Journal articles on the topic 'Critical heritage, museum and archive studies'
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1
Damian, Michelle M. "A retrospective on the Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage." International Journal of Asia Pacific Studies 17, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 169–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/ijaps2021.17.2.7.
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November 8th to 12th, 2011, marked the first targeted gathering of people involved in researching, managing, and developing underwater cultural heritage (UCH) in the Asia-Pacific region. Since then, the Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage (APCONF) has been convened every three years, providing a unique opportunity to bring together members of government agencies, universities, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), intergovernmental organisations (IGOs), museums, the private sector, and the wider community. Participants from over 35 countries have attended the conference, making it a truly international endeavour. The APCONF was created in part to promote awareness of UCH on a wider scale. As such, one of the primary directives of the inaugural conference was to ensure that all papers presented would be recorded in full in the official conference proceedings, so as to establish an ongoing archive of the critical work being done in this region. This article will examine the wider benefits of creating this regional network through the APCONF, arguing that it provides an important venue for face-to-face networking that can lead to additional collaborations, and contributes to the understanding of how the conference may evolve in the future. The fact that the APCONF is not tied to a specific membership base provides not only unusual flexibility but also financial and infrastructural unsurety. The conference is organised by a group of dedicated volunteers and funded almost entirely by donations. As we stop to consider the first decade of the APCONF’s achievements, we also need to determine the best ways to ensure its sustainable future success.
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Orlova, Keemya V. "Российские фондохранилища документального наследия монгольских народов." Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 13, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 366–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-2-366-381.
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Introduction. The present review article is devoted to written Mongolian collections from repositories in different regions of Russia, which were formed thanks to the selfless work of brilliant Orientalists. At present, there is an urgent need in systematization, analysis, search for information, and distant access to archival records and written sources, which will give researchers more opportunities for distant work with sources. Accordingly, perspectives of using information technologies will fascilitate the coordination and wider cooperation, as well as greater openness in the academic environment, the urgency of which is quite obvious. It is the right moment, too, because, first of all, the data on written sources is still scattered in a variety of publications; secondly, 2018 saw the launch of a grandiose project ”World Heritage of Mongolians”, which is primarily designed to create a uniform inventory of historical-documentary heritage of Mongolian peoples. The project plans include the publication of twenty volumes to present collections of written monuments dispersed in various countries of the world: Russia, Japan, China, the USA, France, Denmark, Hungary, etc. Three volumes will be devoted to Mongolian sources from Russian repositories. The purpose of the present article is to give an overview of the repositories of the documentary heritage of the Mongolian peoples in different regions of Russia. Results. The largest collections of Mongolian written sources are stored in St Petersburg (Scientific Library of St Petersburg University, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences, State Museum for the History of Religion, National Library of Russia), in Buryatia (Center for Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs, Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS; V. A. Obruchev Kyakhta Museum for Local Studies), in Tyva (Aldan-Maadyr National Museum of the Republic of Tyva, Scientific Archive of the Tyva Institute for Studies in the Humanities and Applied Socio-Economics), in the Republic of Tatarstan (National Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan), and in Kalmykia (Scientific Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia, N.N. Pal´mov Kalmyk Museum of Local Studies); these comprise representative collections, including rare and unique monuments of Mongolian written literature. Some of these collections have been studied to a degree, but there are still many to be introduced into scientific circulation. That is why it is of urgent importance to represent written Mongolian sources, their significant part kept in Russian repositories. Further work on identifying and describing the documentary heritage of the Mongolian peoples will contribute to our knowledge of the field that still needs to be investigated.
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Kalibani, Mèhèza. "The less considered part: Contextualizing immaterial heritage from German colonial contexts in the restitution debate." International Journal of Cultural Property 28, no. 1 (February 2021): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739120000296.
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AbstractSince the publication of the “restitution report” by Felwine Sarr and Bénédicte Savoy in November 2018, the debate around the restitution of African artifacts inherited from German colonialism in German museums has become increasingly intense. While the restitution debate in Germany is generally focused on “material cultural heritage” and human remains, this reflection attempts to contextualize the “immaterial heritage” (museum collections inventory data, photographs, movies, sound recordings, and digital archive documents) from German colonialism and plead for its consideration in this debate. It claims that the first step of restitution consists of German ethnological museums being transparent about their possessions of artifacts from colonial contexts, which means providing all available information about museum collections from colonial contexts and making them easily accessible to the people from the former German colonies.
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Chaparro, Maria Gabriela. "Demandas comunitarias, respuestas articuladas. Una propuesta de gestión para un museo local en Argentina." PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural 21, no. 1 (2023): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2023.21.011.
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This work presents an experience of heritage management in the Museum and Historical Archive of Sierras Bayas as the result of community demand. In order to promote actions that would reverse the institu‑ tion’s state of deterioration, it was necessary to create a collaborative network between different social and insti‑ tutional actors. From its formation, a management plan was developed that prioritised the identification of the stakeholders involved throughout its history, a survey of the general state of the heritage and the elaboration of a situational diagnosis, as a basis for preparing a project toward enhancing its value. This museum was created by residents of Sierras Bayas, as a space with a strong social vocation, hence the importance of its safeguarding, in a town that recognises itself as a mining community and that plans to include its industrial heritage in tourism.
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Jamieson, Kirstie, Marta Discepoli, and Ella Leith. "The Deaf Heritage Collective: Collaboration with Critical Intent." Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jef-2021-0002.
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Abstract The paper reflects upon the Deaf Heritage Collective, a collaborative project led by Edinburgh Napier University’s Design for Heritage team and Heriot Watt’s Centre for Translation And Interpreting Studies. The project aimed to advance discussion around the British Sign Language Act (Scottish Government 2015) and bring into being a network of Deaf communities and cultural heritage organisations committed to promoting BSL in public life. The aim of this paper is to contextualise the project and its creative approach within the distinctly Scottish context, and the ideals of critical heritage, critical design and the museum activist movement. This paper presents the context and creative processes by which we engaged participants in debate and the struggles we encountered. We describe these processes and the primacy of collaborative making as a mode of inquiry. We argue that by curating a workshop space where different types of knowledge were valorised and where participants were encouraged to “think with” materials (Rockwell and Mactavish 2004) we were able to challenge the balance of power between heritage professionals and members of the Deaf community. By harnessing the explanatory power of collaborative making we debated the assemblages of epistemic inequality, and the imagined futures of Deaf heritage in Scotland.
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McGrady, Conor. "An Interview with Topher Campbell." Radical History Review 2022, no. 142 (January 1, 2022): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-9397086.
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Abstract This Curated Spaces features an interview with Topher Campbell of rukus! archive. The rukus! archive was founded in 2005 by photographer Ajamu X and filmmaker and theatre director Topher Campbell. The archive is dedicated to collecting, preserving, and making available artistic, social, and cultural histories related to Black LGBTQ+ communities in the United Kingdom. Its intellectual origins reside in the work of Stuart Hall and British cultural studies, and the critical dialogue it establishes with both mainstream heritage practices and dominant Black and queer identity discourses.
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Cerqueira, Taís Bravo, and Luciana Di Leone. "O que pode um arquivo feminista?" Elyra, no. 18 (2021): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/2182-8954/ely18a1.
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In what consists an idea of archive through a feminist reading? The question that moves this essay arises from the perception that the word “archive” is not common within a certain feminist bi-bliography, however, the idea of archive or the idea about the power of archiving is present in a feminist thought through words such as “scarcity”, “survival”, “memory” and “heritage”. In this way, the critical and poetic thinking of the writers Adrienne Rich, Cecília Floresta and bell hooks are used as case studies to reflect on the formats and tensions involved in a possible feminist idea of archive
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Lieza, Louw. "St Cuthbert’s Mission Station: Fragments of living heritage, the archive and documentary filmmaking – ‘the future of the past’." Missionalia 50 (2022): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7832/50-0-321.
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This paper offers a reflection on a research project undertaken over a period of nearly five years at the St Cuthbert’s Anglican community near Tsolo in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. St Cuthbert’ was established by Father Bransby Key, an Anglican missionary in the nineteenth century. On a site visit with art historian professor Anitra Nettleton, we met elders who still remembered the missionaries and could relate to lay-worker Frank Cornner who collected beadwork made by the amaMpondomise even though the missionaries discouraged these practices. Cornner’s collections are housed at the Iziko South African Museum in Cape Town, the British Museum in London and at Pit Rivers in Oxford, in the United Kingdom. The importance of recording testimonies of elders underlines the value of ‘living heritage’ as an added research tool in attempts to contribute to the existing archive, especially as many of the elders have since passed away. The elders recall their experiences with fondness and it was only at a later stage that the researcher encountered dichotomous reactions to the missionary project in the area. For the researcher / documentary filmmaker this tension presented a dilemma as the value of the testimonies could in no way whatsoever be undermined despite the challenges faced by practitioners at this time in the history of our country. My research does, however, point to the importance of constantly adding to existing archival collections of historical records by recording the lived experiences of relevant individuals.
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Çaylı, Eray. "Field as Archive / Archive as Field." International Journal of Islamic Architecture 9, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00013_2.
