Relevant bibliographies by topics / Crystal14

Academic literature on the topic 'Crystal14'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Crystal14"

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Dovesi, Roberto, Roberto Orlando, Alessandro Erba, Claudio M. Zicovich-Wilson, Bartolomeo Civalleri, Silvia Casassa, Lorenzo Maschio, et al. "CRYSTAL14 : A program for the ab initio investigation of crystalline solids." International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 114, no. 19 (March 11, 2014): 1287–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.24658.

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Noël, Yves, Marco De La Pierre, Claudio M. Zicovich-Wilson, Roberto Orlando, and Roberto Dovesi. "Structural, electronic and energetic properties of giant icosahedral fullerenes up to C6000: insights from an ab initio hybrid DFT study." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 26 (2014): 13390–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp01442a.

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Чернышев, В. А., В. С. Рюмшин, and П. А. Агзамова. "Структура и динамика решетки MeF-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- (Me=Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb) в кубической и орто-фазах: ab initio расчет." Физика твердого тела 61, no. 1 (2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2019.01.46904.188.

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AbstractThe MF_2 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb) crystals undergo a structural phase transition from the cubic to the orthorhombic phase in a range of 1–10 GPa. Although the cubic fluorites are well studied experimentally, there has been almost no information on their orthorhombic phase to date. Despite a few data on the Raman spectra available in the literature, there is still a lack of IR spectra of these structures. In this respect, this work aims to study the crystal structure and the phonon spectrum of MF_2 crystals (M = Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb) in both the cubic and orthorhombic phases, using the MO LKAO approach with hybrid DFT functionals that take the contribution of nonlocal exchange in the Hartree—Fock formalism into account. The frequencies and types of fundamental IR and Raman vibrations, as well as the frequencies of “silent” modes, are found. The calculations of elastic constants for the orthorombic phase have been performed at the first time. The program CRYSTAL14 intended for simulation of periodic structures within the MO LKAO approach was used for the calculations.
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Reid, Joel W., James A. Kaduk, and Jeremy A. Olson. "The crystal structure of Na(NH4)Mo3O10·H2O." Powder Diffraction 32, no. 2 (June 2017): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715617000380.

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The crystal structure of Na(NH4)Mo3O10·H2O has been solved by parallel tempering using the FOX software package with synchrotron powder diffraction data obtained from beamline 08B1-1 at the Canadian Light Source. Rietveld refinement, performed with the software package GSAS, yielded orthorhombic lattice parameters of a = 13.549 82(10), b = 7.618 50(6), and c = 9.302 74(7) Å (Z = 4, space group Pnma). The structure is composed of molybdate chains running parallel to the b-axis. The Rietveld refinement results were compared with density functional theory calculations performed with CRYSTAL14, and show excellent agreement with the calculated structure.
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Reid, Joel W., James A. Kaduk, and Martin Vickers. "The crystal structure of trandolapril, C24H34N2O5: an example of the utility of raw data deposition in the powder diffraction file." Powder Diffraction 31, no. 3 (June 14, 2016): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715616000294.

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The crystal structure of trandolapril has been solved by parallel tempering using the FOX software package with laboratory powder diffraction data submitted to and published in the Powder Diffraction File. Rietveld refinement was performed with the software package GSAS yielding orthorhombic lattice parameters of a = 19.7685(4), b = 15.0697(4), and c = 7.6704(2) Å (C24H34N2O5, Z = 4, space group P212121). The Rietveld refinement results were compared with density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed with CRYSTAL14. While the structures are similar, discrepancies are observed in the configuration of the octahydroindole ring between the Rietveld and DFT structures, suggesting the refined and calculated molecules are diastereomers.
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Reid, Joel W., James A. Kaduk, and Lidia Matei. "The crystal structure of MoO2(O2)H2O." Powder Diffraction 33, no. 1 (February 14, 2018): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715618000118.

