Academic literature on the topic 'Criticism and interpretationdeleuze, gilles , 1925-1995'

This thesis stages a meeting between the work of French philosopher Gilles Deleuze and the short fiction of Italian writer Italo Calvino. This meeting has as its subject the question of the human and the non-human. What forces make up the human? What assemblages of elements make up language, literature, subjectivity? And what does it mean that these forces come from outside the human at the same time as they create the human? Calvino is often accused of being an unemotional writer, lacking in human warmth. With this I agree completely. Calvino does lack human warmth because he allows non-human forces to penetrate his writing, taking it beyond conventionalized and banal prefabricated emotion into a dimension of new intensities. Deleuze will provide us with a vocabulary of concepts with which to discuss these non-human forces and their potential for moving the human out of itself and into a new assemblage of thoughts, passions and actions.

Cette thèse se propose de contribuer à la critique littéraire de Deleuze, en examinant parallèlement les ouvrages philosophiques de Deleuze, en vue de démontrer l’autonomie de sa critique littéraire entre la philosophie et la littérature. Cela permet de démontrer la double ambition de sa critique littéraire : la lecture des œuvres littéraires comme exploration philosophique, la réflexion métaphysique incorporée dans l’étude du texte. Pour montrer en même temps l’évolution de sa critique littéraire et les dialogues que Deleuze a engagés avec des critiques littéraires et des philosophes, cette thèse adopte le point de vue de Deleuze dans ses critiques, c’est-à-dire de trouver un projet de sa critique littéraire. L’analyse de ce projet est orientée par la conceptualisation deleuzienne qui ne cesse de se renouveler, allant de la question de la genèse jusqu’à celle de finalité et d’autonomie. Dans l’argumentation de chaque partie, cette thèse adopte des méthodes comparatives : une comparaison à l’intérieur des ouvrages de Deleuze pour démontrer le déplacement de son horizon critique, une comparaison avec d’autres critiques littéraires pour valoriser les particularités de ses approches critiques, et un dialogue synchronique avec d’autres philosophes pour contextualiser ses conceptualisations. La critique littéraire de Deleuze, étudiée dans sa généalogie thématique, constitue un milieu où le rapport entre la littérature et la philosophie ne reste plus au niveau conceptuel ou interprétatif, mais dans une exploration réciproque, toujours problématisée par la critique littéraire de Deleuze
This dissertation proposes to contribute to the study of literary criticism of Deleuze, by examining at the same time Deleuze’s philosophical works, in order to demonstrate the autonomy of his literary criticism between philosophy and literature. This shows the double ambition of his literary criticism: the reading of literary works as philosophical exploration, and the metaphysical reflection incorporated in the study of the text. To show at the same time the evolution of his literary criticism and the dialogues that Deleuze engaged with literary critics and philosophers, this dissertation adopts the point of view of Deleuze in his criticisms, that is to say, to find a project of his literary criticism. The analysis of this project is guided by the Deleuzian conceptualization that has continued to be renewed, ranging from the question of genesis to that of finality and autonomy. In the argumentation of each part, this dissertation adopts comparative methods: a comparison within Deleuze’s works to demonstrate the shift of his critical horizon, a comparison with other literary critics to value his critical approaches, and a synchronic dialogue with other philosophers to contextualize its conceptualizations. Deleuze’s literary criticism, studied in his thematic genealogy, gives a place in which the relationship between literature and philosophy remains no longer at the conceptual or interpretative level, but in a reciprocal exploration, always problematised by his literary criticism

This thesis constitutes an investigation into contemporary writing--both fictional and philosophical. More specifically, it is a comparative analysis of the work of British novelist Angela Carter, and French philosophers Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, in the light of the concept of synthetic authenticity. It is divided into three chapters, "Becomings", "Events", and "Machines", and each chapter presents the work of both Carter and Deleuze and Guattari, respectively, in light of one of these topics. Chapter Two, however, focuses closely on Angela Carter's first novel, Shadow Dance, as it relates to the concept 'event'. And Chapter Three focuses on Carter's novel The Infernal Desire Machines of Doctor Hoffman, as it relates to and differs from the schizoanalytic notion of desiring machines.

