Journal articles on the topic 'Croatia'
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1
Žabčić, Rebeka Mesarić, and Nikola Šimunić. "Selected Demographic Aspects of Contemporary Migration Trends between Croatia and Austria." Treatises and Documents, Journal of Ethnic Studies / Razprave in Gradivo, Revija za narodnostna vprašanja 88, no. 88 (June 1, 2022): 133–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36144/rig88.jun22.133-153.
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Abstract After Croatia’s accession to the European Union, a trend of increased emigration of Croatian citizens outside the borders of Croatia was noticed. The aim of this paper is to map selected demographic characteristics of contemporary migration trends between Croatia and Austria in the period from 2013 (Croatia’s accession to the European Union) to 2020. The paper uses classical demographic statistical-mathematical analytical methods in combination with GIS analysis. The paper is based on official Austrian statistics with a focus on Croatian citizens. The spatial framework of the research is the state level and the Austrian NUTS 3 regions (Gruppen von Gemeinden). According to Austrian statistics, a total of 14,011 Croatian citizens emigrated from Austria to Croatia, and a total of 33,127 Croatian citizens immigrated to Austria from Croatia, which means that Croatia recorded a negative overall migration balance compared with Austria (–19,116 Croatian citizens). As a result, Croatia lost an average of approximately 2,730 people a year due to the emigration of Croatian citizens to Austria.
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Sokolić, Ivor. "Denying the Unknown. Everyday Narratives about Croatian Involvement in the 1992-1995 Bosnian Conflict." Südosteuropa 65, no. 4 (January 26, 2018): 632–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/soeu-2017-0042.
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Abstract This article, based on the results of focus-group discussions, dyads, and interviews in Croatia, examines how Croatians construct their narrative of the 1992-1995 conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia’s role in it. Despite judgements at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) concluding that the Croatian state intervened in the Bosnian conflict, respondents in this study claimed to be ignorant of any such intervention. What was discussed worked in concert with the dominant Croatian war narrative of Croatian defence, victimhood, and sacrifice in the face of a larger, Serbian aggressor. By portraying the Bosnian conflict as chaotic and savage, respondents differentiated it from the Croatian one and relativised any illicit actions within a framework of nesting orientalism. Croatian involvement in Bosnia-Herzegovina was generally seen as positive: it was viewed in terms of Croatia welcoming Bosniak refugees and providing military assistance, which enabled moral licensing with regard to the rarely mentioned and marginalised negative aspects of Croatia’s involvement in the conflict.
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Razsa, Maple, and Nicole Lindstrom. "Balkan Is Beautiful: Balkanism in the Political Discourse of Tudman’s Croatia." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 18, no. 4 (November 2004): 628–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325404266939.
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This article examines the role of Balkanist discourse in Tudman’s Croatia. Todorova’s concept of Balkanism provides a useful theoretical framework through which to explore the deployment of Balkanist stereotypes against Croatia by Western leaders. Balkanism also illuminates the ways in which Croatians used many of these same Balkan stereotypes to differentiate themselves from their neighbors to the south and east. Through an examination of Croatian newspaper columns, government documents and speeches, and political cartoons from the 1990s, this article analyzes how Balkanist interpretations and representations played an integral role in the construction of Croatian national identity and the mobilization of Croatians around a variety of political agendas. The objective of this article is not, however, simply to document the deployment of Balkanist stereotypes against or within Croatia. The second component of the article suggests ways in which Croatia’s liminal position between “Europe” and the “Balkans” might serve as an ideal standpoint from which one might challenge the binary oppositions of Balkanism and begin to reimagine the Balkans, redirecting these categories as a site of political engagement and critique.
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Radovinović, Željka. "The Czech Republic and Croatia: Cooperation on the Early Production of Recorded Sound." Fontes Artis Musicae 71, no. 1 (January 2024): 28–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/fam.2024.a922725.
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English Abstract: The ties between Croats and Czechs, based on common Slavic roots, can be traced back to the distant past. From the eighteenth century, especially while belonging to the same state, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Czechs immigrated in large numbers to the territory of today's Croatia. First came farmers in search of free land to cultivate, and later craftsmen, entrepreneurs, intellectuals, and artists arrived. The subject of cooperation between Croatians and Czechs in the sound recording industry can be traced from the paper labels on recordings, which reveal that many Czech records were produced in Zagreb, while many Croatian records were produced in Ústí nad Labem and Prague in what is today the Czech Republic. On the Croatian side, there is some literature on the first years of recorded sound in Croatia, as well as articles in periodicals from the period and scarce archival sources. As a participant in a scientific project on the Croatian industry of gramophone records (the record industry in Croatia from 1927 to the end of the 1950s), I conducted comprehensive research in Prague to trace the bilateral links between Croatian Edison Bell Penkala (EBP) and Elektroton and Czech gramophone companies (Esta, Ultraphon, etc.); on companies that recorded Croatian artists before EBP; and on the cooperation between Czech Gramofonové závody and Jugoton at the beginning of their existence. Colleagues provided insight into the available literature, documentation, and results of their research for the project Novy Fonograf ( Novy Fonograf : nasluchejme zvuku historie. For information on the project, see: https://novyfonograf.cz/en/about/). Additional information was also found from the Zagreb company Croatia Records (formerly Jugoton) and the Archive of Yugoslavia in Belgrade. In this article, I will explain the flow of cooperation between the two countries on the production of shellac gramophone recordings in the time of world wars and turbulent political changes. French Abstract: Les liens entre Croates et Tchèques, fondés sur des racines slaves communes, peuvent être retracés depuis un passé lointain. Dès le XVIIIe siècle, surtout lorsqu'ils appartenaient au même État, l'Empire austro-hongrois, les Tchèques ont immigré en grand nombre sur le territoire de l'actuelle Croatie. Les premiers arrivants furent des agriculteurs à la recherche de terres libres à cultiver, et plus tard des artisans, des entrepreneurs, des intellectuels et des artistes. La coopération entre Croates et Tchèques dans l'industrie de l'enregistrement sonore peut être retracée à partir des étiquettes papier des enregistrements, qui révèlent que de nombreux disques tchèques ont été produits à Zagreb, tandis que de nombreux disques croates ont été produits à Ústí nad Labem et à Prague, dans ce qui est aujourd'hui la République tchèque. Côté croate, il existe un peu de littérature sur les premières années de l'enregistrement sonore en Croatie, ainsi que des articles dans des périodiques de l'époque et de maigres sources d'archives. En tant que participant à un projet scientifique sur l'industrie croate des disques gramophones (l'industrie du disque en Croatie de 1927 à la fin des années 1950), j'ai mené des recherches approfondies à Prague pour retracer les liens bilatéraux entre les sociétés croates Edison Bell Penkala (EBP) et Elektroton et les sociétés tchèques de gramophones (Esta, Ultraphon, etc.) ; sur les sociétés qui ont enregistré des artistes croates avant EBP ; et sur la coopération entre les sociétés tchèques Gramofonové závody et Jugoton au début de leur existence. German Abstract: Die auf gemeinsamen slawischen Wurzeln beruhenden Verbindungen zwischen Kroaten und Tschechen lassen sich bis in die ferne Vergangenheit zurückverfolgen. Seit dem 18. Jahrhundert wanderten Tschechen in großer Zahl in das Gebiet des heutigen Kroatien ein, insbesondere solange sowohl Tschechien als auch Kroatien Teil der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie waren. Zunächst kamen Bauern auf der Suche nach freiem Land zum Bewirtschaften, später dann Handwerker, Unternehmer, Intellektuelle und Künstler. Das Thema der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Kroaten und Tschechen in der Tonträgerindustrie lässt sich anhand der Labels auf Tonträgern nachvollziehen; aus ihnen geht hervor, dass viele tschechische Schallplatten in Zagreb produziert wurden, während viele kroatische Schallplatten in Ústí nad Labem und Prag, also in der heutigen tschechischen Republik, hergestellt wurden. Auf kroatischer Seite gibt es einige Literatur über die ersten Jahre der Tonaufzeichnung in Kroatien sowie zeitgenössische Zeitschriftenartikel und seltene Archivquellen. Als Teilnehmerin eines wissenschaftlichen Projekts über die kroatische Schallplattenindustrie – mit dem Thema 'Die Schallplattenindustrie in Kroatien von 1927 bis zum Ende der 1950er Jahre' – führte ich in Prag umfassende Recherchen durch, um die bilateralen Verbindungen zwischen der kroatischen Edison Bell Penkala (EBP) und Elektroton einerseits und den tschechischen Grammophonunternehmen (Esta, Ultraphon usw.) andererseits zu untersuchen. Meine Forschung widmete sich außerdem Unternehmen, die vor EBP Aufnahmen kroatischer Künstler gemacht haben, sowie der Zusammenarbeit zwischen der tschechischen Gramofonové závody und Jugoton zu Beginn ihrer Existenz. Kollegen haben mir Literatur, Dokumente und Forschungsergebnisse zum Projekt Novy Fonograf zur Verfügung gestellt. (Novy Fonograf: nasluchejme zvuku historie. – Informationen zum Projekt finden Sie unter: https://novyfonograf.cz/en/about/). Zusätzliche Informationen wurden auch bei der Zagreber Firma Croatia Records (ehemals Jugoton) und dem Archiv Jugoslawiens in Belgrad gefunden. Im Beitrag wird der Ablauf der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den beiden Ländern bei der Herstellung von Schellackplattenaufnahmen zur Zeit der Weltkriege und turbulenter politischer Veränderungen erläutert.
