Journal articles on the topic 'Critical control risk management'
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Atkins, P. Mardeen. "Reducing Risks Through Quality Improvement, Infection Control, and Risk Management." Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America 7, no. 4 (December 1995): 733–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5885(18)30367-8.
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Molotsi, Tebogo, and Tankiso Moloi. "Risk management and control: Human resources risks in a merged academic institution." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 2 (2015): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i2_c1_p9.
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This paper measured the mood of College of Science, Engineering and Technology (CSET) academics following the merger between University of South Africa (UNISA), Vista University Distance Education Campus (VUDEC) and Technikon SA (TSA). The formulated statements, potential human resources related risks with association to the statements were articulated. The results obtained from the survey indicated that had the risk assessment been undertaken in CSET, the risk of losing/ retaining critical skills, corporate memory, and the inability to attract these critical skills to CSET could have been higher on the risk dashboard following the post-merger of UNISA, VUDEC and TSA.
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Yudha Adi Kusuma and Aan Zainal Muttaqin. "Asset Management Based on Risk Control and Information Systems." Jurnal Sistem Teknik Industri 24, no. 2 (July 29, 2022): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jsti.v24i2.6909.
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Asset management is needed in asset inventory. The preparation of an asset inventory is taken into account the aspects of asset management and risk management. The measurement results with SEM obtained APC values and values < 0.05 and AVIF < 5 so that the relationship between the criteria for asset management and risk management has a significant effect on the design of asset information systems. Measurement of risk management obtained 4 critical risks that affect the design of asset information systems. One of the asset information systems that meet the criteria of being integrated, easy to manage, and easy to update the data is a QR code-based check sheet. Its use in a small scope is easier to implement than using a database system.
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Sales, Xavier. "Managing strategic risks from management control approach." Corporate Ownership and Control 7, no. 4 (2010): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv7i4sip2.
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It is this conceptual paper’s intention to show the use of a management control approach to managing strategic risks. This theoretical work presents and conceptualizes strategic risk, categorizes strategic risks (examples taken from financial industry are used) and presents a management control framework to manage with these risks strategically. The paper illustrates the need to identify strategic risks proactively and to integrate risk management tools into overall company strategic management. It suggests that risk management is critical for an organization’s survival; it needs to have a company-wide strategic approach and backed by the top management of the organization. The paper also suggests that shareholders are ultimately responsible for the way the risks their companies face are managed. The recent financial crisis has generated a considerable amount of discussion around what regulators can do or could have done, while forgetting proper controls system by owners (shareholders) to influence and control the behavior of the managers of their own companies.
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Boyson, Sandor. "Cyber supply chain risk management: Revolutionizing the strategic control of critical IT systems." Technovation 34, no. 7 (July 2014): 342–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2014.02.001.
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Selleck, Roberta, Maureen Hassall, and Marcus Cattani. "Determining the Reliability of Critical Controls in Construction Projects." Safety 8, no. 3 (September 7, 2022): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety8030064.
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Across the global construction industry, fatalities continue to occur from high-risk activities, where the risk controls have been defined; however, these were unreliable. In the mining industry, Critical Control Risk Management has provided positive results in reducing major accidents, which raises the question, could the Critical Control approach reduce the fatality rate in the construction industry? This study analyzed 10 years of serious and fatal incident investigation reports from four international construction companies to (i) assess the reliability of their Critical Controls (CCs) and (ii) assess the factors that affect the reliability of CCs. The results show the reliability of CCs, measured by implementation and effectiveness, averaged just 42%. Insight into human performance and organizational factors, including risk identification, decision-making and competency, together with supervision, job planning and communication, were identified as opportunities to improve the reliability of CCs. The study used bowtie diagrams with real event data to find the actual CC reliability. This appears to be the first published study that reports on the reliability of critical risk controls in construction. It demonstrates a feasible method for determining and communicating control effectiveness that can be used to deliver meaningful insights to industry practitioners on actual control performance and focus areas for improvement. In addition, actionable findings directly related to individual CCs can be derived that enable the participating organization to focus resources on improving specific verification processes. The results confirm the applicability of CCs for the Major Accident Event hazards analyzed and highlights that further reviews are required on the factors that need to be considered when implementing a CC program. This paper details our methodology and results, to assist others applying CCs as a risk management tool.
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ABBASS, Wissam, Zineb BAKRAOUY, Amine BAINA, and Mostafa BELLAFKIH. "Intelligent Risk Management framework." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 8, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v8.i3.pp278-285.
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The Internet of Things(IoT) is rapidly increasing and enhancing today’s world by introducing a large set of interconnected devices. Several beneficial services are produced by these devices as for area monitoring and process control. However, IoT security is still a major problem. In fact, IoT’ security beggings largely whith an effective Risk Management process. However, the essense of this process is to acquire a risk inventory cibling the IoT devices. Nevertheless, it is quite difficult to obtaining this latter which significantly adds complication issues to the Risk Management.Without the ability of holisticly identify the IoT critical devices, inaccurate Risk Management is achieved which leads unfortunately to novel risk exposures. Traditional Risk-based approaches fails drastically at apprending IoT’ potential attacks. The dynamic structure, the heteregouns nature of devices, the various security objectives and infrastructure pervasiveness are key factors impacting the overall perfomance. Thus, a holistic Risk Management witihin the IoT is indispensable. Accordingly, we propose an intelligent Risk Management framework using Mobile Agents in order to deliver preventive and responsive assessment.
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Carvalho, Maria Carolina, Rui Gonçalves, Renato Lopes da Costa, Leandro Ferreira Pereira, and Alvaro Dias. "Contributions of Artificial Intelligence in Operational Risk Management." International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 18, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiit.296237.
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Considering the last decades and several economic crises, Operational Risk is a rising area and companies are slowly realizing that the more they invest on it, the less profits they lose. Artificial Intelligence is the critical topic of the century, wide enough to cover all conceivable areas, bringing easy, cheaper, and more precise ways of doing tasks. This paper reflects the progresses of implementing Artificial Intelligence technologies in the control of Operational Risks. The qualitative research revealed the deficiency of investment, as well as the absence of information concerning the progresses on the AI technologies applicable to OpRisk controls. Obstacles as the lack of human resources capabilities and prioritising other sectors are impediments to this automation. Companies must invest in the OpRisk departments, considering the existing AI solutions that allow the maturation of OpRisk controls and, therefore, to mitigate losses that occur from them.