Nossa pesquisa objetiva apurar interseções, ressonâncias e diferenças entre aspectos do pensamento de Wilhelm Reich e dos fundadores da esquizoanálise, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Seguimos, assim, a inclinação de estudiosos brasileiros da obra de Reich à interlocução com outros autores e ao enlace entre formulações reichianas e esquizoanalíticas presente em outros artigos, dissertações e teses. Nosso interesse específico recai sobre a questão do pensamento crítico dos autores escolhidos tema que pode trazer contribuições para a investigação acadêmica, visto que vislumbramos um terreno a ser habitado e, até onde temos conhecimento, ainda inexplorado. Em termos metodológicos, realizamos um levantamento de publicações que mencionam proposições de Reich, Deleuze e Guattari. Além de constatar que ultrapassam as fronteiras nacionais, verificamos que se trata de diálogo instaurado há mais de trinta anos e retomado depois de 1994. O material totaliza 24 textos, nos quais observamos dois grupos com características distintas. No primeiro deles, verifica-se uma breve referência a Reich e à esquizoanálise, sem uma acurada comunicação entre suas idéias; e, no outro conjunto, ao contrário, busca-se o debate conceitual. Localizamos nossa dissertação junto ao segundo grupo em razão de constituir-se como um trabalho teórico, que se concentra na discussão de idéias de Reich, Deleuze e Guattari e de pesquisadores de seus enfoques. Em conclusão, no que diz respeito à visão crítica, observamos o explícito combate cultural de Reich e destacamos igualmente a proposta da esquizoanálise em favor do inconformismo e da produção de transformação social. Todavia, se notamos essa peculiar convergência, o estudo de Deleuze acerca da diferença vem influenciar nossa dissertação no sentido de deixar de lado a exaltação das semelhanças, uma vez que o reconhecimento das distinções estabelece a possibilidade de vibração intensiva. Pretendemos, então, assinalar divergências inegáveis entre a abordagem reichiana e a de Deleuze e Guattari, e a militar por múltiplas interferências. Assim, ao longo da depuração dos tópicos deste trabalho, procuramos dar lugar à formação inusitada de heterocomposições entre formulações de Reich e de Deleuze e Guattari. Mostramos como tal exercício de comunicação estabelece um rico campo de correspondências e afetações e, percebendo o potencial dessa interlocução, sugerimos temas para novos estudos.
This research aims at examining intersections, resonances and differences among certain aspects of the thought of Wilhelm Reich and that of the founders of schizoanalysis, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. We have thus followed a trend in Brazilian researchs of establishing a dialogue between Reichs work and that of other authors, as well as between Reichian and schizoanalytic formulations present in other articles, dissertations and theses. Our focus dwells specifically upon the critical reasoning of the chosen authors a theme that may bring in contributions to academic investigations, since a whole field can be explored in that subject, and, as far as we can tell, it has not been explored yet. In methodological terms, we have listed up publications that mention the propositions of Reich, Deleuze and Guattari. Besides noticing that they go beyond national boundaries, we have also seen that this dialogue started more than 30 years ago, and was taken up after 1994. This material sums up to 24 texts, in which we can note two groups with distinct characteristics. In the first one, a short reference to Reich and to schizoanalysis is made, without a focused communication between them; in the second group of texts, on the contrary, a conceptual debate is sought for. We place this dissertation among the second group, since it constitutes a theoretical work, focusing on the discussion of ideas brought up by Reich, Deleuze and Guattari and also by researchers of their work. Summing up, insofar as a critical approach is concerned, we have observed the explicit cultural battle of Reich, equally highlighting the proposal of schizoanalysis in favor of dissent and the production of social transformation. However, if, on the one hand, we see this peculiar convergence, on the other hand, the study of Deleuze on difference comes as an influence in our dissertation in the sense of putting aside the craving for similarities, since recognizing distinctions establishes the possibility of intensive vibration. We aim, then, at pointing out undeniable divergences between the Reichian approach and that of Deleuze and Guattari, and to set forth multiple interferences. Thus, throughout the depuration of the topics in our work, we intend to give a place for the unusual formation of heterocompositions among the formulations of Reich and of Deleuze and Guattari. We show how such an exercise of communication establishes a rich field of correspondences and affectations, and, realizing the potential of this dialogue, we suggest themes for upcoming further studies.

