Dissertations / Theses: 'Crisis science'

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Hagemeier, Nicholas E. "The Science of Safety: Pharmacists and the Opioid Crisis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1409.

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Popolo, Damian. "The science of crisis : modernity, complexity theory and the Kosovo." Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2045/.

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Gibney, Matthew John. "Political theory and the international refugee crisis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308665.

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Houle, F. "Economic crisis and state interventionism : An analysis of the crisis of the regime of intensive accumulation and the Welfare State." Thesis, University of Kent, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356561.

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Norval, A. J. "Accounting for apartheid : its emergence, logic and crisis." Thesis, University of Essex, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317705.

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Breetz, Hanna L. "Fueled by crisis : U.S. alternative fuel policy, 1975-2007." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83759.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 296-310).
This dissertation investigates the policy-making process that led to three "crash programs" for alternative fuels after energy shocks in the 1970s and early 2000s: (1) the proposed Energy Independence Authority in 1975-1976, (2) the Synthetic Fuels Corporation in 1979-1980, and (3) the revised Renewable Fuel Standard in 2007. These were massively ambitious programs, with enormous budgets and unachievable technological goals. What makes them truly puzzling, though, is that they were major policies that emerged without major advocates. Although various interest groups and constituencies supported the development of alternative fuels, neither the powerful industry lobbies (oil, coal, corn, ethanol) nor the public interest groups (environment) had previously advocated for interventions of this scope and scale. This presents a fundamental empirical puzzle for public policy scholars, as it contradicts our understanding of the drivers of policy change. Typically, the policy process literature portrays radical policy change as resulting from the strategic efforts of interest or advocacy groups during a window of opportunity. Here, however, radical policy change occurred in the absence of lobbying or advocacy efforts. What explains this phenomenon? How do we account for the creation of these programs? What conditions and sequence of decision-making led to these policy outcomes? This dissertation develops an alternative model of "politician-driven policymaking." Public alarm over a deepening national crisis is the catalyst for this process. It gives rise to two coupled mechanisms: "bidding up," in which the President and Congress compete for leadership during the crisis, and "signing on," in which interest groups and minority Congressional groups bargain and often bandwagon with the legislative proposals.
by Hanna L. Breetz.
Ph.D.

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Schlefer, Jonathan King. "Fractured elites : the politics of economic crisis in Mexico." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38442.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-203).
Economic crises are such powerful socioeconomic disasters that, not surprisingly, they are usually explained by powerful socioeconomic pressures, such as global financial speculation, structural economic failure, or populist demands. This thesis, in contrast, identifies the crucial role of elite politics. From the 1950s through the 1980s politics inside a tiny circle of high Mexican officials made the difference between economic crisis (when the exchange rate crashes) and stability. In the 1950s and 1960s, competing grupos, or cliques, within the ruling party abided by a "cooperative" system. The grupo whose leader won the internal contest for presidential nomination, hence automatically won the election, would do better, but losing grupos retained important posts. Such assurance of political survival allowed elites to defend the political system's long-run interests, not just their narrow self-interests, and avoid economic crises. In the 1970s and 1980s, "struggle" emerged as power conflicts became all-or-nothing, erupting in massive expenditures, other economic gambles, and crises. Public spending soared in pre-election years (27 percent in 1975, 22 percent in 1981), when grupos vied to build support for their leader's presidential nomination. Slashing it in the actual election years (0 growth in 1976, 8 percent decline in 1982, excluding debt payments) was too late to avert economic crisis. Most studies of economic crises in developing nations focus on what went wrong - and find too many possibilities. By scrutinizing Mexico's economic stability in the 1950s and 1960s (when nations such as Brazil and Argentina suffered repeated crises), this thesis is better able to discover the critical characteristics of political success that later eroded.
(cont.) The relationship between state and society did not change; the system of elite politics did. Many interviews with high officials reveal how this system worked, and illuminate important facets of Mexican economic history. The more general lesson is that politics at the heart of the state is not just a small replica of society. While external constituencies endure, elite factions survive or die politically. How they handle mutual conflicts can have momentous effects on a nation.
by Jonathan King Schlefer.
Ph.D.

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Papachristou, Markos Beys. "THE GREEK ANOMALY: THREE BAILOUTS AND A CONTINUING CRISIS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case148279577932419.

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Wilson, Jeffrey G. "The global financial crisis : a crisis of legitimacy for the hegemonic world order and the implications for South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80159.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study attempts to analyse the global economic system in light of the ongoing financial crisis, which is seen as a symptom of a larger crisis of the legitimacy of the capitalist system. It takes a critical approach based, first and foremost, on the theories of Karl Marx. To broaden this application, it also adopts the perspective of the World Systems and neo-Gramscian schools of thought. The study analyses, and synthesises, the theoretical contributions of these approaches, allowing for the conceptualisation of a World System, based upon the tenets of capitalism, with a hegemon, the United States of America, at its apex. Using the historical materialist method, it traces the genesis and progress of the capitalist model. It analyses the particular style of accumulation which precipitated the current crisis. From there it examines the situation in the semi-periphery, the locus of past socialist revolutions. To this end, it regards the case of South Africa, an intermediary, between the industrialised core and the underdeveloped periphery. It uses Robert Cox‟s assessment of the importance of social forces in maintaining or supplanting a hegemonic project. Although the study finds South African society fraught with contradictions, alternative social movements currently remain unable to produce a coherent emancipatory programme. While the crisis, and other recent events, have illuminated the contradictions inherent to capitalism, despite widespread popular mobilisation, coherent responses from the Left remain deficient. The hegemonic structures and institutions are bereft of the necessary prescriptions for a resolution to the situation, yet in this moment of opportunity, the Left appears unable to articulate and mobilise sufficiently to bring about an emancipatory, counter-hegemonic, movement.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie probeer om die globale ekonomiese stelsel binne die konteks van die voortslepende finansiële krisis Hierdie krisies word beskou as 'n simptoom van 'n meer omvattende krisies onderliggend aan die legitimiteit van die kapitalistiese stelsel. Dit volg in die eerste plek ŉ kritiese benadering gebaseer op die teorieë van Karl Marx. Om hierdie toepassing te verbreed, word daar ook gebruik gemaak van die Wêreldstelsel- en neo-Gramscian denkskole. Die studie analiseer en sintetiseer, die teoretiese bydraes van hierdie benaderings, met inagneming van die konseptualisering van ŉ Wêreldstelsel, gebaseer op die beginsels van kapitalisme, met ŉ hegemoon, die Verenigde State van Amerika, aan sy spits. Met behulp van die historiese materialistiese metode gaan dit die wordingsgeskiedenis en verloop van die kapitalistiese model na. Dit analiseer die besondere vorm van akkumulasie wat grondliggend is aan die huidige krisis. Daarna ondersoek dit die situasie in die semi-periferie, die lokus van vorige sosialistiese revolusies. Met daardie doel voor oë fokus die tesis op die geval van Suid-Afrika, ŉ tussenganger, tussen die geïndustrialiseerde kern en die onderontwikkelde periferie. Daar word bevind dat die die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing vol teenstrydighede is, maar, nietemin, alternatiewe sosiale bewegings tans nie daartoe in staat is om ŉ koherente emansipatoriese program tot stand te bring nie. Terwyl die krisies en ander gebeure, lig gewerp het op die teenstrydighede inherent aan kapitalisme, ontbreek, desondanks wydverspreide algemene mobilisering, koherente reaksies vanuit die Linksgesinde kamp. Die hegemoniese strukture en instellings ly gebrek aan lewensvatbare voorskrifte vir 'n oplossing en Linksgesindes, nieteenstaande die opportunistiese oomblik, is nie daartoe in staat is om te ŉ emansipatoriese, teen-hegemoniese beweging te artikuleer en te mobiliseer nie.

