Journal articles: 'Critical approaches to development'

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Agarwal, Arun. "POSTSTRUCTURALIST APPROACHES TO DEVELOPMENT: SOME CRITICAL REFLECTIONS." Peace & Change 21, no. 4 (October 1996): 464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0130.1996.tb00283.x.

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Cunliffe, Ann L., and Jackie Margaret Ford. "Critical Approaches to Leadership Learning and Development." Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, no. 1 (July 2012): 15499. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.15499symposium.

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Grydehøj, Adam. "Critical approaches to island geography." Area 52, no. 1 (March 10, 2019): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/area.12546.

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O’Brien, Dave, Pablo Bose, and Christopher Harker. "The limits of critical approaches." City 12, no. 1 (April 2008): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13604810801933792.

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Divrik, Burkay. "Critical Approaches to the Concept of Sustainable Development." International Journal of Rural Development, Environment and Health Research 6, no. 3 (2022): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijreh.6.3.4.

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It has been observed that while living in harmony with nature on earth until the industrial revolution, with the industrial production and consumption society formed after the industrial revolution, humanity has started to dominate nature more and the damage caused to nature has increased. Economic growth, contrary to expectations, increasing inequality in the distribution of income, the impoverishment of the broad masses of the natural environment in the emergence of problems such as destruction of natural resources, growth and development of the concept of sustainable development has revealed the new concept. Sustainable development suggests that both economic development can continue and the ecological system can be protected; the contradiction between the environment and development will disappear. The concept of sustainable development has been considered to be able to solve many country problems since its first appearance, and has been applied to many fields such as economics, politics, the environment and social culture. In fact, there are many aspects of the concept of sustainable development that are open to criticism. The aim of this study is to address the criticisms brought to the concept with a collective perspective. For this purpose, the criticisms brought to the concept of sustainable development based on the previous studies conducted on the subject were examined. It is thought that the study will contribute to the literature by eliminating the lack of a critical perspective on sustainable development in this way.

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Moreira, João M. "Approaches to Teacher Professional Development: a critical appraisal*." European Journal of Teacher Education 19, no. 1 (January 1996): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0261976960190106.

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Connolly Carmalt, Jean, and Todd Faubion. "Normative approaches to critical health geography." Progress in Human Geography 34, no. 3 (August 21, 2009): 292–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132509343783.

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Billings, Jennifer Ruth. "Community development: a critical review of approaches to evaluation." Journal of Advanced Nursing 31, no. 2 (February 2000): 472–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.01278.x.

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Edwards, Gareth, Carole Elliott, Marian Iszatt-White, and Doris Schedlitzki. "Critical and alternative approaches to leadership learning and development." Management Learning 44, no. 1 (February 2013): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350507612473929.

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Özçelik, Onur, and D. Turgay Altilar. "Test-Driven Approach for Safety-Critical Software Development." Journal of Software 10, no. 7 (July 2015): 904–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17706//jsw.10.7.904-911.

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Sinclair, Karen. "Critical Challenges of Cultural Competence Professional Development." World Journal of Educational Research 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): p194. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjer.v7n1p194.

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Driven by increasing inequities in health, education and social outcomes for Aboriginal people, cultural competence professional development has become more commonplace in many organizations. There are hundreds, possibly thousands, of cultural awareness, cultural sensitivity, or cultural competence professional development workshops held throughout Australia each year. However, there is an uncertainty about whether some professional development approaches improve one’s knowledge, skills and attitudes towards diverse cultures. This article presents one of the key findings of a doctoral study which explored early years educators’ understandings of cultural competence and presents several viewpoints towards professional development. This article calls for approaches to professional development that move beyond passive transmission modes of learning towards localized, participatory models that encourage engagement with local community to privilege a diversity of voices and that also inspires critical self-reflection.

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Rahman, Mustafizur, Shusmita Islam, Rubiyet Fardous, Lamisa Yesmin, and Dip Nandi. "Applying Scrum Development on Safety Critical Systems." International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 14, no. 5 (October 8, 2022): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijitcs.2022.05.04.