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The crystal structure of MoO2(O2)H2O has been solved by analogy with the WO2(O2)H2O structure and refined with synchrotron powder diffraction data obtained from beamline 08B1-1 at the Canadian Light Source. Rietveld refinement, performed with the software package GSAS, yielded monoclinic lattice parameters of a = 12.0417(4) Å, b = 3.87003(14) Å, c = 7.38390(24) Å, and β = 78.0843(11)° (Z = 4, space group P21/n). The structure is composed of double zigzag molybdate chains running parallel to the b-axis. The Rietveld refined structure was compared with density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed with CRYSTAL14, and show strong agreement with the DFT optimized structure.
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Saleev, Vladimir, and Alexandra Shipilova. "First-principles calculations of LiNbO3 optical properties: From far-infrared to ultraviolet." Modern Physics Letters B 32, no. 05 (February 20, 2018): 1850063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491850063x.

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We perform first-principles calculations of optical properties for ferroelectric phase of LiNbO3 crystal using density functional theory (DFT) for wide range of wavelengths, from far-infrared (IR) to ultraviolet. We study frequency dependence of complex dielectric tensor and related quantities, such as refractive and reflection indices, absorption coefficients, etc. Our calculation incorporates advantages of numerical approaches based on atomic-orbital all-electron Gaussian-type basis sets, as it is realized in CRYSTAL14 program. We compared predictions obtained in general-gradient approach with PBESOL exchange-correlation functional and in hybrid approach with PBESOL0 functional, and we have found that hybrid PBESOL0 functional is more applicable to describe the wide set of the experimental data.
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Suzuki, Kosuke, Ayumu Terasaka, Tomoya Abe, and Hiroshi Sakurai. "Modification of Electronic Structures with Lithium Intercalation in LixMn2O4 (x = 0 and 1) Studied by CRYSTAL14 Calculation Code." Key Engineering Materials 790 (November 2018): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.790.15.

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In this study, we calculate electronic structures for Mn2O4 and LiMn2O4 by using CRYSTAL14 ab-initio calculation code in order to understand electrode reaction mechanism of LixMn2O4 by lithiation/delithiation. Mulliken population analysis for all electrons show that the redox orbitals with lithiation and delithiation is O 2p orbitals. However, difference charge densities between majority and minority electrons indicate the change of distribution in Mn 3d orbitals by lithiation. This modification of distribution in Mn 3d orbitals suggests the change of electron configuration because the number of electrons at Mn atom is almost constant in Mulliken population analysis for all electrons. As a result, this modification of distribution in Mn 3d orbitals improves electron conductivity of this material.
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Reid, Joel W., James A. Kaduk, and Lidia Matei. "The crystal structure of MoO2(O2)(H2O)·H2O." Powder Diffraction 34, no. 1 (February 7, 2019): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715619000095.

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The crystal structure of MoO2(O2)(H2O)·H2O has been solved using parallel tempering with the FOX software package and refined using synchrotron powder diffraction data obtained from beamline 08B1-1 at the Canadian Light Source. Rietveld refinement, performed with the software package GSAS, yielded monoclinic lattice parameters of a = 17.3355(5) Å, b = 3.83342(10) Å, c = 6.55760(18) Å, and β = 91.2114(27)° (Z = 4, space group I2/m). The structure is composed of double zigzag molybdate chains running parallel to the b-axis. The Rietveld refined structure was compared with density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed with CRYSTAL14, and shows comparable agreement with two DFT optimized structures of similar energy, which differ by the location of the molybdate coordinated water molecule. The true structure is likely a disordered combination of the two DFT optimized structures.
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Mesquita, Weber D., Maria R. C. Santos, Mario G. Junior, Sérgio H. B. S. Leal, José W. M. Espinosa, Elson Longo, and Maria F. C. Gurgel. "Efeito do Substituinte Sr na Transição de Fase do PT: Correlação Teórica e Experimental das Propriedades Eletrônicas e Estruturais." Revista Processos Químicos 13, no. 26 (March 9, 2020): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19142/rpq.v13i26.542.

