Journal articles on the topic 'Criminological'
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Demidova-Petrova, Elizaveta V. "Research on juvenile delinquency in modern Russia." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 12, no. 1 (2021): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2021.101.
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In this article, the developed matrix of criminologically significant information is proposed. This matrix reflects the content, structure, and methodology of the study of juvenile delinquency. The described criminological heptagonal matrix is a fairly complete structure of in formation significant for criminological science, which is implemented for the purpose of gaining the most in-depth knowledge of the modern features of juvenile delinquency. The interrelated elements of this matrix are also proposed in this work. Special attention is paid to the area of conducting, on a planned basis, criminological monitoring of juvenile delinquency. It is noted that criminological monitoring has previously been the subject of research by other authors. It is emphasized that conducting criminological monitoring of juvenile delinquency will allow for a “cross-cutting” study of this type of crime, and develop adequate, modern approaches to its prevention. The author provides the results of research on the attitude of citizens to the Internet space. A separate role is assigned to the theory of intersectionality (the theory of intersections of social spheres). The conclusion is substantiated that, based on the fact that the world of modern juveniles is structured, the application of this theory becomes an important element of cognition, study, and identification of the mutual influence of such social spheres as the real (offline) social sphere, virtual (online) social sphere with the identity of a juvenile.
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Zaborski, Lawrence, S. J. Pfohl, and A. Gordon. "Criminological Displacements." Teaching Sociology 17, no. 1 (January 1989): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1317970.
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Kleymenov, Ivan, Mikhail Kleymenov, and Sergey Metelev. "Criminological Intelligence." Russian Journal of Criminology 13, no. 4 (August 23, 2019): 575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2019.13(4).575-584.
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In the current conditions of mass substitution of reality by simulacra created on the basis of criminal motivation in the interests of criminals, criminological intelligence acts as an adequate response to the challenges of the contemporary situation in its different dimensions — global, regional, national. Criminological intelligence, as a relatively independent type of investigation activities, is defined by the authors as legal collection, analysis, evaluation and interpretation of information on the criminalization of public relations, on the threats and risks of criminal and criminogenic nature, on the actual condition of criminality, criminals, their status and opportunities to resist law and order with the purpose of ensuring national, public, group and personal security. The legality of criminological intelligence means that it is not based on confidential sources and is thus different from such a type of operational search activities as analytical intelligence. Besides, the legality excludes the use of illegal means and techniques of obtaining information. The tasks of criminological intelligence include obtaining reliable information on the actual criminological situation, criminological and socio-legal prognostication, determining the level (regime) of threats to criminological security, criminological zoning (by territories and objects). The actual criminal picture that requires an urgent response cannot be compiled without characterizing the cumulative number of unsolved crimes (it is seven times more than the number of crimes registered annually). An important task of criminological intelligence is determining the key directions of crime counteraction. They include counteraction to economic and electoral crimes, where a rather short-sighted criminal policy is currently used, although these types of crime threaten national security. The object of criminological intelligence is the criminalization of public relations, while its subject is now solely represented by financial intelligence (Rosfinmonitoring), which is obviously not sufficient. Criminological intelligence should be handled by professionals gathered in a national research center. The training of such professionals should be mainly based on criminology, including criminological intelligence, and this discipline should gain a higher educational-methodological status.
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Tarasevych, Yu V. "CRIMINOLOGICAL FORECASTING." Juridical scientific and electronic journal, no. 8 (2020): 565–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2020-8/141.
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Patio, Gino Rios. "From the criminological legend to the criminological chimera." Foresic Research & Criminology International Journal 6, no. 5 (November 16, 2018): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/frcij.2018.06.00233.
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TARASEVYCH, Yurii. "Features of criminological planning." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 6/1 (June 30, 2021): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2021.6(1).8.
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The paper discusses the features of criminological planning. The conceptual apparatus that acts as a tool for criminological planning and crime prevention is clarified. A number of concepts as «criminological planning», «strategic plan», «crime mapping», «individual planning» are characterized. A number of reasons that motivate people to break the law are identified; the most significant sociological theories of crime also are identified. It is emphasized that in connection with urbanization, the features of criminological planning also undergo certain changes and modifications. Innovative methodologies appear with the appropriate set of principles, methods and technologies, which are specially selected to solve a specific criminological problem. By means of a comparative analysis, the most stable differences in the concepts of «criminological planning» and «criminological forecasting» have been identified. The theory of crime, types and stages of criminological planning are considered; the necessary set of methods, techniques, techniques and tactics for the implementation of criminological planning to achieve the goals and objectives on the path to sustainable development of the state. A set of proposals and recommendations for improving criminological planning in the light of current trends has been formulated and substantiated. The main strains of optimizing criminological planning are: the formulation of the system of state anti-criminological educational policy; cooperation with institutions of community support; introduction into practice of foreign experience in conducting strategic sessions; the formation of a creative position, necessary for the implementation of thorough management of anti-criminological programs.
