Journal articles on the topic 'Critical causes of project delay'
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Ismaila, Usman, Wooyong Jung, and Chan Young Park. "Delay Causes and Types in Nigerian Power Construction Projects." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 23, 2022): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030814.
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Numerous events cause delays to entire power projects’ completion timelines, leading to loss. This paper focuses on revealing the critical delay causes in Nigerian power projects and identifying the delay types such as excusable delay, compensable delay, critical delay, and concurrent delay from the different perspectives of owner and contractor. Based on the survey of the 84 industrial experts in power distribution and transmission projects in Nigeria, this study provides the mean score and rank of 39 delay causes. Among the causes, 14 are identified as critical in the Nigerian power project. The top three critical delay causes are corruption and bureaucracy in government, inadequate fund/budget allocation, and price fluctuation/inflation. Owner and contractor do not show the difference in classifying the 14 delay causes into excusable and compensable delays. However, there was a difference between owner and contractor in categorizing whether a cause is critical or not and concurrent or not. A different viewpoint of types of delay cause can lead to a dispute which may lead to other delays and losses, and thus it is meaningful to understand the types of delay perceived from owner and contractor. Even though the delay cause and types are different depending on an individual project, the results of this study serve as a reference and would be beneficial for the practitioners in the construction industry to help identify the delay causes to manage them effectively.
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Amoatey, Charles Teye, and Alfred Nii Okanta Ankrah. "Exploring critical road project delay factors in Ghana." Journal of Facilities Management 15, no. 2 (May 15, 2017): 110–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfm-09-2016-0036.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the causes of road construction delays in Ghana and identify appropriate mitigation measures. Design/methodology/approach The initial approach involved an empirical analysis of 48 road projects to quantify the extent of time. This was followed by a survey of the perception of road agency and donor partner officials of the critical causes of road project delays. Findings About 70 per cent of road projects experience delays and 52 per cent experience cost overruns. The average time overrun and cost overruns of road projects in Ghana was 17 months and US$1.15m (or 22.5 per cent), respectively. The five most critical causes of road construction delays were delay in finance and payment of completed work by owner (client-related); inadequate contractor experience (contractor-related); changes in scope by the owner during construction (client-related); delay to furnish and deliver the site to the contractor (client-related); and inflexible funding allocation for project items (donor-related). Research limitations/implications The most critical constraint of this study is the fact that findings are based on only the views of industry professional experts. It may be assumed that despite using broadly used terminology to refer to the causes of project delays, the interpretations by respondents may have differed from those intended. Further research could look at the correlation between time overrun and cost overrun using principle component analysis. Practical implications The identified delay factors are not unique to the road sector. From both academic and practical perspectives, the results emphasizes on the need for a holistic and integrated risk management model for the entire construction industry in Ghana. Originality/value The paper examined the causes of road project delays in the Ghanaian context and recommended remedial measures.
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Amoatey, Charles Teye, Yaa Asabea Ameyaw, Ebenezer Adaku, and Samuel Famiyeh. "Analysing delay causes and effects in Ghanaian state housing construction projects." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 8, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 198–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-04-2014-0035.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the causes and effects of delays in public sector housing projects in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach – A purposive sampling approach was used in selecting the respondents for the study. These were experts working on various state housing construction projects in Ghana. Findings – Results from the study showed that the critical factors that contribute to project delays in Ghana are; delay in payment to contractor/supplier, inflation/price fluctuation, price increases in materials, inadequate funds from sponsors/clients, variation orders and poor financial/capital market. The critical effects of delays are cost overrun, time overrun, litigation, lack of continuity by client and arbitration. Research limitations/implications – This paper is limited to causes and effects of project delays in Ghana based on data collected from only one state institution. Due to geographic constraints the researchers were unable to sample state institutions across Ghana involved in various housing projects. Practical implications – This paper has documented the critical state housing construction project delay factors in Ghana. The results will help project managers and policymakers appreciate the effects of these delays on project outcomes. Social implications – Measures aimed at reducing cost of housing projects in Ghana can translate into significant benefits to the poor and support achievement of government objective of providing affordable housing to low income citizens. Originality/value – This research focussed on the key factors and best practices that lead to the success of state housing projects within the Ghanaian context.
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K.V., Prasad, Vasugi V., Venkatesan R., and Nikhil Bhat. "Analysis of causes of delay in Indian construction projects and mitigation measures." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 24, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 58–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-04-2018-0020.
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Purpose Construction projects in India continue to suffer excessive delays. This paper aims to investigate the delay causes in India by project sector (transport, power, buildings and water) and carry out a comparative study of delay causes in design build (DB) projects with that of design bid build (DBB) projects along with mitigation measures. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey was conducted among major clients, contractors and consultants in India. Importance Index was used for ranking of the delay causes. Projects were categorized based on the type, and causes of delay in each project type were identified. Projects were also categorized based on type of contract, and delay causes in DB and DBB projects were compared. Statistical analysis of responses by Cronbach’s alpha, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis tests was carried out with Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with senior industry professionals to develop exhaustive mitigation measures. Findings The research findings indicate finance-related causes as the most critical causes of delay in Indian projects. Delay in settlement of claims, contractor’s financial difficulties, delay in payment for extra work/variations by owner, late payment from contractor to subcontractor or suppliers, variation orders/changes of scope by owner during construction and changes in design by owner were the highly ranked delay causes. The research found no significant difference in the delay causes in DB and DBB projects. Originality/value This is the first study wherein delay causes for various project types within a single country are identified. In addition, the study has identified and compared the delay causes in DB projects and DBB projects. Mitigation measures developed in this study will help professionals and project managers not just in India but other developing countries as well to alleviate delay causes and in improvement of project timelines.
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K.L., Ravisankar, and Bragateeswaran T. "Detailed Study on Critical Delay Factors Affecting the Construction Industry." International Journal of Civil, Environmental and Agricultural Engineering 1, no. 1 (May 30, 2019): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijceae1917.
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The Construction industry of India is an important indicator of the growth as it generates investment opportunities across various related sectors. Delay in construction projects is considered one of the most common problems causing a multitude of negative effects on the construction projects. Construction delays can be defined as the late completion of work compared to the planned schedule or contract schedule. Construction delays can be minimized only when their cause are identified. The objective of this study was to identify the major causes of construction delays. In this context the management of the delay may influence the financial performance of the project, since the overall value of contractual penalties may exceed ten percentage or more than that of the project budget.
This study was carried out based on literature review and a questionnaire survey. The data for this study will be gathering through a detailed questionnaire survey. The questionnaire consists of total factors of seventeen group were contributed to the causes of construction delay based on literature review. In that seventeen groups have been consist of total 50 factors for delay. The questionnaire form is forwarded to various construction industries through email and in personal. The objectives of the study were successfully achieved. The top five most important factors that contributed to the causes of delays were Delay in financial support by owner to the contractor (Stage by stage payment), Design errors made by designers due to unfamiliarity with local conditions & environment, Equipment allocation problem, Poor site management & Inaccurate site investigation, Fluctuation of prices. To minimize delay in construction projects it has been identified that the top three effective methods of minimizing construction delays includes: site management and supervision, effective strategic planning, and clear information and communication channels.
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Alenazi, Essa, Zulfikar Adamu, and Ali Al-Otaibi. "Exploring the Nature and Impact of Client-Related Delays on Contemporary Saudi Construction Projects." Buildings 12, no. 7 (June 22, 2022): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070880.
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In rapidly developing countries such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), where the construction of buildings and supporting infrastructure is critical to achieving strategic developmental milestones, delays to capital projects can derail other sectors of the economy and could derail the Vision 2030 agenda. Attempts have been made over the years to explore the causes of construction project delays, including those in Saudi Arabia. Many of these studies are either outdated, narrow in scope, or tend to use only qualitative data, and not many have focused on the client-related delay factors affecting projects critical to Vision 2030. This study investigates client-related delay factors in terms of their correlation with key characteristics of recently completed construction projects in KSA. This objective necessitated the use of historical data; hence, an archival analysis was conducted for 37 projects among three different public sector ministries. The data were subjected to manual extraction, descriptive statistical analysis, and the use of established models such as schedule performance index (SPI) and cost performance index (CPI), and inferential (correlation) in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) using point-biserial correlation coefficient (rpb, where p > 0.05) to explore association and impact of project characteristics on themselves and on client-related causes of delay. Results revealed eight unique client-related causes of delay, with SPI values of 0.71 to 0.82, as well as CPI values ranging from 0.84 to 0.89, suggesting very poor time and cost performance across all projects, as well as the magnitude of correlation of key project characteristics (cost, duration, additional time, and additional cost) with the eight client-related causes of delay. The findings can help the client (authorities) understand and curb delays that are due to their own making, and it is recommended that such delay factors, whose likelihood are now established and whose potential impact can be measured against key project characteristics, be developed into a delay risk impact tool. International joint ventures can bring technical expertise for Vision 2030, but they cannot eliminate delays due to government practices.
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Pall, Goutom K., Adrian J. Bridge, Jason Gray, and Martin Skitmore. "Causes of Delay in Power Transmission Projects: An Empirical Study." Energies 13, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010017.