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Balakin, S. V., and B. I. Dolintse. "Risk assessment in computer networks inherent in critical infrastructures." Problems of Informatization and Management 2, no. 70 (June 24, 2022): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/2073-4751.70.16840.
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This work is devoted to the problem of risk assessment in computer networks that are inherent in critical infrastructures. The work shows the place of the risk assessment process in the global risk management process, as well as its goals, content and objectives. The most important infrastructure nodes and their interrelations are considered. The system of security indicators proposed for risk assessment in computer networks of critical infrastructures. Aspects of risk management of exceeding critical state variables of the threshold values of the crisis range for the object's information technology infrastructure are considered. The main research methods included structural and system analysis. The authors identified the main security threats in automated control systems, and also proposed methods for calculating their stability.
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Petrillo, Antonella, Roberta Fusco, Vincenza Granata, Salvatore Filice, Nicola Raiano, Daniela Maria Amato, Maria Zirpoli, et al. "Risk Management in Magnetic Resonance: Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/763186.
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The aim of the study was to perform a risk management procedure in “Magnetic Resonance Examination” process in order to identify the critical phases and sources of radiological errors and to identify potential improvement projects including procedures, tests, and checks to reduce the error occurrence risk. In this study we used the proactive analysis “Failure Mode Effects Criticality Analysis,” a qualitative and quantitative risk management procedure; has calculated Priority Risk Index (PRI) for each activity of the process; have identified, on the PRI basis, the most critical activities and, for them, have defined improvement projects; and have recalculated the PRI after implementation of improvement projects for each activity. Time stop and audits are performed in order to control the new procedures. The results showed that the most critical tasks of “Magnetic Resonance Examination” process were the reception of the patient, the patient schedule drafting, the closing examination, and the organization of activities. Four improvement projects have been defined and executed. PRI evaluation after improvement projects implementation has shown that the risk decreased significantly following the implementation of procedures and controls defined in improvement projects, resulting in a reduction of the PRI between 43% and 100%.
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Jolkifli, Hjh Zuliza Hj, and Ranimah H. A. Wahab. "Ballast Water Control and Management in Brunei Darussalam." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 35, no. 1-2 (September 15, 2018): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.466.
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The ongoing transfer of non-indigenous organisms through shipping, especially via ballast water transport, is placing marine and coastal resources under increased threat. The transport of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) is a critical issue which may cause irreversible consequences to receiving environments and economies needing particular attention. The main objective of this paper is to highlight the importance for implementation of ballast water management measures in Brunei Darussalam. This paper recognised IAS intrusion via ballast water has high probability to have direct effects on the economic value of fisheries sector, thus the need for an effective ballast water management strategy. Management of ballast water is a complex issue and horizontal policy is the appropriate approach for building this management framework in addition to valid baseline and efficient monitoring. Further studies such as development risk assessment model and assessment of different management measures are critical for an effective prevention, eradication and control strategy.
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Slyva, Yuliia. "Development of an algorithm for evaluation of a comprehensive risk management indicator in food safety management systems." Technology audit and production reserves 2, no. 3(58) (April 30, 2021): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.230243.
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The object of research is risk management in food safety management systems. The subject of the study is individual indicators, criteria and a comprehensive indicator of risk management for food safety. One of the most problematic areas is the lack of a common methodology for food safety risk assessment for the development, implementation and operation of food safety management systems. This leads to the fact that it is impossible to properly assess the risk groups depending on the object of management: – unintentional threats (HACCP concept – hazard analysis and critical control points); – intentional threats (concepts VACCP – vulnerability analysis and critical control points, TACCP – threat analysis and critical control points). And evaluate the overall effectiveness of the food safety management system. The study used methods of systems analysis and mathematical modeling as the main research method in all fields of knowledge. As well as a scientifically sound method of assessing the characteristics of complex systems used for decision-making in various fields of economic, managerial and social activities. The proposed in the work algorithm allows to quantify the level of risk management in the food safety management system by such groups as unintentional and intentional threats, taking into account the general indicators of the criteria and their factors. The overall criterion for unintentional threats, which are identified using HACCP principles, is determined by three criteria: microbiological threats, chemical threats and control measures, which in turn include a number of factors. The general indicator of the criterion for intentional threats, which are identified using the principles of VAССР and TAССР, is also determined by three criteria: opportunities, motivation and control measures, which in turn have a separate number of factors. The obtained algorithm allows to determine the levels of risk management and serve as an effective tool for obtaining objective information about the effectiveness of the implementation of the food safety management system. In contrast to existing methods of food safety risk assessment, which are based only on the management of unintentional threats, the proposed algorithm allows to take into account the impact of intentional threats – fraud and bioterrorism. And consider food safety risks comprehensively and develop options for improving management measures.
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Bricknell, L. K., B. J. Blaney, and J. Ng. "Risk management for mycotoxin contamination of Australian maize." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 3 (2008): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06096.
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Recent incidents of mycotoxin contamination (particularly aflatoxins and fumonisins) have demonstrated a need for an industry-wide management system to ensure Australian maize meets the requirements of all domestic users and export markets. Results of recent surveys are presented, demonstrating overall good conformity with nationally accepted industry marketing standards but with occasional samples exceeding these levels. This paper describes mycotoxin-related hazards inherent in the Australian maize production system and a methodology combining good agricultural practices and the hazard analysis critical control point framework to manage risk.
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Wood, Andy, Ying He, Leandros A. Maglaras, and Helge Janicke. "A security architectural pattern for risk management of industry control systems within critical national infrastructure." International Journal of Critical Infrastructures 13, no. 2/3 (2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcis.2017.088229.
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Maglaras, Leandros A., Helge Janicke, Andy Wood, and Ying He. "A security architectural pattern for risk management of industry control systems within critical national infrastructure." International Journal of Critical Infrastructures 13, no. 2/3 (2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcis.2017.10009242.
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Fournier, Susan, and Shuba Srinivasan. "Branding and the Risk Management Imperative." GfK Marketing Intelligence Review 10, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gfkmir-2018-0002.
