Academic literature on the topic 'Crisis stage diagnosis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Crisis stage diagnosis"
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Petrovici, Iasmina, Mihaela Ionica, and Octavian C. Neagoe. "Economic Crisis: A Factor for the Delayed Diagnosis of Breast Cancer." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 10, 2021): 3998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18083998.
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Considering the constant increase in breast cancer patients, identifying factors that influence the moment of diagnosis is essential for optimizing therapeutic management and associated cost. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the impact of the economic crisis on the moment of a breast cancer diagnosis. This retrospective observational study analyzed a cohort of 4929 patients diagnosed with breast cancer over the course of 19 years in the Western region of Romania. The time interval was divided based on the onset of the economic crisis into 3 periods: pre-crisis (2001–2006), crisis (2007–2012), and post-crisis (2013–2019). The disease stage at the moment of diagnosis was considered either early (stages 0, I, II) or advanced (stages III, IV). Although recording a similar mean number of patients diagnosed per year during the pre- and crisis periods, a significantly higher percentage of patients were diagnosed with late-stage breast cancer during the economic crisis period compared to the previous interval (46.9% vs. 56.3%, p < 0.01). This difference was further accentuated when accounting for environmental setting, with 65.2% of patients from a rural setting being diagnosed with advanced disease during the crisis interval. An overall improvement of 12% in early-stage breast cancer diagnosis was recorded in the post-crisis period (55.7%, p < 0.001). The findings of this study support periods of economic instability as potential factors for a delay in breast cancer diagnosis and highlight the need for the development of specific strategies aimed at reducing cancer healthcare and associated financial burden in times of economic crisis.
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Sharanov, Roman. "Enterprise Crisis Management Algorithm." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Economic Sciences, no. 6(39) (2021): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2663-1636.2021.6(39).288-296.
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The article devotes to the study of the enterprise crisis management process. In recent years, a large number of enterprises in Ukraine have suffered losses. This result related to both the internal problems in the country and the emergence of a new coronavirus crisis. Thus, in the conditions of unstable development of both world and domestic economy, the formation of the crisis management system is important for enterprises. Thus, the enterprise crisis management algorithm offered, which takes into account the peculiarities of the activity of small, medium and large business entities. The algorithm consists of the following stages: diagnostics of the business entity (small, medium, large), determining the crisis and its causes, developing a strategy to eliminate the threat, developing crisis measures to eliminate the threat, implementation of selected measures and monitoring their implementation, identifying the reasons for the ineffectiveness of measures (in case of overcoming the crisis) and eliminating the threat. There is a significant difference in crisis management between different businesses at the diagnostic stage. For small businesses, the diagnosis consists of assessing revenue, profitability, working capital. Diagnosis of medium-sized enterprises should be comprehensive and cover all areas of enterprise activity. Diagnosis of large enterprises consists of both comprehensive diagnostics and models for assessing the level of bankruptcy. Crisis management strategies and measures for small, medium and large businesses are common; however, the choice should take into account the possibility of their implementation in a particular enterprise. Depending on the stage of the crisis, the recommended strategies and crisis management measures. In consequence of the proposed algorithm, the company will be able to timely identify and overcome threats, and ensure continuous monitoring of its activities. It was indicated the practical significance of the above algorithm, which consists in early detection and consistent overcoming of problems in the activity of domestic enterprises in an unstable economic environment.
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Татар, Марина Сергіївна, and Ольга Михайлівна Козловська. "ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ГЛИБИНИ КРИЗОВИХ ЯВИЩ БАНКІВСЬКИХ УСТАНОВ ТА РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ АНТИКРИЗОВИХ ЗАХОДІВ." TIME DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC REFORMS, no. 4 (January 27, 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/cher.2019.4.09.
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In the current economic environment, due to economic and political instability, a large number of banks are unable to adequately respond to changes of external and internal environment, which can lead to crisis situations, so the problem of identifying patterns and causes of banking crises, as well as identifying opportunities to overcome them relevant. The aim of the research is development of theoretical and methodological provisions on the patterns of occurrence of banking crises and development practical recommendations on the use of methods and tools that can prevent and overcome crisis phenomena. The subject of the research is the regularity of the occurrence of banking crises and the implementation of the mechanism of banks anticrisis management. The methods of the research: analysis, synthesis, abstract and logical, comparative and statistical, generalization and grouping; structural, functional, integral method, etc. The hypothesis of the research. There is a need for differentiation of anti-crisis measures depending on the level of bank crisis state. The statement of basic materials. Factors of occurrence of banking crises are classified. The comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of crisis phenomena in the financial activity of banks has been developed. It is determined that in selecting the criteria and indicators for identifying the bank crisis state, differentiated approach should be used, which is based on the proposed system of indicators, which should reflect the level of bank capital adequacy, liquidity, financial stability, business activity, profitability and efficiency indicators of bank profitability and efficiency so the most important indicators of bank's activity. Preventive and reactive measures in the anticrisis management system of banks depending on the level of the crisis state are proposed. The originality and practical significance of the research is development a comprehensive approach to crisis diagnosis in bank operations on the bases of publicly available data obtained from the published financial statements of the bank. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. Crisis phenomena were diagnosed in the activity of PRAVEX BANK JSC, the complex of preventive and reactive measures of anti-crisis management of banks financial activity was developed, which is a set of methods and instruments aimed at achieving certain target targets, formulated according to crisis stage and depth.
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Liakh, Tetiana, Tetiana Spirina, and Tetiana Alieksieienko. "RECOMMENDATIONS ON SOCIAL SUPPORT TO FAMILIES AFFECTED BY HIV/AIDS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 20, 2020): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol4.4944.
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The purpose of this article is to provide recommendations for social workers and social field practitioners of state and non-governmental organizations working with families affected by HIV/AIDS. The article identifies a series of crisis stages of families affected by HIV/AIDS. Families caring for HIV-positive children go through four crisis stages. The first stage comes after the report about an unconfirmed possibility that a child has HIV. The second stage is when the diagnosis confirms the child’s HIV positive status. The third stage coincides with the first signs of opportunistic infections in the child. The fourth stage is associated with the progression of the disease and the development of the fourth clinical stage of HIV infection. At each of these stages, families need medical, psychological, and social support. In line with professional support, an effective method of assistance and a way to overcome a crisis can be self-help groups, in which people learn to voice their difficulties and problems, seek support or provide it to other families. Using the results of the study gained through focus groups with social work practitioners from various regions of Ukraine, the authors developed recommendations on supporting families affected by HIV/AIDS.
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Svyrydovа, N. K., and G. S. Lubenets. "Uncontrolled hypertension in patients with chronic ischemia of the brain." East European Journal of Neurology, no. 2(2) (December 20, 2015): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33444/2411-5797.2015.2(2).3-13.