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Martel, Joane. "Policing Criminological Knowledge." Theoretical Criminology 8, no. 2 (May 2004): 157–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480604042242.
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Burruss, George W. "Mapping Criminological Theory." Journal of Criminal Justice Education 20, no. 1 (January 29, 2009): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10511250802477853.
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Spicer, Keith. "Doing criminological research." International Journal of the Sociology of Law 30, no. 4 (December 2002): 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-6595(02)00008-4.
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Moskovtsev, Aleksandr, and Alexander Sukhodolov. "Methodological Dead Ends of Modern Criminology." Russian Journal of Criminology 14, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(2).177-192.
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The main source of methodological dead ends in science is the rigidity of its key theoretical construct determined by the accepted methodology. Such rigidity hinders the natural development of science that spreads it competencies to new unknown spheres of reality. Any attempts to apply a common concept to reality invariably come across its variety. The science resolves contradictions between the general and the specific by finding intermediary links between them. In all situations when a common concept is problematic, methodology plays the part of a high point that makes it possible to observe all shifts in the contradiction between the essence and the phenomenon. Criminology is based on the hypothesis of a society that generates crime. The contents of this society include the whole aggregate of public circumstances that have a criminological significance. Russian criminological mainstream views criminogenic circumstances as those in the sphere of socially negative public relations. The use of the criterion of socially negative relations to identify criminologically relevant public circumstances is the key obstacle for the criminological research in many directions. A true challenge for such research is explaining the nature of economic, corruption and information crimes. Their basics form public relations that are, for the most part, in the realm of the criminological unknown. Hence, it is problematic to produce well-founded recommendations on the development and implementation of a crime suppression policy. In the process of research, the authors determined that criminologically relevant circumstances may, in principle, belong to any of the possible aspects of analyzing the social environment. To prevent the general scheme aimed at identifying criminogenic circumstances from being stuck in the close and the immediate, it is necessary, first of all, to take into consideration a growing significance of independent actions of the community in its interaction with the state when determining the boundaries of the socially negative phenomena. Secondly, it is suggested that local social systems should be used as an intermediary link between the general scheme and specific local social interactions for representing the process of forming criminogenic circumstances in it entirety, in the interconnection of positive, negative and «grey» interactions.
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Bursik, Robert J., Freda Adler, and William S. Laufer. "New Directions in Criminological Theory: Advances in Criminological Theory, Volume 4." Contemporary Sociology 23, no. 1 (January 1994): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2074913.
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Jensen, Gary F., Freda Adler, and William S. Laufer. "New Directions in Criminological Theory: Advances in Criminological Theory. Vol 4." Social Forces 72, no. 3 (March 1994): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2579795.
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Prosumentov, Lev M., and Alexander V. Shesler. "METHODS OF CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 37 (2020): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/37/9.
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The article deals with the methods used in the study of the phenomena that make up the subject of criminology. The main task is to analyze the content of the methodology, general scientific methods, private methods and techniques used in criminological studies. In the course of their work, the authors used metaphysics and dialectic as a methodology; showed the specifics of their application to crime, as well as legal background for the nature of criminality e.g. its public danger. The authors used such general scientific methods as general scientific approaches and mid-level theories. In the case of criminality, the use of a systematic approach and philosophical teaching about human activity is shown. This enabled them to present criminality as a system the structural trait of which is a crime, and a holistic quality is a public danger which synthesizes the public danger of crimes, perpetrators and criminal groups. As a theory of the middle level, the theory of psychological alienation of the person is applied, according to which the typological feature of the criminal's personality is its anxiety for its social or biological status since the crime is psychological protection for external circumstances that cause such anxiety. Among private methods, the emphasis is on the statis-tical method used to characterize quantitative-quality crime indicators and a sociological one (interviewing, conversation, interviews, expert evaluation, analysis of documents, observa-tion). The methods above have limited possibilities: criminal statistics operate with data only on the recorded crimes, reflected in the documents of primary records, the closed criminal environment does not allow to use the method of included surveillance; the method of inter-viewing the participants of criminal groups and their relatives often gives false information, or cannot be applied because the persons in question refuse to be involved in questioning at all; the experiment deals only with certain aspects of criminal justice. The authors conclude that the combination of methodology, general scientific and specific research methods, the specificity of their application to group crime form the methodology of its study. They point out the application in criminology of sociometric and stratometric methods, by which the mechanism of formation, the dynamics of the development of criminal groups is shown, their classification is given, the number of group members is revealed, their status in the group and the structure of the group is established.
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Mastronardi, Vincenzo, and Giovanni Neri. "Serial murders: criminological profiles." Rivista di Psicopatologia Forense, Medicina Legale, Criminologia 22, no. 1-2-3 (December 27, 2017): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/psyco.2017.9.
