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Journal articles on the topic 'Cross-device system'

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1

Wu, Yue, Siyi Wang, Wuling Liu, Weisi Guo, and Xiaoli Chu. "Iunius: A Cross-Layer Peer-to-Peer System With Device-to-Device Communications." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 15, no. 10 (October 2016): 7005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2594225.

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ZHENG Tian-li, 郑田莉, 付威威 FU Wei-wei, and 朱海龙 ZHU Hai-long. "Design and implementation of optical system for corneal cross-linking device." Optics and Precision Engineering 27, no. 6 (2019): 1286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/ope.20192706.1286.

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3

Hagiwara, Takuma, Kazuki Takashima, Morten Fjeld, and Yoshifumi Kitamura. "CamCutter: Impromptu Vision-Based Cross-Device Application Sharing." Interacting with Computers 31, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 539–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iwcomp/iwz035.

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Abstract As the range of handheld, mobile and desktop devices expands and worldwide demand for collaborative application tools increases, there is a growing need for higher speed impromptu cross-device application sharing to keep up with workplace requirements for on-site or remote collaborations. To address this, we have developed CamCutter, a cross-device interaction technique enabling a user to quickly select and share an application running on another screen using the camera of a handheld device. This technique can accurately identify the targeted application on a display using our adapted computer vision algorithm, system architecture and software implementation, allowing impromptu real-time and synchronized application sharing between devices. For desktop and meeting room set-ups, we performed a technical evaluation, measuring accuracy and speed of migration. For a single-user reading task and a collaborative composition task, we carried out a user study comparing our technique with commercial screen sharing applications. The results of this study showed both higher performance and preference for our system. Finally, we discuss CamCutter’s limitations and present insights for future vision-based cross-device application sharing.
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Yang, Juechen, Jun Kong, and Chunying Zhao. "A Smartphone-Based Cursor Position System in Cross-Device Interaction Using Machine Learning Techniques." Sensors 21, no. 5 (February 28, 2021): 1665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051665.

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The use of mobile devices, especially smartphones, has become popular in recent years. There is an increasing need for cross-device interaction techniques that seamlessly integrate mobile devices and large display devices together. This paper develops a novel cross-device cursor position system that maps a mobile device’s movement on a flat surface to a cursor’s movement on a large display. The system allows a user to directly manipulate objects on a large display device through a mobile device and supports seamless cross-device data sharing without physical distance restrictions. To achieve this, we utilize sound localization to initialize the mobile device position as the starting location of a cursor on the large screen. Then, the mobile device’s movement is detected through an accelerometer and is accordingly translated to the cursor’s movement on the large display using machine learning models. In total, 63 features and 10 classifiers were employed to construct the machine learning models for movement detection. The evaluation results have demonstrated that three classifiers, in particular, gradient boosting, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and naïve Bayes, are suitable for detecting the movement of a mobile device.
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Geng, Xiao-Meng, Si-Chen Mi, Tie-Jun Wang, Lin-Yan He, and Chuan Wang. "Plasmonic band-pass filter device using coupled asymmetric cross-shaped cavity." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 01 (January 10, 2017): 1750001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917500014.

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In this paper, a novel plasmonic band-pass filter by using the system consisting four waveguides and an asymmetric cross-shaped resonator is proposed. The plasmonic system is based on the metal–insulator–metal (MIM) structure which could overcome the diffraction limit and exhibit various promising applications. Here, we investigate the transmission spectra of the cross-shaped resonator by using finite-different-time-domain (FDTD) method and we find that the peak-wavelength on different ports show redshift or blueshift behaviors which are linearly changed with the length of cavity or the coupling distance. Moreover, the wavelength filter could be achieved and further applied in optical signal integrated circuits.
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Song, Zhi Hui, Lu Yang Jing, Pan Zhang, Jian Sun, and Qiong Liu. "Design and Implementation of DSP Based Cross-Platform Material Scratch Test Control System." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 1578–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.1578.

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Scratch test is mainly used for quantitative measurement of mechanical properties of coating materials in the field of modern materials testing. Advanced materials research have higher accuracy and stability requirements for scratch device but the control system the device mainly use can’t achieve dynamic and fast scratch because of the slow feedback. This paper designed a cross-platform material scratch test control system based on DSP data transmission and multi-axes control technique. System integrates good dynamic response sensors and advanced piezoelectric ceramic feed system, implements multi-axis synchronous control through the motion controller and running state monitoring through the DSP module .Adopting the standard PCI interface and cross-platform software development, the system has good portability.
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Liang, Shaobo, and Dan Wu. "Predicting Academic Digital Library OPAC Users’ Cross-device Transitions." Data and Information Management 3, no. 1 (March 19, 2019): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dim-2019-0001.

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Abstract With more and more users using different devices, such as personal computers, iPads, and smartphones, they can access OPAC (online public access catalog) services and other digital library services in different contexts. This leads to the phenomenon that user’s behavior can be transferred to different devices, which leads to the richness and diversity of user’s behavior data in digital libraries. A large number of user data challenge digital libraries to analyze user’s behavior, such as search preferences and borrowing habits. In this study, we study the user’s cross-device transition behavior when using OPAC. Based on the large-scale OPAC transaction log, the online activities between device transitions in the process of using OPAC are studied. In order to predict the follow-up activities that users may take, and the next device that users may use, we detect features from several perspectives and analyze the feature importance. We find that the activity and time interval on the first device are more important for predicting the user’s next activity and the next device. In addition, features of operating system help to better predict the next device. The next device used is more likely to predict the next activity after the device transition. This study examines the cross-device transition prediction in library OPAC, which can help libraries provide smart services for users when accessing OPAC on different devices.
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8

Moriwaki, Osamu, Kazuto Noguchi, Hiroshi Takahashi, Tadashi Sakamoto, Ken-Ichi Sato, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Masayuki Okuno, and Yasuji Ohmori. "Development of Terabit-Scale Compact Hierarchical Optical Cross-Connect System Using Planar Device Integration." Journal of Lightwave Technology 29, no. 4 (February 2011): 449–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2010.2100805.

