de Radiosidade e vem sendo usado cada vez com mais frequência em métodos de Ray-Tracing com fontes luminosas de área finita. Existem vários métodos para o cálculo do fator-de-forma, a maioria deles são aproximativos por uma questão de desempenho. Porém, em casos específicos, o trabalho extra para calcular o valor exato do fator-de-forma pode melhorar o desempenho global do método. Em geral, nesses casos, o esforço necessário para se obter uma aproximação aceitável do valor do fator-de-forma supera o esforço necessário para calcular o valor exato em si. Além disso, existem situações, tais como a renderização nas áreas de fronteiras de sombras, em que uma alta precisão é mais importante do que um ganho no desempenho. Nessas situações, é desejável que o método tenha ao seu dispor uma maneira de calcular o valor exato do fator-de-forma. Neste trabalho é apresentado um método para calcular o fator-de-forma exato entre uma área finita e uma área diferencial que utiliza de técnicas CSG para identificar as áreas ocluídas do polígono emissor.
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Cevik, Ulus. "Design of an FPGA based parallel architecture processor for displaying CSG volumes and surfaces." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321348.
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Thammachart, Matina. "Corrosion mechanisms of chemically bonded composite sol-gel (CB-CSG) coating systems in aqueous environment." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/145.
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Lin, Jack. "Pre-treatment of coal seam water with coagulation and electrocoagulation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/105358/4/Jack_Lin_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examined innovative methods for pre-treatment of coal seam water. In order to prevent scaling and fouling of downstream reverse osmosis membranes we investigated both electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation using aluminium and iron based electrodes and/or coagulants. Application of electrocoagulation was found to significantly reduce the presence of problematic dissolved species such as silica and also alkaline earth ions which potentially can scale membranes and equipment. Chemical coagulation could also remove dissolved silica from simulated coal seam water samples but was found to be relatively ineffective when treating real coal seam water. The future study of electrocoagulation is worthy in order to determine its applicability to a wider range of coal seam water compositions and to minimise costs of use.
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Stewart, Nigel Timothy, and nigels@nigels com. "An Image-Space Algorithm for Hardware-Based Rendering of Constructive Solid Geometry." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080721.144757.
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A new approach to image-space hardware-based rendering of Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) models is presented. The work is motivated by the evolving functionality and performance of computer graphics hardware. This work is also motivated by a specific industrial application --- interactive verification of five axis grinding machine tool programs. The goal is to minimise the amount of time required to render each frame in an animation or interactive application involving boolean combinations of three dimensional shapes. The Sequenced Convex Subtraction (SCS) algorithm utilises sequenced subtraction of convex objects for the purpose of interactive CSG rendering. Concave shapes must be decomposed into convex shapes for the purpose of rendering. The length of Permutation Embedding Sequences (PESs) used as subtraction sequences are shown to have a quadratic lower bound. In many situations shorter sequences can be used, in the best case linear. Approaches to s ubtraction sequence encoding are presented including the use of object-space overlap information. The implementation of the algorithm is experimentally shown to perform better on modern commodity graphics hardware than previously reported methods. This work also examines performance aspects of the SCS algorithm itself. Overall performance depends on hardware characteristics, the number and spatial arrangement of primitives, and the structure and boolean operators of the CSG tree.
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Bao, Zhuojun. "Rechnerunterstützte Kollisionsprüfung auf der Basis eines B-rep/Polytree/CSG-Hybridmodells in einem integrierten CAD/CAM-System /." Düsseldorf : VDI-Verl, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/319988562.pdf.
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SANTOS, NETO Jayro Januário dos. "CSG Context service guide: uma plataforma ciente de contexto para gerenciamento de serviços num ambiente de redes convergentes." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1642.
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Previous issue date: 2008A convergência digital já é uma realidade nos dias atuais e tem se tornado cada vez mais acessível do ponto de vista tecnológico e econômico. A fusão digital entre a computação, mídias e comunicação, dita uma nova ordem mundial no que tange a evolução tecnológica. E seguindo esta linha em meio as mais variadas formas de tecnologias, os dispositivos móveis têm sido a principal vitrine da convergência digital. Não obstante estarem cada vez menores, estes dispositivos possuem cada vez mais capacidade de processamento, armazenamento, display e conectividade através de múltiplas interfaces de rede, inclusive TV digital. Ao convergir a TV digital para os dispositivos móveis, as características que são inerentes a esta tecnologia são trazidas tanto ao dispositivo, como para o usuário do mesmo. O ESG (Electronic Service Guide), por exemplo, é uma das mais interessantes características da TV digital móvel. Ele oferece ao usuário um bouquet de serviços dos mais variados tipos, que podem ser acessados a qualquer momento e de qualquer lugar. Porém, atualmente os ESGs funcionam como spammers de serviços, pois diferentemente da internet, o método utilizado para a publicação dos serviços é o push. Dessa forma, são oferecidos ao usuário um número considerável de serviços que o mesmo não tem interesse. Além disso, as interfaces de rede do dispositivo são subutilizadas, tanto do ponto de vista de publicação de serviços como em sua utilização como canal de retorno. O custo e disponibilidade associados à rede podem desestimular os usuários a consumir os serviços. Este trabalho investiga a hipótese de que uma vez definida uma plataforma ciente de contexto para o gerenciamento e execução de serviços, estes serão melhor selecionados, exibidos, executados. Além disso, as interfaces de rede e demais recursos do dispositivo serão melhor utilizados, maximizando a qualidade da experiência do usuário. Sendo a plataforma abstrata o suficiente, o desenvolvimento e a publicação de serviços mais complexos serão realizados de forma mais simples e rápida
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Amir-Hussin, Amir A. B. "Heuristic methods for coalition structure generation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/26275.
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The Coalition Structure Generation (CSG) problem requires finding an optimal partition of a set of n agents. An optimal partition means one that maximizes global welfare. Computing an optimal coalition structure is computationally hard especially when there are externalities, i.e., when the worth of a coalition is dependent on the organisation of agents outside the coalition. A number of algorithms were previously proposed to solve the CSG problem but most of these methods were designed for systems without externalities. Very little attention has been paid to finding optimal coalition structures in the presence of externalities, although externalities are a key feature of many real world multiagent systems. Moreover, the existing methods, being non-heuristic, have exponential time complexity which means that they are infeasible for any but systems comprised of a small number of agents. The aim of this research is to develop effective heuristic methods for finding optimal coalition structures in systems with externalities, where time taken to find a solution is more important than the quality of the solution. To this end, four different heuristics methods namely tabu search, simulated annealing, ant colony search and particle swarm optimisation are explored. In particular, neighbourhood operators were devised for the effective exploration of the search space and a compact representation method was formulated for storing details about the multiagent system. Using these, the heuristic methods were devised and their performance was evaluated extensively for a wide range of input data.
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Hinks, Tommy. "Animating Wind-Driven Snow Buildup Using an Implicit Approach." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6967.
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We present a method for stable buildup of snow on surfaces of
arbitrary topology and geometric complexity. This is achieved by
tracing quantities of snow, so-called snow packages,
through a dynamic wind field. Dual compact level sets are used to
represent geometry as well as accumulated snow. The level sets
have also proven to be well suited for the internal boundaries for
our Navier-Stokes solver, which produces a wind field that changes
according to snow buildup. Our method is different from previous
work in that all the addition of snow is done by local operations,
avoiding computationally expensive global refinement procedures.
The main contribution of this work is a dual level set method for
particle interaction with level sets.
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Taulis, Mauricio. "Groundwater characterisation and disposal modelling for coal seam gas recovery." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3104.