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Power transmission (PT) projects are vital for the power sector. However, worldwide PT projects experience delay. There is an urgent need to understand the unique causes of delays in PT projects. This paper presents the first empirical study on causes of delays in PT projects via a comprehensive literature review. Based on this literature review, 63 potential delay factors are identified and divided into ten major groups. These include two new groups of delay attributes, comprising sector-specific factors (SSF) and general factors (GF), where SSF pertains solely to PT projects and GF contributes to minimizing the bias of project participants. A questionnaire survey of 311 PT stakeholders is conducted to determine the overall ranking of the delay factors using the relative importance index. The results indicate that SSF, GF, and external/unavoidable factors are the most critical groups of delay factors, with the top-ranked factors being right of way problems of transmission line (TL), frequent changes in TL routes, and accessibility to the TL tower locations. Finally, recommendations are made to help minimize time overruns in PT projects, as well as in other linear power and non-power construction projects in general.
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Umeesh Kumar Suppramaniam, S., Syuhaida Ismail, and Subaashnii Suppramaniam. "Causes of delay in the construction phase of oil and gas projects in Malaysia." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.29 (May 22, 2018): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.29.13318.
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The drop-in oil price in recent years has seen the oil and gas projects affected negatively. Thus, most Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) companies are opting to optimise the project especially in terms of mitigating delays in construction to achieve the project expectation. Delay causes threat to a project objectives in terms of time, cost and quality. It is also a crucial element in deviating from the client’s expectation in terms of productivity, safety and standards. This paper aims at examining the causes of delay in the construction phase of oil and gas projects in Malaysia. A comprehensive literature review from various sources through books, conference proceedings, the internet, project management journals as well as oil and gas industry journals was made to materialise this paper. There were a few studies that related to this problem and shared a similar view with general construction projects, yet only a fraction of the factors was accepted due to the differences between the two industries. Other variances of the papers included on regional basis or on specific countries. The factors of these attributes were still accepted since it was still applicable to the oil and gas industry and there were not any major variances between countries. The paper has found that there are several significant factors that cause delays in the construction phase of oil and gas projects in Malaysia. The similarity of these delay factors can be grouped into six major groups, namely client, contractor, engineering, external, project and resources. This initial study is based purely on literature review, comparison of similar cases, cross referencing and critical judging. The causes of delay specific to the construction phase in oil and gas projects in Malaysia should be further researched with focus only in the Malaysian projects and industry players.
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Mbatha, Samuel Kiilu, Ahmad Omar Alkizim, and Titus Kivaa Mbiti. "Delay Management as a Mitigation Strategy for Conflicts in Construction Projects in Kenya." East African Journal of Engineering 5, no. 1 (November 9, 2022): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eaje.5.1.947.
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The problem of conflicts in construction projects is a fact that happens in many countries, one of which is conflicts associated ensuing from delays. Delay management is exceedingly arduous and remains ineffective as the majority of the construction projects are tardy in time performance. The study aimed to investigate the role of delay management in mitigating project conflicts caused by delay factors by examining the causes and management approaches to these delays during the project implementation process. Empirical evidence from a review of the literature has unveiled that delay conflicts have detrimental impacts. Consequently, understanding the causes of delay has become a critical component of improving the construction industry’s performance. In Kenya, more than 70% of projects being executed are likely to increase by a factor of more than 50% over time. The study embraced a cross-sectional research design. Questionnaires were sent to randomly sampled consultants, contractors, and project developers. The data collected was then analysed using the Relative Importance Index (RII) and Spearman’s rank correlation. The study established the inevitability of conflicts attributed to delays amongst project stakeholders, with delays in progress payments being the leading cause. Other factors in the top five list were; inadequate site management and control, delays in approving major changes in scope, materials price fluctuations, delays in handing over the site, and difficulties in financing the project. It is recommended that clients ensure that works are aptly planned and veritable costing executed during the pre-contract stage and that interim payment certificates are settled promptly within the defined time frame, both to avert invoking interest penalty clauses and also to promote better progress of the works, to ensure smooth completion. Additionally, the contractor should ensure proper planning and scheduling of the works, as well as effective site management and supervision. These results have significant consequences since they give practical, scientific, policy, and social values that contribute to a better understanding of delays and delay management from a global perspective
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Elawi, Ghazi Saad A., Mohammed Algahtany, Dean Kashiwagi, and Kenneth Sullivan. "Major Factors Causing Construction Delays in Mecca." Journal for the Advancement of Performance Information and Value 7, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37265/japiv.v7i1.55.
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Delays are a major cause for concern in the construction industry in Saudi Arabia. This paper identifies the main causes of delay in infrastructure projects in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and compares these with projects around the country and other Gulf countries. Data was obtained from 49 infrastructure projects undertaken by the owner and were analyzed quantitatively to understand the causes and severity of delay. 10 risk factors were identified and were grouped into four categories. Average delay in infrastructure projects in Mecca was found to be 39% of the estimated projects schedules. The most severe cause of delay was found to be the land acquisition factor. This highlights the critical land ownership and acquisition issues that are prevailing in the city. Additionally, other factors that contribute to delay include contractors’ lack of expertise, haphazard underground utilities (line services), and re-designing. It is concluded that the majority of project delays were caused from the owner’s side as compared to contractors, consultants, and other project’s stakeholders. This finding matched with the research findings of the Gulf Countries Construction (GCC) industry’s literature. This study fills an important practice and research gap for improving the efficiency in delivering infrastructure projects in the holy city of Mecca and Gulf countries at large.
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Agyekum-Mensah, George, and Andrew David Knight. "The professionals’ perspective on the causes of project delay in the construction industry." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 5 (September 18, 2017): 828–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-03-2016-0085.
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Purpose Construction project delays are described as a universal problem, which has led to many empirical studies. However, most of these studies were based on the rankings by respondents, and they were rarely verified. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore professional perspectives on the causes of delay in the construction industry, where there has been little explicit consideration on this subject in recent decades. Design/methodology/approach A critical literature review and a qualitative approach was considered for a deeper and fresh understanding of the causes of delays, rather than recycling the existing themes and the risk of a statistically biased approach. A total of 41 interviews were undertaken which included the London Olympic 2012 project team. Findings In all, 32 themes were identified, which were categorised into 15 categories of causes of delay in the construction projects. Almost two-thirds of the main themes are not ranked top 15 causes of delay. These include knowledge and competence shortage, poor commercial decisions, unnecessary health and safety restrictions, poor risk management and poor space and logistics management. Research limitations/implications Due to the qualitative nature of the study, the findings might not be considered as representative. Practical implications The findings provide consideration of the causes of delay in the construction industry as seen by practitioners, which should provide guidance to enhance performance. Originality/value The study contributes to the better understanding of the causes of delays by using qualitative research strategy which is limited in the construction management literature. This study is an empirical investigation into the causes of delay in the twenty-first century and it represents an important edition to the body of knowledge within the subject area.
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Karimi, Sebghatullah, and Poorang Piroozfar. "Exploring Causes of Delays in National Road and Highway Projects in Developing Construction Economy." Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management 12, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32738/jeppm-2022-0013.
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Delay in construction projects, especially in road and highway projects, is a universal phenomenon. Afghanistan construction industry is no exception. There are factors causing delays in the Afghanistan construction industry which have negative effects on the key project stakeholders and the project’s deliverables and outcomes. This research aims to identify the causes of delays that affect highway and road projects in Afghanistan and to provide recommendations in order to minimize or control delays in such projects. This will help, in return, facilitate and improve the delivery of roads and highways projects in Afghanistan. To achieve this aim, the study sets out to achieve the following objectives: 1) to determine the most important causes of delay that affect road and highway projects in Afghanistan, 2) to identify the severity of the delay causes from clients’ and contractors’ perspectives, 3) to investigate the differences and discrepancies between clients’ and contractors’ opinions and views, and based on first three objectives, 4) to finally provide recommendations for minimizing and/or controlling delays in road and highway projects, to improve the status-quo and to facilitate procurement/delivery of road and highway projects in Afghanistan. Causes of delay were gathered upon conducting a critical literature review of different types of construction, in different countries. An expert interview and a questionnaire survey formed the basis of this paper, listing 29 important causes of delay in such projects. The major causes of delay then were categorized into three groups following main stages of the highway projects, namely: 1) preparation, 2) procurement, and 3) implementation. The questionnaire survey was distributed to 100 construction participants and 79 were received who represent the government in road projects and contractors. Relative importance index (RII) was calculated and according to the highest values the top ten delay causes of road projects in Afghanistan were determined. Spearman correlation index was used to assess the correlation of causes and groups between clients and contractors. The findings of the study revealed that the top 10 significant factors causing a delay in road projects in Afghanistan are; security (war, theft, kidnapping, etc.), shortage of equipment and material or financial status of contractors, land acquisition, corruption in the procurement process, progress payment delays by owners/clients, non-consideration of security risks in the procurement process, Inaccurate design and bills of quantities, insufficient contractors’ experience, poor qualification of the contractors’ technical staff and award project to lowest bids. The findings will help clients and contractors to mitigate or prevent delays in road and highway projects in Afghanistan. Finally, to help overcome delays in road and highway projects more effectively, recommendations have been made for fundamental reforms in procurement systems for major projects.
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Sepasgozar, Samad M. E., Reyhaneh Karimi, Sara Shirowzhan, Mohammad Mojtahedi, Sabbar Ebrahimzadeh, and David McCarthy. "Delay Causes and Emerging Digital Tools: A Novel Model of Delay Analysis, Including Integrated Project Delivery and PMBOK." Buildings 9, no. 9 (August 26, 2019): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9090191.