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9

Zhang, Huan, Ming Liu, and Ding Jun Hu. "Integrated Civil Monitoring System Based on POSA." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1599.

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As the rapid development of network communication and multimedia technology,demand of integrated civil monitoring system is increasing. In this paper, an integrated civil monitoring system based on POSA(Pluggable Objects and Services Architecture) is presented. The proposed integrated civil monitoring system can be run on multiple hardware, platforms and operating systems to support distributed computing, to provide cross-network interaction. It also supports standard protocols and quickly access various device interface.What is more, our system can provide transparency applicable or service interaction in different hardware, platforms and operating system.
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10

Tomlinson, Bill, Man Lok Yau, Eric Baumer, Joel Ross, Andrew Correa, and Gang Ji. "Richly Connected Systems and Multi-Device Worlds." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 18, no. 1 (February 1, 2009): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.18.1.54.

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Many human activities now take place in settings that include several computational devices—such as desktop computers, laptops, and mobile phones—in the same physical space. However, we lack interaction paradigms that support a coherent experience across these collocated technologies and enable them to work effectively as systems. This article presents a conceptual framework for building richly connected systems of collocated devices, and offers two implemented examples of interactive virtual worlds built on this framework. Aspects of this framework include multiple channels of real and apparent connectivity among devices: for example, multiple kinds of data networking, cross-device graphics and sound, and embodied mobile agents that inhabit the multi-device system. In addition, integration of the system with the physical world helps bridge the gap between devices. We evaluate the framework in terms of the types of user experiences afforded and enabled by the implemented systems. We also present a number of lessons learned from this evaluation regarding how to develop richly connected systems using heterogeneous devices, as well as the expectations that users bring to this kind of system. The core contribution of this paper is a novel framework for collocated multi-device systems; by presenting this framework, this paper lays the groundwork for a wide range of potential applications.
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11

Zeng, Limin, and Gerhard Weber. "GeoCoach: A cross-device hypermedia system to assist visually impaired people to gain environmental accessibility." Informatik-Spektrum 40, no. 6 (September 25, 2017): 527–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00287-017-1071-0.

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Dong, Shaofeng, Yahai Wang, Wei Hu, Guangshan Zhang, and Jinsong Zhan. "Constant temperature control system of building energy system." Thermal Science 25, no. 4 Part B (2021): 2853–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2104853d.

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Due to the poor effect of traditional systems on constant temperature control, the paper proposes to design an embedded continuous temperature control system in a dynamic, intelligent building. In the smart building, the thesis takes the building as the research object and uses the embedded technology to design the overall structure diagram of the system. The thesis aims at the output control module of the thermostat. It uses the Peltier effect to develop the thermocouple closed-loop and drives the semiconductor refrigeration device select. In the software part, the paper establishes a cross-compilation environment, transplants embedded kernels, and sets fuzzy rules for constant temperature control. The validity of the system design is verified through experiments. It can be seen from the experimental results that the system has a better thermostat control effect.
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Wu, Po-Tsung, and Tsair-Chun Liang. "Design of Novel Fiber Optical Flexible Routing System." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (November 7, 2019): 4763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224763.

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In this paper, we propose a new versatile routing device that utilizes arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), optical switches, and optical circulators to implement reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs), optical interleavers, and optical cross-connect (OXC). With the development of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology, ROADM and OXC technologies have also been put into practical use. Thus, the optical signal can be routed directly in the optical network according to its wavelength without the need for optical-electrical-optical (OEO) conversion. Although different optical network units (ONUs) have different bandwidth requirements, the use of optical interleavers has successfully solved the connection problem between old and new systems. According to the numerical experiments of static characteristics, the proposed routing device can effectively implement three different functionalities, thereby providing greater flexibility for fiber optic network applications.
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14

Xu, Jian, and Ke Xing Chen. "Development of the Coaxiality Calibration System Based on the American Standard ASTME1012." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.481.

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This paper describes the composition of the Coaxiality Calibration System based on the American Standard ASTME1012. The design of the test bar with different cross-section shape, the paste method of the strain gauge and formation of bridge are illustrated in the paper. The paper also introduces the signal amplifier, data collection system and measurement software in detail. The measurement precision of the coaxiality calibration device is up to grade 0.5.The device has successfully conducted coaxiality measurement and verification in fatigue testing machine, universal testing machine and material testing machine and achieved good test effect.
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15

Wang, Yan Long, Jun Hua Zhang, Lu Lu Bu, Jun Yang, and Xin Ling Shi. "Flow Measurement with Digital Correlator Realized by FPGA." Advanced Materials Research 462 (February 2012): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.462.641.

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Cross correlator is the core device of the cross-correlation flow measurement system. This paper describes the theory of the cross-correlation flow measurement system and realizes the digital correlator for flow measurement based on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The correlation algorithm is realized by verilog language, and the result of Modelsim simulation shows that this correlator can be used to calculate the cross functions of random signal. This correlator which has a simple hardware structure, high reliability and high accuracy, can meet the demand of the real-time flow measurement system.
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16

Lu, Ya Ping, Tian Lin Song, and Hai Qing Liu. "Influence of Silicon Controlled Rectifier Voltage Regulation Device under DDC-Temperature Control." Advanced Materials Research 706-708 (June 2013): 826–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.826.

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In the boiler heating control device of combining DDC and the silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulation device, there are phase shift trigger, pulse width modulation (PWM) and cycle wave cross zero trigger (CYC). Under the different silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulation devices, there are different influences for DDC. It makes the best of the cycle characteristics of the alternating current (AC) for the cycle wave cross zero trigger (CYC). For DDC - temperature control system, there are advantages of high control accuracy, less interference and power source pollution.
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17

Dan, Xizuo, Junrui Li, Qihan Zhao, Fangyuan Sun, Yonghong Wang, and Lianxiang Yang. "A Cross-Dichroic-Prism-Based Multi-Perspective Digital Image Correlation System." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (February 16, 2019): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040673.

