Journal articles: 'Crime scenes'

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Kennao, Puleno, Deepak Lal, and Lav Kesharwani. "Crime Scene Mapping using Differential GPS and Geospatial Techniques for Simulated Outdoor Crime Scenes." Arab Journal of Forensic Sciences & Forensic Medicine 1, no. 10 (December 31, 2019): 1387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26735/16586794.2019.028.

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Omidi, Maryam. "Crime Scenes." Index on Censorship 41, no. 4 (November 30, 2012): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306422012465810.

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Fatima, Fatima. "Forensic Photography: A Visual and Legal Record of Crime Scene." International Journal for Electronic Crime Investigation 3, no. 2 (June 7, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/ijeci.2019.030234.

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Based on priority forensic photography is a source of documenting crime scenes. Currently it enables to signify a crime scene with every significant pieces of location and evidences. Adding to forensic investigation, crime scene photography provides a true and precise record of original scene and evidences relevant to surroundings. Crime scene photograph can illustrate a crime scene easily than verbal description by an investigator as it freezes time and records the evidences. It records all type of crime scenes such as fingerprints, impressions, injuries or bruises on skin in assault cases, human identification, bloodied body and knife in murder case etc. Scientific photography skills and techniques such as UV, IR and Fluorescence light filters are practiced to discover and preserve the hidden information during investigation. It is an integral part of criminal investigation by providing proper documented focused photographs to present actual story of the scene in the courtroom.

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Pertsev, R. "RESEARCH ON MODERN FORENSIC METHODS OF DETECTION, RECORD, SEIZURE OF SHOEPRINTS AND THEIR FURTHER ACCOUNTING FOR CRIME DETECTION." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 21, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2020_07.

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Shoe prints that have been traced by crime scene investigators at the crime scene can provide information relating to a criminal or a group of criminals that have committed it, and serve as evidence while pre-trial investigation. Furthermore, shoe prints provide information on the possible participation of the same person in different types of crimes (to integrate crimes). At present, the number of crimes related to stealing civilian properties, including robbery, has significantly increased as a result of economic crisis in many countries around the world. As the studies and the practical experience while investigating crime scenes by police in many countries show, footwear evidence as much as physical evidence have not been given due attention. In order to improve the quality of crime scene examination when seizing traces of shoes, the quality of removed traces of shoes, and, as a consequence, increase the efficiency of crime detection using traces of shoes, there is a necessity in: Introduction of modern forensic tools and methods for detecting, seizing traces of shoes, and further comparative research. Establishment of the Unified National Automated System at the legislative level for accounting and identification of shoeprints seized from unsolved crime sites. Creating professional forums to share experiences with leading international forensic experts. Establishing the terms for traces and shoeprints storage and use registered (for example, not more than two years from the date of registration) at the legislative level. In addition, implementation and development of automatic database systems with the ability to conduct identification between shoeprints evidence seized from different crime scenes can provide the investigator with significant information on the possible involvement of the same person in commission of different crimes (to combine crimes), conduct so-called forensic intelligence. A shoeprint as a single piece of evidence may not be weighty enough but combined with additional evidence it is vital for detecting and investigating a crime. In conclusion, it should be noted that this area has great prospects for development and, undoubtedly, should be addressed by forensic experts in this field.

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TN. Moorthy and M. Baskaran. "Challenge to forensic podiatry crime scene report: Footprint-based gait analysis in homicide case revealed the perpetrator as the deceased victim's wife who was also the complainant." Asian Journal of Legal Studies 1, no. 1 (August 27, 2022): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53402/ajls.v1i1.132.

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To identify the offender and unravel the mystery, physical evidence must be found at the crime scenes. When it is first taken from crime scenes, the relevance of some pieces of evidence is unclear or seems inconsequential, but as the investigation goes on, it seems to gain significance. Although footprints are a common physical indicator of a crime, including homicide, burglary, and sexual assault, they are frequently overlooked or dismissed as inconsequential during the early stages of an investigation. Currently, individual identification is done through gait pattern analysis based on footprints. A branch of forensic science known as forensic podiatry examines foot-related evidence in the course of a criminal investigation using specific podiatric knowledge, including the foot and lower limb. Analysis of footprints and gait is most consistent with other pattern-based forms of evidence, such as blood pattern analysis. Most cases of homicide and burglary involve the gait pattern evidence. Additionally, detectives frequently disregard crime scenes due to their familiarity. Science in podiatry is lacking. The current crime scene report, which was researched by the corresponding author (Prof. T. Nataraja Moorthy, henceforth referred to as "TN") in India, highlighted the importance of footprint and gait pattern evidence in a distinctive homicide crime scene. In India, a woman reported her husband's murder to the police, but a footprint-based gait pattern analysis proved she was the murderer, not the unidentified assailant. She committed murder while hiding the crime, which is known as "crime concealment".

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Pertsev, Roman, Ayal Aronson, Dmytro Tychyna, and Zohar Pasternak. "Case study: using forensic data analysis to link crime scenes." Problems of Forensic Sciences, no. 134 (2024): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/12307483pfs.23.010.19059.