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The present work embraces multiple aspects related to the theme of serial murder, which is essentially addressed by a criminological and personological perspective. Attention will be focused first on the serial killer figure, which will analyze both the intrapsychic peculiarities and the most intrinsic motivations behind the homicidal action as well as the more technical and specific aspects of the modus operandi and the signature that convey this kind of offenders. At the same time, a victimological overview will be developed, focusing on the preferential victims in this delinquent mode. The article will also highlight a categorization of serial killings based on the motive, as well as different classifications of the major types of serial killers identified by multiple authors. Finally, criminal profiling will be analyzed, deepening the role of the profiler in investigations and outlining the presumed personality of the offender, thus circumscribing the field of potential investigators with particular reference to US reality. ---------- Il lavoro qui presentato abbraccia molteplici aspetti relativi al tema dell’omicidio seriale, che viene essenzialmente affrontato da una prospettiva criminologica e personologica. L’attenzione, infatti, si concentrerà inizialmente sulla figura del serial killer, di cui saranno analizzate sia le peculiarità intrapsichiche sia le motivazioni più intrinseche alla base dell’azione omicidiaria, nonché gli aspetti più tecnici e specifici quali il modus operandi e la firma, che connotano questo tipo di autori di reato. Parallelamente verrà sviluppata una panoramica vittimologica, con focus sulle vittime preferenziali in questa modalità delittuosa. L’articolo porterà inoltre alla luce sia una categorizzazione degli omicidi seriali in base al movente, sia diverse classificazioni dei principali tipi di serial killer individuati da più autori. Infine si parlerà di criminal profiling, e sarà approfondito il ruolo che il profiler assume nelle indagini, delineando la presumibile personalità del reo, e circoscrivendo così il campo dei potenziali indagati, con particolare riferimento alla realtà statunitense. ---------- El trabajo presentado aquí abarca múltiples aspectos relacionados con el tema del asesinato en serie, que se aborda esencialmente desde una perspectiva criminológica y personológica. De hecho, la atención se centrará en la figura del asesino en serie, que analizará las peculiaridades intrapsíquicas y los motivos más intrínsecos de la acción homicida, así como aspectos más técnicos y específicos, como el modus operandi y la firma, que transmiten este tipo de delincuentes. Al mismo tiempo, se desarrollará un panorama vistimológico centrado en las víctimas preferenciales en este modo delincuente. El artículo también destacará una categorización de asesinatos en serie basados en el motivo, así como varias clasificaciones de los principales tipos de asesinos en serie identificados por múltiples autores. Finalmente, se tratará sobre la caracterización delictiva, y se profundizará el papel que el perfilador tomará en la investigación, delineando la presunta personalidad del delincuente y circunscribiendo así el campo de investigadores potenciales, con referencia particular a la realidad estadounidense.
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Miller, J. Mitchell. "Criminological scholarship and race." Journal of Criminal Justice 28, no. 3 (May 2000): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2352(00)00048-9.
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Ross, Lee E., and Willie J. Edwards. "Criminological scholarship and race." Journal of Criminal Justice 28, no. 3 (May 2000): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2352(00)00049-0.
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SOLOVYOV, Vladislav S. "CRIMINOLOGICAL RISKS OF DIGISEXUALITY." HERALD OF THE RUSSIAN LAW ACADEMY, no. 3 (2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33874/2072-9936-2020-0-3-47-56.
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Kukhianidze, Lasha. "Criminological Analysis of Terrorism." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 29 (October 31, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n29p1.
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This article discusses the terrorism origin history, its types and forms, prevention issues and analysis of its concept from the historical and criminological aspects. The classification of the main features and elements of the terrorism is set out. The terrorism structure and methods of commitment of criminal acts are studied.
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Kleymenov, Mikhail. "Criminological Aspects of Conspirology." Russian Journal of Criminology 14, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 531–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(4).531-540.
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The author presents a criminological view of conspirology - the area of knowledge that analyzes phenomena connected with conspiracy, secret, undercover, hidden activities. From the criminological perspective, there are several dimensions to conspirology, each of which requires an independent analysis and methodological approach. The first one is traditional and relates to complicity or criminal conspiracy. The author shows the limited character of the Russian doctrine of participation in counteracting organized crime and objects against tabooing the topic of criminal conspiracy among the representatives of the legit bodies of power and governance. The second dimension describes the conspiracy of criminal activities, professional criminal management defined as the management of: 1) a criminal organization; 2) persons involved in criminal activities by criminal communities and their leaders; 3) convicted inmates. This leads to the concept of criminal bosses as persons involved in criminal management. The third dimension is connected with the interaction and cooperation between the representatives of official and criminal powers. The problem of corruption is especially relevant here. The fourth dimension relates to the criminalization of public relations of different types and levels, or the sliding of public governance into the quagmire of criminality, which, in its final form, leads to the emergence of a criminal state. The fifth dimension, most actively discussed at present, is the criminal plans of globalists, this deep subject of the world politics. Global conspirologists live in a surreal world of their own making, they signify negative social dynamics - backward movement to the past, to the «dark ages» of paganism. They are characterized by a criminal mentality. In the conditions when simulacra are piling up in the information space, each thinking individual is forced to decide whose side to pick: either that of the adepts of global conspiracy projects or of their opponents. The author suggests using the criminological criterion as one of the foundations for making this decision and determining how criminal the implemented projects are and how criminogenic are their consequences.