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Scaled agile approaches are increasingly being used by automotive businesses to cope with the complexity of their organizations and products. The development of automotive systems necessitates the use of safe procedures. SafeScrum® is a real example of how agile approaches may be used in the creation of high-reliability systems on a small scale. A framework like SAFe or LeSS does not facilitate the creation of safety-critical systems in large-scale contexts from the start. User stories are a wonderful approach to convey flexible demands, the lifecycle is iterative, and testing is the initial stage in the development process. Scrum plus extra XP approaches may be used to build high-reliability software and certification by the IEC 61508 standard is required for the software. This adds a slew of new needs to the workflow. Scrum's quality assurance measures proved to be inadequate in a recent industry situation. Our study's overarching goal is to provide light on the Scrum development process so that it may be improved for use with life-or-death systems. Our study of the business world was a mixed-methods affair. The findings demonstrated that although Scrum is helpful in ensuring the security of each release, it is less nimble in other respects. The difficulties of prioritization, communication, time constraints, and preparing for and accepting new safety standards were all discussed. In addition, we have had some helpful feedback from the business world, but the generality issue arising from this particular setting has yet to be addressed.

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Caton, Kellee. "Critical event studies: approaches to research." Annals of Leisure Research 21, no. 1 (April 24, 2017): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2017.1319284.

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Fernández-Levin, Rosa. "Critical Approaches to Latin American Fiction." Latin American Research Review 29, no. 1 (1994): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100035457.

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yu Park, Hyung. "Critical Approaches to Tourism, Heritage and Culture." Tourism Planning & Development 19, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2021.2021473.

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Dwyer, David J., and Brian V. Street. "Social Literacies: Critical Approaches to Literacy in Development, Ethnography and Education." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 3, no. 3 (September 1997): 622. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3034794.

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Morrell, Ernest. "Critical Approaches to Media in Urban English Language Arts Teacher Development." Action in Teacher Education 33, no. 2 (June 2011): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01626620.2011.569416.

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D. Ricketts, Katie, Calum G. Turvey, and Miguel I. Gómez. "Value chain approaches to development." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 4, no. 1 (May 13, 2014): 2–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-10-2012-0025.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look at the ever-popular, “value-chain approach” for linking smallholder farmers to high value export markets. Conventional wisdom says that value chains undertaken for development purposes redistribute risk and provide benefits and services to participants that are otherwise difficult or impossible to obtain. The authors take a farmer-centric approach and ask farmers participating in these higher value chains if they perceive greater, or different risks and compare results to their conventional counterparts. The authors also ask what benefits they associate with participation and if they believe they believe those benefits are exclusive to value chain participation. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collect data from growers in three different cocoa value chains in Ashanti, Ghana. These chains include one focussed on certified production practices (Rainforest Alliance), one that focussed on high-value product characteristics (Fine Flavor) and a conventional chain, which serves as counterfactual. Findings – The paper finds differences in perceptions of participation risks and benefits – particularly among price risks – that appear to filter based on value chain membership. However, for many risks, value chain participation seems to do little to redistribute potential production shocks. With some exceptions, growers report that many of the benefits they enjoy as a result of participation could feasibly be accessed by other sources. Research limitations/implications – The limitations of this paper are related to sample size. This was managed from a statistical perspective. Social implications – The authors explore how these results might impact the sustainability of the value chain approach and encourage donors and development agencies to be thoughtful and critical about measuring how farmers perceive new market opportunities. Originality/value – The authors believe that this is the first paper prepared to critically investigate the perceived benefits of value chains.

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Joshi, Khem Raj. "Critical Incidents for Teachers’ Professional Development." Journal of NELTA Surkhet 5 (April 1, 2018): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jns.v5i0.19493.