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A robust three-perspective digital image correlation (DIC) system based on a cross dichroic prism and single three charge-coupled device (3CCD) color cameras is proposed in this study. Images from three different perspectives are captured by a 3CCD camera using the cross dichroic prism and two planar mirrors. These images are then separated by different CCD channels to perform correlation calculation with an existing multi-camera DIC algorithm. The proposed system is considerably more compact than the conventional multi-camera DIC system. In addition, the proposed system has no loss of spatial resolution compared with the traditional single-camera DIC system. The principle and experimental setup of the proposed system is described in detail, and a series of tests is performed to validate the system. Experimental results show that the proposed system performs well in displacement, morphology, and strain measurement.
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18

Schmidt, Wolfram, Carsten Tautorat, Kerstin Schümann, Peter Behrens, Niels Grabow, Olaf Specht, Frank Kamke, and Klaus-Peter Schmitz. "Balloon-based measuring system for compliance investigations." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 4, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2018-0129.

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AbstractFor the development of new stent designs, the compliance of the surrounding biological tissue has to be considered. We expect to obtain parameters for simulation, stent dimensioning, and the forces acting on the stent after implantation. Starting point of the investigations is the commercially available Metricath system allowing cross-sectional lumen area measurements of arteries. Its working principle is based on the pressure-volume relationship using a balloon catheter, which is inflated to a specific pressure of about 250 mmHg and conforms to the shape and size of the lumen. However, for compliance charts multiple pressure levels and a larger pressure range are needed. To overcome this technical limitation, the Metricath balloon catheter is combined with a new inflation device, called pV-Monitor. The presented cross-sectional lumen area measurements in rigid tubes and compliance investigations of elastic tubes demonstrate the feasibility of the pV-Monitor system.
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Song, Xiao Ruan, Yu Ting Qu, Xiao Yun Zhang, Wei Niu, and Yu Feng Jiang. "Design and Analysis of the Support System for Cement-Base Formwork." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1249.

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The cement-base composite formwork reinforced by FRP is developed to act as permanent construction formwork. Considering such properties as the minor stiffness out of the plain and the smaller bending resistance of the formwork, the matched cross support device is designed which can be recycled. In this paper, components of the support device and the corresponding functions are introduced, the technological process is described. By means of finite element program, the appropriate support distances of formwork during concrete placement are calculated, the stress and deformation performances are also analyzed. In the end, economic benefit and environment efficiency of the permanent formwork system are discussed. The above research results indicate the feasibility and economy of the support system, which present a gist for investigation and application of the permanent FRP cement composite formwork.
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Hamilton, Andrew, François Cazenave, Dominic Forbush, Ryan G. Coe, and Giorgio Bacelli. "The MBARI-WEC: a power source for ocean sensing." Journal of Ocean Engineering and Marine Energy 7, no. 2 (May 2021): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40722-021-00197-9.

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AbstractInterest in wave energy converters to provide autonomous power to various ocean-bound systems, such as autonomous underwater vehicles, sensor systems, and even aquaculture farms, has grown in recent years. The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute has developed and deployed a small two-body point absorber wave energy device suitable to such needs. This paper provides a description of the system to support future open-source access to the device and further the general development of similar wave energy systems. Additionally, to support future control design and system modification efforts, a set of hydrodynamic models are presented and cross-compared. To test the viability of using a linear frequency-domain admittance model for controller tuning, the linear model is compared against four WEC-Sim models of increasing complexity. The linear frequency-domain model is found to be generally adequate for capturing system dynamics, as the model agreement is good and the degree of nonlinearity introduced in the WEC-Sim models is generally less than 2.5%.
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Mae, Shinichi, Takeshi Tawara, Hidekazu Tsuchida, and Masashi Kato. "Microscopic FCA System for Depth-Resolved Carrier Lifetime Measurement in SiC." Materials Science Forum 924 (June 2018): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.924.269.

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For high voltage SiC bipolar devices, carrier lifetime is an important parameter, and for optimization of device performance, we need to control distribution of the carrier lifetime in a wafer. So far, there have been limited systems for depth-resolved carrier lifetime measurements without cross sectional cut. In this study, we adopted a free carrier absorption technique and made local overlapping of the probe laser light with excitation laser light to develop depth-resolved carrier lifetime measurements. We named the developed system a microscopic FCA system and demonstrated measurement results for samples with and without intentional carrier lifetime distribution.
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22

Chang, J. R., and C. N. Wang. "Bass Extension of Microspeaker System on Mobile Device." Journal of Mechanics 35, no. 4 (August 2, 2018): 487–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2018.28.

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ABSTRACTThis study provides a solution for the bass extension of a microspeaker system in a mobile device that involves using a resonant combination of a front chamber and a rectangular, long, pipe-shaped port. The efficient resonant coupling of the microspeaker system to the acoustic load in this structure enables a microspeaker with modest cone displacement to achieve a high sound pressure level (SPL) and bass extension below the resonance of the microspeaker in free air, and the total dimensions of the structure are minimized. A combination of electro-mechanic-acoustic and finite element methods was applied to determine the SPL and bass extension levels for mobile devices. Simulation results show acceptable agreement with experimental results. A suitable extended-range microspeaker system was applied in a 10 inch tablet. The audio frequency response could be extended from 630 to 300 Hz with the greatest loudness. As much as possible add low bound frequency extension to make the article more clear. Finally, five cases of parameter settings for the front chamber volume, rear chamber volume, rectangular pipe-shaped port, cross-sectional area, and opening area were studied. The results can be applied for optimizing a suitable extended-range microspeaker system.
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Khan, Sobia Ali, Geun Ho Lee, Chandreswar Mahata, Muhammad Ismail, Hyungjin Kim, and Sungjun Kim. "Bipolar and Complementary Resistive Switching Characteristics and Neuromorphic System Simulation in a Pt/ZnO/TiN Synaptic Device." Nanomaterials 11, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11020315.