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Schmidt, Susanne Antje. "The midlife crisis, gender, and social science in the United States, 1970-2000." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273918.

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This thesis provides the first rigorous history of the concept of midlife crisis. It highlights the close connections between understandings of the life course and social change. It reverses accounts of popularization by showing how an idea moved from the public sphere into academia. Above all, it uncovers the feminist origins of the concept and places this in a historically little-studied tradition of writing about middle age that rejected the gendered "double standard of aging." Constructions of middle age and life-planning were not always oppressive, but often used for feminist purposes. The idea of midlife crisis became popular in the United States with journalist Gail Sheehy's Passages (1976), a critique of Erik Erikson's male-centered model of ego development and psychoanalytic constructions of gender and identity more generally. Drawing on mid-century notions of middle life as the time of a woman's entry into the public sphere, Sheehy's midlife crisis defined the onset of middle age, for men and women, as the end of traditional gender roles. As dual-earner families replaced the male breadwinner model, Passages circulated widely, read by women and men of different generations, including social scientists. Three psychoanalytic experts-Daniel Levinson, George Vaillant, and Roger Gould-rebutted Sheehy by putting forward a male-only concept of midlife as the end of a man's family obligations; they banned women from reimagining their lives. Though this became the dominant meaning of midlife crisis, it was not universally accepted. Feminist scholars, most famously the psychologist and ethicist Carol Gilligan, drew on women's experiences to challenge the midlife crisis, turning it into a sign of emotional instability, immaturity, and egotism. Resonating with widespread understandings of mental health and social responsibility, and confirmed by large-scale surveys in the late 1990s, this relegated the midlife crisis to a chauvinist cliché. It has remained a contested concept for negotiating the balances between work and life, production and reproduction into the present day.

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Bullion, Alan James. "India, Sri Lanka and the Tamil crisis, 1976-1990." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240258.

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Thorburn, Joanne. "Refugee protection in Europe : lessons of the Yugoslav crisis." Thesis, University of Kent, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318109.

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Alhijazi, Yahya Z. D. "The conflicting interests - the Warsaw system crisis /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20219.

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Private international air law encompasses the delicate balance of interest between the air carriers and the consumers of their service. This balance is made by states according to their socioeconomic and political conditions. Since these conditions differ among states, another, yet more complex conflict of interests arises between states as to how the interest of air carriers and consumers should be balanced. This difference between states has been, and still is, the biggest obstacle in the way of unifying private international air law.
Giving an overview of the present situation and the possible future implications, this thesis highlights the balance of interest of the successive private international air law instruments and examines the factors that lead thereto. This thesis further analyses the crisis of unified private international air law and the actions taken to confront it by examining the reasons behind it in order to understand the current situation and apprehend the future.

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McLaughlin, Gregory. "Cold War news : a paradigm in crisis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1994. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2746/.

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The role of the media - East and West - in the East European revolutions in 1989 has been the subject of much discussion and research. However, the focus has been on the extent to which the media directly influenced these events. There has been very little work done on the impact of the revolutions on how the western news media reported events to their domestic audiences. Yet for over 40 years, they had reported Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union within a specific, interpretative framework: "Cold War News". Suddenly, in 1989, the whole referential structure appeared to fall apart as assumptions shattered and certainties crumbled. This study, therefore, examines the impact of political revolution and crisis on 'Cold War news'. It uses in-depth quantitative-qualitative content analysis, and pays special attention to images, language, themes, and structures of access in order to reveal the nature and extent of the paradigm crisis and point up contradictions that may arise as a result.

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Stoffle, Carla J., and Kim Leeder. "Practitioners and Library Education: A Crisis of Understanding." Association for Library and Information Science Education, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106125.

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The authors respond to the issues presented in the article "Crying Wolf: An examination and reconsideration of the perception of crisis in LIS education," published in the same issue of the Journal of Education for Library and Information Science.

