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1
Liu, Diane M. "Learners' conceptions of cross-cultural orientation." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28420.
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With the increase in interaction among people of different cultures and the growing awareness of the importance of strong cross-cultural understanding and communication skills, the need for cross-cultural orientation programs continues to increase. Scholars and practitioners have only just begun to examine trends in cross-cultural orientations in an attempt to draw together theory and practice. Much of this research however, is presented from the perspective of instructors or program developers. Thus, the purpose of this study is to look at cross-cultural orientations from the learners' perspective. This study examines the learners' conceptions in an attempt to obtain a wider understanding of the cross-cultural orientation phenomenon.
The research was guided by an interpretive perspective and a qualitative technique. Two series of interviews with the learners of a cross-cultural orientation program, classroom observations, interviews with the instructors and program documents provided the data for this study.
Analysis of the data indicated that the learners' perspective, participation in and control of orientation programs were important themes to address.' Moreover, the learners' held varying conceptions of these two themes. With regards to the theme of participation, a few learners felt that orientation programs should mainly present information while the majority of them perceived that orientation programs should present information as well as provide opportunities for related experiences. Thus, some saw themselves as passive participants, while others emphasized the importance of being active.
Two conceptions also emerged with regards to the theme of control of orientation programs. Again, there were learners who perceived that orientation programs should be controlled by the instructor, while majority clearly understood orientation programs to be controlled by both the instructor and the learners. Furthermore, the concepts of communication, collaboration and understanding in the orientation process were also emphasized.
While these four varying conceptions represented different ways in which the learners understood the cross-cultural orientation phenomenon, the analysis of the data also indicated that in actual practice, these conceptions were further complicated by the dynamics and the complexities of the nature of cross-cultural orientations.
In exploring the learners' conceptions of cross-cultural orientation programs, this study provided a different perspective to understanding the cross-cultural orientation phenomenon. It identified the importance of paying closer attention to the adult learner in orientations and the need for further research in the area.Education, Faculty of
Language and Literacy Education (LLED), Department of
Graduate
2
Huang, Jo-Ting. "A cross-cultural study of the influence of personal cultural orientation on brand loyalty." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14421.
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This thesis investigates a generalisable cross-cultural model for brand loyalty by integrating extant theories of personal cultural orientation (of individualism and collectivism), self-congruity (actual, ideal, social, and ideal social self-congurity), customer satisfaction, attitudinal brand loyalty, and behavioural brand loyalty. Creating brand loyalty is a key branding issue in modern marketing. Brands are faced with the challenge of building, maintaining, and increasing their capacity to drive customer loyalty across borders with consumers of different cultures. Notwithstanding the growth of culturally centered brand loyalty research, the focus of research today continues to be on cross-cultural differences, often overlooking the generalisable cross-cultural path to consumer brand loyalty. This study instead addresses this overlooked topic of cross-cultural generalisabilities across nations. To assess the cross-cultural generalisability of the conceptual model, survey data from a non-student sample were collected from middle-class, Generation Y individuals of the relevant nationality who have always lived in China, Singapore, or the United States. After performing data cleaning procedures, 541 usable responses from three countries were analysed with the use of the SEM model. The findings show that the personal cultural orientation of collectivism has a positive effect on behavioural brand loyalty through ideal social self-congruity, customer satisfaction, and attitudinal brand loyalty. These findings extend brand loyalty research by considering how an individual’s personal cultural orientation impacts brand loyalty. Moreover, the findings offer marketers increased insight into consumers’ brand loyalty formation process in cross-cultural contexts. The limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are also presented.
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Palmer, Nancy Nyberg. "Cross-cultural training and orientation for missionaries with special reference to the North American Baptist conference /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Staley, Ira M. "Applying andragogical principles to teaching expository preaching to pastors in Mexico." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Thesis (D. Min.)--Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, South Hamilton, Mass., 1998.Abstract and vita. Portions of appendices are in both English and Spanish. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 239-241).
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Schultz, George H. "Models of missionary training an assessment of alternative approaches to training for cross-cultural ministry /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Trautmann, Friederike Konstanze. "A cross-cultural analysis of Brazilian and German planning orientations." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18187.