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In this work, a ZnO-based resistive switching memory device is characterized by using simplified electrical conduction models. The conventional bipolar resistive switching and complementary resistive switching modes are accomplished by tuning the bias voltage condition. The material and chemical information of the device stack including the interfacial layer of TiON is well confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The device exhibits uniform gradual bipolar resistive switching (BRS) with good endurance and self-compliance characteristics. Moreover, complementary resistive switching (CRS) is achieved by applying the compliance current at negative bias and increasing the voltage at positive bias. The synaptic behaviors such as long-term potentiation and long-term depression are emulated by applying consecutive pulse input to the device. The CRS mode has a higher array size in the cross-point array structure than the BRS mode due to more nonlinear I–V characteristics in the CRS mode. However, we reveal that the BRS mode shows a better pattern recognition rate than the CRS mode due to more uniform conductance update.
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Ren, Jie, Xichao Ruan, Jie Bao, Guangyuan Luan, Hanxiong Huang, and Yangbo Nie. "Introduction of a C6D6 detector system on the Back-n of CSNS." EPJ Web of Conferences 239 (2020): 17021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023917021.

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Radiative neutron capture cross sections are very important in the field of basic physics research and nuclear device R&D. The Back-n white neutron beam line of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is the first spallation neutron beam line in China. On the purpose for radiative neutron capture cross section measurement, a C6D6 detector system was built in the Back-n experimental station. The pulse height weighting technique (PHWT) was used to make the system’s detective efficiency independent of the cascade path and the energy of cascade gamma rays. The neutron energy spectrum was measured for the energy between 1eV and 80keV with a 6Li loaded ZnS scintillation detector. Besides, a testing experiment with 197Au and 169Tm samples was carried out to examine this system. According to the preliminary results, this C6D6 detector system can be used to perform neutron capture cross section measurement.
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Kolomeets, Andrey, and Tatyana Sych. "Сalibration method for a strain-gauge measurement system based on bidirectional rail loading." MATEC Web of Conferences 216 (2018): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821603005.

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At present, all railways tend to increase the speed of passenger trains and axle loads in transportation of goods. These processes contribute to the improvement of rolling stocks and railway infrastructures. At the same time, there is a need to maintain a high level of safety in transportation. Therefore, experimental research and feasibility studies of the existing monitoring solutions are of the highest priority. Being experimental in nature, this study is aimed at increasing the reliability of the strain-gauge method in measurement of dynamic forces transferred from the wheel to the rail in real operating conditions. Rail strains were experimentally studied under bidirectional loading using a special-purpose impact device. Results of this research are presented in the paper. An experimental measuring section was created for recording loads. Strain gauges were installed on rails in several cross-sections. Rails were loaded with a special-purpose device, which was designed to adjust a loading force and shift a contact point. The structure of the loading device and its basic features are described in the paper.
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Sun, Lin Jun. "Development of Travel Reservation System for Mobile Platform." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 3099–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.3099.

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To overcome deficiencies in the mobile tourism applications such as underutilization of mobile device capabilities and poor user experience, a low-cost and cross-platform mobile travel reservation system was designed. Based on business process optimization of client-side, the mobile app was built by using HTML5, CSS3 and jQuery technology. Additionally, the system uses Ajax asynchronous interactive technology to improve response time. The practical application of this system shows that it can work equally well on multiple mobile platform. The characteristics of flat UI design, convenient operation and good user experience stretch its application prospects.
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Stone, Brian, Bert P. Cundick, and Dave Swanson. "Special Education Screening System: Group Achievement Test." Exceptional Children 55, no. 1 (September 1988): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440298805500109.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of standardized group achievement testing in screening and identifying mildly handicapped students for referral to special education programs. Stanford Achievement Test scores of students already placed in either regular or special education programs in four elementary schools were arranged according to four cutoff points: 20th, 15th, 10th, and 5th percentiles. At the 10th percentile cutoff, 71% of the special education and 97% of the regular education students were correctly identified. These results were cross-validated for students at two other elementary schools. The potential uses of this identification method as a preliminary screening device are discussed—particularly at a lower cutoff point of the 5th percentile.
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Fleischmann, Patrick, Heinz Mathis, Jakub Kucera, and Stefan Dahinden. "Implementation of a Cross-Spectrum FFT Analyzer for a Phase-Noise Test System in a Low-Cost FPGA." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2015 (September 17, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/757591.

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The cross-correlation method allows phase-noise measurements of high-quality devices with very low noise levels, using reference sources with higher noise levels than the device under test. To implement this method, a phase-noise analyzer needs to compute the cross-spectral density, that is, the Fourier transform of the cross-correlation, of two time series over a wide frequency range, from fractions of Hz to tens of MHz. Furthermore, the analyzer requires a high dynamic range to accommodate the phase noise of high-quality oscillators that may fall off by more than 100 dB from close-in noise to the noise floor at large frequency offsets. This paper describes the efficient implementation of a cross-spectrum analyzer in a low-cost FPGA, as part of a modern phase-noise analyzer with very fast measurement time.
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Kraus, Matthias, Erik Förster, Verena Bagusat, Tobias Hönle, Xavier Uwurukundo, Patrick Bohnert, Robert Brüning, Hartmut Hillmer, and Robert Brunner. "Compact, astigmatism corrected cross-grating spectrometer." EPJ Web of Conferences 238 (2020): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023803005.