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Altman, Daniel W. (Daniel William). "Red lines and faits accomplis in interstate coercion and crisis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99775.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Political Science, 2015.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
The International Relations literature has an established view of interstate crises that explains how states pursue victory in terms of signaling resolve. States make gains with credible coercive threats (compellence). In contrast, this dissertation conceives of each crisis as a strategic competition between a challenger seeking to make gains unilaterally by fait accompli and its adversary's countervailing efforts to set red lines to deter these faits accomplis. After clarifying the neglected concepts of "red line" and "fait accompli," the dissertation takes up two questions the literature has left unexplored: When are faits accomplis likely to occur? When are they likely to lead to war? The result is a theory of coercive conflict explaining why deterrent red lines that contain any of four weaknesses -- types of gray areas, in essence -- are especially vulnerable to faits accomplis. This theory is tested with two case studies -- the 1948-1949 Berlin Blockade Crisis and the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis -- and an analysis of gray areas and land grabs in territorial crises since 1918. Making extensive use of declassified documents, the case studies show that the "game" of crises need not be a matter of convincing the adversary of one's willingness to fight. Instead, states pursue victory by finding gray areas and other weaknesses in deterrent red lines that they can exploit to unilaterally take as much as possible -- often by fait accompli -- without crossing the line and overtly firing on the other side. Crises, from this standpoint, are a game of finding ways to advance without attacking. The analysis of territorial crises makes use of original data on all land grab faits accomplis since 1918. It shows first that states far more often make territorial gains by fait accompli than by coercing a territorial cession. It then focuses on the impact of geographical gray areas, which take two forms: islands located awkwardly between two core territories and border ambiguities. It finds that two-thirds of all land grabs since 1918 targeted a gray area. These gray areas render faits accomplis more effective at making a gain without provoking war and, consequently, more likely to occur.
by Daniel W. Altman.
Ph. D.

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Yoon, Tae-Young. "Crisis management on the Korean peninsula : South Korea's crisis management towards North Korea within the context of the South Korean-U.S. alliance, 1968-1983." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389499.

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This thesis examines South Korea's crisis management towards North Korea within the context of the South Korea-U.S. alliance with particular emphasis on the three crises from 1968 to 1983: (1) the 1968 Blue House raid / Pueblo incident; (2) the 1976 Panmunjom axe murder incident; and (3) the 1983 Rangoon bombing incident. For an analytical framework, five factors have been selected from a broad survey of theoretical and case-study literature on crisis management as those that are most helpful in understanding the particular crisis management processes and tasks that confronted the ROK: (1) crisis objectives; (2) crisis management strategies; (3) images of North Korea's intentions and crisis dynamics; (4) bargaining with the V.S.; and (5) characteristics of the crisis management system. Moreover, it seeks to identify lessons learned from the management of each Korean crisis. Examining each case within a common analytical framework, this study seeks to identify the central nature of South Korea's dilemmas, efforts, and problems in crisis management towards North Korea within the context of the ROK-V.S. alliance. The main findings of this thesis are: (1) South Korean leaders experienced not only the fundamental policy dilemma of crisis management towards North Korea, but also the dilemma of bargaining with the V.S. within the context of the ROK-U.S. alliance; (2) South Korea limited both its crisis objectives and the means to be employed. South Korean military moves to signal firm resolution were largely co-ordinated with and made consistent with political objectives and diplomatic actions; (3) South Korea's major crisis management strategies were designed to deter or dissuade North Korea from escalating towards stronger action, preserve its reputation for firmness, and increase North Korea's estimate of the net costs of escalation and war; (4) within the restraints of credible military capabilities and limited operational control over its own armed forces, South Korea tried to manipulate the V.S. in order to extract military and political support to create the most favourable conditions for crisis management. However, the V.S. resolve and its willingness to support South Korea could have contributed to escalation through South Korea's exploitation and misjudgement; (5) the South Korean leaders' image of crisis dynamics directly affected their crisis management behaviour, including their choices of crisis objectives and crisis management strategies, and bargaining tactics with the V.S.; (6) chronic problems of crisis management within the alliance context occurred as a result of asymmetries in the balance of interests and different perceptions of threat and crisis. As for the implications of the ROK-V.S. joint crisis management system, this system restrained South Korea from taking independent crisis action and limited South Korea's choice of crisis options, but helped South Korea to lock V.S. forces into these Korean crises and enabled it to use America's massive military power in an effort to strengthen its own and the joint deterrent posture and thereby to coerce North Korea during crises; and (7) South Korea's lack of a central crisis management organisation and independent intelligence collection capability were critical problems in effective crisis management. On the whole, within the context of the alliance, the capacity of South Korea to manage crises short of war on the Korean peninsula depended as much on influencing the behaviour of the U.S. as it did on controlling the behaviour of North Korea. South Korea has worked effectively with the U.S. to build a strong alliance that has confronted North Korea and persuaded it to draw back from crises. Moreover, it has been fully involved in the vital crisis management process of limiting risks by moderating its own crisis objectives and crisis behaviour. It has also done this through the process of making measured and balanced judgements.

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Quadir, Tarik Masud. "Modern science and the environmental crisis : the traditional Islamic response of Seyyed Hossein Nasr." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/2903/.

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In the 1960s, Seyyed Hossein Nasr was the first to articulate in contemporary language the vision of an Islamic environmentalism. Ever since, in a number of articles and interviews Nasr has elaborated his vision further. As the ultimate solution to the environmental crisis, he has persistently argued the need to substitute the prevalent scientific worldview with a religious worldview. However, there has not been any systematic and comprehensive presentation of Nasr’s approach that discusses his ideas in the context of the intellectual currents which have shaped his thought. This thesis attempts to address the gaps in the presentation of Nasr’s religious perspectives on environmentalism. The research has been guided by two questions: 1) what do we need to know to best appreciate Nasr’s vision? And 2) how does Nasr’s vision adhere to traditional Islamic thought? The thesis has demonstrated that Nasr’s arguments are rooted in metaphysical principles of reality, found in the perennial philosophy as well as in traditional Islamic metaphysics, Sufism, philosophy and sciences, as represented by the key authorities of those areas. The thesis hopefully contributes to scholarship in an important dimension of Islamic environmentalism and on the environmental aspects of the relevant intellectual currents.

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Hansén, Dan. "Crisis and Perspectives on Policy Change : Swedish Counter-terrorism Policymaking." Doctoral thesis, Försvarshögskolan, CRISMART (Nationellt Centrum för Krishanteringsstudier), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-2023.

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Mohsen, Ashraf Mohsen Mohamed. "Anglo-Egyptian relations in the aftermath of the Suez crisis." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1993. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28891/.