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Analysis of critical incidents is one of the approaches of teacher professional development. A critical incident is any unplanned event which takes place during the class. It is something we interpret as a problem or challenge in a particular context, rather than a routine occurrence. The incident is said to be critical because it is valuable and has some meaning. In other words, incidents happen but critical incidents are created because of their importance. Teachers can critically analyze any of their lessons and can make a particular event critical by reflecting on it. The teachers ask not only what happened but also why it happened. They then use the incidents for future reference. This article deals with the benefits of critical incidents and the ways to analyze them, which lead to successful teacher professional development.Journal of NELTA Surkhet, Vol. 5 January, 2018f, Page: 82-88

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Knitter, Daniel, Katja Augustin, Ehsan Biniyaz, Wolfgang Hamer, Michael Kuhwald, Malte Schwanebeck, and Rainer Duttmann. "Geography and the Anthropocene: Critical approaches needed." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 43, no. 3 (March 25, 2019): 451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133319829395.

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“The Anthropocene” currently serves as a framework to acknowledge global human influences on the earth systems. Different prominent authors call for geographers and especially physical geographers to intensify their involvement in the discussions on the theme. A bibliometric analysis shows that geographers are already one of the leading contributors to the keyword Anthropocene in journal articles. While we generally support the standpoint of increased engagement with the topic, we want to emphasize that we need to do more than only attaching the “Anthropocene” label to our daily research practice. A critical engagement with and reflection of the research questions and contexts is needed to play a vital role as discussant in the debate. We should take advantage of the diverse themes, topics and viewpoints of our subject by actively following a more critical approach to our research practices in order to find those geographic ties that join us and our discipline and that enable us to contribute more substantially to the Anthropocene debate.

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Matytsina, Marina. "Critical Discourse Analysis: Theoretical and Methodological Approaches." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 3 (November 2019): 206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.3.17.

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The article is devoted to formation and development of discourse analysis as an effective method to study functional aspects of political communication in global political space. It reports on main theoretical and methodological approaches to critical analysis of political discourse. Mainly, it deals with theoretical and methodological perspectives of three leading schools of critical discourse analysis: discourse analysis of N. Fairclough, that presents a relational approach to considering social problems in their relation to textual analysis; socio-cognitive theory of T.A. van Dijk, oriented to investigating relations between cognitive structures, discourse and social coordination; discourse analysis of R. Wodak, that uses historical approach to discourse and is aimed at description of powerful language of the elite that helps to maintain dominance in society. The paper characterizes some frameworks of critical analysis of political discourse, including the Duisburg School of Critical Discourse Analysis (S. Jäger, F. Maier), System-Functional and Social-Semiotic Theory (M. Halliday, T. van Leeuwen), and Mediated Discourse Analysis (R. Scollon, S. Scollon). It is stated that within its boundaries critical discourse analysis includes a variety of approaches, analytical tools and methodologies. The author underlines that scientific consideration of critical discourse analysis will demonstrate its potential and prospects for integrating this interdisciplinary qualitative methodology into a set of empirical tools of modern political science.

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Belcher, Oliver C. "Critical Approaches to International Security - By K M Fierke." Geographical Journal 174, no. 2 (June 2008): 186–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4959.2008.283_5.x.

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Pitts, Forrest R. "A Review of “Sitings: Critical Approaches to Korean Geography”." Professional Geographer 61, no. 3 (July 6, 2009): 422–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00330120902979696.

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Dirks, Joni L. "Alternative Approaches to Mentoring." Critical Care Nurse 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): e9-e16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2021789.

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Topic Various approaches facilitate mentoring for critical care nurses. Clinical Relevance Mentoring is an important strategy to help recruit, retain, and develop nurses with critical care expertise. Mentoring benefits nurses at all career stages, from novice to expert. Effective mentoring programs benefit not only mentors and mentees but also organizations and patients by ensuring adequate numbers of nurses with critical care knowledge and skills. Purpose Mentoring programs require careful planning to ensure that the objectives of the program align with the needs of the target audience, and that adequate resources are available to support the mentor-mentee relationship. This article identifies opportunities for mentoring in critical care nursing and provides recommendations from the literature for developing an effective program. Content Covered Various objectives for mentoring programs are described, including supporting retention, providing clinical development, and planning succession. Program logistics are explored, such as selecting mentors, matching mentors with mentees, setting goals and expectations, and evaluating the program. In addition, the article identifies strategies for overcoming common barriers to mentoring, which include a lack of time and poor access to qualified mentors.