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Compact cross-grating spectrometers are inspired by classical high-end Echelle spectrometers and allow to acquire a large spectrum with a high spectral resolution in a single shot. To decrease the size of an Echelle spectrometer substantially, a cross grating was employed combining both required dispersive functionalities. First, an Echelle grating diffracts light in several higher diffraction orders, while a superposed, perpendicularly oriented cross-disperser is used in first diffraction order. In this contribution, we report on the realization of a cross-grating spectrometer employing a folded reflective beam path. A toric-convex mirror was introduced allowing aberration compensation. We present the basic concept and optical design of the system and discuss the mechanical implementation and the adjustment process. Here, different laser sources and gas emission lamps are used to realize the system and derive the optical performance. In particular, the spectral resolution in the different diffraction orders is determined for the realized device.
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Samsonovich, S. L., B. K. Fedotov, and R. V. Goryunov. "ON THE RESTORATION OF THE KINEMATIC ACCURACY OF LARGE-SIZE ROTARY-DRIVE DEVICE LONG TIME ABANDONED." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 273 (December 2019): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2019.12.pp.019-031.

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Restoration of the rotary-drive device after a long non-use is an important strategic task, and the search for a way to restore it is an urgent task of the study. Previously it was found that the long-term non-use of the rotary-drive device led to a deterioration in the kinematic accuracy of its gearboxes. This article discusses possible options for restoring the kinematic accuracy of gearboxes of the rotary-drive device by increasing the metal or introducing into the control system an electromechanical device for selecting the backlash. It is shown that the restoration of the geometry of gears, as well as the bearing seats is possible, however, it requires the use of specialized equipment and significant costs. Ensuring the required kinematic accuracy due to the introduction of an electromechanical choice of backlash is achieved by considering the two schemes of the backlash-picker. The performed simulation of the operation of the drive system with an electromechanical choice of backlash in the Simulink system showed that the use of a scheme with cross-links allows for the required kinematic accuracy without significant costs. As a result, it can be argued that the introduction of an electromechanical backlash device can restore the kinematic accuracy of the rotary-drive device to acceptable values.
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Takamatsu, Toshihiro, Yuichi Kitagawa, Kohei Akimoto, Ren Iwanami, Yuto Endo, Kenji Takashima, Kyohei Okubo, et al. "Over 1000 nm Near-Infrared Multispectral Imaging System for Laparoscopic In Vivo Imaging." Sensors 21, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 2649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082649.

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In this study, a laparoscopic imaging device and a light source able to select wavelengths by bandpass filters were developed to perform multispectral imaging (MSI) using over 1000 nm near-infrared (OTN-NIR) on regions under a laparoscope. Subsequently, MSI (wavelengths: 1000–1400 nm) was performed using the built device on nine live mice before and after tumor implantation. The normal and tumor pixels captured within the mice were used as teaching data sets, and the tumor-implanted mice data were classified using a neural network applied following a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure. The system provided a specificity of 89.5%, a sensitivity of 53.5%, and an accuracy of 87.8% for subcutaneous tumor discrimination. Aggregated true-positive (TP) pixels were confirmed in all tumor-implanted mice, which indicated that the laparoscopic OTN-NIR MSI could potentially be applied in vivo for classifying target lesions such as cancer in deep tissues.
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Bauk, Sanja, and Silvia Fajardo-Flores. "Matching Interaction Design Principles and Integrated Navigation Systems in an Electronic Classroom." Transactions on Maritime Science 9, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7225/toms.v09.n01.008.

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This article deals with cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary virtual engagement aimed to match human-computer interaction design principles and contemporary integrated navigation information systems. As interaction design principles ten general principles - heuristics are used, and as examples of contemporary navigation information systems, chart Radio Detection (or Direction) and Ranging (RADAR) device and Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) are used. This cross-disciplinary research has been achieved through a Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) project by Durban University of Technology (DUT) in South Africa and University of Colima (UoC) in Mexico. Namely, the students from both sides guided by their lecturers have been engaged in analyzing today’s most frequently used marine navigational aids from the perspective of their reliability and user centeredness. The complexity of the systems and the lack of standards are observed as main problems when it comes to marine information systems effectiveness and their user centeredness.
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Shafizad, Misagh, and Kaveh Haddadi. "Skipping Cross Links in Posterior Spine Surgery: A Review." Iranian Journal of Neurosurgery 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/irjns.6.2.1.

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Background and Aim: Given the conflicting and unreliable evidence for using cross-links in posterior spine surgery, this review was conducted to highlight the different features and usefulness of these augmentation devices in spine surgeries. Methods and Materials/Patients: After searching databases using specific keywords, the relevant articles were ultimately selected and evaluated. Results: Biomechanically investigating the use of cross-links has not resulted in unanimous explanations for their effect. The site and direction of cross-links have been rarely investigated in the literature. Some studies recommended eliminating their application from clinical practice; nevertheless, these studies do not necessarily yield clinical benefits. Posterior spinal fixation with pedicle screws and without cross-links offers stability in all the planes in most clinical conditions. Conclusion: Excluding the cross-links in posterior spine surgery may shorten the operation time and reduce hospital costs. Researchers have reported other problems for cross-links such as late pain, device failure, infections, device prominence, and pseudarthrosis which may be obliterated through the avoidance of their combination in a spinal construct; nevertheless, the results of animal models of the application of special cross-links in a degenerative disorder or deformity suggest that diagonal cross-links provide the highest stability of the construct if they are matched with a rodonly system or with transverse cross-link constructs resulting in a rectangular configuration.
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Fan, Rong, and Wenqing Li. "Study on the Design of “Scented Space” Electronic Interactive Device System." MATEC Web of Conferences 228 (2018): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822803003.

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Fragrance is noble, simple, deep and approachable. It accompanied the Chinese nation for over five thousand years and engaged in the glorious history of Chinese civilization. It inspires the inspiration of great virtues, nourishes people’s body and mind and builds a bridge of human wisdom, which is an important catalyst and promotion for the formation of Chinese human spirit and philosophical thought. This project takes the electronic interactive device art work, “Scented Space”, as an example, extracts the visualized elements in fragrance culture and uses natural interaction technologies like digitized “synaesthesia” art and somatosensory sensing, to carry out a communication with visitors on the theme of fragrance culture, to enable the viewers to have the experience of immersive “synaesthesia” from visual sense, auditory sense, virtual gestures, somatosensory interaction and sense of smell for experiencing the past and present of fragrance culture from multiple dimensions, and to explore the philosophy of life through the cross-border integration of science and technology and art.
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35

Zhang, De Yin, Xiao Yu, and Zhi Yong Liu. "User Interface Design of 1090ES Mode Embedded Ground-Based Transceiver System." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 1733–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.1733.