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A transição de fase dos compostos PT, PST e ST, sintetizados pelo Método dos Precursores Poliméricos, foram estudados através da correlação teórica e experimental empregando DFT, utilizando o pacote computacional CRYSTAL14. Os modelos foram construídos em uma supercela 1x1x2 utilizando dados do refiamento de Rietveld. Os resultados foram interpretados em termos de Estrutura de Bandas, Densidade de Estados, evolução estrutural e valor de gap. Nestes modelos, foram possíveis a identifiação e a compreensão da transição de fase e redução na relação c/a concluindo que os modelos sofrem transição de fase conforme aumenta-se a concentração de substituinte Sr na matriz do PT.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crystal14"

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Shopova, Denitsa. "Crystal chemistry of fullerene co-crystals." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB12103660.

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Bridgland, Lydia Naomi. "Crystal engineering of porous steroidal organic crystals." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627972.

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Porous materials are highly valued for a wide variety of scientific and technological applications and organic molecular crystals offer an alternative to established inorganic materials. In this thesis, the porosity of tris-N-phenylureido steroidal crystals IS characterised and the versatility of the steroidal crystal system is demonstrated. Material properties can often be adjusted by mixing components in varying proportions to form alloys, but this phenomenon is rarely demonstrated for organic molecules. In organic crystals, molecules pack into an array which has symmetry and dimensions specific to the compound. Thus, in general, molecules cannot be substituted for molecules of a different compound. The studies presented here demonstrate that organic alloys are possible if the crystal structure possesses voids which are able to accommodate significant p0l1ions of the new molecules. A variety of multi-component steroidal crystals have been created with diverse and complex channel interiors. These have been characterised by optical microscopy, single X-ray crystallography, IH NMR and mass spectrometry. Finally, molecular machines which perform mechanical work on a molecular level are of great interest within the scientific community. The operational range of molecular motion is often too restricted to create macroscopic phenomena, but by confining the molecular machines to small spaces such as nanopores, molecular movement on the nanometre level can be sufficient to dominate the physical and chemical behaviour of guest molecules. In this thesis, the prospect of creating a new type of molecular machine assembly to propel molecules unidirectionally along crystal channels has been investigated. Crystal engineering has been used to design porous steroidal crystals with azobenzene moieties, capable of photoinduced isomerisation, protruding into the crystal channels. The resulting crystals have been analysed by optical microscopy and solid-state UV-vis spectroscopy, and the distribution of guest molecules within the crystals has been investigated by Raman and IR microspectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy.
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Bullard, Theresa Vivian. "Luminescence labeling and dynamics of growth active crystal surface structures /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9680.

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Higgenbottom, Morris Scott. "Liquid crystal modulation of retroreflection : a low-power communication/location technology." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16695.

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Ahmed, Sayima J. "Crystal engineering of pharmaceutical salts and co-crystals." Thesis, University of Reading, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515715.

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Richartz, Melanie. "Klassifikation von selbstdualen Dieudonnégittern in einem dreidimensionale polarisierten supersingulären Isokristall." Bonn : [s.n.], 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/41464660.html.

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Wu, Haixia. "Anchoring Behavior of Chiral Liquid Crystal at Polymer Surface: In Polymer Dispersed Chiral Liquid Crystal Films." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04082004-154054/unrestricted/wu%5Fhaixia%5F200405%5Fmast.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004.
Griffin, Anselm, Committee Member; Srinivasarao, Mohan, Committee Chair; Park, Jung O., Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-105).
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Evans, Herbert Elgin 1962. "Preparation of high-purity aluminum bicrystals." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277076.