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Coal Seam Gas (CSG) is a form of natural gas (mainly methane) sorbed in underground coal deposits. Mining this gas involves drilling a well directly into an underground coal seam, and pumping out the water (CSG water) flowing through it. Presently, CSG is under exploration in New Zealand (NZ); however, there is concern about CSG water disposal in NZ mainly because of the controversy that this activity has generated in some basins in the United States (US). The first part of this thesis studies CSG water from a well in Maramarua (NZ) and compares it to water from US basins. The NZ CSG water from this well had high pH (7.8), alkalinity in the order of 360 mg/l as CaCO₃, high sodium (334 mg/l), bicarbonate (435 mg/l), and chloride (146 mg/l). These ions also occur in US CSG waters, and their concentrations follow the same trend - high sodium, bicarbonate, and chloride with low calcium, magnesium, and sulphate concentrations. Prior to this work, little detailed analyses of CSG water quality variability from a well had been carried out. A Factor Analysis of 33 Maramarua samples was conducted and revealed that about one third of the variations were due to sample degassing, which induced calcium carbonate precipitation - this was supported by experimental work (sample sparging) and geochemical modelling (MINTEQA2). This finding is important for CSG water management because, as calcium concentrations decrease, higher SAR values are generated, and this can cause problems if CSG waters are disposed on land. In the second part, this thesis assesses the potential environmental effects of disposing CSG waters in NZ by formulating management options and a simple wastewater treatment system. This was carried out by studying the ecological response (soils, plant, and aquatic life) resulting from CSG water disposal operations in the US, and by applying relevant salinity and sodicity guidelines to the interaction between soils and CSG waters from Maramarua. This work showed that similar problems are likely to occur in NZ if CSG water disposal takes place without proper controls. Such a study has never been carried out in a region before actual CSG development has taken place, so this work shows how to quantify the effects arising from CSG water disposal prior to full scale production. This can be particularly useful for CSG stakeholders wanting to develop this resource in other regions around the world. A simple treatment system using Ngakuru zeolites has proven effective in reducing the SAR of Maramarua CSG water. Laboratory results indicate that these zeolites work by exchanging sodium cations in the water by other cations contained within the zeolite structure but with slow ion exchange kinetics. The calculated sodium absorption capacity for these natural zeolites ranged from 11.3 meq/100g to 16.7 meq/100g (flow-through conditions without previous regeneration). In addition, these experiments showed that the ion exchange process is accompanied by some dissolution (sulphate, boron, TOC, sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and reactive silica), but mainly at the beginning of the treatment process. Nevertheless, using this system, 180 grams of zeolite material were used to treat an initial 1.83 litres of Maramarua CSG water thus reducing potential soil infiltration problems to nil. As more CSG water was treated, the zeolites kept reducing SAR values but at a lesser rate until 4.53 litres of CSG water had been treated. A step-by-step methodology to assess treatment design options for these materials has been developed and will aid future researchers and engineers. This thesis presents the first comprehensive study of CSG water management in NZ. It also presents an ion exchange treatment system using natural zeolites already available in NZ. In conclusion, the research finds that, whether through adequate management or active treatment, CSG waters can be safely disposed without creating major environmental problems, and can even be used in beneficial applications.
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Rusek, David. "Syntaktická analýza založená na automatech s hlubokými zásobníky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-255351.
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This paper addresses the issue of design and implementation of syntactic analysis based on the context sensitive languages, respectively, grammars that contains constructs, which isn't possible to analyze with the help of the standard parsers based on the context free grammars. More specifically, this paper deals with the possibility of adding context sensitive support to the classic LL-analysis by replacing the standard pushdown automata (PDA) with deep pushdown automata (DP), which were introduced and published by prof. Alexander Meduna.
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Roženský, Mário. "Minimalistický objektově orientovaný "ray tracer"." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235869.
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This thesis brings an overview about scene rendering using the ray tracing method. It describes aspects used when creating the application which uses this method such as intersection computation, lighting and shading models etc. It also describes the basic algorithm used for rendering one frame. Each class of the object oriented design is described. There is also detail explanation what is the purpose of the each class in the model and what are the most important used methods. The work also contains demonstration application showing the usage of model in practice.
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Zhou, Zexing. "Engineering design of thermochemical energy storage system to provide hot water suitable for membrane distillation operation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/208079/1/Zexing_Zhou_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis used Computational Fluid Dynamic Software Ansys Fluent to evaluate the design of a Zeolite 13X based Thermochemical Energy Storage System. The system is designed to provide constant hot water supply during night-time for a solar Membrane Distillation (MD) system. It overcomes the intermittent nature of solar energy to provide a sustainable energy solution for mining water treatment in Australia. The utilization of CFD also proposed a method to predict the performance of a designed TES which estimated the critical configurations such as optimal charging/discharging flow rate, temperature, relative humidity, and pipe arrangement configuration, etc.
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Wassermann, Benjamin Paul Thomas [Verfasser], Ernst [Akademischer Betreuer] Rank, Alexander [Gutachter] Düster, Ernst [Gutachter] Rank, and Kai-Uwe [Gutachter] Bletzinger. "Direct simulation on geometric representations with the finite cell method : Flawed B-reps, CSG models, and V-reps for functionally graded materials / Benjamin Paul Thomas Wassermann ; Gutachter: Alexander Düster, Ernst Rank, Kai-Uwe Bletzinger ; Betreuer: Ernst Rank." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1231995092/34.
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Omolo, Lilian, and Maria Dicheva. ""To Upgrade or Not to Upgrade?" : A comparative study of Adobe CS5 & CS6 software." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-78254.
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Abstract For a long time, human beings have believed that only the best of the best is what counts as quality. This has led to a consumer mentality where as soon as a new or an upgraded version of a product comes out, everybody rushes to get it without hesitating. This has resulted in producers rushing to produce new products in order to be able to compete with the rest, and to maintain their stronghold in the market. It has therefore become more and more difficult for us to keep up with the fast changing technology, which is steered by the need to make a quick buck (the suppliers) and the need to be in with the times (users). The questions we are trying to answer in this document are: Is it really necessary to upgrade or buy the new item? What value does it add to our lives when we upgrade? Is there a significant improvement to the product that warrants us getting the newer or latest version? Through our user study, we try to bring out a clear distinction between the different versions of the same product, that will give a clearer understanding of the idea behind the upgrade and our need to have it. Thus we want to help people to make the right decision in considering of buying a new software. The results that we got showed that the latest and the greatest is not always the best, and in some cases it might be better to just stick to the older version than getting the newer.
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Åkerberg, Emma, and Moberg Sara Abrahamsen. "Är autenticitet nyckeln till lönsam CSR? : En kvantitativ studie på 525 publika bolag under en tioårsperiod." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24215.
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Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka om autentisk CSR leder till större lönsamhet än opportunistisk CSR. Metod: I föreliggande studie antas en positivistisk forskningsfilosofi med en hypotetisk-deduktiv ansats. Studien är kvantitativ och sekundärdata har samlats in från databasen Thomson Reuters Datastream. En longitudinell design har använts där data som sträcker sig över tio år har inhämtats för studiens urval om 525 publika bolag, inhämtad data har analyserats statistiskt. Resultat & slutsats: Studiens resultat visar att en positiv relation mellan CSR och finansiell prestation föreligger. Av studien framgår även att autentisk CSR kan ha större påverkan på det finansiella resultatet än opportunistiskt beroende på vilka variabler för autenticitet som används. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Föreliggande studie är av longitudinell design och sträcker sig över tio år. En studie som undersöker en kortare period kan vara intressant för vidare forskning då detta kan innebära ett större urval av bolag. Forskning som vidareutvecklar begreppet autenticitet och autentisk CSR konceptuellt och hur detta kan mätas är även något som vidare forskning kan fokusera på. Uppsatsens bidrag: Ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv bidrar studien till redovisningslitteraturen genom att diskutera om autentisk CSR leder till bättre finansiell prestation, via genomförda mätningar avseende autenticitet i relation till CSR och utvecklingen av hur detta kan operationaliseras. Ur ett praktiskt perspektiv bidrar föreliggande studie till ökad förståelse för företag om vikten av att verka autentiskt i sitt CSR-arbete.Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate whether authentic CSR leads to greater profitability than opportunistic CSR. Method: In this study, a positivistic researchphilosophy is assumed with a hypothetical deductive approach. The study is quantitative and secondary data has beencollected from the Thomson Reuters Datastream. A longitudinal design has been used where data covering ten years has been obtained for the study's selection of 525 public companies, collected data has been statistically analyzed. Result & Conclusions: The results show that when a company pursues authentic CSR the positive effect of its CSR initiatives on company performance is stronger than for those who pursues opportunistic CSR, however the result depends on the variables used to measure authenticity. Suggestions for future research: The present study is of longitudinal design and extends over ten years. A study that examines a shorter period may be interesting for further research as this may obtain a larger selection of companies. Research that further develops the concept of authenticity and authentic CSR conceptually and how this can be measured is also something that further research can focus on. Contribution of the thesis: From a theoretical perspective this study contributes to the accounting literature by discussing whether authentic CSR leads to better financial performance, as well as through completed measurements regarding authenticity in relation to CSR and the development of how this can be operationalized. From a practical perspective, the present study contributes to increased understanding for companies about the importance of acting authentically in their CSR work.
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Boman, Josefin, and Patrik Lindström. "Lönar sig socialt ansvarstagande? : En kvantitativ studie på 211 företag noterade på Stockholmsbörsen." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21663.