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Akbar, M. Bilal, Jeff French, and Alison Lawson. "Critical review on social marketing planning approaches." Social Business 9, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 361–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1362/204440819x15633617555894.

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Purpose This paper presents the first attempt to map and critically review existing social marketing planning approaches. Approach Critical literature review. Findings The discussion highlights that existing social marketing planning approaches have moved on from older product-driven models towards a more customer/ citizen-oriented, stakeholder engagement and value creation narrative. There is also a growing connection between social marketing planning approaches and theories from other disciplines. This recognises that a simple push marketing strategy, which was the working principle of many early social marketingplanning approaches, is not often effective for contemporary social marketing practice. Effective social marketing planning requires a greater emphasis on new social marketing principles derived from the new global consensus social marketing definition, such as more citizen focus, sustainable outcomes, and ethical practice, thus highlighting a need for more comprehensive social marketing planning approaches with a better understanding of recent theory development of social marketing as a field in order to be relatable and efficient. Implications The review sets out some original thinking about how planning in the field of social marketing can be strengthened through a more inclusive adoption of both system thinking analysis and integration with other fields of theory and practice that are seeking to influence behaviour for social good. Limitations This review is exploratory in nature and evaluates only 14 social marketing planning approaches; more social marketing approaches exist and could be considered in further reviews.

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Seo, Joon-Kyo. "Critical Approaches to the Effects of Sharing Economy on Urban Sustainable Development." Korean Association of NGO Studies (KANGOS) 15, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 97–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.35225/kdps.2020.15.1.97.

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Shunglu, Raghav, Sören Köpke, Lav Kanoi, Thushantha S. Nissanka, Chandana R. Withanachchi, Deepika U. Gamage, Hansani R. Dissanayake, Aysegul Kibaroglu, Olcay Ünver, and Sisira S. Withanachchi. "Barriers in Participative Water Governance: A Critical Analysis of Community Development Approaches." Water 14, no. 5 (February 28, 2022): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14050762.

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Participatory approaches within development programs involving common-pool resources are intended to revive a community’s role in managing these resources. Certainly, to ensure the successful and equitable use of such resources, community participation is essential. However, in many cases, attempts at applying a participatory approach often fail to genuinely engage all subgroups within a community due to assumptions of homogeneity and a lack of understanding of the deep socio-political divisions between people. As a result, development programs can be plagued by these pre-existing power relations, potentially resulting in tokenistic community participation and the continuation of elite capture of natural resources to the same extent or worse than before a development program has begun. This in turn can negatively impact good governance and the fair distribution of a common pool resource. This paper explores the use of participatory approaches in water projects, assessing to what degree power relationships impact water management programs. Using a qualitative approach, the paper identifies key challenges of participatory water governance through case studies from Turkey, India, and Sri Lanka, exploring: lack of social trust, elite capture of participatory processes, power heterogeneity and imbalances at the micro-level, and a lack of inclusive participation in decision-making. Based on the analysis of these case studies, this paper argues that it is essential for participatory development interventions to understand socio-political power relations within a community—an inherently complex and contested space. The so-called “exit strategy” of a community project play a key role to decide the project sustainability that grants the “community ownership” of the project. Such an understanding can bring about greater success in development interventions attempting to address water-related issues.

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Sawyer, Jason M., and Shane R. Brady. "Applying Critical Grounded Theory to Community Intervention Development Methodology: Designing the Critical Difference Engagement Approach." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 21 (January 2022): 160940692211413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221141308.

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Multiple factors contribute to community practice’s ongoing challenge of developing effective, evidence-informed, and socially just practice interventions. Currently, rationally driven systematic reviews dominate intervention design and development in various interprofessional applied health and human service fields, including community practice. As a result, community interventions often undergo significant development outside complex community contexts in which social problems manifest. Drawing from a case example of one author’s participation in a community engaged intervention development study based on mobilizing across differences, this piece advances an inclusive approach to community-based participatory intervention development driven by critical grounded theory. Undergirded by critical research perspectives, the article offers an early-stage intervention development methodology derived from the field in collaboration with community practitioners and resident leaders. Built upon existing interdisciplinary scholarship, it blends prominent intervention development frameworks, participatory research approaches, and critical grounded theory methods. Authors aim to aid scholars, practitioners, and community leaders in developing socially just, inclusive, and contextually relevant intervention approaches that originate from within communities directly impacted by social problems.