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The novel user interface design of 1090ES Mode embedded ground-based transceiver (GBT) system is introduced in this paper. 1090ES mode is applied to the GBT system to receive airborne Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data. The output data of the GBT system are obtained through system’s serial port by processing information of ADS-B segment in 1090ES information structure. The novel user interface is based on Linux operating system and cross-complied on ARM platform to realize flight display function. The 1090ES mode data sent from aircraft is accurately recognized by ADS-B system software based on Linux, and precisely located in graphical interface either. The improved ADS-B system software in this user interface design occupies less resource, and can be easily transplanted to other embedded platform through cross-complied embedded Quasar Technologies (Qt) software. The complicated receiving and display of GBT system can be transformed into small size and portable device (4.6 inches) through this user interface design.
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Sun, Bao Min, Yong Gang Zhao, Zhi Qiang Liu, Ye Wei Zhu, Zhi Yong Zhao, Jun Gao, and Xiao Xia Liu. "Application of New Type Gas-Solid Two Phase Flow Pipeline Average Velocity Measurement System." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 746–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.746.

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In order to measure average velocity of Gas-Solid Two Phase Flow in pipelines real time and accurate, to develop the gas-solid two-phase flow average velocity meter based on direct measurement method and the secondary system. The paper introduces the working principle of the system and analyzes the factors that affect the accurate measurement. To further study the performance and continuous improve its structural design, an aerodynamic testing system was established. The device performance tests were carried out. In addition, the cold and hot industrials test were carried out in the industrial field.Practical application and test results showed that the device performance is well to achieve the industrial pipeline gas-solid two-phase flow average velocity long-term, stable and accurate measurement, and measurement error <2%.It has many features: simple structure, reliability, small flow resistance, easy installation, low maintenance costs, long life, a short straight pipe required. It can measure the gas-solid two-phase flow average velocity with high or low concentrations, and suitable for round, rectangular cross-section pipe installation. The measuring device has been used in dozens of power plant boiler, and a national invention patent and significant economic and social benefits to be achieved.
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Titarev, D. V., E. A. Borzykin, A. S. Romanov, and E. I. Lapkovskaya. "DESIGN OF INTEGRATED MOBILE APPLICATION SYSTEM IN CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 192 (June 2020): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2020.06.pp.012-021.

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The benefits of the BYOD (Bring Your Oun Device) approach is describes. This approach contributes to greater efficiency of business processes and economy of the enterprise budget. The necessity of focusing on the problem of information security is substantiated. As a solution, a mobile application is proposed that allows to identify the user and distribute security policies to the device. The following describes the problems that arise in the process of solution – problems of transferring data from a mobile device to the storage, the problem of centralized storage of incoming data, assignment of geolocations available for working with the application, and a problem of cross-platform. Further, the task is formulated – to design and develop a universal solution to these problems, since there is no single, universally accessible solution that would satisfy all the described requirements. The next part of the article describes the model of the proposed system, gives its general description in a formalized and graphical form. The article also provides an image and description of the system architecture, consisting of three main parts: IOS client, Android client and server. The advantages of the developed client-server architecture are highlighted: security and centralized access to data. The architecture of each individual part is described with a specification and justification for the choice of libraries and technologies used. The following describes the operation of the system, presents a sequence diagram of the client requests during authorization and receiving a set of policies for a new user, and BPMN diagram of the business process for obtaining Android agent data. Thus, the resulting solution will reduce the cost of administration of mobile devices in a corporate environment.
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Titarev, D. V., E. A. Borzykin, A. S. Romanov, and E. I. Lapkovskaya. "DESIGN OF INTEGRATED MOBILE APPLICATION SYSTEM IN CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 192 (June 2020): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2020.06.pp.012-021.

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The benefits of the BYOD (Bring Your Oun Device) approach is describes. This approach contributes to greater efficiency of business processes and economy of the enterprise budget. The necessity of focusing on the problem of information security is substantiated. As a solution, a mobile application is proposed that allows to identify the user and distribute security policies to the device. The following describes the problems that arise in the process of solution – problems of transferring data from a mobile device to the storage, the problem of centralized storage of incoming data, assignment of geolocations available for working with the application, and a problem of cross-platform. Further, the task is formulated – to design and develop a universal solution to these problems, since there is no single, universally accessible solution that would satisfy all the described requirements. The next part of the article describes the model of the proposed system, gives its general description in a formalized and graphical form. The article also provides an image and description of the system architecture, consisting of three main parts: IOS client, Android client and server. The advantages of the developed client-server architecture are highlighted: security and centralized access to data. The architecture of each individual part is described with a specification and justification for the choice of libraries and technologies used. The following describes the operation of the system, presents a sequence diagram of the client requests during authorization and receiving a set of policies for a new user, and BPMN diagram of the business process for obtaining Android agent data. Thus, the resulting solution will reduce the cost of administration of mobile devices in a corporate environment.
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39

Pires, Maria Luíza Lemos, Ariani Impieri Souza, Maria Luisa Borges Roriz Dantas, Gabriela Delgado Soriano, Cláudia Viana Henriques, and Ana Laura Carneiro Gomes Ferreira. "Indications and reasons for discontinuing the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS)." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 20, no. 2 (June 2020): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042020000200009.