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Syfte: Det föreligger ett lagförslag som kan komma att ställa krav på omkring 2000 svenska företag vad det gäller redovisning inom Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), en redovisning som idag ännu är frivillig. Denna studies huvudsakliga syfte är att undersöka om det finns någon relation mellan sådan redovisning och fööetags finansiella prestation. I forskningen kring denna relation har begreppet Corporate Social Performance (CSP) använts för att kvantifiera redovisad CSR. Relationen studeras dels utifrån ett samlat mått på CSP, dels separat utifrån de två dimensionerna miljö och mänskliga rättigheter. Metod: Föreliggande studie har utgått ifrån den positivistiska forskningsfilosofin och antagit en hypotetiskt-deduktiv ansats. Vidare har den strategi som antagits varit kvantitativ, där en tvärsnittsdesign använts och där data som samlats in uteslutande varit av sekundär art. Studiens urval uppgår till 211 företag noterade på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. Den data som använts som måttåå CSP har hämtats från Folksams index för ansvarsfullt företagande för år 2013. Måtten på finansiell prestation har hämtats från årsredovisningar för räkenskapsåret 2013, vilka erhållits genom databasen Retriever och företagens egna hemsidor. Vidare har all data behandlats i statistikprogrammet SPSS där den analyserats med hjälp av multipla regressionsanalyser. Resultat & slutsats: Studien visade att det fanns en positiv relation mellan CSP och företags finansiella prestation. Studien gav vidare stöd åt en relation både utifrån det totala måttet av CSP samt dimensionen miljö. CSR-arbete kan följaktligen anses vara en värdeskapande strategi om man ser till företags finansiella prestation, i synnerhet vad det gäller miljörelaterat arbete. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Föreliggande studie är av tvärsnittsdesign vilket ibland kritiserats för att vara otillräcklig när relationen som är central i detta arbete studeras. Ett förslag vi lämnar till fortsatta studier är därför att göra en liknande studie över tid för att kunna kartlägga förändringar. Vidare anser vissa forskare att det inte är tillräckligt att mäta företags finansiella prestation endast genom redovisningsmässiga mått, varpå ett förslag är att undersöka samma relation och då även inkludera marknadsmässiga mått. Vi tar i kapitel 5.4 upp fler förslag till vidare forskning. Uppsatsens bidrag: Denna studie bidrar med ytterligare kunskap kring de varierande resultaten av relationen mellan företags CSP och finansiella prestation. Vidare bidrar studien praktiskt till en ökad förståelse för hur CSP påverkar företags finansiella prestation i en svensk kontext.Aim: The Swedish ministry of justice has submitted a legislative proposal that could require about 2000 Swedish companies to report Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), something that today is voluntary. The main purpose of the study is to investigate whether there is any relationship between reported CSR and corporate financial performance. In this area of research, Corporate Social Performance (CSP) has been used to quantify reported CSR. The relationship is studied partly based on an aggregate measure of CSP, but also from the two dimensions environment and human rights. Method: The study is based in positivist research philosophy and adopts a hypothetical-deductive approach. The strategy adopted is quantitative, using a cross-sectional design and secondary data only. The study's sample amounts to 211 companies listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. The data used as a measure of CSP is taken from Folksam’s index for corporate responsibility for 2013. The measures of financial performance is taken from the annual reports for the financial year of 2013, obtained through the database Retriever and the companies' own websites. Furthermore, all data is processed in SPSS where it was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results & conclusions: The study showed that there was a positive relationship between CSP and corporate financial performance. The study provided further support for a relationship both from the overall dimension of CSP and the environmental dimension. CSR-related work can therefore be regarded as a value-creating strategy in terms of the company's financial performance, particularly in terms of environment-related work. Suggestions for further research: This study has a cross-sectional design, which is sometimes criticized for being insufficient when the relationship between CSP and financial performance is studied. One suggestion we leave for further studies is to do a similar study over time to identify changes. Furthermore, some researchers believe that it’s not enough to measure the company's financial performance only through accounting-based measures. Therefore, another suggestion is to investigate the relationship including market-based measures. In chapter 5.4 more suggestions for further research are presented. Contributions of the thesis: This study contributes more knowledge to the varying results of the relationship between companies CSP and financial performance. Furthermore, the study's practical contribution is to give a better understanding of how CSP affects financial performance of companies in a Swedish context.
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Alagic, Amra, and Emelie Anthonsen. "Socialt ansvarstagande : En studie kring arbete med CSR inom detaljhandeln ochhur media kritiskt granskar detta." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-11357.
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Organisationers sociala ansvarstagande har på senare tid blivit allt mer uppmärksammat, speciellt inom detaljhandeln. CSR-arbete har blivit viktigt för samhället vilket påverkar verksamheters arbete med detta. Således har även medierapporteringen beträffande deras sociala ansvarstagande ökat. Hur kan detta påverka organisationerna och deras rapportering kring socialt ansvarstagande? I samband med att CSR har blivit ett välkänt begrepp som allt fler verksamheter arbetar med har även begreppet CSI vuxit fram. Det handlar om att organisationer arbetar på ett ansvarslöst sätt i syfte att uppnå legitimitet. Företag är beroende av sina intressenter som i sin tur kan påverkas av media. Det ligger alltså i deras intresse att förmedla en positiv bild till sin omvärld och kan göra det genom att bland annat upprätta hållbarhetsredovisningar. Syftet med denna studie var att bidra med kunskap kring hur ett publikt företag med många intressenter arbetar med socialt ansvarstagande och hur de påverkas av medias rapportering angående det. Vi har utfört en kvalitativ studie där vi analyserat 15 hållbarhetsrapporter som upprättats av H&M mellanåren 2002–2016. Det har vi gjort med hjälp av en innehållsanalys där vi utformat ett kodningsschema. Vi valde att söka på centrala begrepp och undersökte hur många gånger dessa förekom i H&Ms hållbarhetsrapporter. Vi har även analyserat medias rapportering gällande företagets sociala ansvarstagande. Vår teoretiska referensram består av forskningsom behandlar begreppen CSR, CSI, intressenter, legitimitet, hållbarhetsrapportering samt media. Vi presenterar en analysmodell som fungerade som en utgångspunkt då vi med hjälp av denna satte vår empiri i förhållande till den teoretiska referensramenoch har därefter fört en diskussion kring detta. Empirin består av vårt utformade kodningsschema samt material som är hämtat från media och H&Ms hemsida. Tillsammans med den teoretiska referensramen utgör dessa grunden för vår diskussion och slutsats. Vår huvudsakliga slutsats är att organisationens hållbarhetsrapportering främst påverkas av intressenternas krav och önskemål. Vi har inte kunnat identifiera en större påverkan från medias sida på verksamhetens rapportering gällande CSR vilket styrker detta påstående.Corporate social responsibility has recently become increasingly important, especially in the retailing sector. It has also become more important to the society which affects how organisations choose to work with this. Therefore, media reporting on corporate social responsibility has also increased. How can this affect organisations and their CSR-reporting? Corporate social responsibility has become a well-known concept that corporations have adapted, a consequence of this is that the concept of CSI has emerged. This means that corporations are working in an irresponsible manner to achieve legitimacy. Organisations are dependent on their stakeholders, which in turn may be affected by the media. Thus, it is in the interest of businesses to convey a positive image to the society, which can be done by producing sustainability reports. The purpose of this essay was to contribute with knowledge about how a public organisation with many stakeholders workswith CSR and how they are affected by the media's reporting regarding this. We have conducted a qualitative study where we analysed 15 sustainability reports produced by H&M between 2002-2016. We have done this by conducting a content analysis where we developed a coding scheme. We searched for key concepts and examined how many times these occurred in the sustainability reports. We also analysed the media reporting on H&M's corporate social responsibility. Our theoretical framework consists of research that addressed the concepts CSR, CSI, stakeholders, legitimacy, sustainability reportingand media. We also present an analysis model that served as a starting point, with this weput our empirical data in relation to the theoretical framework and afterwards we conductedan analysis based on this. Our empirical study consists of our coding scheme and material from media and H&M's website. This, together with the theoretical framework, forms the basis of our discussion and conclusions. Our main conclusion was that the corporations' sustainability reporting is primarily influenced by the demands of stakeholders. We have not been able to identify a greater impact from the media regarding the organisations sustainability reports, which reinforces this statement.
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Enrech, López Raquel. "Síntesis y estudio de nuevos agentes de solvatación quiral polifuncionales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/83970.
