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Journal articles on the topic 'Crime-preventive measures'
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1
Kaur, Manpreet, Gurinder Kaur, and Er Raina C.K. "Cyber Crime and Its Preventive Measures." IJARCCE 6, no. 3 (March 30, 2017): 920–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2017.63214.
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Lee, Yong Ju. "The Types and Causes of Juvenile Crime and Preventive Measures." Korean Correction Counseling Psychological Association 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 27–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33614/kccpa.2019.4.2.27.
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Vasiljevic-Prodanovic, Danica. "Concentration of crime as a measure of repeat victimization." Temida 15, no. 3 (2012): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1203067v.
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It is well known that large proportion of all crimes are commited against victims who have been victimized before. Focusing preventive measures on repeat victims may help reduce repeat victimization as well as the crime rate. In order to achieve this, we have to identify cases of repeat victimization. Research on concentration of crime is very important for understanding crime trends and detecting areas with repeated victimization. Knowledge of concentration of crime may help planning of preventive strategies. If there is a high concentration of crime, prevention strategy will be oriented to individuals that are at risk of repeated victimization. The aim of this paper is to highlight the significance of research on concentration of crime as a parameter indicating the extent of repeated victimization.
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杨, 中英. "A Case Study of College Students’ Passion Crime and Its Preventive Measures." Advances in Social Sciences 06, no. 06 (2017): 723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ass.2017.66101.
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Reutov, Viktor Yevgeniyevich, and Diana Dmitrievna Burkaltseva. "ECONOMIC CRIME: SOCIO—ECONOMIC CONDITIONS." Scientific Bulletin: finance, banking, investment., no. 3 (52) (2021): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2312-5330-2020-3-118-129.
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Of course, in any country, including Russia, the relevance of research to prevent an increase in the level of economic crime is important. Moreover, its level is an indicator of the country’s economic security. Accordingly, in the conditions of restrictions, the consequences of the pandemic associated with an increase in unemployment, a decrease in the income of the population, the factors affecting an increase in this indicator — the level of crime in the economic sphere — are increasing. The article provides a forecast of socio-economic indicators: the development of the social sphere, the level and quality of life. The decomposition of institutionalization of preventive measures aimed at counteracting the commission of economic crime is built. A portrait of a criminal in cybercrime conditions is highlighted and the dynamics of registered crimes is considered. At the same time, in the institutional structure of the decomposition of preventive measures aimed at counteracting the commission of economic crime, a component of socio-economic conditions is highlighted, contributing to the increase in the commission or reduction of this type of economic crime.
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Некрасов, Александр Петрович, and Анна Андреевна Кривопалова. "PREVENTIVE RECORD AS A MEANS OF PENITENTIARY CRIME CONTROL." Vestnik Samarskogo iuridicheskogo instituta, no. 5(41) (December 25, 2020): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37523/sui.2020.41.5.009.
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Предупреждение преступлений и формирование у осужденных уважительного отношения к закону являются целями исполнения наказания. В пенитенциарных учреждениях, которые обеспечивают изоляцию от общества, данные цели достигаются обеспечением режима исправительного учреждения. В данной статье обосновывается позиция, согласно которой постановка осужденного на профилактический учет является действенным средством предупреждения преступлений в местах лишения свободы, под которым необходимо понимать форму специальной и индивидуальной профилактики правонарушений осужденных, состоящую из воспитательно-предупредительных мероприятий в отношении конкретных осужденных и направленную на их исправление и/или предупреждение совершения (возможного совершения) ими правонарушений. При проведении профилактического учета за осужденным устанавливается особый контроль со стороны всех подразделений исправительного учреждения; закрепляется наиболее профессионально подготовленный сотрудник учреждения УИС, ответственный за проведение профилактической работы; разрабатываются конкретные, индивидуальные предупредительно-профилактические мероприятия, направленные на отказ от антиобщественного образа жизни и стимулирование правопослушного поведения. Обозначается ряд пробелов и неточностей в регламентации профилактического учета как средства предупреждения преступлений, и предлагаются меры по их устранению, которые будут способствовать повышению эффективности предупредительно-профилактического воздействия на осужденных. The prevention of crimes and the formation of respect for the law among convicts are the goals of the execution of punishment. In penitentiary institutions that provide isolation from society, these goals are achieved by ensuring the regime of the correctional institution. This article substantiates the position that placing a convicted person on preventive registration is an effective means of preventing crimes in places of deprivation of liberty, which should be understood as a form of special and individual prevention of offenses of convicted persons, which consists of educational and preventive measures against specific convicts and is aimed at correcting them and/or preventing them from committing (possible committing) offenses. When conducting preventive record, a special control is established over the convict by all divisions of the correctional institution; the most professionally trained employee of the penal system is assigned, responsible for carrying out preventive work; specific, individual preventive and preventive measures are being developed aimed at abandoning an antisocial lifestyle and stimulating law-abiding behavior. A number of gaps and mistakes in the regulation of preventive record as a means of preventing crimes are indicated, and measures are proposed to eliminate them, which will help to increase the effectiveness of preventive and precautionary action on convicts.