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The preparation of bicrystal specimens of high interfacial purity and accurately controlled mismatch of orientation between grains with a specific boundary orientation are critical for fundamental studies of the structure and properties of grain boundaries. A method was developed for routinely producing high-purity aluminum bicrystals of desired mismatch and boundary orientation. A strain annealing technique was used for making large single crystals. The orientation, structural perfection, and chemical purity of the seeds were characterized, then the seeds were joined by using an electron beam welder. The welder was designed and built as a major portion of this work.
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Legge, Coulton Heath. "Structural modifications in liquid crystals and liquid crystal polymers." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306164.

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Pyzer-Knapp, Edward Oliver. "Exploring the crystal energy landscapes of porous molecular crystals." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648625.

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Books on the topic "Crystal14"

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Sievers, Maurice L. Crystal clear: Vintage American crystal sets, crystal detectors, and crystals. Chandler, Ariz: Sonoran Pub., 1995.

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Sievers, Maurice L. Crystal clear: Vintage American crystal sets, crystal detectors, and crystals. Vestal, NY: Vestal Press, 1991.

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Crystals: Growth, morphology, and perfection. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

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Shui jing mi fa tu jie: Crystals illustrated. Xianggang: Xianggang chu ban ji tuan you xian gong si, 2001.

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Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain). Faraday Division., ed. Crystal growth. London: Faraday Division, Royal Society of Chemistry, 1993.

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George C. Marshall Space Flight Center., ed. Growth of binary organic NLO crystals: M.NA-p.NA and m.NA-CNA system. [Huntsville, AL: NASA George Marshall Space Flight Center, 1995.

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Crystal visions: The healing power of crystals. Atglen, Pa., USA: Whitford Press, 1993.

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Stangl, Jean. Crystals and crystal gardens you can grow. New York: F. Watts, 1990.

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Stangl, Jean. Crystals and crystal gardens you can grow. New York: F. Watts, 1990.

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Witold, Palosz, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Growth of cadmium-zinc telluride crystals by controlled seeding "contactless" physical vapor transport. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Crystal14"

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Carrell, H. L., and J. P. Glusker. "Crystal morphology, optical properties of crystals and crystal mounting." In International Tables for Crystallography, 111–16. Chester, England: International Union of Crystallography, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/97809553602060000663.

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Carrell, H. L., and J. P. Glusker. "Crystal morphology, optical properties of crystals and crystal mounting." In International Tables for Crystallography, 145–51. Chester, England: International Union of Crystallography, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/97809553602060000816.

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Vishweshwar, Peddy, Jennifer A. McMahon, and Michael J. Zaworotko. "Crystal Engineering of Pharmaceutical Co-crystals." In Frontiers in Crystal Engineering, 25–49. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470022612.ch2.

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Rosbottom, Ian, and Kevin J. Roberts. "Crystal Growth and Morphology of Molecular Crystals." In Engineering Crystallography: From Molecule to Crystal to Functional Form, 109–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1117-1_7.

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Baronnet, Alain. "Polytypism and Crystal Growth of Inorganic Crystals." In Crystal Growth in Science and Technology, 197–204. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0549-1_11.

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Srivastava, Gyaneshwar P. "Phonons on Crystal Surfaces and Layered Crystals." In The Physics of Phonons, 239–58. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003141273-8.

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Addadi, L., J. Aizenberg, E. Beniash, and S. Weiner. "On the Concept of a Single Crystal in Biomineralization." In Crystal Engineering: From Molecules and Crystals to Materials, 1–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4505-3_1.

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Nassimbeni, L. R. "Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Crystalline Inclusion Compounds." In Crystal Engineering: From Molecules and Crystals to Materials, 163–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4505-3_10.

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Hosseini, Mir Wais. "An Approach to the Crystal Engineering of Coordination Networks." In Crystal Engineering: From Molecules and Crystals to Materials, 181–208. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4505-3_11.

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Calhorda, Maria José. "How to Look at Bonds in Extended Solids." In Crystal Engineering: From Molecules and Crystals to Materials, 209–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4505-3_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Crystal14"

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Li, Z. M., and X. F. Peng. "Mutation Growth of Ice Crystal During Frost Formation." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56298.