Thesis (PhD)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation examines the idea of apocalypse through the lens of science fiction (sf) written during the current fin de siècle period. I have dated this epoch, known as the information era, as starting in 1980 with the advent of personal computing and ending in approximately 2020 when the functional limits of silicon-based digital manufacturing and production are expected to be reached. By surveying the field of contemporary sf, I identify certain trends and subgenres that relate to particular aspects of apocalyptic thought, namely, conceptions of the ‘terror of history,’ the sublimity of accelerated techno-scientific advance, the ‘affective turn’ in media-culture and posthuman philosophy. My principal method of inquiry into how the apocalypse is imagined or ‘figured’ in sf is the concept of hyperstition – a neologism (combining the words ‘hyper’ and ‘superstition’) coined by the Cybernetic Culture Research Unit (CCRU). Hyperstition describes an aesthetic response whereby cultural fictions – principally, ideas relating to apocalypse – are imagined as transmuting into material realities. I begin by scrutinizing two posthumanist works of theory-fiction (theory written in the mode of sf) by the CCRU and 0rphan Drift which anticipate immanent human extinction and imagine the inception of a new evolutionary cycle of machine-augmented evolution This sensibility is premised on the sociallydestabilising cycles of exponential growth that characterise information-era technological developments, particularly in the digital industries, as well as the accelerated human impact on the natural environment. Central to my argument is the romantic materialist philosophy of Deleuze and Guattari and their concepts of accelerationism, schizoanalysis and Bodies without Organs (BwO’s). Their ontology is constructed around the idea that exponential rates of development necessitate a new aesthetic paradigm that ventures beyond philosophies of human access. The narrative of apocalypse, approached from this perspective, can be interpreted in catastrophic or anastrophic terms; either as a permanent ending or as the beginning of something radically new. Using hyperstition, I also investigate the sf of Russell Hoban, Michael Swanwick, Brian Stableford, Charles Stross, Dan Simmons, M. John Harrison and Paul McAuley to see not only how these authors interpret the concept of cultural acceleration, but also to identify common threads. Countering the catastrophic ‘death of affect’ postulated by theorists such as Jean Baudrillard and Paul Virilio with the anastrophic rejoinder of cyberdelic information-era countercultures, I conclude by investigating the new ‘affective turn’ in contemporary media theory. The works of theoretical fiction and sf that I investigate are informed, as I demonstrate, by the Situationist techniques of psychogeography, dérive and detournement, as well as by the literary tropes of 18th and 19th century fin de siècle Gothic and dark Romantic fiction.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif ondersoek die idee van apokalips deur die oogpunt van wetenskap fiksie (wf) soos geskryf gedurende die huidige ‘fin de siècle’ tydperk. Ek dateer hierdie epog, bekend as die inligtings-era, as die tydperk wat in 1980 begin met die koms van persoonlike rekenaars en nagenoeg eindig in 2020, wanneer die funksionele limiete van silikon gebaseerde digitale vervaardiging en produksie na verwagting bereik sal word. Deur die veld van kontemporêre wf in oënskou te neem, identifiseer ek sekere neigings en sub-genres wat vergelyk met sekere kenmerke van apokaliptiese denke, naamlik: begrippe soos die ‘verskrikking van geskiedenis’, die verhewendheid van versnelde tegno-wetenskaplike vooruitgang, die ‘emosionele omkeer’ in media-kultuur en post-humanistiese filosofie. My primêre metode van ondersoek van hoe die apokalips voorgestel of ‘beskryf’ kan word in wf, is die begrip van hiper-bygelowigheid - ‘n neologisme (samevoeging van die woorde ‘hiper’ en ‘bygeloof’) soos geskep deur die Kubernetiese Kultuur Navorsings-Eenheid (KKNE) en Nick Land, medestigter van die KKNE. Hiper-bygelowigheid beskryf die proses waarvolgens kulturele versinsels - hoofsaaklik opvattings met betrekking tot apokalips – in materiële realiteite omgeskakel kan word. Ek ondersoek ek twee post-humanistiese werke van teorie-fiksie (teorie geskryf volgens die wf metode) deur KKNE en 0rphan Drift, wat inherente menslike uitwissing verwag en die ontstaan van ‘n nuwe evolusionêre siklus van masjien-toename voorstel. Hierdie proses is gebaseer op die sosiaal-destabiliserende siklus van eksponensiële groei wat kenmerkend is van die inligtings-era se tegnologiese ontwikkelinge, veral in die digitale industrie, sowel as versnelde menslike impak op die natuurlike omgewing. Die kern van my beredenering is die goties-materialisties-teoriese standpunt soos deur Land ingeneem, sowel as die romanties-materialistiese filosofie van Deleuze en Guattari. Hierdie gevalle van neo-materialistiese (of objek-georiënteerde) filosofië word toegelig deur ‘n apokalipties-teoretiese basis bekend as akseleerasionisme. Hierdie uitgangspunt is ontwikkel rondom die idee dat die eksponensiële tempo van ontwikkeling ‘n klimaks sal bereik in ‘n evolusionêre ‘wipplank punt’ en dat ‘n nuwe estetiese paradigma nodig is