Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Critical parameters'
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1
Ibbotson, Scott Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Analysing the critical design parameters for reuse." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/27354.
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Reuse of components as opposed to material recovery, recycling or disposal has been identified as one of the most efficient EOL strategies for products. The concept behind reuse is that some components and subassemblies have a design life that exceeds the life of the product itself. In order for reuse to be successfully implemented as an EOL strategy, a designer needs to incorporate into a product a philosophy of Design for Reuse (DfRe) at the early design stage. Reliable methods to assess the remaining life of used components based on a products usage life are also required. Furthermore, current industry practices and literature advocate that there is no methodology to decide which parameters need to be redesigned so as to change the life of a selected component to a desired level. The objective of this research is to develop a methodology to assess the reuse potential of product groups based on component failure mechanisms and their associated critical lifetime prediction design parameters. Utilising these clustered groups mathematical models were then developed to establish the useful life of the components for each clustered group. Finally, a means of equating useful life to design life was established and the relationship between, the failure mechanisms, critical lifetime prediction design parameters and design life were represented in graphical format. In order to achieve the proposed objective, Cluster analysis, in particular Group Technology (GT) and Hierarchical clustering were employed to group components with similar failure mechanisms. Following this, multiple linear regression was used to establish mathematical models based on condition monitoring data for each of the clustered groups and their related critical lifetime prediction design parameters. A sensitivity analysis was conducted using the mathematical models, in order to produce graphical relations between the useful life and design parameters of a product. The validity of the suggested methodology was tested on electric motors and a gearbox as both these components have demonstrated great reuse potential. The results demonstrate that the methodology can assist designers in estimating the design life and associated design parameters with great accuracy, and subsequently aiding in a stratagem for reuse.
2
Cowey, Lisa. "Characterisation techniques and critical parameters for anisotropic superconductors." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314865.
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Kriesi, Ruedi. "Critical operation parameters of solar multi-stage evaporators with self regulation /." Lausanne, 1985. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=461.
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Tan, Yu-Eng. "Critical parameters affecting the use of Chengal for structural glue-lamination." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387814.
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Somervell, Jacob Paul. "Developing Heuristic Evaluation Methods for Large Screen Information Exhibits Based on Critical Parameters." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11206.
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Evaluation is the key to effective interface design. It becomes even more important when the interfaces are for cutting edge technology, in application areas that are new and with little prior design knowledge. Knowing how to evaluate new interfaces can decrease development effort and increase the returns on resources spent on formative evaluation. The problem is that there are few, if any, readily available evaluation tools for these new interfaces.
This work focuses on the creation and testing of a new set of heuristics that are tailored to the large screen information exhibit (LSIE) system class. This new set is created through a structured process that relies upon critical parameters associated with the notification systems design space. By inspecting example systems, performing claims analysis, categorizing claims, extracting design knowledge, and finally synthesizing heuristics; we have created a usable set of heuristics that is better equipped for supporting formative evaluation.
Contributions of this work include: a structured heuristic creation process based on critical parameters, a new set of heuristics tailored to the LSIE system class, reusable design knowledge in the form of claims and high level design issues, and a new usability evaluation method comparison test. These contributions result from the creation of the heuristics and two studies that illustrate the usability and utility of the new heuristics.Ph. D.
6
Isted, Edwin David. "An investigation into some critical computer networking parameters : Internet addressing and routing." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004874.
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This thesis describes the evaluation of several proposals suggested as replacements for the currenT Internet's TCPJIP protocol suite. The emphasis of this thesis is on how the proposals solve the current routing and addressing problems associated with the Internet. The addressing problem is found to be related to address space depletion, and the routing problem related to excessive routing costs. The evaluation is performed based on criteria selected for their applicability as future Internet design criteria. AIl the protocols are evaluated using the above-mentioned criteria. It is concluded that the most suitable addressing mechanism is an expandable multi-level format, with a logical separation of location and host identification information. Similarly, the most suitable network representation technique is found to be an unrestricted hierarchical structure which uses a suitable abstraction mechanism. It is further found that these two solutions could adequately solve the existing addressing and routing problems and allow substantial growth of the Internet.
7
Makino, Yukio. "Chemical Interpretation of Superconductivity by Valence Electron Parameters." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188509.
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Birkner, Matthias. "Particle systems with locally dependent branching long-time behaviour, genealogy and critical parameters /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969077432.
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Chan, Yee-shan, and 陳綺珊. "A critical review over Hong Kong indoor air quality policy on biological parameters." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255796.
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Srivastava, Siddharth. "Assessment of critical parameters that affect the seismic performance of bridge steel pedestals." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3142.
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Benhadia, Abrehem M. A. "Evaluation of the critical parameters and polymeric coat performance in compressed multiparticulate systems." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17459.
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Compression of coated pellets is a practical alternative to capsule filling. The
current practice is to add cushioning agents to minimize the stress on the
coated pellets. Cushioning agents however add bulkiness and reduce the
overall drug loading capacity. In this study, we investigated the performance
of compressed coated pellets with no cushioning agent to evaluate the
feasibility of predicting the coat behaviour using thermo-mechanical and
rheological analysis techniques. Different coating formulations were made of
ethyl cellulose (EC) as a coating polymer and two different kinds of additives
were incorporated into the polymeric coating solution. Triethyl Citrate (TEC)
and Polyethylene glycol 400(PEG400) were used as plasticizers at different
levels to the coating formulations (10%, 20%, 30%). Thermal, mechanical
and rheological measurements of the coating film formulations were
achieved to investigate the effect of plasticizers. Thermal gravimetric
analysis results (TGA) showed higher residual moisture content in films
plasticised with PEG 400 compared to their TEC counterparts. Differential
Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and
Parallel Plate Shear Rheometer (PPSR) were used to study the influence of
the level and type of plasticisers incorporated in coating film formulation on
the performance of the coating film. In this study, both DSC and DMA were used to investigate the Tg for each film coating formulation in order to
evaluate the effect of the additives. In general DMA results for the Tg value
of the films were always higher by 10-20% than those measured by the DSC.
Furthermore, clamp size and the frequency of the oscillation have an
influence on the evaluation of Tg. Complex viscosity for different coating film
formulations revealed that the shear hinning gradient changes with
temperature and plasticiser type and concentration. The value of complex
viscosity from DMA and PPSR exhibits power law behaviour. The rheological
moduli were indirectly affected by the level of plasticiser. There was a
discrepancy between the complex viscosity results obtained from both DMA
and PPSR at similar temperature but they follow the same trend. The non
plasticized polymer showed a 10 time higher complex viscosity values when
measured by DMA over that measured by PPSR. The difference was smaller
in plasticized films but it was not consistent. Therefore a consistent
coefficient to correlate the DMA and PPSR couldn’t be accurately determined
Coated pellets were compressed and key process parameters were
evaluated. The obtained results revealed that the coating thickness has a
significant effect on the release profile of the final products. It was found that
by increasing the coating film thickness, the percentage released decreased.
Also the compression force has lower influence on the drug release profile,
while the dwell time has very low effect on the percentage release from the
final products. Optimum release profile was obtained at a coating level of 5.5%
w/w and a compression force of 4700N
In conclusion, the elasticity of the plasticised EC films in this study meant
that the internal stress is not dissipated during compression and the dwell time range that was used in this experiment. Increasing the thickness
therefore was necessary to enhance the strength of the film and avoid
cracking. The mechanical and rheological profiling was helpful therefore to
understand the behaviour of the coated pellets and predict the film properties
at various steps of the process of coating and compression (i.e., various
shear rate regimes). Experimental design approach to studying the key
process and formulation parameters helped identify the optimum values for
the process.
12
Breger, Joyce Catherine. "Defining critical parameters for producing and modulating inflammation caused by cell encapsulating alginate microspheres." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7596.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Chemical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Rubio, Manuel Sánchez, Rafael G. Armengod, Luis de-Marcos, and José-Javier Martinez. "Contributions to Data Postprocessing in Sending Samples Parameters at Critical Moments on Unmanned Aerial." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595674.