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La presente Tesis doctoral se centra en la separación enantioselectiva, desarrollando nuevos agentes de solvatación quiral (CSA) y nuevas fases estacionarias quirales (CSP).
En una primera parte de la Tesis se sintetizaron compuestos antracénicos trifuncionales como el 1,8,10-tribromoantraceno y 10-bromo-α,α’-bistrifluorometil-1,8-antracenedimetanol, que permiten la síntesis de CSAs trifuncionales o el anclaje a una fase estacionaria, para una posterior aplicación en HPLC quiral.
Otro apartado de esta Tesis se ha centrado en la síntesis de nuevos CSAs tipo pinza molecular, dónde se ha realizado un estudio estructural mediante RMN. Se han ensayado sus capacidades enantiodiferenciadoras con diferentes solutos, obteniendo resultados diversos y se han estudiado los complejos CSA-soluto formados. Se ha comprobado que en algunos de los casos, la rigidez del CSA no ha permitido realizar la función “pinza”, obteniendo pobres resultados en el enantioreconocimiento, pero en otros casos, hemos comprobado que el enantioreconocimiento es espectacular cuando el soluto contiene un grupo amino, y el CSA tiene o un grupo amino o nitro, permitiendo otro punto de interacción entre el CSA y el soluto. En estos casos, la estequiometria del complejo CSA:soluto es de 1:2, en vez de 1:1 como es lo habitual.
El último apartado de esta Tesis se ha centrado en la síntesis de nuevas fases estacionarias quirales (CSP) tipo Brush. El objetivo era preparar una CSP con terminaciones en pinza molecular. La primera CSP sintetizada no se consiguió obtener la terminación deseada, por eso se planteó preparar otra CSP que contuviera el CSA isoftalato de ABTE, quedándonos a un paso de su preparación completa.This thesis focuses on the enantioselective separation, developing new chiral solvating agents (CSA) and new chiral stationary phases (CSP). In the first part of the thesis, there were synthesized trifunctional compounds such as 1,8,10-tribromoanthracene and 10-bromo-α,α'-bistrifluorometyl-1,8-anthracenedimethanol, allowing the synthesis of trifunctional CSAs or anchor these compounds in stationary phases for a subsequent application in chiral HPLC. Another section of this thesis, the molecular tweezers were synthesized and characterized by NMR. Enantiodiscrimination capabilities have been tested with different solutes, obtaining different results. We also have studied the CSA-solute complexes formed. In some cases, the rigidity of the CSA has not permitted the tweezers function, obtaining poor results in chiral recognition, but in other cases, we found that this chiral recognition was spectacular when the solute contains an amino group and the CSA has a nitro or amino group, allowing another point of interaction between the CSA and solute. In these cases, the stoichiometry of the complex CSA:solute is 1:2 rather than 1:1 as usual. The last section of this thesis was focused on the synthesis of new chiral stationary phases (CSP) type Brush. The aim was to prepare a CSP with molecular tweezers terminations. The first CSP synthesized I didn’t achieve my goal, as it didn’t have tweezers terminations, so another CSP was prepared containing the ABTE isophthalate, staying one step away from full preparation.
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Excoffier, Thierry. "Construction géométrique de solides et accélération des algorithmes de lancer de rayons." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10164.
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Les méthodes d'accélération liées à la technique du lancer de rayons sont étudiées. Présentation d'outils de manipulation d'arbres CSG et d'une expansion des objets pris en compte. Différents modèles géométriques ainsi que les méthodes de visualisation associées sont proposées
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Wrench, Karen Lee. "CSP-i : an implementation of CSP." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003124.
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CSP (Communicating Sequential Processes) is a notation proposed by Hoare, for expressing process communication and synchronization. Although this notation has been widely acclaimed, Hoare himself never implemented it as a computer language. He did however produce the necessary correctness proofs and subsequently the notation has been adopted (in various guises) by the designers of other concurrent languages such as Ada and occam. Only two attempts have been made at a direct and precise implementation of CSP. With closer scrutiny, even these implementations are found to deviate from the specifications expounded by Hoare, and in so doing restrict the original proposal. This thesis comprises two main sections. The first of these includes a brief look at the primitives of concurrent programming, followed by a comparative study of the existing adaptations of CSP and other message passing languages. The latter section is devoted to a description of the author's attempt at an original implementation of the notation. The result of this attempt is the creation of the CSP-i language and a suitable environment for executing CSP-i programs on an IBM PC. The CSP-i implementation is comparable with other concurrent systems presently available. In some aspects, the primitives featured in CSP-i provide the user with a more efficient and concise notation for expressing concurrent algorithms than several other message-based languages, notably occam.KMBT_363
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Ribeiro-Fleury, Tatiana. "Evaluation in vitro de la fonction hématopoïétique des cellules souches mésenchymateuses médullaires au cours de leur différenciation." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR3305/document.
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Les cellules sanguines proviennent d’une cellule souche hématopoïétique (CSE), présente dans la moelle osseuse chez l’homme adulte, qui nécessite d’être en contact étroit avec une zone particulière du microenvironnement médullaire (appelée niche hématopoïétique) pour sa différenciation et son autorenouvellement. La nature exacte des cellules qui composent cette niche (appelée cellules stromales) n’est pas encore bien connue, en particulier concernant sa relation avec les cellules souches mésenchymateuses (CSM). Le but de cette thèse a été d’étudier le rôle des CSM dans la régulation de l’hématopoïèse en fonction de leur type et leur stade de différenciation mésenchymateuse et d’évaluer leur rôle dans la migration des progéniteurs hématopoïétique (PH). Nous montrons que les CSM non différenciées possèdent la capacité de soutien de l’hématopoïèse primitive la plus importante (par culture à long terme pendant 5 semaines) et que cette capacité est rapidement perdue dès 3 jours de différenciation adipogénique, otéogénique et vasculaire musculaire lisse. Par ailleurs, nous montrons que le G-CSP agit directement sur les CSM pour augmenter la migration des CSH/PH hors de la niche (par un test de migration trans-stromale) via un mécanisme MMP-2 dépendantBlood cells arise from a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), present into bone marrow (3M) in adult humans, which needs close contacts with a special zone of 3M micro environment (named hematopoietic niche) for its differentiation and self’-renewal. The precise nature of the niche-forming cells (named stromale cells) are not yet well known, particularly in their relationship with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The aim of the study was to investigate further the role of the MSCs in the hematopoiesis control according to their differentiation pathway and state and to evaluate their role in the migration process of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPÇ,[ We show that non-differentiated MSCs display the best hematopoietic supporting activity (using 5-week long term cultures) that is completely lost after in vitro differentiation into adipocytes, osteoblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells. In addition, we show that G-CSP stimulation of 3M MSCs promotes HSC/HPC migration (using trans-stromal migration assay) via a MMP-2-dependent mechanism
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Hollström, Sara, and Emilia Törnqvist. "Kulturens modererande effekt på sambandet mellan andelen kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och CSP : En kvantitativ studie på 673 börsnoterade företag i Europa." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29153.