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Abstract In an increasingly risky socioeconomic environment, management needs to proactively consider brand-related risks. To understand brands as tools for risk management, they need to understand four types of brand risk: brand reputation risk, brand dilution risk, brand cannibalization risk and brand stretch risk. Risk management is not a natural act for brand managers trained in astute execution of the 4 Ps, and contemporary market factors make this more challenging still. With an increasingly polarized society, it is almost impossible for brands to remain untouched by ideologies. In addition, the growth in digital advertising gives brand managers less control over advertising placement and context, and the mandate to keep growing adds executional risk. The more exposed a brand is to brand risk, the more attention this topic will need in the boardroom. To shift a company’s marketing philosophy toward risk, it is important to define marketing competences in a broader way, to be self-critical and to be proactive.
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Jubayer, Md Fahad, Md Sajjad Hossain, Md Al-Emran, and Md Nasir Uddin. "Implementation of HACCP Management System in a Cake Manufacturing Company in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Case Study." Journal of Food Quality 2022 (March 9, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5321333.
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The study aims to provide technical information on the development and application of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) in one of the popular cake manufacturing companies in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A generic HACCP plan in accordance with legal requirements was created after a detailed analysis of data collected from the company. Every step of the production process was examined for biological, chemical, and physical hazards. The prerequisite program was designed to address some hazards prior to production, thereby simplifying the HACCP plan. The critical control points were determined by answering the questions in the decision trees. Finally, the HACCP control chart was created to include critical limits, monitoring, and corrective actions as the components of several HACCP principles. One critical control point (CCP) and two operational prerequisite programs (oPRPs) were identified throughout the manufacturing process. This is the first HACCP study aimed at a cake manufacturing company, and it is expected that it would assist process engineers and quality control specialists in designing and implementing control measures.
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GENUS, AUDLEY, and ANNE-MARIE COLES. "FIRM STRATEGIES FOR RISK MANAGEMENT IN INNOVATION." International Journal of Innovation Management 10, no. 02 (June 2006): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919606001429.
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Analysis of potential risks is fundamental to technology development, but the definition and control of such risks are often problematic. This paper examines the issues concerned, aiming for an improved understanding of how the evaluation of risk shapes the emergence of new technology. The paper highlights different firm strategies taken towards evaluating risky technology, working from the micro-level of project management, and drawing on relevant qualitative case studies. Some contributors call for a meshing of analysis of macro-level technology policy objectives with an understanding of the micro-level activity of project planning. However, it is concluded that this can only be facilitated by first improving our understanding of theoretical perspectives and risk assessment practices at the firm level, since the firm remains critical to the generation and evaluation of new technology.
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Kosamu, Ishmael, Chikumbusko Kaonga, and Wells Utembe. "A Critical Review of the Status of Pesticide Exposure Management in Malawi." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 15, 2020): 6727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186727.
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Pesticides pose a significant risk to humans and the environment. This paper analyzes the measures used to manage pesticides in Malawi. Malawi’s regulatory authority of pesticides, the Pesticides Control Board (PCB), faces a number of challenges including lack of facilities for analyzing pesticides and inadequate personnel to conduct risk assessment of pesticides. The PCB needs to provide access to information and opportunities among the public to make contributions regarding requirements, processes and policies for assessing pesticide risk and efficacy. There is also a need to enhance the capacity of PCB to assess pesticide poisoning in workers, monitor pesticide residues in food and environmental contamination, as well as to control the illegal importation and sale of pesticides. Just like in other countries such as South Africa, India and Sri Lanka, Malawi urgently needs to implement measures that can restrict the importation, production, sale and use of very toxic pesticides. Malawi also needs to develop measures for the effective management of pesticide waste containers as well as obsolete pesticides, where potential solutions include reducing the purchase of (unneeded) pesticides, treatment of obsolete pesticides in high-temperature cement kilns, as well as requesting pesticide dealers to adopt life-cycle management of their products.
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Liu, Yang, and Yan Li. "Risk Management of Construction Schedule by PERT with Monte Carlo Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 1646–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.1646.
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It has been proved that the construction schedule management was an uncertain problem. Traditional CPM method was a good way to define the total duration and critical paths but can not solve uncertainty. The paper use CPM to define the duration and critical path firstly, then defined the parameters with Delphi and make Monte Carlo simulation. Through simulation results, it is found that the probability to finish the work on time was only 35.3%. The following step is to make sensitivity analysis, through the calculation, the work which has large influence was found and treat as key control points. It is proved that Monte Carlo simulation is useful to solve the problem of construction schedule management.
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Putilov, Vladimir A., Andrey V. Masloboev, and Vitaliy V. Bystrov. "Methodological foundations of security management information support of regional critical infrastructures." Transaction Kola Science Centre 12, no. 5-2021 (December 27, 2021): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2021.5.12.014.
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The unified methodological basis of information and analytical support of socio-economic security network-centric control in the region is proposed. The problem of regional security support is discussed at the level of risk-management of critical infrastructure resilience violation of the socio-economic systems. The methodology and tools for its implementation are aimed to information and analytical support of situational centers functioning in the region.
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Firdose, Salma, and L. Manjunath Rao. "PORM: Predictive Optimization of Risk Management to control Uncertainty Problems in Software Engineering." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 6 (December 1, 2018): 4735. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4735-4744.
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Irrespective of different research-based approaches toward risk management, developing a precise model towards risk management is found to be a computationally challenging task owing to critical and vague definition of the origination of the problems. This research work introduces a model called as PROM i.e. Predictive Optimization of Risk Management with the perspective of software engineering. The significant contribution of PORM is to offer a reliable computation of risk analysis by considering generalized practical scenario of software development practices in Information Technology (IT) industry. The proposed PORM system is also designed and equipped with better risk factor assessment with an aid of machine learning approach without having more involvement of iteration. The study outcome shows that PORM system offers computationally cost effective analysis of risk factor as assessed with respect to different quality standards of object oriented system involved in every software projects.
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Sylos Labini, Stefania. "Editorial: Challenging issues in risk governance and control." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 9, no. 4 (2020): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv9i4_editorial.