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ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NevadaIn this paper we investigate the different stages that allow us to create a model that would provide a better understanding of what happens on certain parameters that measure physical quantities related to the behavior of both, burst and reaction, unmanned aircraft as well as unmanned helicopters based on a data transmission to land via radio modem.
14
Das, A. G. Man Mohan. "Effect of wearout processes on the critical timing parameters and reliability of CMOS bistable circuits." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4701/.
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The objective of the research presented in this thesis was to investigate the effects of wearout processes on the performance and reliability of CMOS bistable circuits. The main wearout process affecting reliability of submicron MOS devices was identified as hot-carrier stress (and the resulting degradation in circuit performance). The effect of hot-carrier degradation on the resolving time leading to metastability of the bistable circuits also have been investigated. Hot-carrier degradation was identified as a major reliability concern for CMOS bistable circuits designed using submicron technologies. The major hot-carrier effects are the impact ionisation of hot- carriers in the channel of a MOS device and the resulting substrate current and gate current generation. The substrate current has been used as the monitor for the hot-carrier stress and have developed a substrate current model based on existing models that have been extended to incorporate additional effects for submicron devices. The optimisation of the substrate current model led to the development of degradation and life-time models. These are presented in the thesis. A number of bistable circuits designed using 0.7 micron CMOS technology design rules were selected for the substrate current model analysis. The circuits were simulated using a set of optimised SPICE model parameters and the stress factors on each device was evaluated using the substrate current model implemented as a post processor to the SPICE simulation. Model parameters for each device in the bistable were degraded according to the stress experienced and simulated again to determine the degradation in characteristic timing parameters for a predetermined stress period. A comparative study of the effect of degradation on characteristic timing parameters for a number of latch circuits was carried out. The life-times of the bistables were determined using the life-time model. The bistable circuits were found to enter a metastable state under critical timing conditions. The effect of hot-carrier stress induced degradation on the metastable state operation of the bistables were analysed. Based on the analysis of the hot-carrier degradation effects on the latch circuits, techniques are suggested to reduce hot-carrier stress and to improve circuit life-time. Modifications for improving hot- carrier reliability were incorporated into all the bistable circuits which were re-simulated to determine the improvement in life-time and reliability of the circuits under hot-carrier stress. The improved circuits were degraded based on the new stress factors and the degradation effects on the critical timing parameters evaluated and these were compared with those before the modifications. The improvements in the life-time and the reliability of the selected bistable circuits were quantified. It has been demonstrated that the hot-carrier reliability for all the selected bistable circuits can be improved by design techniques to reduce the stress on identified critically stressed devices.
15
Montabert, Cyril. "Supporting Requirements Reuse in a User-centric Design Framework through Task Modeling and Critical Parameters." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33152.
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Many software systems fail as a direct consequence of errors in requirements analysis. Establishing formal metrics early in the design process, using attributes like critical parameters, enables designers to properly assess software success. While critical parameters alone do not have the potential to drive design, establishing requirements tied to critical parameters helps designers capture design objectives. For the design of interactive systems, the use of scenario-based approaches offers natural user centricity and facilitates knowledge reuse through the generation of claims. Unfortunately, the requirements-analysis phase of scenario-based design does not offer sufficient built-in and explicit techniques needed for capturing the critical-parameter requirements of a system. Because success depends heavily on user involvement and proper requirements, there is a crucial need for a requirements-analysis technique that bridges the gap between scenarios and critical parameters.Better establishing requirements will benefit design. By adapting task-modeling techniques to support critical parameters within the requirements-analysis phase of scenario-based design, we are able to provide designers with a systematic technique for capturing requirements in a reusable form that enables and encourages knowledge transfer early in the development process. The research work presented concentrates on the domain of notification systems, as previous research efforts led to the identification of three critical parameters.
Contributions of this work include establishment of a structured process for capturing critical-parameter requirements within a user-centric design framework and introduction of knowledge reuse at the requirements phase. On one hand, adapting task models to capture requirements bridges the gap between scenarios and critical parameters, which benefits design from user involvement and accurate requirements. On the other hand, using task models as a reusable component leverages requirements reuse which benefits design by increasing quality while reducing development costs and time-to-market.
Master of Science
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Akena, Dickinson Lony. "Critical Analysis of the impact of local content requirements on the rights of woman in Uganda's extractive industry." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76708.
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This research report analyses Uganda’s legal requirements on local content, particularly its impact on the rights of women to participate and obtain benefit from extractive industry activities. Regard is had to the fact that much of Africa’s non-renewable natural resources have not been applied to the benefit of its peoples. Resultantly, governments have developed legislation and other requirements to among others, attract foreign direct investment without unnecessarily disadvantaging the nationals.
The discussion considers the situation in other common law countries – specifically Tanzania and South Africa – as well as the implications of obligations imposed on member countries by international treaties, agreements and frameworks. The research is anchored on the need to improve on the livelihood of women in extractive industries and thereby examines the implications of the law on their rights. The study then delves into a critical review of the effectiveness of the local content legal framework in Uganda and also draws lessons from Tanzania and South Africa for purposes of comparison. The study narrows the discussion to the problem of law and policy making which end up excluding and disadvantaging women. Recommendations made are intended to contribute to the body of knowledge in the extractives sector generally and on the local content stipulations and their impact on the rights of women specifically.
Recommendations include; embracing gender inclusiveness and taking into account women’s views in policy and law making, balancing political rhetoric and agenda with the need to secure women’s participation, as well as setting specific quotas to be complied with by extractives companies are paramount. Further, encouragement of women to participate in extractive industry activities, development of more cohesive and gender inclusive policies as well as adoption of a strategy approach in extractive industry policy making. Also, eradication of archaic practices which exclude women from participating in and taking direct benefits in extractives activities. Much as the local content requirements in Uganda are designed to engender equality and equity, more still needs to be done to enhance women’s rights in the extractive industry.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Public Law
LLM
Unrestricted
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Lohne, Paal Ovrebø. "Study of Critical Imaging Parameters and Variables for Environmental Monitoring Using an ROV with Experimental Results." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22776.
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In the oil and gas industry there is a high focus on integrating technology in the environmental monitoring happening before, during and after an offshore operation. In order to properly monitor the underwater environment, good images are needed. This can be achieved when proper equipment is used together with an underwater platform. There is a need for a good strategy on how to do underwater imaging in different environments. The strategy is used by the personnel involved in the operation, and to ensure that the right equipment and platform is selected for the job. A strategy on underwater imaging is presented and can be applied to analyse environmental monitoring operations from a top-down approach. The lack of natural light in underwater operations and the effect this has on the visibility is also of great importance. This is presented and investigated through an imaging experiment. Analyses of control methods have been conducted for ROV Minerva. This is a ROV that has been tested and developed through the AUR-Lab at the Department of Marine Technology at NTNU. In unknown areas and with poor visibility, it is important to maintain a good control of the ROV. The focus has been on how a joystick can be used with manual control and in a closed-loop control to make it easy for the pilot to navigate the vehicle. A joystick simulation system was developed for testing the joystick, and full scale experiments were conducted using ROV Minerva. The tests show promising results for using a joystick in closed-loop control. The different methods can become an important tool when navigating mobile platforms during underwater operations in known and unknown areas. The conclusion cannot account for all situations, as it also highly depends on the experience of the pilot. Therefore the joystick control should be tailored for each operation.
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Santoni, de Sio Francesca Romana. "Critical parameters and molecular analysis of lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer into human haematopoietic stem cells." Thesis, Open University, 2006. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54821/.
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Waddoups, Samuel Dean. "Evaluation of critical parameters of low level laser irradiation on human osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2012. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_cdm_stuetd/60.