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The incidence of hypertension is an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. A special problem is uncontrolled hypertension, with the progression of which is 7 times more likely to develop chronic ischemia. At the present stage of diagnosis and treatment of uncontrolled hypertension hypertensive crises is the problem as critical state. Violation of cerebral hemodynamics and function of the brain in patients with chronic brain ischemia determine the clinical picture of hypertensive crisis complicated course. The article highlights the theoretical foundations of the mechanisms of etiopathogenetical, clinical course, diagnosis and modern aspects of the treatment of chronic brain ischemia in the development of hypertensive crisis. The results of their research on the changes of regional cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood flow parameters or transient change in the substance of the brain after hypertensive crises using modern research methods: daily monitoring of blood pressure and single photon emission computed tomography.
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Anklesaria, Pervin N., Suresh H. Advani, and Avinash N. Bhisey. "Studies on Granulocyte Functions in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia." Tumori Journal 71, no. 4 (August 1985): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089168507100401.
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Granulcoyte functions, viz. endocytosis, NADPH oxidase activity and iodination by leukocytes, were studied in granulocytes isolated from 17 chronic myeloid leukemia (CIVIL) patients at initial diagnosis (stage I), from 10 patients in relapse (stage II), and 10 patients in acute blastic crisis (stage III). The mean phagocytic index of granulocytes from CML patients was similar to the normal value. NADPH activity decreased as the disease progressed. Thus, the amount of formazan produced was lower in granulocytes from patients in stage II (P < 0.05) and stage III (P < 0.01) than that produced by normal granulocytes. H2O2-Myeloperoxidase-dependent iodination was found to be significantly reduced in granulocytes from all stages of the disease compared to that of normal, stage I (P < 0.01), stage II (P < 0.05) and stage III (P < 0.01). It thus seems that granulocyte function becomes less efficient as the disease progresses towards acute blastic crisis. Immature cells from the same patients carried out these functions at a more reduced level than did their mature counterparts.
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Carrington, Robbie, Andrzej Szymczakowski, and Akademia medyczna Medyczna. "Pulmonary oedema in hypertensive crisis - from failed femoral cannulation to diagnosis." Morecambe Bay Medical Journal 8, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48037/mbmj.v8i4.67.
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Pulmonary oedema is a very common clinical presentation in the hospital setting with the management steps memorised by most medical student from an early stage. This management works on the basis that the patient is fluid overloaded from left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). In reality however, this is not always the case with diastolic dysfunction also causing pulmonary oedema. In the case of diastolic dysfunction there is little data to guide management.1 We present a case of a patient who developed flash pulmonary oedema (FPO) secondary to a hypertensive crisis.
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Mihalachi, Ruslan, and Natalia Bancila. "A SYSTEMIC APPROACH TO ENTERPRISE CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN THE CURRENT ECONOMIC CONDITIONS." MEST Journal 9, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12709/mest.09.09.01.16.
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Crises are characteristic of any system, including economic entities in the process of its evolution. These usually signal the accumulation of a critical mass - of the restriction factors, the elimination or activation of which is necessary, either to prolong the reproduction process or to move to a new quality. The recent global economic crisis, related to the global pandemic situation, has made crisis management at both macro-economic and micro-economic levels one of the most important management tools to revive the critical situation globally. The crisis at all levels is always accompanied by a chronic organizational and financial instability, determining the need to develop measures that would be coherent in the new conditions of the economic environment accompanied by the political and social. The critical situation in the country's economy is confirmed by the worsening financial situation of domestic enterprises, the increase in losses, and, respectively, the number of enterprises on the verge of bankruptcy. Such a critical situation makes the issue of efficient organization of the management of the activity of enterprises in economic difficulty/crisis extremely topical. From this point of view, choosing the methods of crisis management and transforming them into an effective tool in entrepreneurship is a priority. The decisive role, in this sense, must belong to the diagnosis and financial forecasting of the dangers of crises at the enterprise by considering the factors that caused the crisis or even bankruptcy. The management of financial crises was constrained by the insufficient development of the informational-methodical base in this direction. In this context, not only the local experience but also the global one showed that the use of crisis management is quite difficult from a practical point of view, respectively, it requires an improvement and development in methodological-methodological terms, which requires evaluation of meticulous crises at the enterprise, which allows the diagnosis and prediction of crises with higher accuracy at each stage of its development.
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Liston, Katie, Rustom P. Manecksha, and Conor P. Woods. "Hyperglycaemic crisis secondary to emphysematous pyelonephritis." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 8 (August 2021): e242617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-242617.
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A 49-year-old woman presented to the emergency department acutely unwell. Initial investigations revealed hyperglycaemia, ketosis and an acute kidney injury precipitated by urosepsis. She was found to have a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (type 2) with a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) of 156 mmol/mol. CT imaging of the abdomen and pelvis revealed unilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN), radiologically classified as stage 3 severity with gas extending beyond the renal collecting system. Escherichia coli was grown on blood and urine cultures. This was sensitive to second-generation cephalosporin cefuroxime. The patient was managed with fluid resuscitation, intravenous antibiotics and renal system decompression with urinary catheter insertion. She was commenced on an intravenous insulin infusion for hyperglycaemic crisis. This case illustrates a rare presentation of hyperglycaemic crisis precipitated by EPN in a patient without a previously known diagnosis of diabetes, successfully treated with medical management alone. Close clinical and radiological follow-up was arranged to monitor the need for future nephrectomy.
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Batal, Ibrahim, Robyn T. Domsic, Thomas A. Medsger, and Sheldon Bastacky. "Scleroderma Renal Crisis: A Pathology Perspective." International Journal of Rheumatology 2010 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/543704.