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Frost formation on flat cold surfaces was experimentally investigated, particularly the dynamic process was visually observed. During test runs, a plastic film was used to separate the cold surface from moist air, and formation of ice crystals was observed using microscope visualization technique as the film was removed and the cold surface reached to a specified temperature. In crystal growth stage of frost formation, a new phenomenon was found during ice crystal growth process. A layer of irregular crystal embryos was formed at the earlier stage, and these crystal embryos vanished when ice crystals with regular form grew up along nicks on the plate. And then, ice crystals on the plate kept growing slowly, while the area without ice crystals kept clean. This process is divided into three stages: formation of crystal embryos, mutation of ice crystals, and growth of ice crystal. Duration times of the first two stages seemed to be constant for different cases.
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Bel’tyugov, V. N., and A. V. Leis. "Polarizer based on the dielectric layer with surface-relief grating for microchip Nd:YAG/KTP laser with mode-selective birefringent filter." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1996.cthi68.

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The diode laser pumped Nd3+ solid-state laser with intracavity frequency doubling in KTiOPO4 (KTP) is attracted recently much attention. This laser can be used for the realizing of compact and stable green laser source. Unfortunately, the laser has an amplitude instability in the second-harmonic output due to longitudinal mode coupling through sum-frequency generation1. This problem can be eliminated by allowing only single mode operation. One of the techniques is to use a birefringent filter formed with a polarizer and KTP-crystal as a waveplate. Earlier, a Brewster angle cut Nd:YAG crystal2 and an off-axially cut Nd:YVO4 crystal3 were suggested as a polarizing elements. These ways made the laser geometry more complicated.
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Xing, Wu, Zhu Yong, Zhang Daofang, and Yang Cuiying. "The Growth of BaTiO3 Crystals and The Research on Crystal Defects of Them by Electro-microscope Technique." In Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.a4.

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BaTiO3 crystals are very useful as an excellent photorefractive materials. But the growth of BaTiO3 crystals is very difficult due to some special chemical and physical properties of them. The BaTiO3 crystals in good optical quality have been grown successfully by Top Seed Solution Growth (TSSG) technique but the crystal defects happened easyly due to the unsuitable in the crystal growth conditions even just a little. The temperature distribution near the crystal growth front, the suitable seeding temperature, stabilyty of the growth interface and so on are very important to keep the crystal growth well and in good optical quality. All of these main conditions for growing of crystals were researched detailly in our experiments and discussed detailly in this paper.
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Tape, Walter. "Ice Crystals and Halos in Fairbanks, Alaska Ice Crystals and Halos at the South Pole." In Meteorological Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/mo.1986.tha4.

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During low level halo displays ice crystals in the atmosphere were collected and photographed. The halos were also photographed. The observed crystal shapes are used as inputs for theoretical computer simulations of the halo displays. Input crystal orientations are chosen to produce halo simulations approximating the observed displays. Especially when the crystal samples are homogeneous, one can sometimes learn the falling modes of the crystals. Also, the observed crystals and halos provide a test of the simulation predictions.
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Chang, R. S. F., S. Sengupta, L. B. Shaw, and N. Djeu. "Laser-heated pedestal growth: a viable technique for laser material evaluation studies." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.tuu21.

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The key to an effective laser material evaluation program is a ready supply of crystals at a reasonable cost. For most studies a crystal rod size of 1-mm diameter and 10-mm length is sufficient. More important for material optimization is the number of crystals with different dopant concentrations. Bulk growth techniques would not be appropriate for this task. This paper presents the laser-heated pedestal growth technique as a fast and cost-effective way to grow small laser crystals. Rare earth doped garnets of good crystal quality are now routinely grown at our facility. Lifetime measurements showed good agreement with those of bulk crystals. Tm:YAG is one of the dopant/host combinations studied as a function of dopant concentration. At high thulium concentration, excitation in metastable 3F4 ions can migrate over a large number of sites in the lattice and be quenched by impurities and defects in the crystal. Only a slight decrease in lifetime was observed in our crystals, same as for bulk grown crystals. This attests to the crystal quality and demonstrates the viability of this growth technique for material optimization and comprehensive study of energy pathways in laser crystals.
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Chomsky, Doron, Sternklar, Henrik Szichman, and Steven Jackel. "Effect of absorption on photorefractive two-beam coupling gain with a moving grating." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.fi4.