wat dit bokant die filosofie van menslike vermoë kan waag sodat daar oor hierdie waarskynlikheid geteoretiseer kan word. Die beskrywing van apokalips, soos vanuit hierdie oogpunt beskou, kan vertolk word in beide katastrofiese of anastrofiese terme of as ‘n permanente einde of as die begin van iets wat radikaal nuut sal wees. Deur gebruik te maak van die hiperbygelowigheidsteorie, wat ‘n onderafdeling is van akseleerasionisme, ondersoek ek WF van Russell Hoban, Michael Swanwick, Brian Stableford, Charles Stross, Dan Simmons, M. John Harrison and Paul McAuley ten einde vas te stel hoe hierdie skrywers die konsep van kulturele akseleerasie interpreteer, maar ook om gemeenskaplike leidrade te identifiseer. Met teenargumentering ten opsigte van die katastrofiese ‘dood van affek’ gepostuleer deur teoretici soos Jean Baudrillard en Paul Virillio met die anastrofiese samevoeging van kuberdeliese inligtings-era-kontra-kulture, ondersoek ek die nuwe ‘gemoedsomkeer’ in kontemporêre mediateorie. Die werke van teoretiese fiksie, sowel as baie van die ander gevalle van wf wat ek ondersoek en soos deur my gedemonstreer, word toegelig deur Situasienistiese tegnieke van psigo-geografie, dérive en detournement, sowel as deur die literêre menigtes van die 19de eeu ‘fin de siècle’ donker Romantiese en Gotiese fiksie.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The focus of this study will be on the unique way in which language is used in Marlene van Niekerk‟s collection of short stories, Die sneeuslaper (2010). When reading Die sneeuslaper it is impossible not noticing the number of Dutch words, as well as words and phrases from other foreign languages, as Bargoens, Rotwelsch, German, French, Italian, Hebrew, Greek and Maltese. Some of the characters‟ speech, as well as so called sound poems (or nonsense verses) are characterised by a number of newly invented words. However, the meaning of some of these words or phrases remains unclear. Other themes in the four short stories which will be analysed are the so called political responsibility of the artist, as well as music, rhythm and bird-noises. As a theoretical basis of this study, Deleuze and Guattari‟s Kafka Toward a Minor Literature will be used. In Kafka Toward a Minor Literature Deleuze en Guattari formulate their ideas regarding minor literature. They describe a major language as a language of dominance and power, while a minor language is a language without any power. According to them the three characteristics of minor literature are: the minor deterritorializes the major, minor literature is always political, and minor literature always has a collective function. Deleuze and Guattari‟s, as well as Bogue‟s writing regarding the territorialization and deterritorialization of the refrain, is also explored briefly. Deleuze en Guattari‟s theories regarding minor literature is used in this study to read Die sneeuslaper. In the end it is concluded that the unconventional use of language in this short story collection can be associated with the political nature of some of the stories. The unique usage of language in Die sneeuslaper, the way in which Afrikaans is transformed into a language that stammers, stutters and mumbles, can be seen as a subtle form of political protest. Therefore this collection of short stories can be seen as a form of minor literature.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op die vreemde wyse waarop taal in Marlene van Niekerk se kortverhaalbundel, Die sneeuslaper (2010), aangewend word. Met die lees van Die sneeuslaper is die hoeveelheid Nederlandse woorde, asook enkele woorde en frases uit ander vreemde tale, soos Bargoens, Rotwelsch, Duits, Frans, Italiaans, Hebreeus, Grieks en Maltees, opvallend. Verder is daar in die karakters se spraak, sowel as in klankgedigte (of onsinverse), vele nuutskeppings waarvan die betekenis nie altyd so duidelik blyk nie, teenwoordig. Ander temas wat in die vier verhale figureer en ondersoek sal word is kunstenaarskap, die sogenaamde politieke verantwoordelikheid van die kunstenaar, asook musiek, ritme en voëlgeluide. As teoretiese vertrekpunt vir die studie word Deleuze en Guattari se Kafka Toward a Minor Literature, waarin hul idees oor mineurlettekunde geformuleer word, gebruik. Deleuze en Guattari onderskei tussen ‟n dominante majeurtaal en ‟n mineurtaal wat sonder mag is. Volgens Deleuze en Guattari is daar drie kenmerke van mineurletterkunde, naamlik dat die mineur die majeur deterritorialiseer, dat mineurletterkunde altyd polities is, en laastens dat mineurletterkunde altyd kollektief van aard is. Bykomend word daar ook kortliks gekyk na Deleuze en Guattari, sowel as Bogue, se skrywe oor territorialisering en deterritorialisering in die refrein. Deleuze en Guattari se teorie oor mineurletterkunde word in hierdie studie as ‟n agtergrond gebruik om Die sneeuslaper te lees. Daar word uiteindelik tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die onkonvensionele taalgebruik in die kortverhaalbundel wel geassosieer kan word met deterritorialisering en dat dit aansluit by die politieke aard van sommige van die verhale. Die wyse waarop Afrikaans in Die sneeuslaper getransformeer word na ‟n taal wat stamel, stotter en struikel, kan dus as subtiele, politieke protes gesien word en daarom kan dié kortverhaalbundel inderdaad as ‟n vorm van mineurletterkunde beskou word.