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Delay is one of the main challenges of construction projects, and there is still much to overcome in order to reach near zero delay in all construction projects. This project aims to conduct a systematic critical review including a bibliography analysis on delay literature in construction. The main questions consider what has been learnt from a decade investigating delay causes and effects in the construction literature and what factors have been missed in the literature. This paper also presents a new and challenging question regarding how digital tools and associated technologies may prevent any delay in construction projects, which can change the research direction from delay investigations to identifying prevention factors. The paper identifies the delay dataset, including 493 papers investigating delay in construction, and establishes a specific dataset of papers focusing on delay effects and causes (DEC), including 94 selected papers covering different factors examined in over 29 countries such as Iran, India, Turkey, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Cambodia, Oman, Malaysia, Taiwan, China, Vietnam, the US, the UK, and Egypt. In addition, the paper identifies 30 critical factors with the frequency of occurrences over three times in the DEC dataset and computes their medians of ranking. This paper also discusses digital tools and methods that can be used for delay analysis and preventions, including MS Project, Oracle Primavera P6, and Open Plan by Deltek. The paper discusses the project schedule delay analysis from project management methodology perspectives. It also discusses the current method’s limitations and future directions, which are based on the identification of the deficiency areas. In total, four overlooked factors are identified and suggested, including faulty data analysis, unmatched structure of the research questionnaires with new knowledge and standards [e.g., Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)], overlooked effects of digital technologies [e.g., Digital twin, Navisworks, Building Information Model (BIM), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)], and ignored job-site technologies. In addition, the paper presents the DEC model for future studies, including four main key factors. These factors are resources (e.g., project budgets, labour, material, equipment, and digital tool), project context, stakeholders performance (e.g., owner/client, consultant/designer, contractor, vendor/supplier), and external factors (e.g., ground condition, site location, regulation, natural disaster), which may significantly affect delay prevention and should be concurrently considered in the future delay investigations, since they may be required for designing an effective mitigation strategy when these proof points are identified. This would significantly help to utilise digital systems to prevent time overruns in different construction contexts.
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Mittal, Yash Kumar, and Virendra Kumar Paul. "IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL FACTORS FOR DELAY IN METRO RAIL PROJECTS IN INDIA." International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 6, no. 1 (June 19, 2018): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2018.615.
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Purpose of the study:World over, transportation infrastructure projects face delays in commissioning and India is no exception. This study is carried out with an objective to specifically identify the critical delay factors in the commissioning of metro rail projects in India.
Methodology: A questionnaire survey was conducted to identify the major causes of delay from the opinion of clients, contractors and consultants. Calculation of Relative Importance Index (RII) for the shortlisted factors yielded the ranking. The ranking by various categories of respondents was analysed using Spearman’s rank coefficient.
Main Findings:The study concluded in identification of 10 most critical delay-factors from a list of 49 shortlisted factors spread across 7 categories. The identified factors included: (1) Delay in land acquisition and site handover to contractor, (2) Shifting of utilities and contingency works, (3) Scope change, (4)Delay in payments, (5) Effects of unforeseen subsurface and changing ground condition, (6) Shortage of construction materials in the market, (7) Delays in design approvals and decision making, (8) Shortage of labour, (9) Lack of data collection and survey before design, and (10) Delay in obtaining permits from local body.
Implications: Project management interventions based on the identified critical factors of delay can improve the delivery of upcoming metro rail projects in terms of schedule compliance.
Applications of this study:The Application of suitable course correction measures targeting the critical factors can result in mitigation of delays.
Novelty/Originality of this study:The study is one of its kind attempt to investigate all the commissioned metro rail projects in India for analyzing delays in the Indian urban rail sector.
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Kuhil, Abdurezak Mohammed, and Neway Seifu. "Causes of Delay in Public Building Construction Projects: A Case of Addis Abeba Administration, Ethiopia." Asian Journal of Managerial Science 8, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2019.8.2.1560.
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The time overrun in construction projects has become one of the most common problems in the industry that cause multitude of negative effects on the projects and its stakeholders. This study focused on assessing the main causes of delay in public building construction projects in Addis Ababa Administration mainly undertaken by grade one contractors. In these projects, 42 delay causing events in the Addis Ababa public building construction projects were identified and categorized in to five main category groups, and the most important and critical causes of public building construction delay causing factors were evaluated and ranked based on the RRI(Ranking and computation of relative importance index)values from the data collected in a questionnaire survey of three groups of respondents- clients, consultant and contractors in the construction industry. The survey findings revealed the top ten factors that cause construction delays in the public building construction projects in Addis Ababa are: (1) Difficulty in project financing (poor financial system); (2) Poor Project management system;(3) Delay in issuance of designs and working drawings; (4) Shortage of availability of imported construction materials and goods on market; (5) Design errors and complexity of designs;(6)Delay in progress payments for completed works; (7) Late start & resource mobilization to site; (8) Financing problems; (9) Inaccurate Site investigation Report;(10) Price Inflation. Furthermore, the ranking of the factors tested the agreement among the respondents and finally agreement test reveal that there appears a positivecorrelation between the groups in noticing and ranking the set of delay causes. The study recommended in general and particularly to all the parties for mitigating factors causing time overrun.
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Ihendeson, Ernest Oria, Awajiogak A. Ujile, and Anthony K. Leol. "Comparative Study of Pipeline Deliverables using Deterministic and Stochastic Models." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.1.1097.
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This study aim to proffer solution to the factors causing delay is pipeline construction project deliverables, it compared deterministic model (variable with certainty) and stochastic model (variable with uncertainty), with Six (6) planned project schedules of Brownfield Energy Service Limited for pipeline construction. Time assigned to critical activities, identified from a network analysis, with the aid of the Critical Path Method, expected mean time, both deterministic and stochastic duration was calculated. Program Evaluation Review Techniques (PERT), the variance and standard deviation of the critical activities were also calculated. The probability of completion of a project within a given period was gotten with PERT. Comparing the results for deterministic duration 60 days to 79 days, which is 50% compared to 64%. It was concluded that stochastic model is preferable when scheduling and executing pipeline construction projects, because uncertainties are factored into the planning and scheduling process including delays. Delays during execution stage, occurs mainly due to community related issues, equipment failures, change in job scope and work- men antics but not limited to these. This study advocates elimination of causes of delay, especially before and during project execution phase. It also suggested that every project schedule should follow an order of precedents, prerequisite, and management involvement and cooperation at all stages of the project
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Ihendeson, Ernest Oria, Awajiogak A. Ujile, and Anthony K. Leol. "Comparative Study of Pipeline Deliverables using Deterministic and Stochastic Models." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.1.1097.
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This study aim to proffer solution to the factors causing delay is pipeline construction project deliverables, it compared deterministic model (variable with certainty) and stochastic model (variable with uncertainty), with Six (6) planned project schedules of Brownfield Energy Service Limited for pipeline construction. Time assigned to critical activities, identified from a network analysis, with the aid of the Critical Path Method, expected mean time, both deterministic and stochastic duration was calculated. Program Evaluation Review Techniques (PERT), the variance and standard deviation of the critical activities were also calculated. The probability of completion of a project within a given period was gotten with PERT. Comparing the results for deterministic duration 60 days to 79 days, which is 50% compared to 64%. It was concluded that stochastic model is preferable when scheduling and executing pipeline construction projects, because uncertainties are factored into the planning and scheduling process including delays. Delays during execution stage, occurs mainly due to community related issues, equipment failures, change in job scope and work- men antics but not limited to these. This study advocates elimination of causes of delay, especially before and during project execution phase. It also suggested that every project schedule should follow an order of precedents, prerequisite, and management involvement and cooperation at all stages of the project
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Zidane, Youcef J. T., and Bjorn Andersen. "The top 10 universal delay factors in construction projects." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 11, no. 3 (July 2, 2018): 650–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-05-2017-0052.
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Purpose Projects often face delays and unnecessary use of time due to various factors and reasons, and hence suffer from unfavourable consequences. The purpose of this paper is to identify the universal delay factors from an intensive literature review, complemented by delay factors in major Norwegian construction projects based on empirical data. Design/methodology/approach The study in which this paper is based includes an intensive literature review, and semi-quantitative open survey questionnaires. This paper addresses frequency and type of delay factors in construction projects, in Norway based on the survey, and worldwide based on the previous studies. Findings From the study, the causes of delays facing the Norwegian construction industry are: poor planning and scheduling; slow/poor decision-making process; internal administrative procedures and bureaucracy within project organisations; resources shortage (human resources, machinery, equipment); poor communication and coordination between parties; slow quality inspection process of the completed work; design changes during construction/change orders; sponsor/owner/client lack of commitment and/or clear demands (goals and objectives); late/slow/incomplete/improper design; office issues; and users’ issues. And the top 10 universal delay factors are: design changes during construction/change orders; delays in payment of contractor(s); poor planning and scheduling; poor site management and supervision; incomplete or improper design; inadequate contractor experience/building methods and approaches; contractor’s financial difficulties; sponsor/owner/client’s financial difficulties; resources shortage (human resources, machinery, equipment); and poor labour productivity and shortage of skills. Research limitations/implications When it comes to the identification of delay factors in major Norwegian projects, the research is based on a sample of 202 respondents from an open survey questionnaire. It should be noted that analysing a large population of respondents that have been asked open questions can be challenging due to the vague findings it might lead to. Also, when it comes to the identification of the universal delay factors, there were different methods used by different authors, within different context. Similar future studies in Norway based on qualitative and quantitative methods will give better verification for the findings. Practical implications This paper has documented the critical delay factors/causes in Norway. The results of this study will help project managers, in Norway and elsewhere, to be aware and know about the potential causes of delay in their construction projects, which will help to identify the possible risks in the early phases of the project. Another practical implication is to make project managers and policy makers conscious that delays are quite universal, making it necessary to identify them as a first step. Social implications The identification of delays factors and causes can permit projects to implement mitigation actions to avoid delays, thus allowing delivering schools, hospitals and other necessary infrastructure on schedule or ahead of schedule to society. Originality/value This paper highlights most (almost all) of the studies in the literature, including to the study done in Norway, concerning the delay factors in construction projects and large construction projects in general. This wide review of relevant literature will save time other academicians from having to conduct similar studies. This study will assist both academic and professional experts providing more insight about the delay causes in large-scale construction projects.