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Petrovsky, Anton Vladimirovich. "Сrime and Its Prevention at Rural Areas of the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea." Теория и практика общественного развития, no. 10 (October 2020): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2020.10.6.
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Russian criminal science is traditionally based on the assumption that crime is inherent primarily in cities, where various methods of ensuring public safety should be tested and preventive programs should be implemented. Crime in rural areas in gen-eral, and in the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea in particular, is an understudied social phenomenon which is of interest to the scientific community, as well as to the practitioners of law enforcement agencies. The present research deals with criminological study of qualitative and quanti-tative indicators of crime in rural regions, its causes and conditions, as well as preventive activities of internal affairs bodies and assessment of the effec-tiveness of measures taken to eliminate or neutralize illegal activities. The analysis of the specified char-acteristics served the foundation for substantiating a number of preventive measures, taking into ac-count regional features as well as local cultural, eth-nic and religious ones.
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Arifi, Blerta Ahmedi. "How to prevent youth crime in Macedonia?" European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 11, no. 1 (June 10, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v11i1.p7-14.
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This research paper analyzes the policy of Republic of Macedonia on preventing youth crime. It gives a focus on some main points of the topic, such as: The institutional measures there are implemented to prevent youth crime, such as the legislation and the national strategies of the state; The analysis of the special and general preventive effect of the penal sanctions for children. Also, there is presented the analysis of the influence of some social factors as preventive measures for the youth delinquency, such as: The education system; The free time of the youth people; The role of their family; The economic level of the children’s families; The circle of persons who they accompany and the access to the mass media. During this study there are used some methods, such as: The literature review for this topic and the interpretation of the legal provisions for youth crime; The survey and the interviews made with secondary school pupils and the comparative method used for some social factors, as some like more relevant beside others for preventing the youth crime. The results and conclusions of this research paper will contribute on finding the most relevant measures on preventing the youth/child crime in Macedonia.
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Bidniak, Hanna. "Substitution maintenance therapy – effective prevention or way of committing a crime?" Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 5, no. 5 (December 30, 2020): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-5-205-209.
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The scientific work focuses on the features of the program of substitution maintenance therapy and its preventive function for the prevention of drug crime. It is proved that general preventive measures such as appearing in the media, personal interviews, publication of the facts of detected offenses, blocking drug trafficking channels are not enough. The international experience of functioning of substitution maintenance therapy is analyzed. Based on the discussions on this program, their preventive role is noted.
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Rogova, E. V., and M. K. Gajdaj. "Prevention of Criminal Behavior of Minors Who are Sentenced to Punishment without Isolation from Society." Siberian Law Herald 4, no. 91 (2020): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2071-8136.2020.4.78.
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The author analyzes the preventive measures that are applied to minors sentenced to punishments without isolation from society, shows their importance in achieving the goals of correcting convicted persons and preventing the commission of new crimes. The preventive part of the activity of specialized courts for minors is considered. The forms and methods of preventive work carried out by criminal executive inspectorates with minors sentenced to punishments not related to imprisonment are investigated, each of the measures is checked for compliance with international standards for the prevention of general crime and the prevention of juvenile delinquency. Conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of each of the measures, the feasibility of their application in practice on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of these measures. It is argued that the effectiveness of these measures is determined through the inclusion of preventive measures in the system, because all these measures should always be applied in an integrated manner. Special attention is paid to the practice of juvenile courts in the Russian Federation. In these courts, judges are specially trained to work with minors and are well aware of the peculiarities of their behavior, including unlawful behavior, and administer justice. It is noted that the activities of juvenile courts have a positive effect on the organization of preventive work in this area. It is argued that the system of measures of criminal law and penal enforcement should not be perceived as the main one, because preventive work should be carried out with such minors who have not committed a crime, as well as with those adolescents who have already served their sentences. Keywords: prevention, juvenile convicts, punishment without isolation from society, juvenile justice.
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Haelterman, Harald. "Situational Crime Prevention and Supply Chain Security: An “Ex Ante” Consideration of Preventive Measures." Journal of Applied Security Research 4, no. 4 (October 6, 2009): 483–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19361610903176294.