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Burglary crimes inflict a significant toll on society, both financially and psychologically. Most of these cases are never solved, many times because no visible signs of entry or forensic evidence are found at the scene. In this report, we detail a police case involving a series of burglaries in Israel, all of which lacked any visible signs of forced entry. Thirteen burglaries were initially linked by the so-called forensic intelligence method and the analysis of additional forensic data obtained during the inspection of the scene and in the forensic laboratory. Linking seemingly unrelated crime scenes through forensic data analysis can increase the effectiveness of case investigations.

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Kumar, Neeraj. "Forensic Photography Concepts and Applications for Better Crime Scene Examination." International Journal of Forensic Sciences 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000286.

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"A picture is worth a thousand words," and crime scene photography is a case in point. All crime scenes begin with photography, which is done with the almost priority. The most efficient and straight forward way for an investigating officer to depict a crime scene is through photographs and criminal sketches. By documenting the original site and surroundings, crime scene photography serves to offer a true and accurate record of the crime scene and tangible evidence that was present. Regardless of how well a detective can orally describe a crime scene pictures can convey the same information more clearly and effectively because they freeze time and capture the evidence. A trial's forensic photography is an essential component. Additionally, crime scene images are frequently used as the basis for the decision.

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Kim, Hae Sook, and Bora Kim. "A Qualitative Study on Posttraumatic Stress Response of Crime Scene Investigators." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 19, no. 3 (March 31, 2023): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2023.19.3.137.

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This study aims to examine the posttraumatic stress response characteristics experienced by crime scene investigators after conducting crime scene identification work, and their personal coping efforts. Additionally, the study aims to identify organizational support measures desired by crime scene investigators through qualitative research, in order to provide differentiated support. A focused group interview was conducted in July 2022 with nine crime scene investigators, and additional information was supplemented through phone interviews when necessary. Six main themes emerged: painful scenes, unstable daily routines, challenging organizational aspects, personal coping efforts, supportive colleagues and seniors, and psychological support systems. Based on the findings, a psychological support system for the psychological pain of crime scene investigators was discussed, divided into stages of intervention.

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Kwiatkowska-Wójcikiewicz, Violetta. "Examination of Terrorist Incident Scene – more questions than answers." Issues of Forensic Science 296 (2017): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.34836/pk.2017.296.3.

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Terrorist attacks are a challenge both to rescue services and law enforcement authorities because of the scale of the problems they bring about. Such scenes are particularly susceptible to contamination, which crime scene examination teams aim at avoiding. In the article crime scene examination of terrorist character were analysed against “seven golden questions” that every investigator should ask himself.

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A, Jagadamba. "Forensic Fingerprint Analysis." International Journal of Innovative Research in Information Security 10, no. 03 (April 30, 2024): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/ijiris.2024.v1003.42.

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Fingerprint evidence found at crime scenes provides vital impressions left when these skin secretions touch surfaces clues in serial criminal investigations. A fingerprint identification system employing deep machine learning and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) could automate the analysis process. Images obtained from various physical and chemical crime scene investiga2tion techniques are entered into the database. However, partial latent prints lifted from scenes are often difficult to classify. The system operates in three phases: preprocessing fingerprint images, feature extraction, and matching. Preprocessing enhances image quality before feature extraction identifies distinctive minutiae points - ridge endings and bifurcations. False minutiae removal further refines the data. The preprocessed fingerprint data serves as input to train and test the CNN model. As the system persist due to the immutable individuality of fingerprint ridge arrangements [5]. While criminals attempt concealment, fingerprint traces stubbornly remain where other evidence would dissipate [6]. Without these durable biometric markers, crime scenes would often lack the critical traces needed to connect acts to perpetrators [7]. Latent prints lifted from crime scenes first undergo photographic documentation and chemical enhancement techniques in order to visualize trace details [8]. Computer analysis then further improves clarity, isolating minute identifying features known as minutiae [9]. Algorithmic extraction of differentiating traits classifies new latent prints, it continuously incorporates the prints enables training of automated comparison systems using along with confirmed suspect identity matches to improve accuracy. Automated classification and matching facilitate identification. The approach scales as the database grows in size without proportionate growth in human effort. Rapid fingerprint evidence analysis accelerates investigations, potentially solving more crimes by linking serial cases through a central digital repository. I aimed to restate the key technical ideas and flow using alternative vocabulary and phrasing while preserving semantic meaning. Please let me know if you need any clarification or have additional requirements for rephrasing the passage.

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Campiglia, Andres D., Mattew Rex, Arsenio Muñoz de la Peña, and Hector C. Goicoechea. "Excitation–emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy combined with MCR-ALS as a tool for the forensic analysis of similar and dissimilar sets of textile fiber extracts." Analytical Methods 8, no. 47 (2016): 8314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ay02757a.

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Vlachopoulos, Konstantinos, Emmanouil Magkos, and Vassileios Chrissikopoulos. "A Model for Hybrid Evidence Investigation." International Journal of Digital Crime and Forensics 4, no. 4 (October 2012): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdcf.2012100104.