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Maahs, Jeffrey R., Robert R. Weidner, and Ryan Smith. "Prescribing Some Criminological Theory." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 60, no. 2 (August 25, 2014): 146–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x14548530.
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Junger-Tas, Josine, and Marianne Junger. "The Dutch Criminological Enterprise." Crime and Justice 35, no. 1 (January 2007): 115–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/650187.
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Stone, Stuart. "Resources for Criminological Research." Legal Information Management 18, no. 1 (March 2018): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669618000099.
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AbstractThis article by Stuart Stone, Librarian at the Radzinowicz Library at the Institute of Criminology at Cambridge, examines a selection of online information resources used by criminologists and compares their particular features and deficiencies. The author's involvement in training early career researchers, both in formal training sessions and one-to-one sessions, over a long period, allows for user responses and experiences of the resources to inform this examination.
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Braithwaite, John. "Pride in Criminological Dissensus." Law & Social Inquiry 18, no. 03 (1993): 501–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1993.tb00665.x.
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Kuzmin, Yury A. "IDENTITY THEFT (CRIMINOLOGICAL ASPECT)." Oeconomia et Jus, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2499-9636-2020-3-48-57.
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The problem of illegal unlawful personal data obtaining is updated. The offence involves the “appropriation of identity” of another individual most commonly for the purpose of personal gain. Personal data that the perpetrator encroaches on may represent various kinds of information. The relevance of issues related to committing the most common methods of identity theft is substantiated. The urgency of the research is caused by the fact that identity theft is becoming an increasing problem around the world; criminals are in-venting more and more ways to obtain the information needed to steal personal data that they use for the purpose of committing different crimes. As a result of the perpetrators' use of personal data, the consequences for the victim can be very serious. The victim's stolen identity creates anonymity for criminals and terrorists and poses a threat to both the national security and for private individuals. The problem of preventing identity theft is to minimize the possibility of personal data stealing by lawbreakers, to prevent their illegal seizure. Here, it is important to remember elementary security and safety considerations. Various ways of preventing illegal unlawful seizure of personal data are analyzed.
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Snare, Annika, and Ulla Bondeson. "Criminological Research in Scandinavia." Crime and Justice 6 (January 1985): 237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/449109.
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Fielding, Nigel. "Bias in criminological research." Journal of Forensic Psychiatry 7, no. 1 (May 1996): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585189608409913.
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Filippova, Olga V. "CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RECIDIVISM." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 38 (2020): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/38/9.
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Recidivism is an indicator of the imperfection of the system of punishments, the practice of their execution, as well as the stability of anti-social attitudes of those who commit crimes. The purpose of this study is to conduct a criminological analysis of recidivism in the Russian Federation (to determine the level, structure and dynamics) in the period from 2006 to 2018 and on this basis to establish trends in its development. Criminological characteristic of recidivism includes quantitative and qualitative analysis of the totality of crimes committed by persons who have previously committed crimes, after the application of criminal law measures to them for previous crimes, as well as the totality of these persons themselves. The study led to conclusions about an increase in both the absolute and relative indices of recidivism: the number of crimes committed by persons who had previously committed offences increased by 18.4 per cent in the period under study, and the recidivism rate increased by 15.3 per cent. The recidivism rate doubled from 13.9% in 2006 to 31.6% in 2018. There has been an increase in the number of persons who had previously committed crimes, while the criminal activity of persons who were exempted from criminal liability for previously committed crimes on non-rehabilitation grounds has also increased among the detected offenders.Minor offences accounted for the largest proportion of recidivism: 54.8 per cent. Offences of medium gravity accounted for 26.2 per cent, serious offences for 15 per cent and especially serious offences for 4 per cent. Recidivism was mainly represented by crimes against property: their share was 42.7%; crimes against persons 16.6%, and against public health 11.9%. The highest proportion of those previously convicted of robbery was observed (52.1%). High recidivism rate was also observed among drug offenders - 28-30%, and, as a rule, it was special recidivism, i.e. recidi-vism by those who had previously committed homogeneous (identical) crimes. Criminal record statistics during the reviewed period showed a decrease in the absolute number of convicts, while at the same time an increase in the proportion of those with an unexpunged and unexpunged criminal record. In 2018, the number of convicts with an unexpunged and unexpunged criminal record at the time of the offence was 231583, or 35.2% of all convicts Among those convicted, the proportion of those who have been sentenced to imprison-ment for the third time or more has increased. Whereas in 2007 their share was 20.2%, in 2018 it was 36.1%. - At the same time, the share of first-time offenders decreased from 53.7% to 45.8%.