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Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is an infrequent but serious complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc). It is associated with increased vascular permeability, activation of coagulation cascade, and renin secretion, which may lead to the acute renal failure typically associated with accelerated hypertension. The histologic picture of SRC is that of a thrombotic microangiopathy process with prominent small vessel involvement manifesting as myxoid intimal changes, thrombi, onion skin lesions, and/or fibrointimal sclerosis. Renal biopsies play an important role in confirming the clinical diagnosis, excluding overlapping/superimposed diseases that might lead to acute renal failure in SSc patients, helping to predict the clinical outcome and optimizing patient management. Kidney transplantation may be the only treatment option available for a subset of SRC patients who develop end-stage renal failure despite aggressive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. However, the posttransplant outcome for SSc patients is currently suboptimal compared to the general renal transplant population.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crisis stage diagnosis"
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Манойленко, Олександр Володимирович. "Антикризове управління у корпоративному секторі економіки." Thesis, Науково-дослідний центр індустріальних проблем розвитку НАН України, 2010. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/35531.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора економічних наук за спеціальністю 08.00.03 – економіка та управління національним господарством. – Науково-дослідний центр індустріальних проблем розвитку НАН України, Харків, 2010. У дисертації розроблено та обґрунтовано наукову концепцію антикризового управління у корпоративному секторі економіки. Проведено причинно-наслідковий аналіз генезису корпоративного сектору економіки України, визначено основні фактори, що його зумовили, досліджено його типологічну структуру. Здійснено дослідження факторів, що зумовлюють виникнення та перебіг кризових явищ в економіці України, визначені особливості побудови інституційного середовища щодо формоутворення та взаємодії дисипативних корпоративних структур. Проведено типологізацію державних важелів антикризового управління, які з урахуванням обмежень їх застосування інституційного, фінансово-економічного та організаційного характеру стають у підґрунті розробки антисипативного механізму державної антикризової політики. Визначено напрямки реформування інституційного механізму відновлення просторової стійкості корпоративних структур, який враховує типологічну неоднорідність корпоративного сектору економіки, причини виникнення кризи, стадії й глибину її перебігу та системно зумовлює прогресивні напрямки виходу суб‘єктів господарювання з кризового стану (відновлення платоспроможності). Обґрунтовано методи впливу держави на узгодження цілей суб‘єктів системи корпоративного управління у кризовому стані. Запропоновано удосконалення методичного підходу щодо діагностики розгортання кризи, який базується на застосуванні методології «штучного інтелекту», враховує вплив факторів зовнішнього середовища, особливості корпоративних відносин суб‘єктів управління, глибину та стадії розвитку кризи у корпоративних структурах.The dessertation on competition of a scientific degree of the doctor of sciences in economics on speciality – 08.00.03 – Econonovics and manadgement of national economy - Research center of industrial problems of development of NAN of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 2010. In the dissertation a scientific conception of crisis-proof management in the economy corporative sector has been developed and proved. The analysis of genesis of formation and developing of economy corporative sector of Ukraine has been shown; the main factors have been defined, its typological structure has been researched. Research of factors, which determine appearance and growth of crisis events in Ukrainian economy, has been made. The features of building of institutional environment of formation and cooperation of dissipative corporate structures have been defined. State impact methods on agreement of subject goals of the corporate management system in crisis state have been proved; a typology of state levers of crisis-proof management have been done, above mentioned state levers, taking into account the restriction of their appliance of institutional, finance-economical and management character becomes in the formation basis of antisipative mechanism of state crisis-proof policy. The main issues of reformation of institutional mechanism of bankruptcy and restoration of ability to pay of subjects of corporate economy sector have been developed, these issues consider typological inhomogenuity of the sector, the factors which determine a crisis appearance, stage and depth its evolution and system-allowed progressive directions of its negotiation (restoration of ability to pay). Improvement of methodical approach of diagnosis of crisis appearance and evolution in corporate structures with definition its stage and depth evolution has been suggested, it’s based on usage of “artificial intellect” methods, considers external environment factors impact, features of subjects’ corporate relationships under crisis economy.
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Юрик, Наталія Євгенівна, Наталья Евгеньевна Юрик, and N. E. Yuryk. "Антикризова стратегія підприємств машинобудівної галузі." Thesis, Тернопільський національний технічний університет ім. Івана Пулюя, 2011. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1271.
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Робота виконана в Тернопільському національному технічному університеті імені Івана Пулюя Міністерства освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України.
Захист відбувся “5” липня 2011 р. об 11.00 год. на засіданні спеціалізованої вченої ради К 58.052.05 у Тернопільському національному технічному університеті імені Івана Пулюя за адресою: 46001, м. Тернопіль, вул. Білогірська, 2, зал засідань.
З дисертацією можна ознайомитися у бібліотеці Тернопільського національного технічного університету імені Івана Пулюя за адресою: м. Тернопіль, вул. Руська, 56.Дисертаційну роботу присвячено розв’язанню проблеми розроблення теоретичних положень та прикладних рекомендацій щодо вибору, формування й реалізації антикризової стратегії підприємств машинобудівної галузі. У роботі висвітлено теоретико-методичні підходи до визначення сутності й значення антикризової стратегії в умовах нестабільного ринкового середовища. Проаналізовано сучасний стан і тенденції розвитку машинобудівних підприємств, особливості їх діагностування та оцінювання чинників, що впливають на кризовий стан підприємств даної галузі. Удосконалено процес оцінювання кризового стану машинобудівного підприємства та обґрунтовано основні принципи розроблення антикризової стратегії підприємства. Запропоновано шляхи удосконалення процесу реалізації антикризової стратегії підприємств машинобудівної галузі.
Диссертация посвящена вопросам разработки теоретических положений и практических рекомендаций по осуществлению выбора, формирования и реализации антикризисной стратегии предприятий машиностроительной отрасли. В первом разделе «Теоретические и прикладные основы формирования и реализации антикризисной стратегии машиностроительных предприятий» раскрыто теоретико-методические подходы к определению сущности и значения антикризисной стратегии в условиях нестабильной рыночной среды. Углублено понимание терминов «кризисные явления», «кризисная ситуация», «антикризисная стратегия», предложено классификацию антикризисных стратегий, раскрыто роль и значение антикризисных стратегий в системе стратегий предприятий, проанализировано действующие подходы к технологии реализации антикризисных стратегий в условиях как стабильной внешней среды, так и возникновения мгновенных кризисных ситуаций. Во втором разделе “Диагностирование состояния и анализ основных аспектов функционирования предприятий машиностроительной отрасли в условиях кризиса” проанализировано современное состояние и тенденции развития предприятий машиностроения, определены факторы, влияющие на их кризисное состояние, доведено необходимость диагностирования состояния отечественных предприятий с целью выбора и реализации антикризисной стратегии. В третьем разделе ”Разработка и реализация антикризисной стратегии машиностроительного предприятия” усовершенствовано процесс оценивания кризисного состояния машиностроительного предприятия, обосновано основные принципы разработки антикризисной стратеги предприятия, предложено структурно-логическую схему комплексного диагностирования кризисного состояния предприятия и разработано блок-схему оценивания уровня кризисного состояния машиностроительного предприятия. Предложено пути усовершенствования процесса реализации антикризисной стратеги предприятий машиностроительной отрясли, путем разработки матрицы внедрения антикризисной стратегии. С целью оценивания выбора и реализации антикризисной стратегии предложено метод трендового прогнозирования уровня прибыльности отечественных предприятий.
Dissertation deals with the development of the theoretical items and applied recommendations concerning selection, formation and implementation of anti-crisis strategy of the mechanical engineering enterprises. The theoretical and methodological approaches to determine the essence and significance of anti-crisis strategies in the conditions of unstable market environment are described in the thesis. The current state and trends of the mechanical engineering enterprises are analyzed. The features of the mechanical engineering enterprises diagnosis and evaluation of the factors affecting the crisis state of the mechanical engineering enterprises are described in the theses. The evaluation of the crisis state of the mechanical engineering enterprise is improved. The basic principles of developing the anti-crisis strategy of the enterprise are substantiated. The ways of improving the implementation of the anti-crisis strategy of the mechanical engineering enterprise are proposed.
Books on the topic "Crisis stage diagnosis"
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Kukukina, Irina, and Irina Astrahanceva. Accounting and analysis of bankruptcies. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/949490.
