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Journal articles on the topic 'Critical Observations'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Gimenez, Martha E. "Intersectionality: Marxist Critical Observations." Science & Society 82, no. 2 (April 2018): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/siso.2018.82.2.261.

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2

Fopp, R. "NORMALIZATION: SOME CRITICAL OBSERVATIONS." Australian Journal on Ageing 9, no. 1 (February 1990): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.1990.tb00784.x.

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3

Suganami, Hidemi. "Explaining War: Some Critical Observations." International Relations 16, no. 3 (December 2002): 307–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047117802016003001.

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4

Wowk, Maria T. "Kitzinger’s Feminist Conversation Analysis: Critical Observations." Human Studies 30, no. 2 (June 5, 2007): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10746-007-9051-z.

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5

Crosby, Scott. "The EZZ Case: Some Critical Observations." New Journal of European Criminal Law 6, no. 3 (September 2015): 316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/203228441500600304.

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6

Burroughs, J., and B. I. Hoffbrand. "A critical look at nursing observations." Postgraduate Medical Journal 66, no. 775 (May 1, 1990): 370–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.66.775.370.

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7

Burroughs, J., and B. I. Hoffbrand. "A critical look at nursing observations." Postgraduate Medical Journal 66, no. 779 (September 1, 1990): 370–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.66.779.370.

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8

Battaglia, Alessandro, Elke Rustemeier, Ali Tokay, Ulrich Blahak, and Clemens Simmer. "PARSIVEL Snow Observations: A Critical Assessment." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 27, no. 2 (February 1, 2010): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jtecha1332.1.

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Abstract The performance of the laser-optical Particle Size Velocity (PARSIVEL) disdrometer is evaluated to determine the characteristics of falling snow. PARSIVEL’s measuring principle is reexamined to detect its limitations and pitfalls when applied to solid precipitation. This study uses snow observations taken during the Canadian Cloudsat/Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) Validation Project (C3VP) campaign, when two PARSIVEL instruments were collocated with a single two-dimensional disdrometer (2-DVD), which allows more detailed observation of snowflakes. When characterizing the snowflake size, PARSIVEL instruments inherently retrieve only one size parameter, which is approximately equal to the widest horizontal dimension (more accurately with large snowflakes) and that has no microphysical meaning. Unlike for raindrops, the equivolume PARSIVEL diameter—the PARSIVEL output variable—has no physical counterpart for snowflakes. PARSIVEL’s fall velocity measurement may not be accurate for a single snowflake particle. This is due to the internally assumed relationship between horizontal and vertical snow particle dimensions. The uncertainty originates from the shape-related factor, which tends to depart more and more from unity with increasing snowflake sizes and can produce large errors. When averaging over a large number of snowflakes, the correction factor is size dependent with a systematic tendency to an underestimation of the fall speed (but never exceeding 20%). Compared to a collocated 2-DVD for long-lasting events, PARSIVEL seems to overestimate the number of small snowflakes and large particles. The disagreement between PARSIVEL and 2-DVD snow measurements can only be partly ascribed to PARSIVEL intrinsic limitations (border effects and sizing problems), but it has to deal with the difficulties and drawbacks of both instruments in fully characterizing snow properties.
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9

O'Connor, Shelley. "Critical reflections on formal teaching observations." British Journal of Nursing 33, no. 8 (April 18, 2024): 382–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2024.33.8.382.

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Formal teaching observations not only have an essential role in the visibility of teaching and learning but also allow for constructive, critical feedback for improvement. In both nursing and teaching, there is an emphasis on the need for efficient, regular reflective practice; this not to identify negative aspects but to transform professional practice. This article provides a personal insight into formal teaching observations, and themes arising from them of motivation, the teacher's voice, the use of abbreviations and acronyms and the use of exemplars, using a critical reflective approach.
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10

Lukočienė, Violeta. "THE PHENOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF BIRDS AND PLANTS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS." Natural Science Education in a Comprehensive School (NSECS) 21, no. 1 (April 10, 2015): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu/15.21.21.

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Creative, practical exercises, nature observations helps to pupils to explore more secrets of the nature, to feel a part of it. Phenological observations one of the educational methods which helps pupils to develop critical, creative thinking, empathy. Various methods which are used during phenological observation, develop pupils’ teamwork skills, socially responsible cooperation. On representing the results of observations are united the community of the school and pupils learn to be responsible for the reliability and authenticity of represented information. Key words: phenological observation, critical thinking, social cooperation.
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11

Woods, Jacqueline. "Frequency of observations and communication is critical." Nursing Children and Young People 25, no. 2 (March 2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ncyp2013.03.25.2.11.s8.