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Perković Paloš, Andrijana. "Croatian leadership and Jews in the 1990s." St open 1 (2020): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.48188/so.1.13.
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Aim: What was the attitude of the first Croatian president Franjo Tuđman and the Croatian leadership towards the Holocaust and the Jewish community in Croatia in the 1990s? Some considered Tuđman a Holocaust denier because of the purportedly controversial parts of his 1989 book Bespuća povijesne zbiljnosti (Wastelands of Historical Reality). The Croatian leadership was accused of minimizing World War II crimes of the Ustasha regime and rehabilitating the World War II Independent State of Croatia. Methods: We analyzed archival documents, Tuđman’s published correspondence, controversial parts of his Wastelands of Historical Reality, his public statements, biographical writings of contemporary Croatian leaders, and newspaper articles. We scrutinized the Serbian propaganda against Croatia in the 1990s, the position and role of the Jewish community and prominent Jews in Croatian public life as well as the relations between Croatia and Israel. Findings: The Croatian leadership and the Jewish community maintained good relations in the 1990s. Some prominent Croatian Jews actively advocated for Croatia’s international recognition and refuted certain authors’ and some Jewish international circles’ accusations of antisemitism among Croatian leadership. Jews participated at the highest levels of Croatian government. Democratic changes at the beginning of the 1990s enabled national, religious, political and other freedoms for minorities in Croatia, including the Jewish community. Still, some authors considered Tuđman an anti-Semite and a Holocaust denier. These opinions were partly shaped by quotes from the Wastelands of Historical Reality taken out of context and published by Serbian propagandists. This propaganda successfully shaped the false perception of official antisemitism in Croatia and has contributed to the delay in the establishment of the diplomatic relations between Croatia and Israel for more than five years after Israel had recognized Croatia. Conclusion: There is no evidence for claims of political antisemitism in Croatia in the 1990s. This article sheds light on this widely manipulated topic and provides a basis for further research.
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Perković Paloš, Andrijana. "Croatian leadership and Jews in the 1990s." St open 1 (2020): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.48188/so.1.13.
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Aim: What was the attitude of the first Croatian president Franjo Tuđman and the Croatian leadership towards the Holocaust and the Jewish community in Croatia in the 1990s? Some considered Tuđman a Holocaust denier because of the purportedly controversial parts of his 1989 book Bespuća povijesne zbiljnosti (Wastelands of Historical Reality). The Croatian leadership was accused of minimizing World War II crimes of the Ustasha regime and rehabilitating the World War II Independent State of Croatia. Methods: We analyzed archival documents, Tuđman’s published correspondence, controversial parts of his Wastelands of Historical Reality, his public statements, biographical writings of contemporary Croatian leaders, and newspaper articles. We scrutinized the Serbian propaganda against Croatia in the 1990s, the position and role of the Jewish community and prominent Jews in Croatian public life as well as the relations between Croatia and Israel. Findings: The Croatian leadership and the Jewish community maintained good relations in the 1990s. Some prominent Croatian Jews actively advocated for Croatia’s international recognition and refuted certain authors’ and some Jewish international circles’ accusations of antisemitism among Croatian leadership. Jews participated at the highest levels of Croatian government. Democratic changes at the beginning of the 1990s enabled national, religious, political and other freedoms for minorities in Croatia, including the Jewish community. Still, some authors considered Tuđman an anti-Semite and a Holocaust denier. These opinions were partly shaped by quotes from the Wastelands of Historical Reality taken out of context and published by Serbian propagandists. This propaganda successfully shaped the false perception of official antisemitism in Croatia and has contributed to the delay in the establishment of the diplomatic relations between Croatia and Israel for more than five years after Israel had recognized Croatia. Conclusion: There is no evidence for claims of political antisemitism in Croatia in the 1990s. This article sheds light on this widely manipulated topic and provides a basis for further research.
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Lovrenović, Dubravko. "Croatization of the Bosnian Middle Ages in Light of the Religious Character of Stećak Tombstones (About a model of the changing the historical memory)." Godišnjak Centra za balkanološka ispitivanja, no. 42 (January 6, 2022): 103–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/godisnjak.cbi.anubih-42.24.
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The nationalist approach to Croatianhood formed within the Croatian Party of Rights and and the concept of political Catholicism were both introduced into the Croatian historiography of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. This phenomenon, along with a new historical perspective on Croatia as „mother-land“, led to attemptsto Croatize the Bosnian Middle Ages. As a result, an extensive historiography was created with the aim of presenting the Bosnian Middle Ages as part of Croatian medieval national history. These efforts were also reflected in a false ethnic and religious attribution of stećaks – Bosnian medieval tombstones – which were and still are attributed exclusively to Croatians andCatholics. The extent of the Croatization of the Bosnian Middle Ages, and thus of stećaks too, changed withthe changing political regimes. In the Austro-Hungarian period (1878–1918) two authors, Fran Milobar and Ivo Pilar, published books and articles based on the theory, propagated by the Croatian Party of Rights, about the „original territorial acquisition.“They set up and developed a pseudoscholarly thesis about the ethnic and dynastic Croatian character of the Bosnian Middle Ages. During the first Yugoslavia (1918–1941) the thesis was picked up and further developed by Josip Horvat in his monumental synthetic work on a thousand years of Croatian culture. During the same period a number of articles were published in an issue of the People’s Calendar, put out by Napredak, the Croatian Cultural Society of Bosnia-Herzegovina,which propagated this historiographic error to a wider readership. During the quisling state called The IndependentState od Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, 1941–1945), the Croatization of the Bosnian Middle Ages was “standardized” in a publication produced by Napredak and entitled The History of Croatian Lands in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the Earliest Times until 1463; the main contributors were Filip Lukas, Oton Knezović, Ćiro Truhelka, Ljubo Karaman, VladimirVrana and Mate Tentor. The theory of Croatian Bosnia was also popularized through textbooks. Ante Pavelić, the head of The Independent State od Croatia, dealt with the same topic in his writings, using the Bosnian Middle Ages as the central motif. Particularly manifest in these writings are historiographical and geopolitical delusions concocted in order to legalizeThe Ustasa regime: 1. The Drina river – the civilizational boundary between two worlds in the context of national and ideological topography with the inclusion of the Drina river in the lyrics of the Croatian national anthem. 2. Croatians – the outer wall ofWestern Europe. 3. Iranian/Gothic origin of Croats. 4. The supposed centuries-old continuity of Croatian statehood as a legitimizing factor for The Independent State of Croatia. 5. Bosnia – body and heart of the Independent State of Croatia.In the period since 1945, father Dominik Mandić – a prominent name in historic scholarship to this day – went further than anybody else in the Croatization of the Bosnian Middle Ages. Some encyclopedic publications, even the latest ones, as well as of course the Internet as the most suitable tool for the globalization of such delusions, were not exempt from the“virus” of bad scholarship. Abandoning the Croatian myth of Greater Croatia, invented by the Croatiann Party of Rights, of Croatian Bosnia since “the seventh century” and the placing of the “Croatian question” in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the context of its creation – since the nineteenth/twentieth century – ought to be the primary goal of historical scholarship as a “secondary” discipline in the creation of democratic political culture. The Croatization of stećaks and of the Bosnian Middle Ages cannot contribute to the achievement of this goal because, apart from being factually unsound, it reflects a state of political immaturity. Scholarly maturity is a prerequisite to the maturity of political culture and its „relocation“ from the worldof submissive and parochial culture into the world of participatory and civic culture.
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Iveljić, Željko, Dan Lanc, Kamenka Živčić, and Lucija Milčić. "DEVELOPMENT OF GYMNASTICS IN CROATIA UP TO 1903." Science of Gymnastics Journal 15, no. 1 (February 24, 2023): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.15.1.5-25.