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Abstract Objectives: to identify the main indications and reasons for discontinuing the use of the Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System (LNG-IUS). Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out from medical records of 327 women who used the LNG-IUS 52mg between January 2011 and December 2016 at a public hospital in the Northeast of Brazil. Results: the main indications for the use of the LNG-IUS were: contraception (32.7%), myoma/metrorrhagia (28.7%) and endometriosis/pelvic pain (22.3%). Of the 327 women, 68 (20.8%) had discontinued using the device. The most frequent reasons for discontinuation were: expulsion (9.2%), LNG-IUS expiration (3.7%), bleeding (2.4%) and pain (1.5%). Most patients had no difficulty in the insertion and did not require anesthesia/sedation. Among the 30 women who expelled the device, 17 (56.7%) had used it for metrorrhagia and myoma, 8 (26.7%) for contraception, and 5 (16.6%) for endometriosis/pelvic pain. Conclusions: the LNG-IUS is a well-accepted contraceptive method, with therapeutic applications for some gynecological conditions and a low expulsion rate.
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40

Burke, Matthew I., Lizhu Dai, and Abraham Leung. "Comparison of System Characteristics of the Guangzhou Water Transit System with Its International Peers." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 8 (June 12, 2020): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120925272.

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With ports having moved downriver, redevelopment of central city areas and waterfronts has transformed the urban centres and created new economic bases for once industrial cities. Water transit systems, such as New York’s East River and City-Wide Ferry services and Gothenburg’s harbor ferries, are being installed by economic development agencies as a device to stimulate further land development, provide tourism opportunities, and promote a new social engagement with the river. Guangzhou’s water transit system is the third largest in Asia by passenger volume, behind only Bangkok and Sydney. This paper describes the Guangzhou system in depth, comparing its operations favourably with the world’s leading water transit systems. Comparisons are made in vessel design, route design, terminals, operations, and fares. The Guangzhou case is distinctive, with a mixture of cross-river and parallel routes, and an especially unique approach to subsidy that may be an option for North American cities considering water transit. Opportunities to further improve the system in line with international trends are identified, as well as a research agenda to further the knowledge of water transit operations and regulation generally.
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41

Vangsness, C. Thomas, John D. Polousky, Andrew B. Parkinson, and Thomas P. Hedman. "Radiofrequency Thermal Effects on the Human Meniscus: An in Vitro Study of Systems with Monopolar and Bipolar Electrodes." American Journal of Sports Medicine 31, no. 2 (March 2003): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465030310021601.

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Background: No data exist on the cutting efficiency of monopolar versus bipolar radiofrequency energy application systems on human meniscal tissue. Purpose: To compare the effects of monopolar and bipolar thermal energy systems on human meniscal tissue. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Fresh-frozen menisci were cut in cross-section into 180 pie-shaped specimens. A specially designed jig was used to consistently apply radiofrequency energy to the tissue under a constant 30-g force. Three different systems were tested at the low, middle, and high ranges, with application times of 1 and 3 seconds. Thermal effects were measured by image analysis microscopy. Results: No significant differences in thermal effects were found with respect to energy output for each system. Both the individual system tested and the application time had statistically significant effects on thermal damage, with the individual system tested having a greater effect. The mean depths of thermal change produced by the Mitek (bipolar) device were 564 and 648 μm at 1 and 3 seconds applications, respectively. The Arthrocare device (bipolar) produced depths of 1444 and 1697 μm at 1 and 3 seconds. The Oratec device (monopolar) produced depths of 895 and 1057 μm, respectively. Conclusions: A differential thermal effect was created in the meniscal tissue by three commercially available radiofrequency systems. Within the parameters of the experiment, all three systems limited thermal damage to a depth of less than 2 mm. The results appeared to depend more on the particular system used, not whether it had monopolar or bipolar electrodes. Clinical Relevance: These data imply reasonably safe (less than 2 mm) thermal changes in the meniscus after radiofrequency energy application from these three systems.
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42

Gignac, Lynne M., Surbhi Mittal, Sarunya Bangsaruntip, Guy M. Cohen, and Jeffrey W. Sleight. "Multiple Double Cross-Section Transmission Electron Microscope Sample Preparation of Specific Sub-10 nm Diameter Si Nanowire Devices." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, no. 6 (November 10, 2011): 889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927611011974.

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AbstractThe ability to prepare multiple cross-section transmission electron microscope (XTEM) samples from one XTEM sample of specific sub-10 nm features was demonstrated. Sub-10 nm diameter Si nanowire (NW) devices were initially cross-sectioned using a dual-beam focused ion beam system in a direction running parallel to the device channel. From this XTEM sample, both low- and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) images were obtained from six separate, specific site Si NW devices. The XTEM sample was then re-sectioned in four separate locations in a direction perpendicular to the device channel: 90° from the original XTEM sample direction. Three of the four XTEM samples were successfully sectioned in the gate region of the device. From these three samples, low- and high-resolution TEM images of the Si NW were taken and measurements of the NW diameters were obtained. This technique demonstrated the ability to obtain high-resolution TEM images in directions 90° from one another of multiple, specific sub-10 nm features that were spaced 1.1 μm apart.
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43

Mascaró Palliser, R., Ramon Costa-Castelló, and G. A. Ramos. "Iterative Learning Control Experimental Results in Twin-Rotor Device." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6519497.

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This paper presents the results of applying the Iterative Learning Control algorithms to a Twin-Rotor Multiple-Input Multiple-Output System (TRMS) in order to achieve high performance in repetitive tracking of trajectories. The plant, which is similar to a prototype of helicopter, is characterized by its highly nonlinear and cross-coupled dynamics. In the first phase, the system is modelled using the Lagrangian approach and combining theoretical and experimental results. Thereafter, a hierarchical control architecture which combines a baseline feedback controller with an Iterative Learning Control algorithm is developed. Finally, the responses of the real device and a complete analysis of the learning behaviour are exposed.
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44

Sendra, Sandra, Pablo Romero-Díaz, José Luis García-Navas, and Jaime Lloret. "Lora-Based System for Tracking Runners in Cross-Country Races." Proceedings 42, no. 1 (November 14, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-6-06629.