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Goyes, David Rodríguez, and Nigel South. "Indigenous Worlds and Criminological Exclusion: A Call to Reorientate the Criminological Compass." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.1983.
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Indigenous peoples, their cultures and territories, have been subjected to continuous victimisation, plunder and genocide throughout history—or at least ‘history’ as created by and written from the North. Since contact with colonisers, these many different peoples have suffered legal and illegal forms of direct, structural and symbolic violence. Meanwhile, criminology—the discipline concerned with studying instances of criminality, harm and victimisation—has largely remained untouched by or indifferent to serious crimes and systematic attacks that have increased mortality, denied rights and destroyed traditional ways of life. In this article, we first present a bibliographical analysis of relevant content in leading criminology journals. We then suggest a conceptual and theoretical basis for enhancing an ethical and non-colonial engagement with this underdeveloped field of work. We conclude, however, that to counter the under-representation of Indigenous explorations and contributors in criminology, a broader transformation of the discipline will be necessary.
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Bitton, Yifat, and Hava Dayan. "‘The Perfect Murder’: An Exploratory Study of Staged Murder Scenes and Concealed Femicide." British Journal of Criminology 59, no. 5 (May 14, 2019): 1054–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz015.
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Abstract Presenting cases of criminologically unidentifiable circumstances, authors point to concealment susceptibility of some femicide cases, overlooked by both the criminal system and by scholars, rendering them ‘concealed femicides’. The paper presents descriptive and criminological analyses of Israeli cases whereby the woman’s murder was followed by scene staging. It extrapolates the common characteristics of femicide victims and perpetrators, offers a typology of homicide scene staging behaviour that facilitates domesticity-related femicide concealment and, eventually, introduces tools to enhance exposure of femicide.
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Witkowska-Rozpara, Katarzyna. "Pozytywna prognoza kryminologiczna jako materialna przesłanka warunkująca zastosowanie warunkowego zawieszenia wykonania kary. Uwagi na tle pojęcia „prognoza” oraz orzecznictwa sądów polskich." Nowa Kodyfikacja Prawa Karnego 53 (February 1, 2020): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-5065.53.5.
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Positive criminological prognosis as the condition of using the conditional suspension of the execution of the penalty — remarks with reference to the concept of „prognosis” and jurisdiction of Polish courtsThe conditional suspension of the execution of the penalty is regulated in Chapter VIII of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Poland. One of the conditions of using this measure is positive criminological prognosis relating to the offender. This study presents the idea of criminological prognosis, the catalogue of factors examined by the court and the meaning of the term “criminological prognosis” in the courts’ opinion.
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Walker, Nicholas, and Kristy Holtfreter. "Applying criminological theory to academic fraud." Journal of Financial Crime 22, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-12-2013-0071.
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Purpose – This paper aims to examine academic dishonesty and research misconduct, two forms of academic fraud, and provides suggestions for future research informed by criminological theory. Design/methodology/approach – After reviewing prior literature, this paper outlines four general criminological theories that can explain academic fraud. Findings – While criminological theory has been applied to some studies of academic dishonesty, research misconduct has rarely been examined within a broader theoretical context. Practical implications – This paper provides a blueprint for future theoretically informed analyses of academic fraud. Originality/value – This paper represents a unique attempt to apply general criminological theories to diverse forms of fraud in higher education settings.
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Wakeman, Stephen. "The ‘one who knocks’ and the ‘one who waits’: Gendered violence in Breaking Bad." Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 14, no. 2 (January 3, 2017): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741659016684897.
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This article provides a cultural criminological analysis of the acclaimed US television series, Breaking Bad. It is argued here that – as a cultural text – Breaking Bad is emblematic of an agenda for change surrounding criminological theories of peoples’ propensity to do harm to one another. To exemplify this, the show’s central (male) protagonist is revealed to undergo a complete biosocial transformation into a violent offender and, as such, to demonstrate the need for criminological theory to recognise and further reflect upon this process. However, at the same time, the (re)presented inability of the show’s female characters to do the same is indicative of a number of gender-related questions that progressive criminological theories of violence need to answer. In considering these two fields in tandem, the show’s criminological significance is established; it is symbolic of the need for criminology to afford greater recognition to the nuanced intersections of both biological and sociological factors in the genesis and evolution of violent human subjectivities.
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Kipāne, Aldona. "CRIMINOLOGICAL TENDENCIES OF YOUTH CRIME IN LATVIA." Administrative and Criminal Justice 2, no. 87 (June 30, 2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/acj.v2i87.4239.