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Abstract This article introduces the special issue 'Field as Archive / Archive as Field': a set of critical reflections on archival research and fieldwork in academic studies focused on space. The special issue asks, how might the experience of carrying out research in the archive and the field, with all its contingencies and errancies, be taken seriously as empirical material in its own right? In other words, rather than reducing the research process to an empirically insignificant instrument through which to access useable data, how could scholars and practitioners of architecture treat this work as the very stuff of the histories, theories, criticisms, and/or practices they produce? In raising these questions that remain relatively underexplored, especially in architectural research, this special issue works from the contemporary historical juncture that is marked by an increasing visibility of rhetorical and physical hostility throughout social and political affairs. Probing how this historical juncture might impact and be impacted by spatial research, contributors to the special issue explore these impacts through the markedly urban and architectural registers in which they take place, including heritage, infrastructure, displacement, housing, and protest. They, moreover, do so through a variety of contexts relevant to the journal's scope: Egypt, Zanzibar, Turkey, Greece, Iran, and Israel/Palestine.
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Bogdanova, Galina, Todor Todorov, and Nikolay Noev. "Development, Annotation and Protection of Digital Archive “Bulgarian Folklore Heritage”." Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 1 (September 30, 2011): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2011.1.23.
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The key to prosperity in today's world is access to digital content and skills to create new content. Investigations of folklore artifacts is the topic of this article, presenting research related to the national program „K nowledge Technologies for Creation of Digital Presentation and Significant Repositories of Folklore Heritage” (FolkKnow). FolkKnow aims to build a digital multimedia archive "Bulgarian Folklore Heritage” (BFH) and virtual information portal with folk medi a library of digitized multimedia objects from a selected collection of the fund of Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum (IEFSEM) of the Bulgarian Academy of Science (BAS). The realization of the project FolkKnow gives opportunity for wide social applications of the multimedia collections, for the purposes of Interactive distance learning/self-learning, research activities in the field of Bulgarian traditional culture and for the cultural and ethno-tourism. We study, analyze and implement techniques and methods for digitization of multimedia objects and their annotation. In the paper are discussed specifics approaches used to building and protect a digital archive with multimedia content. Tasks can be systematized in the following guidelines: Digitization of the selected samples Analysis of the objects in order to determine the metadata of selected artifacts from selected collections and problem areas Digital multimedia archive Socially-oriented applications and virtual exhibitions artery Frequency dictionary tool for texts with folklore themes A method of modern technologies of protecting intellectual property and copyrights on digital content developed for use in digital exposures
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Maxted, Ian. "Reimagining local studies in Devon." Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication 68, no. 8/9 (November 24, 2019): 703–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gkmc-01-2019-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect that government austerity policies has had on local studies in Devon and suggest a possible alternative means of maintaining local studies’ collections. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents an historical survey of local studies provision in the county since the nineteenth century and outlines the present local studies’ landscape. Findings The findings show that local studies’ provision has been severely affected by eight years of progressive cuts to public library funding and that present publications, both printed and digital, are no longer being adequately recorded. Practical implications This paper suggests that in Devon, the museum sector may be a more appropriate home for local studies’ library provision than are archive services. Social implications Volunteers in libraries, museums and archives across Devon will be involved in maintaining a union catalogue and a bibliography of local publications. Originality/value While this is a suggested solution for Devon, it may not be applicable in regions with different traditions of heritage provision.
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Pyzikov, Denis D. "V.D. Bonch-Bruyevich’s Archive in the State Museum of the History of Religion as a Source on the History of Church-State Relations after the Revolution of 1917." Study of Religion, no. 2 (2019): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2072-8662.2019.2.138-143.
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This article deals with the specifics of church-state relations after The Russian Revolution – an event that completely changed the world history, and in particular the history of the church. This theme is important not only for contribution of new facts and assessments to known data, but also for current status of the church, its relations with the authorities in the Russian Federation and the re-evaluation of the state heritage of the Soviet Union. Despite the sufficient amount of studies and sourcebooks, archive of V.D. BonchBruyevich at the State Museum of the History of Religion can provide new facts and documents to fill the gaps in history and re-evaluate certain events. The list of archival documents on the subject consists of decrees, personal correspondence, appeals, and also periodicals. This group of documents hasn’t been the object of any study, as well as V.D. Bonch-Bruyevich’s archive in whole.
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Roque, Maria Isabel. "Ecclesiastical Museums and the Pontifical Letter on Its Pastoral Functions." Religions 14, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14010096.
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The Catholic Church arrogates a long tradition of protecting and using heritage to complement its evangelisation ministry from the medieval ecclesiastical treasures included in museology proto-history. While these treasures have adopted museographic features, other typologies of ecclesiastical museums have appeared, demanding regulations that could orient their activities. After the Second Vatican Council, the Church became increasingly focused on guaranteeing a worthy destination for the objects left over from worship. In 2001, the Pontifical Commission for the Cultural Heritage of the Church published the Circular Letter The pastoral function of ecclesiastical museums, establishing that the ecclesiastical museum is an adequate solution for these objects, keeping them close to the cultural group of origin and providing continuity to its original catechetical function. Two decades later, a critical analysis of the Letter is proposed in the theoretical frame of museum studies. Considering the recovery object’s original meaning in the museum discourse, the connection to territory, and the interaction with the plural and heterogeneous audience, the conformity of the Letter with the museum theory is underlined. With a focus on its general accuracy, the aim of this study is to evaluate how the Letter remains actualised and adapted to contemporaneity in addition to the challenges and transformations now faced by museums.
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Balcerzak, Agnieszka. "“The Charm of the PRL”. Memory Culture, (Post)Socialist Nostalgia and Historical Tourism in Poland." Slovenský národopis / Slovak Ethnology 69, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/se-2021-0014.
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Abstract The article explores the mechanisms of memory culture and the commercialization of the socialist heritage from the period of the People’s Republic of Poland (PRL) (from 1945 to 1989) as a tourist destination, societal practice and cultural resource in today’s Warsaw. At the intersection of heritage studies, historical tourism and material culture, the ethnographic analysis focuses on three empirical case studies as examples of the commercial popularization of the history of the PRL. These are the communist heritage tours offered by WPT 1313 and the documentation of the socialist heritage at the Museum of Life in the PRL and the Neon Museum. These commodified products of Warsaw’s tourism and entertainment culture fill a gap in the tourist market, based on the prototypical, nostalgic longing of tourists for a sensual and emotional experience of the “authentic past”. This predominantly participant observation-based ethnographic study on the practices, spaces, images and agents filling this touristic niche, illustrates how they create sensual-emotive, aesthetic and performative fields of reifying, discovering and experiencing the socialist past. Finally, the paper focuses on how these polyvalent mechanisms shape the tourist infrastructure of Warsaw oscillating between critical distancing and entertaining appropriation of the socialist heritage.
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Bazarov, Boris V. "Жизнь, отданная науке. К столетию П. Б. Балданжапова." Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 13, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 616–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-4-616-622.
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The purpose of the article is to briefly highlight the main milestones in the life of the famous Buryat scientist P. B. Baldanzhapov, to characterize his scientific researches in the field of Mongolian studies, to discover new, little-known aspects of his activities, to show his role in the development of new fields of science. Introduction. The article was presented as an introductory report at the IV International seminar “Written Heritage and current problems of the history and culture of the Mongolian peoples”, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of the prominent Russian scientist, Mongolist and orientalist P. B. Baldanzhapov (1921–1991), held in Ulan-Ude on September 16–18, 2021. The source base was both published works and unpublished materials stored in the personal archive of the scientist, articles by researchers dedicated to the legacy of P. B. Baldanzhapov. When writing the article, general historical research methods were used, such as historical-comparative, retrospective and chronological, which made it possible to show the life and works of P. B. Baldanzhapov in the process of becoming from a student to a professional. Results. Professional interests of P. B. Baldanzhapov were quite versatile: from collecting and studying monuments of folk folklore, toponymic terms and their interpretation, collecting written monuments in Tibetan and Mongolian languages, what is evidenced by the unique collections of Tibetan and Mongolian works stored in his personal archive, numerous manuscripts of articles and materials on the history of public education, culture, science and librarianship in Mongolia and Tuva, on the history of preserving cultural heritage and organizing their museum display and popularization deposited in his archive, up to studying the Buddhist heritage and promoting its preservation, as well as sources on Indo-Tibetan medicine and many others. Nevertheless, the main passion of his whole life was the study of Mongolian historical treatises.
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Darius, Elena I., and Mikhail Yu Shishin. "A.V. KHUDYASHEV (1885–1927): BIOGRAPHICAL FEATURES AND ANALYSIS OF THE ARTIST’S CREATIVE HERITAGE." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 43 (2021): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/43/21.