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This thesis examines the reconstruction of Anglo-Egyptian relations in the aftermath of the Suez crisis during the period 1957-1961. The research starts by showing that this relationship was ruptured as a result of conflicts in the foreign policies of the two states. This rupture occurred during the period 1954-1956 despite the fact that all problems in the bilateral field between the two countries were settled in 1953 and 1954. The sudden rupture in Anglo-Egyptian relations created several problems in the field of bilateral relations. These problems generated sufficient pressure on the governments of both countries to force them to meet, negotiate and make compromises on their initial positions in order to reach an agreement. The research starts with an introductory chapter (Chapter One) which shows the development of Anglo-Egyptian relations up to 1957. The second chapter exposes the problems in bilateral relations between the two states as a result of the rupture in 1956, and their impact on both states. Chapter Three describes the start of the Anglo-Egyptian negotiations, and how Egypt tried to reach an agreement with the United Kingdom in 1957. Chapter Four shows how an agreement was reached between the two states, the U.K.'s efforts to reach an agreement, and demonstrates the negligible impact of the conflicts in the foreign policies of the two states on the negotiations. The fifth and final chapter deals with the reconstruction of official relations and the impact of this on bilateral relations between Egypt and the U.K. and on the region as a whole.

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Erdem, Cagri. "Governance of transboundary environmental crisis in the Aral Sea Basin the role of Uzbek environmental NGOs /." Related electronic resource:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1342745161&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3739&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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George, William. "Explaining State Crisis Behavior Using the Operational Code." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6283.

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Does the operational code of a state's leadership have an effect on its behavior during foreign policy crises? Specifically, do states with more conflictual operational codes opt for a more conflictual response to crises, or do systemic and structural variables intervene to limit their significance? While the study of individual level psychology in international relations has been gaining momentum, the causal links between beliefs and behavior have yet to be solidified. This study used ordered logistic regression across three models to determine the effect of the operational code on state crisis behavior while controlling for key domestic and crisis dimension variables. Predicted probabilities were also used to better demonstrate the variables' substantive effects. The 50 cases used in this research are drawn from the International Crisis Behavior Dataset composed by Brecher and Wilkenfeld, and they focus on the United States as the major crisis actor. Operational code data were derived from computer-based content analysis using the Verbs In Context System (Walker, Schafer, and Young 1998). The theoretical goal of this paper was to explain variance in state crisis behavior through variations in the operational codes of US Presidents. The results demonstrate that the operational codes of leaders do affect state crisis behavior. Specifically, the operational code indices P1 and I1 show that a leader with a more conflictual view of the nature of the political universe and a conflictual direction of strategy is more likely to employ escalatory crisis behavior.
M.A.
Masters
Political Science
Sciences
Political Science; International Studies Track

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Keller, Jonathan W. "Leadership style, domestic political constraints, and foreign policy crisis decision-making /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486457871784773.

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Sipics, Michelle. "Abandoned minds : the escalating crisis of geriatric mental illness." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39442.

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Thesis (S.M. in Science Writing)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Humanities, Graduate Program in Science Writing, 2006.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 47).
Older adults are susceptible to the same mental afflictions that affect other age groups; depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and other illnesses affect all adult age groups to varying degrees. Yet despite recent improvements in the research attention given to mental disorders and reductions in the stigma against such illnesses in younger age groups, the elderly remain a vastly underserved segment of the population in both mental health research and care. They are not underrepresented in numbers, however: the National Institutes of Health place the population of adults 65 and older "on the threshold of a boom," predicting that the age group will include 72 million individuals by the year 2030 and comprise 20 percent of the U.S. population. The trend is expected to begin in earnest when the first Baby Boomers turn 65 just five years from now, in 2011. Yet despite these numbers and the population's high risk of mental illness - the elderly are more prone to mental illness than any other age group - the U.S. health system remains grossly unprepared for the mental health needs of the elderly population.
(cont.) Its major problems include a shortage of caregivers, a notable lack of successful treatment methods, a dearth of research on the aspects of mental illness specific to the elderly, and a lack of funding to facilitate such research. With less than five years left before the first wave of this massive population growth begins, experts unequivocally agree that the nation is already in a crisis. This thesis documents the medical, social, and political challenges facing patients, researchers, advocates, clinicians and caregivers in the coming decades - and today.
by Michelle Sipics.
S.M.in Science Writing

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Nohrstedt, Daniel. "Crisis and Policy Reformcraft : Advocacy Coalitions and Crisis-induced Change in Swedish Nuclear Energy Policy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Department of Government, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7796.

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Kotouza, Dimitra. "Surplus citizens : struggles in the Greek crisis, 2010-2014." Thesis, University of Kent, 2015. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/55614/.

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This thesis analyses the social struggles that occurred between 2010 and 2014 during the crisis in Greece: labour struggles, the movement of the squares, demonstrations and riots, neighbourhood assemblies, solidarity projects and economies, local environmental struggles, and anti-fascist and migrants' struggles. It discusses their internal and external limits in the historical specificity of the contemporary crisis and class relation. Drawing critically on Théorie Communiste's periodising schema, these struggles are framed, first, through a shift in the dynamic of the class relation effected by the crisis and the restructuring, which is a continuation of the first phase of 'neoliberal' restructuring in the 1990s. This shift intensified a central capitalist contradiction: while the capital relation imposes most violently the absolute dependence of subsistence on the wage, the wage relation fails to guarantee subsistence and integrates proletarians as surplus to capitalist reproduction. Second, the struggles are framed through the deep political crisis of state sovereignty and the relation between state and civil society, caused by the relentless imposition of the restructuring in conjunction with supranational institutions. These historical transformations are traced through the mutual constitution of international tendencies and the development of class struggle in Greece, against theories of dependency and underdevelopment. Ideological responses to the financial crisis and the logic of the restructuring are interrogated by employing theories of value, fetishism, and the state influenced by the German 'value-form' debate. Foucault-influenced conceptions of governmentality and sovereignty are also deployed to examine the restructuring's forms of imposition and the biopolitical crisis-management strategies of the state, which reinforced the racialised and gendered constitution of civil society. The thesis argues that these two elements, the changing dynamic of the class relation and the crisis of the state and civil society, defined the struggles of this period, in which two core characteristics can be identified. First, labour struggles confronted the dilemma between the necessity and inadequacy of the wage through an ambivalence between their attachment to work and their estrangement from it. This ambivalence did not question the terms of the dilemma posed, which were only questioned fleetingly in riots that interrupted the normality of commodity exchange. Second, the deep political crisis provoked struggles defending democracy, with the disempowered 'Greek citizen' as their central subject, which constitutively excluded migrants. The splitting of these struggles between leftwing anti-imperialist and rightwing anti-immigration nationalism, and into a struggle between fascism and anti-fascism, were not able to challenge this constitutive exclusion, which was only questioned by migrants' own struggles. Nationalism and the drive to reinforce unsettled social hierarchies played into the governmental effort to contain the political crisis, through the state's biopolitical management of the migrant and marginal, racialised and gendered surplus populations produced in the crisis.