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This manuscript aimed to show the development of gymnastics in Croatia up until 1903. This article provided a chronological description of the growth of gymnastics in Croatia from 1859 to 1903. In Osijek, Croatia's first gymnastics society was founded in 1865. Gymnastics were introduced into schools in the middle of the 19th century as a result of increased interest in physical education based on by the stronger development of civil society. 1874. was founded Croatian Sokol in Zagreb and gymnastics also became a part of a high school program. In Croatia, numerous gymnastics societies started to be established, including the Varaždin Sokol Gymnastic Society in 1878 and the Zadar Gymnastic Society in 1876. In Dalmatia, central Croatia, and Slavonia, new gymnastics societies have been founded. For example, the Croatian Sokol was founded in Bjelovar in 1884 and Makarska in 1894. Additionally, the gymnastics society took part in open workouts in Prague and Pariz. Women's gymnastics started on in 1891 in Croatian Sokol in Zagreb where exercises were conducted in three divisions, including simple exercises and those on the apparatus.
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Palhegyi, Joel. "National museums, national myths: constructing socialist Yugoslavism for Croatia and Croats." Nationalities Papers 45, no. 6 (November 2017): 1048–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2017.1306502.
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This article concerns two national museums in Croatia during the socialist period, the Museum of the Revolution of the Peoples of Croatia and the Historical Museum of Croatia. Both state-developed institutions were intimately tied to the process of nationalization as they helped articulate the place of the Croatian nation within the ideology of supranational Yugoslavism founded on the ideas of socialist patriotism, brotherhood and unity, self-management, national assertion, and South Slavic culture and community. This paper therefore traces the development and collapse of Yugoslavism in Croatia's national narrative by analyzing how these museums adapted the mythology of socialist Yugoslavism for a particularly Croatian context. Specifically, this paper investigates the ways in which these museums operated in an often ambiguous national-supranational discourse in order to reinforce the historical precedents of Croatia as part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. I argue that these museums were envisioned by party elites and museum curators alike as essential to the project of building socialist Yugoslavism by adapting and altering Croatia's previous national pantheon of heroes, places, objects, and events to fit into a larger and distinctly supranational Yugoslav framework.
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Baban, M., M. Sakac, N. Korabi, B. Antunovic, P. Mijic, A. Ivankovic, and J. Ramljak. "Analysis of horse breeding and equestrian sports in the Republic of Croatia." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 3 (2011): 415–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1103415b.
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Horse breeding in the Republic of Croatia, before its entrance into European Union, is in the transitional period. In the breeding sense, Croatian horse breeding is set according to the model of European countries and is trying to counteract with ?modern horse breeding countries?. Croatian Center for Horse Breeding - Djakovo and Lipik State Stud Farms (CCHB), with the Central register of equidae is, as the head national institution, responsible for running and maintaining national central equidae database (49 registers of horses and 27 registers of breeding types). Croatia has registered total of 21.796 equidae, from which 19.306 animals are horses. Registered horses according to groups make the total proportion of 37% warmblood horses, 59% coldblood horses and 4% ponies. Horse breeders are organized in breeders associations, which form federations of associations referring to separate horse breeds. Currently in Croatia there are four federations of breeders associations (with 43 associations and 11 private stud farms). Those verified breeding organizations are conducting independently breeding programs and fully maintain breeding and selection obligations for horse breeds for which they have approval of the Croatian Ministry. Native breeds in Croatia are Croatian Coldblood, Croatian Posavac and Medjimurje horse (Murinsulaner), while Lipizzan horse is considered as protected breed. Development of horse breeding is considerably supported with national subsidies. Internationally verified breeds which are bred in Croatia are Lipizzan horse, Pure Arabian horses, Thoroughbred, Haflinger and Gidran horses. The horse breeding in Croatia is developing in four different directions. Ecological breeding implies native horse breeds and is spread on the areas of protected nature resorts in Croatia. Croatians are through their history connected to horse breeding, which is even today irreplaceable in traditional cultural manifestations (Djakovacki vezovi, Vinkovacke jeseni, Sinjska alka, etc.), various horse shows and fairs and also in more ?modern? ways through recreation and entertainment. The third direction of development of horse breeding in Croatia is therapeutic riding, which includes 26 associations, over one hundred horses and over one thousand users organized under the Therapeutic Riding Association of Croatia. Sports horse breeding represents fourth direction in Croatian horse breeding. It is formed by four federations: Croatian Trotting Federation (trotting), Croatian Gallop Federation (gallop sport) and Croatian Equestrian Federation (endurance, dressage, military, show jumping, driving). Croatian Equestrian Federation includes 49 equestrian clubs. In the last four years between 455 and 582 competitors and between 495 and 581 horses (for show jumping 45%, dressage 31%, endurance 19%, driving 5% and military) were licensed annually. Croatia achieved noticeable results on the international scene in driving sports and in Paralympics. In all mentioned directions of Croatian horse breeding, the tendency should be directed to achieving higher breeding standards (nutrition, stabling, transport, training) and more rational using of horses. Such breeding and using of horses will lead to top bred horses and successful sport horses. This implies synchronized work through long period of time, respecting institutional and breeding rules.
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Butković, Hrvoje. "The Rise of Direct Democracy in Croatia: Balancing or Challenging Parliamentary Representation?" Croatian International Relations Review 23, no. 77 (March 1, 2017): 39–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cirr-2017-0002.
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Abstract In 2010 the Croatian Constitution was changed to lower the requirements for the implementation of direct democracy at the national level, in order to save the referendum on Croatia’s EU membership from possible failure. Since then, Croatia has witnessed a sharp increase in people’s initiatives that have managed to block a number of the government’s reform proposals. Therefore, the newly discovered appeal of direct democracy in Croatia has created a new environment for the operation of its representative democracy. Starting from theoretical notions, this paper analyses the practice of direct democracy in selected transitional countries, which could be instructive for Croatia. In its central part, the paper explores the obstacles that stand in the way of the efficient implementation of direct democracy in Croatia.
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Gračan, Daniela. "STRATEGIC THINKING IN DEVELOPING NAUTICAL TOURISM IN CROATIA." Tourism and hospitality management 12, no. 1 (May 2006): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.12.1.9.
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Croatia possesses a comparative advantage based on its natural resources, ranking it high on the list of countries of nautical tourism. There is, however, an array of limiting factors that need to be eliminated if nautical tourism is to evolve on sound bases consistent with sustainable development. Future development cannot be based solely on Croatia's advantages reflected in its scenic spots, attractive landscapes and preserved environment. In 2005, new measures were introduced in nautical tourism to abolish black chartering; high standards of environmental protection of the Adriatic, implemented; and navigational safety, enhanced. Following these activities, the basic objective has become the need to define the strategic determinants for the future development of nautical tourism. Quantitative data point to a rapidly growing number of boaters, who expect to be received and accommodated in keeping with the trends on the service market of nautical tourism. Service quality in Croatian marinas is considerably below the quality levels of rival countries. Marinas in Croatia are in need of restructuring and repositioning, entailing continuous investment. Strategic thinking is needed in identifying the opportunities and lines of development of nautical tourism, in addressing the issue of the sustainable capacity, structure and distribution of berths along the Adriatic’s Croatian coastline as part of the strategic determination of Croatia’s tourism development, as well as in providing a comprehensive vision of current and future development.
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Stopić, Zvonimir. "Croatia and the Chinese “17+1” Cooperation Framework." Croatian international relations review 26, no. 86 (2020): 130–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37173/cirr.26.86.5.
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Since the Pelješac bridge construction project was awarded to the Chinese company China Road and Bridge Cooperation (CRBC) in January 2018, the Sino-Croatian relations reached a new high point. Since then, and contrary to Croatia’s past activity and interest, Croatia not only opted to more actively participate in the “17+1” cooperation framework, but even stepped forward by hosting the latest “17+1” summit, held in April 2019. The rekindled relations have since been, on the surface, bursting with possibilities regarding investment, exchanges of personnel, and cooperation on various levels. However, years of neglect, especially on the Croatian side, had created a situation in which Croatia is critically falling behind in experts, Chinese-speaking talents, and various aspects of knowledge needed to support this level of cooperation. Furthermore, judging by the press releases and the lack of clarifications from the Croatian government regarding the short-term decisions and the long-term direction the renewed Sino-Croatian friendship is taking, general understanding of how concepts such as the “17+1” or the Belt and Road Initiative actually reflect on Croatia with regards to their influence on the wider regional and global circumstances is also lacking. This paper analyses the width of the uneven approach China and Croatia are taking in the development of their relations and will attempt to address the issues and challenges that could arise from this unevenness.
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Šarić, Marko. "Revaluorization of the Geotraffic Position of the Republic of Croatia." Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 11, no. 09 (September 21, 2023): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2023.v11i09.001.