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In recent years, the organization of cross-country and popular races where hundreds of people participate has become a significant trend. In these events, runners usually subject the body to extreme situations that can lead to various types of indisposition, and they can also suffer falls. Currently, the electronic systems used in this type of race only monitor when runners pass through checkpoints. However, it is necessary to implement systems that enable the control of the population of runners and the monitoring of their status all the times. For this reason, this paper proposes the design of a low-cost system for monitoring and controlling runners in this type of event. The system is formed by a network architecture in infrastructure mode based on low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology. Each runner will carry an electronic device that will allow their position and vital signs to be monitored. Likewise, it will incorporate an S.O.S. button that will allow runners to send a signal to the organization should they require help. All these data will be sent through the network to a database, which will allow the organization and bystanders of the race to check the location and history of vital signs of runners. This paper shows the proposal of a design of our system and the different practical experiments that have been carried out with the devices that have allowed for the proposition of this design.
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45

Puspitasari, Mariana Diah, and Faris Hendra Purwaka. "Comparative Analysis of Means Detectors in Surabaya - Madiun Cross." Jurnal Perkeretaapian Indonesia 1, no. 2 (November 20, 2017): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37367/jpi.v1i2.38.

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One example of technological developments in signaling systems in Indonesia is the use of detection facilities on rail lines. A detector is a device that functions to detect the presence or absence of train facilities on the railroad track. Detection equipment is divided into two types, namely axle counter and track circuit. Track circuit detects the presence of trains on the rails, while the axle counter functions to count train axles. This study aims to find a detection system for facilities that is suitable and in accordance with the conditions of the Surabaya-Madiun cross and find out the characteristics for the installation of detection facilities in accordance with the pathway. To find out the appropriate facility system, the two tools are analyzed in terms of system reliability, environmental influences, advantages and disadvantages, disruptions, maintenance, and operations. The results showed that an effective and efficient way of detecting traffic in Surabaya - Madiun was the detection of a double head axle counter facility. This tool is very suitable to be installed in the emplacement.
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46

Al-Rawi, Wisam, Lauren Easterling, and Paul C. Edwards. "Development of a Mobile Device Optimized Cross Platform-Compatible Oral Pathology and Radiology Spaced Repetition System for Dental Education." Journal of Dental Education 79, no. 4 (April 2015): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.0022-0337.2015.79.4.tb05902.x.

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47

Huynh, Toan, Roozbeh Jafari, and Wan-Young Chung. "An Accurate Bioimpedance Measurement System for Blood Pressure Monitoring." Sensors 18, no. 7 (June 29, 2018): 2095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072095.

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One potential method to estimate noninvasive cuffless blood pressure (BP) is through measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV), which can be characterized by measuring the distance and the transit time of the pulse between two arterial sites. To obtain the pulse waveform, bioimpedance (BI) measurement is a promising approach because it continuously reflects the change in BP through the change in the arterial cross-sectional area. Several studies have investigated BI channels in a vertical direction with electrodes located along the wrist and the finger to calculate PWV and convert to BP; however, the measurement systems were relatively large in size. In order to reduce the total device size for use in a PWV-based BP smartwatch, this study proposes and examines a horizontal BI structure. The BI device is also designed to apply in a very small body area. Our proposed structure is based on two sets of four-electrode BI interface attached around the wrist. The effectiveness of our system and approach is evaluated on 15 human subjects; the PWV values are obtained with various distances between two BI channels to assess the efficacy. The results show that our BI system can monitor pulse rate efficiently in only a 0.5 × 1.75 cm2 area of the body. The correlation of pulse rate from the proposed design against the reference is 0.98 ± 0.07 (p < 0.001). Our structure yields higher detection ratios for PWV measurements of 99.0 ± 2.2%, 99.0 ± 2.1%, and 94.8 ± 3.7% at 1, 2, and 3 cm between two BI channels, respectively. The measured PWVs correlate well with the BP standard device at 0.81 ± 0.08 and 0.84 ± 0.07 with low root-mean-squared-errors at 7.47 ± 2.15 mmHg and 5.17 ± 1.81 mmHg for SBP and DBP, respectively. Our results inform future designs of smart watches capable of measuring blood pressure.
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48

Tavares, Rafael, Hugo Mesquita, Rui Penha, Paulo Abreu, and Maria Teresa Restivo. "An Instrumented Glove for Control Audiovisual Elements in Performing Arts." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 14, no. 02 (February 28, 2018): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v14i02.8247.

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The use of cutting-edge technologies such as wearable devices to control reactive audiovisual systems are rarely applied in more conventional stage performances, such as opera performances. This work reports a cross-disciplinary approach for the research and development of the WMTSensorGlove, a data-glove used in an opera performance to control audiovisual elements on stage through gestural movements. A system architecture of the interaction between the wireless wearable device and the different audiovisual systems is presented, taking advantage of the Open Sound Control (OSC) protocol. The developed wearable system was used as audiovisual controller in “As sete mulheres de Jeremias Epicentro”, a portuguese opera by Quarteto Contratempus, which was premiered in September 2017.
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Yao, Xue Mei. "Automated Essay Scoring: A Comparative Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 274 (January 2013): 650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.274.650.

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Automated essay scoring has been the focus of a cross-disciplinary study of computer science and English instruction. In this study, an experiment was conducted to testify the validity and reliability of E-grading Device and to check out whether the holistic score generated from combining computer and human score is a better solution to automated essay scoring system. The conclusion is that e-evaluation systems are valid and reliable basically, and e-evaluation and human evaluation should be combined together to generate holistic scores.
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Du, Xiao Wei, and Yong Tao Gao. "Research and Monitoring of Metro Tunnel Deformation Based on Internet of Things." Applied Mechanics and Materials 484-485 (January 2014): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.484-485.507.

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After a long subway tunnel operators will produce cross-sectional deformation. Articles designed vehicle laser ranging device for continuous measurement of tunnel wall to test their deformed state. The paper also describes the tunnel cross-section deformation measurement method, contour fitting principles and error analysis and networking technology for wireless data transmission methods. The detection system is designed to achieve a tunnel section of the structural safety testing and deformation that may occur timely disaster warning, the safe operation of the subway tunnel to provide effective protection.
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