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Jovašević, Dragan. "The system of penalties against property in the criminal law of Serbia and Montenegro." Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 77, no. 10 (2005): 613–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv0512613j.
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Different criminal legal systems set forth different methods and measures in prevention and abolition of crime in general, and particularly crime against property, which prevails in the structure of contemporary crime. Criminal penalties are among them based on the-k Battue, character, effect and significance. Considering specific character of criminal acts against property and their offenders, the law provides for the specific types of penalties: penalties - fine and confiscation of property and security measure-confiscation of item, which have both repressive and extremely preventive character. This paper examines the concept, features and characteristics of these criminal law measures both in our and in foreign criminal legal systems.
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Ignatenko, Evgeniy Aleksandrovich, and Nikita Evgenevich Chelnokov. "CRIMINOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE PREVENTION OF CRIMES COMMITTED BY PERSONS WITH NEGATIVE CHANGES IN MENTAL ACTIVITY." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 8 (2018): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2018-2-8-30-37.
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We examine the question of prevention of crimes committed by persons with negative changes in the psyche. The relevance of the topic is confirmed by the fact that in modern conditions, preventive activities against crimes of persons with mental disabilities has acquired high importance and has become the main concept of general and forensic psychiatry, but the lack of scientific research on the prevention of crimes committed by persons with mental disorders, has a negative impact on the fight against crime. The effectiveness of the fight against crime largely depends on organizational and methodological prerequisites. Prevention of crimes committed by persons with negative changes in mental activity has an integrative nature and is possible only with the comprehensive development of tactical methods of preventive measures, criminological methods of prevention of crimes committed by persons and the development on this basis of practical recommendations to improve preventive activities. Prevention consists of two main areas: socially oriented and biologically based measures. We propose to emphasize the special field of prophylaxis and prevention measures against crimes – socio-psychiatric prophylaxis, justifying it by the fact, that prophylaxis is a complex measure. We draw a conclusion that it is possible to ensure sustainable and effective preventive work only with the coordinated mutual work of doctors and law enforcement officers, first of all, the internal affairs bodies, as well as social workers.
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Chadee, Derek, Diana Williams, and Raecho Bachew. "Victims' emotional distress and preventive measures usage: Influence of crime severity, risk perception, and fear." Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 30, no. 1 (July 10, 2019): 14–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/casp.2418.
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Kazanchev, I. T., and V. E. Dvortsov. "Criminally-Legal and Criminological Measures Directed on the Prevention of Crimes in the Sphere of Cadastral Activity." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 5, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18358.
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One of the positive tendencies of the modern criminal policy is the recognition of the priority of prevention of criminal encroachments, acknowledgement to that are the changes in the Criminal Code of the RF carried out in the last five years, one of which was the introduction by the legislator for criminal responsibility of cadastral engineers (article 170.2 of the Criminal Code). However, this crime has a high latency, the damage to individuals, organizations and the state is constantly growing, there is a lot of criminogenic determinants that contribute to crime in this area, therefore, it is necessary to develop a set of preventive measures which will allow to solve tasks of combating crime in this area at the least cost to society, in particular without turning on the full force of a complex mechanism of criminal justice without the use of this form of state coercion as a criminal punishment.
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Семерикова, Алла, and Alla Semerikova. "The role of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in crime prevention measures." Services in Russia and abroad 9, no. 1 (June 25, 2015): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11714.
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The article deals with the problem of crime prevention in the Russian Federation at the present stage. The article analyzes the role of the constitution in the mechanism of prevention of crime, through empirical analysis of the determinants of criminal behavior as a whole, which is based on a sample survey on the topic "What are the legal action, in your opinion, crucial in the process of crime prevention?" The study surveyed two groups of respondents : the first group is consisted of experts and criminologists, law enforcement officials, the second - the average people in the street without a legal education and specialized knowledge in combating and prevention of crimes.
This article deals with the concept of the constitutional crime and crimes against constitutional rights and freedoms. The main instrument of crime prevention can be regarded as the constitutional authorities of social services aimed at providing social and legal services, to carry out social rehabilitation of people who need help; institutions involved in legal education, explaining the essence of the fundamentally inalienable rights and freedoms; as well as political parties, movements, foundations, religious organizations, representatives of which are engaged in educational and preventive work with citizens. The reasons of the inefficiency of measures aimed at preventing the constitutional crimes are identified, including defining the role for the dominant ideology of wealth, imposed on us from outside. The system of measures is suggested for the most effective prevention of crime and minimization of constitutional possible negative consequences of committing crimes against constitutional rights and freedoms. The article substantiates the position that a person, its rights and freedoms are the supreme value in the state.