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Submitted by Friederike Trautmann (friederike.trautmann@gmail.com) on 2017-04-05T21:38:08Z
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This thesis investigates whether time orientation (long-term orientation versus short-term orientation) moderates the relationship between conscientiousness and planning orientation (process orientation versus outcome orientation) among Brazilians and Germans. According to Hofstede (2001), Brazilians are short-term oriented, whereas Germans are highly long-term oriented. An online survey was conducted with 103 Brazilian and 106 German participants. The survey included the HEXACO-60 model’s conscientiousness items, self-developed items based on Hofstede’s time orientation summary (Hofstede, 2001), and Woolley’s measures for planning orientation (Woolley, 2009a, 2009b). Regression analyses, frequencies, and independent samples t-tests were conducted with SPSS, with conscientiousness, time orientation and nationality as predictors and planning orientation as dependent variable. Demographic control variables were analyzed with ANOVA and multiple regression. Neither was there a significant relationship between conscientiousness and planning orientation, nor was this relationship moderated by time orientation or nationality. There was no significant positive relationship between conscientiousness and process orientation in either of the two country samples. Time orientation did also not have a direct impact on planning orientation. Brazilians were not more likely to display outcome orientation, and neither were Germans more likely to display process orientation. The demographic control variables failed to consistently and significantly predict planning orientation. A surprising finding was that other than proposed by Hofstede (2001), Germans scored as high on short-term orientation as Brazilians. Research limitations, implications for practice, and recommendations for future research were explored by the author.
Esta tese investiga se o foco temporal (foco no longo prazo versus foco no curto prazo) influencia a relação entre conscienciosidade e o foco do planejamento (foco no processo versus foco no resultado) entre brasileiros e alemães. De acordo com Hofstede (2001), brasileiros focam no curto prazo, enquanto alemães são altamente focados no longo prazo. Uma pesquisa online foi feita com 103 participantes brasileiros e 106 participantes alemães. A pesquisa incluiu os itens de consciência do modelo HEXACO-60, itens autodesenvolvidos baseados no sumário de foco temporal de Hofstede (Hofstede, 2001) e nas medidas para foco do planejamento de Woolley (Woolley, 2009a, 2009b). Análises de regressão, frequência e testes-t de amostras independentes foram conduzidos por meio do SPSS, com conscienciosidade, foco temporal e nacionalidade como preditores e foco do planejamento como variável dependente. Variáveis de controle demográfico foram analisadas por meio do ANOVA e múltiplas regressões. Não foi encontrada relação significativa entre conscienciosidade e foco no planejamento, tampouco foi esta relação influenciada pelo foco temporal ou pela nacionalidade. Não houve relação direta significativa entre conscienciosidade e foco no processo em ambos os países analisados. O foco temporal também não demonstrou um impacto direto no foco do planejamento. Brasileiros não demonstraram ser mais propensos ao foco no resultado e nem alemães demonstraram ser mais propensos ao foco no processo. As variáveis demográficas de controle falharam em predizer o foco do planejamento de forma significativa e consistente. Uma descoberta surpreendente foi que, diferentemente do proposto por Hofstede (2001), alemães pontuaram tão alto quanto brasileiros em foco a curto prazo. Limitações de pesquisa, implicações práticas e recomendações para o futuro foram exploradas pela autora.
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Trautmann, Friederike Konstanze. "A cross-cultural analysis of Brazilian and German planning orientations." Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/26187.
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Submitted by Friederike Trautmann (friederike.trautmann@gmail.com) on 2017-04-05T21:38:08Z
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Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-19T14:00:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV_Dissertation_Trautmann.pdf: 3522003 bytes, checksum: 64f407b980b1713451aa1d8ec318da07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-13
This thesis investigates whether time orientation (long-term orientation versus short-term orientation) moderates the relationship between conscientiousness and planning orientation (process orientation versus outcome orientation) among Brazilians and Germans. According to Hofstede (2001), Brazilians are short-term oriented, whereas Germans are highly long-term oriented. An online survey was conducted with 103 Brazilian and 106 German participants. The survey included the HEXACO-60 model’s conscientiousness items, self-developed items based on Hofstede’s time orientation summary (Hofstede, 2001), and Woolley’s measures for planning orientation (Woolley, 2009a, 2009b). Regression analyses, frequencies, and independent samples t-tests were conducted with SPSS, with conscientiousness, time orientation and nationality as predictors and planning orientation as dependent variable. Demographic control variables were analyzed with ANOVA and multiple regression. Neither was there a significant relationship between conscientiousness and planning orientation, nor was this relationship moderated by time orientation or nationality. There was no significant positive relationship between conscientiousness and process orientation in either of the two country samples. Time orientation did also not have a direct impact on planning orientation. Brazilians were not more likely to display outcome orientation, and neither were Germans more likely to display process orientation. The demographic control variables failed to consistently and significantly predict planning orientation. A surprising finding was that other than proposed by Hofstede (2001), Germans scored as high on short-term orientation as Brazilians. Research limitations, implications for practice, and recommendations for future research were explored by the author.