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Kong, Tat Yan. "The state in development : crisis and readjustment; South Korea 1976-86." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334369.

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Nadler, Daniel. "The Political Economy of Federal Systems in Times of Economic Crisis." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23845494.

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This dissertation examines how political institutions, as dynamically affected by voters and legislatures, mediate financial market reactions to severe fiscal shocks. This work uses as its case studies the experience of the U.S. states following the 2008 credit market seizure, and that of the German states following the financial crisis. It is found that following credit market seizures and severe fiscal shocks, political institutions become more important to market participants in assessing the risk characteristics of state bonds. Specifically, while unexpected deficits are correlated with higher state bond yields across all states, this effect is larger for states with left-leaning political systems than for states with right-leaning political systems. These results suggest that during economic crises – when credit markets might expect that political systems can no longer delay stabilizations – the identity of the political institutions and actors “behind the markets” become increasingly important.
Government

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Dillingham, Iain. "Exploring the geographic uncertainty associated with crowdsourced crisis information : a geovisualisation approach." Thesis, City, University of London, 2013. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17897/.

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New information and communications technologies, such as mobile phones and social media, have presented the humanitarian community with a dilemma: how should humanitarian organisations integrate information from crisis-affected communities into their decision-making processes whilst guarding against inaccurate information from untrustworthy sources? Advocates of crisis mapping claim that, under certain circumstances, crowdsourcing can increase the accuracy of crisis information. However, whilst previous research has studied the geography of crisis information, the motivations of people who create crisis map mashups, and the motivations of people who crowdsource crisis information, the geography of, and the uncertainty associated with, crowdsourced crisis information has been ignored. As such, the current research is motivated by the desire to explore the geographic uncertainty associated with, and to contribute a better understanding of, crowdsourced crisis information. The current research contributes to the fields of GISc (Geographic Information Science) and crisis informatics; crisis mapping; and geovisualisation specifically and information visualisation more generally. These contributions can be summarised as an approach to, and an understanding of, the geographic uncertainty associated with crowdsourced crisis information; three geovisualisation software prototypes that can be used to identify meaningful patterns in crisis information; and the design, analysis, and evaluation model, which situates the activities associated with designing a software artefact-and using it to undertake analysis-within an evaluative framework. The approach to the geographic uncertainty associated with crowdsourced crisis information synthesised techniques from GISc, geovisualisation, and natural language processing. By following this approach, it was found that location descriptions from the Haiti crisis map did not 'fit' an existing conceptual model, and, consequently, that there is a need for new or enhanced georeferencing methods that attempt to estimate the uncertainty associated with free-text location descriptions from sources of crowdsourced crisis information.

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Coletto, Renato. "The legitimacy crisis of science in late-modern philosophy : towards a reformational response / Renato Coletto." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1124.

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This study investigates the challenges to the legitimacy and authority of scientific research in late modern philosophy of science. The author suggests that the different challenges to the legitimacy of science have led to relativism and amount to a crisis. Keeping in mind the positivist background, he illustrates the legitimacy crisis of science in the period from Popper to the present. In particular his analysis focuses on the "historical school" (Kuhn, Feyerabend etc.) in philosophy of science. The main question of this study is: what are the causes and the nature of the legitimacy crisis emerging in the contemporary philosophical assessment of science? To answer this question, a few specific challenges to the legitimacy of science emerging in particular areas are analysed: for example the difficulties of anchoring scientific certitude to its proper object of study, the loss of objectivity, growing scepticism about the possibility of communication and scientific progress. After substantiating the gradual emergence of relativist and sceptical approaches in the abovementioned areas, this study provides a "diagnosis" aiming at identifying the causes of the crisis. The humanist ground motive of nature and freedom and the choice of anchoring scientific certainty either in the subject or in the object of knowledge are considered the main sources of the crisis. They lead to arbitrary absolutisations of particular aspects of the scientific enterprise and (in the case of subjectivist approaches) to sceptical approaches to the possibility of scientific objectivity, communication and progress. This study also indicates a few possible resources, available in the reformational tradition, to counteract the legitimacy crisis of science. The main resource indicated in this study is the recognition of the structural order for reality, which is accessible to scientific analysis, "constrains" scientific research but also constitutes a common ground for researchers. Other important resources are the recognition of the link between scientific and pre-scientific knowledge and the acknowledgment that universality and individuality are traits of everything that exists.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Philosophy))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

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Rosi, Alessia. "Swedish nation branding in crisis : A study on the Swedish nation branding strategy and the migration crisis' impact." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324214.

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Swedish nation branding has been studied with the main purpose to contribute to the research field of integrating the nation branding concept into IR. The study conducts a detailed description of Swedish branding strategies and its government’s statements of the migration policy change, during the peak of the migration crisis of 2015 through the theoretical framework of constructivism and soft power. This has been examined with the aim of describing the evolution of the strategy and the government’s statements during the migration crisis in order to clarify how a crisis can affect future branding strategies. The findings show that in a changing international arena, there is a significant need for nations’ branding strategies to be realistic and competitive in order to be able to obtain soft power.

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Cyr, Jennifer Marie. "The political party system and democratic crisis in Bolivia." FIU Digital Commons, 2005. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2703.

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Using Kenneth Roberts’ (2002) party-society linkages framework, this study examined the reasons for the decline of the political party system in Bolivia after 2000. The political party system that emerged in 1985 was connected to society primarily through clientelist-based linkages. The economic and political model adopted after the transition to democracy severely debilitated the party system’s capacity to forge linkages with society beyond clientelism. Using interviews, survey data, and primary and secondary documents, the study demonstrated that prolonged economic recession and social change revealed the weaknesses of the linkages connecting the political party system with Bolivian society. It concluded that the party system in Bolivia went into decline because it could not adapt to the country’s changing social landscape after 2000. The highly limited nature of clientelist-based linkages in Bolivia suggests that they were ill-suited to withstand economic recession and social crisis.

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Wise, Sarah. "Using social media content to inform agent-based models for humanitarian crisis response." Thesis, George Mason University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3625119.