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The textbook introduces the history of the formation of the institute of bankruptcy, conducting reorganization and liquidation procedures in a crisis, diagnosing the financial condition of an enterprise based on situational and coefficient analysis, multiplicative factor models for assessing the threat of bankruptcy, methods for assessing the value of an insolvent enterprise, as well as accounting for operations related to bankruptcy procedures. The possibilities of an integrated approach to the development of a strategy for overcoming the crisis and choosing ways to restructure a bankrupt enterprise are considered.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For teachers, postgraduates and students of higher educational organizations, employees of analytical services, anti-crisis managers.
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Mark A, Graber, Levinson Sanford, and Tushnet Mark, eds. Constitutional Democracy in Crisis? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780190888985.001.0001.
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Are constitutional democracies around the world really experiencing a global crisis? Constitutional Democracies in Crisis? asks whether the apparent weakening of many constitutional democracies around the world is simply part of the normal ebb and flow of constitutional democracy, or whether complaints about the present state of constitutional democracy are largely from people on the political left upset to learn that many of their compatriots do not share their values on such matters as immigration, globalization, and the environment. The contributions include background material on the nature of constitutional crises, essays on the state of constitutional democracy in specific regimes or regions, essays on the influence of such global forces as climate change, religious fundamentalism, terrorism, economic inequality, globalization, immigration, populism, and racism/ethnocentrism, and observations about the contemporary state of constitutional democracy. The book provides a general guide to the state of constitutional democracy during the second decade of the twentieth century that should be useful for scholars, students, and general readers, providing frameworks and information for assessing the contemporary state of constitutional democracy. Finally, the essays diagnose the causes of the present afflictions of constitutional democracies in particular regimes, regions, and across the globe.
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Debaveye, Yves, Dieter Mesotten, and Greet Van den Berghe. Hyperglycaemia, diabetes, and other endocrine emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0069.
Full textAbstract:
Although endocrine pathology is usually treated in outpatient clinic, intensive care may be required when endocrinopathies are associated with other medical illnesses or reach a state of decompensation. Although endocrine emergencies are quite rare, they are potentially life-threatening, if not recognized promptly and managed effectively. Therefore, every clinician should always be attentive to a possible diagnosis of these complex disorders. The three major diabetic emergencies comprise diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state, and prolonged hypoglycaemia. Hyperglycaemic crises are characterized by hypovolaemia, electrolyte disturbances, and potentially life-threatening triggers. Hence, airway-breathing-circulation securement, diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition, and fluid resuscitation are the cornerstones of acute diabetic ketoacidosis/hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state management. Subsequently, monitoring and correction of electrolyte disturbances and insulin treatment are initiated. Profound hypoglycaemia should be suspected in every coma patient with an indistinct history or treated with insulin or sulfonylurea/meglitinide. This condition warrants an immediate and a sufficiently long administration of glucose, under blood glucose monitoring. Alternatively, glucagon may be injected subcutaneously, or preferably intramuscularly. Hyperglycaemia in intensive care unit patients is associated with adverse outcome which can be prevented via the implementation of glucose control with intravenous insulin. One should hereby target glucose levels to be as close to normal as possible, without evoking unacceptable glucose fluctuations and hypoglycaemia. The classical non-diabetic endocrine emergencies comprise thyroid storm, myxoedema coma, acute adrenal crisis, and phaeochromocytoma. They all pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and require specific treatment such as endocrine replacement or blockage therapy. It is important to note that they are occasionally the presenting manifestation in undiagnosed patients. This chapter also briefly discusses amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction.
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Rommerskirchen, Charlotte. EU Fiscal Policy Coordination in Hard Times. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829010.001.0001.
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What happens to European Union (EU) fiscal policy coordination in hard times? Recent accounts of the EU have portrayed the Union as plagued by an austerity regime and rampant moral hazard. Charlotte Rommerskirchen provides an alternative account of economic cooperation in Europe during the Great Recession and the European Debt Crisis. Drawing on Mancur Olson’s theory of collective action, EU Fiscal Policy Coordination in Hard Times combines evidence from statistical analysis and extensive interviews with key players. This book reaches an unexpected conclusion regarding the state of collective action in times of crises: Free riding was not rife. Despite heated accusations, member states’ crisis policies matched their fiscal room for maneuver. The real collective action failure is instead diagnosed in the inability to sanction free riders at the EU level and empowering erratic bond markets to discipline governments.
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Venkatesh, Bala, and Jeremy Cohen. Pathophysiology and management of adrenal disorders in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0261.
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The existence of the syndromes of relative adrenal insufficiency, or critical illness corticosteroid insufficiency, are debatable. In sepsis, there are alterations in plasma cortisol profiles, and corticotropin responsiveness with marked variability in responses between patients. It is probable that the spectrum of plasma and tissue glucocorticoid changes may represent a ‘sick euadrenal state’ analogous to the sick euthyroid state and may not reflect adrenocortical insufficiency. Treatment of acute adrenal crisis should not be delayed for the results of adrenal testing, and should consist of immediate supportive measures, fluid resuscitation, and high-dose intravenous glucocorticoid therapy. Admission to intensive care with a primary diagnosis of hyperadrenalism is uncommon. Patients usually present uncontrolled hypertension, electrolyte abnormalities or encephalopathy.
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Klepper, Joerg, and Baerbel Leiendecker. Glut1 Deficiency. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Glut1 Deficiency (Glut1D, OMIM #606777) is caused by impaired glucose transport into the brain. The resulting cerebral “energy crisis” causes intractable seizures, developmental delay, and a complex movement disorder. The diagnosis is based on clinical features, low CSF glucose and/or mutations in the SLC2A1 gene. Paroxysmal exertion-induced dystonia (PED) and hereditary cryohydrocytosis have been described as allelic variants. Adults are increasingly being recognized through family pedigrees. The condition is effectively treatable by mimicking the metabolic state of fasting. High-fat carbohydrate-restricted ketogenic diets generate ketones that serve as an alternative fuel for the brain. In adults with Glut1D, novel modified ketogenic diets can be used, allowing more carbohydrates and greater palatability and compliance.
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Newcomer, Anne, and Michael Gropper. Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0030.
Full textAbstract:
Perioperative clinicians caring for patients with diabetes should understand the underlying mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of hyperglycemic crises. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) require prompt recognition and treatment. Disturbances such as these can create acute problems associated with intravascular volume and electrolyte abnormalities, as well as effect postoperative recovery and wound healing. Common precipitants, clinical manifestations, and basic treatment algorithms aimed at safely correcting the underlying cause, as well as the associated problems, are described in this chapter. Perioperative glycemic control is an area of recent intense investigation, and specific recommendations are provided herein.
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Mesotten, Dieter, and Sophie Van Cromphaut. Management of diabetic emergencies in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0260.