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In the age of risk society, the word “crime” is gaining more and more importance. Today’s rapid economic development, dynamic and rather controversial technological processes, which describe the current global environment, call for a more active response to crime as one of the top priorities. In recent years, criminal offences committed by young people, especially minors, are a priority issue for law enforcement authorities, society and the state. The term “youth crime” in criminology has been introduced relatively recently. This topic has been little studied in Latvia. The paper provides an insight into the criminological scope of youth crime. The author would like to launch a discussion on the criminological study prospect of youth crime in Latvia.The aim of the paper is to describe the phenomenon of youth crime by analysing the theoretical and practical aspects. The topicality of the study of the youth crimes’ criminological aspect is determined by the prevalence of this type of crime and the problems in identifying and prevention of it. Such tasks of the study are defined: to describe the criminological content of youth crime and to provide the criminological classification of a subject; to analyse its causes and circumstances contributing to it; to discover the content of criminological prevention. The study is based on the opinions and conclusions of scientists and different documents. Several methods of general scientific research and specific methods are used in the paper: monographic and constructive approaches, logical interpretation, statistical methods and the method of legal norms’ interpretation.The author concludes that youth crime is a complex, dynamic criminological phenomenon with certain regularities, which determine its formation and existence. The author acknowledges that criminological importance is got by early prevention measures, especially for young people whose behaviour manifests itself in a criminal inclination or takes place in a hostile or criminal environment.
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Medytskyy, Ihor. "Consequences of sexual violence: criminological dimension." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 1, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-1-140-147.
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The article substantiates the need to activate criminological knowledge of the fundamental problem of the consequences of crime. The consequences of sexual violence, their parameters, levels of manifestation, the addressees of causation, the «price» and other points are of theoretical as well as practical interest. It is suggested that the material consequences of sexual violence be considered as various forms of causing physical violence, materialized in the consequences: death, violation of the anatomical integrity and physiological function of organs and tissues of the person; as well as economic losses related to the temporary or permanent withdrawal of a person from the sphere of social relations and the response of state or public institutions to a crime. Formulated author's definition of intangible consequences of crime as generated by crime for the individual, society, state of consequences of undeclared nature, forms of manifestation of which cause mental (moral) harm to individuals, as well as non-pecuniary damage to legal entities of the public and private society. At the individual level, the non-material consequences of sexual violence are post-traumatic and mental disorders of victims of crimes by individuals. On the basis of the provisions of criminological science, legal psychology, medicine, the material and intangible consequences of sexual violence were analyzed, taking into account the criminal statistics. It is emphasized that obtaining objective and up-to-date data on criminal practices of sexual violence in Ukraine is a paramount condition for the formation of an information base for the socio-legal assessment of the relevance of combating this type of crime. Despite the incompleteness and inconsistency of official statistics data, the high latency of detecting and fixing post-traumatic and mental disorders of sexually abused victims, the lack of effective algorithms for calculating their «price», collecting this criminologically relevant information, and facilitating the development of action.
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Fomenko, Andriy. "Concepts and Features of Criminological Activity of the National Police of Ukraine." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 4, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-4-8-15.
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The author has defined the concept of criminological activity of the National Police as a type of policing, which is a set of lawful actions of police officers who have knowledge and skills of their application in law in general, and criminology in particular, carried out by legal means and methods using current criminological technologies in education, scientific and practical forms in order to combat criminal offenses, as well as related negative phenomena for society, elimination of determinants of criminal offenses, identification of criminal offenses and crimes, victims of criminal offenses, identification of persons in need of special protection by the state and / or rehabilitation. In accordance with the characteristics of such activities should include: 1) is a type of police law enforcement activity, characterized by standardization, system, organization and professionalism; 2) is a set ofactive actions of authorized entities (officials and officials of police bodies) who have knowledge and skillsin the field of law and special criminological knowledge; 3) is carried out by legal means and methods allowed by the legislation with use of actual criminological technologies (methods), and also scientific methods of knowledge; 4) possible forms of such activity are educational, scientific and practical, while scientific criminological activity performs a supporting function in relation to this kind of practical activity; 5) in its intellectual content can be organizational (managerial), cognitive-search, communicative; 6) its general purpose is to counteract criminal offenses (their detection, cessation, prevention, prevention), as well as related negative phenomena for society (abuse of rights, etc.), elimination of determinants of criminal offenses, identification of criminal offenses and crime, victims of criminal offenses, identification of persons in need of special protection by the state and / or rehabilitation; 7) each of the forms of such activity within the defined purpose, aimed at solving a separate task, namely: a) criminological educational activity – training of specialists with special criminological knowledge and skills; b) criminological scientific activity – the search for ways to solve current theoretical and applied criminological problems; c) criminological practical activity – reduction of the number of committed criminal offenses, elimination of their causes and conditions, taking appropriate measures against persons who are prone to committing offenses or have already committed them, as well as with regard to potential and actual victims; 8) may be carried out as an independent type of police activity, and in parallel with its other types, for example in the implementation of operational and investigative or criminal procedure activities
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Dashkov, Gennadiy V. "Gaps in the University Criminological Science." Legal education and science 11 (November 19, 2020): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1813-1190-2020-11-9-12.