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12

Hatzipanagos, Stylianos, and Simon Lygo‐Baker. "Teaching observations: promoting development through critical reflection." Journal of Further and Higher Education 30, no. 4 (November 2006): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03098770600965425.

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13

Micocci, Andrea. "Critical Observations on Economics, Taxonomy, and Dynamism." Rethinking Marxism 16, no. 1 (January 2004): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0893569042000193425.

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14

Banham, Gary. "Kant's Observations and Remarks: A Critical Guide." British Journal for the History of Philosophy 21, no. 2 (March 2013): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09608788.2013.771252.

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15

Lansdown, A. B. G. "Critical Observations on the Neurotoxicity of Silver." Critical Reviews in Toxicology 37, no. 3 (January 2007): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408440601177665.

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16

GROVES, W. BYRON, and GRAEME NEWMAN. "Criminal Justice and Development: Some Critical Observations." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 10, no. 1-2 (January 1986): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01924036.1986.9688830.

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17

Capucchio, M. T., F. Carnino, and F. Guarda. "Critical Observations on BSE Control in Italy." Veterinary Research Communications 27 (2003): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:verc.0000014117.92640.59.

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18

Sepstrup, Preben. "Mayer on French videotex: Some critical observations." Journal of Consumer Policy 11, no. 3 (September 1988): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00411954.

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19

Queiroz, Rodrigo José. "CRITICAL SOCIAL THEORY AND GEOGRAPHY: OBSERVATIONS ON THE CRITICAL OF EVERYDAY LIFE." Revista Geografares 30 (July 8, 2020): 32–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7147/geo30.26156.

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20

Cadwell, Cynthia A., Kathleen S. Hobson, Sheryl Pettis, and Anthony Blackburn. "Clinical Observations with Real Timing." Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America 8, no. 4 (December 1996): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5885(18)30303-4.

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21

Robb, Joy A. "An overview of ventilator observations." Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 9, no. 3 (September 1993): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0964-3397(93)90028-v.

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22

Ishibashi, Kazunori, Andrea Mehner, and Takahiro Nagayama. "Near IR observations ofηCar: Reaching its critical rotation?" Journal of Physics: Conference Series 728 (July 2016): 072007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/728/7/072007.

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23

Stokhof, W. A. L. "A modern grammar of Acehnese: some critical observations." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 144, no. 2 (1988): 323–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003300.

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24

Malkow, Thomas. "Critical observations in the research of carbon nitride." Materials Science and Engineering: A 292, no. 1 (November 2000): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(00)00960-6.

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25

Malkow, Thomas. "Critical observations in the research of carbon nitride." Materials Science and Engineering: A 302, no. 2 (April 2001): 311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(01)01075-9.

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26

Andersen, Simon I., and James G. Speight. "Observations on the critical micelle concentration of asphaltenes." Fuel 72, no. 9 (September 1993): 1343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(93)90135-o.

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27

Amos, R. J., M. Deane, C. Ferguson, G. Jeffries, C. J. Hinds, and J. A. Amess. "Observations on the haemopoietic response to critical illness." Journal of Clinical Pathology 43, no. 10 (October 1, 1990): 850–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.43.10.850.

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28

Delisi, Donald P., and Timothy J. Dunkerton. "Laboratory observations of gravity wave critical-layer flows." Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH 130, no. 2-3 (1989): 445–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00874468.

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29

Michell, Jo, and Jan Toporowski. "Critical Observations on Financialization and the Financial Process." International Journal of Political Economy 42, no. 4 (December 2013): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ijp0891-1916420404.

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30

Tamang, Ganesh. "Some Critical Observations for Theological Education in Nepal." Ecumenical Review 64, no. 2 (July 2012): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-6623.2012.00155_2.x.

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31

Kisiel, Maria, and Claire Perkins. "Nursing observations: knowledge to help prevent critical illness." British Journal of Nursing 15, no. 19 (October 2006): 1052–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2006.15.19.22105.

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32

Nasution, Hasanah, Sahlan Tuah, and Nurmaini Ginting. "PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS BIOLOGI SISWA MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DI NEGARA 6 SMA PADANGSIDIMPUAN." Journal of Natural Sciences 1, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jns.v1i3.22.