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With the advent of Information and Communication Technologies, the means of committing a crime and the crime itself are constantly evolved. In addition, the boundaries between traditional crime and cybercrime are vague: a crime may not have a defined traditional or digital form since digital and physical evidence may coexist in a crime scene. Furthermore, various items found in a crime scene may worth be examined as both physical and digital evidence, which the authors consider as hybrid evidence. In this paper, a model for investigating such crime scenes with hybrid evidence is proposed. Their model unifies the procedures related to digital and physical evidence collection and examination, taking into consideration the unique characteristics of each form of evidence. The authors’ model can also be implemented in cases where only digital or physical evidence exist in a crime scene.

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Galanakis, George, Xenophon Zabulis, Theodore Evdaimon, Sven-Eric Fikenscher, Sebastian Allertseder, Theodora Tsikrika, and Stefanos Vrochidis. "A Study of 3D Digitisation Modalities for Crime Scene Investigation." Forensic Sciences 1, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 56–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci1020008.

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A valuable aspect during crime scene investigation is the digital documentation of the scene. Traditional means of documentation include photography and in situ measurements from experts for further analysis. Although 3D reconstruction of pertinent scenes has already been explored as a complementary tool in investigation pipelines, such technology is considered unfamiliar and not yet widely adopted. This is explained by the expensive and specialised digitisation equipment that is available so far. However, the emergence of high-precision but low-cost devices capable of scanning scenes or objects in 3D has been proven as a reliable alternative to their counterparts. This paper summarises and analyses the state-of-the-art technologies in scene documentation using 3D digitisation and assesses the usefulness in typical police-related situations and the forensics domain in general. We present the methodology for acquiring data for 3D reconstruction of various types of scenes. Emphasis is placed on the applicability of each technique in a wide range of situations, ranging in type and size. The application of each reconstruction method is considered in this context and compared with respect to additional constraints, such as time availability and simplicity of operation of the corresponding scanning modality. To further support our findings, we release a multi-modal dataset obtained from a hypothetical indoor crime scene to the public.

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Sinaga, Lestari Victoria, and Mhd Yuda Mulyawan Simatupang. "FUNGSI OLAH TEMPAT KEJADIAN PERKARA (TKP) GUNA MENGUNGKAPKAN KASUS PENGANIAYAAN BERAT DITINJAU DARI SUDUT HUKUM ACARA PIDANA." JURNAL RECTUM: Tinjauan Yuridis Penanganan Tindak Pidana 2, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.46930/jurnalrectum.v2i2.645.

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This study aims at revealing cases of severe maltreatment through crime scene crime scenes. One of the investigation processes can convince the investigator in determining the suspect in handling the crime scene (TKP) where it is divided into 2 namely the First Actions at the crime scene (TPTKP) and processing of the crime scene (olah TKP) from the legislation. As for the results obtained are the methods used by public observations, sketches and photographs, handling victims, handling witnesses and suspects and handling evidence through CCTV footage. In cases of severe maltreatment from the crime scene results can be used through other tools- others such as watering the face with Lombok water, acidic substances, sulfur, saltpeter, vinegar, so that the skin on the face burns, or inserting poisons in food. Not only can it be proven analytically or through autopsy, but it depends on the performance of criminal investigators at the crime scene and eyewitness examination.

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Mohamed Izzharif Abdul Halim, Izyan Hani Imran, Adlina Syafura Ahmad Sabri, Mohd Muzamir Mahat, Umi Kalsum Abdul Karim, and Mohamed Sazif Mohamed Subri. "Forensic Investigation to Retrieve 3D Shoe Impression: A Review." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 37, no. 2 (January 16, 2024): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.37.2.104112.

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In crime scenes such as burglary and murder, the search for physical trace evidence left behind by the suspect is a priority for forensic investigators. A shoe impression is a type of trace evidence that can link the crime scene and the suspect. However, 3D shoe impressions are often neglected at crime scenes due to the complexities of retrieving and preserving the evidence. Shoe impressions are typically retrieved using the standard method of casting. Various techniques have been introduced to retrieve 3D shoe impressions which are reviewed in this paper, including recently introduced techniques that focus on casting using different materials, Structured from Motion (SfM), and 3D light scanning. Additionally, this review discusses alternative techniques to uncover shoe impressions, including each technique's benefits, drawbacks, and gaps.

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De Moor, Sabine, Christophe Vandeviver, and Tom Vander Beken. "Integrating police-recorded crime data and DNA data to study serial co-offending behaviour." European Journal of Criminology 15, no. 5 (January 2, 2018): 632–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477370817749499.

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When studying offending behaviour, researchers primarily rely on police-recorded crime data, even though such data contain only detected crimes and known offenders. Using DNA data, which also contain information on unknown offenders, enables researchers to link offenders by identifying their presence at shared crime scenes. In this paper we combine police-recorded crime data with DNA data to study serial co-offending behaviour. We focus on the changes the networks of crimes obtained from police-recorded crime data undergo when integrated with data from unknown offenders in the DNA database. We demonstrate that an integrated dataset reveals more and larger networks of crimes with a larger spatiotemporal spread compared with the police-recorded crime data only.