Full textAbstract:
The three major diabetic emergencies comprise diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS), and prolonged hypoglycaemia. These complications are preventable, treatable, and rather infrequently lead to prolonged intensive care (ICU) admission. Hyperglycaemic crises, whether DKA in type 1 diabetics, or HHS in type 2 diabetics, are characterized by moderate to severe hypovolaemia, electrolyte disturbances and a potentially life-threatening trigger. Hence, airway–breathing–circulation securement, diagnosis, and treatment of the underlying condition, as well as fluid resuscitation are the cornerstones of the acute management of DKA and HHS. Currently, a continuous, low (physiological) dose insulin scheme intravenously with omission of the priming bolus is advocated to avoid hypoglycaemia. An evidence-based treatment protocol, and reliable blood glucose and electrolyte measurements are compulsory to safely manage these crises until resolution of ketoacidosis or the hyperosmolar state. Profound hypoglycaemia should be suspected in every coma patient with an indistinct history or on a known regimen of insulin or sulphonylurea/meglitinide. This condition warrants immediate and sufficiently long administration of glucose orally or intravenously, as well as repeated monitoring of blood glucose levels. Alternatively, the counter-regulatory hormone glucagon may be injected intramuscularly in the emergency setting.
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Banerjee, Ashis, and Clara Oliver. Endocrine emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198786870.003.0014.
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The endocrine system encompasses a large variety of medical problems. This chapter covers the common causes relevant to the emergency department in line with the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) curriculum. It covers a section on the management of diabetic patients, including the differentiation between type one and type two diabetes and the associated complications and management. Included in this chapter is the diagnosis and management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS). In addition, the key aspects of adrenocortical deficiency in terms of identifying and managing an individual with an acute Addison’s crisis as well as conditions associated with the hypothalamic–pituitary axis, are also included. Thyroid disorders are also included, as well as the pathophysiology of electrolyte disturbances such as calcium and sodium, which commonly appear in the short-answer question (SAQ) paper.
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Mayeux, Sara. Free Justice. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469661650.001.0001.
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Every day, in courtrooms around the United States, thousands of criminal defendants are represented by public defenders--lawyers provided by the government for those who cannot afford private counsel. Though often taken for granted, the modern American public defender has a surprisingly contentious history--one that offers insights not only about the "carceral state," but also about the contours and compromises of twentieth-century liberalism. First gaining appeal amidst the Progressive Era fervor for court reform, the public defender idea was swiftly quashed by elite corporate lawyers who believed the legal profession should remain independent from the state. Public defenders took hold in some localities but not yet as a nationwide standard. By the 1960s, views had shifted. Gideon v. Wainwright enshrined the right to counsel into law and the legal profession mobilized to expand the ranks of public defenders nationwide. Yet within a few years, lawyers had already diagnosed a "crisis" of underfunded, overworked defenders providing inadequate representation--a crisis that persists today. This book shows how these conditions, often attributed to recent fiscal emergencies, have deep roots, and it chronicles the intertwined histories of constitutional doctrine, big philanthropy, professional in-fighting, and Cold War culture that made public defenders ubiquitous but embattled figures in American courtrooms.
Book chapters on the topic "Crisis stage diagnosis"
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Sayed, Rola El, Zahi Abdul-Sater, and Deborah Mukherji. "Cancer Care During War and Conflict." In Cancer in the Arab World, 461–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7945-2_29.
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AbstractThe Arab World has sadly witnessed protracted conflict affecting several of its regions in recent years. Conflict-affected populations have been significantly impacted by chronic deficiencies in medical care including unprecedented numbers of refugees and migrants requiring ongoing support in neighbouring countries. Humanitarian response to crisis has historically focused on the supply of nutrition, water, and emergent trauma relief, followed by control and prevention of infections. Prevention and management of non-communicable diseases, specifically cancer, have been relatively neglected; however, with regional conflicts lasting for many years, cancer care has become an increasingly urgent issue to be addressed. The humanitarian community has stressed the need for situational assessment regarding disease prevalence and available resources, with identification of specific regional challenges. Lack of infrastructure, important diagnostic and treatment modalities, clinical experts and regulatory bodies are the main obstacles to cancer care at all stages from screening and prevention to therapeutics and palliation. The initial step to improving cancer care provision should be implementing needs-based priority assessment and policies within the context of governing bodies that control and monitor performance. Collaboration and coordination among national and international organizations and stakeholders are essential to improve data collection on which to base resource allocation and address growing disparities in cancer outcomes.
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Klubo-Gwiezdzinska, Joanna, and Leonard Wartofsky. "Thyrotoxic storm." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 454–61. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.3173.
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Although a rare presentation of the exaggerated manifestations of thyrotoxicosis, thyrotoxic storm is arguably the most serious complication of hyperthyroidism because of its high mortality rate. An accurate estimation of its incidence is impossible to determine because of considerable variability in the criteria for its diagnosis. The syndrome does appear to be significantly less common today than in the past, perhaps because of earlier diagnosis and treatment of thyrotoxicosis, thereby precluding its progression to the stage of crisis. Nevertheless, the syndrome may occur in 1–2% of hospital admissions for thyrotoxicosis. In such patients, it is not usually possible to distinguish those with thyrotoxic storm from those with uncomplicated thyrotoxicosis simply on the basis of routine function tests. Rather, the clinical diagnosis is based on the identification of signs and symptoms which are seen typically in thyrotoxic storm and which suggest decompensation of a number of organ systems. Some of these typical or cardinal manifestations include fever (temperature usually above 38.5°C), tachycardia out of proportion to the fever, central nervous system signs varying from confusion to apathy and even coma, and gastrointestinal dysfunction, which can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and, in severe cases, jaundice. A semiquantitative scale (Table 3.3.3.1) has been developed to aid in diagnosis (1). The earliest possible diagnosis and subsequent implementation of treatment are required to avoid a fatal outcome. Even with early diagnosis, death can occur, and reported mortality rates have ranged from 10% to 75% in hospitalized patients (1–3).
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Mubthasima, P. P., Kaumudi Pande, Rajalakshmi Prakash, and Anbarasu Kannan. "CRISPR Cas/Exosome Based Diagnostics: Future of Early Cancer Detection." In Rural Health [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99900.
Full textAbstract:
Trending and Thriving, CRISPR/Cas has expanded its wings towards diagnostics in recent years. The potential of evading off targeting has not only made CRISPR/Cas an effective therapeutic aid but also an impressive diagnostic tool for various pathological conditions. Exosomes, 30 - 150nm sized extracellular vesicle present and secreted by almost all type of cells in body per se used as an effective diagnostic tool in early cancer detection. Cancer being the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality can be effectively targeted if detected in the early stage, but most of the currently used diagnostic tool fails to do so as they can only detect the cancer in the later stage. This can be overcome by the use of combo of the two fore mentioned diagnostic aids, CRISPR/Cas alongside exosomes, which can bridge the gap compensating the cons. This chapter focus on two plausible use of CRISPR/Cas, one being the combinatorial aid of CRISPR/Cas and Exosome, the two substantial diagnostic tools for successfully combating cancer and other, the use of CRISPR in detecting and targeting cancer exosomes, since they are released in a significant quantity in early stage by the cancer cells.
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Gunst, Jan, Yves Debaveye, and Greet Van den Berghe. "Stress hyperglycaemia and endocrine emergencies." In The ESC Textbook of Intensive and Acute Cardiovascular Care, edited by Marco Tubaro, Pascal Vranckx, Eric Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Susanna Price, and Christiaan Vrints, 912–25. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198849346.003.0068.