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The paper re-evaluates the traffic-geographical position of the Republic of Croatia after joining the EU and the Schengen area. Croatian strength is in the fact that it can connect several regions within Europe and that it functions as a link between Western Europe and the Western Balkans and Central Europe and the Mediterranean, however, its political-geographical and transport position can and should be further strengthened, as never before in its difficult and long history. Despite the pressures of malicious neighbors and internal opponents of European values, the Republic of Croatia entered the Schengen Area on January 1, 2023. Before that, it entered the European Union, and Croatian borders became the borders for entering Germany, Italy or France. Croatia's neighbors from the EU can no longer unilaterally block the flow of goods and services in the north-south direction, which is of vital importance for the strategic revaluation of Croatia's geotraffic position. The Adriatic-Ionian transport route is also important for the complete Croatian transport revaluation. The paper also analyzes the historical geopolitical position that influenced the Croatian transport policy.
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Kuzio, Taras. "Ukraine and the Yugoslav Conflict." Nationalities Papers 25, no. 3 (September 1997): 587–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999708408526.
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Even before gaining independence in December 1991 from the former USSR, Ukraine had supported Slovenia and Croatia's drive to independence from the former Yugoslavia. In May 1991, Croatian President Franjo Tudjman paid an official visit to Ukraine where then parliamentary speaker Leonid Kravchuk expressed sympathy with Croatia's desire for independence. Tudjman pointed out how Ukraine's seat at the United Nations had given it a head start in obtaining international recognition of its independent status. On 12 December 1991, twelve days after the Ukrainian referendum on independence, Kyiv became one of the first states to diplomatically recognise Croatia and Slovenia; and further, it announced its readiness to open embassies in both countries. Ukraine was the first member of the U.N. to recognise Croatia; the second and third countries, Slovenia and Lithuania, were not members of the U.N. when they recognised Croatia.
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Balija, Monika. "Motives, Factors, and Finality of Return Migration from Germany to Croatia." Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin 85, no. 2 (December 22, 2023): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21861/hgg.2023.85.02.03.
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The research aims to determine the motives, finality of return, and the importance of geographical proximity of the country of origin and destination for return migration of Croatian citizens who immigrated to Germany after Croatia's accession to the EU. The main motives for the return of the respondents are the fulfilment of a goal abroad, connection to Croatia, and dissatisfaction with German society. The respondents are connected to Croatia by family, friends, and love for their homeland, but not by economic conditions, which were pointed out as a possible push factor for reemigration from Croatia in the future. In the case of going abroad again, some respondents might consider Austria, in addition to Germany, due to its geographical proximity to Croatia. The experiences of the respondents showed that more effective population policies are needed, especially related to housing and labour policies, and a better standard of living, which were mentioned as strong push factors for emigration from Croatia.
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Petrungaro, Stefano. "Il Nation-building in Croazia. Gli studi recenti." MEMORIA E RICERCA, no. 30 (July 2009): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mer2009-030012.
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- The article represents a critical route through the existing historiography about the process of national integration in Croatia. What emerges is that it was studied only in some of its aspects, mostly related to political history and regarding only certain periods, above all the 19th century. The author considers innovative those approaches which give more attention to the interaction of the regional with the national level and to the role of minorities. In order to write a future history of nation-building in Croatia it will be also necessary to make use of the international debate about the diffusion of nationalisms and the construction of nations, but preserving the specifity of the Croatian case.Parole chiave: nation-building, Croazia, Jugoslavia, nazionalismo, identitŕ regionali, minoranze nation-building, Croatia, Yugoslavia, nationalism, regional identities, minorities
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Kurecic, Petar, Filip Kokotovic, and Vesna Haluga. "Is Corruption the Driving Force of Migration from Croatia: Evidence from a Survey." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 18, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeb-2023-0001.
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Abstract Migration of higher-educated individuals from Croatia is damaging the long-term perspective of the Croatian economy as lower levels of the participation rate in the Croatian economy may endanger the feasibility of the social, healthcare and pension systems. With Croatia’s accession to the EU, a wave of migration was facilitated as a result of easier access to foreign labour markets. The paper focuses on the causes of migration from Croatia given the relatively limited research devoted to this topic. While there is robust evidence of corruption being one of the main causes of migration globally, this paper questions this assertion specifically in the case of Croatia. The paper analyses information from a survey with a random sampling approach of 223 respondents from the Varaždin County. The data is analysed by implementing different logit regression models. The paper conceptualizes economic and political factors that may cause migration as different variables in order to conduct a robustness check. The main finding of the paper is that monetary causes and a belief that individuals could earn more income abroad are the primary motivator of migration from Croatia. This is contrary to much of the existing literature that identifies corruption as the driving force of migration. Knowing individuals who have migrated abroad also makes it more likely for an individual to migrate from Croatia. While the paper found a significant degree of lacking faith in public institutions, this was common to participants regardless of whether or not they considered migrating from Croatia. As such, the paper considers monetary conditions rather than corruption to be the key driving force behind migration from Croatia.
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Stryjek, Tomasz. "Wobec II wojny światowej i Wojny Ojczyźnianej. Kwestia zbrodni masowych z lat 1941–1945 w polityce pamięci w Chorwacji od 1991 r." Rocznik Polsko-Niemiecki, no. 24/2 (April 29, 2016): 161–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/rpn.2016.24.16.
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Croatia is the only modern country in Europe that gained independence (Independent State of Croatia, Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) during World War II thanks to the cooperation of the Axis. It is now struggling with the burden of responsibility for the mass crimes committed against Serbian, Jewish, Roma and Croatian political opponents on its own initiative rather than the Third Reich’s. On the other hand, the Croats were heavily repressed by the Yugoslav Army in 1945 (the remnants of the NDH forces were killed near Bleiburg during the so-called ‘way of the cross’). The Croats were also persecuted for their independence and cultural activities in the period between 1945 and 1991 (e.g. the Croatian Spring of 1971).Since 1991, the political scene of Croatia has been dominated by two parties: the right-wing Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ), which refers to the whole tradition of the independence movement with the exception of the Ustaše and NDH, and the left-wing League of Communists of Croatia (SKH), the successor of the Communist Party of Croatia. The parties fight for the memory of activities conducted by the anti-communists and communists between 1941 and 1991. They also fight to include the patriotic war’ of 1991–1995 to their symbolism and win the favour of veterans.The article examines the politics of memory pursued by the Croatian authorities in relation to the events of 1941–1991 and the main participants in the political scene in the period between 1991 and 2016. It takes account of the arguments of historians and intellectuals associated with the left and right side of the political scene. It examines the impact of international circumstances, such as Croatia’s pursuit of membership of NATO and the EU, inducing the state’s authorities to prosecute and condemn the perpetrators of crimes committed on its citizens in the years 1941–1945 and those responsible for the ethnic cleansing of 1991–1995. The author also points to the impact of individual orientations in the politics of memory on the process of Croatia’s transformation from totalitarianism to democracy and the related modernization changes.
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Krčmar, Stjepan, Daniel Whitmore, Thomas Pape, and Eliana Buenaventura. "Checklist of the Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of Croatia, with new records from Croatia and other Mediterranean countries." ZooKeys 831 (March 18, 2019): 95–155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.30795.
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An updated checklist of Croatian flesh flies is presented based on the literature, on material collected from 2004 to 2017, and on specimens in museum collections. The checklist comprises 22 genera and 148 species (two left unnamed), 105 of which are represented by new Croatian records. Twenty-five species are recorded from Croatia with certainty for the first time:Amobiapelopei(Rondani, 1859),ApodacraseriemaculataMacquart, 1854,Craticulinatabaniformis(Fabricius, 1805),Macronychiastriginervis(Zetterstedt, 1838),Metopiacampestris(Fallén, 1810),MiltogrammabrevipilaVilleneuve, 1911,MiltogrammaibericaVilleneuve, 1912,Miltogrammaoestracea(Fallén, 1820),MiltogrammapunctataMeigen, 1824,Oebalia cylindrica(Fallén, 1810),PhyllotelespictipennisLoew, 1844,Senotainiaconica(Fallén, 1810),Taxigrammahilarella(Zetterstedt, 1844),Taxigrammastictica(Meigen, 1830),Agriamonachae(Kramer, 1908),Nyctialugubris(Macquart, 1843), Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) aurulenta Rohdendorf, 1937, Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) batilligera Séguy, 1941, Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) plumicornis (Zetterstedt, 1859), Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) okaliana (Lehrer, 1975), Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) amita Rondani, 1860, Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) ancilla Rondani, 1865, Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pseudobenaci (Baranov, 1942), Sarcophaga (Myorhina) lunigera Böttcher, 1914 and Sarcophaga (Stackelbergeola) mehadiensis Böttcher, 1912.Taxigrammahilarella,Nyctialugubris,Agriamonachae, Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) aurulenta and Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) amita are recorded from Southeast Europe with certainty for the first time. The species Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) hennigi Lehrer, 1978 is omitted from the list, as previous records from Croatia are shown to be based on an erroneous synonymy withSarcophaganovakiBaranov, 1941 (= Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) croatica Baranov, 1941). Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) rufipes (Macquart, 1839) could not be confirmed from Croatia and is not included in the checklist. Three new synonymies are proposed:GolaniaLehrer, 2000 =ThyrsocnemaEnderlein, 1928,syn. nov., Parasarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) kovatschevitchi Strukan, 1970 = Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) marshalli Parker, 1923,syn. nov., and Sarcophagasubvicinassp.novaki Baranov, 1941 = Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) croatica Baranov, 1941,syn. nov.As part of an effort to update the European distributions of all Croatian species, the following new national and regional records are also provided:Miltogrammabrevipila,MiltogrammataeniataMeigen, 1824 and Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pandellei (Rohdendorf, 1937) new to Greece; Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) harpax Pandellé, 1896 and Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) croatica new to Italy (respectively mainland and mainland and Sicily);Miltogrammaibericanew to Bulgaria and Sardinia;Pterellaconvergens(Pandellé, 1895) new to mainland Italy and Sicily;Nyctialugubrisnew to mainland Italy and Sardinia; Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) litoralis (Villeneuve, 1911) new to Sardinia and thus confirmed for Italy;Apodacraseriemaculata,Macronychiastriginervis,Protomiltogrammafasciata(Meigen, 1824) and Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) ungulata (Pandellé, 1896) new to Sardinia and Sicily;MacronychiadoliniVerves & Khrokalo, 2006,Macronychiapolyodon(Meigen, 1824),Metopiaargyrocephala(Meigen, 1824),Senotainiaalbifrons(Rondani, 1859),Taxigrammamultipunctata(Rondani, 1859),Taxigrammastictica, Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) unicolor (Villeneuve, 1912) and Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) agnata Rondani, 1860 new to Sardinia;Metopodiapilicornis(Pandellé, 1895),Miltogrammaoestracea,MiltogrammarutilansMeigen, 1824,Nyctiahalterata(Panzer, 1798), Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) lapidosa Pape, 1994 and Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) plumicornis new to Sicily.