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Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement is a biological response to a mechanical force. One of the challenges in orthodontics is obtaining desired tooth movement during treatment. Accelerating tooth movement and decreasing demands on anchorage can reduce treatment times and overall satisfaction for patient and doctor. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is emerging as a technology that may decrease orthodontic treatment time. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have reported the effects of low level lasers at random time points and energy densities. None of the studies have optimized the dose required for osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to find the optimum stimulatory dose of low level laser irradiation (LLLI) on human osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation and to analyze our findings with reference to the Arndt-Shultz Law of applied energy. In this in vitro study a GaAlAs laser at 830nm, 20 mW with continuous exposure at various doses were used on a human osteoblast cell line. According to the Arndt-Shulz Law weak stimuli initiate vital activity, moderate stimuli enhance the cellular activity with subsequent peak stimulation and greater stimuli (beyond a threshold value) may not have any influence or inhibit the vital activity. The implications of LLLI on human osteoblasts and influencing tooth movement in orthodontics were discussed. Human osteoblasts were cultured in minimum essential medium (MEM) complete medium consisting 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotics. Cells grown in complete medium were plated onto 96 well plate, allowed to adhere for 4-5 hours and were exposed to GaAlAs lasers at 6 , 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 45, 60, 75, and 90 seconds. The cells treated with xiii LLLI were assessed for cell proliferation at 24, 48 and 72 hour intervals. A calorimetric cell proliferation assay (WST-1) assay was performed according to manufacture's instructions. The results indicated that at 24 hours the 6 and 12 seconds doses significantly inhibited proliferation compared to the control. At 48 hours the 30 seconds exposure significantly increased proliferation. At 72 hours time interval, cell proliferation was observed in a dose dependent pattern with a minimum at 6 seconds with peak proliferation at 18 seconds. A gradual decrease in cell viability was observed in the cells treated beyond this dose with a maximum inhibition seen at 60 seconds. At 75 and 90 seconds no difference was observed between the control and experimental group. To establish efficient acquisition of adequate quantities of alkaline phosphatase, cells were grown in 12 well plates in complete medium or osteogenic medium. These cells were exposed to LLLI for 18, 48, and 60 seconds. The activity of early osteogenic differentiation marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was investigated 10 days post exposure. Our results demonstrated that alkaline phosphatase activity at 2.4 - 7.3 J/cm2 with 48 - 60 seconds of exposure, and an incident power ranging from 85-269mw significantly increased. The findings suggest that these irradiated cells obeyed the Arndt Shulz Law governing cellular response to applied energy. Further this research indicates the possible role of LLLT to accelerate tooth movement in orthodontics. Complete disclosure of low level laser parameters is essential in order to accurately compare findings of researchers.
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Nguyen, Gia Huynh Truong. "Evaluating soil erodibility parameters with mini-JET under various soil moisture conditions." Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34526.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Biological & Agricultural Engineering
Aleksey Y. Sheshukov
Soil erosion is one of the main reasons for agricultural land degradation in the world. Losses of land because of high soil erosion rates and rapidly expanding population result in significant reduction of cultivated land area per capita, and shortage of food on the global scale. Soil erosion can be a major source of sediment in the aquatic systems leading to reduction of organism population and poor water quality. Many factors affect soil erodibility, such as, soil properties, rainfall, topographic features, land use, and management practices, among others. The impacts of soil moisture content, however, are not well understood and. therefore, the primary goal of this study was to quantify two soil erodibility parameters, the erodibility coefficient and critical shear stress, under different soil moisture conditions using the jet erosion test (JET). The JET test uses the apparatus (called mini-JET) that creates an impinging jet of water into the soil and records the resulting scour depth over time. The scour depth time series are then fitted into a non-linear soil erosion equation, yielding the sought values of erodibility parameters. For this study, more than 40 soil samples were collected from several sites in Kansas, processed, and prepared to conduct JET tests in the lab setting. The effects of tillage and soil moisture content were of interest to this study. The results showed varied effects of soil type and sample soil moisture condition on the scour depth development and parameters sensitivity. The critical shear stress decreased and the erodibility coefficient increased with the increase of initial moisture content for clay loam soil, while critical shear stress did not change for sandy loam soil. The study also revealed higher erosive properties of soil collected from the tilled field compared to the no-till field.
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Kumar, Hemant. "Software analytical tool for assessing cardiac blood flow parameters /." View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030724.122149/index.html.
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Watson, John Lawrence, and not supplied. "An investigation into the identification of objective parameters correlating with the subjective functional performance of critical listening rooms." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080218.092220.
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The link to subjective parameters and objective parameters in the field of room acoustics has been the source of much research. This thesis surveys some of the available objective room acoustical analysis methods, quantify their advantages and disadvantages with respect to the measurement of acoustical qualities of professionally operated critical listing rooms, and implements these methods in a range of critical listening rooms. In conjunction with the objective room analysis, a subjective component of research was also performed. A series of anechoically recorded standard instrument sounds were presented to professional listeners in their critical listening spaces with the listeners asked to alter the sounds to taste: to
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Hardikar, Rahul Padmakar. "Investigation of order parameters and critical coupling for the Peierls Extended Hubbard Model at one-quarter filling." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2004. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11112004-120413.
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Chewar, Christa M. "User-Centered Critical Parameters for Design Specification, Evaluation, and Reuse: Modeling Goals and Effects of Notification Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28325.
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Responding to the need within the human-computer interaction field to address ubiquitous and multitasking systems more scientifically, this research extends the usefulness of a new research framework for a particular class of systems. Notification systems are interfaces used in a divided-attention, multitasking situation, attempting to deliver current, valued information through a variety of platforms and modes in an efficient and effective manner. Through review of literature and experiences with empirical dual-task perceptual studies, we recognize a lack of unifying framework for understanding, classifying, analyzing, developing, evaluating, and discussing notification systems--fundamentally inhibiting scientific growth and knowledge reuse that should help designers advance the state-of-the-art.
To this end, we developed a framework (referred to as the IRC framework) for notification systems research based on a core taxonomy of critical parameters describing user goals. Next, we extend the framework, focusing on three key aspects: 1) a system description process, allowing articulation of abstract design objectives that focus on critical user requirements; 2) interface usability evaluation tools, enabling comparison of the design and user's models, while supporting generalizability of research and early identification of usability concerns; and 3) design comparison and reuse mechanisms, saving time and effort in requirements analysis and early design stages by enabling design reuse and appreciation of design progress.
Results from this research include the development of tools to express IRC design models (IRCspec) and user's models (IRCresults), and the extension of the critical parameters concept. Validation studies with novice designers show sufficient assessment accuracy and consistency. Leveraging these tools that help designers express abstract, yet critical, design intentions and effects as classification and retrieval indices, we develop a repository for reusable design knowledge (a claims library). Responding to challenges of design knowledge access that we observed through initial user testing, we introduce a vision for an integrated design environment (LINK-UP) to operationalize the IRC framework and notification systems claims library in a computer-aided design support system. Proof-of-concept testing results encourage the thought that when valuable design tools embody critical parameters and are coupled with readily accessible reusable design knowledge, interface development will improve as a scientific endeavor.Ph. D.
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Baykara, Ali. "Effect Of Hydraulic Parameters On The Formation Of Vortices At Intake Structures." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615341/index.pdf.
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The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the hydraulic conditions at which air-entraining
vortices would form in front of horizontal intakes and to determine the ways of eliminating the
formation of these vortices by testing anti-vortex devices. For these reasons, a series of experiments
were conducted in an experimental setup composed of a reservoir having the dimensions of 3.10 m x
3.10 m x 2.20 m and a pump connected to the intake pipe. Within the reservoir, between the concrete
side walls adjustable plexiglass side walls were placed to provide the desired wall clearance for the
intake pipes. Six pipes of different diameters5 cm, 10 cm, 14.4 cm, 19.4 cm, 25 cm and 30 cm were horizontally mounted on the front side of the reservoir one by one, and for each case, a wide range of discharges was provided from the reservoir by the pump. Under symmetrical approach flow conditions and zero bottom wall clearance, the experiments were repeated for each intake pipe and the &ldquo
critical submergence depths&rdquo
for the tested discharges were determined. At some of the discharges, the effect of horizontal plates located on the top of the pipe entrance as anti-vortex devices on the elimination of the vortices was investigated. The measured critical submergence depths were related in dimensionless form to the relevant dimensionless parameters and empirical equations were derived. These equations were compared with similar ones available in the literature and it was shown that the agreement between them was quite good.