Esta tese investiga se o foco temporal (foco no longo prazo versus foco no curto prazo) influencia a relação entre conscienciosidade e o foco do planejamento (foco no processo versus foco no resultado) entre brasileiros e alemães. De acordo com Hofstede (2001), brasileiros focam no curto prazo, enquanto alemães são altamente focados no longo prazo. Uma pesquisa online foi feita com 103 participantes brasileiros e 106 participantes alemães. A pesquisa incluiu os itens de consciência do modelo HEXACO-60, itens autodesenvolvidos baseados no sumário de foco temporal de Hofstede (Hofstede, 2001) e nas medidas para foco do planejamento de Woolley (Woolley, 2009a, 2009b). Análises de regressão, frequência e testes-t de amostras independentes foram conduzidos por meio do SPSS, com conscienciosidade, foco temporal e nacionalidade como preditores e foco do planejamento como variável dependente. Variáveis de controle demográfico foram analisadas por meio do ANOVA e múltiplas regressões. Não foi encontrada relação significativa entre conscienciosidade e foco no planejamento, tampouco foi esta relação influenciada pelo foco temporal ou pela nacionalidade. Não houve relação direta significativa entre conscienciosidade e foco no processo em ambos os países analisados. O foco temporal também não demonstrou um impacto direto no foco do planejamento. Brasileiros não demonstraram ser mais propensos ao foco no resultado e nem alemães demonstraram ser mais propensos ao foco no processo. As variáveis demográficas de controle falharam em predizer o foco do planejamento de forma significativa e consistente. Uma descoberta surpreendente foi que, diferentemente do proposto por Hofstede (2001), alemães pontuaram tão alto quanto brasileiros em foco a curto prazo. Limitações de pesquisa, implicações práticas e recomendações para o futuro foram exploradas pela autora.
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Rempel, Chérie Jeannine. "Cultivating cross-cultural awareness through the use of literature in an ESOL classroom." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.
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Ramakgoakgoa, Mmametsi Zebedius. "Cross-gender and cross-generational communication in Siyabuswa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03112010-185802.
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Vargas-Machuca, Isabel. "Hispanic women's views on affirmative action: Self-interest, fairness, socio-political orientation, past discrimination, and acculturation." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1405.
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Chang, Miao-Jen. "A cross-cultural study of Taiwanese and British university students' oral narratives." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/7826.
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This cross-cultural study investigates the structural and cultural differences and similarities evident in 13 Mandarin (TM) and 17 English language narratives (TEFL) produced by Taiwanese university EFL students and 17 narratives (BE) produced by British university students. This study also explores how the Taiwanese L2 learners’ identities might affect their use of L2 discourse norms within their narratives. The findings show that within the three sets of narratives, past experiences, in general, are recounted in chronological order and the organisation of narratives follows the sequential order defined by Labov (1972). In terms of orientation, there is some cultural variance. The TM and TEFL narratives underscore the importance of family values in Taiwanese society and underline the role of teachers in these students’ worlds. However, the data shows some variance with Labov’s (1972) results in terms of the relationship between complicating action, resolution and evaluation. In terms of external evaluation, the British narrators use much more evaluation in directly addressing their listeners. In terms of internal evaluation, there is significant variance within the three sets of narratives i.e. stress usage, adverb usage, and repetition. The findings suggest that there is no major difference in tellership and tellability in the three sets of narratives. In terms of learner identity, although some Taiwanese EFL students demonstrate high levels of integrative motivation, they have difficulty using L2 discourse norms in their narratives. This is evidenced by their anxiety in relation to their locus of control. It is also manifest that their learner identities have changed over a period of time and were constructed in various sites of struggle, and by relations of power, in which they assumed different subject positions.
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Shute, Jonathan W. "Cultural Adjustment Factors of Senior Missionaries on Assignment in the South Pacific for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2000. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,22810.
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Yoon, Jeeyun. "The influence of cultural orientation and power motive on leadership perception." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51834.
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Despite the recognized importance of leadership perception and individual differences in various cultures, our understanding of each of these variables is limited. The influence of fundamental cognitive styles (context dependent vs. independent) in different cultures and individual differences within culture has rarely been discussed. Current leadership perception research typically depends on surveys which cannot capture spontaneous responses that reflect both automatic and controlled processes. To better understand cross-cultural leadership perception, this study recruited two cultural groups (e.g., Americans and East Asians) and employed both qualitative (e.g., picture recognition tasks) and quantitative (Conditional Reasoning Tests) methods to examine the effect of culture and individual differences (power motive) on leadership perception. Findings and implications for future research are discussed.
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Jose, Roberto Siasoco. "Filipino migrant nurses in the United States an analysis of family adjustments and conflicts /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3426.
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Thesis (M.S.)--George Mason University, 2008.Vita: p. 135. Thesis director: Kevin Avruch. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Conflict Analysis and Resolution. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Mar. 16, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-134). Also issued in print.
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Birch, Megan Leigh. "(Dis)placing and (e)race-ing (dis)courses thinking about multiculturalisms and becoming teachers /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Curriculum, Teaching, and Educational Policy, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Sept. 10, 2009) Includes bibliographic references (p. 176-188). Also issued in print.