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Optimum two-beam coupling gain in photorefractive semiconductors is achieved mainly by the DC field and moving grating technique. Due to the crystals' finite time response, the out of phase component of the refractive-index grating is enhanced. In this work we show that absorption, which is not negligible in these crystals (α ~ cm−1), prematurely saturates and degrades the small - signal gain along the crystal's interaction length. This is due to its' influence on the crystals' response time τ, which is approximately inversely proportional to the light intensity in the crystal, so that τ varies as τ(z) ≈ τ(o)eαz along the interaction coordinate z. A distributed time constant causes a deviation from t he optimum phase condition along the interaction length when using the moving grating technique. Our model predicts a significantly suppressed small-signal gain, which peaks at an optimum interaction length 1opτ ≈ 1/α and then degrades for larger 1. This effect can account for discrepancies between measured gain in semiconductors and previous theories. It also presents a fundamental limitation of the moving grating technique in photorefractive waveguides, which would not benefit from long interaction lengths. In this case, the AC field method would be more effective.
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DeShazer, LARRY G. "Survey of phase-matchable fibers for nonlinear optics." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.wb3.

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A variety of methods have emerged to fabricate single-crystal nonlinear optical fibers. As a class of crystals, nonlinear materials encompass the entire range of thermal behavior possible in compounds. Therefore, it has become increasingly clear that no one method of single-crystal fiber growth can accommodate the disparities of all the nonlinear crystals. Traveling-zone, Bridgman, and Czochralski methods of crystal growth have all been successfully adopted in producing single-crystal fibers. The traveling-zone method converted polycrystalline fibers to single-crystal fibers by using a submillimeter melt zone produced by a small electrical heater. Crystal fibers of CuCI were grown by this method. A Bridgman method produced single-crystal fibers in which the melt is vapor-pressure stabilized. This method was applicable to nearly congruent melting materials such as KDP-isomorph crystals. A capillary-fed Czochralski method was developed to grow fibers of congruently melting materials such as NaNO3. Capillary designs overcame the thermal steady-state limitations of the conventional Czochralski technique applied to fiber growth. All these methods of growing nonlinear optical fibers showed dimensional irregularities of the crystal fibers, to varying degrees. Because the efficiency of phase-matched processes in nonlinear fibers is sharply reduced by surface imperfections, an alternative hybrid approach was developed. This approach combined the desirable uniformity of glass fibers with bulk nonlinear crystals. The evanescent portion of guided waves in the glass core can be coupled to the nonlinear polarization of the crystal clad.
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Kakimoto, Koichi, W. Wang, Katsuo Tsukamoto, and Di Wu. "Crystal growth of semiconductor bulk crystals." In SELECTED TOPICS ON CRYSTAL GROWTH: 14th International Summer School on Crystal Growth. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3476241.

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English, Timothy S., John C. Duda, Donald A. Jordan, Pamela M. Norris, and Leonid V. Zhigilei. "The Effect of Interstitial Layers on Thermal Boundary Conductance Between Lennard-Jones Crystals." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22953.