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Purpose. To offer the reader the most relevant directions of research and development for criminological science and practice in very specific conditions of a higher educational institution, which, for a number of objective and subjective reasons, has become one of the most important institutions where criminological science can develop with sufficient efficiency. Methodology: dialectics, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis. comparative legal and formal logical methods. Conclusions. 1. The current institutional mechanism for conducting criminological research and development in the Russian Federation (individual research, departmental criminological science of law enforcement bodies, criminology at universities) is quite intensive, but not quite always, with sufficient grounds, it changes. Moreover, without proper methodological and other necessary support. 2. The overwhelming majority of criminologists are currently combining educational and scientific work, which, without proper organizational and managerial adjustments, reduces the efficiency of their scientific and pedagogical activities. 3. For all the shortcomings of the university criminological science, there are also a number of its indisputable advantages (preferential planning from below, greater efficiency, maximum interest of the author in the implementation of the results obtained in practice). Scientific and practical significance. University criminological science, with its proper organization and self-organization, is most effective in comparison with other types of scientific research. This efficiency is both economic, political and organizational in nature, both in terms of social order and the assessment of the results obtained.
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Tymoshenko, Yu A. "Criminological Dimension of Environmental Crime." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 5, no. 4 (December 15, 2018): 170–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18460.
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Despite the increased public danger and the prevalence of criminal attacks on the environment, statistics show that since 2010 the officially registered environmental crime has a negative trend. The reasons for this are many, and they are, as shown by the study, to a greater extent subjective. The fact that the legislator classifies the majority of criminal violations of the environment (60%) as minor, difficulties in investigating the facts of criminal pollution of the environment, the minimum Statute of limitations of criminal liability lead to the fact that combating environmental crimes is not a priority in the activities of law enforcement agencies. As a result, the reduction in the number of registered environmental crimes occurs against the background of the growth of administrative offenses. This is facilitated by the lack of clear, regulatory features that allow to distinguish between these types of responsibility, which often leads to an excessively broad law enforcement discretion. According to the results of the study, the level of latency of criminal attacks on the environment is 30-60% on the facts of illegal extraction of biological resources and 70-90% on the facts of environmental pollution. Increased latency of crimes related to the negative impact on natural objects, contributes to the poor design of their compositions as material.
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Pfohl, Stephen, and Avery Gordon. "Criminological Displacements: A Sociological Deconstruction." Social Problems 33, no. 6 (October 1986): S94—S113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sp.1986.33.6.03a00060.
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Akhmedkhanova, Samira T., Sabina T. Akhmedkhanova, and Almira K. Kahbulayeva. "CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER CRIMES." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Jurisprudence), no. 4 (2018): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-6794-2018-4-144-152.
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Kipāne, Aldona. "CRIMINOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FAMILY RELATIONS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 6 (May 21, 2019): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol6.3759.
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The dynamic variability of the modern world determines not only the need to adapt but also the ability to preserve and maintain the values of separate culture. Over the centuries, family is considered to be one of the core values. Family interaction with the society is undeniable. The family is the foundation of any society and the future of the state. Today's new socio-economic situation has an impact on the emotional atmosphere, quality and relationships within the family. Criminological research in family relationships is a complex problem, its environment and circumstances are an important factor in the individual's socialization. The role of the family is equally important both in the process of proper behavioural shaping and in the production of directed behaviour. The article provides an insight into the content of the studies of family criminology.The aim of the article is to describe the criminological framework of family relations based on special literature, research and practice showing the framework of family criminology. Theoretical guidelines, special literature, views and opinions of Latvian and foreign specialists have been analysed in order to assess the criminological aspects of the phenomenon.The author concludes that the knowledge of family criminology is useful, effective, concrete and practically feasible for the criminological studies of the family institute. This approach has a multi-sectoral nature.
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Hudson, Chris G. "Sources: Encyclopedia of Criminological Theory." Reference & User Services Quarterly 50, no. 4 (June 1, 2011): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.50n4.397.2.
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Prozumentov, Lev M., and Alexander V. Shesler. "Criminological security of the region." Yugra State University Bulletin 15, no. 3 (January 11, 2020): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/byusu2019357-61.
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The subject of the study is the criminological security of the region as part of its public security. The purpose of the study is to define the concept of "criminological security of the region", as well as to identify priority areas of criminological security.As a result of the study, it was concluded that activities to ensure public safety in the region involve, firstly, identifying threats to the state of protection of the most important social values of the region, and secondly, assessing the scale and significance of these threats, predicting their dynamics and impact on social processes in region, thirdly, the preparation of a plan to counter these threats, fourthly, the specific activities of state and other entities to implement this plan.