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Alexander Khudyashev is a sculptor, painter, teacher, organizer who played a prominent role in the artistic life of two Siberian cities - Tomsk and Barnaul in the 10–20s of the twentieth century. This article, based on the documents found, represents for the first time the main stages of his life and work, active participation in the All-Siberian Association of Artists «New Siberia». Until recently, very little was known about the life and work of this artist. The authors of the article, relying on archival materials, restored the biography of A. Khudyashev, in particular, more fully covered the Barnaul period of his life. On the basis of the documents found in the State Archive of the Altai Krai, the facts of the early years of the master's biography, the period of study at the Kazan Art School, and studies at private art studios in Moscow became known. The article describes his organizational work in Tomsk: on the board of the Tomsk Society of Art Lovers, participating in annual periodic art exhibitions, organizing a number of exhibitions («Exhibition of paintings and sculptures by local artists» and «Autumn exhibition of local and non-resident authors»). In Novonikolaevsk (now Novosibirsk), together with the assistant of the Leipzig Royal Academy of Arts, Czech artist F. Havelka, he participated in the preparation of the first in the history of the city art exhibition of Tomsk and Novikolaevsk professional artists and students of the Tomsk Real School and private studio F. Havelka. The pedagogical activity of the master is noted: in parallel with the creative and organizational work, Khudyashev taught sculpture in F. Havelka’s private drawing classes, drawing in the theological schooland first city women’s school, as well as in the Mariinsky female gymnasium. In 1918, the artist returned to Barnaul, where, according to A. Khudyashev's questionnaire recently discovered in the State Archive of the Altai Territory, he continued his teaching activities at the Barnaul Pedagogical Technical School and at the Workers' Faculty, and also worked in the Altai provincial department of public education. In addition, the artist was engaged in design activities. Becoming a member of the AllSiberian Society of Artists «New Siberia», he took part in the First All-Siberian exhibition of painting, sculpture, graphics and architecture, opened by members of the "New Siberia" in 1927 in Novosibirsk. The history of the Museum of Fine Arts in Barnaul, the first art museum in Altai, is connected with the name of A. Khudyashev. In difficult historical times, the change of the social and political system, the civil war, the introduction of the New Economic Policy A.V. Khudyashev sought to save a unique collection of the first art museum in Altai, understanding the importance and necessity of his work for future generations. The article introduces for the first time into the scientific parlance and analyzes three of his remaining paintings, now stored in the State Art Museum of the Altai Krai, tells about the composition and fate of the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts in Barnaul.
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Сахно, Александр, and Aleksandr Sakhno. "Treasures of the State Tyutchev Memorial Estate «Mouranovo»." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 9, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11404.
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The State Tyutchev Memorial estate «Mouranovo» keeps unique paintings, drawings and prints collections as well as photographs and daguerreotypes depot, furniture, porcelain, old-fashioned clocks and lamps. There are lots of rare books and massive memorial archives in the museum. The target part of the museum pieces is made by Russian and European masters in the 18"1 - early 20"´ century. The article is dedicated to the great collections at the museum storage and exposition, it explores their provenance and forming according to the museum departments and chronology.
The collection of the museum is unique not only with the pieces but with the donators who have been supplementing the collection till nowadays. The basement of the collection is the Tyutchevs heritage, personal collection of the last successor of the heritage and at the same time the fist director of the museum - Nicolay Tyutchev, and donations of the Tyutchev and the Boratynsky heirs. Supplements in 1960s and 1980s are marked by the names of the famous literary critics and collectors of the Soviet time. There were lots of museum friends who tried to keep the special atmosphere of a unique «nest of the gentry» of the 19"1 century and literary place in Mouranovo. Having priceless archives from the Tyutchevs the Museum became a research institution, which keeps and studies manuscripts ofFeodor Tyutchev, Eugeny Boratynsky and members of their families. The article is dedicated to the main structure of the Memorial Archive - one of the most valuable part of the Mouranovo collection and some unique pieces from other five departments of the museum. The main part of the text is an the overview of the collections made in different times by members of museum scientific staff, who have worked or are working at the moment in «Mouranovo»: Inna Korolyova, Svetlana Dolgopolova, Tatiana Goncharova, Natalia Belevtseva, Vera Malutina, Oksana Goncharova.
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Kahn, Rebecca. "Man, Woman, Child." Digital Culture & Society 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2020-0205.
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Abstract This paper is concerned with the ethical aspects of museum metadata. These are not always immediately evident when working with the metadata related to museum objects, although, I will argue, they are embedded in the object, accumulated at each phase of its journey into the institution; and continue to accumulate while it is part of a collection. This takes place against a backdrop of new development and possibilities afforded by digital technologies for building connections between and across heritage collections online, which can result in these complicated metadata potentially entering the data ecosystem. This eventuality, I will argue, has ethical and technical implications which need to be considered and understood through the theoretical lenses of critical data studies, museum informatics and the growing calls from museum scholars and others to decolonisation of museum collections. Using a small collection of drawings from the Pitt Rivers Museum of Anthropology and World Archaeology at the University of Oxford, I will demonstrate how difficult museum metadata can be buried deep in museum documentation, and how this data, once brought to the surface by digitisation, can expose the trauma of a collection’s origins. I will go on to ask whether the current models used to share heritage data online are appropriate mechanisms for materials with such sensitive histories, and ask how best to handle them in the increasingly digital future.
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Khimina, Nina I. "THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF COLLECTING THE DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE AND CREATING THE STATE ARCHIVAL FUND OF THE USSR IN 1917–1930S." History and Archives, no. 4 (2021): 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-6541-2021-4-82-99.
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The article examines the history of collecting documentary and cultural heritage since 1917 and the participation of archives, museums and libraries in the creation of the Archival Fund of the country. In the 1920s and 1930s, archival institutions were established through the efforts of outstanding representatives of Russian culture. At the same period, the structure and activities of the museums created earlier in the Russian state in the 18th – 19th centuries were improved. The new museums that had been opened in various regions of Russia received rescued archival funds, collections and occasional papers. It is shown that during this period there was a discussion about the differentiation of the concepts of an “archive”, “library” and a “museum”. The present work reveals the difficulties in the interaction between museums, libraries and archives in the process of saving the cultural heritage of the state and arranging archival documents; the article also discusses the problems and complications in the formation of the State Archival Fund of the USSR. During this period, the development of normative and methodological documents regulating the main areas of work on the description and registration of records received by state repositories contributed to a more efficient use and publication of the documents stored in the state archives. It is noted that museums and libraries had problems connected with the description of the archival documents accepted for storage, with record keeping and the creation of the finding aids for them, as well as with the possibilities of effective use of the papers. The documents of the manuscript departments of museums and libraries have become part of the unified archival heritage of Russia and, together with the state archives, they now provide information resources for conducting various kinds of historical research.
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Arangio, Susanna. "Collecting Mussolini: The Case of the Susmel–Bargellini Collection." Ex Novo: Journal of Archaeology 5 (May 24, 2021): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/exnovo.v5i.408.
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Heritage Studies has dealt with Italian Fascism in different ways but paying little attention to the movable items linked to the regime, such as paintings, sculptures and memorabilia. Over the last decade, private collections linked to the Mussolini iconography have emerged, owing to a renewed social acceptance of it and more items of Mussoliniana being readily available. Due to the reluctance of experts to confront this issue and the expansion of private museums in Italy, spontaneous initiatives have sprung up including a permanent exhibition of Mussolini iconography as part of the MAGI’900 Museum in Pieve di Cento, which consists of approximately 250 portraits of the Duce in different media. The nucleus of the original collection once belonged to the historian Duilio Susmel and was part of a large documentary collection put together during the 1960s and 1970s. Susmel hoped it would become a museum or a centre for Fascist studies, but ultimately it remained in his private villa near Florence until the 1990s. The archive is now split between Rome and Salò, and the Mussoliniana was purchased by Bargellini, who added busts, paintings and knick-knacks. Since 2009 it has been on display in a section of Bargellini’s museum entitled Arte del Ventennio. Therefore, the Italian State tolerates its existence but sadly it is ignored by most experts, despite the study opportunities it offers.
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Peutz, Nathalie. "Heritage in (the) Ruins." International Journal of Middle East Studies 49, no. 4 (October 16, 2017): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743817000678.
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First-time European and American visitors to the United Arab Emirates, where I live, are often surprised by the prevalence of heritage villages, festivals, and sports in hypermodern Abu Dhabi and Dubai. “Heritage” in the Arab Gulf, as elsewhere in the Middle East, is a central and growing industry, attracting the attention of scholars as well as investors and tourists. At the same time, much of the region's—and the world's—invaluable cultural heritage has been and continues to be obliterated by insurgents and governments alike. Spectacular assaults on historical sites, cultural institutions, and symbols of cultural-religious diversity in Afghanistan, Egypt, Iraq, Libya, Mali, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Yemen demonstrate that the “new wars” of the 21st century are being fought on the terrain of cultural heritage as much as they are over other precious resources. And yet, the interconnections between this heritage construction and destruction remain underexplored. In much of the scholarship produced in the burgeoning field of critical heritage studies, the duplexity of these processes is ignored. Instead, most edited volumes and “global” analyses of the field look to the Middle East and other Muslim-majority nations only in so far as they present case studies of heritage destruction—the bombing of the Bamyan Buddhas in Afghanistan and the looting of the National Museum of Iraq being iconic examples.