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Zakrzewski, Pawel, Janusz Narkiewicz, and Darren Brenchley. "Safety Critical Software Development Methodologies in Avionics." Transactions on Aerospace Research 2020, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tar-2020-0011.

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AbstractThis article summarizes avionics safety-critical software development methodologies and implications of the DO-178C standard from an Agile application perspective. We explain the safety-critical software categorization. It also outlines the main differences and advantages of different approaches to the development process, from Waterfall through the V-model to Iterative and Incremental. Agile principles are explained as well as a Scrum – which is a popular framework in the non-safety-critical software industry. The application of Agile, for safety-critical software considerations, is based on the practical knowledge of the authors, and looks at the potential solution from a DO-178C standard, size of the project, scalability, and organizational culture points of view. Definition of the Agile type of framework, consistent with the certification process and existing standards, has been highlighted as a potential game-changer for the avionics industry.

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Amezaga, Jaime M. "Mining in Latin America: Critical Approaches to the New Extraction." Mountain Research and Development 37, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/mrd.mm203.

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Blanc, D., R. Kellagher, L. Phan, and R. Price. "FLUPOL-MOSQITO, models, simulations, critical analysis and development." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 1 (July 1, 1995): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0042.

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In the domain of water quality modelling in urban drainage, FLUPOL and MOSQITO are among the first software packages to simulate pollutographs during a particular rainfall event. They both have similar approaches to the phenomenon. Nevertheless the observed divergences between them induced a comparison of the two programs by Anjou Recherche and Wallingford Software. Even if the experiments made with the original calibration and validation data, followed by the one on the pilot study of the Stangalard, pointed out the difficulty of having a fully balanced benchmark, it seems that the FLUPOL concepts were more appropriate for operational engineering.

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Bilello, Peter A. "Critical Information." Mechanical Engineering 134, no. 06 (June 1, 2012): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2012-jun-2.

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This article discusses the shift to product lifecycle management (PLM) systems by various mechanical engineering companies. Systems engineers and information-handling experts are joining forces to get a grip on the information explosion, thanks primarily to the timely convergence of systems engineering with digital design and development. PLM supports the extended enterprise. The rationale behind using PLM is to ensure that the ideas and information driving the development of today’s products incorporate best practices and everything learned right up to the product-release date. The rapid increase in electronic controls and software that are being built into key auto components requires that mechanical engineers and electrical engineers work ever more closely together. This highlights the need to integrate the very different approaches to development that the two disciplines use. One of the key functions of PLM is to make sure all the data in those analyses are retained, not just the conclusions.

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Baker, David P., Eduardo Salas, and Janis A. Cannon-Bowers. "Team Job Analysis: A Critical Training Need?" Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 20 (October 1998): 1408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804202011.

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the issue of job analysis for teams (i.e., team job analysis) in light of its critical role in team training development. This was accomplished by: a) presenting a description of what constitutes a team job analysis and its critical requirements for team training development, b) summarizing characteristics of past approaches to team job analysis, c) analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches, and d) examining the applied and empirical research literature for guidance on how best to conduct a team job analysis. In addition, a series of thought provoking questions regarding team job analysis and its role in team training development are raised.

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Khlyzova, Natalia Yu. "Scientific approaches to developing critical thinking in Asian-Pacific region." SHS Web of Conferences 134 (2022): 00174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213400174.

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This article deals with the study of critical thinking, the need and the ways to apply it in regional studies. It analyzes scientific and educational approaches to developing critical thinking in Asia-Pacific region. It studies them in a theoretical level and tests across regional studies. It gives the reasons to develop critical thinking across regional studies to improve a complex regional analysis in the modern conditions of informatization. It proves the need of integration of critical thinking and regional studies. The author offers to enlarge the model of professional competences of regional studies experts with critical thinking development, emphasizing the purposeful and systematic way of this development. The hypothesis of the work is that investigation of the scientific approaches to developing critical thinking in Asian-Pacific region will promote critical thinking of regional studies experts and their ability to analyse the region. It presents the results showing the effectiveness of the given professional competence model and higher level of critical thinking developed by purposeful and systematic steps during regional studies activities.