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Kamandang, Zetta Rasullia. "Identification of Critical Path Changes and Concurrent Delays Using EDAM Method for Building Project." Journal of Applied Sciences, Management and Engineering Technology 1, no. 1 (February 17, 2020): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31284/j.jasmet.2020.v1i1.867.
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Achieving a project whose punctually in completion date and duration is one of the main purposes of the project planning. However, avoiding the issue of the delay is hard to do. Delays itself commonly divided into three types, EN, EC and NE delays that represent the contribution of each project parties. Furthermore, the concurrent delay is at different levels that often use as a tool against each other parties. In term of preventing the time-frame problems, the critical path method (CPM) is widely applied. In the delay analysis technique, the EDAM method employs CPM to identify the critical path changes and the occurred concurrent delays. Implementing a six-floor building as-planned schedule and its delays information as a case study, this research results show that the critical path of the building has changed eight times and the concurrent delay occurred on the first change with six days of delays. By identifying the critical path change, project parties are expected to be able to prevent continuously delays by escalating the work progress. Furthermore, the information about concurrent delays would be essential in avoiding disputes regarding this issue. Project parties would be aware of their contribution to critical path changes by knowing their caused delay in that time period.
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Karami, Hamidreza, and Oluwole Alfred Olatunji. "Critical overrun causations in marine projects." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 7 (April 19, 2020): 1579–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-09-2019-0477.
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PurposeDelay causations in infrastructure projects are well reported in normative literature. However, very little is known regarding the environment-related causations which can assist in developing mitigation strategies. This study aims to examine critical causations of overruns in marine construction projects.Design/methodology/approachA total of 73 delay factors, grouped into 16 themes, were identified from literature. Data relating to the significance of each factor were collected through a questionnaire survey administered to 151 respondents. A total number of 126 valid responses were retrieved. Reductionist methodology was used to identify the statistical significance of each delay causation.FindingsAll 73 variables analysed in the study are significant, including communication issues amongst stakeholders, inadequate planning, safety issues, deficient technical instructions and inappropriate management approaches. Others include design and construction issues, issues with project organisational structures, political and cultural factors, environmental uncertainties and complexity in resource management. The study also found estimation errors, owner's attitude, financial issues, delay in approval processes, construction strategies and unavailability of appropriate technologies for the work as influencing factors. These findings are consistent with earlier studies on other forms of projects, but they further confirm that they are very relevant to marine projects.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the diversity of marine projects, overrun factors are likely to manifest in different ways in varying project circumstances. In addition, economics, technologies and local legislation often influence project situations differently.Practical implicationsThe implications of these findings will assist in growing the practicality of scheduling and contract administration theories in marine projects. Although delay causations that have been reported in normative literature are relevant to marine construction, however, some of the causations are more severe in marine projects. It is important that planners and project stakeholders are mindful of this such that they can develop their expectations to tolerate variability rather than trade impracticable blames.Originality/valueDetermining delay factors specific to marine construction projects assists stakeholders and project management community in developing dedicated strategies applicable in scheduling to prevent and correct obstructions caused by overruns. Since projects are different in types and sizes, delay observations cannot be generalised.
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Rauzana, Anita, Aghnia Zahrah, and Wira Dharma. "Critical delay factors for construction projects in Central Aceh District, Indonesia." F1000Research 11 (August 16, 2022): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.110024.2.
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Background: Construction development in Indonesia is growing rapidly, especially in Central Aceh District. Construction projects have distinctive characteristics and are very complex, so that risk events can have a serious impact on the viability of the project. Project delays can result in cost overruns and project losses. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors causing project delays.The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the risk factors that cause delays in construction projects and (2) determine those particular risk factors that have a greater influence on construction projects. The location of this research was Central Aceh District. Methods: The data in this study were primary data in the form of a questionnaire and secondary data obtained from the literature related to this particular type of research. Questionnaires were distributed to respondents, namely contractor companies located in the Central Aceh District. The questionnaires were distributed to determine respondents' opinions about the level of influence of risk factors causing project delays. We used a validity test, reliability test, and descriptive analysis for data processing. Results: Based on the results of the study from 47 respondents, the “very high influence” category (Mode=5) for the tool malfunction factor, cost estimation inaccuracy, increased work costs, implementation of new technologies, details, accuracy and conformity to specifications that are not appropriate, worker quarrels, poor project planning and management, poor condition at locations and accessibility difficulty. Conclusions: Of the 80 risk factors that caused project delays, eight risk factors were found to have a very high influence on the implementation of construction projects in Central Aceh District. Practical implications: The results of this study provide knowledge to contractor companies about the delay factors that have the most influence on project implementation so that they are expected to be able to manage risks to avoid losses.
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Rauzana, Anita, Aghnia Zahrah, and Wira Dharma. "Critical delay factors for construction projects in Central Aceh District, Indonesia." F1000Research 11 (September 29, 2022): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.110024.3.
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Background: Construction development in Indonesia is growing rapidly, especially in Central Aceh District. Construction projects often experience risks, so that risk events can have a serious impact on the viability of the project. Project delays can result in cost overruns and project losses. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors causing project delays.The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the risk factors that cause delays in construction projects and (2) determine those particular risk factors that have a greater influence on construction projects. The location of this research was Central Aceh District. Methods: The data in this study were primary data in the form of a questionnaire and secondary data obtained from the literature related to this particular type of research. Questionnaires were distributed to respondents, namely contractor companies located in the Central Aceh District. The questionnaires were distributed to determine respondents' opinions about the level of influence of risk factors causing project delays. We used a validity test, reliability test, and descriptive analysis for data processing. Results: Based on the results of the study from 47 respondents, the “very high influence” category (Mode=5) for the tool malfunction factor, cost estimation inaccuracy, increased work costs, implementation of new technologies, details, accuracy and conformity to specifications that are not appropriate, worker quarrels, poor project planning and management, poor condition at locations and accessibility difficulty. Conclusions: Of the 80 risk factors that caused project delays, eight risk factors were found to have a very high influence on the implementation of construction projects in Central Aceh District. Practical implications: The results of this study provide knowledge to contractor companies about the delay factors that have the most influence on project implementation so that they are expected to be able to manage risks to avoid losses.
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Ramanathan, Chidambaram, S. P. Narayanan, and Arazi B. Idrus. "Construction delays causing risks on time and cost - a critical review." Construction Economics and Building 12, no. 1 (February 26, 2012): 37–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v12i1.2330.
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There is an increase in the number of construction projects experiencing extensive delays leading to exceeding initial time and cost budget. This paper reviews 41 studies around the world which surveyed the delay factors and classified them into Groups. The main purpose of this paper is to review literature, each of which have categorized the causes that are responsible for time delays and cost overrun in projects. The collected list has 113 causes for delays categorized in to 18 different groups. Most of the researches have analysed the responses from the Questionnaire survey. The collected data are used to rank the problem. The data are further used to investigate and analyse Important Index, Frequency Index, Severity Index, Relative Important Index, Relative Importance Weight, Weighted Average, Mean, Standard Deviation and Variance. The collective comparison has revealed that the ranking given by all the researchers is not the same. Further each and every study has different rank ratings for the different group of the delays. This review paper attempts to provide an updated compilation of the earlier studies on ranking of the delay causers, which are never similar and constant for universal projects. It is concluded that a separate study is required for identifying the factors causing delay for projects operated in Sabah, East Malaysia.
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Hsu, Pei-Yuan, Marco Aurisicchio, Panagiotis Angeloudis, and Jennifer Whyte. "Understanding and visualizing schedule deviations in construction projects using fault tree analysis." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 9 (May 5, 2020): 2501–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2020-0058.