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Rukhliadev, Dmitriy. "Языковые материалы Фонда Центральной Азии и Сибири Отдела рукописей и документов Института восточных рукописей РАН." Ural-Altaic Studies 47, no. 4 (December 2022): 100–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-47-4-100-116.
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For more than 100 years, the Department of Manuscripts and Documents of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (formerly the Asiatic Museum, the St. Petersburg branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences) has been collecting materials on linguistic monuments of Central Asia and Siberia (mainly Turkic). However, there was no description and cataloguing of these materials. Since January 2010, the author of the present article has carried out an inventory and identification of these materials. As a result of this work, it was found that the collection contains a large number of unique linguistic materials, mainly rubbings of Turkic runic inscriptions, which significantly expand the possibilities of linguistic and historical study of the written heritage of the ancient Turks. The rubbings are copies of texts of both well-known and unknown monuments, as well as inscriptions that were considered lost. In the course of work with the collection, materials stored in the State Hermitage Museum, the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), the Russian Museum of Ethnography, the St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Archives of the Orientalists of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the RAS were involved. In parallel, work was carried out on the conservation of storage units. Some materials were included from other collections.
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Pigin, Alexander V. "From the Epistolary Heritage of the Poet Ivan A. Kostin: Correspondence with V. I. Malyshev and I. N. Zavoloko." Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies 3 (2021): 132–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2021-3-132-168.
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The article presents a study and publication of the correspondence of the poet Ivan Alekseevich Kostin (1931–2015) from Petrozavodsk with the archaeographer Vladimir Ivanovich Malyshev (1910–1976), who held a Doctor of Sciences degree in Philology, and the Old Believer writer and educator Ivan Nikiforovich Zavoloko (1897–1984). The correspondence includes letters and greeting cards (30 in total) from the 1970s to the early 1980s. They are currently stored in the Manuscript Division of the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom) of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, the Archive of the Grebenshchikov Old Believer Congregation in Riga, the National Museum of the Republic of Karelia in Petrozavodsk, and the National Archive of the Republic of Karelia, also in Petrozavodsk. Kostin’s letters to Malyshev reveal how the Petrozavodsk poet aided Malyshev in collecting manuscripts for the Ancient Manuscripts Repository (Drevlekhranilishe) in the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom). The correspondence between Kostin and Zavoloko concerns the history and culture of the Old Believers, the Vygoleksinsky monastery, and the Zaonezhye, and issues pertaining to literary activity and academic studies. The letters make a valuable addition to Kostin’s memoirs about Malyshev and Zavoloko. The article also covers the history of Kostin’s poem dedicated to Archpriest Avvakum. The letters, published in the appendix to the article, are accompanied by comments.
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Aguirre, Robert D. "Museums behind the Gallery Doors." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 125, no. 1 (January 2010): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2010.125.1.129.
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I am often asked how a Victorianist came to write a book about museum exhibitions and the British quest for and Traffic in pre-Columbian antiquities. When I began, I had no formal training in these subjects and thus little that would count as a theory or method. Of course, as my interest grew I read as much of the scholarly literature as I could: critical studies of important collectors; analyses of exhibitionary practice and museum administration; the history of the museum from cabinets of curiosity to the virtual collections of the present. Yet much of what I learned in writing my own book, Informal Empire, was pieced together, often haltingly, one fragment at a time through a deep immersion in a rich archive. Sensing I was on new ground, I rejected any overarching schema, adhering to the perhaps counterintuitive notion that the best way to make the archive speak was to resist imposing a theory on it and instead to allow the shape of the materials themselves to suggest ways of proceeding. To illustrate both the advantages and the liabilities of this method, which I employed while working on nineteenth-century ethnography collections, I have chosen here to reconstruct the key steps of the scholarly journey that took me from the library to the world of museums and archives. I offer this reflection on critical practice first as an exercise in demystification and second as an encouragement to anyone, but especially students, who might wish to travel similar paths.
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Петрова, Д. А. "The Graphic Heritage of the Russian Avant-Garde as an Object of Acquisition in the Tretyakov Gallery in the 1920s–1930s." Nasledie Vekov, no. 3(27) (September 30, 2021): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36343/sb.2021.27.3.003.
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Статья посвящена выявлению особенностей комплектования фондов Третьяковской галереи произведениями графики русского авангарда в 20–30-е гг. ХХ в. в контексте изменения тенденций государственной культурной политики того времени. Исследование выполнено на основе данных Книг поступлений Третьяковской галереи и документов, хранящихся в Отделе рукописей музея. Проанализирована политика приобретения художественных произведений в музейные коллекции, изучена деятельность Музея живописной культуры, произведен анализ поступлений в Третьяковскую галерею. Прослежено изменение вектора культурной политики в первые годы советской власти, взявшей на вооружение реализм в качестве основного идеологического инструмента. Установлено, что графические произведения русских художников-авангардистов стали достоянием фондов Третьяковской галереи в результате двух больших поступлений – после расформирования Государственного музейного фонда (1927 г.) и вследствие ликвидации Музея живописной культуры (1929 г.). The study aims to (1) answer the question about the time and circumstances in which works of Russian avant-garde graphics appeared in the collections of the Tretyakov Gallery, and (2) determine how the efforts of the national museum aimed at acquiring its funds correlated with trends in the state’s museum policy. The study was carried out based on data from the Tretyakov Gallery’s inventory books and documents stored in the museum’s Department of Manuscripts. In the process of work, the author turned to the books of the Tretyakov Gallery acquisitions kept during the period under study, documents stored in the Department of Manuscripts of the museum, materials of the State Archive of the Russian Federation, as well as results of research by specialists in art and museum studies who examined the legacy of the Russian avant-garde and its reflection in Russian museum collections. The author mainly used methodological tools inherent in historical research: a historical-systems approach and methods of historical-comparative studies. The author analyzes changes in the state museum policy in managing the acquisition of art museum collection funds after the revolutionary events of 1917. She also investigates the work of the Museum of Pictorial Culture, whose collection included works of avant-garde artists. The author determines the moment of change in the orientations of the young Soviet state’s cultural policy; the predominant use of realism in art was the main ideological instrument of this policy. She analyzes the works of art the Tretyakov Gallery received, reveals the avant-garde works the museum obtained in the late 1930s, identifies the trends that influenced the acquisition of the gallery funds in the subsequent period. The author has established that the works of avant-garde graphics became the property of the Tretyakov Gallery funds after two large-scale acquisitions – after the dissolution of the State Museum Fund (1927) and after the liquidation of the Museum of Pictorial Culture (1929). In the 1930s, there was a deformation of all museum activities, including the acquisition of funds. In relation to the collection of modern graphics at the Tretyakov Gallery, this deformation, in particular, manifested itself in the narrowing of the subject matter and directions of acquisition, and the withdrawal from the collection of works that contradicted ideological attitudes and political dogmas.
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Cobley, Joanna. "Museums and the Pandemic, One Year On." Museum Worlds 9, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/armw.2021.090107.
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Written as notes from the field, this article explores the overlaps between researcher development and the idea of academic resilience within the museum and heritage studies community. During a climate of uncertainty and rapid change, it argues that alongside the academic literature, positive psychology methods transfer well into the researcher development space. Methods involved informal email conversations with museum and heritage practitioners united by how COVID-19 and border lockdown presented new opportunities to connect, share ideas, and rethink. Presented as short narratives, these findings show how researchers and practitioners in northern Europe, the United Kingdom and Canada share similar concerns to those in the southern hemisphere about climate change, equity, well-being, resilience, and sustainability. These narratives highlight the importance of encouraging critical engagement, finding ways to traverse time zones that build international networks and provide leadership opportunities for researchers at any level.
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Crane, Jonathan Lake, and Christine S. Davis. "Walking and Talking With the Lord: Teleological Curation, Salvation, and the Billy Graham Library." Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies 19, no. 1 (December 5, 2017): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532708617745093.
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This article offers a critical auto-ethnography of Charlotte’s extensive Billy Graham Library complex, sculpted grounds, and memorial garden. Opened in 2007 and designed as an “ongoing Crusade,” the Billy Graham Library is a notable Evangelical archive. All historical sites are wellsprings curated to convey and preserve a compelling narrative through line that encompasses the meaning of the assembled artifacts on display. The museum is also constructed to win souls to God and bring all visitors to a personal relationship with Jesus Christ, and, we suggest, to usher visitors to an irredentist vision of Christ’s kingdom.
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Toniak, Ewa. "CURATORSHIP PRAXISES TOWARDS ‘DISPLACED ASSETS’ IN POST-1989 MUSEUM PROJECTS: TWO EXHIBITIONS AT WARSAW’S XAWERY DUNIKOWSKI MUSEUM." Muzealnictwo 61 (August 26, 2020): 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3644.