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Persson, Peter. "A pre-field, church-based training course on cross-cultural adjustment for prospective Austrian missionaries." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Middaugh, Jon S. "Transnational cultural market a concept for understanding cultural transmission across the Mexico-United States border, 1920-1946 /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/j_middaugh_042110.pdf.
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Lee, Chang-Uk Charles. "A study of cultural diversity training practices in company-owned franchise restaurants." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06102009-063133/.
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McAlister, Robert Morrison. "Mobilizing local churches in the Great Commission Association in cross-cultural church planting." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
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Kilgore, G. Robert. "Design for an effective intercultural internship learning how to cross cultural boundaries successfully /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Brynjolfson, Robert Walter. "Maximizing informal learning in an intentional missionary training community." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
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Lee, Eunsil. "Exploring housing satisfaction and adjustment processes of cross-cultural sojourners the case of Korean sojourners in the United States /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Human Environment: Design and Management, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 2, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 156-166). Also issued in print.
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Yang, Bing. "An analysis of the impact of intellectual property rights on Chinese students." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2010. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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Harrison, David B. "Experiential learning modules for developing intercultural competency skills a short-term course for new missionaries from Asia /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.
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Nations, Jennifer Marie. "Networks and cultural bridges : a case study of the Sierra Tarahumara in northern Mexico /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1767.pdf.
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Bursztynowicz, Pawel. "Cross-cultural experience of a Polish seminarian coming to the United States." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.
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Harpster, Tomoko. "Toward intercultural competence : intercultural training for Japanese students in the United States." Scholarly Commons, 2010. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/761.
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Badur, Gulistan Palmer James C. Padavil George. "International students' perspectives on their cross-cultural adjustment to American higher education." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3087861.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2003.Title from title page screen, viewed November 29, 2005. Dissertation Committee: James C. Palmer, George Padavil (co-chairs), Amelia D. Adkins, William Semlak. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 189-195) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Hillary, Margaret. "Journeying toward inculturation a propaedeutic for catechesis /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Thornson, Carol Ann. "Development and validation of the cross-cultural competence inventory." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4557.
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Initial administration of the prototype instrument to 792 military members, followed by exploratory factor analysis, revealed six hypothesized factors of 3C. Following scale development, the Cross-Cultural Competence Inventory (3CI) was administered to almost 5,000 service members, and the six-factor structure was confirmed as well as cross-validated. Another data collection effort focused on assessing the stability of the six factors over time, via test-retest reliability analysis. A final validation study revealed Cultural Exploration to be a significant predictor of three of the four performance criteria, as rated by supervisors on deployment. Furthermore, this study offered the unique perspective gained by administering two popular civilian instruments along with a military-based tool, providing insight into the nature of military 3C and the ways in which it is similar to, and distinct from, civilian 3C. Additionally, important theoretical contributions may help guide future empirical research and military applications. This study is the initial step in assessing readiness for cultural interaction in the military. The results may serve to guide future efforts in military research in order to support our forces in the field as well as to guide the military establishment in making decisions on training, education, and operations in the context of mission success.; Understanding the factors responsible for successful interactions between cultures has been an ongoing investigation among anthropologists, social workers, and organizational psychologists. The need for employees who are able to function effectively across cultures has resulted in a great deal of research examining which factors enable expatriate effectiveness. Despite the necessity of a workforce that is able to function across cultures in today's global economy, an even greater case can be made for cross-cultural competence (3C) in the U.S. military. The potential for loss of life and international-level consequences is high if our military forces are not adequately prepared. This is why the Department of Defense has identified 3C as a critical determinant of success for military missions. Despite the critical need for military 3C, a review of the literature found no validated instruments developed to assess the readiness of our troops to work closely with foreign nationals and coalition forces in the context of military deployments. As such, the overarching goal of this validation study was to enable the U.S. military to prepare and train its forces in 3C, specifically allowing the military to: (1) better assess troop readiness to engage other cultures; (2) target training to those skills that help achieve missions in the field; (3) design more authentic cross-cultural training exercises; (4) assess the effectiveness of cross-cultural training; and (5) guide the development of future cultural training efforts. To that end, a blended approach to scale development was undertaken, whereby critical-incident interviews with subject matter experts informed which of the individual difference predictors from the civilian literatures would likely be applicable to the military domain.ID: 029049772; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-189).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
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Roberts, Dena L. "Pre-depature [sic] orientation program for study abroad students utilizing the on-campus international community /." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/689.
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Shimray, Edward W. "Developing a cross-cultural relational evangelism training program in an Asian Indian mission church." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Lau, Siu-Ling Bonita. "Cross cultural differences in locus of control, field dependence-independence and uncertainty orientation among Canadians and Chinese." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28414.