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Syfte: I takt med att konsumenter och övriga intressenters medvetenhet ökar ställs det högre krav på företagens sociala prestation (CSP) för att de ska förbli framgångsrika. Dessa ökade krav har bidragit till nya restriktioner och lagar om rapportering av icke-finansiell information, för vilken företagens styrelse är ansvariga. De ökade kraven på rapportering innebär även att vissa större företag ska rapportera om mångfald. Denna studie syftar undersöka sambandet mellan andelen kvinnor i styrelsen och CSP samt huruvida nationella kulturella särdrag har en modererande effektpå sambandet. Metod: Studien tillämpar en positivistisk forskningsfilosofi med en hypotetisk-deduktiv ansats. Studien har en kvantitativ forskningsstrategi och en longitudinell forskningsdesign som genomförts med data för sexårsperioden 2012-2017 för 673 publika europeiska företag. Studien bygger på sekundärdata som hämtats från databasen Thomson Reuters Datastream, som sedan analyserats i statistikprogrammet IBM SPSS. Resultat & slutsats: Studiens resultat visar att det finns ett positivt samband mellan andelen kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och CSP, samt att nationella kulturella särdrag har en modererande effekt på detta samband. Resultatet indikerar att kvinnors påverkan i styrelsen när det kommer till CSR-aktiviteter påverkas av nationella kulturella särdrag. Examensarbetets bidrag: Denna studie bidrar ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv till den företagsekonomiska forskningen genom att undersöka nationella kulturella särdrags effekt på sambandet mellan andelen kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och CSP och därmed öka kunskapen kring ämnet. Denna studie bidrar med praktiskt viktig information för företag som vill förbättra sin sociala prestation. Förslag till vidare forskning: Vi har i denna studie endast undersökt kulturens modererande effekt på sambandet mellan andelen kvinnor i styrelsen och total CSP. Det vore intressant att se effekten på respektive dimension av CSP för att kunna avgöra om det är någon skillnad mellan dem. Det finns även möjlighet att genomföra en liknande studie men där länder från fler världsdelar inkluderas.Aim: As the awareness of consumers and other stakeholders increases, higher demands on Corporate Social Performance (CSP) are required to keep the companies successful. These increased requirements have contributed to new restrictions and law on reporting non-financial information, for which corporate governance is responsible. The increased reporting requirement also mean that some major companies should report on their diversity. This study aims at investigating the relationship between female board members and CSP as well as whether national cultural features have a moderating effect on the relationship. Method: The study applies a positivistic research philosophy with a hypothetical-deductible approach. The study has a quantitative research strategy and a longitudinal research design carried out with data for the six-year period 2012-2017 for 673 public European companies. The study is based on secondary data retrieved from the Thomson Reuters Datastream, which is then analyzed in the IBM SPSS statistics program. Result & Conclusion: The studys results show that there is a positive link between female board members and CSP, and that national cultural features have a moderating effect on this relationship. The result indicates that women's power in the board when it comes to CSR activities is influenced by national cultural features. Contribution of the thesis: This study contributes from a theoretical perspective to business research by examining the impact of national cultural features on the relationship between female board members and CSP, thereby increasing knowledge about the subject. This study provides practically important information for companies that want to improve their social performance. Suggestion for future research: In this study, we have studied only the moderating effect of cultural on the relationship between female board members and total CSP. It would be interesting to see the effect on the respective dimension of CSP in order to determine if there is any difference between them. There is also the possibility of conducting a similar study but including countries from more continents.
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Wagner, Moritz. "CpG Oligonukleotide:." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-74172.
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Bailie, Karen Elizabeth Margaret. "G-CSF and GM-CSF : effects on neonatal neutrophils." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.482043.
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Norouzi, Nadia, and Elin Tolf. "Det interna ägandets påverkan på relationen mellan socialt ansvarstagande och finansiell prestation : En kvantitativ studie på 513 st företag som arbetar med socialt ansvar i Europa." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23508.
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Syfte: Då tidigare forskning har visat varierande och motsägelsefulla resultat vad gäller relationen mellan CSP och finansiell prestation, skapar det en förståelse för att andra variabler påverkar relationen. Syftet med följande studie är att undersöka om och hur graden av internt ägande påverkar relationen mellan socialt ansvar och finansiell prestation. Metod: Denna studie har utifrån en positivistisk forskningsfilosofi, med en deduktiv ansats, antagit en kvantitativ forskningsstrategi. En tvärsnittsdesign har utförts där enbart sekundärdata har tillämpats som hämtats från Thomson Reuters Datastream. Analysering av sekundärdata har utförts genom deskriptiv statistik och multipla regressionsanalyser i statistikprogrammet SPSS. Resultat & slutsats: Resultatet indikerar att det inte är möjligt att visa hur graden av internt ägande påverkar relationen mellan socialt ansvar och finansiell prestation. Studien visar däremot att det föreligger en negativ relation mellan företags arbete med socialt ansvar och finansiell prestation (ROA och Tobin’s Q), samt mellan socialt ansvar och internt ägande. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Förslag till framtida forskning är framförallt att fortsätta på den nya unika forskningsinriktningen som följande studie belyst, genom att studera hur graden av internt ägande påverkar relationen mellan CSR och finansiell prestation (läs fler förslag under avsnitt 6.5 Förslag till vidare forskning). Uppsatsens bidrag: Studien bidrar med mer empiriskt material till variationerna som tidigare forskning framställt gällande relationen mellan CSP och finansiell prestation, samt relationen mellan internt ägande och CSP. Studien har även bidragit till en ny forskningsinriktning gällande de interna ägarnas påverkan på relationen mellan socialt ansvar och finansiell prestation.Purpose: Since previous research has shown diverse and contradictory results regarding the relationship between CSP and financial performance, it creates an understanding that other variables may affect the relationship. The purpose of the study is to examine whether and how the level of insider ownership affects the relationship between social responsibility and financial performance. Method: This study was based on a positivistic research philosophy, with a deductive approach and adopted a quantitative research strategy. A cross-sectional design has been carried out using only secondary data that was collected from Thomson Reuters Datastream. The secondary data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis in SPSS. Results & Conclusions: The result wasn’t able to show how the level of insider ownership affects the relationship between social responsibility and financial performance. However, the study showed that there is a negative relationship between the social responsibility and financial performance (ROA and Tobin’s Q), as well as between social responsibility and insider ownership. Suggestions for further research: Suggestions submitted to future research is to continue on the new unique research approach that this study has shed light on, by studying how the level of insider ownership affects the relationship between CSR and financial performance (read more suggestions under section 6.5 Suggestions for further research). Contributions of the thesis: The study provides more empirical data to the varying results that previous researchers has shown in attempt to examine the relationship between CSP and financial performance, and the relationship between insider ownership and CSP. The study has also contributed to a new research area regarding the insider ownership and how they influence the relationship between social responsibility and financial performance.
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Marmier-Savet, Caroline. "Etude de l'impact de la mobilisation des cellules souches périphériques (CSP) mobilisées par le facteur de croissance des granulocytes (G-CSF) sur les donneurs sains et les receveurs après allogreffe de CSP à conditionnement non myélo-ablatif." Besançon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BESA0025.
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La greffe de Cellules Souches Hématopoïétiques (CSH) représente une alternative thérapeutique majeure dans le traitement de certaines hémopathies. Les CSH peuvent être obtenues par mobilisation des cellules souches périphériques (CSP) sanguines par le facteur de croissance des granuleux : le G-CSF. Les effets immunologiques de la mobilisation par G-CSF à court terme chez le donneur sont connus, en revanche, ses effets à long terme le sont moins. Nous avons réalisé une étude sur 24 donneurs afin d'observer les altérations induites par cette mobilisation. Des échantillons sanguins sont prélevés avant, au moment et 1, 3, 6 et 12 mois après la mobilisation. Le nombre de certaines cellules sanguines et de leur capacité à produire des cytokines ou des immunoglobines sont perturbés par la mobilisation mais retrouve des valeurs normales 3 à 6 mois après. En revanche, la mobilisation par G-CSF est associée avec une aneuploidie des cellules CD34- persistante au delà de 6 mois post-mobilisation. Le risque à long terme de l'administration de G-CSF devra être plus amplement étudié. La transplantation de CSP après conditionnement d'intensité réduite entraine moins de toxicité immédiate. Nous avons étudié plusieurs paramètres post-greffe de 20 receveurs. La prise de greffe était rapide, le nombre de cellules CD8 est revenu à une valeur normale 4 mois après greffe alors que la reconstitution des cellules CD4 est beaucoup plus lente. Plusieurs résultats (nombre de TREC, nombre de cellules mémoires. . . ) montrent que ce type de greffe favorise une reconstitution par expansion périphérique des cellules T qui avec d'autres cellules peuvent limiter la survenue d'infectons post-transplantationThe hematopoietic stem cells represent a major therapeutic alternative in the treatment of some disease. The hematopoietic stem cell can be obtained by mobilization of the peripheral stem cells blood (CSP) by the growth factor of the granulocyte : the G-CSF. The short-term immunological effects of the mobilization by G-CSF at the donor are known, on the other hand, the long-term effects are it less. We realized a study on 24 donors to observe the alteration inferred by this mobilization. Blood samples are taken, before, at the moment and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the mobilization. The number of certain blood cells and their capacity to produce cytokines or immunoglobulins are perturbed by the mobilization but find normal values 3 in 6 months later. On the other hand, the mobilization by G-CSF is associated with a persistent aneuploidy of CD34- cells beyond 6 months post-mobilization. The long-term risk of the administration of G-CSF must be more amply studied. The peripheral stem cells transplantation after reduced-intensy conditioning regimen lead to less immediate toxicity. We studied several parameters post-graft of 20 recipients. The engrafment was fast, the counts of CD8 cells came back to a normal value 4 months after graft while the reconstruction of CD4 cells is much slower. Several results (number of TREC, number of memory's cells. . . ) show that this type of graft facilitates a reconstruction by peripheral expansion of T cells which the other cells can limit the incidence of severe infection post-graft
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Bergquist, Gustav, and Pelle Sandström. "Är det lönsamt att investera i CSR? : Förhållandet mellan Corporate Social Performance och Corporate Financial Performance." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355085.