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Two exhibitions at the Xawery Dunikowski Museum of Sculpture at the Królikarnia Palace, branch of the National Museum in Warsaw: the ‘Inventorying’ Display-Research Project, which was a kind of a public inventory of the sculpture collection (2012) and the Exhibition ‘The Estate. Sculptures from the collection of the Von Rose family and films and photographs from the archive of Zofia Chomętowska’ (2015) are case studies serving the Author to analyse curatorship practices with respect to the collections whose major part is composed of ‘displaced assets’, first of all from the so-called ‘Regained Territories’. In the words of the Chief Curator at the Królikarnia Museum since 2011 and the Exhibitions’ Curator Agnieszka Tarasiuk: it is a troublesome collection testifying to a difficult heritage and not yielding to conservation. The paper’s methodological basis is the museum exhibits’ provenance research conducted by R. Olkowski, L.M. Kamińska, and M. Romanowska-Zadrożna, while its context is found in the programme assumptions of the Strategy for the Operations and Development of the National Museum in Warsaw 2010–2020 worked out by the former National Museum’s Director Piotr Piotrowski. One of its priorities is to clarify the origins of the collections of unknown provenance, and settling accounts with their former owners. Furthermore, the question related to constructing museum’s genealogy and the memory of history of the period immediately following WWII in the new socio-political situation in Poland after 1989 is posed. The position for dealing with collections’ provenance research introduced by P. Piotrowski was liquidated following the Director’s dismissal in 2012. The paper forms part of a bigger whole.
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Della Torre, Stefano, and Mehrnaz Rajabi. "The Restoration of St. James’s Church in Como and the Cathedral Museum as Agents for Sustainable Urban Planning Strategies." Land 11, no. 3 (March 3, 2022): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11030375.
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This paper aims at exploring the implementation of sustainability concepts in the Historic Preservation field. It delves into the multiple roles of cultural heritage in fostering and empowering sustainable development processes, understanding cultural heritage as a laboratory for (urban) innovation/creativity. In this sense, conservation is no longer explored within the traditional disciplinary borders, but it investigates the ways of contributing to the economy and society. This article pursues the Walled City of Como as a case study due to the opportunity of introducing the program of a new museum into the complexity of Como’s historic center. Recently, the center itself has undergone such studies/policies and applied conservation theories/practices. Furthermore, the historic center of Como was analyzed based on a multifaceted literature screening, gathering data on the tourism and real estate trends. In those studies, the crucial role that cultural heritage could take for urban development has been outlined, specifically as an enabler of controlling agencies for gentrification and commodification tendencies and fostering integration and collaboration among the key stakeholders. In terms of implementation of Sustainable Development Goals in the heritage field, the main lesson emerging from the case study is “integration” as a critical tool for such strategies’ feasibility.
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Andrew, Brook. "Trading Lines." ARTMargins 5, no. 1 (February 2016): 80–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_a_00132.
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Trading Lines is a photo essay that tracks nearly twenty years of research within international museums as well as collecting and sharing photographs and objects. This research began in 1996 at the Royal Albert Memorial Museum, Exeter, where I encountered an Aboriginal skull from N.S.W. Australia —that was part of the active international Aboriginal human remains trade activated from the early 18th century. This photo essay shares correspondence between myself and private and public collection managers and collectors. Some images are from actual installations where I have combined objects with artworks, as a whole, it is an attempt to draw lines between pure collection activities and legitimate anguish many people feel for not only their cultural heritage but also those of the human remains trade. Even though repatriation of human remains to Aboriginal communities in Australia has been an active endeavor over the last 10 or more years, many human remains, photos and other important documents are still being uncovered, repatriated and traded. The comparable texts and images explore the margins of both museum practice and community involvement and understanding of these actions and communications. I intend to present this photo essay as an archive that engages people within their own curiosity of access to a complex world of negotiations. Further documents, human remains and other materials are gradually and continually unearthed in museums and sold through private collections and markets. Reflecting on this, who owns their own culture and history, and how does a culture remember when they are not in receipt of their cultural materials. I hope to stimulate important considerations about the power of a public archive, noting the complex protocol tensions that can arise and how these lines or margins are negotiated, crossed, hidden or shared.
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Shestopalova, Evelina Y. "Alagir Gorge of North Ossetia-Alania: in the footsteps of archaeologist E.G. Pchelina." Vestnik of North-Ossetian State University, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/1994-7720-2021-4-78-88.
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E.G. Pchelina (1895-1972) belongs to the galaxy of outstanding scientists who laid the foundation of Soviet Caucasian studies. She had a multi-faceted talent as a researcher and left a bright mark in archeology, religious studies, ethnography, folklore studies of the Caucasus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Central Asia. Most of her works, including those ready for publication, were not published during the scientist’s lifetime. The archive, bequeathed by her to the Academy of Sciences and transferred to LOARAN in 1973 by her daughter-in-law, the highly respected M.L. Pchelina, remained inaccessible until 2019. But the results of her research, reflected in published works and available from Reports of archaeological expeditions and documents in the archives of scientific institutions of North and South Ossetia, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yaroslavl, were known and highly appreciated by archaeologists, ethnographers, historians. References to the materials of her archaeological collections from the Hermitage and museums of North and South Ossetia are often found in the works of modern researchers of the Caucasus. The name of the talented scientist has not been forgotten all these years. However, only now, with the beginning of work on the study of its archival heritage, it became clear what a wide scope of scientific problems is reflected in the unpublished works of the scientist, what global themes of the history of Ossetia have been studied and reflected in the monographs and articles of Evgenia Georgievna. In 2019-2021, scientific events “Bee Readings” were held in St. Petersburg, dedicated to the problems of studying the archival heritage of E.G. Pchelina and timed to the 125th anniversary of her birth. Thanks to the long-term efforts of the staff of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the staff of the Hermitage, the Museum of Ethnography of St. Petersburg, the staff of SOIGSI, the grandchildren of Evgenia Georgievna, Nikolai and Mikhail Pchelin, as well as many people who are not indifferent to the fate and discoveries of Evgenia Georgievna, work with the archive is currently being successfully conducted and gradually reveals the great importance of the research conducted by Evgenia Georgievna in the Caucasus, which will now undoubtedly be known to a wide range of researchers.
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Gessner, Ingrid, Miriam Nandi, and Juliane Schwarz-Bierschenk. "MatteRealities: Historical Trajectories and Conceptual Futures for Material Culture Studies." Open Cultural Studies 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2019-0027.
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Abstract “No ideas but in things!” William Carlos Williams’s leitmotif for the modernist epic Paterson seems to anticipate the current renewal of academic attention to the materialities of culture: When the Smithsonian Institution accounts for The History of America in 101 Objects (Kurin) or when Neil MacGregor, designated director of the Humboldt Forum in Berlin, aims at telling The History of the World in 100 Objects (2011), they use specimens of material culture as register and archive of human activity. Individual exhibitions explore the role of objects in movements for social and political change (Disobedient Objects, Victoria and Albert Museum, London). Large-scale national museum projects like the new Humboldt Forum in Berlin or the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C., draw attention to the long existence of collections in Western institutions of learning and reveal the inherently political character of material culture—be that by underscoring the importance of institutional recognition of particular identities or by debates about provenance and restitution of human remains and status objects. The plethora of objects assembled in systematic as well as idiosyncratic collections within and outside the university is just beginning to be systematically explored for their roles in learning and education, funded by national research organizations such as the German BMBF.1 In theatrical performances, things function as discussion prompts in biographical work (Aufstand der Dinge, Schauspielhaus Chemnitz) or unfold their potential to induce a bodily experience (The Force of Things: An Opera for Objects, GK Arts Center, Brooklyn, NY). Things are present: as heritage, as commodities, as sensation; they circulate in processes of cognition and mediation, they transcend temporal and spatial distantiations. Things figure in narration and performance, in our everyday life practices, in political activism. They build knowledge of ourselves and others, influence the ways in which we interact with our fellow human beings, and in which we express or control our feelings. They combine the apparently concrete and the fleetingly abstract. Overall, things make us do things.
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Kurniawan, Michael Nathaniel. "Rethinking Art, Design, and Cultural History for the Indonesian Design Education and Creative Economy." Humaniora 10, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v10i2.5465.
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This research used extensive literature reviews of the history of Design HE, Art and Design History, Creative and Cultural Industries, Cultural Heritage Studies, and Design Studies to rethink the history, concepts, and common teaching practices of Art, Design, and Cultural History within the Design HE curriculum, especially for the Visual Communication Design Undergraduate program as it contributed to almost all of the creative industries’ sub-sectors. It is discovered that since the Industrial Revolution, the Design HE, the art and cultural museum, and the economy actually shares a strong correlation that has long been rejected and mostly forgotten. Exploring this correlation helps to determine the role of cultural heritage in the creative economy and to position Indonesian cultural heritage as central in the design curriculum. On this account, Art, Design, and Cultural History subject(s) should encourage designers to create new designs as active efforts to preserve past cultural values that also function as creative and critical interventions towards the global creative economy phenomenon.
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Hula, R., I. Perederii, and V. Sazhko. "Domestic Archives, Libraries and Museums as Object and Subject of Consciental War in the Terms of the Russian Federation Armed Aggression Against Ukraine." Visnyk of Kharkiv State Academy of Culture, no. 62 (December 26, 2022): 7–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31516/2410-5333.062.01.