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The present study is a cross cultural study comparing North Americans and Chinese on field dependence-independence, locus of control and uncertainty orientation. The relationships among these constructs and cultural based differences in those relationships were also explored. Chinese were speculated to be more field dependent, external locus of control and certainty-oriented than North Americans. This study was the first exploratory investigation of a suggested model, which provided a perspective of how field dependence-independence, locus of control, uncertainty orientation, moral judgement and learned helplessness interact. The study may also have some contribution to broadening our view on how Chinese express themselves on the three cognitive constructs mentioned above.
A sample of 39 Hong Kong Chinese and 41 Canadian college students were selected according to their cultural backgrounds. The results partially supported cultural differences in locus of control and uncertainty orientation. A strong cultural difference was found on the two subscales of the locus of control instrument and the two component measures for uncertainty orientation. Cultural differences for field dependence-independence was not confirmed. Results concerning the interrelationships among these cognitive constructs suggested a moderate association between locus of control and uncertainty orientation for Canadian subjects, but not for Chinese subjects. No other significant correlations among these constructs was obtained in this study. Because of the methodological problems inherent in the instruments, it is difficult to interpret the obtained results unambiguously, especially for the Hong Kong group. Further empirical work should be done before any firm conclusion can be drawn form the current results. Some implications for future cross-cultural studies were also discussed.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Al-Khawaldeh, N. N. "Politeness orientation in the linguistic expression of gratitude in Jordan and England : a comparative cross-cultural study." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/344604.
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The thesis investigates ways of communicating gratitude are perceived and realised in Jordan and England. It focuses on the impact of several variables on the expression of gratitude and examines the differences between the data elicited by pragmatic research instruments (DCT and role-play). Data were collected from native speakers: 46 Jordanian Arabic, 46 English natives using DCTs, role-plays and interviews. Slight similarities and significant cross-cultural differences were revealed in terms of gratitude expressions’ perception, number and strategy type. This cultural contrast reveals differences in the sociolinguistic patterns of conveying gratitude in verbal and nonverbal communication. The most important theoretical finding is that the data, while consistent with many views found in the existing literature, do not support Brown and Levinson’s (1987) claim that communicating gratitude intrinsically threatens the speaker’s negative face. Rather, it is argued that gratitude should be viewed as a means of establishing and sustaining social relationships. The findings suggest that cultural variation in expressing gratitude is due to the high degree of sensitivity to the interplay of several social and contextual variables. The findings provide worthwhile insights into theoretical issues concerning the nature of communicative acts, the relation between types of communicative acts and the general principles of human communication, especially rapport between people in social interaction, as well as the relation between culture-specific and universal features of communicative activity types. Differences were found between pragmatic research instruments. The outcomes indicate that using a mixture of methods is preferable as long as this serves the aim of the study as it merges their advantages by eliciting spontaneous data in controlled settings. The ramifications of this study for future multi-dimensional investigations of the contrasts between Arabic and English speaking cultures are expected to prove particularly significant in virtue of corroborating or refuting existing findings and in this way paving the way for new research.
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Davis, Lori E. "Global community creating a living learning community for international and American students /." [Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University], 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/685.
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Schramm, Mark J. "Supervision across cultures directions for ministry supervision during the SVD crosscultural training program /." Chicago, IL : Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.033-0837.
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Prasongsukarn, Kriengsin Marketing Australian School of Business UNSW. "The impact of cultural value orientation on customer perceptions of post-recovery service satisfaction in an Eastern context." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Marketing, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20837.
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It is now well recognised that an effective service recovery program is an essential part of firms??? service quality programs and critical to generating customer satisfaction and loyalty. A number of studies have investigated the impact of service recovery efforts (compensation, speed of response, etc.) on post-recovery satisfaction, mostly in Western countries. However, despite the importance of global markets, very few have examined how Eastern consumers react to service recovery efforts. Furthermore, none have examined the impact of cultural value orientation (cultural values measured at the individual level) in implementing effective service recovery programs. This is one of the few studies that have attempted to avoid the ecological fallacy, i.e., assume all consumers within a country are culturally homogeneous. Based on Justice Theory, this research conducted in Thailand, employed an experimental design to investigate how customer evaluations of service recovery efforts are influenced by interplay of the consumer???s cultural value orientation and service recovery attributes (apology, compensation, cognitive control, recovery initiation, and formality). The results reveal that cultural values of power distance, uncertainty avoidance and collectivism do indeed interact with a firm???s recovery tactics to influence perceptions of justice. In other words, the impact of a firm???s tactics is culturally dependent, and consumer expectations and perceptions of service recovery efforts vary, depending on customers??? cultural value orientation. Finally, all three forms of justice (distributive, procedural, interactional) along with disconfirmation of expectations, positively impact on overall service recovery satisfaction. Unlike previous studies, we found evidence to indicate that there is a temporal sequence associated with the three justice dimensions i.e., interactional and procedural justice precede and thus impact perception of distributive (outcome) justice. The results have implication for marketing theory as well as managerial action.