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This study aims to improve students' critical thinking skills in the field of biology. The analysis technique in this research is critical thinking skills analysis and observation. This type of research is PTC. The results of the evaluation of students' critical thinking skills with learning disabilities were obtained in the first cycle of 51.51% and in the second cycle 84.85% of the 33 students who passed the critical thinking ability test, and there was an increase in the first cycle to II. is 33.34%. %. The results of student observations also experienced an increase in cycle I of 54.17% and cycle II 89.20% an increase of 35.03%, teacher observations in cycle I 67.19%, cycle II 92.19% an increase of 25%.
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33

Donato, Anthony A., Yoon Soo Park, David L. George, Alan Schwartz, and Rachel Yudkowsky. "Validity and Feasibility of the Minicard Direct Observation Tool in 1 Training Program." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-14-00532.1.

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Abstract Background Availability of reliable, valid, and feasible workplace-based assessment (WBA) tools is important to allow faculty to make important and complex judgments about resident competence. The Minicard is a WBA direct observation tool designed to provide formative feedback while supporting critical competency decisions. Objective The purpose of this study was to collect validity and feasibility evidence for use of the Minicard for formative assessment of internal medicine residents. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of Minicard observations from 2005–2011 in 1 institution to obtain validity evidence, including content (settings, observation rates, independent raters); response process (rating distributions across the scale and ratings by month in the program); consequences (qualitative assessment of action plans); and feasibility (time to collect observations). Results Eighty faculty observers recorded 3715 observations of 73 residents in the inpatient ward (43%), clinic (39%), intensive care (15%), and emergency department (3%) settings. Internal medicine residents averaged 28 (SD = 8.4) observations per year from 9 (SD = 4.1) independent observers. Minicards had an average of 5 (SD = 5.1) discrete recorded observations per card. Rating distributions covered the entire rating scale, and increased significantly over the time in training. Half of the observations included action plans with action-oriented feedback, 11% had observational feedback, 9% had minimal feedback, and 30% had no recorded plan. Observations averaged 15.6 (SD = 9.5) minutes. Conclusions Validity evidence for the Minicard direct observation tool demonstrates its ability to facilitate identification of “struggling” residents and provide feedback, supporting its use for the formative assessment of internal medicine residents.
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34

Kourouzidis, M. C., G. F. Karakaisis, B. C. Papazachos, and C. Makropoulos. "THE CRITICAL EARTHQUAKE MODEL: OBSERVATIONS IN CRITICAL AREAS OF THE BROADER AEGEAN AREA." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 36, no. 3 (January 1, 2004): 1432. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16532.

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The time variation of the cumulative Benioff strain, S, in several critical regions of past mainshocks which occurred in Greece and surrounding area has been examined, in an attempt to check the validity of the critical point concept. For this reason, data concerning the critical regions of twelve strong mainshocks, which have recently been defined by other scientists, have been used and intermediate-sized earthquakes which occurred before and after each mainshock were collected. It was found that the cumulative seismic crustal deformation released by these intermediate magnitude events was accelerating before all the mainshocks considered, whereas the deformation release rate during the respective postshock periods was, in general, lower than the preshock ones
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35

Suprasetyo, Yusuf Nomi, Heru Sujiarto Sujiarto, and Yayu Laila Sulastri. "IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS." UJMES (Uninus Journal of Mathematics Education and Science) 9, no. 1 (March 24, 2024): 040–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30999/ujmes.v9i1.2725.

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This research is motivated by the low critical thinking skills of students in mathematics learning in Class XI of SMK Putra Bahari. The aim of this study is to determine the students' critical thinking skills using the inquiry learning model. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted over 3 cycles, following the steps of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The data collected include qualitative data from teacher observations and student observations, as well as quantitative data from learning outcomes obtained through formative tests. The data obtained were analyzed using percentages. The results of the data analysis conclude that there is an improvement in students' critical thinking skills using the inquiry learning model. Keywords: Critical Thingking Skills, Inquiry -Based Learning
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36

Labutkina, Tetiana, and Ruslan Ananko. "«Горизонтальні» спостереження орбітальних об’єктів пристроями орбітального базування: супутникове угруповання тотального покриття заданої області висот." Aerospace Technic and Technology, no. 5 (October 3, 2023): 21–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2023.5.02.