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Jurić, Tado. "Korupcija kao poticaj za iseljavanje iz Hrvatske." Kroatologija 14, no. 1 (July 24, 2023): 81–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.59323/k.14.1.4.
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This paper represents an initial step in testing the correlation between corruption and state capture on the one side and emigration as a consequence on the other. The study is based on our qualitative and quantitative research conducted in Germany on a sample of 1734 recently emigrated Croatians from 2016 to 2020 and on our new research on corruption and clientelism as a push factor for emigration from Croatia. The primary hypothesis is that migration and corruption trends are correlated and that with the growth of the emigration of young workers from Croatia, the corruption rate in the country increases even more. The second part of the research was conducted on a sample of small, medium and large companies throughout Croatia. Requests to participate were sent to 2500 companies in all Croatian counties, and 178 companies responded. The questions intended to assess so-called “state capture” in Croatia according to a concept developed by Hellman et al. (2000). We measured the capture of the judiciary, the executive and the legislature in the Republic of Croatia and the perception of bribery, corruption and clientelism in companies. Results: nepotism 71%, bribery 66%, rigging public tenders 93% significantly disrupt business. Companies rate the Government, Parliament and the judiciary as the worst public services. As many as 59% of companies believe that the Croatian judiciary is corrupt. Among the measures that companies unconditionally support are the revision of transformation and privatisation (82%) and the examination of the origin of assets (76%). The study results undoubtedly show that Croatia is even more corrupt today (2022) than it was as a non-EU member. The opening of borders has certainly facilitated emigration from Croatia, but this paper shows that emigration would not be so intense if the state and the society were not “captured”.
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Eremin, Denis. "CROATIAN PARTY OF RIGHTS AS AN ACTOR OF THE BOSNIAN CRISIS." Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 27, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran32022113121.
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The article explores the function of the Croatian Party of Rights at the time of the collapse of Yugoslavia, secession of Croatia and the Bosnian crisis. The disintegration of the federation along the republican borders presupposed Croats to become a divided nation. This fact determined an active involvement of the Croatian Party of Rights in the events of the Bosnian crisis as a rightwing movement, which considers Independent State of Croatia as an institutional reflection of the Croatian common aspiration to create independent nation-state. The Croatian Party of Rights proposed «Great Croatia» programme to create independent Croatia providing existence of the whole Croat population of the former Yugoslavia within one state. Consequently, The Croatian Party of Rights became a political competitor for the leading force of the Croatian national movement – The Croatian Democratic Union, giving rise to their political struggle. The Croatian Democratic Union, as more popular and moderate movement in comparison with the Croatian Party of Rights, prevailed. It proposed more pragmatic and realistic «Small Croatia» programme in the context of the internationalization of political processes on the whole territory of the former Yugoslavia, considering leading role of the external Great powers in determining the future of the entire region.
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Eremin, Denis. "CROATIAN PARTY OF RIGHTS AS AN ACTOR OF THE BOSNIAN CRISIS." Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 27, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran32022113122.
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The article explores the function of the Croatian Party of Rights at the time of the collapse of Yugoslavia, secession of Croatia and the Bosnian crisis. The disintegration of the federation along the republican borders presupposed Croats to become a divided nation. This fact determined an active involvement of the Croatian Party of Rights in the events of the Bosnian crisis as a rightwing movement, which considers Independent State of Croatia as an institutional reflection of the Croatian common aspiration to create independent nation-state. The Croatian Party of Rights proposed «Great Croatia» programme to create independent Croatia providing existence of the whole Croat population of the former Yugoslavia within one state. Consequently, The Croatian Party of Rights became a political competitor for the leading force of the Croatian national movement – The Croatian Democratic Union, giving rise to their political struggle. The Croatian Democratic Union, as more popular and moderate movement in comparison with the Croatian Party of Rights, prevailed. It proposed more pragmatic and realistic «Small Croatia» programme in the context of the internationalization of political processes on the whole territory of the former Yugoslavia, considering leading role of the external Great powers in determining the future of the entire region.
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Bučar, Marija, Vedran Šegota, Anja Rimac, David Dianežević, and Antun Alegro. "New species and noteworthy records from Herbarium Croaticum (ZA) bryophyte collection." Natura Croatica 32, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20302/nc.2023.32.13.
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Prior to this research little was known about the historical Herbarium Croaticum (ZA) bryophyte collection. In 2021 and 2022 the historical bryophyte collection from ZA herbarium was systemised, nomenclaturally revised and geocoded within Flora Croatica Database, revealing as many as 1982 specimens of 335 species gathered across Croatia prior to 2000. Among them, Hylocomiastrum umbratum and Timmiella barbuloides were found to be the new, so-far forgotten species in Croatian bryoflora. From a herbarium voucher, Heterocladium dimorphum was finally confirmed for Croatia. Additionally, noteworthy specimens of rare and underrecorded species, the oldest records and new, previously unknown localities, were presented. Ultimately, the discovered herbarium vouchers provide a revision and verification of historical records previously known only from literature.
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Rakić, Branko. "The Ustasha genocide over the Serbs: The continuing Dolus Specialis." Napredak 3, no. 2 (2022): 69–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/napredak3-39804.
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The key characteristic of the criminal aspect of the genocide, which distinguishes it from other violations of international humanitarian law and raises it to the level of the "crime above all crimes", is the existence of the so-called genocidal intention of "complete or partial destruction of a specific national, ethnic, racial or religious group". The gravity and monstrosity of the content of such intention, as q rule, require that it is deeply rooted in the conscience of the members of the group perpetrating this crime, while such inveteracy also implies the permanence of the intention, or genocidal idea. During World War II, the Serbian people, together with Jews and Romas, in the Independent State of Croatia were the victims of the genocide, the crime that abhorred even the Nazis. The idea and intention of the extermination of the Serbian people from the territory considered as Croatia's national territory by the Croatian nationalists, although existing for centuries in the past, got its "theoretical formation" in the 19th century, primarily in the works of Ante Starčević, who was called the "Father of the Fatherland" while he was still alive. The Ustasha openly showed their enthusiasm and inspiration by Starčević's works during World War II, claiming that there would not have been the Independent State of Croatia if it had not been for Starčević. The Ustasha ideology persisted after World War II, primarily through the activities of the Ustasha emigrants, but Croatian nationalism, open to accept the Ustasha ideological legacy, also persisted in the territory of Croatia itself. At the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, the revival of the idea about the secession of Croatia and its realization also led to the revival of the idea of the Serbs as a "destructive factor" in Croatia and the necessity of their elimination from that territory. Tuđman's Croatia resumed the Ustasha ideology in all its elements, including its attitude towards the Serbs and the genocidal intention, which had been largely realized during World War II. Drawing on the experience from the ISC, the Serbs became organized and prevented the repetition of the fate of their ancestors and relatives killed during World War II, but did not succeed in avoiding the "ethnic cleansing" from the territory of Croatia. The manner in which today's Croatia interprets events both from World War II and from the 1990s shows that the Ustasha ideology is still deeply rooted in the significant element of the Croatian society, including practically the entire top government of Croatia. An essentially important element of the Ustasha ideology is its genocidal intention towards the Serbs still living in Croatia.