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Kargarmoakhar, Ramtin. "Large-Scale Testing to Study the Effects of Critical Parameters on the Aerodynamic Behavior of Long Span Bridges." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1857.
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Long-span bridges are flexible and therefore are sensitive to wind induced effects. One way to improve the stability of long span bridges against flutter is to use cross-sections that involve twin side-by-side decks. However, this can amplify responses due to vortex induced oscillations.
Wind tunnel testing is a well-established practice to evaluate the stability of bridges against wind loads. In order to study the response of the prototype in laboratory, dynamic similarity requirements should be satisfied. One of the parameters that is normally violated in wind tunnel testing is Reynolds number. In this dissertation, the effects of Reynolds number on the aerodynamics of a double deck bridge were evaluated by measuring fluctuating forces on a motionless sectional model of a bridge at different wind speeds representing different Reynolds regimes. Also, the efficacy of vortex mitigation devices was evaluated at different Reynolds number regimes.
One other parameter that is frequently ignored in wind tunnel studies is the correct simulation of turbulence characteristics. Due to the difficulties in simulating flow with large turbulence length scale on a sectional model, wind tunnel tests are often performed in smooth flow as a conservative approach. The validity of simplifying assumptions in calculation of buffeting loads, as the direct impact of turbulence, needs to be verified for twin deck bridges. The effects of turbulence characteristics were investigated by testing sectional models of a twin deck bridge under two different turbulent flow conditions.
Not only the flow properties play an important role on the aerodynamic response of the bridge, but also the geometry of the cross section shape is expected to have significant effects. In this dissertation, the effects of deck details, such as width of the gap between the twin decks, and traffic barriers on the aerodynamic characteristics of a twin deck bridge were investigated, particularly on the vortex shedding forces with the aim of clarifying how these shape details can alter the wind induced responses.
Finally, a summary of the issues that are involved in designing a dynamic test rig for high Reynolds number tests is given, using the studied cross section as an example.
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Schmidtke, Robert [Verfasser]. "Dry granulation via roller compaction : investigation on scale up strategies integrating process parameters and critical material attributes / Robert Schmidtke." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/116146221X/34.
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Marrero, Santiago Javier. "Expérimental study of lean aeronautical ignition : impact of critical parameters on the mechanisms acting along the different ignition phases." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMIR03/document.
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La certification des moteurs aéronautiques impose des fortes réductions des émissions polluantes. Une des solutions adoptées par les constructeurs est d'introduire la combustion pauvre dans les nouvelles chambres. Cette configuration pose des problèmes de stabilité de flamme et de ré-allumage en altitude. Le ré-allumage des moteurs doit être garanti et il y a une nécessité réelle de mieux comprendre les interactions complexes et multi-physiques guidant ce processus. Cette étude expérimentale vise les différentes phases de l'allumage aéronautique dans deux chambres swirlées, confinées diphasiques. Un foyer mono-injecteur permet d'analyser le développement du noyau de flamme dans ses premiers instants et de décrire comment les interactions avec l'écoulement local peuvent conduire à une réussite d'allumage ou à une ratée, via différents mécanismes. Une chambre multi-injecteur est dédiée à analyser la propagation de la flamme entre injecteurs pour différents espacements et carburantsJet engine certification undergoes more and more stringent controls that impose a strong reduction of pollutant emissions. As a response, designs move towards lean combustion, which raises difficulties relative to combustion stability and re-ignition capabilities in high altitude. The use of liquid fuels in real chambers introduces new variables into the ignition process, which involves complex simultaneous multi-physical interactions. The present experimental investigation addresses different phases of aeronautical ignition in two different confined, swirled, spray jet chambers. A single-injector facility is used to study the initial flame kernel development and interaction with the flow leading to successful ignition or misfire, following different mechanisms. A multi-injector facility enables the investigation of flame propagation between injectors, which is also governed by the local flow. Here, inter-injector distances are varied and fuels of different volatilities are tested
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Gyllenhammar, Carl Fredrik. "A critical review of currently available pore pressure methods and their input parameters : glaciations and compaction of north sea sediments." Thesis, Durham University, 2003. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4090/.
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Historically pore pressure evaluation in exploration areas was based on empirical relationships between drilling parameters, wireline logs and the mud weight. Examples include Eaton's Ratio and the Hottman & Johnson Methods, which were based on data from the Gulf of Mexico. These methods are not readily transported to other areas, such as the North Sea Basin, where the sediments are different in character and where burial and temperature histories are distinctly different. Data from several offshore North Sea wells, with high quality wireline and associated data have been analysed to determine the most appropriate method to estimate pore pressure in mudrocks. The data have led to an understanding of the key parameters for successful pore pressure estimation. The most effective method is shown to be the Equivalent Depth Method, but only where disequilibrium compaction is the source of the overpressure in the mudrocks. Core samples from 576 British Geological Survey sites in the offshore area of the British Islands were compared with > 10,000 porosities collected from the deep oceans (DSDP/ODP sites), which show that the porosities in the shallow section in the North Sea are anomalously low. The shallow section of the North Sea includes large volumes of Pleistocene-Recent sediments deposited as glacial and inter-glacial deposits. Frequency analysis (Cyclolog) of the wireline data covering this interval in several North Sea wells revealed a pattern in the relative featureless original data. Comparison with the global signature for oxygen isotopes for the same time period suggests that there have been ten cycles of ice sheet build up (Glacial period) followed by melting (Interglacial period) during the last one million years. Glacial deposits from 10 individual glacial cycles have therefore been identified in several exploration wells in the North Sea. Implications of loading/unloading of ice for the migration and trapping of hydrocarbons in the North Sea Basin are assessed.
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Салій, О. О., К. Ф. Мацюця, and Г. Г. Куришко. "Визначення критичних параметрів технологічного процесу при розробці розчину для ін'єкцій на основі гіалуронату натрію." Thesis, НФаУ, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13372.
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Розробка виробничого процесу — одна з головних складових частин фармацевтичної розробки якісних, ефективних та безпечних лікарських засобів. Але біотехнологічні засоби мають свою специфіку, що на сьогодні вже представлено в підходах до фармацевтичної розробки, джерел постачання та походження активних речовин, доведення ефективності дії, порядку реєстрації та подальшим розміщенням на ринку. Важливо розглянути критичні параметри складу, а також існуючі режими виробничого процесу, щоб пояснити вибір виробничого процесу і підтвердити придатність компонентів. Критичні параметри визначали для розробленої технології: в реактор завантажують воду для ін’єкцій кімнатної температури, вносять натрію хлорид, натрію дигідрофосфат дигідрату і динатрію гідрофосфат додекагідрат, ніалуронат натрію перемішують до повного розчинення. Завантажують стабілізатор 1,4-бутандіол- БДДЕ при перемішуванні та нагріві розчину до температури 40-60°С. Розчин витримують при перемішуванні та підтриманні температури протягом 2-4 годин для утворення стабілізованого натрію гіалуронату. Проводять дегазацію отриманого розчину, фільтрують, та розливають у скляні шприці та укупорюють. Проводять стерилізацію розчину в первинній упаковці, маркують та пакують у вторинну упаковку.Production process development is one of the main components of pharmaceutical development of quality, effective and safe medicines. But biotechnological tools have their specific features, which are already presented in the approaches to pharmaceutical development, sources of supply and origin of the active substances, proving the effectiveness of the action, the order of registration and further placing on the market. It is important to consider the critical composition parameters as well as the existing modes of the production process to explain the choice of production process and to confirm the suitability of the components. Critical parameters were determined for the technology developed: water was injected into the reactor at room temperature, sodium chloride, sodium dihydrophosphate dihydrate and disodium hydrophosphate dodecahydrate were introduced, sodium nyaluronate was stirred until dissolved. Loaded stabilizer 1,4-butanediol-BDE with stirring and heating the solution to a temperature of 40-60 ° C. The solution was kept under stirring and maintained for 2-4 hours to form stabilized sodium hyaluronate. The resulting solution is degassed, filtered, and poured into glass syringes and sealed. The solution is sterilized in the primary packaging, labeled and packaged in the secondary packaging.