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The leitmotif of this fourth issue of the journal seems to revolve around the role of finance in the current context of climate change. Concerns about the disastrous effects of climate change affect many areas. The rapidity of climate change requires urgent action from governments, industries and businesses to build more resilient communities and reduce the impact of disasters. The most recent example is the disaster that is affecting Australia, with fires fueled by record temperatures and entrenched drought conditions. Coordinated national action is critical for managing the impacts of this phenomenon. Although the most immediate financial impact of catastrophic events regards the insurance sector, the whole world of finance is affected by these phenomena. In this context, areas of growing interest for scholars at the international level are sustainable finance, corporate social responsibility and insurance.
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Rajamäki, Jyri, and Aarne Hummelholm. "Ethical Resilience Management Framework for Critical Healthcare Information Infrastructure." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BIOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE 19 (April 4, 2022): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23208.2022.19.9.
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The growing complexity of the digital ecosystem in combination with increasing global risks involves various ethical issues associated with cybersecurity and resilience. This paper offers a conceptual resilience governance framework and design aspects for ethical and resilient cyber-physical e-health and e-wellbeing systems. Our safety and security thinking has been based on a supposition that inside defensive walls we are safe. The focus of our actions has been controlling our own systems, improvement of protection, and staying inside the protection. However, nobody can control complex large integrated cyber-physical systems, but on the other hand, coordination and cooperation is a salient point. In e-health and e-wellbeing, this means that the focus is shifting from the control and securing of health and welfare data in a silo to using that data to promote health and wellbeing worldwide in our connected world. On the other hand, we have an ethical need to complement the existing security and risk management knowledge base by developing frameworks and models where we are using, for example, artificial intelligence systems that enable network-wide flexibility and resilience management that strive to maintain and improve critical operations.
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Yago, Martín, and Silvia Alcover. "Selecting Statistical Procedures for Quality Control Planning Based on Risk Management." Clinical Chemistry 62, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 959–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.254094.
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Abstract BACKGROUND According to the traditional approach to statistical QC planning, the performance of QC procedures is assessed in terms of its probability of rejecting an analytical run that contains critical size errors (PEDC). Recently, the maximum expected increase in the number of unacceptable patient results reported during the presence of an undetected out-of-control error condition [Max E(NUF)], has been proposed as an alternative QC performance measure because it is more related to the current introduction of risk management concepts for QC planning in the clinical laboratory. METHODS We used a statistical model to investigate the relationship between PEDC and Max E(NUF) for simple QC procedures widely used in clinical laboratories and to construct charts relating Max E(NUF) with the capability of the analytical process that allow for QC planning based on the risk of harm to a patient due to the report of erroneous results. RESULTS A QC procedure shows nearly the same Max E(NUF) value when used for controlling analytical processes with the same capability, and there is a close relationship between PEDC and Max E(NUF) for simple QC procedures; therefore, the value of PEDC can be estimated from the value of Max E(NUF) and vice versa. QC procedures selected by their high PEDC value are also characterized by a low value for Max E(NUF). CONCLUSIONS The PEDC value can be used for estimating the probability of patient harm, allowing for the selection of appropriate QC procedures in QC planning based on risk management.
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Tishkov, S. V., E. V. Blynskaya, K. V. Alekseev, and V. K. Alekseev. "Features of risk analysis, assessment and control methods in pharmaceutical development." Russian Journal of Biotherapy 22, no. 1 (April 17, 2023): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9784-2023-22-1-28-41.
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Quality Risk Management (QRM) is an important aspect of pharmaceutical development in the Quality-by-Design paradigm, since it determines the Design Space, critical quality attributes and critical process attributes.The purpose of this review is to systematize and analyze the main aspects of the QRM system in relation to each element of pharmaceutical development. This review article discusses the following key elements of QRM such as: risk analysis, risk control, risk communication, risk verification. For risk analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of QRM tools such as Preliminary Hazard Analysis, Failure Mode Effects Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis are presented and analyzed, Hazard Operability Analysis and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points. In addition, a description of the methods of mathematical planning and design of experiments for pharmaceutical development and QRM is given and their significance for these systems is determined. Elements of QRM such as root cause analysis, brainstorming, and a corrective and preventive action procedure are given as risk control and mitigation tools.In this paper, the main stages of QRM are considered and conclusions are formulated regarding the main advantages and disadvantages of the methods of identification, analysis, control, risk reporting, and the main ways for further improvement of the presented system are proposed.
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Arnold, Jeffrey L. "Risk and Risk Assessment in Health Emergency Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 20, no. 3 (June 2005): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00002363.
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AbstractThis article considers the critical roles of risk and risk assessment in the management of health emergencies and disasters. The Task Force on Quality Control of Disaster Management (TFQCDM) has defined risk as the “objective (mathematical) or subjective (inductive) probability that something negative will occur (happen)”. Risks with the greatest relevance to health emergency management include: (1) the probability that a health hazard exists or will occur; (2) the probability that the hazard will become an event; (3) the probability that the event will lead to health damage; and (4) the probability that the health damage will lead to a health disaster. The overall risk of a health disaster is the product of these four probabilities.Risk assessments are the tools that help systems at risk—healthcare organizations, communities, regions, states, and countries—transform their visceral reactions to threats into rational strategies for risk reduction. Type I errors in risk assessment occur when situations are predicted that do not occur (risk is overestimated). Type II errors in risk assessment occur when situations are not predicted that do occur (risk is underestimated). Both types of error may have serious, even lethal, consequences.Errors in risk assessment may be reduced through strategies that optimize risk assessment, including the:(1) adoption of the TFQCDM definition of risk and other terms; (2) specification of the system at risk and situations of interest (hazard, event, damage, and health disaster); (3) adoption of a best practice approach to risk assessment methodology; (4) assembly of the requisite range of expert participants and information; (5) adoption of an evidence-based approach to using information; (6) exclusion of biased, irrelevant, and obsolete information; and (7) complete characterizations of any underlying fault and event trees.
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Zhyvylo, E. O., and D. G. Shevchenko. "RISK ASSESSMENT OF CYBER SECURITY AND CONTROL OF PRIVACY IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 75 (2022): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2022/75-07.