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The relevance of the study. The priority of information confrontation in the postmodern era is to change the mentality of the nation and the deformation of national memory patterns, which is clearly reflected in the events of Russian-Ukrainian war. Complex transformation processes in the development of the modern library system, the problem of determining its role and place in the protection of national cultural heritage, resisting attempts to purposefully instill hostile cultural values in the Ukrainian state in the context of integrated use of information warfare are given in conditions of the consciental war.
The purpose of our scientific research is to reveal the essence of the socio-cultural dimension of consciental war (war for consciousness) in its constituents. This is archeological warfare and the falsification of history. Reveal and identify the potential for library, archival and museum systems functioning in the context of consciental war (war for consciousness) in the conditions of the Russian Federation armed aggression against Ukraine.
The methodology. The author’s vision of the problem is based on the main principles of science: scientificity and objectivity. A systematic approach to determining the functionality of libraries enabled to establish the content and prospects of transformation processes of the modern library, archival and museum systems in the consciental war (war for consciousness) and to determine its effectiveness in terms of performing tasks of effective armed and information confrontation.
The results. It is proved that the archival, library and museum systems, as a traditional collector and translator in the time and space of documented knowledge, the guardian of the national cultural heritage becomes the object of influence and manipulation in the terms of consciental war (war for consciousness). At the same time, they can and should be an effective tool for information and psychological confrontation. It reveals the role and place of the cultural heritage institutions in the consciental war (war for consciousness) — archaeological warfare and the rewriting of history. A number of forms of consciental war in confrontation in Russian-Ukrainian war are characterized.
The scientific novelty. For the first time, an attempt was made to comprehensively analyze the role of archives, libraries, museums in the consciental war (war for consciousness). The tasks and functions of the archives, libraries, museums as an effective tool for the protection of the national information space are specified in conditions of Russian-Ukrainian war.
The practical significance. The results of the study can be used by librarians, archivists, museum workers as well as higher education institutions that implement educational programs in the specialties 029 “Information, Library and Archival Affairs” and 027 “Museum and monument studies” in the development of new disciplines (e.g., “Іnformation Warfare and National Security”, “Archival studies”, “Library studies”, “Museology”, etc). It will provide training for library, archive, museum and information specialists at modern requirements level, taking into account the peculiarities of modernization processes development in the library and archives.
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Franko, Andriy, and Oksana Franko. "Serhiy Hamchenko (1860–1932): documents and materials from personal archive through the prism of new consideration of creative biography of the scientist." Materials and studies on archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area 24 (December 24, 2020): 424–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2020-24-424-457.
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Through the prism of the latest, modern review of the scientific and creative biography of Ukrainian archaeologist, historian, ethnologist, publicist, museologist, vice-president of the All-Ukrainian Archaeological Committee (VUAK) of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (VUAN) Serhiy Spyrydonovych (Svyrydovych) Hamchenko his personal archive, which are stored in his personal fund (f. № 3) of the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NA IA NASU) (Kyiv, fund № 3) are researched, analyzed and rethought. Also information is represented (in a broad framework of timeless polylogue of scientists and epochs) about the activities of a tireless scientist from other official archives, manuscript collections, numerous publications of well-known experts in history, archaeology and source studying. Emphasized that archive fund of S. Hamchenko consists mostly of a collection of scientific manuscripts related mainly to archaeological research of sites located in Ukraine and Russia, which are devoted more to organization and conduct of archaeological excavations. There was also found S. Hamchenko’s epistolary, official and report notes on the organization of museum study in Ukraine, works of the All-Ukrainian Archaeological Committee, notebooks, official documents, photographs and other «visual» materials, collections of books, magazines and newspapers, etc. It is confirmed that the significant share of these source studies «papers» has not been published to date. Also the little-known archival materials of S. Hamchenko, which contained in the Scientific Archive of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IA RAS) were processed. On the base of studying of archival and historiographical sources an attempt is made to truthfully, comprehensively, holistically reproduce the socio-biographical aspects and creative features of the chronicle of the life and scientific activity of the extraordinary scholar. It was paid considerable attention to specific, sometimes controversial issues of scientific and source «biography», primarily important prosopographic nuances of adequate, final clarification of the exact dates and places of S. Hamchenko’s birth and death (as well as the establishment of its medical cause). The problem-thematic range of scientific interests of S. Hamchenko is extended from the Paleolithic, Neolithic, Bronze Age to the times of Kyivs’ka Rus’. The scholar have discovered 45 sites of Trypillia culture on the Southern Bugh river, conducted various archeological excavations mainly in Eastern and South-Eastern Volhyn’, Podillya, Kyiv, Cherkasy, Dnipropetrovs’k, Kharkiv, Odessa, Bessarabia regions and other places of Ukrainian and Russian territory (Gulf of Finland area near Sestrorets’k near St. Petersburg). It is confirmed that documents and archival materials related to the biography of S. Hamchenko is an integral part of the national cultural heritage and serve as an important authentic, factual source for a full, holistic study of the multifaceted history of archeology, ethnography, ethnology and museum studies in Ukraine at the end of the XIX th century – in the first third of the XX th century. Key words: Serhiy Hamchenko, history of archeology, museum studies, ethnography, local history, ethnology, All-Ukrainian Archaeological Committee (VUAK), epistolary, intellectual community.
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Povroznik, N. G. "WEB ARCHIVES IN RECONSTRUCTING HISTORY OF VIRTUAL MUSEUMS: POTENTIAL AND LIMITATIONS." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4(51) (2020): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2020-4-95-105.
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Web archives are repositories of unique sources on the history of the information society, including the cultural segment of the World Wide Web. The relevance of studying the web history of museum information resources refers to the need to understand the past and contemporary processes of the development of the museum's digital environment in order to more effectively build strategies for future advancement with a valuable impact on society. The article, for the first time, attempts to assess the information potential of web archives for studying the web history of virtual museums and discusses the limitations that prevent the reconstruction of their web history. Web archives are designed to observe web pages and web sites saved at a certain point in time; they analyze the structure and content of the museum web, interpret the visual aids and sections' titles, and track statistics of publication activity. Tracing changes in the role and significance of the digital environment in museum activities, as well as trends in the development of museums, and predicting future trajectories are possible based on the analysis of the dynamics of museums' web content. At the same time, the peculiarities of search engines in web archives, technical restrictions, incompatibility of modern software with earlier formats, limits on scanning information on the World Wide Web to save it, uneven preservation by domain zones in the Internet Archive, and the lack of specialized web preservation programs at national and regional levels restraint the possibility of a comprehensive study of the history of virtual museums. The author concludes that it is necessary to expand national web archiving programs in favour of a more detailed preservation of the cultural segment of the web as a digital cultural heritage, as well as the content of social networks and mobile applications, for future use by researchers.
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Tamimi Arab, Pooyan. "Islamic heritage versus orthodoxy: Figural painting, musical instruments and wine bowls at the Dutch National Museum of World Cultures." Journal of Material Culture 26, no. 2 (March 5, 2021): 178–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183521997503.
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Shahab Ahmed’s What Is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic (2016) challenges anthropologists, Islamic Studies scholars, art historians and museum practitioners to question the theological assumptions underlying conceptions of Islamic art and material culture. This article analyses three object types key to Ahmed’s analysis – Islamic figural painting, musical instruments and wine bowls – from the vantage point of the collection of the Dutch National Museum of World Cultures. Based on the author’s experience as Assistant Curator for West Asia and North Africa in 2015–2016 and on exhibition developments up until 2019, Ahmed’s framework is demonstrated as a guide for critical interpretations of exhibitions of Islamic art and material culture. This perspective lays bare a tension that contemporary museums struggle with in response to nationalist pressures to integrate Muslim citizens in Western Europe: between a diverse Islamic heritage, on the one hand, and orthodox desires to materially purify the very idea of Islam, on the other.
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Webber, Jonathan. "Exhibiting Galicia: Problems of Interpretation and Other Reflections on the Permanent Exhibition at the Galicia Jewish Museum in Kraków." Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia 18 (2021): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843925sj.20.008.13876.
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The purpose of this article is to offer a critical comment on the permanent exhibition of the Galicia Jewish Museum in Kraków. The exhibition is innovative in museological terms. It is not about the Jewish history of Galicia, nor is it arranged using conventional chronology, nor is it comprehensive. Rather it is divided into five sections, based on a five-part set of ideas, simple ideas intended to help visitors make sense of the complex realities surrounding the present-day situation of the Jewish heritage seventy-five years after the Holocaust. Let me now briefly outline how these five ideas are represented museologically, the five sections in which the exhibition is organized. The opening section directly presents the popular Jewish stereotype that post-Holocaust Poland is nothing but a vast Jewish graveyard. So this section of the exhibition consists entirely of the raw, shocking sight of desolation – for example, photos of ruined synagogues or ruined Jewish cemeteries. The 23 photos on show in this section include the appalling condition of the synagogue in Stary Dzików (a small town near the Ukrainian border) as it looked in the 1990s and of the devastated Jewish cemetery in Czarny Dunajec (a small town near the Slovak border) at that time. Emphasizing what has been lost by showing the Jewish past of Poland in ruins, and how in that sense the effects of the Holocaust on the built Jewish heritage are still visible, even today, is certainly a powerful and provocative way to begin an exhibition in a Jewish museum.