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Krčmar, Stjepan. "Diversity of flesh flies (Sarcophagidae, Sarcophaginae) of pond habitats in rural areas in the Croatian part of Baranja." ZooKeys 1159 (April 24, 2023): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1159.100878.
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The diversity of grey flesh flies (Sarcophagidae: Sarcophaginae) from the Croatian part of Baranja was studied during 2019 to 2021, resulting in 37 species, of which the following are new for the area: Ravinia pernix (Harris, 1780); Sarcophaga (Het.) depressifrons Zetterstedt, 1845; S. (Het.) filia Rondani, 1860; S. (Het.) haemorrhoides Böttcher, 1913; S. (Het.) pumila Meigen, 1826; S. (Het.) vagans Meigen, 1826; S. (Lis.) dux Thomson, 1869; S. (Lis.) tuberosa Pandellé, 1896; S. (Meh.) sexpunctata (Fabricius, 1805); S. (Pan.) protuberans Pandellé, 1896; S. (Sar.) carnaria (Linnaeus, 1758); S. (Sar.) variegata (Scopoli, 1763), and S. (Pse.) spinosa Villeneuve, 1912. New locality records are provided for 25 species. Sarcophaga (Sar.) croatica Baranov, 1941 was the most abundant with 37%, followed by S. (Sar.) lehmanni Müller, 1922 (21%), and S. (Pas.) albiceps Meigen, 1826 (5%), making up 63% of all collected specimens. Most species (35) were collected in locality of Zmajevac, while the fewest (3) were collected in Bilje locality. During this study, S. (Pse.) spinosa was recorded in Croatia for the first time. Combined with previous records, 42 species of flesh flies have been recorded from Croatian Baranja, which comprise 27% of the flesh flies known to occur in Croatia. The total number of species of the family Sarcophagidae currently known in Croatia has increased to 156.
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Yakovina, Tvtrko. "CROATIAN POLITICS: SYMBOLS AND INACTIVITY." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 2 (2021): 101–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2021.02.05.
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The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the foreign policy of the Republic of Croatia in close connection with its domestic policy. The author examines the balance of political forces in the country on the eve, during and after the presidential elections in 2019/2020, as well as the elections to Sabor (parliament) in July 2020. He describes in detail the situation in the party that won the elections to Sabor, - the Croatian Democratic Union, - and the internal party struggle between representatives of the centrist and right-wing nationalist groups. Largely thanks to the current leader and prime minister of Croatia A. Plenković, it ended in 2020 with the victory of the centrists. At the same time, the presidential elections in December 2019 - January 2020 were won by the candidate of the left-center - Social Democrat Z. Milanović, who defeated the CDU representative K. Grabar-Kitarović, who held this post. The author believes that in Croatia, as a result of the presidential and parliamentary elections in 2019/2020, a situation has developed in which the president and the prime minister, representatives of the left and the right centers respectively, can, through joint efforts, pursuing their own political goals, update Croatia’s domestic and foreign policy, including in the Balkan / South-Eastern Europe region. The previous policy of Croatia, according to the author, was unsuccessful. The previous leadership of Croatia, using as a basis the ideology of nationalism and fearing that Croatia would be historically associated with Yugoslavia and the Balkans, pursued a policy of self-isolation in the very region in which Croatia could play an important role. The balance of power formed in Croatia in 2020 makes it possible to intensify Croatia’s policy in the region, on the basis of a possible normalization of relations with the Serbian community of the country as well as through the process of improving relations with Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Without this transformation, the final stabilization in the Balkans / South-Eastern Europe region is impossible.
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Galetić, Lovorka. "Reward strategy and practice as a tool to retain employees: Case of Croatia." Strategic Management 25, no. 3 (2020): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/straman2003003g.
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This paper explores the differences in reward strategy and practice between Croatia and EU countries. Reward is one of the key tools for attracting, retaining and motivating employees. Croatian and European companies have already started competing for the best human resources and the figures for 2016 reveal that Croatia is currently experiencing negative net migration rates (Croatian Bureau of Statistics, 2019). Since the trend is discouraging for Croatian companies, we find it necessary to examine the state of reward strategy and practice in Croatia. Our empirical research was conducted on a sample of 61 middle and large-sized Croatian companies. Research results revealed that there is a very large gap between the annual earnings of Croatian employees and average annual earnings in EU companies. However, the differences in incentive pay practices, benefits and non-monetary incentives between Croatia and other countries were not so great.
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Berber, Maja, Bozo Grbic, and Slavica Pavkov. "Changes in the share of ethnic Croats and Serbs in Croatia by town and municipality based on the results of censuses from 1991 and 2001." Stanovnistvo 46, no. 2 (2008): 23–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv0802023b.
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This article shows the changes in the populations of Croatian and Serbian ethnic affiliation in Croatia based on population censuses of 1991 and 2001. In the last intercensal period (1991-2001), methodological definitions of resident population changed significantly, Croatia's administrative-territorial borders changed and a war occurred (1991-1995), all of which influenced the demographical situation of Croatia. It is of special importance that the term 'ethnic affiliation' is significantly unstable and unpredictable and highly influenced by both subjective and external influences, which make its analysis even more difficult. By establishing a connection between the old (1991) and the new (2001) names of settlements, the authors demonstrated the changes in the share of ethnic Croats and Serbs in the total population of towns and municipalities in Croatia in the observed intercensal period. Both the demographic and the ethnic profile of Croatia changed in the period of 1991-2001. The total population of Croatia, as well as the population of ethnic Serbs, decreased in this period, while the population of ethnic Croats increased. Since Croatia had a negative natural increase in the observed period, this increase is attributed to migrations and changes in declarations of ethnic affiliation. While the share of ethnic Serbs decreased significantly (from 12,2% in 1991 to 4,5% in 2001), their territorial distribution remained practically the same. .
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Buntak, Krešimir, Gabrijela Budimir Šoško, Davor Grgurević, and Ivan Cvitković. "The Necessity of Developing Multimodal Transportation in Croatia as a Factor of Meeting the European Union Transportation Policy Recommendation and a Beneficial Factor for the Development of Croatian Economy." Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science 61, no. 1 (December 2021): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18048/2021.61.02.
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The paper emphasises the necessity of developing multimodal transportation solutions in Croatia. Croatian transport infrastructure is not at a satisfactory stage of development, and, due to Croatia’s geographical position, the development of multimodal transportation is a beneficial factor for the development of the country’s economy. European Union recommends multimodal solution as less polluting and more energy efficient. Further, it is shown that the modernisation of transportation system in Croatia, by developing a multimodal transportation system, represents a comparative advantage factor for Croatian economy. The methods used are a comprehensive literature research, methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison method, as well as methods of collecting secondary sources of research. The aim of the paper is to point out the importance of developing multimodal transportation as a significant factor for economy development as well as contribution to raising awareness of this problem.
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Mlinarić, Dubravka, Josip Faričić, and Lena Mirošević. "Historijsko-geografski kontekst nastanka Lučićeve karte Illyricum hodiernum." Geoadria 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.247.
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This paper deals with the first integral map of Croatian historical regions, which was made in the second half of the 17th century. The manuscript version of the map was drawn for the purposes of the Papal Illyrian (Croatian) Congregation of St. Jerome in Rome by Pietro Andrea Buffalini in 1663. The map was later printed, with appropriate changes, under the title Illyricum hodiernum in Ivan Lučić's historiographic work De Regno Dalmatiae et Croatiae, and in Willem Blaeu's Atlas Maior sive Geographia Blaviana in 1668. Judging from the contents of these versions of the map, and the political circumstances in which they emerged, the Croatian polyhistor and cartographer Ivan Lučić contributed the most to the formation of their contents. As an outstanding expert on the history and geography of Croatia, Lučić translated his own cartographic imaginarium into a cartographic synthesis in the form of an overview map that emerged based both on a compilation of the contents of older maps, and on his personal research. In this map his primary intent was to show, in the spirit of Illyrianism linked to the Catholic Reformation, the area which during that period constituted Illyria, or rather Croatia, and also to make use of the potential that maps, as codified depictions of geographic reality, have when it is necessary to present spatial relations in the context of a historical-geographic review of the development of Croatia.
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Mrđen, Snježana. "Rađanja izvan braka u Hrvatskoj." Geoadria 2, no. 1 (June 1, 1997): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.244.
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This article offers the analysis of the evolution of extramarital births in Croatia and some European countries from 1950 to 1994. In order to explain the change and the level of extramarital births in Croatia, the author puts in correlation nuptiality, fertility and woman's marriageable age. The change of extramarital births per communes and counties in Croatia is also analysed, the existing differences between Croatian and non-Croatian population being emphasized.