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Dass, Gitanjali, Nakul Pandoh, and Hemanshu Choudhary. "3D Crime Scene Investigation." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 12 (December 23, 2020): 124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.421.

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There are many advancements are there in the technologies are there and one of the things which have become very famous is the 3D imaging of the technologies. There has been a widespread belief that this system is there. In this system there are different hard levels of the crime scenes that are tackled. There are lots of crime scenes which can be reconstructed. The details are kept mainly in the millimeter based techniques which have been used. The system which is used is called the 3D based imaging system. NASA the one of the famous space technologies which are there is also working in the matter to make the crime scenes to be properly investigated.

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Acampora, Giovanni, Pasquale Trinchese, Roberto Trinchese, and Autilia Vitiello. "A Serious Mixed-Reality Game for Training Police Officers in Tagging Crime Scenes." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13021177.

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Recognizing and collecting evidence at a crime scene are essential tasks for gathering information about perpetrators and/or the dynamics of a criminal event. Hence, the success of a crime investigation is strongly based on the ability of forensic investigators to perform these tasks. Recent studies observing and comparing the performance of experts and novices have highlighted the importance of experience and training for search and recovery strategies at crime scenes. Therefore, relevant training programs in evidence-recovery techniques should be attended by novices to improve their skills. However, the knowledge transfer between skills acquired in the classroom and their practical application in the field is a challenging task. In order to relieve this problem, this paper proposes a serious mixed-reality game, which is called TraceGame, aiming to support the training activities of novice forensic investigators by improving their skills related to the search and recovery of evidence at crime scenes. The purpose of the game is to identify the greatest number of useful traces present in a crime scene that is physically reconstructed at the training site as quickly as possible. As shown in an experimental session, TraceGame is a promising tool for supporting the training of novice forensic investigators.

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Dostoevsky, Fyodor, and Michael R. Katz. "Three Scenes from Crime and Punishment." New England Review 34, no. 3-4 (2014): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ner.2014.0008.

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Abbas Malik, Hafiz Muhammad, and Kamran Bashir. "The detection and identification of footprint impressions at the scene of crime – A mini review." 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2023): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.56770/fi2023113.

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In order to identify the offender and solve a mystery crime like Footprint, forensic investigators hunt for physical evidence at crime scenes or the place of the crime. Forensic science is based on physical evidence. Even in the early stages of the inquiry, the footprint is simply overlooked since it is thought to be unimportant, even though it is essential physical evidence found at many crime scenes, including those of homicide, burglary, and sexual assault. The most similar kind of pattern-based evidence to fingerprint and gait analysis are blood pattern analysis. The most crucial aspect of forensic science is the analysis and comparison of the footprint impressions. The investigation officer or forensic science specialist usually follows the parameters, such as the design, size, or shape of a footprint, when taking footprint impressions. In a criminal investigation, a footprint impression can be helpful evidence that steers the case in the wrong way. In comparison to the footprints left by walking, those left by standing are smaller. In this review paper, we demonstrate how to quickly analyze the footprint imprint found at the crime scene using the scientific method.

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D'Orio, Eugenio, Giuseppe Calabrese, Chiara Lucanto, and Paola Montagna. "ASSESSING PERFORMANCE IN FORENSIC HAIR EXAMINATION: A REVIEW." International Journal of Law in Changing World 2, no. 1 (June 15, 2023): 102–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54934/ijlcw.v2i1.38.

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Forensic biological examination is a part of forensic science, which has the aims to identify biological matrix and stains on crime scenes or findings. Forensic biological examination is important for the identification of even the smallest biological samples and their attribution to a specific person, victim,or suspect. During crime scene investigation hair is one of the biological samples that can be found and can lead the operators to identify the perpetrators. In fact, hair can be easily found on findings, both clothes and objects, near victims and/or in the area of the crime. Microscopic analysis of the human hairs can be used to make a comparative analysis on suspects, focusingthe attention on well-knownmorphological characteristics. andthe bulb of human hair, found on crime scenes or on findings, can be used in forensic genetics examination to reach a DNA matching. The aim of this research is to cross-compare multiple knowledge from different research papers on forensic hair examination to assess the evolution of the study and technology in this field and for assess new perspective of research and forensic applications.

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Du Toit, David, and Buck Whaley. "Another Bloody Clean-Up." Thinker 89, no. 4 (November 6, 2021): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/thethinker.v89i4.694.

