Relevant bibliographies by topics / Crowbar Operation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Crowbar Operation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Crowbar Operation"

1

Ling, Yu, Zhenlan Dou, Qiang Gao, and Xu Cai. "Improvement of the Low-Voltage Ride-through Capability of Doubly Fed Induction Generator Wind Turbines." Wind Engineering 36, no. 5 (October 2012): 535–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0309-524x.36.5.535.

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So far, active crowbars are a preferred technique for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines, which is used to protect the power converter against over-current and undesirably high dc link voltage during voltage dip. However, its main drawbacks are that (1) the DFIG absorbs reactive power from the grid during grid voltage dips, (2) the crowbar activation increases the acceleration of the rotor and so, deteriorates the dynamic stability of DFIG, and (3) the control is not flexible for long-time voltage sags. In the paper, three different initiating logic control methods of crowbar protection are compared, and how low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) characteristics of DFIG wind turbines with active crowbar are affected by different switching logic control modes of the crowbar are investigated. According to the comparison results, an improved crowbar switching control strategy is proposed to reduce its operation time and improve the LVRT capability of DFIG wind turbines. In addition, an emergency pitch blade angle control scheme to reduce the acceleration of the rotor and prevent the over-speeding of rotor is presented in detail, and as a result, the LVRT capability of DFIG wind turbines is enhanced even during long-time voltage sags. Finally, the presented control strategies are validated in simulation tool Matalab/Simulink for a 1.5MW generator.
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Rihan, Mahmoud, Mahmoud Nasrallah, Barkat Hasanin, and Adel El-Shahat. "A Proposed Controllable Crowbar for a Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Generator, a Grid-Integrated Wind Turbine." Energies 15, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 3894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15113894.

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Brushless doubly fed reluctance generators (BDFRGs) are hopeful generators for using inside variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs), as these generators introduce a promising economical value because of their lower manufacturing and maintenance costs besides their higher reliability. For integrating WT generators, global networks codes require enabling these generators to stay connected under grid disturbances. The behavior of the BDFRG is strongly affected by grid disturbances, due to the small rating of the used partial power converters, as these converters cannot withstand high faults currents which leads to quick tripping of BDFRG. VSWTs can be safeguarded against faults using the crowbar. Usually, the conventual crowbar is shunt connected across the converter to protect it, but this configuration leads to absorbing reactive power with huge amounts from the grid, leading for more voltage decaying and more power system stability deterioration. This study proposes a simpler self-controllable crowbar to enhance the ability of the BDFRG to remain in service under faults. The operation technique of the proposed crowbar is compared to other crowbar operation techniques, the effectiveness of the proposed system would be analyzed. Through the simulation results and behavior analysis, the proposed crowbar technique demonstrates a decent improvement in the conduct of the studied system under faults.
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Li, Yin Xing, Peng Hui Liu, and Jun Li Zhang. "Research on Low Voltage Ride-Through Technique in DD-PMSG Wind Power Generator System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 300-301 (February 2013): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.300-301.108.

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In order to achieve the power grid voltage default ride-through, the permanent magnet direct-drive type wind power generator system is employed. The Crowbar resistance and the STATCOM operation mode are two effective methods to control the DC capacitor voltage not to rise and to help the power grid voltage restoration. The power grid voltage default is little and the STATCOM operation mode is applied. The Crowbar resistance is invested to the wind power generator system when the voltage default is large. The methods introduced in this paper are applied in other variable speed fixed frequency wind power generator system.
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Zhang, Dahai, Ying Chen, Jing Yang, Ming Tan, Xiandong Ma, and Wei Li. "Fault Ride-Through Analysis and Protection of a 2-MW DFIG Tidal Current Turbine." Marine Technology Society Journal 49, no. 5 (September 1, 2015): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.49.5.1.

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AbstractThe purposes of this article are to report on a study of fault ride-through (FRT) capability improvements of a tidal current turbine with a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) and to investigate protection schemes for power electronic converters without disconnection during grid faults. A dynamic model of a DFIG tidal current turbine is described in the article, taking into account the effect of crowbar protection on the system when subjected to disturbances, such as short circuit faults. Investigations into the dynamic behavior of tidal current turbines are made through extensive simulations via PSCAD/EMTDC software. The research demonstrates that both the timing of crowbar removal and the value of crowbar resistance have a significant impact on the system voltage recovery following grid faults. The article also demonstrates that the selection of an appropriate crowbar resistor value is critical in order to ensure that the DFIG returns to normal operation with active and reactive power control as quickly as possible.
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Su, Yinsheng, Sijia Tu, Guanghu Xu, Ligang Zhao, Haicheng Yao, Guanbiao Huang, and Bao Li. "Short-circuit Current Engineering Calculation Method Considering Crowbar Operation Priority Degree of DFIG." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2496, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2496/1/012031.