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Crisis response is a time-sensitive problem with multiple concurrent and interacting subprocesses, applied around the world in a wide range of contexts and with access to varying levels of resources. The movement of individuals with their shifting patterns of need and, frequently, disrupted normal support systems pose challenges to responders trying to understand what is needed, where, and when. Unfortunately, crises frequently occur in parts of the world that lack the infrastructure to respond to them and the information to inform responders where to target their efforts. In light of these challenges, researchers can make use of new data sources and technologies, combining the information products with simulation techniques to gain knowledge of the situation and to explore the various ways in which a crisis may develop. These new data sources—including social media such as Twitter and volunteered geographic information (VGI) from groups such as OpenStreetMap—can be combined with authoritative data sources in order to create rich, synthetic datasets, which may in turn be subjected to processes such as sentiment analysis and social network analysis. Further, these datasets can be transformed into information which supports powerful agent- based models (ABM). Such models can capture the behavior of heterogeneous individuals and their decision-making process, allowing researchers to explore the emergent dynamics of crisis situations. To that end, this research explores the gathering, cleaning, and synthesis of diverse data sources as well as the information which can be extracted from such synthetic data sources. Further, the work presents a rich, behaviorally complex agent-based model of an evacuation effort. The case study deals with the 2012 Colorado Wildfires, which threatened the city of Colorado Springs and prompted the evacuation of over 28,000 persons over the course of four days. The model itself explores how a synthetic population with automatically generated synthetic social networks communicates about and responds to the developing crisis, utilizing real evacuation order information as well as a model of wildfire development to which the individual agents respond. This research contributes to the study of data synthesis, agent-based modeling, and crisis development.

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Bransden, Simon Mark. "A comparative study of dynamics in federal political systems in times of crisis." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2017. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/16295/.

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The thesis seeks to develop understandings of dynamics in federal political systems in crisis, the nature of the relationship between crisis and process, and the range of tools available for conflict reduction that extend beyond those available in the constitutional frameworks of each system. The dissertation explores these through a comparative study of a small n of cases that meet the criterion of a period of crisis as the independent variable: the Staten Island secession crisis in New York City, the existential crisis of Quebec's relationship with the rest of Canada, and the crisis of the UK and European integration at the time of Maastricht. The data collection process for each is framed on a temporal basis, within the duration of crisis as defined, and spatially, within the territorial extent of the system. The thesis uses data gathered from primary and secondary written sources based on the relevance to the research questions and conceptual framework. The analysis, located in the comparative section, identifies a number of important findings that contribute to theoretical understandings of federalism. The evidence gives support to, and extends the understanding of, federalism by demonstrating that the crisis potential in each case becomes evident because of challenges to some communities' values that arise from the process-based nature of federalism, through identifiable demands and counter-demands made by actors. Moreover, it highlights how the constraining nature of constitutional frameworks makes the use of extra-constitutional arrangements essential, in particular with the use of instrumentalities. The thesis also develops an understanding of how federal power sharing evolves post-crisis with flexible understandings of the division of competences, and the potential for a return to crisis in systems in the absence of a deeper understanding and application of federal principles by political elites.

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Nestaiko, Marta. "ECOLOGICAL CRISIS AND HUMAN NATURE: The Green and Liberal Approaches." Thesis, Waterloo, Ont. : University of Waterloo, [Dept. of Polical Science], 2003. http://etd.uwaterloo.ca/etd/mnestaik2003.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Waterloo, 2003.
"A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science". Includes bibliographical references.

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Praiwattana, P. "Investigation into game-based crisis scenario modelling and simulation system." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9188/.

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A crisis is an infrequent and unpredictable event. Training and preparation process requires tools for representation of crisis context. Particularly, crisis events consist of different situations, which can occur at the same time combining into complex situation and becoming a challenge in coordinating several crisis management departments. In this regards, disaster prevention, preparedness and relief can be conceptualized into a design of hypothetical crisis game. Many complex tasks during development of emergency circumstance provide an opportunity for practitioners to train their skills, which are situation analysis, decision-making, and coordination procedures. While the training in physical workouts give crisis personal a hand-on experience in the given situation, it often requires a long time to prepare with a considerable budget. Alternatively, computational framework which allows simulation of crisis models tailoring into crisis scenario can become a cost-effective substitution to this study and training. Although, there are several existing computational toolsets to simulate crisis, there is no system providing a generic functionality to define crisis scenario, simulation model, agent development, and artificial intelligence problem planning in the single unified framework. In addition, a development of genetic framework can become too complex due to a multi-disciplinary knowledge required in each component. Besides, they have not fully incorporated a game technology toolset to fasten the system development process and provide a rich set of features and functionalities to these mentioned components. To develop such crisis simulation system, there are several technologies that must be studied to derive a requirement for software engineering approach in system’s specification designs. With a current modern game technology available in the market, it enables fast prototyping of the framework integrating with cutting-edge graphic render engine, asset management, networking, and scripting library. Therefore, a serious game application for education in crisis management can be fundamentally developed early. Still, many features must be developed exclusively for the novel simulation framework on top of the selected game engine. In this thesis, we classified for essential core components to design a software specification of a serious game framework that eased crisis scenario generation, terrain design, and agent simulation in UML formats. From these diagrams, the framework was prototyped to demonstrate our proposed concepts. From the beginning, the crisis models for different disasters had been analysed for their design and environment representation techniques, thus provided a choice of based simulation technique of a cellular automata in our framework. Importantly, a study for suitability in selection of a game engine product was conducted since the state of the art game engines often ease integration with upcoming technologies. Moreover, the literatures for a procedural generation of crisis scenario context were studied for it provided a structure to the crisis parameters. Next, real-time map visualization in dynamic of resource representation in the area was developed. Then the simulation systems for a large-scale emergency response was discussed for their choice of framework design with their examples of test-case study. An agent-based modelling tool was also not provided from the game engine technology so its design and decision-making procedure had been developed. In addition, a procedural content generation (PCG) was integrated for automated map generation process, and it allowed configuration of scenario control parameters over terrain design during run-time. Likewise, the artificial planning architecture (AI planning) to solve a sequence of suitable action toward a specific goal was considered to be useful to investigate an emergency plan. However, AI planning most often requires an offline computation with a specific planning language. So the comparison study to select a fast and reliable planner was conducted. Then an integration pipeline between the planner and agent was developed over web-service architecture to separate a large computation from the client while provided ease of AI planning configuration using an editor interface from the web application. Finally, the final framework called CGSA-SIM (Crisis Game for Scenario design and Agent modelling simulation) was evaluated for run-time performance and scalability analysis. It shown an acceptable performance framerate for a real-time application in the worst 15 frame-per-seconds (FPS) with maximum visual objects. The normal gameplay performed capped 60 FPS. At same time, the simulation scenario for a wildfire situation had been tested with an agent intervention which generated a simulation data for personal or case evaluation. As a result, we have developed the CGSA-SIM framework to address the implementation challenge of incorporating an emergency simulation system with a modern game technology. The framework aims to be a generic application providing main functionality of crisis simulation game for a visualization, crisis model development and simulation, real-time interaction, and agent-based modelling with AI planning pipeline.