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PurposeDelays in construction projects are both disruptive and expensive. Thus, potential causes of schedule deviation need to be identified and mitigated. In previous research, delay factors were predominantly identified through surveys administered to stakeholders in construction projects. Such delay factors are typically considered individually and presented at the same level without explicitly examining their sequence of occurrence and inter-relationships. In reality, owing to the complex structure of construction projects and long execution time, non-conformance to schedule occurs by a chain of cascading events. An understanding of these linkages is important not only for minimising the delays but also for revealing the liability of stakeholders. To explicitly illustrate the cause–effect and logical relationship between delay factors and further identify the primary factors which possess the highest significance toward the overall project schedule delay, the fault tree analysis (FTA) method, a widely implemented approach to root cause problems in safety-critical systems, has been systematically and rigorously executed.Design/methodology/approachUsing a case study, the in-depth analysis for identifying the most fundamental delay factors has been fulfilled through FTA's tree structure. The logical deduction for mapping and visualising the chronological and cause–effect relationships between various delay factors has been conducted through the logical gate functions of FTA based on the data collected from the site event log, pre-fabricated structural component manufacturing log and face-to-face interview with project stakeholders.FindingsThe analysis identified multiple delay factors and showed how they are linked logically and chronologically from the primary causes to the ultimate undesired event in a rigorous manner. A comparison was performed between the proposed FTA model and the conventional investigation method for revealing the responsibility employed in the construction industry, consisting of event logs and problem reports. The results indicate that the FTA model provides richer information and a clearer picture of the network of delay factors. Importantly, the ability of FTA in revealing the causal connection between the events leading to the undesired delays and in comprehending their prominence in the real-world construction project has been clearly displayed.Originality/ valueThis study demonstrates a new application of FTA in the construction sector allowing the delay factors to be understood and visualised from a new perspective. The new approach has practical use in finding and removing root causes of the delay, as well as clarifying the attribution of responsibility that causes the delay.
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Hwang, Bon-Gang, Xianbo Zhao, and Lene Lay Ghim Tan. "Green building projects: schedule performance, influential factors and solutions." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 22, no. 3 (May 18, 2015): 327–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-07-2014-0095.
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Purpose – The purposes of this paper are to: investigate schedule performance of new and retrofitting green building projects; identify the critical factors that influence the schedule performance of new and retrofitting green building projects; and provide solutions to improve schedule performance of new and retrofitting green building projects. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire survey were conducted and responses were received from 34 firms experienced in green building projects in Singapore. After the data from the survey had been analyzed, face-to-face interviews were conducted with two senior project managers to solicit comments on the survey results. Findings – This study identified the degree of project delay in 98 new green building projects and 51 retrofitting green building projects in Singapore. The result indicated that 22 percent of the Singaporean green building projects were plagued with delay and retrofitting projects had a significantly higher likelihood of delay and significantly longer extension than new projects. In addition, “consultant cooperation to solve problems” was the most influential to schedule performance of both new and retrofitting green building projects, and the two project groups agreed on the overall ranking of the factors affecting schedule performance. Research limitations/implications – There may be geographical limitation on the conclusions drawn from the findings. Also, the sample size was still small, despite a relatively high response rate. In addition, the majority of the respondents were contractors as other project players were reluctant to respond to the survey. Practical implications – This study provides a clear understanding of the schedule performance of green building projects as well as the critical factors that should be highlighted when constructing green building projects. Also, strategies to overcome the negative impact of these factors allow practitioners to better deal with the potential causes of delay and to attain the schedule performance. Originality/value – Although construction delays have been widely investigated in previous studies relating to construction management, few have attempted to analyze the schedule performance of new and retrofitting green buildings. Thus, this study adds significantly to the existing research on both green building and construction delay.
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Rafieizonooz, Mahdi, Mohd Razman Salim, Elnaz Khankhaje, Mohd Warid Hussin, Ali Zarebidaki, and Salmiati. "Determining the Causes of Delay by Using Factor Analysis in Tehran’s Construction Projects." Applied Mechanics and Materials 735 (February 2015): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.735.109.
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Construction industry is one of the most profitable sectors in Iran’s economic. Delay is common problem in the construction projects in Iran. By considering all viewpoints of the parties, this research identified the most effective and severe causes of delay in construction projects in the Capital of Iran, Tehran. Questionnaires were distributed among respondents who are involved in the construction project in Tehran. The process of data analysis and discussions were conducted based on the two statistical techniques namely descriptive analysis (RII) and factor analysis. Using factor analysis, most critical factors of Tehran’s construction delay were recognized as: (1) lack of commitment; (2) inefficient site management; (3) poor site coordination; (4) Complexity in heritage and legislation; (5) Lack of estimation skills and skilled workers; (6) Lack of communication between parties; (7) Improper planning; and (8) Lack of clarity in contract. These results are anticipated to be important contributions to construction projects in Tehran in controlling the time overruns in construction contracts.
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Chadee, Aaron, Salisha R. Hernandez, and Hector Martin. "The Influence of Optimism Bias on Time and Cost on Construction Projects." Emerging Science Journal 5, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2021-01287.
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The unresolved scholarly debate to curtail cost and time performances in projects has led to alternate solutions, departing from the dominant technical school of thought to include concepts from behavioural sciences. In this paper, we consider the psychological effect, namely optimism bias, as one of the root causes for delays in cost overruns on projects. The research objectives were to determine the level of bias among project participants, rank time and cost overrun causes according to the participants’ bias score and establish a mitigation strategy to curb potential delays and cost overrun impacts based on the bias scores obtained. A literature survey was conducted to determine causal factors contributing to delays and cost overruns linked to optimism bias. Through a pilot survey of three semi-structured interviews, eighty factors obtained from the literature survey were reduced to 24 critical delay and cost overrun factors relevant to Trinidad and Tobago. A questionnaire was subsequently developed seeking construction professionals to rate their bias scores based on an 11-point Likert scale. The research confirms that project planners and decision-makers exhibit moderate levels of optimism bias; however, participants lacked awareness of the impact of optimism bias on projects outcomes. Project location, environmental impacts and historic preservation, and labour disputes are the top three critical factors where project professionals displayed increased optimistic tendencies. It is proposed that contingency “time window” and reference class forecasting be implemented as control mechanisms to mitigate the impacts of time and cost overruns on projects. This research introduces a novel method to account for and measure optimism bias on construction projects. This study adds knowledge into delays and cost overruns causation and provides a foundation for future studies on quantifying psychological effects on projects and enhancing overall project management practices. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01287 Full Text: PDF
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Ansari, Abdullah Farooq, Muhammad Haseeb Ahmad, and Afia Mushtaq. "Exploring the Delay Factors of Integrated Energy Project by Dynamic Green (Pvt.) Limited." Organization Theory Review 2, no. 2 (2018): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/otr.0202.03.
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Dynamic Green (Pvt.) Limited is the latest initiative of the Dynamic group of companies to tackle the most challenging issue faced by Pakistan that is energy crisis. In Pakistan, the manufacturing industry, businesses, and households face energy shortfalls. To achieve the objective of reduction in energy crises, Dynamic Green (Pvt.) Limited has started the first integrated energy project. The aim of this study is to explore the delay factors and their causes in an integrated energy project by Dynamic Green (Pvt.) Limited. Qualitative research methodology was used in this study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with those employees of Dynamic Green (Pvt.) Limited who had been actively involved in this integrated energy project. NVivo v11 software was used to analyze the critical delay factors and their causes. By applying the word cloud and thematic analysis, the study found that communication gap, improper planning, incomplete documents, poor organizational processes, stakeholders’ conflicts, lack of coordination between project coordinators, unskilled labor, procurement issues, and poor evaluation of vendor selection were significant delay factors in the integrated energy project. These findings are expected to be a noteworthy contribution of this study which recommends practical solutions to prevent further delays in the future.
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Son, Byung-Yun, and Eul-Bum Lee. "Using Text Mining to Estimate Schedule Delay Risk of 13 Offshore Oil and Gas EPC Case Studies During the Bidding Process." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 22, 2019): 1956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101956.
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Korean offshore oil and gas (O&G) mega project contractors have recently suffered massive deficits due to the challenges and risks inherent to the offshore engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) of megaprojects. This has resulted in frequent prolonged projects, schedule delay, and consequently significant cost overruns. Existing literature has identified one of the major causes of project delays to be the lack of adequate tools or techniques to diagnose the appropriateness and sufficiency of the contract deadline proposed by project owners prior to signing the contract in the bid. As such, this paper seeks to propose appropriate or correct project durations using the research methodology of text mining for bid documents. With the emergence of ‘big data’ research, text mining has become an acceptable research strategy, having already been utilized in various industries including medicine, legal, and securities. In this study the scope of work (SOW), as a main part of EPC contracts is analyzed using text mining processes in a sequence of pre-processing, structuring, and normalizing. Lessons learned, collected from 13 executed off shore EPC projects, are then used to reinforce the findings from said process. For this study, critical terms (CT), representing the root of past problems, are selected from the reports of lessons learned. The occurrence of the CT in the SOW are then counted and converted to a schedule delay risk index (SDRI) for the sample projects. The measured SDRI of each sample project are then correlated to the project’s actual schedule delay via regression analysis. The resultant regression model is entitled the schedule delay estimate model (SDEM) for this paper based on the case studies. Finally, the developed SDEM’s accuracy is validated through its use to predict schedule delays on recently executed projects with the findings being compared with actual schedule performance. This study found the relationship between the SDRI, frequency of CTs in the SOW, and delays to be represented by the regression formula. Through assessing its performance with respect to the 13th project, said formula was found to have an accuracy of 81%. As can be seen, this study found that more CTs in the SOW leads to a higher tendency for a schedule delay. Therefore, a higher project SDRI implies that there are more issues on projects which required more time to resolve them. While the low number of projects used to develop the model reduces its generalizability, the text mining research methodology used to quantitatively estimate project schedule delay can be generalized and applied to other industries where contractual documents and information regarding lessons learned are available.