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Forrest, Eric Christopher. "Nanoscale modification of key surface parameters to augment pool boiling heat transfer and critical heat flux in water and dielectric fluids." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/52799.
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Thesis (S.M. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2009.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-130).
Surface effects on pool boiling heat transfer and the critical heat flux are well documented but poorly understood. This study investigates the pool boiling characteristics of various fluids, and demonstrates that surface effects can drastically alter the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient as well as the critical heat flux. Changes in surface morphology and surface chemistry are suspected to be the primary factors influencing pool boiling heat transfer. The relative impact of surface properties is shown to depend strongly upon the working fluid. To evaluate the effects of chemical constituency and surface texture on the pool boiling of water, nanoparticle thin-film coatings are applied to nickel and stainless steel substrates using the layer-by-layer assembly method. This study shows that such coatings, with thicknesses on the order of one micron or less, are capable of enhancing the critical heat flux of water up to 100%, and enhancing the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient over 100%. Through the use of thin-film coatings, the importance of nanoscale surface texture, porosity, and chemical constituency on boiling mechanisms is revealed. Low surface tension dielectric fluids, including a recently developed fluorinated ketone with a low global warming potential, are tested to determine their pool boiling heat transfer capabilities. The potential for nanoparticle-based pool boiling enhancement in well-wetting dielectric fluids is investigated. The role of surface wettability and adhesion tension on the incipience of boiling, nucleate boiling, and critical heat flux are considered.
(cont.) Results indicate that the low global warming potential fluorinated ketone may be a viable alternative in the cooling of electronic devices. Additionally, results demonstrate that enhancement of boiling heat transfer is possible for well-wetting dielectric fluids, with 40% enhancement in the critical heat flux using dilute suspensions of aluminum or silica nanoparticles in the fluorinated ketone.
by Eric Christopher Forrest.
S.M.and S.B.
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Palma, André Manuel Moreira. "Predictive methods for the association parameters of multifunctional molecules with the CPA EoS." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22848.
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Doutoramento em Engenharia QuímicaO projeto e otimização de processos envolvendo moléculas associativas multifuncionais é de elevada importância para as indústrias química, petroquímica, farmacêutica, alimentar, energética e de cosméticos. A equação de estado (EoS) Cubic –Plus-Association (CPA) tem demonstrado ser um modelo termodinâmico adequado para a descrição de diversas moléculas associativas. Este modelo é utilizado frequentemente na indústria de gás e petróleo para a descrição, entre outros, de sistemas de água com hidrocarbonetos e de formação e inibição de hidratos de gás. Os seus parâmetros são geralmente obtidos através de um ajuste à pressão de saturação e de densidade do liquido de um composto puro. Contudo, a falta/impossibilidade de medição deste tipo de dados (visto alguns destes compostos não existirem como líquidos puros) dificulta a sua utilização. Desta forma, o uso da CPA em simuladores de processos é limitado, visto não termos acesso a parâmetros para um largo grupo de compostos. Além disto, os engenheiros de processo não têm disponibilidade para parametrizar cada composto não disponível na literatura. Como tal, são necessários métodos preditivos para estes parâmetros para um uso eficaz da CPA em simuladores de processo. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é generalizar o uso da CPA para moléculas multifuncionais. A contribuição do termo associativo foi generalizada para aceitar qualquer número de grupos associativos em cada molécula, com número e carácter (eletrófilo, nucleófilo ou hibrido) dos sítios definidos pelo utilizador. Foram desenvolvidas ferramentas para gerar automaticamente parâmetros da CPA, contudo, em vez de um ajuste geral de todos os parâmetros a dados de pressões de vapor e densidades do líquido, os parâmetros do termo associativo são passiveis de ser transferidos entre grupos similares e/ou de serem calculados por métodos de contribuição de grupo. Após isto, os restantes parâmetros (do termo cubico) podem ser obtidos através do ajuste a correlações de propriedades dos compostos puros. A utilização de outras propriedades que não pressões de vapor e densidades da fase líquida é analisada, especialmente no caso das capacidades calorificas. Uma função alfa, diferente da de Soave, foi aplicada nesta versão da CPA, sendo feita uma análise sobre as implicações desta mudança. A nova versão da CPA incorporando as alterações propostas nesta tese é extensivamente comparada com versões do modelo previamento reportadas na literatura.
Design and optimization of processes dealing with streams containing multifunctional associating molecules is of great importance to the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food and energy industries. The Cubic-Plus-Association (CPA) equation of state (EoS) has been shown to be a general and accurate thermodynamic model to deal with a variety of associating molecules. It is widely used in the oil and gas industry to simulate, among others, systems with water and hydrocarbons, and hydrate formation and inhibition. Currently, CPA parameters are obtained by simultaneously fitting pure component vapour pressure and liquid density data. But the lack of such data, or the impossibility to measure them (as some of these compounds do not exist as pure liquids) hampers its use. As a result, its application in process simulators is limited, as there are no pure component parameters for every component we might be interested in. Also, process engineers who want to use the model do not want to have the trouble of fitting a set of CPA parameters for each new component. Thus, predictive methods to generate CPA parameters are needed. The main goal of this work is to generalize the use of the CPA EoS to any associating molecule. The association contribution of the model is generalized to consider any number of associating groups in each molecule with user-defined number of sites and corresponding nature (electrophile, nucleophile or hybrid). Tools are developed to automatically generate CPA parameters, but instead of simultaneously fitting all parameters from pure component vapour pressure and liquid density data, the associating parameters are transferable between similar groups and/or can be generated from a group-contribution approach. Then, the remaining (cubic) parameters can be obtained from pure component property correlations. The use of properties other than vapour pressures and liquid densities, mainly liquid heat capacities is also analysed. An alpha funtion, different from that of Soave, is employed in this version of CPA and an analysis is conducted on the implications of this change. An extensive comparison between the new model and previously reported of CPA is also carried and discussed.
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Adams, William Mark 1961. "APPLICATION OF THE VARIANCE-TO-MEAN RATIO METHOD FOR DETERMINING NEUTRON MULTIPLICATION PARAMETERS OF CRITICAL AND SUBCRITICAL REACTORS (REACTOR NOISE, FEYNMAN-ALPHA)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275438.
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Sabnis, Aniket D. "Impact of material attributes & process parameters on critical quality attributes of the amorphous solid dispersion products obtained using hot melt extrusion." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17458.
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The feasibility of hot melt extrusion (HME) was explored for development of amorphous solid dispersion systems. Controlled release formulations were developed using a cellulose based derivative, AffinisolTMHPMC 100cP and 4M grades. BCS class II drugs ibuprofen and posaconazole were selected due to their difference in glass transition temperature and lipophilicity.
This study focused on investigation of the impact the material attributes and process parameters on the critical quality attributes in preparation of amorphous solid dispersions using hot melt extrusion. The critical quality attributes were sub divided into three main attributes of material, process and product.
Rheology of ibuprofen-Affinisol 100cP from melt phase to extrudate phase was tracked. A partial factorial design was carried out to investigate the critical parameters affecting HME. For optimisation of 40%IBU-Affinisol 100cP blends, a feed rate of 0.6kg/hr, screw speed of 500rpm and screw configuration with two mixing elements were found to be optimum for single phase extrudates. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was found to be an indirect technique of choice in predicting the maximum ibuprofen drug load within extrudates. Prediction was based on the prepared extrudates without charging them to stability conditions.