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Thermal transport at the interface between Lennard-Jones crystals is explored via non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The vibrational properties of each crystal are varied by changing the atomic mass of the crystal. By applying a constant thermal flux across the two-crystal composite system, a steady-state temperature gradient is established and thermal boundary conductance at the interface between the crystals is calculated via Fourier’s law. With the material properties of the two crystals fixed, thermal boundary conductance can be affected by an intermediate layer inserted between the two crystals. It is found that when the interstitial layer atomic mass is between those values of the crystals comprising the interface, interfacial transport is enhanced. This layer helps bridge the gap between the different vibrational spectra of the two materials, thus enhancing thermal transport, which is maximized when the interstitial layer atomic mass approaches the average mass of the two fixed crystals. The degree of enhancement depends on the vibrational mismatch between the interstitial layer and the crystals comprising the interface, and we report an increase in thermal boundary conductance of up to 50%.
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Ma, Y., and L. L. Zheng. "Dependence of Radiation Effects on System Configuration and Physical Properties in Bridgman Growth of Optical Crystals." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59907.

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Optical crystals, such as YAG, GGG, sapphire, CaF2, are of high melting temperature. As a result, the radiative heat transfer during the crystal growth process is an important factor to influence the temperature distribution and hence the quality of as-grown crystals. However, the radiation effect is complicated in the optical crystal growth system. It depends on the system geometry and properties, such as the spectral transmittance of the oxide crystals, and the emissivity of the ampoule and the furnace inner wall. In this paper, the analysis of heat transfer coupled with radiation effect has been carried out using one-dimensional thermal resistance network method for optical crystals growth. The results show that radiation plays a significant role in the heat transfer and temperature distribution during growth, and the subsequent quality of the grown crystal. Two-dimensional numerical simulations have also been conducted and the simulation results have been compared with the one-dimensional results. Effects of system configuration and physical properties on crystal quality are also analyzed and discussed.
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Reports on the topic "Crystal14"

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Snyder, David W., and Charles R. Shanta. Solid State Recrystallization of Single Crystal Ce:LSO Scintillator Crystals for High Resolution Detectors. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561708.

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Glushko, E. Ya, and A. N. Stepanyuk. Pneumatic photonic crystals: properties and application in sensing and metrology. [б. в.], 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2875.

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A pneumatic photonic crystal i.e. a medium containing regularly distributed gas-filled voids divided by elastic walls is proposed as an optical indicator of pressure and temperature. The indicator includes layered elastic platform, optical fibers and switching valves, all enclosed into a chamber. We have investigated theoretically distribution of deformation and pressure inside a pneumatic photonic crystal, its bandgap structure and light reflection changes depending on external pressure and temperature.
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Arias, Eduardo, Ivana Moggio, and Ronald Ziolo. Liquid Crystals of Dendron-Like Pt Complexes Processable Into Nanofilms Dendrimers. Phase 2. Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Glass Platinum Acetylides. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada619975.

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Stalick, J. K. Crystal data :. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.tn.1229.

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Brown, E. R. Wideband Photonic Crystals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299189.

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Glushko, E. Ya, and A. N. Stepanyuk. Optopneumatic medium for precise indication of pressure over time inside the fluid flow. Астропринт, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2874.

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In this work, a gas-filled 1D elastic pneumatic photonic crystal is proposed as an optical indicator of pressure which can unite several pressure scales of magnitude. The indicator includes layered elastic platform, optical fibers and switching valves, all enclosed into a chamber. We have investigated the pneumatic photonic crystal bandgap structure and light reflection changes under external pressure. At the chosen parameters the device may cover the pressure interval (0, 10) bar with extremely high accuracy (1 μbar) for actual pressures existing inside the biofluid systems of biological organisms. The size of the indicator is close to 1 mm and may be decreased. The miniaturized optical devices considered may offer an opportunity to organize simultaneous and total scanning monitoring of biofluid pressure in different parts of the circulatory systems.
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Ziock, Klaus-Peter, Joshua B. Braverman, Mark J. Harrison, Donald Eric Hornback, Lorenzo Fabris, and Jason Newby. Crystal Compton Camera. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1328267.

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Abruna, Hector D. Electrochemistry in Liquid Crystals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada191554.

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Edwards, D. F. Raman scattering in crystals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7032252.

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Hofmeister, R., A. Kewitsch, A. Agranat, and A. Yariv. Research in Photorefractive Crystals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada260391.

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