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Promising approaches to updating multi-faceted information about space vehicles and objects of space debris involve the addition of networks of ground-based surveillance tools using satellite systems for observing near-Earth space, built on several orbital groups (segments). The purpose of the research is to develop the task of building a satellite system that provides total coverage of a given area of heights above the Earth's surface by the application zones of orbital-based devices that carry out "horizontal observations" (the axis of symmetry of the instantaneous zone of possible application of the "horizontal" observation device lies in the plane of the instantaneous local horizon space vehicle-device carrier). Results: 1) two "symmetrical" methods of solving the problem of choosing the parameters of the grouping of one of the segments of the satellite observation system, which has a well-known, often used structure based on the "rings" of spacecraft in symmetrically spaced orbital planes, have been developed (the grouping should ensure total coverage of the spherical layer in the altitude area of near-Earth space in its environment with the given parameters of the instantaneous cone-shaped zone of application of the observation device; the "width" of the covered spherical layer is chosen as a part of the layer that would be covered using observation devices with the given characteristics with an infinite number of spacecraft based on them); 2) the proposed approach to the construction of a satellite system of "horizontal" observations on several orbital groups of different heights, quasi-optimal according to the criterion of minimizing the number of spacecraft; 3) calculated examples of the application of the developed methods are given, and several approximate estimates are made regarding the implementation of systems based on "horizontal" observations. Conclusions: satellite systems for observing orbital objects based on "vertical" (in the radial direction) observations can be supplemented with the implementation of "horizontal" observations.
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37

Noris, M., Misbahul Jannah, Margiyono Suyitno, and Setria Utama Rizal. "Analysis of Students' Critical Thinking Ability Profile Using HOTS-Based Questions." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 10, no. 2 (February 25, 2024): 530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.5435.

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Critical thinking includes higher processes, such as analysis, synthesis, evaluation, conclusion, and reflection. This research aims to determine the profile level of students' critical thinking abilities. The research sample consisted of 28 students taken by random sampling consisting of 2 classes. Data was obtained through test and non-test techniques which included a critical thinking ability test using 20 questions. Meanwhile, the non-test uses an observation sheet on students' critical thinking abilities. Analysis of data obtained from the results of students' critical thinking skills tests was then analyzed using analysis items with the Rasch model. The results of the profile analysis of students' critical thinking skills were classified as moderate. This is proven by test results and observations in basic biology courses. Based on the results of tests on students' critical thinking skills, it is known that there are 16 students who have high levels of critical thinking skills, 5 students with moderate critical thinking skills, and 6 students with weak critical thinking skills. Meanwhile, the results of observations of the critical thinking abilities of Bima Muhammadiyah University students in basic biology courses are in the moderate critical thinking ability category with a category score of around 68.06%.
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38

Lu, Qing-Bin. "Critical Review on Radiative Forcing and Climate Models for Global Climate Change since 1970." Atmosphere 14, no. 8 (July 31, 2023): 1232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14081232.

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This review identifies a critical problem in the fundamental physics of current climate models. The large greenhouse effect of rising CO2 assumed in climate models is assessed by six key observations from ground- and satellite-based measurements. This assessment is enhanced by statistical analyses and model calculations of global or regional mean surface temperature changes by conventional climate models and by a conceptual quantum physical model of global warming due to halogen-containing greenhouse gases (halo-GHGs). The postulated large radiative forcing of CO2 in conventional climate models does not agree with satellite observations. Satellite-observed warming pattern resembles closely the atmospheric distribution of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). This review helps understand recent remarkable observations of reversals from cooling to warming in the lower stratosphere over most continents and in the upper stratosphere at high latitudes, surface warming cessations in the Antarctic, North America, UK, and Northern-Hemisphere (NH) extratropics, and the stabilization in NH or North America snow cover, since the turn of the century. The complementary observation of surface temperature changes in 3 representative regions (Central England, the Antarctic, and the Arctic) sheds new light on the primary mechanism of global warming. These observations agree well with not CO2-based climate models but the CFC-warming quantum physical model. The latter offers parameter-free analytical calculations of surface temperature changes, exhibiting remarkable agreement with observations. These observations overwhelmingly support an emerging picture that halo-GHGs made the dominant contribution to global warming in the late 20th century and that a gradual reversal in warming has occurred since ~2005 due to the phasing out of halo-GHGs. Advances and insights from this review may help humans make rational policies to reverse the past warming and maintain a healthy economy and ecosystem.
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39

Fu, X. W., H. Zhang, X. Wang, B. Yu, C. J. Lin, and X. B. Feng. "Observations of atmospheric mercury in China: a critical review." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 8 (April 22, 2015): 11925–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-11925-2015.