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Denna studie undersöker det finansiella värdeskapandet av CSR-aktiviteter genom att studera förhållandet mellan Corporate Social Performance (CSP) och Corporate Financial Performance (CFP). I enlighet med The CSP-CFP multilevel framework studeras ett avgränsat CSP-CFP samband med utgångspunkt i svenska konsumenter. Vidare undersöker studien den modererande effekten av företagsstorlek på det undersökta CSP-CFP sambandet. Av resultatet framkommer ett signifikant positivt CSP-CFP förhållande för CSR-aktiviteter riktade mot svenska konsumenter. Av resultatet framkommer även ett signifikant starkare positivt CSP-CFP samband för små svenska företag jämfört med för stora svenska företag. Resultatet bidrar till en ökad förståelse av CSP-CFP förhållandet på den svenska marknaden avgränsat för intressentgruppen konsumenter. Framtida forskning kan med fördel, genom kvalitativa metoder, undersöka de underliggande faktorerna som påverkar det finansiella värdeskapandet av CSR-aktiviteter riktade mot konsumenter.
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Cabrera, Hallberg Daniel, and Jonathan Salmonsson. "Sambandet mellan företags sociala ansvarstagande och lönsamhet : En kvantitativ studie om sambandet mellan den sociala och finansiella prestationen." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23431.
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Syfte: Syftet med studien är att utreda om det finns något samband mellan företags finansiella prestation och hur företagen betygsätts utifrån deras engagemang i aktiviteter som rör företagens sociala ansvarstaganden. Metod: Denna studie har utifrån en positivistisk forskningsfilosofi antagit en deduktiv ansats med hypoteser samt en kvantitativ forskningsdesign med en paneldatametod i form av tvärsnittsdesign. Denna typ av forskningsdesign användes för att samla in sekundärdata från flera år. Studiens population uppgår till 171 företag och urvalet till 130 börsnoterade företag på Stockholmsbörsen. Sekundärdata för CSP för år 2009 till 2013 hämtades från Folksam Index för ansvarsfullt företagande. Sekundärdata för finansiell prestation hämtades från årsredovisningar från Retriever och Datastream. Analysering av all sekundärdata gjordes utifrån deskriptiv statistik och multipla regressionsanalyser i statistikprogrammet SPSS. Resultat och slutsats: Studiens resultat indikerar på att sambandet mellan CSP och CFP är signifikant negativt när Tobin´s Q avser CFP. Detta innebär att företagens marknadsvärde tenderar till att minska när deras sociala prestation ökar. Vidare gällande ROA finner studien inget signifikant samband mellan CSP och CFP. En antydan på ett svagt positivt samband ges dock, om än utan någon signifikans. Resultaten kan förklaras med hjälp av teorier såsom intressentteorin samt den institutionella teorin. Förslag till vidare forskning: Efter det nya EU-direktivet trätt i kraft och applicerats under en period är ett förslag att undersöka effekterna av detta direktiv. Vidare vore det intressant att utföra en undersökning som analyserar och jämför förändringar över de enskilda åren då denna studie endast använt sig av ett genomsnittsvärde för alla variabler under åren 2009 till 2013. Det vore även intressant att undersöka om de branscher som enligt Folksam (2013) löper de största verksamhetsriskerna angående hållbarheten också ökar sin sociala prestation över åren. Vidare bör dessa branscher även undersökas för att se varför vissa branscher uppvisar ett signifikant samband där andra branscher saknar detta samband. Uppsatsens bidrag: Utifrån denna studie får berörda parter ett teoretiskt bidrag som visar en ny mätmetod och ett annat perspektiv på sambandet mellan social- och finansiell prestation, jämfört med tidigare forskning. Studien öppnar även upp ett forskningsområde för undersökning av branscher och varför vissa branscher uppvisar ett signifikant samband där andra branscher saknar detta samband. Det praktiska bidraget i denna studie ger en fingervisning om hur det finansiella resultatet kan komma att påverkas med en högre grad av hållbarhetsarbete för att möta det nya EU-direktivet.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between companies’ financial performance and how the companies are rated on their involvement in Corporate Social Responsibility-activities. Method: This study, based on a positivist research philosophy, adopted a deductive approach with hypothesis testing and a quantitative research design with a panel-data method in the form of a cross-sectional design. This type of research design was used to collect secondary data from several years. The study population amounts to 171 companies while the sample amounts up to 130 listed companies on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. Secondary data for CSP for the year 2009 until 2013 was retrieved from Folksam Corporate responsibility index for each year. Secondary data for the financial performance was retrieved from Retriever and Datastream databases. In addition, analysis of all the collected secondary data was based on descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis in SPSS. Results and Conclusions: The study’s results indicate that the relationship between CSP and CFP are significantly negative when Tobin’s Q refers to CFP. This means that the companies’ market value tends to decrease as their social performance increases. Furthermore, this study doesn’t find any significant relationship between CSP and ROA as CFP. An indication of a weak positive relationship is provided, however, albeit with no significance. The result can be explained by theories as stakeholder theory and institutional theory. Suggestions for further research: A suggestion is to examine the effects of the relationship of CSP and CFP after the EU directive comes into force. Furthermore, it would be interesting to conduct a study which analyzes and compares the changes over the individual years since this study only adopted an average value for all the variables during the years 2009 until 2013. It would also be interesting to investigate whether the industries according to Folksam (2013) runs the biggest business risks relating to sustainability is also increasing its social performance over the years. Furthermore, these industries should also be examined to see why some industries show a significant correlation where other industries lack this connection. Contributions of the thesis: Based on this study, concerned parties receives a theoretical contribution that shows a new measuring method and another perspective on the relationship of social- and financial performance, compared to previous research. This study also opens a field of research for the study of industries and why some industries show a significant correlation where other industries lack this correlation. The practical contribution in this study gives an indication of how the financial result may be affected by a higher degree of sustainability efforts to meet the new EU directive.
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Schade, Markus. "Netzentwicklung im CSN." Thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200401358.
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Das Chemnitzer StudentenNetz (CSN) verwaltet ein mittelgroßes Netzwerk in den Wohnheimen des Studentenwerkes Chemnitz-Zwickau. Mitarbeitern und Interessenten erhalten einen Überblick und Einblick in die vorhandene Netzstruktur und die Konfiguration der verwendeten Technik. Es wird auch auf mögliche Szenarien für zukünftige Entwicklungen eingegangen.
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Vajar, Beeta. "Mobile CSP||B." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843387/.
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Formal methods are mathematically based languages for producing verifiable, consistent and more reliable formal specifications which leads to the construction of trustworthy and maintainable computer programs. Most formal methods can be classified as state-based or event-based formal methods. State-based formal methods, such as the B-Method, are capable of describing data aspects of the system but they are not able to describe behavioural aspects or concurrency. On the other hand, by using event-based formal methods, such as CSP, we are not able to describe data aspects of the system which results in difficulty to describe systems which contain state transitions. Over the years, the idea of combining state and event based formal methods has been proposed in order to design systems in which both data and behavioural aspects are described. The idea of creating a combination of state and event based formal methods which is able to describe mobility and dynamic patterns has also been raised in formal method integration. This additional functionality is suitable for modelling agent systems or peer-to-peer networks where consideration of mobility is important. CSP || B is a combination of CSP and B in which CSP processes are used as control executives for B machines. This architecture enables a B machine and its controller to interact and communicate with each other while working in parallel. The architecture has focused on sequential CSP processes as dedicated controllers for B machines. This thesis introduces Mobile CSP || B, a formal framework based on CSP || B which enables us to specify and verify concurrent systems with mobile architecture as well as the previous static architecture. In Mobile CSP || B, a parallel combination of CSP processes act as the controller for the B machines and these B machines can be transferred between CSP processes during the system execution.
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Brölsch, Martin W. "Schadensersatz und CISG /." Frankfurt ; New York : P. Lang, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014999914&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Grape, Anton. "Hardship och CISG." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-101709.
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Tangfelt, Carl, and Olivia Wikberg. "Miljökontroverser och dess påverkan på företags marknadsvärde : En kvantitativ studie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36000.