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Abstract When fault occurs in high wind power proportion grid, the control strategy and external characteristics of the wind power plant are affected by voltage drop of grid, so the traditional short-circuit current engineering calculation is difficult to converge. A short-circuit current engineering calculation method for high wind power proportion grid, considering grid node importance evaluation and crowbar protection of DFIG(double-fed induction generator), is proposed. This paper proposes the external equivalent model of the DFIG when fault occurs in grid, considers voltage drop degree and node importance indexes, and determines the weight of each index through Delphi method. The DFIG crowbar operation priority is evaluated to ensure the successful convergence of calculation and the maximum voltage support of wind power plants. The study case shows that proposed method is superior to the traditional method.
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6

G, SENTHIL KUMARAN, KUMAR V J F, and DIVAKER DURAIRAJ C. "Bio-mechanical analysis on selected agricultural hand tools." Madras Agricultural Journal 91, March (2004): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00056.

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Bio-mechanical analysis of agricultural hand tools viz. crowbar, hand hoc, spade and sickle was conducted. Pertinent anthropometric parameters of male and female farm workers of the southern districts of Tamil Nadu were measured. A bio- mechanical analysis on the work posture indicated that the reaction force on neck. for the operation of crowbar, different spades, hand hoes and sickle were 21.8, 24- 26, 17-21 and 18.9 kg respectively. The crowbar and spade caused 21.8 kg and 88- 110 kg of reaction forces respectively on biceps. The same for hand hoe and sickle was 41 and 2.6 kg respectively. The reaction force due to hand grip was 4.8 and 1-1.3 kg for crow bar and spade respectively. The reaction force on lumbosacral joint for spade, hand hoe and sickel was 248-394, 311-388 and 280 kg respectively. It was negligible for crow bar.
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7

Le, Thai Hiep, and Duong Hoang Phuc Tran. "Study on operating modes of doubly fed induction generator with a short circuit fault on grid near the wind power plant." Journal of Science, Quy Nhon University 15, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52111/qnjs.2021.15104.

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In this paper, the operating mode of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine is studied in order to evaluate its fault ride-through and transient stability with a grid’s short circuit fault at near the wind power plant. Based on the structure of DFIG, external resistors are directly connected to rotor windings, then the generator operates as a wound rotor induction generator (WRIG) when there is a short circuit fault on the grid. According to the simulation results in Matlab, the active power is consumed on the crowbar resistor, causing the active power characteristic of generator is changed from high to low. As a result, the amount of excess mechanical energy is not much, so the generator be not accelerated significantly. These simulation results show that it is appropriate to use the crowbar resistor to change the power characteristic of the DFIG. Thanks to this change, the generator is still connected to the grid, stable operation both during and after a short circuit.
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8

Yang, Xi Yun, Li Xia Li, and Ya Min Zhang. "Control for Dc-Bus Voltage Using Grid Voltage Feed-Forward and Crowbar Circuit." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 1727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1727.

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The DC bus voltage is key variable for the operation of converter system in a wind power system. When grid voltage drops, a control of the DC bus voltage is needed to keep the smoothness of DC bus voltage for avoiding generator cutting off grid. A combined control method based on the grid voltage information feedforward with a crowbar circuit is proposed for a direct-drive wind power system in the paper. The unbalanced energy of the DC bus can be unleashed by the crowbar circuit during the dropping of grid voltage. At the same time, the output power of motor-side converter can be controlled to decrease according to the grid-side voltage information, and the mechanical speed of wind turbine and generator can be suppressed by the pitch angle regulation when the output power reduces. Thus, the DC-bus voltage can keep smooth. Results based on Matlab/Simulink simulation shows that this method not only improves dynamic response performance of DC bus voltages control, but also reduces the action time of crowbar circuit. It is benefit to the ability of the wind power system riding through the grid fault.
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Chen, Jiming, Yuanhao Wang, Mingxiao Zhu, Qianyu Yu, and Jiacai Li. "Improved Rotor Braking Protection Circuit and Self-Adaptive Control for DFIG during Grid Fault." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 24, 2019): 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101994.

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This paper introduces an improved rotor braking protection circuit configuration and the corresponding self-adaptive control strategy to enhance the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). The proposed protection circuit consists of a crowbar circuit and a series rotor braking resistor array, which guarantees the safe operation of wind generators under the LVRT. Moreover, to adapt the proposed protection and further enhance the performance of the improved configuration, a corresponding self-adaptive control strategy is presented, which regulates the rotor braking resistor and protection exiting time automatically through calculating the rotor current in the fault period. The LVRT capability and transient performance of the DFIG by using the proposed method is tested with simulation. Compared with the conventional crowbar protection or the fixed rotor braking protection, the proposed protection and the control strategy present several advantages, such as retaining the control of the rotor side converter, avoiding repeated operation of the protection and accelerating the damping of stator flux linkage during a grid fault.
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10

Onishi, Koji, Yingxiao Li, Kenta Koiwa, Fang Liu, Tadanao Zanma, and Kang-Zhi Liu. "Analysis on the operation of crowbar in doubly fed induction generators." Electric Power Systems Research 215 (February 2023): 108950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2022.108950.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crowbar Operation"

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Ozakturk, Meliksah. "Power electronic systems design co-ordination for doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/power-electronic-systems-design-coordination-for-doublyfed-induction-generator-wind-turbines(ebe4de00-07ad-4b06-8b8d-79be291804e7).html.