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Hinai, Suleiman Said Al, Abul Bashar Bhuiyan, and Setyawan Widyarto. "THE EMPIRICAL REVIEW OF CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS ON THE CAUSES OF DELAY IN ROAD CONSTRUCTIONS PROJECTS IN THE GCC COUNTRIES." Australian Finance & Banking Review 4, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/afbr.v4i2.920.
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The aim of this study is to identify the critical success factors on the delays of road constructions in the GCC countries and their effects on project delivery in Arab countries. Towards the achievement of the objectives the study used the empirical literature from all relevant online sources and data based as many as possible. The findings of this study have summarized and shortlisted the success factors in the two categories such as internal and external factors have caused to be influenced to delay of road construction in the Arab regions. However, in the category of internal factors, there are 63 factors shortlisted from seven groups of factors which has revealed to effects on the delay of road constructions especially, the consultant related factors, and the contractor related factors, designed related factors, client-related factors, labor-related factors, material related issues, equipment-related issues respectively. Moreover, external related factors are also considered to summarize especially natural disaster (flood, hurricanes, and cyclone, etc.), conflict, war, global financial crisis, compensation delay to the affected property owner, the price fluctuated, unexpected ground conditions (soil and high-water level), changing of government regulations and laws, delays in obtaining permission from the municipality, loss of time by traffic control and restrictions at the job site, the problem with the inhabitant of community, delays in providing service from utilities (water and electricity’s) and accident during constructions accordingly. The present study also concluded the effects of the above factors which have delay road constructions through increasing of cost and overrun it, taken over time, creating of disputes, going for lawsuits, finally happing of abandon of projects. Thus, the present study has given the following recommendations to overcome of above problems by increasing detailed site investigations, ensure careful monitoring and regular meetings, effective site management, collaborative working, and effective coordination’s, proper and comprehensive planning and scheduling, and ensure full and intensive commitment from all parties accordingly.
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Rauzana, Anita, Aghnia Zahrah, and Wira Dharma. "Critical delay factors for construction projects in Central Aceh District, Indonesia." F1000Research 11 (April 29, 2022): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.110024.1.
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Background: Construction development in Indonesia is growing rapidly, especially in Central Aceh District. Construction projects have distinctive characteristics and are very complex, so that risk events can have a serious impact on the viability of the project. A lack of attention to the risks faced will affect project implementation by creating delays, resulting in losses. The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the risk factors that cause delays in construction projects and (2) determine those particular risk factors that have a greater influence on construction projects. The location of this research was Central Aceh District, Indonesia. Methods: The data in this study were primary data in the form of a questionnaire and secondary data obtained from the literature related to this particular type of research. Questionnaires were distributed to respondents, namely contractor companies located in the Central Aceh District. The questionnaires were distributed to determine respondents' opinions about the level of influence of risk factors causing project delays. We used a validity test, reliability test, and descriptive analysis for data processing. Results: Based on the results of the study from 47 respondents, the “very high influence” category (Mode=5) for the tool malfunction factor was chosen by 21 respondents (44.68%), cost estimation inaccuracy by 20 respondents (42.55%), increased work costs by 22 respondents (46.81%), implementation of new technologies by 25 respondents (53.19%), details, accuracy and conformity to specifications that are not appropriate by 20 respondents (42.55%), worker quarrels by 20 respondents (42.55%), poor project planning and management by 22 respondents (46.81%), poor condition at locations and accessibility difficulty by 20 respondents (42.55%). Conclusions: Of the 80 risk factors that caused project delays, eight risk factors were found to have a very high influence on the implementation of construction projects in Central Aceh District.
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Putri, Pratiwi Setyaning, and Hastanto S. M. Hastanto S. M. "Pengembangan Metode Percepatan Penjadwalan Pada Keterlambatan Proyek EPC Di Fase Pelaksanaan Dengan Analisa “What If”." FORUM MEKANIKA 8, no. 2 (November 27, 2019): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/forummekanika.v8i2.537.
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This study aims to analyze corrective actions that can be done if there is a project delay in one of the activities. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation. The gap between the actual and planned scheduling level (productivity gap) is a problem that must be evaluated and the root cause that causes the decline in work productivity is sought. After further evaluation, it is planned to re-target the acceleration that will be achieved both in the short and long term. The acceleration method for scheduling the duration of the project is done by the critical path method or CPM (Critical Path Method) for further development of corrective actions that can be done to overcome the delay in the duration of the project.
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Pai, Siddesh K., Neeraj Anand, and Ankut Mittal. "Analysis on Factors Causing Project Delays in Road and Highways Sector in India Using Relative Ranking Index Technique." Journal of Construction Research 3, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jcr.v3i2.4157.
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On-time completion of road infrastructure projects is a critical goal. Whenprojects were not completed on schedule and real construction progress isslower than expected, the inconvenience and disruption to business accessincreases. On time completion is linked to economic and social welfare,as well as safety. Construction delays continue to be a typical occurrence,despite the need of prompt completion.A literature study is conducted in this context in order to learn more aboutthe causes and factors that contribute to delays. Following a thoroughreview of the literature, it was determined that a questionnaire survey isthe most effective and trustworthy way for gathering information about thecauses and quantifying delays caused by emergent factors. The RelativeImportance Index (RII) method was used to analyze the data, and thereasons for the delay were prioritized according to their importance. Thisstudy focuses on the emergent concerns/causes and reasons of concernin road infrastructure projects, as well as how to priorities these issuessequentially during the planning stage. This study survey can assistconstruction companies doing business in India in understanding theessential or sensitive issues that require special attention in order to conducttheir businesses smoothly in this country while employing appropriateproject management practices.
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Babatunde, Solomon Olusola, Onaopepo Adeniyi, and Oluwaseyi Alabi Awodele. "Investigation into the causes of delay in land acquisition for PPP projects in developing countries." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 15, no. 4 (August 7, 2017): 552–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-05-2016-0029.
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Purpose The land is a critical resource for public-private partnerships (PPPs) in infrastructure development. However, acquisition of land for PPP infrastructure projects implementation increasingly becomes problematic in developing countries. Yet, effort at investigating the factors causing a delay in land acquisition for PPP infrastructure projects through an empirical method in developing countries received scant attention. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and critically assess the factors predisposing PPP projects implementation to land acquisition delay in Nigeria using an empirical approach. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted literature review and questionnaire survey. For instance, literature review was used to identify the factors causing delay in land acquisition for PPP projects in developing countries, which was used to design the questionnaire survey culminating in data analysis. To capture a broad perception, the questionnaires were administered to three different primary stakeholder groups comprised public sector authorities (i.e. ministries, department, agencies), concessionaires and lenders/banks involved in PPP projects implementation in Nigeria. Data collected were analysed using mean score, Kruskal–Wallis test and factor analysis. Findings The study revealed the mean score ranking of 22 identified factors causing a delay in land acquisition for PPP projects in Nigeria. The result of factor analysis grouped the 22 identified factors into 4 principal factors, namely, resettlement issues with political interference; non-availability of land with a higher cost of land transactions; weak planning institutions; and rehabilitation issues with extensive legal delays. Practical implications These study findings have implications for both policymakers considering PPP projects and private investors seeking to finance a PPP project in developing countries. Also, the study findings would be useful for the governments in Nigeria and other developing countries to formulate clear policies framework that facilitates the smooth acquisition of land for PPP projects. Originality/value The study will be beneficial to the potential local and foreign private investors and governments by broadening their awareness on impediments in land acquisition for PPP projects in Nigeria and developing countries at large. These study findings are crucial, as not many empirical studies have been conducted in Nigeria and many other developing countries.
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Mwamvani, Henry Duncan John, Christopher Amoah, and Emma Ayesu-Koranteng. "Causes of road projects' delays: a case of Blantyre, Malawi." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 12, no. 2 (December 6, 2021): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-09-2021-0113.
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PurposeThe study aims to find the causes of road projects implementation delays in Blantyre, one of the four city councils (CCs) in Malawi.Design/methodology/approachThe study followed a qualitative research approach using a Blantyre City Council (BCC) as a case study. This study combined in-depth, face-to-face interviews with councillors, secretariat staff, consultants, and contractors who worked on the city's road projects. Data gathered were analysed using thematic content analysis. Also, some road project documents were examined.FindingsThe findings from the case study revealed the primary cause of road project construction delays as the shortage of engineers in conducting detailed proposed projects surveys resulting in incomplete project scope definition before contractor's procurement. Other identified factors were service providers delaying the removal of existing public utility infrastructure from project sites, client funding issues, scope changes, and client delays in issuing instructions to the contractors during project implementation. Another factor was the shortage of construction equipment and construction materials experienced by some appointed contractors.Research limitations/implicationsOnly road construction projects and stakeholders operating from Blantyre city, Malawi, were contacted for the study; thus, the findings may not be generalizable.Practical implicationsThere is an urgent need to increase technical employees, especially engineers and other critical technical staff such as quantity surveyors in Blantyre. Employees' conditions of service should be conducive to attract qualified people to undertake effective management and assessment of projects before commencement to identify the feasibility of proposed projects to decrease the rate of road construction project delays.Originality/valueThe study has established Blantyre city's core challenges in implementing its road projects seamlessly and has provided mitigation measures for dealing with the shortcomings.
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Famiyeh, Samuel, Charles Teye Amoatey, Ebenezer Adaku, and Collins Sena Agbenohevi. "Major causes of construction time and cost overruns." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 15, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-11-2015-0075.