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Ziotti Narita, Felipe, and Jeremiah Morelock. "Critical Social Analysis of Crisis." Praktyka Teoretyczna 42, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 7–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/prt2021.4.1.

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In this article, we offer a critical social analysis of crisis in light of capitalist development and, above all, in the post-2008 world. We discuss five approaches in the social sciences that deal with the problem of crisis and develop some theoretical lines for a critical approach to the theme. We argue that precarity can be an important topic for grasping the current crises via critical approaches. The text also presents the six articles that are part of the issue we edited for Praktyka Teoretyczna entitled “Latency of the crisis.”

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Eriksen, Stein Sundstøl. "The Uses of Comparisons: A Critical Review of Approaches to Comparisons in Development Studies." Forum for Development Studies 45, no. 2 (May 4, 2018): 327–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08039410.2018.1467485.

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Mäkelä, Maria, and Hanna Meretoja. "Critical Approaches to the Storytelling Boom." Poetics Today 43, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 191–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03335372-9642567.

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Abstract The proponents of the contemporary storytelling boom, such as professional business storytellers and self-help coaches, urge individuals, groups, institutions, and corporations alike to find and tell their story. Social media as the predominant narrative environment for contemporary storytellers promotes the instrumentalization and commodification of stories of personal experience. Literary fiction as the primary locus for narrative experimentation finds itself conditioned and challenged by the story logic of social media, but it also possesses unique affordances for a critical engagement with the current celebration of narrative. How should a narrative theorist position oneself vis-à-vis these developments that are currently changing the public notions of what narratives are and what they can do? By drawing from narrative hermeneutics and cognitive and rhetorical narratology, this article outlines a “story-critical” approach to the current storytelling boom and provides examples of how to bring narrative-theoretical findings to bear on public and professional nonacademic storytalk. The article focuses particularly on a critical analysis of storytelling consultancy, provides an overview of antinarrativist approaches and recent criticism of the storytelling boom in narrative studies, analyzes the story logic of social media, discusses the critical potential of contemporary “metanarrative” forms of fiction, and proposes narrative hermeneutics as one possible paradigm for the critical examination of storytelling cultures. It concludes by envisioning future forms of public critical engagement for narrative theorists. Popular notions of narrative tend to celebrate the cognitive and moral benefits of storytelling while downplaying the limits of narrative understanding and popular story formulas; this article thus identifies the dissemination of tools for a critical narrative analysis among various audiences as an important task for narrative scholars.

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Escobar Moreno, F., and M. H. Ramírez Díaz. "Learning electrical circuits for the development of critical thinking." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2073, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2073/1/012001.

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Abstract This article presents an articulated proposal of two pedagogical approaches to favor the development of critical thinking from a physics topic. The purpose is to design a didactic sequence for the subject of electrical circuits, using two articulated pedagogical approaches so that students from a school of engineering in Mexico must solve an engineering problem linked to a relevant topic of physics, such as the characteristics of electrical circuits, the problem must be solved methodologically and systematically. The inquiry approach is quantitative, with a quasi-experimental design, a validated instrument is used for data collection. Subsequently, the hypothesis test for differences between means is applied and the results are analyzed. Thus, it is found that the development of critical thinking is incipient; however, the assessment of physics learning products reveals relevant findings such as the promotion of creativity. Likewise, the problem presented to the students allows them to contextualize their learning and recognize the relevance and application of the characteristics of electrical circuits. This inquiry confirms that the development of critical thinking through physics improves the comprehensive training of engineers. Therefore, according to the results, there is empirical evidence that both articulated methodologies can gradually favor the development of critical thinking; In addition, the methodological and contextualized learning of physics through the subject of electrical circuits is applied to a branch of engineering.