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Abstract. China is presently the largest contributor of global anthropogenic Hg emission to the atmosphere. Over the past two decades, extensive studies have been conducted to characterize the concentration and speciation of atmospheric Hg in China. These studies provide important insight into the spatial and temporal distributions of atmospheric Hg species in China through ground-based measurements at a wide range of altitude over diverse geographical locations, and cruise and flight campaigns. In this critical review, we synthesize the available data to date to delineate the spatial and temporal patterns of atmospheric Hg, the long-range transport pattern of atmospheric Hg, and the impacts of Hg emissions on atmospheric Hg distribution and deposition in China. Atmospheric Hg species in China are substantially elevated compared to the background values in the Northern Hemisphere. The highly elevated Hg levels in Chinese urban areas were derived from local and regional anthropogenic and natural emissions, while long-range transport plays an important role in the atmospheric Hg concentration in remote areas. Preliminary studies suggested that atmosphere GEM levels are increasing at an urban and remote sites over the last decade, which were likely caused by the increasing anthropogenic emissions. The anthropogenic emission quantity in China estimated through the observed concentration ratios of GEM to CO (observed from 2001 to 2013) is approximately 983 t in 2009, ~ 3 folds of the published anthropogenic GEM emission inventories using activity data. Wet deposition fluxes of Hg in remote regions are low but the fluxes in Chinese urban areas are much higher than that in urban areas of North America and Europe. Dry deposition fluxes of Hg measured as litterfall input in forest areas of China were 2.5–9.0 times higher than the wet deposition fluxes and 1.8–13.6 times higher than the dry deposition fluxes of Hg in North America and Europe, suggesting that dry deposition to forest may be an important sink of atmospheric Hg in China.
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40

Stiefenhofer, Pascal. "Catastrophe theory and postmodern general equilibrium: some critical observations." Applied Mathematical Sciences 11 (2017): 2383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ams.2017.77242.

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41

Fu, X. W., H. Zhang, B. Yu, X. Wang, C. J. Lin, and X. B. Feng. "Observations of atmospheric mercury in China: a critical review." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 16 (August 24, 2015): 9455–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9455-2015.

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Abstract. China presently contributes the largest amount of anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emission into the atmosphere in the world. Over the past decade, numerous studies have been conducted to characterize the concentration and forms of atmospheric Hg in China, which provide insights into the spatial and temporal distributions of atmospheric Hg through ground-based measurements at widely diverse geographical locations and during cruise and flight campaigns. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the state of understanding in atmospheric Hg in China. Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and particulate-bound mercury (PBM) measured at the remote sites in China are substantially elevated compared to the background values in the Northern Hemisphere. In Chinese urban areas, the highly elevated GEM, PBM and gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) were mainly derived from local anthropogenic Hg emissions, whereas regional anthropogenic emissions and long-range transport from domestic source regions are the primary causes of the elevated GEM and PBM concentrations at remote sites. Using 7–9 years of continuous observations at a remote site and an urban site, a slight increase in atmospheric GEM (2.4–2.5 % yr−1) was identified (paired samples test: p < 0.01), which is in agreement with the increasing domestic anthropogenic emissions. Anthropogenic GEM emission quantity in China estimated through the observed GEM / CO concentration ratios ranged from 632 to 1138 t annually over the past decade, 2–3 times larger than published values using emission activity data. Modeling results and filed measurements show dry deposition is the predominant process for removing Hg from the atmosphere, 2.5–9.0 times larger than wet deposition, due to the elevated atmospheric GEM and PBM concentrations that facilitate dry deposition to terrestrial landscapes. Further studies to reconcile the observed and simulated Hg concentrations, to understand the impact of domestic emission reduction on Hg concentration and deposition and to delineate the role of Hg emission and deposition of China in the global Hg biogeochemical cycle, are needed.
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42

GIBBONS, DON C. "Some Critical Observations on Criminal Types and Criminal Careers." Criminal Justice and Behavior 15, no. 1 (March 1988): 8–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854888015001003.