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Wind turbine modelling using doubly-fed induction generators is a well-known subject. However, studies have tended to focus on optimising the components of the system rather than considering the interaction between the components. This research examines the interaction of the control methods for a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) in a wind turbine application integrating them with the crowbar protection control and DC-link brake control to make the best use of the converter. The controls of the rotor-side and the grid-side converters of the DFIG model are both well established and have been shown to work. Typically the crowbar protection is designed in order to protect the rotor-side converter and the power electronic components of the DFIG system from high currents occurring in the rotor due to the faults. The DC-link brake-overvoltage protection is also designed to prevent the overcharging of the DC-link capacitor placed between the rotor-side converter and the grid-side converter. In order to show that these protection schemes work and with thought can co-ordinate with each other, tests consisting of a number of balanced three-, two- and one-phase voltage sags are applied to the network voltage. The main contributions of this thesis are establishing operational tuning and design limits for the controllers and system subassemblies. This is to minimise the electrical subsystem interaction while maintaining adequate performance, and have an improved DC-link control. This work also includes a full electrical system study of the wind turbine and an essential literature review on significant references in the field of the DFIG wind turbine system modelling, control and protection. Specifically this research project makes a number of novel contributions to the literature: enhanced DC voltage control including operating point sensitivity analysis and dynamic stiffness assessment, sensitivity and robustness analyses of the power loop control and control loop segmentation by appropriately tuning the controller loops.
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Joshi, T. G. Subhash. "Power Electronic Technologies for Medium and High Power High Voltage Power Supplies." Thesis, 2017. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4322.

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The performance of systems used in various high voltage applications depend majorly on the output voltage ripple of High Voltage Power Supplies (HVPS). One of the failure mode of microwave tube (MWT) commonly used in these applications is due to the energy accumulation above the specified limit during fault events due to higher stored energy in HVPS. This demands either a protection for MWT or reduced ripple voltage without increasing the stored energy. This thesis investigates a protection device for MWT that operate with MW power level HVPS, and design method to reduce the output voltage ripple for medium power HVPS. A crowbar is an energy diverting device connected in parallel with the MWT. It protects the tube during fault by providing an alternative path for the ow of energy. Conventional crowbars are built using either mercury or nitrogen gas-based switches. Due to the environmental concern and higher operational cost, the state-of-the-art is to replace these devices with semiconductor devices, referred to as solid state crowbar (SSC). This research, models and designs the subcomponents of an SSC, including: (i) Modelling of fault current, and a fuse wire that is used to emulate a MWT during internal arc (ii) Design of di=dt limiting inductor (iii) Design of static and dynamic voltage balancing network for the thyristor (iv) Mechanical assembly design that ensures meeting the required crowbar electrical characteristics (v) Selection of cost-effective semiconductor device for crowbar application (vi) Thermal modelling of crowbar for pulse power applications (vii) Selection of cable for the pulse power application. In a switched converter topology, the causes of output voltage ripple are: the switch action, input dc ripple, and variations in the load. In this thesis the influence of input voltage ripple on the output dc voltage, called Audio Susceptibility (AS), is discussed. AS of load resonant converters has not been widely studied in literature. This research uses exact discretization method to obtain: (i) The analytical large signal and cyclic steady state model of the Series Resonant Converter (SRC) considering the resonant tank and output filter states (ii) The analytical small signal AS model of the SRC, and resonant gain condition for input ripple (iii) The design of an SRC for superior AS performance (iv) A comparison of SRC design for (a) superior AS performance and (b) maximum power transfer capability (v) A selection of SRC components including the high voltage high frequency magnetics and selection of the MosFET. All the modelling and design method considered in this work has been verified by experimental studies on two 10MW, 10kV peak power SSC and a 10kW, 10kV SRC that has been fabricated as a part of the research.
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Conference papers on the topic "Crowbar Operation"

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Grabowski, C., J. H. Degnan, M. Domonkos, E. L. Ruden, J. Parker, J. F. Camacho, J. McCullough, W. Sommars, G. A. Wurden, and T. E. Weber. "Operation of parallel rail-gap switches in a high-current, low-inductance crowbar switch." In 2015 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference (PPC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ppc.2015.7296980.

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2

Maoze Wang, Wei Xu, Hongjie Jia, and Xinghuo Yu. "A novel method to optimize the active crowbar resistance for low voltage ride through operation of doubly-fed induction generator based on wind energy." In 2012 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2012.6237219.

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