Full textAbstract:
Although endocrine pathology is usually treated in an outpatient clinic, intensive care may be required when endocrinopathies are associated with other medical illnesses or reach a state of decompensation. Although endocrine emergencies are quite rare, they are potentially life-threatening if not recognised promptly and managed effectively. Therefore, every clinician should always be attentive to a possible diagnosis of these complex disorders. The three major diabetic emergencies comprise diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state, and prolonged hypoglycaemia. Hyperglycaemic crises are characterised by hypovolaemia and electrolyte disturbances, and may be triggered by potentially life-threatening conditions. Hence, airway-breathing-circulation securement, early fluid resuscitation, and adequate diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition are the cornerstones of acute management. Subsequently, monitoring and correction of electrolyte disturbances and insulin treatment are initiated. Profound hypoglycaemia should be suspected in every patient with coma of unclear etiology, especially if the patient has an indistinct history or was treated with insulin or sulfonylurea/meglitinide. This condition warrants an immediate administration of glucose, followed by regular blood glucose monitoring. Alternatively, glucagon may be injected subcutaneously, or preferably intramuscularly. Hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients is associated with adverse outcome. The optimal blood glucose target for critically ill patients remains unclear, however. In any case, clinicians should prevent severe hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia and large glucose fluctuations. The classical non-diabetic endocrine emergencies comprise thyroid storm, myxoedema coma, acute adrenal crisis, and phaeochromocytoma. They all pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and require specific treatment such as endocrine replacement or blockage therapy, apart from supportive care and treatment of the inciting event. It is important to note that such conditions are occasionally the first manifestation of an endocrine disorder. This chapter also briefly discusses amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction.
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Kwon, Hyeong-ki. "Asian Financial Crisis and Transformation of Korean Capitalism." In Changes by Competition, 128–46. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198866060.003.0007.
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This chapter examines how the Korean state could continue its state-led developmentalism even when state interventionism was pointed out as a main culprit for the economic crisis of 1997. The 1997 Asian financial crisis prompted serious reflection upon the problems of Korea’s input-oriented developmentalism, as well as the ineffectiveness of state intervention. However, to solve the economic crisis of 1997, Korea did not abandon state-led developmentalism, but developed another version of state-led developmentalism, emphasizing the promotion of strategic hi-tech venture firms and SME parts industries. This chapter first examines the competing diagnoses and solutions to the economic crisis of 1997, and then explores how, through politics between the state and large corporations, the existing volume-oriented expansionism changed toward a knowledge-intensive strategy. Finally, this chapter examines how competition among economic ministries, including the Ministry of Industry (MoI) and the Ministry of Information and Communications (MIC), drove the evolution of Korean industrial policy.
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Sudakova, Oksana, and Kseniia Lopatka. "DIAGNOSTICS IN SYSTEM MANAGEMENT BY ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISE." In Integration of traditional and innovation processes of development of modern science. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-021-6-21.
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In the conditions of economical crisis many enterprises have to survive even though they were successful and functional before. That is why a problem of economical security of enterprises becomes more and more urgent. Considering this, the problem of revising existed principles and ways of economic security management of the enterprise has appeared. Preventing negative influence of internal and external factors is possible by providing the immediate reaction on them and creating conditions for safe development using the effective economic security management of the enterprise. The new ways of economic security management of the enterprise must correspond to the new demands which unstable environment of enterprises requires. One of those demands is efficiency of administrative decisions that we can provide by using modern instruments of management such as diagnostics. Subject of the research is the diagnosis of the mechanism of economic security management of the enterprise in unstable modern conditions. Methods of the research. The following methods have been used: general scientific methods of system approach and system analysis to generalize and develop theoretical and organizational economic bases of economic security in the system of strategic management of the enterprise and to analyze the current state of economic security of enterprises; general scientific methods of system analysis and specification for the formation of strategic goals of economic security management of the enterprise. Purpose of the research is to develop theoretical instructions and recommendations for diagnostics in the system of economic security management of the enterprise Results of the research. The following mechanisms have been developed: a mechanism for diagnosing the level of economic security of the enterprise, based on a system of key indicators; the mechanism of selection the points of growth of the enterprise based on ideas of the theory of constraints; the mechanism of enterprise recovery from the crisis, based on the concept of value management; management system of economic security of the enterprise on the basis of the reproductive approach taking into account influence of economic contradictions. Conclusion of the research. To increase the efficiency of management and ensure the required level of economic security, a mechanism for diagnosing the level of economic security of the enterprise, based on a system of key indicators, has been developed.
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Koob, George F. "Drug Withdrawal." In The Benzodiazepines Crisis, 97–116. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197517277.003.0007.
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Drug withdrawal has long been considered a key symptom in the diagnosis of alcohol and substance use disorders. In this chapter, it is also conceptualized as a major motivational factor that drives compulsive drug taking. Drawing from the negative emotional components of withdrawal, termed hyperkatifeia (i.e., the negative emotional and motivational signs of withdrawal), the hypothesis here is that withdrawal sets up another major source of reinforcement—namely, negative reinforcement—for drug seeking in substance use disorders. From the perspective of the hyperkatifeia phenotype, withdrawal then returns to being a key part of moderate to severe alcohol and substance use disorders to become the primary factor that motivates sustained drug seeking. Such hyperkatifeia is mediated by a multidetermined neurocircuitry that compromises within-system neurochemical systems that are involved in the rewarding effects of drugs and promotes the activation of pro-stress neuromodulators that combine with a weakening or inadequate anti-stress response. Altogether, these neurocircuitry, neurochemical, and molecular changes lead to a negative emotional state (hyperkatifeia) that sets up an allostatic hedonic load that drives negative reinforcement. Under this framework, strong multidetermined buffers, if activated and sufficient to allow the reward and pro-stress systems to recover, may help return the organism to homeostasis.
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Sergey, Vasiliev. "s.VII Anxieties, Ch.27 The Crises and Critiques of International Criminal Justice." In The Oxford Handbook of International Criminal Law. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198825203.003.0028.
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It is often heard that international criminal justice is in ‘crisis’. Although the language of ‘crisis’ suggests a temporary and exceptional moment, the project of international criminal justice has essentially been in a legitimacy crisis since its emergence. International criminal tribunals have never been able to cleanse their ‘original sin’: despite their aspiration to transcend state power, they remain not just heavily dependent on it but also constrained and directed by it in their pursuit of ‘justice’. The more finessed the doctrine becomes, the more professionalised the practice, and the more sophisticated the institutions, the more evident is the inability of international criminal law to challenge the persisting power inequalities and address structural injustices of the international order. Against this background, this chapter diagnoses the state of the field by appraising the dynamics and quality of communication between its ‘mainstream defenders’ and the ‘radical critics’. It outlines the critics’ objectives and modes of engagement with the project and shows why some of the defensive impulses of the ‘mainstream’ fall short of effective responses to the critiques. The opposing sides to the debate about the legitimacy of international criminal justice seem to seldom think together and converse in earnest, despite having overlapping normative expectations towards the project. The chapter expresses a hope for a genuine, constructive dialogue between them, free of counterproductive tropes and tactics. The critical sensibility trickling into the ‘mainstream’ could help transform the institutional politics of the International Criminal Court and enable the project to realize its emancipatory potential.