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The relevance of this work is due to the approval by the Administration of the State Service for Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine “Methodological recommendations for increasing the level of cyber protection of critical information infrastructure” in October 2021. The recommendations were developed based on the world's best approaches - the NIST CyberSecurity Framework. At the moment, the developed Recommendations of the State Special Communications Service have partially lost their relevance and require adjustment with the release of NIST Special Publication 800-53A Revision 5 “Assessing Security and Privacy Controls in Information Systems and Organizations” Governance Oversight”, publication date: January 2022. These documents complete the cycle of integrating cybersecurity risk management (CSRM) and enterprise risk management (ERM). These projects describe methods for combining risk information of all system assets, an organization (enterprise) network, including conditional examples for aggregating and normalizing results from cybersecurity risk registers (CSRR) taking into account risk parameters, criteria and impact on the continuous functioning of communication systems. As a result, the integration and normalization of risk information enables decision-making and monitoring of risks at all levels of the system, which allows you to create a comprehensive picture of the overall cyber risk. These documents describe the creation of an Organizational Risk Profile (ERP) that supports the comparison and management of cyber risks along with other risk types in general.Quite interesting are the views of the authors of the developed documents regarding the control of confidentiality associated with systems and their distribution environment, their functioning. It is substantiated that a qualitative system assessment helps to determine the existing controls contained in the organization in accordance with the security and confidentiality plan, which are subsequently used in organizational systems and the operating environment. In this environment, the assessment control is an indication of the implementation of specific steps in the risk management structure, which contributes around the clock to an effective approach to sustainable risk management processes by identifying weaknesses or deficiencies in systems, which allows the organization to determine how to respond to certain cyber threats. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of settling and implementing the norms and rules of international organizations in the field of cybersecurity and cyberdefence, it is proposed to analyze the above documents and put forward appropriate proposals for correcting and supplementing the previously approved State Communications “Methodological recommendations ...”. In turn, this will allow not only to ensure the protection of the state's critical information infrastructure from cyber attacks, but also to conduct preventive offensive operations in cyberspace, which includes disabling critical enemy infrastructure facilities by destroying communication systems that control such facilities.
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Silao, Jerald F., Ralph Lery Guerrero, Carlito Pantalunan, Christine Renomeron, and Salvador Loria Jr. "Pandemic Risk Management in Construction Projects." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.a5958.0710221.
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Construction projects undergo critical stages resulting to circumstances with high uncertainty and risk, which has been escalated by the pandemic. As the pandemic continues to overwhelm the world, its negative effects to construction industry are clearly manifested. Health and safety risks in previous studies and researchers are not risk factors that has great impact to construction industry. However, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly increases the risks that needs intensive risk management techniques to continue construction operations. This study seeks to identify emerging risks and explored risk management techniques applied by construction companies in the Philippines in light of covid-19 pandemic. Findings of the study were based from a questionnaire survey on pandemic risk management in construction projects. Questionnaires were administered based on purposive sampling. Respondents were civil engineers and architects who are directly involved in management and administration of construction projects. The data obtained were analyzed and presented through frequency table and charts. As concluded, health and safety risk are the main risks factors that has effects on cost, time and quality of construction projects. Furthermore, these risks must be managed with great effort and coordination with the government to minimize its effects. In addition, the study is essential to construction industry to mitigate and control new emerging risk to ensure successful project completion.
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Qisthani, Nabila Noor, Syarif Hidayatuloh, and Yulinda Uswatun Kasanah. "Analysis of Beef Halal Critical Points with Halal Logistics Approach and Risk Management." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri 22, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jiti.v22i1.20617.
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The increase in the number of certified halal products shows the Indonesian people's increasing level of awareness of the halalness of a product. In addition, people are also increasingly curious about all the activities involved along the supply chain to ensure whether the products they buy are genuinely halal. One of the consumer products that need to be traced to the halal supply chain is beef products because there is a risk of contamination throughout the supply chain from raw materials, production processes, distribution, storage and handling. Calculation of risk in this study will use the House of Risk (HOR) method. This research focuses on the process of inbound and outbound logistics and the beef slaughtering process at the Purwokerto Slaughterhouse. The results of this study obtained 26 risk events and 28 risk agents. Based on risk mapping using phase 1 and Pareto HOR diagrams, 11 risks are prioritized based on the highest ARP values, namely A15, A25, A19, A7, A5, A28, A6, A2, A16, A17, and A21. Moreover, it made 14 recommendations for mitigation actions that the company can apply to control these risks.
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Paciarotti, Claudia, Giovanni Mazzuto, and Davide D’Ettorre. "A revised FMEA application to the quality control management." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 31, no. 7 (July 29, 2014): 788–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-02-2013-0028.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a cost-effective, time-saving and easy-to-use failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) system applied on the quality control of supplied products. The traditional FMEA has been modified and adapted to fit the quality control features and requirements. The paper introduces a new and revised FMEA approach, where the “failure concept” has been modified with “defect concept.” Design/methodology/approach – The typical FMEA parameters have been modified, and a non-linear scale has been introduced to better evaluate the FMEA parameters. In addition, two weight functions have been introduced in the risk priority number (RPN) calculus in order to consider different critical situations previously ignored and the RPN is assigned to several similar products in order to reduce the problem of complexity. Findings – A complete procedure is provided in order to assist managers in deciding on the critical suppliers, the creation of homogeneous families overcome the complexity of single product code approach, in RPN definition the relative importance of factors is evaluated. Originality/value – This different approach facilitates the quality control managers acting as a structured and “friendly” decision support system: the quality control manager can easily evaluate the critical situations and simulate different scenarios of corrective actions in order to choose the best one. This FMEA technique is a dynamic tool and the performed process is an iterative one. The method has been applied in a small medium enterprise producing hydro massage bathtub, shower, spas and that commercializes bathroom furniture. The firm application has been carried out involving a cross-functional and multidisciplinary team.
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Kumar, Pramod, Lalit Kumar Singh, and Chiranjeev Kumar. "Software reliability analysis for safety‐critical and control systems." Quality and Reliability Engineering International 36, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 340–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qre.2577.
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Voblaya, I. N., and L. K. Grigoryan. "Risk management for telecommuting in the pandemic." Management Science 11, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2404-022x-2021-11-2-73-84.