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South Africa has one of the highest violent crime rates globally, where physical and emotional trauma is used in homicides and suicides. While this is apparent to the ordinary South African, what is less clear is what happens after the police and forensics have done their job at a crime scene: Who cleans up the bloody mess? In South Africa, as in many other nations, trauma cleaners restore the scenes where homicides and suicides have been committed, and where industrial accidents have taken place. Little to no scholarly research has been conducted on the experiences of the cleaners of trauma scenes. Cleaning up these scenes consists of labour charged with violence that most cannot countenance, but which the cleaner must face. Drawing on 13 qualitative interviews, this article explores the challenges of cleaning up a site where violent and/or traumatic acts have occurred, and how the cleaners develop strategies to cope with their own concomitant trauma. The cleaners are exposed to various health and safety issues, as well as the emotional trauma associated with cleaning up horrific accidents and crimes. Findings show that trauma cleaners emotionally distance themselves from the violence to which they bear witness and use emotional labour, spirituality, humour, and debriefing as coping strategies. In its conclusion, this article suggests a greater acknowledgement of trauma cleaners’ responsibilities and recommends that proper physical and emotional training is necessary to ensure their wellbeing.

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Barone, Pier Matteo, and Rosa Maria Di Maggio. "Exploring the Growing Importance of Forensic Geoarchaeology in Italy." Forensic Sciences 3, no. 4 (October 10, 2023): 533–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci3040037.

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Forensic geoarchaeology provides a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to investigating crime scenes. This field combines the techniques and methods of archaeology, geology, geophysics, and remote sensing, to provide a more comprehensive picture of the events that have occurred at a site. Forensic geoarchaeologists can not only provide valuable information about the context of a crime scene but also help reconstruct past events and collect relevant information about missing persons. Moreover, the use of geospatial technologies and the analysis of evidence together with a vast range of scientific methods and techniques help forensic geoarchaeologists provide compelling and reliable evidence before courts and law enforcement agencies. Although some reticence still prevails among Italians about recognizing forensic geoarchaeology as a fundamental discipline vis-a-vis crime scenes, the recognition of its vital significance is growing in Italy, thanks to the decision of the Italian Standards Organization (UNI) to standardize it alongside other fields of criminalistic expertise.

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BALAJI, Dr A., METTU SURENDRA REDDY, SANAGANI JAGADEESH, TANANGI RAMYA, and KURNUTHALA SRIRAM. "DETECTION OF CRIME SCENE OBJECTS FOR EVIDENCE ANALYSIS USING DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 15, no. 1 (March 4, 2024): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.61841/turcomat.v15i1.14543.

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Research on the detection of objects at crime scenes has flourished in the last two decades. Researchers have been concentrating on colour pictures, where lighting is a crucial component, since this is one of the most pressing issues in computer vision, with applications spanning surveillance, security, medicine, and more. However, nighttime monitoring is crucial since most security problems cannot be seen by the naked eye. That's why it's crucial to record a dark scene and identify the things at a crime scene. Even when its dark out, infrared cameras are indispensable. Both military and civilian sectors will benefit from the use of such methods for nighttime navigation. On the other hand, IR photographs have issues with poor resolution, lighting effects, and other similar issues. Surveillance cameras with infrared (IR) imaging capabilities have been the focus of much study and development in recent years. This research work has attempted to offer a good model for object recognition by using IR images obtained from crime scenes using Deep Learning. The model is tested in many scenarios including a central processing unit (CPU), Google COLAB, and graphics processing unit (GPU), and its performance is also tabulated.

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Curtis, Juliana, Landon Stitle, Jessica Certain, Madeline Murchland, Charlotte Piszel, Jordan Vest, Claire L. McLeod, and Mark P. S. Krekeler. "A Reflective Spectroscopy and Mineralogical Investigation of Cosmetic Blush (Wet‘N’Wild) Potentially for Forensic Investigations Related to Interpersonal Violence—An Experimental Feasibility Study." Forensic Sciences 3, no. 4 (October 17, 2023): 544–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci3040038.

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Interpersonal violence is a rising issue in global society and new approaches are being sought to combat the problem. Within this context, expanding forensic techniques to better document violent crime scenes is critical for improving and acquiring legal evidence, such as proving or tracing contact between victims and suspects. This project aims to demonstrate the potential for forensic investigations in the context of interpersonal violence using a field-based reflective spectroscopy approach. For this, a common cosmetic, Wet‘N’Wild “Color Icon” blush in the shade “Pearlescent Pink”, was mineralogically characterized using transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction and subsequently investigated via reflective spectroscopy on a variety of common substrates. Differing amounts of the cosmetic product, ranging from 0.001 g to 0.075 g, were applied to a variety of substrates using a simple push method to simulate forcible contact and material transfer. Substrates included a pine wood block; (calcareous) sand from Tulum, Mexico; Ottawa sand; tile; Pergo wood; linoleum; closet material; carpets; and fabrics. The reflective spectra of cosmetic–substrate combinations were measured via an ASD FieldSpec 4 Hi-Res spectroradiometer. The Wet‘N’Wild cosmetic was reliably detected on various substrates relevant to crime scenes. Minor amounts (as low as 0.02 mg/mm2) could be detected, and average limits of detection of 0.03 mg/mm2) were achieved; however, a calcareous sand (Tulum) had a high level of detection (>0.38 mg/mm2), suggesting that further investigation is needed for more complex sand substrates. The use of the ASD spectroradiometer as a forensic tool within the context of crime scene documentation shows promise. Future work should expand the characterization of cosmetic materials across a broad range of substrates and consider systematic studies of specific population groups. Furthermore, combining this approach with hyperspectral imaging at crime scenes is a promising future direction for crime scene documentation. This work therefore demonstrates a novel method for investigating cosmetics within the context of interpersonal violence and provides a foundation for future laboratory and field work using the ASD FieldSpec 4 and hyperspectral imaging systems.