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This article deals with offender typologies, which have been of interest to several generations of criminologists. A number of these efforts are reviewed, but major emphasis is placed on the author's “role-career” scheme. A variety of research findings produced in the past decade or so suggest that the typological approach has been relatively unfruitful. In general, “careers” in crime and deviance are encountered less frequently than is suggested by typologies.
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43

Feitsma, Joram Nanne Pieter. "The behavioural state: critical observations on technocracy and psychocracy." Policy Sciences 51, no. 3 (June 18, 2018): 387–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11077-018-9325-5.

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44

Boland, Leonie, and Miranda Cunningham. "Homelessness: Critical reflections and observations from an occupational perspective." Journal of Occupational Science 26, no. 2 (September 11, 2018): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14427591.2018.1512006.

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45

Patursson, Erlendur. "Some critical observations on The Faroese- Danish financial relations." Nordic Journal of International Law 55, no. 1-2 (1986): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181086x00265.

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46

Ellingson, Robert G. "Surface longwave fluxes from satellite observations: A critical review." Remote Sensing of Environment 51, no. 1 (January 1995): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(94)00067-w.

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47

Bentz, Dale P. "Critical observations for the evaluation of cement hydration models." International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics 2, no. 3 (September 2010): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12572-010-0017-4.

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48

Kirkpatrick, Ronald C. "Nebular Density Distributions; A Critical Look." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 131 (1989): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900137830.

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The symmetry of planetary nebulae demands an explanation. Underlying previous attempts to explain these objects is the inferred density distribution based on spatio-kinematic models such as those of Weedman (1968), Reay et al. (1983) and others. Although some observations suggest a linear velocity-radius relationship for planetaries, plausible hypothetical examples may be constructed which greatly violate a linear relationship, and hydrodynamic theory (Schmalz 1986) suggests it may not hold even when observations may be most easily interpreted as supporting a linear relationship. Therefore, an independent assessment of the nebular density distribution is needed.
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49

Astudillo, Javiera, Pavlos Protopapas, Karim Pichara, and Ignacio Becker. "A Reinforcement Learning–Based Follow-up Framework." Astronomical Journal 165, no. 3 (February 21, 2023): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acb0c3.

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Abstract Classification and characterization of variable and transient phenomena are critical for astrophysics and cosmology. Given the volume of nightly data produced by ongoing and future surveys such as LSST, it is critical to develop automatic tools that assist in observation decision-making, maximizing scientific output without resource wastage. We propose a reinforcement learning–based recommendation system for real-time astronomical observation of sources. We assess whether it is worth making further observations and recommend the best instrument from a preexisting candidate set of instruments. Current possible choices include single-band, multiband, and spectroscopic observations, although it is generalizable to any other kind of instrumentation. We rely on a reward metric to make recommendations, which incorporates the gain in a classification sense and the cost incurred for the queried observations. This metric is flexible and easily adaptable to different application scenarios. We run 24 simulations in an offline setting with preexisting observations from Gaia DR2 and SDSS DR14. We propose four comparison strategies, including the baseline strategy, which recommends based on the most similar past cases to the current case. Our strategy surpasses all other strategies in regard to reward. We reach an accuracy of 0.932, comparable to using the accuracy reached using all possible resources (0.948) but with half the number of photometric observations and 1000 times fewer spectroscopic resources. The baseline strategy lacks the complexity to achieve competitive results with our proposed strategy. Our framework is meant to aid continuous online observation decision-making and can be extended to incorporate multiple environmental and observation conditions.
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50

Ibáñez Bernal, Carlos. "Las imágenes en el pensamiento: algunas observaciones y comentarios críticos." Revista Mexicana de Investigación en Psicología 9, no. 2 (December 21, 2017): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/rmip.v9i2.442.

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El propósito de estos comentarios al artículo-objetivo de Pardos (2017) es hacer algunas observaciones críticas sobre sus consideraciones sobre el papel que cumplen las imágenes como base estructural del pensamiento. Aunque en el artículo se presenta una tesis que bien pudiera iniciar una línea de investigación novedosa e importante, se juzga al mismo tiempo necesario precisar la naturaleza de las llamadas imágenes mentales, el tipo de evidencia necesaria para sostener su existencia, así como la necesidad teórica para construir entidades metafísicas para dar cuenta de los fenómenos tradicionalmente considerados como “imaginación”.
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