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The paper discusses the essence and features of telecommuting, communication costs and the problems of implementing compliance procedures to reduce the costs and risks. The paper’s aim is to analyze the risks with the introduction of telecommuting procedures in Russian and foreign companies in the period of lockdown caused by the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Today, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a negative impact and create a critical situation in all spheres and industries, which causing destabilization of the economy and the labor market. One of the main recommendations of the World Health Organization is a physical distancing, limits of movements freedom, closure of some companies that are not vital, etc. Judging the above, the employer has to learn not only to carry out his activities, but also to survive in these conditions. This is the reason that many companies have to switch into the remote work process fully or partially as a temporary or alternative way of organizing work. The paper focuses on the directions and complexity of the tools choice for building connections between a workforce and management. Also, it analyzes the use of compliance to regulate communication relations, control communications and manage risks that arise from violations of the legislation, the regulations of regulators, the rules of self-regulatory organizations and internal documents. The authors compare a conception of compliance control, goals, processes, stages and effects of the use of the regulatory mechanism in the pandemic. Also, the authors give the respondents’ answers regarding the importance of compliance control, digital competencies for the high-quality performance of functions and communication at telecommuting. The results led to the conclusion that freelancing is not only a powerful incentive for changing employee’s behavior in conditions of uncertainty but also it brings an additional risk for all companies. Various digital monitoring tools aim to reflect the balance between security and personal freedom in the society infrastructure.
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Gao, Hui Qiao, and Li Na Guo. "Research on Resource Utilization of Urban Wastewater Based on HACCP System." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 3576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3576.
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Abstract. The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) were a systematic approach to identify and prevent hazards by constructing control system. The principles of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system and its application to urban water supply system were introduced. The critical limits, monitoring system and corrective actions for the CCPs were established, and improves the capability of quality control and risk management in the processes of wastewater to ensure human health and ecology.
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Roe, Emery, and Paul R. Schulman. "A reliability & risk framework for the assessment and management of system risks in critical infrastructures with central control rooms." Safety Science 110 (December 2018): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2017.09.003.
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Ackermann, Christo, and Ben Marx. "Internal audit risk management in metropolitan municipalities." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 6, no. 3 (2016): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rcgv6i3art7.
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Internal audit functions (IAFs) of organisations are regarded as crucial components of the combined assurance model, alongside the audit committee, management and external auditors. The combined assurance model aims at having integrated and aligned assurance in organisations with the overall aim of maximising risk and governance oversight and control efficiencies. In this regard, internal audit plays a crucial role, insofar as it consists of experts in risk, governance and control consultancy who provide assurance to senior management and the audit committee. Audit committees are dependent on internal audit for information and their effectiveness revolves around a strong and well-resourced internal audit function which is able to aid audit committees to meet their oversight responsibilities. There is thus a growing demand for managing risk through the process of risk management and internal audit is in a perfect position to assist with the improvement of such processes. If internal auditors wish to continue being an important aspect of the combined assurance model, they need to address the critical area, amongst others, of risk management as part of their work. If not, it follows that the board, audit committees and other levels of management will remain uninformed on the status of these matters which, in turn, will negatively impact the ability of these stakeholders to discharge their responsibilities. This study therefore focuses on analysing the functioning of IAFs, with specific reference to their risk management mandate. The study followed a mixed method approach to describe internal audits risk management functioning in the big eight metropolitan municipalities in South Africa. The results show that internal audit provide a broad scope of risk management work which assist senior management in the discharge of their responsibilities. However, in the public eye, internal audits risk management functioning is scant.
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Minter, Tessa, and Carlos Correia. "The governance of risk arising from the use of spreadsheets in organisations." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 4, no. 2 (2014): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv4i2art1.
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The key to maximising the effectiveness of spreadsheet models for critical decision making is appropriate risk governance. Those responsible for governance need, at a macro level, to identify the specific spreadsheet risks, determine the reasons for such exposures and establish where and when risk exposures occur from point of initiation to usage and storage. It is essential to identify which parties could create the exposure taking cognisance of the entire supply chain of the organisation. If management’s risk strategy is to control the risks then the question reverts to how these risks can be prevented and/or detected and corrected? This paper attempts to address each of these critical issues and to offer guidance in the governance of spreadsheet risk. The paper identifies the the risk exposures and sets out the responsibilities of directors in relation to spreadsheets and the spreadsheet cycle. Spreadsheet risk exposure can be managed in terms of setting the control environment, undertaking risk assessment, providing the requisite information and communicating with internal and external parties as well as implementing spreadsheet lifecycle application controls and monitoring activities.
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Kairat, Koshekov, Alibekkyzy Karlygash, Toiganbayev Beglan, Belginova Saule, Keribayeva Talshyn, Tulaev Viktor, and Koshekov Abai. "Formalization of risk management in the context of digital business transformation." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 30, no. 3 (June 1, 2023): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i3.pp1428-1439.
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The aim of the article is to develop a formal methodology for quantitative assessment of the quality of аcontrol in a closed system with feedback in the context of digital transformation. In the proposed study, attention is focused on assessing the quality of management in organizational and technical systems on the example of the aviation industry. The following hypotheses were adopted in the study: in the digital management of business processes of an economic entity, the role of intellectual support is acquired by methods of formal description of processes: control, decision-making and corrective action on the control object. In critical situations, the psychotype of the person making the decision acquires a decisive role. The study solves two scientific and practical problems: development of a formal method for quantitative assessment of the quality of management of a complex multi-criteria organizational and technical system under the conditions of statistical uncertainty of management agents, taking into account feedback in the management of an object; formalization of the process of quantitative assessment of decision-making risks in the environment of statistical uncertainty of control agents and psychological factors of the decision maker.
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Lin, Irene D., and John B. Hertig. "Risk control drives risk assessment and risk review: A cause and effect model of pharmaceutical drug recall on patient safety." Journal of Medicine Access 7 (January 2023): 275508342311700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/27550834231170075.