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Bandari, Anashe. "Investigating crime scenes with blood droplet analysis." Scilight 2021, no. 11 (March 12, 2021): 111101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0003704.

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Julian Smith, Paul. "CRIME SCENES: POLICE DRAMA ON SPANISH TELEVISION." Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies 8, no. 1 (March 2007): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14636200601148819.

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Fullerton, Dan, and David Bonner. "Additional Crime Scenes for Projectile Motion Unit." Physics Teacher 49, no. 9 (December 2011): 554–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.3661100.

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Gorrara, Claire. "Paris and the Fetish: Primal Crime Scenes." French Studies 69, no. 3 (June 30, 2015): 420–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knv083.

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Raymond, M. A. "Interpretation of Bloodstain Evidence at Crime Scenes." Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences 32, no. 1 (January 2000): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00450610009410792.

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Clark, L. G., and J. A. Gothard. "Examining Trace Materials from Scenes of Crime." Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences 23, no. 1 (January 1991): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00450618.1991.11509521.

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Carrier, Brian D., and Eugene H. Spafford. "Defining Event Reconstruction of Digital Crime Scenes." Journal of Forensic Sciences 49, no. 6 (2004): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs2004127.

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Clark, L. G., and J. A. Gothard. "Examining Trace Materials from Scenes of Crime." Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences 22, no. 4 (January 1, 1991): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00450619109412211.

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Fominykh, T. A., V. S. Ulanov, A. N. Zakharova, and V. V. Kiselev. "The present and future of forensic genetics." Pacific Medical Journal, no. 4 (February 1, 2024): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34215/1609-1175-2023-4-42-46.

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In this article, we discuss the current state and future directions in the ﬁeld of forensic genetics. The DNA analysis of biological traces found at a crime scene, which was ﬁrst used in a criminal investigation in 1987, did revolutionize forensic science. Over the past three decades, signiﬁcant advances have been made in the recognition capacity, speed, and sensitivity of DNA proﬁling methods, as well as in their capability of typing increasingly complex patterns. Creation of DNA databases of criminals and crime scenes, as well as population allele frequencies, allows suspects to be identiﬁed from crime scene samples and DNA evidence to be statistically processed to verify its reliability. At present, it has become possible to identify even single cells left at a crime scene and to successfully analyze ancient human remains. Forensic DNA proﬁling can be used to identify not only individuals known to the investigating authorities. Experts are increasingly applying new genetic markers that can expand the scope of DNA proﬁling methods. Modern developments enable extraction of new types of forensically signiﬁcant information from biological traces, e.g., using molecular approaches to searching for individuals previously unknown to investigators. New methods have been proposed to identify the relationship between the donors of forensic samples and the crimes committed. Modern advances in the decoding of the human genome, as well as the availability of genome-wide analysis and sequencing techniques, pave the way for new forensic DNA tools capable of enhancing the quality of forensic science in the near future.

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Van Der Lugt, C., N. J. D. Nagelkerke, and G. J. R. Maat. "Study of the Relationship between a Person's Stature and the Height of an Ear Imprint from the Floor." Medicine, Science and the Law 45, no. 2 (April 2005): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmmsl.45.2.135.

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Occasionally ear prints are found at crime scenes. The height of the ear imprint may provide the police with information regarding the stature of the perpetrator and may therefore help to narrow down the number of suspects. The research provides calculations for the determination of stature from the height of the tragus imprint found at crime scenes. It takes into account various variables such as age, stature and gender.

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Buddhadasa, M. P. A. A., K. G. N. U. Ranaweera, K. B. N. Silva, and R. M. D. A. Rathnayaka. "A Criminological Analysis on Burglary Related Environmental Factors in Sri Lanka." Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 06, no. 01 (2021): 01–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v06i01.01.

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With the birth and growth of criminology related sub discipline, ‘environmental criminology’ or in other words, crime designated ecological perspective has gained a wide acceptance among the criminology academia. As a consequent, the immediate surrounding of an individual has been identified as a criminogenic factor. Criminology has been specifically focusing on the characteristics of offenders as well as offences and has been somewhat disregarding the criminogenic spatial factors of crime. Focusing and identifying the designated burglary related ecological factors have been the prime intention of this criminological research study. Thus, a purposive sample of 57 crime scenes under burglary has been observed during a period of two years (2017-2019) within the Western Province of Sri Lanka. Data were retrieved by using qualitative methodology. The research revealed three types of environmental factors linked with the burglary crime scenes namely, natural, built, and social. The built and social eco factors have been main criminogenic features in urban and semi-urban spaces. Specifically, weather, land usage and location could be identified as burglary related environmental factors. Apart from natural environmental factors, architectural and landscape features were recognized as associated-built environmental factors with housebreak. As this is a pioneering research study connected to the environmental aspect of crimes, the study has filled the existing research gap from the Sri Lankan perspective. Measures in controlling and preventing crime can be achieved through the management of environmental elements and using environmental designing with the advanced technology.