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Aulov, Oleg. "Retrieving quantifiable social media data from human sensor networks for disaster modeling and crisis mapping." Thesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3637303.

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This dissertation presents a novel approach that utilizes quantifiable social media data as a human aware, near real-time observing system, coupled with geophysical predictive models for improved response to disasters and extreme events. It shows that social media data has the potential to significantly improve disaster management beyond informing the public, and emphasizes the importance of different roles that social media can play in management, monitoring, modeling and mitigation of natural and human-caused extreme disasters.

In the proposed approach Social Media users are viewed as "human sensors" that are "deployed" in the field, and their posts are considered to be "sensor observations", thus different social media outlets all together form a Human Sensor Network. We utilized the "human sensor" observations, as boundary value forcings, to show improved geophysical model forecasts of extreme disaster events when combined with other scientific data such as satellite observations and sensor measurements. Several recent extreme disasters are presented as use case scenarios.

In the case of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster of 2010 that devastated the Gulf of Mexico, the research demonstrates how social media data from Flickr can be used as a boundary forcing condition of GNOME oil spill plume forecast model, and results in an order of magnitude forecast improvement. In the case of Hurricane Sandy NY/NJ landfall impact of 2012, we demonstrate how the model forecasts, when combined with social media data in a single framework, can be used for near real-time forecast validation, damage assessment and disaster management. Owing to inherent uncertainties in the weather forecasts, the NOAA operational surge model only forecasts the worst-case scenario for flooding from any given hurricane. Geolocated and time-stamped Instagram photos and tweets allow near real-time assessment of the surge levels at different locations, which can validate model forecasts, give timely views of the actual levels of surge, as well as provide an upper bound beyond which the surge did not spread.

Additionally, we developed AsonMaps—a crisis-mapping tool that combines dynamic model forecast outputs with social media observations and physical measurements to define the regions of event impacts.

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Plata, Parga Gabriel. "La derecha vasca y la crisis de la democracia española, 1931-1936 /." [Bilbao] : Diputación foral de Bizkaia, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371601648.

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Muffet-Willett, Stacy L. "Waiting for a Crisis: Case Studies of Crisis Leaders in Higher Education." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1290118943.

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Rolman-Smith, Polly M. "Bacteria and Politics: The Application of Science to the Yellow Fever Crisis in Reconstruction New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1768.

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The emergence of germ theory during the nineteenth century transformed Western medicine. By the 1870s, public health officials in the American South used germ theory to promote sanitation efforts to control public health crises, such as yellow fever epidemics. Before the discovery of mosquito transmission of yellow fever, physicians of the late nineteenth century believed the disease was spread by a highly contagious germ. Prominent medical practitioners of New Orleans, such as Confederate Army veteran Dr. Joseph Jones, used available scientific knowledge and investigation to attempt to control yellow fever during the Reconstruction period, a period rife with political and racial tension in New Orleans. This paper will analyze nineteenth century Southern medicine through the work of Dr. Joseph Jones and will argue that despite the use of cutting edge scientific methods of the era, the political challenges of the Reconstruction period shaded the public health policies in New Orleans.

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Hodges, Andrew. "The everyday geopolitics of science in post-Yugoslav space : from war and 'transition' to economic crisis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-everyday-geopolitics-of-science-in-postyugoslav-space-from-war-and-transition-to-economic-crisis(498797c2-d703-44da-b979-0eaf33107cf0).html.

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My research concerns how the changing geopolitical positioning of the post-Yugoslav states has impacted on the lives and prospects of students and researchers in the natural sciences. The main focus is on scientists’ experiences and self-reporting, both of the situation at present and during the nineties, when scientific operations and scientists’ lives were disrupted by war and in the case of Belgrade, Serbia, UN sanctions against science. My fieldwork is centred on participant ethnography based at an institute in Belgrade, Serbia (the Belgrade Astronomical Observatory). However, throughout the thesis I trace and make connections between numerous other institutes and networks, as well as drawing on interview material and ethnography completed with students in Belgrade and Zagreb, Croatia. I analyse in particular on the impact of the recent wars, attempted ‘democratic transition’ and the current European economic crisis. My main argument is that whilst neoliberalisation and social changes over the past forty years have created opportunities for scientists globally, these opportunities were not evenly distributed. For scientists committed to living and working in the former Yugoslav region, these changes were often, but not always experienced as a hindrance; particularly as seen through the lens of reperipheralisation, which strongly relates to the context of war and recent scientific isolation. In the introduction and first chapter of the thesis, I detail the background in light of which ethnographic insights in the later chapters make sense. I then examine how scientists’ practices and experiences reflect, relate to, shape and have been shaped by not only post-Yugoslav discursive hegemonies (chapter two), but also disciplinary changes (chapter three), local academic hierarchies and conventions (chapter four), the socialist legacy and attempted neoliberal ‘transition’ (chapters two, three, four and five), academic traditions (chapter six) and national cosmology (chapters two and six). The thesis also attempts to make an original contribution to anthropological studies of science, in particular engaging with Latour and Woolgar’s (1986) work on credibility (chapter three), literature on science and its publics (chapter five) and the historiography of science (chapter six). The thesis also draws heavily on anthropological theory from other traditions in the discipline, including Marxist anthropology and theories of hegemony (chapter two), Bourdieu’s (1984) work on education (chapters two and four), Verdery’s (1995) analysis of cultural politics under socialism (chapters three and five) and exchange theory, including Graeber’s (2011) work on debts and indebtedness (chapter six). One key theoretical claim advanced through the ethnographic material is that an anthropological study working with scientists in what Blagojević (2010) terms the ‘semiperiphery’, and where a series of violent wars had recently took place, warrants a human focus, namely on the scientists and how they collectively dealt with and coped with disruption to their work and the reorganisation of their social worlds.