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Krkač, Kristijan. "Wittgenstein in Croatia." Disputatio philosophica 19, no. 1 (January 11, 2018): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32701/dp.19.1.8.
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In the paper the author supplies an overview of the secondary research of Wittgenstein’s philosophy in Croatia in period 1941–2016. It was commonly assumed that the reception of his philosophy in Croatia started in 1960 when TLP was translated, and accompanied with substantive afterword by G. Petrović. However, the author found an earlier mention and description of Wittgenstein’s philosophy from TLP, which appeared in 1941 in the entry “Bečki krug (Wiener Kreis)” in “Croatian Encyclopedia” and was written by Croatian philosopher Stjepan Pataki. The entry is cited and analyzed. In addition, the author provides the list of translations of Wittgenstein’s work to Croatian, and the list of a majority of secondary literature on Wittgenstein by Croatian philosophers in the same period.
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Pokos, Nenad, and Ivo Turk. "Problematika statističkog praćenja iseljavanja u inozemstvo." PILAR – Časopis za društvene i humanističke studije 17, no. 32 (December 31, 2022): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5559/pi.17.32.01.
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It could be said that Croatia is “traditionally” an emigration country. Emigration processes in Croatia have been going on continually for over 150 years. With a more or less intensive emigration, since its independence,Croatia has also been experiencing a natural depopulation. Such a situation has resulted in the deep demographic crisis that the country is currently in. In recent times, since joining the European Union, we’ve been witnesses to the newest emigration wave from Croatia, as Croatian citizens have gained access to the job market of almost all EU countries. It is known that there are issues related to how correct the number of emigrated persons is, as shown by the official Croatian statistics. In this paper, we compare the official Croatian statistics data to the statistics of selected countries that Croatian citizens have most emigrated to. The goal of this paper is to find and analyze the discrepancy between the official Croatian statistics about the number of emigrated persons and the official data about immigrated persons in the countries where Croatian citizens emigrated to the most.
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Nazor, Ante. "Franjo Tuđman in the Sources of the Rebel Serbs at the beginning of the 1990s." Review of Croatian history 17, no. 1 (2021): 73–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22586/review.v17i1.16548.
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This work presents some legal acts passed and initiatives launched by the Croatian government the aim of which was to protect the rights of the national minorities in Croatia and reach an agreement with the representatives of the Serbs in Croatia so as to avoid armed conflict. The facts presented in this work are important in the context of any given analysis about the issue of whether the Serbs were marginalized with the change of government in Croatia in 1990 and whether their armed rebellion was caused by actions made by the Croatian government and President Tuđman or came as a result of careful planning by proponents of the idea of Greater Serbia. We used a number of documents from the archival material of the Republic of Serbian Krajina to show what had been said and written about President Tuđman in the first half of the 1990s by political and military representatives of those Croatian Serbs that rebelled against the Croatian government and participated in the armed aggression against the Republic of Croatia. We describe how the Serb leadership in the temporarily occupied areas of Croatia accused the Croatian government and Franjo Tuđman of conducting criminal and “national-Fascist” policies against the Serbs and present the facts that completely debunk the accusations. These facts include official documents issued and decisions reached by the Croatian government about protecting the national minorities in Croatia during the mandate of President Tuđman. The work ends with the conclusion that the mentioned accusations were launched for the purpose of creating a greater Serbian state by homogenizing the Serbs.
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Costantini, Emanuela. "Destra e sinistra in Croazia: una dicotomia possibile?" MEMORIA E RICERCA, no. 41 (February 2013): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mer2012-041006.
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The designations of left and right assumed different meanings in Croatia during the Twentieth century. Before the Second World War the national problem was a focal point in Croatian politics. It cut across the political system since it was the focus of action of very different parties. Issues traditionally identifying right and left, such as social action or ideology, emerged very slowly only in the Twenties. In the Communist period right and left were not present in Croatia as alternative political parties, but the use of the two categories was very important for Communist regime. Its self-representation as the left implied rejecting everything that was considered right. In a way, right and left were nevertheless present within the Communist Party, as a reformist wing conflicted with the old group in power. The breaking up of Yugoslavia was accompanied by the creation of a multiparty system in Croatia. At that time, a competition between left and right seemed possible. Given the regional conflicts Croatia was involved in, the national issue became central again. While the left tried to show its difference from the past by adopting Western patterns, the right brought back old values and almost exclusively focused on the national issue. The war deeply influenced Croatia's transition to a multiparty system, turning it into a de facto blocked political structure. Things were to change only after the death of the cumbersome Croatian President Tudjman in 1999.
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Zanić, Mate, Tea Tomljanović, and Daniel Matulić. "A Review of Aquaculture Research in Croatia Published in the Croatian Journal of Fisheries Since 1938." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 75, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjf-2017-0011.
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Abstract 51 articles published in the Croatian Journal of Fisheries from 1938 until 2016, covering aquaculture research in Croatia, have been included in this study. Published articles have been classified into seven groups based on their main topics. Topics include: aquaculture statistics in Croatia; disease and health care; farming technology; management, economics and environmental protection; fish nutrition and product quality; improving aquaculture; and species biology and ecology. The study concisely informs about aquaculture research in Croatia since 1938. Due to large contribution to the research, development and quality management of Croatian aquaculture, further promotion and development of Croatian Journal of Fisheries is required.
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Šicel, Mladen. "Development of commodity exchange in Croatia." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 3, no. 1-2 (May 30, 2009): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2009/1-2/11.
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Purpose of this thesis work is to show relevance and necessarity for existing of commodity exchange and it’s influence to the economy of Croatia. Because eastern part of Croatia, region called Slavonia is mostly agricultural oriented, it is of essential relevance to establish and make operate of first commodity exchange in Croatia. Widely in the past, while Croatia was part of Austrian – Hungarian kingdom, first commodity exchange in Europe that was established in 1853. in Budapest, practically was domestic commodity exchange for Croatian business subjects, and they were able to use benefits it brought. Me personally, and a lot of other business people and business society in Croatia belive that time to reasteblish commodity exchange has come. In this thesis, I will give a deeper look in to commodity exchange, describe acctual situation in Croatia, show posibillities that commodity exchange brings, how it works and what has to be done to implement commodity exchange and benefits it will bring to Croatian economy.
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Mavricek, Morana. "EU Tax Issues Arising from Croatias Accession to the EU: Dividend Taxation." EC Tax Review 22, Issue 3 (June 1, 2013): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ecta2013017.
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The following document will examine the position of Croatian tax system in relation to the EU tax system. The issues that the document will concentrate on are dividend taxation issues. First, the gradual development of the European Union landmark judgments will be examined, from the first, Verkooijen case, to the current situation in the The Test Claimants in the FII Group Litigation v. The Commissioners for HM Revenue and Customs (FII GLO) case. Second, dividend taxation in other Member States in Croatia's region (Eastern Europe) will be looked at together to see what hurdles they had to overcome when entering the EU while examining how comparable Croatia is to them. Third, the text will assume a critical approach of the new system of dividend taxation adopted in Croatia in March 2012 and its subsequent implementation. At the end of the paper, it will be discussed whether the changes made by Croatia are sufficient to make it compliant with EU law on dividend taxation.
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Hrstić, Ivan. "Heterogenost dijaspore — ključan čimbenik pri osmišljavanju i provedbi politike prema Hrvatima izvan Republike Hrvatske." PILAR – Časopis za društvene i humanističke studije 17, no. 32 (December 31, 2022): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5559/pi.17.32.08.
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The goal of this paper is to discuss the heterogeneity of Croatian Diaspora based on a number of factors which could be used to potentially formulate and implement the politics directed toward Croats outside the Republic of Croatia. The paper is based on an analysis of 28 interviews and 11 focus groups, which altogether included 87 members of Croatian diaspora communities and repatriates and immigrants in Croatia. They provided us with a deeper insight into the current state of Croatian communities in the US, Canada, Argentina, Chile, Venezuela, Paraguay, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Australia. From these perspectives, we have analyzed the main provisions of the Act on the Relations of the Republic of Croatia with the Croats Abroad, which is the main legislative act in terms of providing a framework for the diaspora politics of Croatia.
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Ilgün, Erkan, and Adnan Murad. "CROATIA’S ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE FUTURE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA." ЗБОРНИК РАДОВА ЕКОНОМСКОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА У ИСТОЧНОМ САРАЈЕВУ 1, no. 8 (August 1, 2014): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/zrefis1408167i.
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Whenever a country joins European Union, there are some effects, which not only change the game for entering country but also for third non member countries. The foremost objective of this paper is to examine the possible effects of Croatian joining the European Union on the foreign trade between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The core assumption is that Croatian accession to the EU has negative effects on the trade between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina because Croatia is not giving preferential treatment to BH market. To maintain its export market share in the Croatian market, Bosnia and Herzegovina has to show high level of competitiveness.