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Bell, Amy. "Crime Scene Photography in England, 1895–1960." Journal of British Studies 57, no. 1 (January 2018): 53–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2017.182.

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AbstractThis article discusses the development of techniques and practices of murder crime scene photography through four pairs of photographs taken in England between 1904 and 1958 and examines their “forensic aesthetic”: the visual combination of objective clues and of subjective aesthetic resonances. Crime scene photographs had legal status as evidence that had to be substantiated by a witness, and their purpose, as expressed in forensic textbooks and policing articles, was to provide a direct transfer of facts to the courtroom; yet their inferential visual nature made them allusive and evocative as well. Each of four pairs of photographs discussed reflects a significant period in the historical evolution of crime scene photography as well as an observable aesthetic influence: the earliest days of police photography and pictorialism; professionalization in the 1930s, documentary photography, and film noir; postwar photographic expansion to the suburban and middle class, advertising images of the family and home; and postwar elegiac landscape photography in the 1950s and compassion shown to infanticidal mothers. Crime scene photographs also demonstrate a remarkable shift in twentieth-century forensic technologies, and they reveal a collection of ordinary domestic and pastoral scenes at the moment when an act of violence made them extraordinary.

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Zarmsky, Sarah. "Why Seeing Should Not Always Be Believing." Journal of International Criminal Justice 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqab048.

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Abstract Digital reconstructions of crime scenes have been used more frequently in both domestic and international courts as technology becomes more developed and accessible to courtroom actors. Though digital reconstructions can be beneficial, especially in the context of international criminal law, as they allow judges to visit crime scenes which would otherwise be too expensive or dangerous to travel to in person, there are inherent risks which come with the use of this novel type of evidence in a court of law. This article explores some key considerations which arise if digital reconstructions are to be used in international criminal courts and tribunals, with an emphasis on the rights of the accused and effects on victims and witnesses. It argues that in order for fair trial standards to be upheld and for international courts to fulfil their roles not just as prosecutors of crimes, but as seekers of truth and reconciliation, digital reconstructions need to be approached with caution and analysed through a critical eye.

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Spyropoulos, Alexandros Z., Charalampos Bratsas, Georgios C. Makris, Emmanouel Garoufallou, and Vassilis Tsiantos. "Interoperability-Enhanced Knowledge Management in Law Enforcement: An Integrated Data-Driven Forensic Ontological Approach to Crime Scene Analysis." Information 14, no. 11 (November 9, 2023): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info14110607.

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Nowadays, more and more sciences are involved in strengthening the work of law enforcement authorities. Scientific documentation is evidence highly respected by the courts in administering justice. As the involvement of science in solving crimes increases, so does human subjectivism, which often leads to wrong conclusions and, consequently, to bad judgments. From the above arises the need to create a single information system that will be fed with scientific evidence such as fingerprints, genetic material, digital data, forensic photographs, information from the forensic report, etc., and also investigative data such as information from witnesses’ statements, the apology of the accused, etc., from various crime scenes that will be able, through formal reasoning procedure, to conclude possible perpetrators. The present study examines a proposal for developing an information system that can be a basis for creating a forensic ontology—a semantic representation of the crime scene—through descriptive logic in the owl semantic language. The Interoperability-Enhanced information system to be developed could assist law enforcement authorities in solving crimes. At the same time, it would promote closer cooperation between academia, civil society, and state institutions by fostering a culture of engagement for the common good.

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Blom, Robin. "Lippmann’s triangular relationship on the crime scene: Pseudo-environments convicting the innocent." International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics 18, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/macp_00064_1.

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Lippmann noted that analyses of public opinion must start ‘by recognizing the triangular relationship between the scene of action, the human picture of that scene, and the human response to that picture working itself out upon the scene of action’. This is certainly the case for crime scenes. The majority of the public will never be a victim of serious crime, and many people will not have close contact with law enforcement and the court system. Hence, much of what is learnt about crime is from exposure to news reports and depictions in popular media. Lippmann noted that crime is among the most important topics in terms of news output. Two case studies of persons who were initially convicted and later exonerated provide examples of how journalists report on eyewitness testimony when those eyewitness reports formed the main evidence for the prosecution. These case studies also provided opportunities to explore how pseudo-environments were developed by journalists to signify that the wrongfully convicted individuals were indeed guilty after such a jury verdict – without much, if any, reference to the possibility that those individuals were convicted based on witness misidentification.

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Nurdianto, Arif Rahman, Fery Setiawan, Ahmad Yudianto, Rizal Fauzi Nurdianto, and Jenny Sunariani. "DNA TOUCH STR CODIS AS LEGITIMATE EVIDENCE IN UNCOVERING CRIMINAL ACTS." Jurnal Biosains Pascasarjana 26, no. 1 (July 1, 2024): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbp.v26i1.2024.77-86.