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Purpose In Ghana, the duration of construction projects from inception to completion is becoming a great concern, recently, especially among clients and beneficiaries, because of the rising interest rates, inflation, development plan targets, among other factors. Hence the need to understand the causes of delays and cost overrun in the construction sector has become more important than ever. This study therefore aims to identify the major factors underlying time and cost overruns in projects related to the education sector in Ghana to proffer practical solutions in addressing them. Design/methodology/approach The study conducted a survey among clients’ consultants and representatives of the contractors working on about 60 government school projects. A relative importance index was used to determine the relative effects of the factors causing construction time and cost overruns. Findings The key factors causing construction time overrun were: financial problems, unrealistic contract durations imposed by clients, poorly defined project scope, client-initiated variations, under-estimation of project cost by consultants, poor inspection/supervision of projects by consultants. Other factors were underestimation of project complexity by contractors, poor site management, inappropriate construction methods used by contractors and delays in the issuance of permits by government agencies. Factors affecting cost overruns were financial difficulty by client, delays in payments of completed works, variations in designs, lack of communications plans, poor feasibility and project analysis, poor financial management on site and material price fluctuations. Research limitations/implications The research was limited to only the educational sector projects. Practical implications Practically, this study highlights for the construction sector the critical factors causing project time and cost overruns in Ghana. Identification of these factors provides the basis for pragmatic solutions to enhance the chances of project success. Social implications The identification and solutions to project time and cost overruns, especially for educational sector projects, contribute toward making public goods more affordable and accessible to most citizens, particularly in developing countries. Originality/value This study contributes to the debate on factors causing project time and cost overruns in the construction sector especially from a developing country’s perspective.
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Wasito, Wasito, and Ahmad Yani Syaikhudin. "STUDI PENERAPAN CRITICAL PATH METODE (CPM) PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN PABRIK SEMEN REMBANG PT SEMEN GRESIK." J-MACC : Journal of Management and Accounting 3, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52166/j-macc.v3i2.2072.
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The process of planning and project control during the execution of the construction project work is an important part of the project. Because time is limited by the project management work schedules are determined so that the leaders involved in the project should be able to anticipate changes in conditions. The failure of a project can be caused by poor planning and control are less effective, so that the project activity is not efficient. Doing so may result in delay time, declining quality, and the rising cost of implementation. Conversely, careful planning and effective control will bring the project to success.Critical path method (CPM) is one option that is right for project management to control the project completion time effective and efficient. In order to reduce the impact of delays and cost overruns of the project budget can be done with three alternative acceleration process control; (I) Addition of labor, (ii) Overtime, (iii) Subcontract. Acceleration duration is done on the works is in the critical path.
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Kim, Kyong Ju, Bonghee Han, Min Seo Park, Kyoungmin Kim, and Eu Wang Kim. "Application Issues of Impacted As-Planned Schedule for Delay Analysis." Buildings 12, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091442.
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Most construction projects are delayed, and many are subject to claims or disputes. Therefore, delay analysis is a critical component of any construction project to determine who is responsible for delays. This research examines four different techniques for estimating delay impacts using the impacted as-planned (IAP) method. A sample network was introduced as an example to discuss several concerns. The advantages and limitations of each approach were identified, and recommendations were given for each approach. When inserting an activity or activities representing delay events in IAP, it is necessary to use both constraints and logical relations among delay events, their logical predecessors, and successors. Constraints representing the actual date of delay events are the simplest and easiest. However, constraints should not be used in “single insertion” and “inserting only owner- or contractor-caused delay” approach. In addition, in the case of using constraints, it is critical to ensure that the impact of delay events is less than the duration of those delay events. Constraints should be avoided in this scenario, and delay events should be logically connected to their logical predecessors and successors without constraints. This study also identified through an example that inserting delay events only by logic can cause wrong analysis results. The results of this study will be helpful for delay analysts in identifying what kinds of problems occur in IAP methods and how to prevent those problems.
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Delvika, Rizka Hasna, Imam Haryono, Devi Pratami, and Ageak Raporte Bermano. "QUALITY METRIC DESIGN USING INTERNAL CONTROL METHOD TO CONTROL THE QUALITY OF FIBER OPTIC INSTALLATION PROJECT." International Journal of Innovation in Enterprise System 3, no. 01 (January 31, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/ijies.v3i01.27.
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To provide internet network, one of public Telecommunication provider in Indonesia conduct several project related to fiber optic cable installation such as the STO Modernization Feeder project. In every project implementation, the company is concerned with quality in order to remain competitive with competitors. Deliverable which meets the project quality will produce the product in accordance with the requirements. STO Garut Feeder Modernization Project was experiencing delays which is caused by the non-conformity project deliverable to project specification during monitoring & controlling phase. At project planning, the quality metric was not designed, which can be used as a guideline for vendor in carrying out the project task and to assist the process of quality control. Quality metric design is carried out using internal control methods that can identify possible errors in each project activity and critical success criteria that define a successful activity that will be performed. Result shows that only 67.1% statement (critical success criteria) form critical activity is implemented. This result can answer why the project delay because the activity on critical path is mostly re-worked due to non-conformity issues.
Keywords—Quality, quality metric, internal control, control quality, telecommunication project
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Delvika, Rizka Hasna, Devi Pratami, Imam Haryono, and Ageak Raporte Bermano. "QUALITY METRIC DESIGN USING INTERNAL CONTROL METHOD TO CONTROL THE QUALITY OF FIBER OPTIC INSTALLATION PROJECT." International Journal of Innovation in Enterprise System 3, no. 01 (March 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/ijies.v2i02.106.
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To provide internet network, one of public Telecommunication provider in Indonesia conduct several project related to fiber optic cable installation such as the STO Modernization Feeder project. In every project implementation, the company is concerned with quality in order to remain competitive with competitors. Deliverable which meets the project quality will produce the product in accordance with the requirements. STO Garut Feeder Modernization Project was experiencing delays which is caused by the non-conformity project deliverable to project specification during monitoring & controlling phase. At project planning, the quality metric was not designed, which can be used as a guideline for vendor in carrying out the project task and to assist the process of quality control. Quality metric design is carried out using internal control methods that can identify possible errors in each project activity and critical success criteria that define a successful activity that will be performed. Result shows that only 67.1% statement (critical success criteria) form critical activity is implemented. This result can answer why the project delay because the activity on critical path is mostly re-worked due to non-conformity issues
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Al-Hazim, Nabil, and Zaydoun Abusalem. "Delay and cost overrun in road construction projects in Jordan." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 4, no. 2 (April 2, 2015): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v4i2.4409.
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This study aims to identify the most important factors that cause delay in road construction projects in Jordan, which results in cost and time overrun allocated for this type of engineering projects and cause critical problems for both the developer and the contractor. The gap between the cost at completion and that originally estimated, known as cost overrun, can be regarded as one of the most important parameters reflecting the success of projects. In the public sector, money spent on project change orders results in increased construction time which in return reduces the number and size of the projects that can be completed during any given fiscal year. To achieve this goal, the documents and the final reports for several sample projects implemented over the years 2000 to 2008 were analyzed. All the projects were administered by the same organization taken from Jordan Ministry of Rural and Public Works. The results of this study can assist highway officials in their design, planning, scheduling and projects completions so that necessary actions can be taken to control these overruns in future projects. The study showed that 19 factors might cause delays of road construction projects as defined through a detailed literature review. The analysis of the study indicated that the top causes affecting time and cost overrun in road construction projects in Jordan are Terrain and Weather conditions.
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Feyzbakhsh, Shahdad, Abdolrasul Telvari, and Ali Reza Lork. "Investigating the Causes of Delay in Construction of Urban Water Supply and Wastewater Project in Water and WasteWater Project in Tehran." Civil Engineering Journal 3, no. 12 (January 4, 2018): 1288. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-030958.
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It is obvious that providing drinking water in cities, especially in metropolises such as Tehran, as a political-social-economic center of the country is important. During the last decades, climatic changes, the decrease of raining, the increase of water harvesting from groundwater as well as the increase of population have intensified the importance of water in Tehran. Therefore, every change from water consumption to collecting, purifying and storing drinking water in the city reservoirs is highly critical. In the present study, the causes of delay in such projects have been determined based on experts' opinions about several concrete implemented reservoirs obtained by questionnaire and the related literature. Given to three classes pertained to such projects (employer, consultant and contractor), an initial questionnaire was provided to poll the experts' opinions and distributed among the sample of the study. In this regard, 45 Likert-scale questionnaires were equally distributed among three population; after gathering, the items with higher mean scores were selected for the main questionnaire (totally, 17 items). Using AHP method, the most important factors were identified and ranked through Expert choice Software. As the research findings revealed, failure of employer to pay to contractor timely, failure to obtaining the necessary permissions by employer before noticing to contactor to proceed, and uncertainty and buying project site by employer are the most important factors respectively.
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Farid, Waqas, Nadeem Ishaq Kureshi, Suqrat Babar, and Shahid Mahmood. "Critical Risk Factors of Construction Industry of Pakistan for Improving Project Outcome." January 2020 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2001.08.