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Titel: Miljökontroverser och dess påverkan på företags marknadsvärde Nivå: Examensarbete på Grundnivå (kandidatexamen) i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Carl Tangfelt och Olivia Wikberg Handledare: Jan Svanberg Datum: 2021 - juni Syfte: I dagens samhälle debatteras hållbarhet och klimat i stor utsträckning. Detta påverkar också företagen. Allt större krav från omvärlden att som företag verka hållbart föreligger, samtidigt som förekomsten av företagsskandaler successivt ökar. Hur företag bör förebygga och agera vid företagsskandaler kopplade till hållbarhet är därför en essentiell fråga. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om miljökontroverser påverkar företags marknadsvärde genom att svara på om företagens marknadsvärde påverkas negativt. Studien undersöker också om företagens synlighet har en inverkan på en eventuell effekt mellan marknadsvärde och miljökontroverser. Metod: Studiens metod bygger på en positivistisk forskningsfilosofi med en hypotetisk-deduktiv forskningsansats. Studien karaktäriseras av en kvantitativ metod med en longitudinell design då studiens data sträcker sig mellan åren 2010–2020. Sekundärdata är insamlad från databasen Refinitiv Eikon och omfattar 133 publika företag. Data har därefter behandlats i SPSS. Resultat & slutsats: Studiens resultat visar ett överraskande signifikant positivt samband mellan miljökontroverser och företags marknadsvärde. Resultatet tyder också på att detta samband påverkas av graden synlighet i företaget. Resultaten indikerar i och med detta att all publicitet är god publicitet gällande miljökontroverser sett ur ett marknadsvärdesperspektiv. Examensarbetets bidrag: Studien bidrar till att fylla ett forskningsgap inom området företagskontroverser och dess finansiella påverkan på företag då marknadsvärde i förhållande till miljöskandaler inte tidigare studerats. Studien bidrar också till en ökad kunskap om hur företags förebyggande hållbarhetsarbete påverkar den finansiella prestationen och således medför insikter till företagare i det fortsatta hållbarhetsarbetet. Slutligen bidrar studien praktiskt till intressenter som har ett intresse kring företags hållbarhetsprestationer och dess finansiella påverkan på företaget. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Intressanta riktlinjer för fortsatt forskning i ämnet utgörs av de sociala- och styrningsmässiga ESG-dimensionerna. Framtida forskning skulle också kunna ta mer hänsyn till endogenitet samt studera den miljömässiga prestationen i förhållande till miljökontroverser och marknadsvärde. Nyckelord: CSR, ESG-betyg, Miljökontroverser, CSP-poäng, företagsskandaler, marknadsvärde, synlighet.Title: Environmental controversies and their impact on companies' market value Level: Student thesis, final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Author: Carl Tangfelt och Olivia Wikberg Supervisor: Jan Svanberg Date: 2021 – June Aim: In today's society, sustainability and climate are widely debated. This also affects companies. There are increasing demands from the outside world to operate in a sustainable way as a company, at the same time as the incidence of corporate scandals is gradually increasing. How companies should prevent and act in corporate scandals linked to sustainability is therefore an essential issue. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether environmental controversies affect companies' market value by answering whether companies' market value is negatively affected. The study also examines whether companies' visibility has an impact on a possible effect between market value and environmental controversies. Method: The study method is based on a positivistic research philosophy with a hypothetical-deductive research approach. The study is characterized by a quantitative method with a longitudinal design as the study data extend between the years 2010–2020. Secondary data is collected from the Refinitiv Eikon database and comprises 133 public companies. Data were then processed in SPSS. Result & Conclusions: The results of the study show a surprisingly significant positive relationship between environmental controversies and companies' market value. The results also indicate that this relationship is affected by the degree of visibility the company has. The results thus indicate that all publicity is good publicity regarding environmental controversies from a market value perspective. Contribution of the thesis: The study contributes to fill a research gap in the area of corporate controversies and its financial impact on companies since market value in relation to environmental scandals has not been studied before. The study also contributes to an increased knowledge of how companies' preventive sustainability work affects financial performance and thus brings insights to entrepreneurs in the continued sustainability work. Finally, the study contributes practically to stakeholders who have an interest in companies' sustainability performance and its financial impact on the company. Suggestions for future research: Interesting guidelines for further research in the subject consist of the social and governance ESG dimensions. Future research could also consider more endogenicity and study the environmental performance in relation to environmental controversies and market value. Key words: CSR, ESG-score, Environmental controversies, CSP-score, corporate scandals, market value, visibility
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Cole, Ian R. "Modelling CPV." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/18050.
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A methodology for the simulation of CPV systems is presented in four distinct sections: input, optics, uncertainty and electrical output. In the input section, existing methods of describing the solar irradiation that is incident at the primary optical element of a CPV system are discussed, the inadequacies of the existing methods are explored and conditions of validity for their use drawn. An improved and spectrally extended model for a variable, spatially resolved solar image is arrived at. The model is used to analyse losses at the primary concentration device stage under varying solar profiles and air masses. A contextual analysis of an example Seattle based CPV system operating with constant solar tracking errors of 0.3-0.4° show a corresponding loss in isolation available to the optical system of 5-20%, respectively. In the optics section, an optical ray trace model is developed specifically for this work. The optical ray trace model is capable of the spectrally resolved ray tracing of all insolation input models discussed above. Plano-convex and Fresnel lenses are designed, investigated and compared using each of the insolation models described in the input section. Common CPV component material samples for the plano-convex and Fresnel lenses are analysed for their spectrally resolved optical properties. The computational expense of high resolution spatial and spectral modelling is addressed by means of a spectrally weighted banding method. The optical properties parameter spectral weighting method can be applied to any arbitrary spectral band. The bands used herein correspond to the active ranges of a typical triple-junction solar cell. Each band shows a different spectral dependency. Banded beam irradiation proportions are shown to change by as much as 10% in absolute terms within the air mass range of 1 to 3. Significant variations in spectrally banded illumination profiles are found with the extended light source insolation model. These banded variations are mostly unaccounted for with the use of approximated insolation models, further compounding the argument for extended light source Sun models in CPV system simulations. In the uncertainty section, the limitations of the manufacturing process are explored. Manufacturing tolerance errors from manufacturer datasheets are presented. These production uncertainties are used in the design of an erroneous plano-convex lens which is then analysed with the optical modelled presented in the optics section and compared to the ideal design specification. A 15% variation in maximum intensity value is found alongside a linear shift in the focal crossover point of approximately 0.2mm, although the optical efficiency of the lens remains the same. Framing manufacture errors are investigated for a square Fresnel lens system resulting in a linear shift of the focal centre of approximately 0.85mm. A process for the calculation of wind loading force on a CPV array is also presented. The process uses real 2 second resolution wind data and highlights the chaotic nature of loading force. A maximum force of 1.4kN was found on an example day for a 3m by 3m by 0.1m cuboid (i.e. CPV array); corresponding to a wind speed of approximately 13m/s, which is well within the typical operating range of a CPV tracking system. In the electrical output section, a spatially resolved solar cell model is identified and used for the investigation of solar cell performance under the inhomogeneous cell illumination profiles produced in the uncertainty section. Significant differences in the maximum power point of the cell IVs are found for the ideal and erroneous system illumination profiles. Approximately, a 15% variation is found in the plano-convex lens example, with a relative difference of 4% attributable to illumination profile distortion, and a 6% variation in the module framing component example. These results further highlight the need for the consideration of production uncertainties in CPV system simulation.
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Ahmed, Aymann, and Marina Bjelica. "Corporate Social Responsibility och dess påverkan på lönsamhet." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-33237.
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BAKGRUND: Företag fyller en stor roll i vårt samhälle eftersom de på många sätt är en viktig beståndsdel i att driva vårt samhälle mot vidare utveckling. För vidare hållbar utveckling krävs ansvarstagande av alla inblandade parter, men hur mycket ansvar ska företagen egentligen ta? Ska de ta ansvar för aspekter som exempelvis miljö och mänskliga rättigheter? Eller ska de endast fokusera på att vara så vinstmaximerande som möjligt? SYFTE: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka sambandet mellan svenska företags rapporterade hållbarhetsredovisning och deras lönsamhet. METOD: För att kunna svara på syftet på bästa sätt valdes en kvantitativ metod med ett deduktivt synsätt. Tvärsnittsdesign valdes eftersom studien skulle undersöka sambandet mellan Corporate Social Responsibility och lönsamhet under en viss tidpunkt. Variabeln CSR operationaliseras genom användning av Folksams index för ansvarsfullt företagande och lönsamhet genom en justerad formel för Tobins Q. En regressionsanalys gjordes för att kunna undersöka korrelationen mellan CSR och lönsamhet. SLUTSATS: Sambandet mellan CSR och lönsamhet är neutralt, det vill säga statistiskt går det inte att påvisa något signifikant samband mellan CSR och lönsamhet för de studerade företagen i denna studie.