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The identification process at the crime scene (TKP) is one of the essential tasks carried out by police investigators. One critical aspect is the collection and analysis of evidence found at the crime scene, referred to as biological evidence (BB). This evidence serves as a crucial source for determining whether an incident occurred and, if so, whether it was a suicide or another criminal act (such as murder, etc.). The biological evidence found can be analyzed using molecular serobiology approaches, which are rapidly advancing in the fields of forensic medicine and medicolegal practice. One such approach involves utilizing DNA traces, although a common challenge is that often the DNA recovered at crime scenes is degraded. Therefore, a DNA amplification method utilizing the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique, along with the short tandem repeat (STR) – CODIS identification approach, is necessary. The analysis of DNA traces using the STR-CODIS approach enables investigators to determine whether the incident was purely criminal, a suicide, or another type of accident involving the victim. Furthermore, the DNA analysis using the STR-CODIS method can also aid in identifying the victims discovered at the crime scene.

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Mygind Leth, Peter, Stine Hovvang, and Asser Hedegård Thomsen. "Retsmedicinske findestedsundersøgelser." Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab 110, no. 1 (March 26, 2023): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ntfk.v110i1.136735.

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AbstractDuring the years 2000 to 2020 the Department of Forensic Medicine at the University of Southern Denmark performed 293 medical crime scene investigations in Southern Denmark involving 320 deceased (200 men). The medical examiner was called out in homicides (24%), suspicious cases (58%), fire related deaths (15%) and bone findings (2%). The medical examiner was responsible for the medical examination of corpses in cooperation with the crime scene technicians. The goal was to determine the cause of death, the manner and mechanism of death, and the time of death. Most were autopsied after the crime scene investigation. The scene was considered suspicious if displacedor broken furniture, or bloodstains, were found. Actions by alcohol or drug intoxicated individuals may resemble a crime scene. Blood stains can arise from natural causes. Suicide by stabbing or shooting may give rise to a suspicious scene, as may deaths during autoerotic procedures and deaths due to hypothermia. Most crime scenes were indoors, but a quarter occurred outside. The deceased included a high proportion of individuals with chronic alcoholism (36%) and many suffered from psychiatric disease (23%). Based on autopsy, manner of death was determined to have been homicide (30%), accident (27%), suicide (18%), natural death (14%) and unknown causes (6%). 5% was not autopsied.The pattern of lesions are important in determining the mechanism of death, but must always be viewed in relation to findings at the scene and the deceased’s history. Medical crime scene investigation underwent improvements during the period, most notably the introduction of DNA-trace analysis. Photo and video documentation also improved.Photogrammetry and the use of drones are being introduced.

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Adil Elshiekh Abdalla. "Forensic Linguistics and its Role in Crime Investigation: Descriptive Study." JALL | Journal of Arabic Linguistics and Literature 2, no. 2 (April 12, 2022): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.59202/jall.v2i2.343.

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This desrcrptive study aims at discussing the discipline of forensic linguistics in terms of its definition, history , scope, and its role in detection of the crime. The study revealed that this decipine is considr ed one of the most contemporary scientific fields that deal with the analysis of linguistic evidence with aim to clarify any ambiguity exist in any judicial process, especially in the investigation of crimes and legal cases. The forensic linguistics also involves in probing the crucial legal documents and other linguistic evidence, such as handwritten texts prior to suicide attempt, and any evidence from crime scenes or kidnappers` notes.

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Lim, C. L., V. K. Raman, J. Gunasekaram, and P. G. Bagali. "Virtual reality CSI – examining crime scenes in cyberspace." South-East Asian Journal of Medical Education 15 (July 6, 2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/seajme.v15i0.346.

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Stachurski, Christina. "Scenes of the Crime: Returning to the Past." Modern Drama 40, no. 1 (March 1997): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.40.1.111.

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Naiman, Melissa, A. Karl Larsen, and Peter R. Valentin. "The Role of the Dentist at Crime Scenes." Dental Clinics of North America 51, no. 4 (October 2007): 837–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2007.06.004.

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Hefetz, Ido, Yakir Liptz, Shaul Vaturi, and David Attias. "Use of AFIS for linking scenes of crime." Forensic Science International 262 (May 2016): e25-e27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.003.

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Eisner, Manuel. "Policies towards open drug scenes and street crime." European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 1, no. 2 (June 1993): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02249229.

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Russell, Maria, Louis B. Schlesinger, Maria Leon, and Samantha Holdren. "“Undoing” (or Symbolic Reversal) at Homicide Crime Scenes." Journal of Forensic Sciences 63, no. 2 (June 9, 2017): 478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13556.

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Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad T., Peter Larsen, Tifani Anton, Lauren Cralle, Naseer Sangwan, Simon Lax, Neil Gottel, et al. "Detecting personal microbiota signatures at artificial crime scenes." Forensic Science International 313 (August 2020): 110351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110351.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Crime scenes'

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