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Youn, Ik Joong, and Bernhard Seliger. "A Critical Review of Existing Approaches to Siberia: Relevance to Siberian Economic Development." International Studies Review 6, no. 2 (September 28, 2005): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667078x-00602006.

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Russia went through major political and economic changes in the 1990s. Siberia, historically a resource-colony, also began autonomous economic development. However, economic development did not succeed as planned and resulted in total failure. Siberia still holds the same meaning to Russia, as a colony that provides natural resources. But the exploitation of Siberia's rich resources is not enough to entice policymakers and scientists to develop Siberia until it reaches its full economic potential. This leads to a concentration of research in the economic analysis of resources, energy, transport, environment, agriculture, and forestry. The focus on institutional transformation is very typical in the discussion about Central Europe, Eastern Europe, and Russia's transformation, while micro-institutional analyses remain silent about Siberia. Emerging research on fiscal federalism and regionalization in Russia can provide basic elements of a micro-institutional theory, but elements such as a framework for education, local administration, and infrastructure are still wanting.

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Zheng, Zi Hao, Tsz Wing Sam, YingYing Zeng, Justin Jang Hann Chu, and Yuin-Han Loh. "Chromatin Regulation in Development: Current Understanding and Approaches." Stem Cells International 2021 (February 2, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8817581.

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The regulation of mammalian stem cell fate during differentiation is complex and can be delineated across many levels. At the chromatin level, the replacement of histone variants by chromatin-modifying proteins, enrichment of specific active and repressive histone modifications, long-range gene interactions, and topological changes all play crucial roles in the determination of cell fate. These processes control regulatory elements of critical transcriptional factors, thereby establishing the networks unique to different cell fates and initiate waves of distinctive transcription events. Due to the technical challenges posed by previous methods, it was difficult to decipher the mechanism of cell fate determination at early embryogenesis through chromatin regulation. Recently, single-cell approaches have revolutionised the field of developmental biology, allowing unprecedented insights into chromatin structure and interactions in early lineage segregation events during differentiation. Here, we review the recent technological advancements and how they have furthered our understanding of chromatin regulation during early differentiation events.

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Burghardt, Madeline, Tracy Edelist, Ann Fudge Schormans, and Karen Yoshida. "Coming to Critical Disability Studies: Critical Reflections on Disability in Health and Social Work Professions." Canadian Journal of Disability Studies 10, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 23–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjds.v10i1.743.

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This paper describes how four ‘helping’ professionals came to embrace and teach critical disability studies (CDS) perspectives rather than biomedical approaches to impairment and disability that traditionally inform those professions (occupational therapy, physiotherapy, social work, and speech-language pathology). Sharing examples from our experiences, we describe how we came to question the normative, ableist assumptions of our professional disciplines. We then briefly outline literature demonstrating how critical approaches have been incorporated into professional research and practice and discuss possible obstacles and tensions in adopting more widespread critical approaches into professional spaces. We conclude by suggesting that continued development of connections among scholars and activists within CDS, rehabilitation and social work, and the community, is necessary to ensure that intersectional critical perspectives in relation to disability become a core component of professional training programs.

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Kok, Esther J., Henk J. M. Aarts, A. M. Angeline van Hoef, and Harry A. Kuiper. "DNA Methods: Critical Review of Innovative Approaches." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 85, no. 3 (May 1, 2002): 797–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/85.3.797.

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Abstract The presence of ingredients derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food products in the market place is subject to a number of European regulations that stipulate which product consisting of or containing GMO-derived ingredients should be labeled as such. In order to maintain these labeling requirements, a variety of different GMO detection methods have been developed to screen for either the presence of DNA or protein derived from (approved) GM varieties. Recent incidents where unapproved GM varieties entered the European market show that more powerful GMO detection and identification methods will be needed to maintain European labeling requirements in an adequate, efficient, and cost-effective way. This report discusses the current state-of-the-art as well as future developments in GMO detection.

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Jovanovic, Matija. "Neomarxist approaches to environmental crisis and sustainable development." Sociologija 57, no. 3 (2015): 421–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1503421j.