An alternative strategy of incorporation of di-carboxylic acids to increase the dissolution of posaconazole-Affinisol 4M blends was investigated. Succinic acid and L- malic acid incorporation was found to increase the dissolution of posaconazole. Although, the extrudates crystallised out quicker than the naïve posaconazole-Affinisol 4M, but free posaconazole formed eutectic and co-crystal with succinic and L-malic acid within extrudates. This lead to an increase in dissolution of the extrudates compared to day 0.
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Labib, Ashraf Adel A. "An investigation into the causal indicators and associated critical parameters for effective quality management in first generation Egyptian ports exemplified by the port of Alexandria." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407317.
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Marine ports are affected by fast technological development and strong competition as much as any other type tOf organisation. Changes due to the high demand for their services, and increasing customer awareness are imposing demands on their efficiency, effectiveness and ability to provide a high quality service. A few ports have been interested in adopting Total Quality Management (TQM), in order to meet these challenges and have gained benefits from adopting TQM. Most of the marine ports, which have adopted TQM, are European. TQM is unknown to most organisations in developing countries, and it was considered important to investigate how TQM could affect the performance of a developing country's marine ports. This study focused on Total Quality Management exemplified by the EFQM Excellence' Model and set out to examme the possibility of applying it in one of the African countries, namely Egypt. The port of Alexandria was adopted as a case study, in order to, first, investigate the reasons behind its low profitability and high service costs, and second, to investigate the possibility of applying the Excellence Model (as an internationally recognised lnodel of TQM) and investigate its limitations and benefits. Although most of the TQM activities were quite far from the Egyptian public sector culture, the results of this study suggested that it is successfully feasible to adopt the Excellence Model within the existing culture of Alexandria port. It was found that the key issue for ensuring the successful implementation of Business Excellence in Alexandria marine port is to fulfil the requirements of the staff within the organisation given a high respect to govermnent bureaucracy and inflexibility rules. Furthermore the research indicates that there were several methods to solve the limitations which lnay inhibit the successful implementation in Egyptian culture. The most efficient method 'was to gain the commitment of the Egyptian senior managers. Various methods were used in this researc:h for data collection including, unstructured interviews, structured interviews, questionnaire survey and workshop. Furthermore different statistical me:thods were used for ensuring the goodness and the reliability of the data. The findings of this research demonstrated that using Business Excellence criteria (in the light of the results that emerged from the study of the current organisation culture) will improve Alexandria port's performance and enhance its market share.
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Stringham, Bryan Jay. "Non-Dimensional Modeling of the Effects of Weld Parameters on Peak Temperature and Cooling Rate in Friction Stir Welding." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6710.
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Methods for predicting weld properties based on welding parameters are needed in friction stir welding (FSW). FSW is a joining process in which the resulting properties depend on the thermal cycle of the weld. Buckingham's Pi theorem and heat transfer analysis was used to identify dimensionless parameters relevant to the FSW process. Experimental data from Al 7075 and HSLA-65 on five different backing plate materials and a wide range of travel speeds and weld powers was used to create a dimensionless, empirical model relating critical weld parameters to the peak temperature rise and cooling rate of the weld. The models created have R-squared values greater than 0.99 for both dimensionless peak temperature rise and cooling rate correlations. The model can be used to identify weld parameters needed to produce a desired peak temperature rise or cooling rate. The model can also be used to explore the relative effects of welding parameters on the weld thermal response.
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Faccio, Karla. "Uma proposta para o desdobramento dos requisitos em parâmetros críticos no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/24724.
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Esta dissertação aborda a gestão de requisitos ou Requirement Management (RM) e a gestão de parâmetros críticos CPM (do inglês Critical Parameters Management) relacionadas com o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP). Assim, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar os parâmetros críticos através da revisão e inserção das atividades da CPM e da RM ao longo do PDP. Esta análise enfatiza a utilização de ferramentas e modelagem estatística. Este estudo contempla a reorganização das fases de RM e CPM propostas na literatura numa seqüência lógica utilizando ferramentas aplicáveis ao PDP. Esta proposta contempla fases exemplificadas por meio de um caso real. Como objetivos específicos para alcançar o objetivo traçado, citam-se: (i) demonstrar a inserção das atividades relativas à gestão de requisitos de produto e à gestão de parâmetros críticos ao longo das fases do PDP, revisando as fases e as sobreposições numa continuidade temática; (ii) apresentar uma proposta de reorganização das fases da RM para o desenvolvimento de um novo produto por meio de um exemplo didático; (iii) identificar os parâmetros críticos a partir de uma análise dos sistemas, subsistemas e componentes (SSC’s) de um novo produto utilizando opinião de especialistas e análise estatística. Para cada objetivo específico foi gerado um artigo. O método de pesquisa utilizado neste trabalho foi de natureza aplicada, de abordagem qualitativa-quantitativa com objetivo exploratório e o procedimento técnico utilizado foi o estudo de caso. Como resultados principais deste trabalho destacam-se a revisão de atividades para o desdobramento dos requisitos em parâmetros críticos relacionada ao PDP suportada por técnicas e ferramentas, proporcionando um maior entendimento de como estas atividades podem ser encadeadas e utilizadas simultaneamente. A proposta culmina com a identificação de parâmetros críticos a partir dos requisitos do produto e da análise dos SSC’s de um novo produto utilizando a opinião de especialistas e a modelagem estatística.This thesis addresses the requirements management (RM) and critical parameters management (CPM) related to the product of development process (PDP). The objective of this work is to analyze the critical parameters through the review and integration of activities of the CPM and the RM along the PDP. This analysis emphasizes the use of tools and statistical modeling. This study includes the reorganization of methods of RM and CPM proposed in the literature in a logical sequence using tools that can be applicable to the PDP. Stages of this insertion of activities are exemplified through a real case. The specific objectives to achieve the goal tracing: (i) demonstrate a review and integration of activities related to management of product requirements and management of critical parameters during the phases of the PDP; (ii) present a proposal for reorganization of the phases of requirements management in development a new product through a didactic example and (iii) identify critical parameters through analysis on systems, subsystems and components (SSC's) of a new product, using expert opinion and statistical analysis. For each aim it was written an article. The research method in this study is of qualitative-quantitative nature and the technical objective procedure used was a case study. As main results of this work stand out the review of activities for the unfolding of the requirements in critical parameters related to the PDP supported by tools and techniques, providing a greater understanding of how these activities can be linked and used simultaneously. The proposal culminates with the identification of critical parameters from the product requirements and analysis of the SSC's of a new product using expert opinion and statistical modeling.
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Feltham, Stuart Paul. "An investigation of stoichiometetry and thermo-mechanical processing parameters of (Pb,Bi)â†2Srâ†2Caâ†2Cuâ†3Oâ†x superconducting tapes." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368331.
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Van, der Westhuijzen David Pieter. "A critical performance evaluation of the South African Health Facilities Infrastructure Management Programme of 2011/12 /D.P. van der Westhuijzen." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9232.
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The Health Facilities Infrastructure Management Programme in South Africa aims to ensure an appropriate and sustainable platform for the delivery of health services. Since 1994, the average number of hospital beds has decreased from 4.4 beds per 1 000 people to 2.4 beds per 1 000 people. During the same period, there was no significant reduction in the 1 372 clinic backlog.
The evaluation of the performance of the Health Facilities Infrastructure Management Programme was based on a systems approach. This performance evaluation was conducted across four dimensions, with 12 assessment instruments and within 134 assessment parameters. Several of these instruments were developed as part of this study.
Actual performance, per assessment parameter, was expressed in terms of a four level project management maturity scale. About one third of the parameters indicated a low level of project management maturity, one third indicating a medium-low level of maturity, with less than 10% judged to have reached maturity.
It was found that the Infrastructure Unit in the National Department of Health is solely responsible for addressing more than half of the performance areas described by the assessment parameters. The proposed prioritisation model indicated that 50% of the performance areas needed to be addressed as a matter of urgency.
The study concludes with 10 system transformation recommendations aimed at maturity growth in the Infrastructure Unit in the National Department of Health, as well as maturity growth in the Health Facilities Infrastructure Management Programme as a whole.