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Šarić, Marko. "Croatia's Energy Position in the European Union with Special Reference to the Croatian-Hungarian Relation." Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management 10, no. 04 (May 30, 2023): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjebm.2023.v10i04.004.
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This review paper will present the strategic position of the Republic of Croatia within the European political- energy context. The modern model of economic progress is based on constant increase in energy usage at acceptable prices. Intensive energy usage is a prerequisite for the development of the Croatian economy. Croatia has accepted the European Energy Charter as part of its international obligations in the process of approaching the EU. Croatia and its energy companies will have to adapt their energy policies to European energy trends, especially in the southern part of the continent. The paper presents SWOT analyses of the Croatian energy sector, as well as the development of the Croatian energy infrastructure. Additionally, the Croatian-Hungarian energy problems and strategic conflicts are also highlighted.
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Jerić, Marijana. "Suvremeno iseljavanje Hrvata: kakva je budućnost Republike Hrvatske?" Oeconomica Jadertina 9, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/oec.2906.
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The Republic of Croatia has seen several large emigration waves throughout history. The last wave of emigration began with the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union in 2013 and continues today. Developed European Union countries such as Germany, Austria and Ireland have become a major destination for Croatian expatriates in search of a better life. The aim of this research is to determine the actual status of the number of Croat emigrants from the Republic of Croatia, to compare the data with the official statistics of the Republic of Croatia and to conclude on the possible consequences of emigration. The results of the research show that the emigration of Croatian citizens cannot be monitored according to the official data of the Central Bureau of Statistics because they are not harmonized with the statistics of the emigration countries, i.e. the number of reported Croatian immigrants is on average 62% higher than the official data of the Republic of Croatia. Forecasts of future migration of Croatian citizens indicate that 20% of the population will lose over the next 30 years, which is why it is already necessary to develop new economic, pension, education and other policies that affect demographic change.
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Mance, Davor, Borna Debelić, and Siniša Vilke. "Croatian Regional Export Value-Added Chains." Economies 11, no. 8 (July 27, 2023): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies11080202.
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This paper examines Croatian Regional Value Chains (RVCs). We use the value chain approach to study supply chains, examining data specifically for Croatia and its proximate trading partners in the European Union, as well as some other European countries. The value added in Croatian exports is statistically related to the value added in the exports of Croatian trading partners. We argue that Croatian RVCs are organized around regional production centers, with proximity to production capacity, raw materials, and customers as driving factors, and thus most of the value added originates in these RVCs. This paper emphasizes the advantages of representing trade through value added over traditional gross trade statistics and highlights the robustness of RVCs in Croatia to global shocks and transportation reliability issues. We conclude that despite its small absolute size, the Croatian economy is dynamically well-integrated into the EU RVCs, which is crucial for increasing business efficiency and competitiveness, notwithstanding the constraints of relatively low returns to scale. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of RVCs in Croatia and their potential benefits for Croatia in the global production organization.
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Riman, Barbara, and Natko Štiglić. "The Socioeconomic Position of National Minorities with a Special Emphasis on Slovenes in Croatia over the Past Thirty Years." Treatises and Documents, Journal of Ethnic Studies / Razprave in Gradivo, Revija za narodnostna vprašanja 91, no. 91 (December 1, 2023): 25–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tdjes-2023-0013.
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Abstract The article presents the situation of members of the Slovene community in Croatia, focusing on selected aspects of their socioeconomic participation (inclusion) in Croatian society. This topic has not been thoroughly studied yet, firstly due to the low interest of researchers in the position and activities of members of the Slovene community in Croatia, and secondly due to a continuous lack of data on the socioeconomic participation of members of not only the Slovene community but of all minorities in Croatia in general. Based on the analysis of data mainly collected from Croatian official reports, the situation of members of the Slovene minority in Croatia is presented mainly in relation to the exercise of their rights to education and employment.
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Mihaljević, Josip. "Jakša Kušan’s Forgotten Struggle for Freedom and Democracy in Croatia." Hungarian Historical Review 13, no. 1 (2024): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.38145/2024.1.107.
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Croatian journalist and writer Jakša Kušan (1931–2019) was one of the most prominent Croatian émigré dissidents. By editing and publishing the non-partisan magazine Nova Hrvatska (New Croatia), he tried to inform the global public about the suppression of human rights and civil liberties in socialist Yugoslavia, even under constant threat of being attacked by the Yugoslav secret police. After the fall of communism, he returned to Croatia and continued his work in the media and the civil sector for a brief time. In this article, I offer an overview of the most relevant of Kušan’s oppositional activities during the period of communist rule in Croatia and Yugoslavia and consider the roles and impact of his activities. I also venture some explanation as to why his life and work have mostly been forgotten in today’s Croatia. One possible answer to this question could be his complex relationships with the Croatian dissidents who won the first multiparty elections in Croatia in 1990. My discussion is based on the findings of the COURAGE project (Cultural Opposition – Understanding the Cultural Heritage of Dissent in the Former Socialist Countries), oral history sources, and archival documents of the Yugoslav secret police.
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Zubovic, M. "Republic of Croatia’s Membership in NATO." Post-Soviet Issues 6, no. 4 (January 24, 2020): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2019-6-4-390-397.
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The article discusses the Euro-Atlantic vector of Croatian foreign policy, primarily the historical path of the state into NATO and the advantages of membership in this alliance. The Republic of Croatia in its history experienced a rather difficult period associated with the Croatian War for Independence, which began in 1991 after the state announced its withdrawal from the SFRY. Since then, one of the main goals of Croatian foreign policy has been joining the Euro-Atlantic structures, which was fulfiled in 2009, when Croatia became a full member of NATO. Based on the experience of the War for Independence, for the Republic of Croatia this membership is an important factor in ensuring the country’s security, and it can also help improve interstate relations in the Balkans and strengthen stability in the region. The work will also outline the operations and missions in which Croatia participates within the NATO framework and contributes to the successful implementation of Euro-Atlantic foreign policy.
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Prvonožec, Stela. "Utjecaj plaća na tržište rada u Republici Hrvatskoj." Oeconomica Jadertina 10, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/oec.3169.
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Labour market, value of wages and standard of living are inextricably linked determinants of economic development. Croatian GDP, living standards and purchasing power of the population are among the lowest in Europe. Wage growth in Croatia is present, but, as in most Central and Eastern European countries, it is not accompanied by an increase in labour productivity. The majority of the income of the Croatian population is spent on food, which is associated with low productivity of the economy. There is a significant dependence on social transfers in the structure of the household income, which, for a significant share of the population, represent the difference between poverty and relatively normal life. Croatia has failed to create economic models that enable economic growth through technological progress and strengthening of labour productivity. In order to improve the standard of living in the Republic of Croatia, it is necessary to solve the structural problems present in the labour market and create economic policies that encourage economic growth. This paper analyses the relationship between the value of wages, labour market and standard of living in the Republic of Croatia. The hypothesis is that structural problems in the Croatian labour market affect the value of wages, and consequently the standard of living of Croatian citizens. The aim of this paper is to analyse the structural problems on the labour market in Croatia and their impact on the value of wages. The purpose of this paper is to point out the importance of an efficient labour market in the national economy of the Republic of Croatia.
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Budimir, Verica. "BALANCED SCORECARD METHOD IN PERFORMANCE AUDIT OF BUDGETARY USERS." International Journal Vallis Aurea 6, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2507/ijva.6.2.3.72.
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The paper aims to explore how the Balanced Scorecard method can improve budgetary users' performance audit in Croatia. Literature review on performance measurement in the Croatian public sector gives an overview of the development level in strategic planning, control, and monitoring performance. The paper gives some suggestions for improving Croatia's budget system based on the identified disadvantages and weaknesses in measuring and monitoring performance.
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Pauković, Davor, and Višeslav Raos. "Democratic Continuity or Regression?" Southeastern Europe 47, no. 2-3 (December 28, 2023): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18763332-47020002.
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Abstract This article deals with the level of democracy in Croatia after EU accession. The first part presents key events, processes, and actors which have shaped the trajectory of democratic development. The second part discusses the Croatian case in the context of current research on democratic backsliding. The third part tests the idea about democratic backsliding in Croatia by running regression models with democracy indices derived from the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) dataset. The findings challenge the idea of democratic backsliding in Croatia. The models do not show a clear association of decreased democracy scores after EU accession but point to a stronger role of the pre-accession period in increasing levels of democracy in Croatia. The models also highlight the explanatory role of executive and public sector corruption regarding democracy levels in Croatia. Instead of speaking of democratic backsliding, the Croatian case can be better described as one experiencing democratic stagnation.