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Boultbee, Marion Ruth. "China bound : a case study of orientation for study abroad in the People's Republic of China /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1996. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/11893126.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1996.Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Florence McCarthy. Dissertation Committee: Maryalice Mazzara. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 272-285).
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Knutson, Ruth. "Discipling individuals in collectivist cultures a healthy biblical tension /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Burke, Maria Bennett Milton J. "Befriending difference intercultural sensitivity training for ministers /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Burkholder, Jared T. "An evaluation of Grace University's 1997, six month, mission training program in Mali, West Africa." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Burkholder, Jared T. "An evaluation of Grace University's 1997, six month, missions training program in Mali, West Africa." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Hartmann, Patrick Alexander. "A cross-cultural comparison of the Portuguese and German Generation Y in terms of power distance, uncertainty avoidance and future orientation." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/24831.
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Objetivo – A literatura cross-cultural existente está em desacordo se a Geração Y pode ser caracterizada com atributos que sugerem que o grupo é igualmente cultural para além de fronteiras. O desacordo da literatura levou a este estudo que pretende responder à questão se portugueses e alemães da Geração Y apresentam diferenças empíricas e culturais significantes no que diz respeito ás dimensões culturais do projeto GLOBE: Distância ao Poder, Evitar a Incerteza e Orientação para o Futuro. Metodologia – De modo, a encontrar uma resposta à qual esta dissertação se propõe, dados primários foram recolhidos através de um questionário online quantitativo que teve por base o questionário original GLOBE. Resultados – A dissertação confirmou diferenças evidentes e significantes entre a geração Y portuguesa e alemã nas três dimensões culturais estudadas. Limitações – Esta dissertação tem algumas limitações, nomeadamente o grupo de participantes não ser uma representação sólida da Geração Y, dado que não foi possível obter uma recolha rigorosa da distribuição de idades de pessoas nascidas entre 1980 e 1999. Aplicabilidade do trabalho – Em termos práticos, as resoluções deste estudo possibilitam às organizações um maior conhecimento e compreensão das dimensões culturais propostas da Geração Y, em particular as semelhanças e diferenças existentes destes dois países. Originalidade – Durante o período de pesquisa e análise, o autor desta tese não conseguiu encontrar nenhum estudo que se foque na análise e comparação da Geração Y de Portugal e da Alemanha relativamente às dimensões culturais estudadas.
Purpose – Existing cross-cultural literature is indecisive as to whether Generation Y can be characterized with attributes that suggest the group to be culturally equal across borders. The literature’s disagreement led to this study’s purpose to answer the question whether the Portuguese and German Generation Y have significant and empirical cultural differences regarding GLOBE’s defined cultural dimensions Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance and Future Orientation. Methodology – Primary data was collected with a quantitative online survey. The identical GLOBE questionnaire was used to obtain the data from the Generation Y cohort. Findings – The dissertation confirmed evident and significant differences between the Portuguese and German Generation Y within each of the three researched cultural dimensions. Research limitations – It is unclear whether the participants can be representative for the entire Generation Y as the age group was not well distributed within Generation Y’s defined date of birth between 1980-1999. Practical implications – Organizations can gain an understanding about the cultural similarities and differences of the Portuguese and German Generation Y cohort. Originality – To the author’s knowledge this is the first research regarding the cross-cultural comparison of the Portuguese and German Generation Y regarding the cultural dimensions Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance and Future Orientation.
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Hartmann, Patrick Alexander. "A cross-cultural comparison of the Portuguese and German Generation Y in terms of power distance, uncertainty avoidance and future orientation." Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/26199.