The following key terms are relevant:
• Health Facilities Infrastructure Management Programme
• Performance evaluation
• Infrastructure Unit
• National Department of Health of South Africa
• Project management maturity
• Assessment instruments
• Assessment parameters
• Prioritisation modelThesis (MArt et Scien (Urban and Regional Planning))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Coppa, Isabel Patricia Maria, and Isabel coppa@csw com au. "The use of remote sensing data for broad acre grain crop monitoring in Southeast Australia." RMIT University. Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070201.095831.
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In 2025, there will be almost 8 billion people to feed as the worlds population rapidly increases. To meet domestic and export demands, Australian grain productivity needs to approximately triple in the next 20 years, and this production needs to occur in an environmentally sustainable manner. The advent of Hi-tech Precision Farming in Australia has shown promise in recent time to optimize the use of resources. Most
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Souihi, Nabil. "Multivariate Synergies in Pharmaceutical Roll Compaction : The quality influence of raw materials and process parameters by design of experiments." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96441.
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Roll compaction is a continuous process commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry for dry granulation of moisture and heat sensitive powder blends. It is intended to increase bulk density and improve flowability. Roll compaction is a complex process that depends on many factors, such as feed powder properties, processing conditions and system layout. Some of the variability in the process remains unexplained. Accordingly, modeling tools are needed to understand the properties and the interrelations between raw materials, process parameters and the quality of the product. It is important to look at the whole manufacturing chain from raw materials to tablet properties. The main objective of this thesis was to investigate the impact of raw materials, process parameters and system design variations on the quality of intermediate and final roll compaction products, as well as their interrelations. In order to do so, we have conducted a series of systematic experimental studies and utilized chemometric tools, such as design of experiments, latent variable models (i.e. PCA, OPLS and O2PLS) as well as mechanistic models based on the rolling theory of granular solids developed by Johanson (1965). More specifically, we have developed a modeling approach to elucidate the influence of different brittle filler qualities of mannitol and dicalcium phosphate and their physical properties (i.e. flowability, particle size and compactability) on intermediate and final product quality. This approach allows the possibility of introducing new fillers without additional experiments, provided that they are within the previously mapped design space. Additionally, this approach is generic and could be extended beyond fillers. Furthermore, in contrast to many other materials, the results revealed that some qualities of the investigated fillers demonstrated improved compactability following roll compaction. In one study, we identified the design space for a roll compaction process using a risk-based approach. The influence of process parameters (i.e. roll force, roll speed, roll gap and milling screen size) on different ribbon, granule and tablet properties was evaluated. In another study, we demonstrated the significant added value of the combination of near-infrared chemical imaging, texture analysis and multivariate methods in the quality assessment of the intermediate and final roll compaction products. Finally, we have also studied the roll compaction of an intermediate drug load formulation at different scales and using roll compactors with different feed screw mechanisms (i.e. horizontal and vertical). The horizontal feed screw roll compactor was also equipped with an instrumented roll technology allowing the measurement of normal stress on ribbon. Ribbon porosity was primarily found to be a function of normal stress, exhibiting a quadratic relationship. A similar quadratic relationship was also observed between roll force and ribbon porosity of the vertically fed roll compactor. A combination of design of experiments, latent variable and mechanistic models led to a better understanding of the critical process parameters and showed that scale up/transfer between equipment is feasible.
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Raposo, Luís Henrique Araújo 1985. "Critical assessment of mechanical tests parameters for dental materials testing = laboratory and finite element analysis = Avaliação crítica dos parâmetros de ensaios mecânicos envolvendo materiais odontológicos: análise laboratorial e por elementos finitos." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289562.
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Orientador: Lourenço Correr SobrinhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Ensaios mecânicos laboratoriais são essenciais no estudo e desenvolvimento dos materiais odontológicos restauradores, como forma de predizer o comportamento clínico dos mesmos frente às variadas condições existentes no meio oral. Apesar das condições encontradas in vivo dificilmente serem inteiramente representadas in vitro, o completo entendimento dos fatores que impactam o protocolo dos testes é determinante na análise dos resultados. Entretanto, muitos dos testes utilizados para caracterização dos materiais restauradores não são realizados nos padrões necessários, levando a resultados ambíguos para materiais similares, além de dificultar a comparação implementação dos mesmos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes parâmetros empregados em ensaios mecânicos utilizados no teste de materiais odontológicos restauradores para obtenção de propriedades mecânicas ou verificação da resistência de união. Assim, variadas configurações do ensaio de flexão de três pontos e do teste de microcisalhamento foram analisadas de maneira crítica. Pode-se concluir que as modalidades de ensaios mecânicos testadas necessitam de melhor padronização para que os resultados obtidos apresentem menor discrepância e consequentemente maiores representatividade clínicos. A maior padronização dos ensaios mecânicos utilizados na caracterização dos materiais odontológicos permite melhor compreensão do comportamento mecânico dos mesmos, levando a um desenvolvimento mais controlado destes produtos, o que por sua vez, resultará em maior qualidade dos procedimentos reabilitadores
Abstract: Mechanical tests are essential for the study and development of restorative materials and to predict their clinical behavior facing the numerous conditions existing at the oral environment. Despite the situations found in vivo are hardly represented completely in vitro, the full comprehension of the factors that can affect the testing protocols is important for the analysis of laboratory assays. However, most of the tests used for characterizing restorative materials are not performed in the adequate manner, leading to ambiguous results for similar materials and challenging comparisons between materials, besides impairing their improvement. On this way, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of different testing parameters employed in mechanical tests for obtaining the mechanical properties of dental materials or to check their bond strength. Thus, different three-point bending and microshear designs were evaluated. It was concluded that the mechanical testing modalities studied need better standardization in order to produce results with minimized discrepancies and consequently increased clinical importance. Well standardized mechanical tests for dental materials testing provide better understanding of their mechanical behavior, allowing more controlled development of these products and resulting in an increased quality for rehabilitative procedures
Doutorado
Materiais Dentarios
Doutor em Materiais Dentários
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Subhani, Arfan Ul Haq. "Influence of the processes parameters on the properties of the polylactides based bio and eco-biomaterials." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0057/document.
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Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit concerne la fabrication de biomatériaux poreux à base d’acide polylactique pour les tissus conjonctifs et calcifiés en utilisant des procédés de chimie verte. Le but de cette thèse est de corréler l’influence de certains paramètres de procédés à la structure morphologique et les propriétés des mousses générées. Nous avons étudié, d’un côté, les effets de mélange d’acide hyaluronique et d’acides polylactiques afin d’améliorer les propriétés d’adhésion de ces biomatériaux. Nos résultats montrent bien une augmentation de l’énergie d’adhésion mais aussi une diminution de la taille équivalente des pores et de la porosité des biomatériaux poreux après moussage par les fluides supercritiques. D’un autre côté, nous avons étudié les effets de mélanges des triphosphates de calcium et d’acides polylactiques en tant que substitut osseux. L’influence d’un ajout de cires en tant qu’agent porogène a été discutée et les méthodes de préparation des pastilles (voie sèche ou humide) ont été analysées. Dans cette optique la fabrication semi-industrielle de biomatériaux poreux a été testée en fixant les paramètres du procédé de moussage par le CO2 supercritique (pression, température et temps de saturation, vitesse de dépressurisation) et nous avons contrôlé les mousses de formulations optimisées en termes de porosité et de distribution des pores. En conclusion, ce travail rend possible d’adapter les paramètres des procédés de CO2 supercritique et de co-broyage aux propriétés des biomatériaux poreux. En perspective, cette ouvre la voie à de nouvelles recherches à la fois dans les domaines des modèles 3D tumoraux et d’ingénierie tissulaireThe work presented in this manuscript concerns the production of scaffolds based polylactides for connective tissues and bone regeneration by adapting green technology. The aim of this thesis was to correlate the influence of different process parameters on the morphological structures and properties of the scaffold generated. On one hand, we studied effect of the blending of hyaluronic acid and polylactides to enhance the surface adhesion properties of scaffolds. Our results relate to an increase in surface properties but a decrease of equivalent pore size and porosity after foaming scaffolds by supercritical process. Calcium Tri-Phosphate On other hand, we studied the effect of the blending of calcium tri-phosphates and polylactides as bone substitute. Influence of adding wax as porogen agent has been discussed and a comparison between wet and dry methods to generate scaffolds has been analyzed. For this purpose, semi-industrial fabrication of porous biomaterials has been tested by blocking supercritical CO2 parameters (saturation pressure, temperature and time, depressurization rate) and you have control the optimized formulation composite scaffold, in term of porosity and distribution of pores. In conclusion, this work made it possible to adapt the process parameters of supercritical CO2 and co-grinding at the properties of scaffolds. In perspective, this research opens new development ways in scaffolds, in both domains of 3D tumoral model and tissue engineering
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Herrmann, Todd Matthew. "A critical parameter optimization of launch vehicle costs." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3927.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Aerospace Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Lindsey, Christine M. (Christine Marie) 1977. "Critical process parameter determination during production start-up." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34741.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; and, (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84).