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The aim of this paper is to identify various risk factors faced by construction industry during execution phase of the project. Relevant published literature was studied for the identification of the risk factors and professionals from the local construction industry of Pakistan were asked to rank these risk factors as per their impact on the local projects. Qualitative risk analysis was conducted using the RII (Relative Importance Index) scores and risk scores were calculated. To improve the quality of construction key risk factors highly influencing the local construction industry of Pakistan were identified. Amongst these factors, Construction delays due to unforeseen impediments, payment delays from Client and unreasonable and inflexible decisions were the crest causes highly influencing the project outcome. The top ten risks faced at projects in Pakistan were listed, discussed and conclusions were drawn.
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Silvianita, Amalia Herdianti Winda, Mulyadi Yeyes, and Suntoyo. "Pipe Transmission Project Planning Using What If Analysis Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 862 (January 2017): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.862.296.
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In order to succeed Indonesia’s mission to provide 23.000 MegaWatt, the gas pipeline transmission has been built. The Project consists of many activities that related to each other, If one of the activities are having a problem that caused a delay, then the succeeding activities will get affected and could cause a project’s delay. To anticipate, it needs the acceleration of the project’s activity. In this case, the pipe transmission project would cause a 7 day delay. To accelerate it, this study gives the calculation, using “What If Analysis Method” on “Critical Path Method”. The acceleration actions are treated in accordance with providing extra working hours and the certain amount of manpower in the succeeding activities.
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A.KA. Al-Btoush, Mohammed. "INVESTIGATION ON THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF VARIATION ORDERS IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN JORDAN." Journal of Advanced Sciences and Engineering Technologies 4, no. 1 (October 15, 2021): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32441/jaset.04.01.07.
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The construction industry nowadays faces several challenges that prevent it to be completed within the planned budget. the most effected challenge on the project cost is the variation orders, which became common on most construction projects. The variations in construction projects mean any change in quantity or quality of the project work. Based on various studies in the Jordanian construction industry it is found various sources of variation orders. Therefore, it is important to provide suitable recommendations to minimize variation orders during the project lifecycle. The aim of this study is to study the variation orders causes on the governmental construction project in Jordan. To meet that aim, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to locate and study the variation orders causes and its effect on construction projects worldwide. To achieve the study objectively the researcher adopted a structured questionnaire to gather the required data about the causes of VO. The collected data were analyzed statistically using the Relative Importance Index (RII). Based on the results of the study the critical causes of VO in construction projects in Jordan are grouped into main four groups such as causes related to owners, causes related to contractors, and causes related to consultants, causes related to unforeseen circumstances. The findings of the current study revealed that the critical causes of VO in the Jordanian construction industry are: unskilled laborers, inaccurate quantity take-off, shortage of human and equipment Resource, change of scope or plans by owners, absence of construction manuals and procedures , unavailability of the required labor skills , logistic delays , shortage of equipment and tools , technology changes , internal politics .Also, the results show that consultants are responsible for about 50% of the causes, 20% due to owners and unforeseen variations, and contractors are responsible for about 10% of the causes.
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TING, SIM NEE, BEATRICE JARIT, and YEE YONG LEE. "OCCURRENCE AND IMPACT ANALYSIS FOR TIME-RELATED RISKS IN MALAYSIA PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS." JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT 17, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2022.06.009.
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The public works sector in Malaysia has generally executed construction projects that are highly complex, requiring multiple components and involving a large scale of resources and management. Many construction works are carried out in rural settings with challenges and constraints in terms of site access, transportation and material availability. Hence, the problem of timely delivery of projects persists. It is critical to identify and manage schedule-related risks rigorously to ensure a successful and timely project delivery which is a precursor for the nation’s sustainable development. This study, part of efforts to set up a Malaysia-based risk registry, involves the identification of key risks related to scheduling in Malaysia’s public works infrastructure projects and the analysis of their occurrences and impacts. A total of 111 of 123 projects from the Sarawak state’s Public Works Department are studied via the case study method. The selection of projects was based on whether a project’s completion date was extended due to the occurrences of delay events. The number of occurrences is calculated based on the number of times a delay event occurred in the 111 projects. The impact analysis is carried out based on the total delay over the overall project delay for a project. The findings show that the most frequently occurring risk in the 111 projects is “exceptionally inclement weather”, “whereas risks related to land blockage”, “obstructions by others and approval from other authorities” are risks that caused high severity in terms of delay in schedule. Information obtained from this research is part of key effort for risk data and knowledge retention and dissemination which can be used for further risk analysis for future construction projects.
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Al-Janabi, Assim Muwafaq, Mohamed Shawky Abdel-Monem, and Karim Mohamed El-Dash. "FACTORS CAUSING REWORK AND THEIR IMPACT ON PROJECTS’ PERFORMANCE IN EGYPT." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 26, no. 7 (August 21, 2020): 666–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2020.12916.
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The Egyptian construction industry suffers from severe delays and cost overruns. Rework is a prime cause of this challenge. Therefore, the objective of this study to identify the root causes of rework for Egyptian construction projects and their impact on the project duration and cost. An extensive literature review has been done to identify the most common factors affecting rework. Hence, eighty-seven factors were identified and categorised into ten groups. Structured interview technique was adopted to get the opinions of 67 Egyptian construct professionals for nineteen different construction projects. Total Importance Index of Rework Impact (T.I.I.R.I%) was used to analyse and rank rework factors. Accordingly, the most critical five rework factors are economic situation for the country, schedule compression, design changes, specifications change, and inadequate feasibility study. Based on the survey results, the project stakeholders should consider the critical rework factors during the planning stage and before the project execution, to eliminate or reduce the occurrence and impact of rework causes and to improve the performance of the projects. This paper provides state of the art for rework causes and their effects on construction projects performance, and it can be beneficial for both practitioners and researchers for future work.
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Melaku Belay, Solomon, Seifu Tilahun, Mitiku Yehualaw, Jose Matos, Helder Sousa, and Endalew Temesgen Workneh. "Analysis of Cost Overrun and Schedule Delays of Infrastructure Projects in Low Income Economies: Case Studies in Ethiopia." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (November 17, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4991204.
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Today, several developing countries struggle to improve the cost and time performances of major infrastructure works due to various reasons. Cost overrun and delay are one of the major challenges being faced by the construction and infrastructure sector. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore the extent of cost overrun and schedule delays in building and road infrastructure projects across the Ethiopian construction industry. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey to evaluate the potential risks leading to those challenges. Various data analysis tools were employed, to investigate the critical causes of cost overrun and delays in infrastructure projects. The findings reveal that the minimum cost overrun for building construction projects is found to be 2%, whereas the maximum and average cost overruns are 248% and 35%, respectively. For road infrastructure projects, the minimum, maximum, and average cost overruns are found to be 1%, 61%, and 18%, respectively. Similarly, the minimum, maximum, and average delays recorded in building construction projects are 9%, 802%, and 143%, respectively, whereas, in road infrastructure projects, the minimum delay is found to be 3%, the maximum delay is 312%, and an average schedule delay of 110% is recorded. In addition, the top risk factors leading to cost overrun in infrastructure projects are inflation, inaccurate cost estimates, and variations, whereas the major risks causing schedule delays are variations, economic conditions, and escalation of material prices. Further, practical implications and key recommendations were provided to curb cost overrun and delay in infrastructure projects.
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Milind Mehta, Siddhant, Soowon Chang, Heung Jin Oh, Jin-Hyuk Kwon, and Sungjin Kim. "An Investigation of Construction Project Efficiency: Perception Gaps and the Interrelationships of Critical Factors." Buildings 12, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 1559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101559.
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Construction projects are complex as various project entities involve and collaborate with each other. This complexity not only causes issues such as project delays but also makes it difficult to manage projects. Previous research has often used productivity and efficiency interchangeably, but they are not the same. The field of construction efficiency has not been fully studied to understand its entire potential in a practical context. Toward this end, this research aims to support efficient construction project management by exploring the inefficiency factors as well as identifying the perception gaps between different occupations and the interrelationships between the factors. Twenty inefficiency factors were identified through a comprehensive literature review; then, the importance of the factors and the perception gaps among stakeholders were studied by analyzing online survey data using Rii (relative importance index), Welch’s t-test, and factor analysis. In addition, interviews with field engineers and managers allowed us to explore cause-and-effect relationships among the factors and determine triggering and critical factors based on their chain reactions. This research found that a major perception gap among project stakeholders was in the factor of unrealistic scheduled dates. The research contributes to project risk management and strategic planning for construction project efficiency.
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Abbas, N. N., and A. M. Burhan. "Investigating the Causes of Poor Cost Control in Iraqi Construction Projects." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 12, no. 1 (February 12, 2022): 8075–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4661.
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Controlling cost in construction projects is an essential issue. This study investigates the most critical problems that cause weakness in cost control in Iraqi construction projects. The quantitative technique was used by conducting a survey directed to professionals who work on construction projects. One hundred and sixty-four questionnaire forms were distributed to private sector companies, government companies, and government institutions, and the responses were subjected to the required statistical analysis. The results indicate that the most influential factors are the weakness in keeping up with the use of modern concepts, methods, and technologies, the delay in receiving the amounts due for work done from the owner, fluctuations in market prices, the lack of knowledge and the inefficient use of currently available tools and technology, and the security situation in the country. The results indicate that the Iraqi construction projects suffer from weakness in cost control, which causes them to stop or delay their delivery, and this needs serious and quick solutions. One of the most important solutions is the adoption of modern technologies and their inclusion in the construction sector and the development of special systems for managing costs that are appropriate to the Iraqi construction environment.