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Background: Pharmaceutical drug recall is a relentless issue that is composed of multidimensional criteria. The distinct criteria that contributed to drug recalls have been identified in previous literature; however, there is limited information regarding the causal relationships between each criterion. Highlighting key influential aspects and criteria of pharmaceutical drug recall is critical in addressing this ongoing issue and promoting patient safety. Objective: The objective of this study is as follows: (1) identify critical criteria of pharmaceutical drug recalls for improvements, (2) determine the interrelationships among the criteria, and (3) define the causal relationships of pharmaceutical drug recall and provide theoretical insights and practice recommendations to minimize risks associated with pharmaceutical recalls and maximize patient safety. Design: This study proposes five aspects and 42 criteria to identify the impact of pharmaceutical drug recalls on patient safety by evaluating the interrelationships between the criteria by employing the fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method. Methods: A group of 11 professionals across the pharmaceutical industry, hospitals, ambulatory care, regulatory authority, and community care settings were selected for interviews. Results: Risk control is the influencing aspect of pharmaceutical drug recalls that has the most substantial impact on risk assessment and risk review; it generates medium effects on risk communication and technology. Risk assessment, risk communication, and risk review demonstrated comparative weak interrelationships, while risk communication exhibits a weak unidirectional effect on risk review. Finally, risk assessment exerts a weak influence on technology application and development. Product contamination, product subpotent or superpotent, injury to patients, product not sterile or impure, and system detectability of hazards have the strongest influence in the causal group of pharmaceutical drug recalls. Conclusion: The study shows that risk control drives risk assessment and risk review in the pharmaceutical industry manufacturing process. To achieve patient safety, this study suggests focusing on risk control strategies, as this aspect displays the most substantial effect on influencing other critical risk management aspects such as risk assessment and risk review.
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Mudau, Lutendo S., Murembiwa S. Mukhola, and Paul R. Hunter. "Systematic risk management approach of household drinking water from the source to point of use." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 2 (March 29, 2017): 290–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.029.
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The water safety plan (WSP) approach is being widely adopted as a systematic approach to improving the safety of drinking water. However, to date, the approach has not been widely used for improving the safety of drinking water in those settings where people have to collect water away from their home. Most rural areas in South Africa still consume unsafe water despite WSP implementation and improved water sources provided by municipalities. This study used hazard analysis critical control point to assess drinking water used in households to determine systematic procedures, which could be used to control risks. The process includes assessment of risks associated with household water service level (availability, accessibility and potability) and risks of water contamination from the collection to point of consumption. Observations and questionnaires were used to collect data in households to systematically determine and identify risks of drinking water consumption. The results show intermittent water supply, access to unsafe water, while poor hygiene practices contribute to household water contamination. This approach could assist in identifying hazards as well as critical control points to reduce risks and improve management of drinking water safety in households.
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Jayaratne, Asoka. "Application of a risk management system to improve drinking water safety." Journal of Water and Health 6, no. 4 (March 1, 2008): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2008.061.
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The use of a comprehensive risk management framework is considered a very effective means of managing water quality risks. There are many risk-based systems available to water utilities such as ISO 9001 and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). In 2004, the World Health Organization's (WHO) Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality recommended the use of preventive risk management approaches to manage water quality risks. This paper describes the framework adopted by Yarra Valley Water for the development of its Drinking Water Quality Risk Management Plan incorporating HACCP and ISO 9001 systems and demonstrates benefits of Water Safety Plans such as HACCP.
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Marnellos, George, and George Tsiotras. "Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP): implementation in Greek industry." Quality and Reliability Engineering International 15, no. 5 (September 1999): 385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1638(199909/10)15:5<385::aid-qre272>3.0.co;2-#.
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Alfarisi, Salman, and Nico Surantha. "Risk assessment in fleet management system using OCTAVE allegro." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 530–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i1.3241.
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The purpose of this study is to use the OCTAVE allegro methodology to identify risks in fleet management system (FMS), determine prioritized risks to be mitigated, provide mitigation recommendations for these prioritized risks, and shows how effective the recommendation is. The result of this study is expected to become an input for FMS service provider of possible risks in FMS services, and risk mitigation approaches that can be used to handle those risks. This risk assessment has successfully identified 6 critical information assets, 10 risks in total, and 4 risks that need to be mitigated, followed by proposed mitigation approaches for those risks. Some of the recommendation has been applied by the company and contribute to SLA achievement of the system. The result also showed that application and simulation software provide most prominent risks in FMS service, thus securing these two will eliminate most risk in FMS service.
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Bonaca, Marc P., Naomi M. Hamburg, and Mark A. Creager. "Contemporary Medical Management of Peripheral Artery Disease." Circulation Research 128, no. 12 (June 11, 2021): 1868–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.121.318258.
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis. Modifiable risk factors including cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, poor diet quality, obesity, and physical inactivity, along with underlying genetic factors contribute to lower extremity atherosclerosis. Patients with PAD often have coexistent coronary or cerebrovascular disease, and increased likelihood of major adverse cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death. Patients with PAD often have reduced walking capacity and are at risk of acute and chronic critical limb ischemia leading to major adverse limb events, such as peripheral revascularization or amputation. The presence of polyvascular disease identifies the highest risk patient group for major adverse cardiovascular events, and patients with prior critical limb ischemia, prior lower extremity revascularization, or amputation have a heightened risk of major adverse limb events. Medical therapies have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events, and improving function in patients with PAD by modulating key disease determining pathways including inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. Treatment with guideline-recommended therapies, including smoking cessation, lipid lowering drugs, optimal glucose control, and antithrombotic medications lowers the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events. Exercise training and cilostazol improve walking capacity. The heterogeneity of risk profile in patients with PAD supports a personalized approach, with consideration of treatment intensification in those at high risk of adverse events. This review highlights the medical therapies currently available to improve outcomes in patients with PAD.
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ANDREI, Irina-Carmen, Gabriela-Liliana STROE, Sorin BERBENTE, Vasile PRISACARIU, Emil COSTEA, onel POPESCU, and Octavian Ioan FILIPESCU. "RISK MANAGEMENT APPLIED TO AEROSPACE ENGINEERING DESIGN." SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE 24 (July 28, 2023): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2023.24.16.
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The intent of this paper is to present applications of risk management to aerospace engineering design; the study was focused on composite materials design and manufacturing of parts, assemblies from aircraft and spacecraft, such as aerostructures, fuselage, aircraft wings and controls, jet engines parts such as fan blades, widely used in aerospace engineering. The use of composites in aerospace engineering provides significant reduction of costs for manufacturing, technology and operation, provided adequate management. Management in composites design, manufacturing and technology may allow to achieving performance and cost-effectiveness for such aerospace engineering parts, which are critical from the safety standpoint
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Lancé, Marcus D. "The management of critical bleeding in obstetrics." Reviews in Health Care 4, no. 3S (September 15, 2013): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/rhc.v4i3s.879.