Production start-up data is consistently utilized in a reactive manner during the initial stages of a product's lifecycle. However, if proactive information systems are created before full scale production starts, ramp-up cycles can be shortened considerably. This project attempts to develop a framework for analyzing process data quickly and efficiently during a new product start-up in order to provide information for the short term goals relating to attaining stable processes as well as provide guidance on long term handles for process improvement. First, a summary of previous literature regarding start-up process data as well as typical stable process data usage will be presented. This will provide adequate background for evaluating typical gaps present during production ramp-up. Then, solutions to these gaps will be discussed in order to develop tools for better data analysis in shorter periods of time. These methods will then be applied to a case study involving the. new production of Kodak's DCS Pro 14N digital camera. The Kodak Professional DCS Pro 14N was an amazing leap in technology: a camera with double the resolution for roughly half the price of any product available. Unfortunately, it soon became apparent that the original demand estimates were grossly underestimated, straining original resource allocations. Manufacturing struggled to start and was already a year behind in backorders. With over 1.500 process attributes collected on each camera, the key drivers of quality had yet to be determined. The surrounding circumstances made the quick analysis of start-up data vital to effective resource management and yield improvement of the camera.
(cont.) After using the new process modeling framework and modified control techniques on the example Kodak case, two additional topics will be discussed. First, the many classifications of return on investment in proactive start-up data analysis will be presented. Ranging from waste minimization to higher customer satisfaction, these incentives justify early preparation for start- up data analysis. Finally, future areas of study will be recommended to augment the findings within the thesis.
by Christine M. Lindsey.
M.B.A.
S.M.
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Grout, Jason Nicholas. "Ultraconnected and Critical Graphs." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/34.
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We investigate the ultraconnectivity condition on graphs, and provide further connections between critical and ultraconnected graphs in the positive definite partial matrix completion problem. We completely characterize when the join of graphs is ultraconnected, and prove that ultraconnectivity is preserved by Cartesian products. We completely characterize when adding a vertex to an ultraconnected graph preserves ultraconnectivity. We also derive bounds on the number of vertices which guarantee ultraconnectivity of certain classes of regular graphs. We give results from our exhaustive enumeration of ultraconnected graphs up to 11 vertices. Using techniques involving the Lovász theta parameter for graphs, we prove certain classes of graphs are critical (and hence ultraconnected) in the positive definite partial matrix completion problem.
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Alkhayuon, Hassan Mazin. "Rate-induced transitions for parameter shift systems." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/35071.
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Rate-induced transitions have recently emerged as an identifiable type of instability of attractors in nonautonomous dynamical systems. In most studies so far, these attractors can be associated with equilibria of an autonomous limiting system, but this is not necessarily the case. For a specific class of systems with a parameter shift between two autonomous systems, we consider how the breakdown of the quasistatic approximation for attractors can lead to rate-induced transitions, where nonautonomous instability can be characterised in terms of a critical rate of the parameter shift. We find a number of new phenomena for non-equilibrium attractors: weak tracking where the pullback attractor of the system limits to a proper subset of the attractor of the future limit system, partial tipping where certain phases of the pullback attractor tip and others track the quasistatic attractor, em invisible tipping where the critical rate of partial tipping is isolated and separates two parameter regions where the system exhibits end-point tracking. For a model parameter shift system with periodic attractors, we characterise thresholds of rate-induced tipping to partial and total tipping. We show these thresholds can be found in terms of certain periodic-to-periodic and periodic-to-equilibrium connections that we determine using Lin's method for an augmented system. Considering weak tracking for a nonautonomous Rossler system, we show that there are infinitely many critical rates at which a pullback attracting solution of the system tracks an embedded unstable periodic orbit of the future chaotic attractor.
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Harasim, Tomáš. "Návrh diagnostické soustavy pro malý dopravní letoun." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231664.
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Due to the airliners and aircraft operators pressure on reducing the operating costs, the diagnostic systems are included in aircraft, so that the wearness of single functional elements of other functional systems can be monitored. This monitoring can save money, that are usually spent on maintenance and especially, it leads to an increase of the overall safety of aircraft operations. The task of this work is to design a diagnostic system for small transport aircraft. For the right and proper design, is the correct understanding of the functions of each part on aircraft systems needed. The part of this work is attended to the selection procedure of appropriate diagnostic parameters, next section deals with the suitable options of their scanning. I do mention the summary of the chosen diagnostic parameters for the scanning and the recomended ways of their measuring.
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Froon, Albertus Hermanus Maria. "Severity of disease in critically ill patients inflammatory parameters and clinical condition /." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1999. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6842.
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Jiang, Manfei, Brian Erstad, Asad Patanwala, and Ashlee Gerfen. "Evaluation of Anticoagulation Parameters After Discontinuation of Argatroban in Critically Ill Patients." The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614113.
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Class of 2015 AbstractObjectives: Argatroban is the current drug of choice for type II heparin induced thrombocytopenia. Primarily metabolized by the liver, this direct thrombin inhibitor has a volume of distribution of approximately 174 mLs per kg. While few studies suggested no differences in coagulation parameters or clinical outcomes between obese and non-obese populations receiving argatroban, a recent case report revealed elevated anticoagulation parameters for 20 days post argatroban discontinuation in a morbidly obese female. The purpose of this study is to assess anticoagulation parameters in obese and non-obese patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting who received argatroban treatment during their stay. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational, single-centered study. Participants of the study must be adults, at least 18 years of age. Patient must be an inpatient and have received argatroban for either suspected or confirmed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). All patients in the study were screened for the above criteria between November 2008 and September 2013. Patients admitted to the cardiac ICU were excluded from the study. Main anticoagulation parameters post discontinuation evaluated were daily international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), while safety outcomes included major, minor and non-bleed events. All data were analyzed with STATA 13 with P less than 0.05 being considered as statistically significant. Results: The study included a total of 51 patients, 37 were non-obese with body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg per m2 (73 percent), and 14 were obese with BMI greater or equal to 30 kg per m2 (27 percent). Among basic demographic data, no differences were found between age, sex, race, height and SOFA scores at baseline between the two groups, BMI less than 30 kg per m2 and BMI greater or equal to 30 kg per m2. (P equals 0.7, 0.21, 1.0, 0.41, 0.51 respectively). However, as expected, weight was the only characteristic that was different at baseline (P less than 0.01). Primary outcome of time of INR to normalization post argatroban administration (2.73 seconds plus or minus 0.27 seconds) as well as safety outcomes including major, minor, and non-bleed adverse events (P equals 0.61) were statistically non-significant between the two groups. Conclusions: In this retrospective, observational, single centered study, no differences were identified between non-obese and obese groups in terms of argatroban administration, primary anticoagulation parameters, and safety outcomes. The length of time required for coagulation parameters to normalize after discontinuation of argatroban therapy for HIT does not appear to be influenced by BMI. Large, multicenter, and random controlled trials are needed to evaluate obesity on pharmacokinetic parameters and clinical outcomes of argatroban.