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Güran, Mümtaz. "Natural Products in the Fight Against Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria." In Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, 130–59. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0307-2.ch007.
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It is well recognised that the antimicrobial resistance crisis has approached critical levels, and current treatment options are very limited, especially in the treatment of infections caused by resistant bacteria. Thus, ongoing research is focused on the development of new molecules which have broader antimicrobial activity. However, the advancements in drug development studies using synthetic compounds has led to a lack of success. Also, economic and regulatory issues have formed a challenge as well. Therefore, research has focused again on natural products. A large number of natural products and natural product-derived compounds are still in various stages of clinical development. Here, current research on the potential uses of natural products or their templates as viable sources of new drug candidates have been discussed to construct an understanding towards the goal of development of new antimicrobials to overcome resistant pathogens.
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Bezena, Ivan. "MODERN MECHANISMS OF ANTI-CRISIS REGIONAL MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF REFORM." In Development of scientific, technological and innovation space in Ukraine and EU countries. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-151-0-22.
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This study is devoted to a generalized analysis of modern public processes for the formation of new mechanisms of crisis management and the regional management reform practice in the field of education, which are gradually carried out in the context of general reform and new strategies. The special relevance of modern education management practices is noted, among which are formation of new management concepts in the conditions of emergencies and crisis; redistribution of areas of responsibility between the region and territorial communities; revival of partnership interaction of public authorities with civil society institutions; implementation of state policy through new contexts of forming a network of educational institutions, resource provision and budgeting; strategy for the development of the educational sphere through the implementation of investment infrastructure projects; expanding the scope of educational services in accordance with community requests, etc. European experience in active decentralization, which will stimulate sustainable community development, successful overcoming of crises and building a strategy for regional development shows the development of a systematic vision of the local situation in education and other social spheres that prevent socio-economic crises; active and effective communicative action “state-community”, which is aimed at deep democracy, sustainable development, unity, transparency of public institutions; humancenteredness on the basis of social democracy, involvement of citizens in various government procedures in communities; impact on the sustainable development of local democracy and financial self-sufficiency of the community; sustainable development of the public sector of the community, improving the quality of life / activities / human education. The basis of public activity of the authorities is a consistent communicative action that will promote the in-depth development of mutual trust, openness and efficiency. The subject of the study was the management vertical of the region and education management. The research methodology can be outlined as follows: understanding and worldview, which outline the operating environment of self-discipline analysis, forecasting, modeling, diagnosis and work with information, models, algorithms, cognitive, practical and evaluative, which complement each other in real life. The purpose of the study: to systematically generalize modern management processes of public authorities in anti-crisis strategies and new relevant mechanisms of organizational activities of public institutions of Dnipropetrovsk region, which are aimed at sustainable development of society and man, soft overcoming of growth problems through mechanisms of organizational and managerial overcoming of educational crises. areas in the region. The study found that the systematic activities of public institutions in the region, models of involvement of public institutions contribute to sustainable community development and form effective resilience to crises, restore confidence in government by citizens, improve the quality of local infrastructure projects in education, strengthen positive social trends – economic indicators of the community.
Conference papers on the topic "Crisis stage diagnosis"
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Kuznetsova, Elena. "STATE ANTI-CRISIS PROGRAM FOR PRODUCTION SUPPORT." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-305-307.
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The crisis is one of the most important elements of the mechanism for self-regulation of the market economy. The state is one of the most influential levers in financial growth regulation. State anti-crisis management is a part of the unified system of state management, contains elements of forecasting and current diagnostics of crisis phenomena, that research factors of their manifestation, as well as not only the definition of priority measures to contain crisis situations, but also measures aimed at development and implementation of projects to prevent crisis situations.
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Caratozzolo, P., and A. Alvarez-Delgado. "EDUCATION 4.0 FRAMEWORK: ENRICHING ACTIVE LEARNING WITH VIRTUAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS." In The 7th International Conference on Education 2021. The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/24246700.2021.7160.
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At the beginning of 2020, many educators were still unclear what exactly it meant to design teaching-learning processes in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, “Education 4.0”. Despite this, and due to the Corona crisis, all institutions were dizzyingly pushed into partially known digital and technological environments, dragging teachers and students with them. In the field of higher education, the situation was doubly challenging: there were still deep misunderstandings about how to improve the cognitive abilities of Generation Z students, and serious confusion about the fact that technological tools -even advanced- can hardly replace an entire cognitive theory. The present work is a study on the effectiveness of the Active Learning approach in STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics); the didactic use of technological tools (including screencasting and podcasting) and, the design of innovative strategies to enhance the development of the skills declared in the Education 4.0 Framework: global citizenship, innovation and creativity, digital literacy and interpersonal awareness. The methodology used was quantitative-experimental with a 4-group Solomon design, involved more than 250 students and was developed over three years, including the two semesters of 2020 (fully online environments). The use of VALUE rubrics (Valid Assessment of Learning in Undergraduate Education) allowed the obtaining of conclusive results: (i) the importance of a correct diagnosis of the development of digital literacy skills to promote the formation of metacognitive awareness; (ii) the impact of the design and implementation of adequate cognitive tools in the quality of the learning outcomes; and (iii) the relevance of the dosed use of technological tools in each stage of a 2D learning taxonomy (cognitive process dimension / orthogonal knowledge dimension). Keywords: Critical Thinking, Creativity, Higher Education, Educational Innovation
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Amaral Neto, Antonio Serpa do, Eduarda Jaskulski, Eduardo Martins Leal, Matheus Marquardt, Gabriel de Deus Vieira, and Joana Capano Hawerroth. "Neurotuberculosis with intracerebral tuberculoma and PCR for detectable Mycobacterium in CSF." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.710.