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Vasquez, Marazzani Claudia. "The crisis of the liability regime under the Warsaw system /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20547.

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The Warsaw Convention represents the unification of important rules concerning private international carriage by air. The international community has agreed on those rules, ever since the appearance of the Warsaw Convention in 1929. Today, it would be chaotic for the air transport industry to operate without such a legal framework. In fact, the Warsaw instruments have been the pillars of harmonized international air transportation. However, the Warsaw System now faces a crisis, due to the fact that participants in the air transport industry consider the Warsaw Convention liability regime obsolete, inadequate and outdated. Both governments and air carriers have reacted against this obstacle by adopting unilateral actions in order to update the liability limits. Some of these unilateral actions have substantially increased the limits of liability; others have even considered their disappearance. In particular, IATA has recently adopted two agreements in which air carriers voluntarily waive the Warsaw Convention limits. At the same time, ICAO has presented for the approval of its Legal Committee, a draft text to modernize the Warsaw System. The intention of this proposal is to replace the Warsaw Convention with a new instrument that would modernize and harmonize the liability regime and other matters.

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Tawodzera, Godfrey. "Vulnerability and resilience in crisis : urban household food insecurity in Harare, Zimbabwe." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10831.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-222).
Within the context of demographic growth, rapid urbanization and rising urban poverty which characterizes much of Sub-Saharan Africa in the 21st Century, this thesis examines the urban poor's vulnerability to food insecurity and analyses the strategies that households adopt to enhance their resilience in this challenging environment. Harare is the study site, providing an acute example of a city (and country) 'in crisis', and a context in which formal food markets have failed to meet the needs of the urban poor, within a generalized collapse of the economy. The central question, then, is how do the urban poor meet their food needs under such conditions of extreme material deprivation?

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Miyagawa, Makio. "Economic sanctions with particular reference to the Iran-US hostage crisis in 1979." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302921.

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D'Angelo, G. A. "The consolidation and crisis of the liberal oligarchic state in Peru : 1895-1933." Thesis, University of Essex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356745.

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Larson, Kyle David. "Confidence and Crisis: Mania in International Relations." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu153415534911431.

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Trevisan, Filippo. "Connected citizens or digital isolation? : online disability activism in times of crisis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4561/.

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This thesis asks whether the internet can at all re-configure political participation into a more inclusive experience for disabled users, enhancing their stakes in citizenship. This issue assumes particular relevance at a time in which, amidst the worst economic crisis in decades, the rights of those traditionally excluded from civic life are at risk of being compromised even further. In an effort to transcend the restrictive access/accessibility framework applied so far in disability and new media research, this project focused on the “digitalisation” of disability activism in the wake of the radical welfare reform introduced by the UK government between 2010 and 2012. A combination of emerging digital methods and established social science techniques were employed to map and analyse the groups involved in opposing proposed changes to disability welfare online. These included: hyperlink network analysis; an “inventory” of online media; content analysis of Facebook conversations; and semi-structured interviews with key figures from a variety of campaigning groups. Overall, this work exposed an evolution in the ecology of British disability activism involving both changes in the way in which existing organisations operate as well as the emergence of new, online-based players. In particular, three main group types were identified. These included: formal disability organisations (both “professionalised” charities and member-led groups); experienced disabled activists who experimented with e-campaigning for the first time; and a network of young disabled bloggers-turned-activists who operated exclusively online and rapidly gained visibility on both the internet and traditional mass media (i.e. print and broadcast). Each of these phenomena was explored in detail through the analysis of three emblematic case studies (The Hardest Hit; Disabled People Against Cuts; The Broken of Britain). Several findings emerged that invited reflections on both the changing nature of disability activism in the digital age and the significance of the internet as a civic resource for disadvantaged groups more broadly. To assess the influence of contextual factors on these trends, the online experience of British formal disability organisations was compared to that of their American counterparts, which in the same period were opposing proposals for drastic cuts to federal Medicaid funding. In Britain, established players were found to be blending traditional repertoires with participatory online tools in a bid to “survive” the pressure of changing user-expectations and the fast pace of contemporary politics. Meanwhile, a new generation of self-appointed disabled “leaders” used online media to construct a radically different form of disability activism. This was focused more on issues than ideology, aspiring to redesigning protest in a less contentious and arguably more effective fashion. Nevertheless, the high centralisation and rigid leadership style adopted by these very same campaigners also cast doubts on their ability to promote a more inclusive campaigning experience for online supporters, whose involvement ultimately constituted a form of “peer-mediated” citizenship rather than direct empowerment. At the same time, the comparative part of this study captured a counter-intuitive picture for which British formal disability organisations were ahead of their American counterparts in terms of online innovation. This generated some important reflections on the very nature of “context” in online politics with particular reference to the relationship between systemic and circumstantial factors, as well as the importance of acute crisis moments as triggers of progress in e-activism.

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Hastings, Laura Anne. "The politics of financial policy in Argentina and Chile : liberalization, crisis, and re-regulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12567.

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Nietzel, Mark. "A Critique of the American Presidency: Crisis Management Successes and Failures." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1013.

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This thesis observes and critiques leadership and crisis management by seven of the presidents of the United States, starting in the mid 20th century and ending right before our current president’s term. The paper analyzes presidential policies and decision-making, and assesses (grades) their overall performance on how they managed crises. The paper will look at the historical aspects of each crisis and view them through the governmental lens the presidency, and then apply leadership concepts to each president for a final analysis.

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Siddiqui, Asif. "Microeconomic theory and foreign policy crisis decisions : Bangla Desh, 1971." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60684.

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This study analyzes the Bangladesh Crisis by building upon previous works that have applied microeconomic theory to international relations. One of the most innovative lines of inquiry from the realist school is to study international relations through analogy with microeconomic theory. Although used to analyze conflict, war, and the workings of the international system, a strict application of microeconomic theory to interstate crises is rare. This thesis will endeavour to contribute to this linkage.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Crisis science'

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