Orientador: Marcio Seligmann-Silva
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Este trabalho consiste na investigação de procedimentos de escrita em dois poetas brasileiros contemporâneos, Ana Cristina Cesar e Marcos Siscar, tendo como ponto de partida conceitual a filosofia da imanência de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Ao invés de um ¿estudo de caso¿, o objetivo é a reflexão acerca da leitura de poesia contemporânea a partir, principalmente, do conceito de sentido enquanto acontecimento, tal como é formulado desde as obras de Deleuze Logique du sens e Différence et répétition. Nesta direção, as poesias de Ana C. e Siscar são tomadas como ressonâncias brasileiras atuais para se pensar o funcionamento de poéticas que sugeririam, ou possibilitariam, uma leitura imanente do plano de composição do poema
Abstract: The present thesis is an investigation of writing¿s procedures in two contemporaries brazilian poets, Ana Cristina Cesar and Marcos Siscar, having as conceptual starting the Gilles Deleuze¿s and Félix Guattari¿s philosophy of imanence. Instead of a ¿study of case¿, the objective is the reflexion concerning the contemporary poetry reading, starting from the concept of the sense as event, as it is formuled by Deleuze since his works Logique du sens and Différence et répétition. In this direction, Ana Cristina¿s and Siscar¿s poetries are taken as current brazilian resonances to think the functioning of poetical that would suggest, or would make possible, an imanent reading of the poem¿s plan of composition
Doutorado
Teoria e Critica Literaria
Doutor em Teoria e História Literária

Dans l’Amérique et les Caraïbes des XIXe et XXe siècles, l’œuvre du poète national est au cœur d’un trafic d’images qui nourrit un lien social fragile dans un temps où les collectivités reposent moins sur un lien direct entre leurs membres que sur un lien imaginé. Prenant ses distances vis-à-vis des représentations en circulation à son époque, comme les représentations exotiques de la nature, le poète offre une vision démocratique ambitieuse pour l’avenir de la communauté à travers des images nouvelles du territoire, du peuple, de l’esclavage et de l’histoire. L’ethos auctorial encourage l’appropriation de ce discours par le lecteur en désignant le poète comme figure de référence. Mais c’est surtout à travers son procédé d’écriture qui met à mal les normes littéraires de son temps que celui-ci est à même d’influer sur la société. Plutôt qu’ils ne parviennent à saisir l’esprit de leur peuple, Whitman, Martí et Césaire participent par leur travail sur le fragment, les formes populaires ou le tremblement du sens à la création d’un devenir collectif
In 19th and 20th centuries America and West Indies, the national poet’s works lay at the centre of a traffic of images. This traffic feeds the fragile social ties of young collectivities, at a time when communities are bound by imagination rather than by direct contact between their members. Distancing themselves from the representations of the community circulating at that time, like the exotic images of the New World’s nature, the poet offers an ambitious democratic vision for the future which is channeled through images of the territory, the people, slavery and history. The poet’s ethos encourages the reader to appropriate this discourse by presenting the author as a role model. However, it is mainly thanks to his style, at odds with the literary norms of his time, that the poet is able to act upon society. Whitman, Martí and Césaire do not so much contrive to capture their people’s spirit, as they participate through their work on the fragment, on popular poetical forms or on the destabilizing of meaning, in the creation of a common devenir

This was a practice-led study, in which I critically engaged with my own video artwork alongside the video works of three other artists. Selected works of Penny Siopis, Anders Weberg, Maja Zack and mine deal with the notions of memory and trauma. I investigated which visual strategies and techniques derived from film theory are employed in video art to simulate traumatic memories from war conflicts. This research analysed specific theories of Gilles Deleuze and Sergei Eisenstein to identify how certain film strategies are used in video art to simulate grievous historical events. I explored the way that these events shape postmemory, as theorised by Marianne Hirsch and Cathy Caruth. The theories of Susan Sontag and Jean Baudrillard describe how memory relies on imaginative investment and interpretation, creating a simulation of the past, in which affect takes precedence over accurate and factual portrayal of traumatic events.
Art and Music
M.V.A.