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The cross-cultural literature is undecisive about the durability of previously measured national
culture dimensions. There are doubts whether the scores are stable and representative in today’s
globalized societies and whether these converge over time. The purpose of this study was to
examine the Portuguese and German Generation Y cohort regarding their values in terms of
Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance and Future Orientation, and compare the data with
previously researched national culture scores by GLOB. Primary data was collected with a
quantitative online survey. The identical GLOBE questionnaire was used to obtain the data
from the Generation Y cohort. 1) The measured cultural dimension scores by Generation Y
were, as hypothesized, different towards the previously obtained GLOBE scores. Interestingly,
the German culture scores changed more than the Portuguese. 2) The measured cultural
dimension scores of the German and Portuguese Generation Y participants have diverged,
which was the contrary to the hypothesized cultural convergence. It is however unclear whether
the participants can be representative for the entire Generation Y as the age group was not well
distributed within Generation Y’s defined date of birth between 1980-1999. With this study,
organizations can gain an understanding about the cultural similarities and differences of the
Portuguese and German Generation Y cohort. To the author’s knowledge this is the first
research regarding the cross-cultural comparison of the Portuguese and German Generation Y
regarding the cultural dimensions Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance and Future
Orientation.A literatura cross-cultural é ambígua em relação à actualidade das dimensões nacionais de cultura. Deste modo, existem questões quanto stabilidade e confiabilidade desses mesmos resultados antigos nos dias de hoje, dado que a globalização poderá ter levado à convergência das diferentes dimensões. Esta dissertação propõe – se a analisar a geração Y da população alemã e portuguesa considerando os seus valores, em relação às dimensões de Distância ao Poder, Evitar a Incerteza e Orientação para o Futuro, de forma a comparar com o estudo previamente conduzido pela GLOBE relativamente às dimensões culturais nacionais. De modo, a encontrar uma resposta à qual esta dissertação se propõe, dados primários foram recolhidos através de um questionário online quantitativo que teve por base o questionário original GLOBE. Os resultados desta análise mostraram que as dimensões culturais estudadas relativamente à geração Y são divergentes do estudo original. Nomeadamente, os resultados referentes às dimensões da cultura alemã que tiveram maior alteração que as dimensões da cultura portuguesa. Além disso, o estudo revela que as dimensões culturais estudadas da geração Y destes dois países divergiu ao longo dos anos. Contrariamente, ao que seria proposto como hipótese inicial deste estudo, que previa a convergência das dimensões culturais dos dois países ao longo dos anos. Esta dissertação tem algumas limitações, nomeadamente o grupo de participantes não ser uma representação sólida da geração Y, dado que não foi possível obter uma recolha rigorosa da distribuição de idades de pessoas nascidas entre 1980 e 1999. Em termos práticos, as resoluções deste estudo possibilitam às organizações um maior conhecimento e compreensão das dimensões culturais propostas da geração Y, em particular as semelhanças e diferenças existentes destes dois países. Durante o período de pesquisa e análise, o autor desta tese não conseguiu encontrar nenhum estudo que se foque na análise e comparação da geração Y de Portugal e da Alemanha relativamente às dimensões culturais estudadas.
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Koller, Brenda Joyce. "Practitioners' insights on intercultural predeparture training : design and practices." Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/723.
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This research presents practitioners' insights on the concepts, theories, models, assessments tools, and other training practices that are currently considered when creating a two-day predeparture intercultural training (ICT) specifically for Americans departing for at least a one-year international assignment. This study reports data gathered by using a web-based survey that was completed by 25 practitioners from the intercultural communication field who provide predeparture ICT.
The current literature in the field of ICT is presented as well as a sample outline of a two-day predeparture ICT program based on the results of this study and the literature. The outline indicates the primary content elements, one possible sequencing of such a program, as well as descriptions of how the elements are delivered and what tools are used to support the delivery. The motivation for this study was to provide a bridge between theory and practice in the field of ICT as there is an abundance of literature regarding the theory of the field, but very little has been written about how practitioners are employing the theories in their work.
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Crist, Angela R. "South African Ubuntu Theory in Cross Cultural Community Development Practice: An Autoethnographic Exploration." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1244121998.
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Katono, Isaac Wasswa. "Cultural predictions of entrepreneurial orientation and the moderating role of entrepreneurial competencies on graduate entrepreneurial intentions: A cross-sectional survey of East Africa." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32745.