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Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the most frequent causes of maternal death: worldwide it contributes for a 25% of deaths. The risk of death from pregnancy complications has decreased dramatically over the last few decades, but several evidences show they have not yet been reduced to a minimum. There is therefore the need for a further improvement in the quality of medical care. Purpose of this paper is to briefly outline an overview of the definition of PPH, with an illustration of the possible causes and treatments currently available. WHO defined PPH as excessive bleeding > 500 ml after vaginal delivery and severe PPH as bleeding in excess of 1,000 ml after vaginal delivery, but a variety of definitions for PPH have been proposed, yet no single satisfactory definition exists. Another crucial item regards the estimation of blood loss, too often based on a visual assessment and, therefore, inaccurate and minimized. However, in medical literature there are no specific classifications for severe bleeding in obstetrics. During pregnancy there are several changes in coagulation state: because haemostatic reference intervals are generally based on samples from non-pregnant women, this can cause a further difficulty in doing an accurate diagnosis and treatment of haemostatic disorders during pregnancy. In the treatment of critical bleeding in trauma patients have been developed some new insights that may be applied, at least partially, in the management of bleeding patients in obstetrics. In recent years it has been developed an approach called “Damage control resuscitation”, which combines to the surgery a medical treatment aimed at correcting the underlying coagulopathy. This approach is based on three items: minimise use of crystalloids and colloids; optimise fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to red blood cells (RBC) ratio; make an appropriate use of antifibrinolitic agents, fibrinogen and cryoprecipitate.
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Mansoorzadeh, Shiva, Sha’ri Mohd Yusof, Shahriar Mansoorzadeh, and Hossein Zeynal. "A Comprehensive and Practical Framework for Reliable Scheduling in Project Management." Advanced Materials Research 903 (February 2014): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.903.378.
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Schedule reliability is essential to successfully achieve EPC (engineering, procurement and constriction) project objectives. Several studies in the past were based on traditional risk management technique which has its own limitations that lack one to obtain a reliable project schedule. To overcome these limitations a comprehensive framework is developed based on the integration of risk management and Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) that can give a much reliable project scheduling. In the proposed framework, risk analysis is first determined through fuzzy FMEA technique to provide identification of critical risk events (CRE). The effect of CRE on project schedule is then defined and total project time which considers risk factors is calculated. To support risk mitigation, fault tree and event tree analysis are combined which allows the root causes of the risk event be defined and also mitigation strategies determined to control each identified CRE. Eventually, CCPM is distributed which enable implementation of the project based on initial plan and to obtain reasonable Feeding Buffer time on risky tasks. This paper presents the proposed framework using a real case study on construction phases of EPC projects in an electrical power industry.
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Díaz-Gavela, Ana, Lourdes Figueiras-Graillet, Ángel Luis, Juliana Salas Segura, Raquel Ciérvide, Elia del Cerro Peñalver, Felipe Couñago, Meritxell Arenas, and Teresa López-Fernández. "Breast Radiotherapy-Related Cardiotoxicity. When, How, Why. Risk Prevention and Control Strategies." Cancers 13, no. 7 (April 4, 2021): 1712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13071712.
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In recent decades, improvements in breast cancer management have increased overall patient survival; however, many cancer therapies have been linked to an important risk of cardiovascular adverse events. Cardio-oncology has been proposed as an emerging specialty to coordinate preventive strategies that improve the cardiovascular health of oncologic patients. It employs the most suitable personalized multidisciplinary management approach for each patient to optimize their cardiovascular health and improve their survival and quality of life. Radiotherapy is an essential part of the therapeutic regimen in breast cancer patients but can also increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, minimizing the negative impact of radiation therapy is an important challenge for radiotherapy oncologists and cardiologists specializing in this field. The aim of the present review is to update our knowledge about radiation-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients by undertaking a critical review of the relevant literature to determine risk prevention and control strategies currently available.
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Behinfaraz, Reza, Abdolmehdi Bagheri, Amir Aminzadeh Ghavifekr, and Paolo Visconti. "Risk Control for Synchronizing a New Economic Model." Systems 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2023): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems11070373.
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Risk analysis in control problems is a critical but often overlooked issue in this research area. The main goal of this analysis is to assess the reliability of designed controllers and their impact on applied systems. The chaotic behavior of fractional-order economical systems has been extensively investigated in previous studies, leading to advancements in such systems. However, this chaotic behavior poses unpredictable risks to the economic system. This paper specifically investigates the reliability and risk analysis of chaotic fractional-order systems synchronization. Furthermore, we present a technique as a new mechanism to evaluate controller performance in the presence of obvious effects. Through a series of simulation studies, the reliability and risk associated with the proposed controllers are illustrated. Ultimately, we show that the suggested technique effectively reduces the risks associated with designed controllers.
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Maduabuchi, Emeka, John N. Ugbebor, and Gogomari I. Oyet. "Analysis of Critical Risk Factors in Five Iconic Major Accidents in Petroleum and Chemical Industries." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 29, no. 7 (June 17, 2023): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2023/v29i71760.
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This study determined the critical risk factors that influence the risk of major accidents in petroleum and chemical industries. The retrospective study assessed five iconic accidents using the tripod beta analysis methodology. Literatures on five iconic accidents were reviewed, and the immediate causes of the accidents, preconditions and latent failures were analysed using a focused group of process safety professionals. These failures were aggregated into critical risk factors for these major accidents. The findings of this study revealed empirically that there are broadly five critical risk factors that influence the risk of major accidents: (i) design flaws, (ii) site process safety management, (iii) barrier management / control, (iv) operating procedures, and (v) process safety culture. These findings highlight that major accident risks can accumulate “dangerous” from the impairment of safety-critical barriers and that the operators of petroleum and chemical facilities may be blind-sided to the cumulative risk of the impairments. The findings also highlight the need for a proactive risk assessment tool with the capability to check the health of safety-critical barriers on a real time basis, in an operating plant. The use of Tripod Beta as a tool in accident causation analysis is recommended.