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Maggio, Agata, Josef Kuffer, and Maurizio Lazzari. "Advances and trends in bibliographic research: Examples of new technological applications for the cataloguing of the georeferenced library heritage." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 49, no. 3 (June 9, 2016): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000616652134.
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In the age of digital archives and online data consultation, bibliographic research is considered as a key tool for supporting scientific research and study. The online catalogue allows the achievement of more ambitious aims and global interest thanks to its ability to associate data relating to the geographic contextualization of the catalogued editorial products (deduced from the title and content) with the search for more traditional bibliographic data through the inclusion of a specific and standardized ‘field’. Successively, the locations identified by the cataloguer are georeferenced by using GIS applications, which allows the simultaneous view of the distribution of global and local geographical contexts specific for each item owned by a library, archive or museum. The usefulness of such an application lies in the possibility for the library to have a greater awareness of its collection, thus permitting the acquisition of an additional element of evaluation in the management and planning of purchases and donations. In this way, the ability to filter the information from OPAC search will be combined with the basic research carried out by the user by selecting only the libraries in possession of works related to a specific geographical context, involved in different specific studies (literature, landscape, environment). Although this ability is still limited to a few specific studies, the use of tools that allow an overview of the geographical distribution of places could represent an operating standard through the definition of a special protocol. These tools are now used mostly in experimental studies in which the use of open source software has enabled the creation of maps. This paper shows the state of the art of the applications worldwide presenting experimental case studies (i.e. Coos Bay, Oregon; Basilicata, Italy) and also suggests different applications in the field of national and international protocols of library cataloguing.
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Afkhami, Behrouz. "Interpretive approach to applied archaeology and its status in Iran." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 7, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-08-2015-0029.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to applied archaeology and interpretive methods for Iranian traditional archaeology. Applied archaeology is based on a holistic approach providing rational approaches in the field of cultural heritage preservation and sustainable use of the potential of cultural heritage with the participation of the people. This paper aims to create social good standing archaeology knowledge with respect to Iranian archaeology experts. Design/methodology/approach In this survey study, data collection was accomplished using a questionnaire. The sample consists of professors, PhD students, post-graduate fellows, and educated experts of the Iranian Tourism, Handicrafts and Cultural Heritage Organization. Findings Applied archaeology as a provider of situations, positions and employment opportunities for archaeologists has not been considered seriously in the Iranian archaeological education. Traditional education emphasizes the cultural history and field techniques; hence it does not consist of critical areas of heritage codes, protection and budget management, business skill and the most important, interpretation and consequently sustainable development. Iranian archaeologists agree with the findings of the applied archaeology. Evaluation of their opinions reveals that they agree with all applied archaeology items of the questionnaire. Originality/value As an approach, applied archaeology can be proactive and improve the status of archaeology in the Iranian field of cultural heritage, and representations of outputs such as site-museum and sustainable use of them which ultimately fulfil social, economic and even political-identity purposes, then applied archaeology can be a constructive element in archaeology and prevent vandalism and looting in cultural heritage.
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Angeli, Daniela De, Daniel J. Finnegan, Lee Scott, and Eamonn O’neill. "Unsettling Play." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 14, no. 2 (June 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3431925.
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In this article, we propose Agonistic Games (AGs) as a serious games subcategory that can stimulate critical reflection on topics of dark heritage through multiperspectivity and unsettling play. We first discuss the emerging topic of agonism in memory studies, and then how games can be used to support its objectives. We then discuss the development of two original AGs: Endless Blitz and Umschlagplatz ’43. We explore whether these two AGs were perceived as capable of stimulating critical reflection by collecting data from visitors to the exhibition “Krieg. Macht. Sinn” at the Ruhr Museum in Germany where the games were installed, and from participants in an online course describing the games. From analysing data collected, we outline four factors inhibiting the capacity of AGs to stimulate critical reflection (topic, context, design, and assumptions about games) and propose strategies for overcoming these inhibitors. Our findings are valuable to scholars, game researchers, and designers, strengthening the foundations for the design and development of future AGs.
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Brajato, Nicola, and Alexander Dhoest. "Practices of resistance: The Antwerp fashion scene and Walter Van Beirendonck’s subversion of masculinity." Critical Studies in Men’s Fashion 7, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2020): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/csmf_00017_1.
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The existing literature on the evolution of the Antwerp fashion scene is mainly concerned with the development of the Fashion Academy pedagogy from tradition to avant-garde, the role of the famous ‘Antwerp Six’ in putting the city under the international fashion spotlight, and the making of a specific cultural heritage which up to today continues to inspire young fashion designers. However, less has been said about its contribution to the redefinition of gender, and more specifically of masculinity. Consequently, the aim of the article is to contextualize Antwerp as a site for ‘creative resistance’ against the middle-class ideas of fashion, body and identity through the figure of Belgian designer Walter Van Beirendonck, articulating his contribution in deconstructing the normative understanding of the relationship between fashion and masculinity, providing a new metaphor to think about the process of body fashioning in everyday life. Therefore, Van Beirendonck’s creative practices as a sartorial form of resistance against the bourgeois understanding of masculinity and sexuality will be investigated through a qualitative analysis of visual and audio-visual archive materials generously provided by MoMu, the Antwerp fashion museum, showing how his creations are successful in stretching bodily borders and forming non-conventional masculinities. Far from offering an exhaustive overview of the field, the article constitutes a starting point for the understanding of a particular way of seeing the relationship between fashion, body and gender identity in the Antwerp fashion scene. Furthermore, it aims to stress the urgency to analyse the relevance of fashion in tackling issues of masculinity and the clothed body.
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Welch, Michael. "Signs of trouble: Semiotics, streetscapes, and the Republican struggle in the North of Ireland." Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 16, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741659018822939.
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Just as the political divisions in the North of Ireland are subject to ongoing critique, so too is its culture that maintains what scholars recognize as contested heritage. Ethno-political symbols, such as flags and murals, not only point to certain identities but also mark their territory. Whereas those emblems have been the subject of extensive research, political posters remain an overlooked source of rich iconography. This article fills that void by examining a collection of posters on display at the Irish Republican History Museum in West Belfast. The posters, in their original incarnation, emboldened the streetscapes of urban zones during “the Troubles”—a euphemism used to depict sectarian violence from the 1960s to the 1990s. In their afterlife, those posters have been preserved as material artefacts consumed by political tourists interested in gaining insight into the dissonance of heritage. Semiotics—the study of signs—provides a theoretical paradigm for this interpretation of the posters and their meaning. Moreover, Juri Lotman’s notion of the semiosphere (semiotic space) adds a deeper layer of analysis by directing critical attention to the role of the boundary where the performance of signs is most intense.
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Zaini, Mohd Syafiq, Mohd Sohaimi Esa, Saifulazry Mokhtar, and Irma Wani Othman. "BEHIND THE IDEA AND INFLUENCE OF MUSEOLOGY IN THE WORLD AND MALAYSIAN MUSEUM INSTITUTIONS." Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Environment Management 7, no. 30 (December 15, 2022): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jthem.730010.
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Museology is basically a field of study referring to museum institutions. From the historical aspect as well as their basic philosophy, their goals and policies and functions either from the point of view of education, politics or even social roles. Museology can be said to be a relatively new discipline whose prevalence is largely an intellectual product of the 20th century. However, it is certain that the concept of Museology has existed at least since the 17th century, where the development of the idea of museology appears to have developed along with the early development of the museum. During that period of time, museology has helped the development of museum institutions either in terms of concept or in terms of museum management. The change of museums from institutions that are only focused on the conservation and restoration of artefact collections, now they are community-oriented (community-oriented), becoming exhibition spaces and platforms for dialogue and communication in general with visitors. This study uses a qualitative method by analysing the data of studies on the development of museology in the field of museology. The focus of the study focuses on the definition, background and what is the significance and influence of museology in museum institutions in Malaysia. The results of the study show that the museum provides significant theoretical and practical museum aspects. Practical practice is a priority in the management of museum work to produce professionals in the field of museums while the existing theoretical will play a role as criticism needed to implement improvements and guidance to museum management because the museum's function as a treasure heritage institution can be implemented well. In addition, museology has also applied critical thinking to social and political issues. In the context of Malaysia, museology has called for the removal of all colonial influences in museum institutions through the implementation of decolonization after the country achieved independence. Then it changed the museum from colonialism, now it has been used as a tool for nation building in uniting a multi-ethnic and cultural society.
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Akimchenkov, V. V. ""I HAVE EXPERIENCED ALL THE BEAUTIES OF RUSSIAN PRISONS": MOISEI GINZBURG‘S EXILE TO PINEGA." History: facts and symbols, no. 3 (September 14, 2021): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2410-4205-2021-28-3-52-61.