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Chevalier, Anne Sophie. "Utilisation thérapeutique du G-CSF et du GM-CSF en hématologie." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P248.
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Turton, David James. "Australia's Coal Seam Gas Debate: Perspectives across Time, Space, Law and Selected Professions." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142834.
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Coal seam gas (CSG) extraction is a source of ongoing controversy
in the Australian States of New South Wales and Queensland.
Primarily composed of methane, CSG has evolved from a gas
extracted in the interests of coal miner safety, to a profitable
concern, source of electricity generation and, arguably, a
transition fuel in a carbon-constrained future. Efforts to
develop Australia’s CSG industry since the early 2000s has
brought the sector into increased geographical proximity with
existing land uses. Arguments over CSG and its potential risks
and benefits remain ongoing, yet the nation’s CSG debate often
lacks historical context, geographical insights, justice research
perspectives and viewpoints from key professionals associated
with this resource. This thesis therefore poses the overarching
question: how can environmental history, legal geography,
procedural and distributive justice, and profession-specific
insights from lawyers, judges and planners, shed light upon this
controversial resource?
Drawing on a typology of relevance for environmental history,
current CSG land access conflicts in Queensland are
contextualised within past efforts in that State to promote
coexistence between grain growers and coal miners, comparing the
State’s statutorily enshrined Land Access Code 2010 with a
voluntary Explorer-Landholder Procedures Guide produced in 1982
by agricultural and mining stakeholders. Building on this
temporal aspect of formal and informal land access agreements, a
legal geography lens is taken to unconventional gas in Australia,
highlighting its value as a tool for investigating CSG –
particularly for investigating the involvement of lawyers and
judges in land use disputes.
Acknowledging that lawyers are multifaceted participants in
Australia’s CSG discussion, an extended study of their
participation in recorded community forums in Queensland and New
South Wales demonstrates this profession’s significant role in
informing community forum audiences about land access laws
concerning CSG, while also critiquing these laws by referring to
personal experiences with the legal process. Viewpoints from
judges associated with CSG-related litigation were also sought
out and framed by both legal geography and procedural and
distributive justice. An examination of a selection of court
judgments concerning CSG revealed that procedural and
distributive justice issues have arisen in New South Wales and
Queensland. These judgments attend to the place of Australian
local governments in negotiations with CSG operators, the
provision of accurate mapping information to landholders by CSG
companies and the nature of effective engagement in community
consultation. Judges were also shown to engage with geographical
concepts in their rulings, namely scale.
Finally, this thesis examines planners in Australia’s CSG
controversy. Advancing research into the roles and
self-perceptions of planners through interviews with planners in
New South Wales and Queensland and related documentary sources,
these professionals were found to be flexible in their approach
to the industry, adopting community advocate, facilitator of
development and social gatekeeper roles as needed. The discussion
and findings of this research pose important questions about CSG
and the multifaceted impacts of this unconventional fossil fuel
– stressing the utility of analysis that is informed by space,
law, history, justice and the expertise of professionals.
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Andersson, Celine, and Louise Eriksson. "Effekten kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och ämbetstid i styrelsen har på CSR samt kulturella skillnaders inverkan på sambanden : En kvantitativ studie på 704 börsnoterade företag i USA samt 598 börsnoterade företag i Europa." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29819.
Full textAbstract:
Sammanfattning Titel: Effekten kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och ämbetstid i styrelsen har på CSR samt kulturella skillnaders inverkan på sambanden Nivå: Examensarbete på Grundnivå (kandidatexamen) i ämnet företagsekonomi. Författare: Celine Andersson och Louise Eriksson. Handledare: Jan Svanberg. Datum: 2019 – Juni. Syfte: På grund av påtryckningar från samhället har företagens intresse för CSR-aktiviteter på senare år ökat, och även skapat reglering och restriktioner kring detta. Ansvaret för att dessa regler och restriktioner efterföljs är styrelsens, där styrelsens agerande kan bero på dess sammansättning. Studien syftar till att undersöka om kvinnliga styrelseledamöter samt ämbetstiden i styrelsen kan ha en påverkan på företagens CSR genom ändrat intresse i dess CSR-aktiviteter, och även se om kulturella skillnader har en inverkan på ett eventuellt samband. Metod: Studien har en positivistisk utgångspunkt med en hypotetisk-deduktiv ansats. Forskningsstrategin som studien utförs inom är kvantitativ, där data angående kvinnliga styrelseledamöter, ämbetstid i styrelsen och CSP hämtats från 598 respektive 704 företag från Europa respektive USA, vilket resulterat i 2990 respektive 3520 observationer under femårsperioden 2013-2017. För insamling av datan har vi använt databasen Thomson Reuters Datastream. Vi har även hämtat data angående nationers kulturella skillnader från Hofstede Insights, med hjälp av Country Comparison Tool. Sammanställning av datan har skett med hjälp av statistikprogrammet SPSS. Resultat & slutsats: Det resultat studien kommer fram till är att det finns ett positivt samband mellan kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och CSR. Vi ser att ämbetstiden i styrelsen har en liten effekt på CSR, men här behövs det ytterligare forskning. Kulturella skillnader kan vi fastställa har en modererande effekt på båda ovanstående samband. Examensarbetets bidrag: Bidraget som studien ger är en ökad kunskap kring hur styrelsens ämbetstid påverkar företagets CSR, den ger även en påbörjad fyllnad av forskningsgapet som finns kring hur kulturella skillnader påverkar sambandet. Vidare har vi ökat ett säkerställande av det positiva sambandet mellan kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och CSR, samt fastslagit att kulturella skillnader påverkar kvinnliga styrelseledamöters makt gällande CSR, samt hur ämbetstiden i styrelsen påverkar beslut kring CSR. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: För framtida forskning på ämnet efterfrågar vi studier för den optimala andelen kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och var gränsen går för att det positiva sambandet mellan kvinnliga styrelseledamöter och CSR blir svagare. Vidare forskning på ämnet kan även vara att djupare studera om ämbetstiden har en påverkan på företagets CSR. Nyckelord: Kvinnliga styrelseledamöter, ämbetstid i styrelsen, kulturella skillnader, CSP, CSR, Hofstede och ESG.Abstract Title: The impact of female board members and board tenure have on CSR and cultural differences on these relationship Level: Student thesis, final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Author: Celine Andersson and Louise Eriksson Supervisor: Jan Svanberg Date: 2019 - June Aim: Due to pressure from the society, companies interest in CSR activities has increased in recent years, and has also caused regulation and restrictions on this. The board is responsible for ensuring that these rules and restrictions are complied with, where the boards actions may depend on its composition. This study aims to investigate whether female board members and the board tenure can have an impact on the companies CSR through a changed interest in the the companies CSR-activities, and also see if cultural differences might have an impact on a possible relationship. Method: The study has a positivistic starting point with a hypothetical-deductive approach. The research strategy in which the study is conducted is quantitative, where data on female board members, board tenure and CSP were obtained from 598 and 704 companies from Europe and the US, which resulted in 2990 and 3520 observations during the five-year period 2013-2017. For data collection, we have used the Thomson Reuters Datastream database. We have also collected data on nations' cultural differences from Hofstede Insights, using the Country Comparison Tool. Compilation of the data has been made using the statistical program SPSS. Result & Conclusions: The result we found in the study is that there is a positive correlation between female board members and CSR. We can see that the board tenure has a small effect on CSR, but here further research is needed. Furthermore, we can determine that cultural differences have a moderating effect on both of the above relationships. Contribution of the thesis: The contribution that the study provides is an increased knowledge of how board tenure affects the company's CSR, it also provides a commenced filling of the research gap that exists about how cultural differences affect the relationship. Furthermore, we have increased the assurance of the positive relationship between female board members and the CSR and has established that cultural differences affect the power of women board members regarding CSR, and how the board tenure affects decisions about CSR. Suggestions for future research: For future research on the subject, we demand studies for the optimal proportion of female board members and where the limit goes for the positive relationship between female board members and CSR to be weaker. Further research on the subject can also be on whether the board tenure has an impact on the company's CSR. Key words: Women on boards, board tenure, cultural features, CSP, CSR, Hofstede and ESG.
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Gardner, William Bennett. "CSP++, an object-oriented application framework for software synthesis from CSP specifications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0013/NQ53041.pdf.
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