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V.V., Sukhonos. "Criminological aspect of corruption crimes." Legal Horizons 9, no. 22 (2018): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2018.i9.p56.
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Pfohl, Stephen, and Avery Gordon. "Criminological Displacements: A Sociological Deconstruction." Social Problems 33, no. 6 (October 1986): S94—S113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/800676.
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Atkins, Leslie A., and R. L. Akers. "Criminological Theories: Introduction and Evaluation." Teaching Sociology 23, no. 4 (October 1995): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1319175.
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Degher, Douglas, J. Robert Lilly, Francis Cullen, and Richard Ball. "Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences." Contemporary Sociology 19, no. 5 (September 1990): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2072358.
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Andrushko, Andriy. "Criminological aspects of child exploitation." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.1.2020.56.
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The article is devoted to the criminological aspects of child exploitation. It is noted that among the crimes against freedom, honor and dignity, child exploitation is one of the least common. In 2013, the prosecutor’s office accounted for 11 cases of child exploitation, in 2014 it registered 4 cases, in 2015 – 2, in 2016 – 6, in 2017 – 1, in 2018 – 16, in 2019 – 9 cases of such crimes. Thus, for the period from 2013 to 2019, only 49 cases of child exploitation were recorded. Only the child's substitution is included in the official statistical reporting less frequently than this crime (only 4 such acts were registered during the specified period).
It is noted that child exploitation is a high-latent crime. Increased level of latency of this action is facilitated by the behavior of the victims, their unwillingness to go to different instances to protect their rights. Examination of specific criminal proceedings shows that the adolescents – the victims of this assault – have consented to work voluntarily. In some cases, the fact of exploitation of the child became known only because of the significant harm inflicted on the health of the minor.
Based on the analysis of the materials of nine criminal cases (proceedings) considered by the courts of Ukraine for the period from 2013 to 2019, a criminological portrait of the offender committing child exploitation has been developed: this is not a previously convicted man, a citizen of Ukraine, Ukrainian by nationality, aged 40–50 years old, with a complete secondary education, which does not work anywhere, is not married, which is characterized by such negative traits as the desire to live and ensure own well-being at all costs, parsimony, irresponsibility, lightness, as well as resourcefulness, energy, dedication, organizational skills.
Characteristic features of victims of child exploitation are also considered. To this end, the author summarizes the data relating to the 17 victims of the said assault. It was found that eight victims of this activity worked on construction, three – on agricultural works, three – on garbage sorting works, two – on auxiliary works, another worked as a loader.
The main determinants of child exploitation have been analyzed and directions for preventing such encroach have been proposed.
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Isichenko, Anatoly P. "On Systematization of Criminological Terminology." CRIMINAL-EXECUTORY SYSTEM: LAW, ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT 5 (September 7, 2017): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2072-4438-2017-5-38-40.
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Sereda, Irina, and Maria Kostyuchenko. "Criminological Indicators of Credit Fraud." Russian Journal of Criminology 14, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(3).441-452.
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The spread of such crimes as illegal obtaining of a loan and malicious evasion of settling accounts payable is one of the factors contributing to the growth of credit fraud that considerably worsens the current criminogenic situation and poses a real danger to the economic security of the state. Statistical data characterizing crime fraud have decreasing since 2009, which does not, however, mean that the sphere of lending has become criminologically free, as the above-mentioned crimes are long-term and are uncovered only two or three years after they were committed. This, in its turn, affects the latency level of credit fraud in general. A reduction in the number of registered credit frauds is also influenced by the fact that it is becoming more and more common that the banks turn down practically all types of retail loan applications. Main grounds for refusals are credit history of consumers and their debt burden. Another common ground for refusals is a discrepancy between the data declared by the applicant and the information possessed by the creditor. In a systemic connection with the generally known negative phenomena accompanying social development, these circumstances have a powerful criminogenic potential. An unfavorable trend is also observed for one of the key indicators of the work of law enforcement bodies - that of the share of solved crimes of this type. The analysis of criminotropic risks showed that the possibility of being sentenced to incarceration for credit fraud is, on average, 2,1 %. It testifies to the absence of a real possibility of being punished for such crimes.
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Bottoms, Anthony E. "Reflections on the Criminological Enterprise." Cambridge Law Journal 46, no. 2 (July 1987): 240–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300119932.
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If I may freely paraphrase Lady Bracknell (in The Importance of Being Earnest), to deliver an inaugural lecture one year after arrival in Cambridge seems unfortunate; to deliver it after being in post for two years looks like carelessness. Yet, as those from the Institute of Criminology will know, there is a particular reason for this timing. This month marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of the University's postgraduate course in criminology, and I was myself a student on that first course, back in 1961. For me, therefore, there is a special personal satisfaction that this lecture is immediately to be followed by our formal celebration of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the course.