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This research project examines a theoretical gap (impact of culture on entrepreneurial orientation EO) to try and mitigate a practical problem (unemployment) among graduates in three East African countries: Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Unemployment would be mitigated if only graduates embraced entrepreneurship by starting their own business projects, and many governments have encouraged their youth/graduates to do this. Unfortunately, graduate student interest in entrepreneurial activities in many countries in Africa is very low, and the three study countries are no exception to this trend. While many explanations have been advanced for this phenomenon, a key theoretical gap left unattended in entrepreneurship research is the way in which culture impacts upon EO and how this affects entrepreneurial intention (EI), yet EO is often considered the most important variable in the formative stage of a given project. A close look at how culture influences EO is important because EO is unexplainable without considering the socio-cultural framework in which it is embedded, since it can be supportive or a hindrance to entrepreneurship in different contexts. Thus the key question which this study tries to address is: „Does culture constrain the development of a strong EO, eventually leading to low start-up in this region?‟ Specifically, can the low graduate start-up in these countries be explained by the impact of five cultural orientation dimensions (ambiguity intolerance, power distance, masculinity, independence and interdependence) and ability perception variables (achievement motivation and learning goal orientation LGO) on two variables of EO namely risk taking and proactiveness? How does gender affect these relationships? Besides gender, this study also sought to know the level of prevalence in the study population of three other important culturally influenced variables in entrepreneurship literature namely experience, fear of failure and modernity in order to throw more light on the study problem In particular, given that individuals with a modern outlook are somehow liberated from firm cultural norms, this study sought to establish whether students with a more modern outlook differ from those with a less modern one in terms of the study variables. Further, does optimism another important culturally inclined characteristic of entrepreneurs moderate the relationship between EO and entrepreneurial intention? Some authors argue, however, that culture does not matter; rather, what matters are the entrepreneurial competencies of an entrepreneur. Hence another major question addressed in the current study is to what extent do entrepreneurial competencies (such as knowledge/networks) moderate the relationship between EO and entrepreneurial intention? Using the theory of planned behavior (TPB), upper echelons theory and image theory, this study seeks to address these questions based on a pragmatic paradigm and thus a mixed methods approach in two phases. Phase one of the study was qualitative consisting of non- structured interviews and conversations with various stake holders and is the basis upon which the study instrument was refined. Phase two was quantitative, utilizing a cross-sectional survey research design based on a non random sampling to gather data from finalists in business faculties in three public and two private universities in the study countries (N=1086) during their classes. Data analysis consisted of three phases, comprising ten steps. Phase one was more of a preliminary analysis and consisted of five steps: Generation of descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, and normality tests in step 1, T-tests to gauge the prevalence of experience, fear of failure, and modernity as well as a MANOVA to gauge the prevalence of the cultural dimensions in each study country in step 2, Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) by Varimax/promax rotation to examine the factor structures of the study dimensions in step 3, followed by examination of validity (construct validity, discriminant validity) and reliability for all study instruments (alpha and composite reliability, CR) in Step 4, while step 5 confirmed the factor structure of the measures using confirmatory factor analysis CFA (Lisrel 8.8). The second phase utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) based on latent variables (using AMOS 23) to first estimate a CFA model, followed by a structural baseline model for all data combined (omnibus model) in step 6. This was followed by fitting the baseline model into each country data set in step 7. In step 8, data was divided by gender into male and female samples and by modernity into low and high modernity groups and the baseline model was fitted into each of these four data sets. This was followed by invariance tests between the gender sets and modernity sets as a basis for their meaningful comparison (step 9). The third phase utilized the process macro in SPSS (step 10) to conduct the moderation analysis. Study findings indicate that in all three countries, only 50% of the respondents had some sort of start-up experience. A third (31%) of the students in the three countries indicated that fear of failure would prevent them from starting a business, while the rest indicated that it would not. Further, students who do not regard fear of failure as a barrier to entrepreneurial activities scored significantly higher on proactiveness, knowledge, achievement motivation and modernity in all the three countries, while in at least two of these countries, these people scored significantly higher on risk taking, networking and learning goal orientation. This finding confirms that fear of failure is an important barrier to graduate entrepreneurship in this region. Turning to the structural models in SEM, findings indicate that the low start-up rate in these countries can be attributed to the negative impact of ambiguity intolerance (the most problematic variable), power distance, and lack of an optimistic bias as well as possible negative attitude towards those with an independent cultural orientation. However, Independence and Interdependence support EO, in agreement with researchers who assert that both cultural variables are good for entrepreneurship. Theoretically, the study makes an extension of the TPB since achievement motivation predicts intention in all study samples (apart from Kenya and Tanzania). In terms of gender, there are no significant differences on the reported levels of risk taking; however females score significantly higher on proactiveness. Further structural models indicate that males are more achievement oriented than females, while the low modernity group seems to be more entrepreneurial than the high modernity group. Lastly, networks and knowledge moderate the relationship between risk taking/proactiveness and intention, while optimism does not. The study calls for a revision of the curriculum to include tolerance for ambiguity, proactiveness and autonomy courses in entrepreneurship education as well as a change in the mode of delivery of this subject. A transformation in the education systems of the three countries is needed to produce critical thinkers and to introduce entrepreneurship early in the education system to make everyone appreciate entrepreneurship, thus nurturing an entrepreneurial culture.
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McFarland, Jeremiah James. "Information gathering and culture shock: Mediating the effect of individual characteristics of international adjustment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3380.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect that information gathering and culture shock have on the relationship between individual characteristics and international adjustment. Participants for this study consisted of 95 international students within the California State University system.
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Davis, Brian Keith. "Preparing Anglo adults to teach children in a Hispanic Sunday school." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Rujipak, Thanyalak. "The re-entry adjustment of Thai students in the transition from graduation in Australia to the return home." Swinburne Research Bank, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/69982.
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Thesis (PhD) - Faculty of Higher Education, Lilydale, Swinburne University of Technology, 2009.Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy, Faculty of Higher Education, Lilydale, Swinburne University of Technology - 2009. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. ??-??)