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Introduction: Neurotuberculosis is the most serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The main clinical presentation is meningoencephalitis, which may be associated with tuberculomas. The detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF is still a diagnostic challenge. Objectives: To report a clinical case of neurotuberculosis associated with intracranial tuberculoma with detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF. Methods: Neurotuberculosis is the most serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The main clinical presentation is meningoencephalitis, which may be associated with tuberculomas. The detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF is still a diagnostic challenge. Results: C. A. G., 45 years old, female, admitted to the hospital in January 2020, presenting holocranial, pulsatile headache, which had worsened for 5 days, with little response to analgesics, associated with an episode of tonic-clonic seizure crisis, without other clinical signs. Previous diagnosis of asthma, using continuously salbutamol and beclomethasone. Examinations were requested - BAAR search for positive sputum, rapid molecular sputum test revealing Mycobacterium tuberculosis, clear-looking CSF, detectable CRP for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, glucose 63, protein 56.3, total cytology 74 (35% neutrophils, 19% lymphocytes , 46% macrophages). The cranial tomography showed a nodular lesion in the corticosubcortical region of the left frontal lobe, with annular enhancement by means of contrast, measuring 3.9 x 3.9 cm, in addition to accentuated meningeal enhancement. Chest tomography showed hollowed-out lesions with thickened walls, with the appearance of a sprouting tree, predominating in the lower lobe of the right lung. The diagnoses of neurotuberculosis (cerebral tuberculoma and meningitis) and pulmonary tuberculosis were then established. Referred to the infectious disease referral hospital using RHZE associated with dexamethasone and phenytoin. After 48 hours of hospitalization, the patient evolved with confusion and mental disorientation, suspecting complex subentrant partial seizures with a confused post-ictal state. A new skull tomography was requested, which showed an expansive lesion with an ovoid aspect 4.5 x 3.3 cm with liquefied content and ring impregnation by means of contrast in the upper left frontal region with mass effect and significant perilesional edema. Electroencephalogram showed disorganized base activity, periodically, sometimes with three-phase morphology, sometimes acute, in both hemispheres, with greater projection to the left and epileptiform activity also in the frontal- temporal region, bilaterally and independently. After therapeutic adjustment, the patient remained clinically stable and was discharged from the hospital with outpatient followup due to infectious diseases and neurology. Conclusion: The case addressed draws attention to the different neurological manifestations observed in neurotuberculosis, such as headache, seizures, confusion and disorientation. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to achieve a favorable outcome.
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Phalnikar, Rashmi, Subhal Dixit, and Harsha Talele. "Clinical Assessment and Management of Covid-19 Patients using Artificial Intelligence." In 6th International Conference on Signal and Image Processing (SIGI 2020). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2020.102007.
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The COVID-19 infection caused by Novel Corona Virus has been declared a pandemic and a public health emergency of international concern. Infections caused by Corona Virus have been previously recognized in people and is known to cause Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Unlike the earlier infections, COVID19 spreads alarmingly and the experience and volume of the scientific knowledge on the virus is small and lacks substantiation. To manage this crisis, Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to play a key role in understanding and addressing the COVID-19 crisis. It tends to be valuable to identify the infection, analyse it, treat it and also predict the stages of infection. Artificial intelligence algorithms can be applied to make diagnosis of COVID-19 and stepping up research and therapy. The paper explains a detailed flowchart of COVID-19 patient and discusses the use of AI at various stages. The preliminary contribution of the paper is in identifying the stages where the use of Artificial Intelligence and its allied fields can help in managing COVID-19 patient and paves a road for systematic research in future.
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Zvorykina, Anastasiia, Georgij Sharayevskiy, Nataliya Fialko, and Nina Sharayevskaya. "Methodology for Verification of the Heat Transfer Crisis in the Nuclear Fuel Assemblies." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15424.
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The present-day stage of nuclear-power engineering development raises sharply a number of complicated questions regarding the guarantee of safety operation of nuclear power-generating units of operating and designed Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The most important of these unsolved technological problems were considered in [1] on the base of analysis of ways of operation reliability improvement for Nuclear Power Installations (NPI) with WWER and RBMK reactors. In connection with the priorities formulated in [1], in papers [2–6] the main aspects of approaches available for solution of most complex problem are considered: the development of methods of early identification of initial phases of emergency operation regimes in such nuclear power-generating units which are critically important for NPI trouble-free operation. It is necessary to stress, that reliable identification of the anomalies mentioned, especially of thermal-hydraulic nature ones in core region of nuclear reactor, must be provided under conditions when such operating troubles can not yet be detected by the issued supervisory instruments of NPI. Taking into account the requirement to prospective diagnostic provision of NPP equipment, in papers [2–5] are underlined that at present time the development of effective methods of anomalies identification in NPI equipment and development of mathematical software support on base of these methods for computer-aided diagnostic systems on base of AI conceptions in structure of hardware of operator support tools of new generation NPP are considered as the main condition which determine the development of diagnostic means with mentioned functional possibilities.
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Ysyrailova, Jannat, and Anara Sherbekova. "The Role and Significance of Diagnostics and Assessment of the State of Roads for Their Reproduction." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.02024.
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To date, the road network provides up to 95 percent of passenger and freight traffic in the Kyrgyz Republic. The country's road network is currently in crisis, which is a serious obstacle to the path of social and economic development of our republic.
In the present article, the role and values of methods for diagnosing and evaluating the state of motor roads for their reproduction are examined. The values of geoinformation technologies were determined when assessing the reproduction of highways.
A feature of geoinformation technologies is that in geoinformation technologies all information is presented in the form of electronic maps, allowing the road specialist to create a database on roads. Geoinformation technology should provide a single information space for the use, disposal, ownership and maintenance of a dynamically developing road network.
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Zholchieva, Ainuru, and Eldiiar Shakirov. "PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT OF TEACHERS AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS." In NORDSCI Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2021/b1/v4/11.
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The study deals with the problems of emotional burnout, concerning the work of teachers in the field of education. In psychological studies, the phenomenon of emotional burnout was first mentioned at the end of the twentieth century. In 1974, Herbert J. Freudenberger first used this term. He used it to describe the negative psychological state of any psychosocial occupation - a state of demoralization, exhaustion, frustration that occurs in a healthy person, who has close contact with patients in psychological clinics and crisis centers. The methodology of «Psychological burnout questionnaire for teachers» created by V.C. Rukavishnikov and the methodology of C. D. Spielberg «Determination of level of anxiety» (adaptation of Y.L. Hanin), «Scale of psych diagnostics stress PSM-25» were applied during an investigation.
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Marek, Ogryzek, and Rzasa Krzysztof. "The Use of GIS Technology in The Creation of Local Revitalisation Programs as a Tool for Sustainable Urban Development." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.110.
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Revitalisation is a process of bringing degraded areas back from a state of crisis. It is carried out in a comprehensive way, through integrated activities for the local community, space and economy, concentrated territorially, led by revitalisation stakeholders and based on municipal (local) revitalisation programmes. The Municipal Council accepts the Revitalisation Programme in a resolution. It includes a detailed diagnosis of the revitalisation area, including an analysis of negative phenomena and local potentials in the area. Putting this purpose into practice makes use of GIS technology, which facilitates the process of gathering information about the area and preparing maps, and therefore is helpful to conduct urban inventories. GIS tools allow the location of concentrations of phenomena associated with the degradation of the urban space to be specified, such as crime, unemployment, areas where a large number of people have been excluded. These tools are helpful in indicating the development path for these areas. GIS tools can help find solutions to problem questions. They help justify the accepted solutions. Building multi-criteria decision-making models in a GIS environment, taking into account the social criteria, allows the revitalisation process of the area to proceed to fruition. The authors present the results of studies using the example of a local revitalisation programme in the City of Olsztyn.
Reports on the topic "Crisis stage diagnosis"
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Everson, Bradford. Value orientation in relation to emphasis in the process of diagnosing the family in state of crisis. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.909.
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