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This paper discusses two neomarxist theories of ecological crises - theory of metabolic rift and the second contradiction of capitalism theory. The goal of the paper is to present two critical theories and to confront them so similarities, differences, flaws and contributions of those theories can be identified. In the first part of the paper author classifies different approaches to ecological crisis and sustainable development in order to relate two neomarxist theories to other approaches to the topic. In the second part, author discusses theory of metabolic rift, which is a heuristic analysis of Marx?s original work. In other words, this theory represents a new reading of the classic and tries to integrate it?s new findings about envirnmental side of Marx?s thought into a contemporary marxist theory. Third part of the paper is reserved for the second contradiction of capitalism, a neomarxist theory of economic crisis which can be applied as a theory of ecological crisis. Two theories are then confronted after which similarities and differences between them are pointed out. The author concludes the paper by stressing out the flaws and scientific contributions of the two theories.

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Roy Chowdhury, Rinku, and Emilio F. Moran. "Turning the curve: A critical review of Kuznets approaches." Applied Geography 32, no. 1 (January 2012): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.07.004.

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Bassachs, Marcel, Dolors Cañabate, Lluís Nogué, Teresa Serra, Remigijus Bubnys, and Jordi Colomer. "Fostering Critical Reflection in Primary Education through STEAM Approaches." Education Sciences 10, no. 12 (December 16, 2020): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci10120384.

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This paper describes a quantitative study that explores teaching practices in primary education to sustain the hypothesis that students’ critical thinking may be activated through individual and group reflection. The study examines the quality of the reflections from primary school students during group processing when participating in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Math (STEAM) instructional approaches. The project’s core methodology lies in scientific (physics) and artistic (dance) instructional activities which were executed in a continuous reflective and cooperative learning environment. The educational approach was refined by analyzing the reflective discussions from focus groups where descriptive, argumentative, reflective and critical reflective knowledge about acquired knowledge, competences, beliefs, attitudes and emotions were considered. While the educational intervention proved that 1st-year (K-7) students essentially reflected at the level of description, 3rd-year (K-9) and 5th-year (K-11) students, however, attained higher levels of individual critical reflection development than initially anticipated. The STEAM approaches were found to produce significant use and understanding of both science and artistic concepts and to increase a sense of competence readiness and a perception of modes of cooperation such as individual responsibility and promotive interaction.

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MOREIRA, JOANA, and ANDREAS DEUTSCH. "CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODELS OF TUMOR DEVELOPMENT: A CRITICAL REVIEW." Advances in Complex Systems 05, no. 02n03 (June 2002): 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525902000572.

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Cancer development can be viewed as an example of spatio-temporal pattern formation. Several attempts have been made to model and predict malignant tumor behavior and also to account for immune system response and the impact of possible clinical treatments. Modeling started from a macroscopic perspective and developed towards cell-based approaches, from which cellular automaton (CA) models are an example. In this article, we first introduce the general concept of CA systems. Then, we review CA models of tumor development, focusing on avascular and vascular growth, tumor invasion and angiogenesis. Finally, a comparative analysis of the models as well as criteria for designing new CA models are provided and future perspectives are outlined.

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Ruttimann, Urs E. "Statistical Approaches to Development and Validation of Predictive Instruments." Critical Care Clinics 10, no. 1 (January 1994): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0704(18)30142-8.

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Ismayilova, Sevda. "The essence of critical thinking and the stages of its development in English lessons." Scientific Bulletin 2 (2020): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54414/snkr1809.

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Malinowsky, A. A. "Critical-legal method in jurisprudence." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 3, no. 2 (June 15, 2016): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18133.

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The article analyzes the problems of modern methodology of knowledge of legal reality. The author proves the necessity of a theoretical study of the critical-legal method, which currently has no «official status» specially-legal method. The article describes the main approaches to the development of evidence-based epistemological methods are most effective application of this method in jurisprudence, lawmaking and law enforcement.

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Al-Azm, Sadik J. "Islamic Fundamentalism Reconsidered: A Critical Outline of Problems, Ideas and Approaches, Part I." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 13, no. 1 and 2 (1993): 93–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07323867-13-1_and_2-93.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Critical approaches to development'

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