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To date, there are no studies in Russian and foreign historiography that would objectively cover the individual stages of the biography of the Russian and Soviet philosopher, historian and publicist Moisei Isaakovich Gintsburg (Dayan) (1877-1940). A significant body of his scientific heritage remains not involved in the research field, which is represented by developments on the history of the Jews, the study of the archaeological monuments of the Crimea and the issues of museum affairs in the USSR, which actualizes the topic of this study. The article analyzes in detail the initial period of biography M. I. Gintsburg, associated with revolutionary activities in the early twentieth century. Based on the analysis of a new corpus of archival sources from the funds of the State Archive of the Arkhangelsk Region, the period of M. I. Gintsburg's stay in exile in the territory of the Arkhangelsk province in 1903-1905 is restored. In synthesis with the documents that we have identified in the collections of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, we were able to characterize the period of his political and revolutionary activity in the ranks of the General Jewish Workers Union in Lithuania, Poland and Russia (Bund). The classification of the obtained data allowed us to restore the ideas about the political views of M. I. Gintsburg in the context of the brewing revolutionary situation in the Russian Empire. The new archival documents discovered and involved in the research field, as well as the description of the processes and phenomena described above, made it possible to supplement and interpret a new body of informative material on the history of key historical processes in the territory of the Russian Empire during the revolutionary upheavals of the early twentieth century.
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Brasher, Jordan P. "The crisis of Confederate memory in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil." Memory Studies 14, no. 6 (December 2021): 1314–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17506980211054336.
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The crisis over Confederate memory in the United States has dominated international headlines since the tragic events of racist violence associated with the 2017 Charlottesville tragedy. Yet the scale of debate and attention paid to this crisis has been mostly limited to the United States, despite the globalized nature of Confederate memory politics. Little known is the fact that after the US Civil War, several thousand ex-Confederates migrated to Brazil where descendants still celebrate their heritage with a festival that draws thousands to a rural area of São Paulo state. A descendant-curated museum also narrates the Confederate migration. Drawing on work in critical settler colonial and comparative racial and ethnic studies, the “transcultural turn” in memory studies, and a year of fieldwork, this article traces the crisis of Confederate memory to the interior of São Paulo, Brazil, and explores the global impact the 2017 Charlottesville tragedy has had on Confederate commemoration.
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Kovycheva, Elena Ivanovna, Irina Alekseevna Kosareva, and Swetlana Dmitrievna Smirnova. "EDUCATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN THE FIELD OF FOLK ARTISTIC CRAFTS AND DECORATIVE-APPLIED ARTS IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 16, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2022-16-1-180-192.
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The subject of the article is a historical process of teaching folk artistic crafts and decorative-applied arts in the Vyatka province and the modern Udmurt Republic. The research source was archive documents, reports of craftsman houses and centers, reports of educational institutions, published editions. The article studies the influence of the first exhibition events of the mentioned zemstvo and the first handicraft museum on the improvement of skills of artists from the people; describes the opening of training workshops, schools and classes for craftsmen teaching. The article indicates the reasons for the decay of traditional art craftwork during the period from 1930 to 1990, and the circumstances of the formation of new conditions for their development during the post-Soviet period. In the article, modern forms of specialist training in this field are represented based on the example of interaction between professional educational organizations, industrial enterprises, cultural institution. The growth factors of skills level among the specialists of craftwork centers and houses in the Udmurt Republic have been determined. Methodological cooperation and promotion of folk masters' art have been studied in the system of supplementary education. The article analyzes the interaction between scholars and specialists of craftwork centers while creating programs for teaching traditional types of decorative-applied art, enhancing the population engagement with national folk crafts as a cultural heritage of ancestors.
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Andrade Justi, Silvia, John Soghigian, David B. Pecor, Laura Caicedo-Quiroga, Wiriya Rutvisuttinunt, Tao Li, Lori Stevens, Patricia L. Dorn, Brian Wiegmann, and Yvonne-Marie Linton. "From e-voucher to genomic data: Preserving archive specimens as demonstrated with medically important mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and kissing bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 25, 2021): e0247068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247068.
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Scientific collections such as the U.S. National Museum (USNM) are critical to filling knowledge gaps in molecular systematics studies. The global taxonomic impediment has resulted in a reduction of expert taxonomists generating new collections of rare or understudied taxa and these large historic collections may be the only reliable source of material for some taxa. Integrated systematics studies using both morphological examinations and DNA sequencing are often required for resolving many taxonomic issues but as DNA methods often require partial or complete destruction of a sample, there are many factors to consider before implementing destructive sampling of specimens within scientific collections. We present a methodology for the use of archive specimens that includes two crucial phases: 1) thoroughly documenting specimens destined for destructive sampling—a process called electronic vouchering, and 2) the pipeline used for whole genome sequencing of archived specimens, from extraction of genomic DNA to assembly of putative genomes with basic annotation. The process is presented for eleven specimens from two different insect subfamilies of medical importance to humans: Anophelinae (Diptera: Culicidae)—mosquitoes and Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)—kissing bugs. Assembly of whole mitochondrial genome sequences of all 11 specimens along with the results of an ortholog search and BLAST against the NCBI nucleotide database are also presented.
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Girgenti, G. M., and A. Alessio. "A 3D REWORKING OF THE URBAN TRANSFORMATIONS OF PALERMO IN RECENT HISTORY FOR A HYPOTHESIS OF A "CITY MUSEUM" BASED ON DIGITAL VISUALIZATIONS." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences VIII-M-1-2021 (August 27, 2021): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-viii-m-1-2021-81-2021.
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Abstract. The objective that drives this research is given by a multitude of information which, in addition to the contribution of technology, allows us to study, analyze, verify and remodel the sites, monuments and evolutions of the city through graphic processes of perspective restitution that start from the analysis of historical photos. The drawing methods, the digital graphic rendering and through the aid of geometric techniques, contribute to the reconstruction of projects and architectures that are now lost, this is possible thanks to the methods of perspective, axonometry and three-dimensional restitution.This remarkable photographic heritage belonging to Palermo, but also to any other city in the world that is sometimes not even considered in the least or that is even forgotten in archives today finds new life thanks to the perspective restitution. Shooting and photographic images following particular studies, allow us to precisely establish the observation points and the dimensions of architectures that have now disappeared, giving them new life through the transposition and reconstruction of the same within a “memory archive three-dimensional”.In order to describe the transformations of the city, both urban and architectural, we have taken as a case study an architecture that has now been lost in the city of Palermo: villa Rutelli. It was a neo-Gothic villa, built in the first twenty years of the twentieth century on the axis of Via Libertà and demolished in the 1960s along with other buildings of the Palermitan Liberty during the years of the infamous "sack of Palermo". Through the iconographic and archival research at the CRICD and the Bronzetti fund (photographer) and with the aid of research and cataloging studies, illustrative material emerged which was useful for reworking the particularities of the model through the perspective restitution.
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Arslanov, Rafael A., and Elena V. Linkova. "The History of the Russo-French Relations in the First Quarter of the 19th Century in the Documents from the Joseph de Maistre`s fond in the Archive of Savoy." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2018): 604–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-2-604-618.
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The article presents an overview of epistolary heritage and other documents of French thinker, diplomat, and writer Joseph de Maistre, which are stored in the Archive of Savoy (Chambery, France). The Savoy Archive is a major research center which contains in its personal provenance fonds correspondence, essays, notes, and dispatches of J. de Maistre. Chambery was the Savoy thinker’s hometown, a place where his personality and views were formed and where his complex life path began. The authors analyze the main problems that worried J. de Maistre and were reflected in his works and letters which may be found in the archive of Chambery. While working with archival documents, the authors used source studies methods: firstly, such general scientific methods as retrospective and analytical approach; secondly, comparative analyses; thirdly, source studies methods, such as critical and heuristic approach. These methods have allowed to analyze the epistolary legacy of J. de Maistre, to identify the yet unpublished sources and interpret them. All these documents help to reveal the circle of his Russian correspondents. The research allows to interpret the views of the French philosopher, one of the founders of political conservatism. The authors emphasize that it was in Russia that he created his main works that influenced the emerging Russian conservative socio-political thought. The study of archival fonds helps to determine his social circle while serving in Russia (1803-1817) as a Sardinian envoy. The analysis of these documents assesses his influence on the Russian political elite and Emperor Alexander I himself. These documents have great value for a number of reasons. Firstly, they allow to trace the evolution of Joseph de Maistre`s views, his career, social and political activities; secondly, they reflect the Russo-French relations in one of most crucial periods of the European history, that of the Napoleonic wars. The authors point out that formation and evolution of Napoleon Bonaparte's image in Russia was closely connected with the name of Joseph de Maistre. Thus, it is important to study the heritage of the French emigrants, the French at the Russian Emperor’s serve or on a diplomatic mission in St. Petersburg. Studying de Maistre’s views allows not only to monitor his ideological attitudes and their evolution, but also to identify the mechanisms of their adoption in Russia. The accumulated scientific material allows the authors to come to certain conclusions, which are valuable for studying not just J. de Maistre’s views and influence, but also Russo-French relations in the Napoleonic era. Thus, the analysis of archival materials of the J. de Maistre`s fond significantly expands our understanding of international relations in early 19th century, interaction of two cultures, history of the Russian socio-political thought.