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Valuiskov, Nikoli V., Lubov V. Bondarenk, and Ani D. Arutiunian. "Juvenile Crime: Current State and Dynamics." Journal of Politics and Law 10, no. 4 (August 30, 2017): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v10n4p225.
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The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the problems of general and individual juvenile delinquency prevention. The definition of «general social crime preventive action» is given, its objectives and types are defined. The necessity of investing efforts and resources not in the repressive programs, but in the fundamental long-term programs aimed at the gradual elimination of social and economic disparities being the cause of the increase in crime rate among teenagers. The components and targets of individual crime prevention have been identified. The individual subjects of the juvenile crime prevention have been classified. The requirements for the subjects of the individual criminal behavior prediction have been formulated in order to create the theoretical and organizational prerequisites for the reliability of the individual behavior forecasts. As a result, the special measures of juvenile delinquency prevention have been proposed.
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Kumar, Anushka, Vishnudas S, and R. Kayalvizhi. "Using Mapreduce Techniques to Predict and Examine Crime Pattern." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.15860.
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The evolution of computer structures and networks has created an alternative set for crook acts, extensively known as the crime. Crime incidents occurrences of specific criminal offenses lead to a heavy risk to the world economy, protection, and well-being of society. This paper provides complete information of crime incidents and their corresponding offenses combining a sequence of strategies in line with the appropriate literature. Initially, this paper evaluates and identifies the alternatives to crime incidents, their individual components and proposes a combinatorial incident-description schema. The schema offers the chance to systematically blend various elements or crime traits. Moreover, a complete listing of crime-associated offenses is provided in this paper. So, to increase the performance of crime detection, it is essential to choose the data mining strategies appropriately. Hadoop enables to solve the crime as a radical expertise of the repetition and underlying criminal activities. Using Hadoop, we can locate the specific city and analyze the crime patterns, based on that give preventive measures to people.
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Afanasyeva, Olga R., and Valentina I. Shiyan. "The Status and Tendencies of Drug-Related Crime at Transport Infrastructure Objects." Drug control 4 (December 24, 2020): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2072-4160-2020-4-16-20.
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Purpose: based on the analysis of the official statistics of the Federal State Institution “GIAC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia” (information on the state of crime and the results of the investigation of crimes for the period 2015-2019; on crimes related to the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors or analogues, potent substances, plants (or their parts) containing narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances or their precursors, new potentially dangerous psychoactive substances, and the persons who committed them; on the state of crime in the air transport of the Russian Federation; summary report on the state of crime in transport) to assess the state and trends of drug-related crime at transport infrastructure facilities. Methodology: fundamental provisions of national criminology, a set of general scientific and specific scientific research methods. Conclusions: drug trafficking at transport infrastructure facilities is one of the main threats to Russia’s transport security. The decrease in the number of registered crimes in the sphere of illegal drug trafficking recorded in 2019 and the number of persons who committed them, both in Russia as a whole and at transport infrastructure facilities, is primarily due to the effectiveness of preventive activities. Scientific and practical significance: the results of the study presented in this article contribute to expanding the scope of criminological knowledge about the current state and trends of drug-related crime at transport infrastructure facilities, justifying the development of more effective preventive measures (scientific significance); will allow the subjects of preventive activity to timely identify new criminal threats in transport, determine priority areas of prevention and optimize management decisions.
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Ashtalkoska-Baloska, Tatijana, and Aleksandra Srbinovska-Doncevski. "Criminal law protection of economic crime Reality or fiction?" International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 5, no. 5 (May 31, 2017): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss5.673.
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Starting from the definition of economic crime as a totality of illegal acts committed by an individual or a group of individuals to obtain a financial or professional advantage, criminal law protection of this type of crime is becoming more popular both from a theoretical and practical point of view, primarily due to its constituent elements (system of incrimination, subject of economic offense and forms of responsibility, sanctions), and secondary by identifying opportunities for its conception and realization. Therefore, this paper, analyzes situation both in terms of determining the causes of economic crime and responsibility for economic crimes, and in terms of the legal and factual opportunity to realize the criminal law protection in a modern democratic society and market economy, establishment and implementation of appropriate repressive and preventive measures to combat this type of crime
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Jember, Kalkidan Misganaw. "Anti-money Laundering Law in Ethiopia: Issues of Enforcement with Specific Reference to Banks." Mizan Law Review 14, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mlr.v14i1.3.
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Banks are among the institutions which take the leading role in the combat against the crime of money laundering. They, however, remain highly vulnerable to an ever growing means and mechanisms of perpetration of the crime. This reality demands a continuous adoption of necessary measures. In what appears to be responding to this demand, Ethiopia has enacted several laws that impose obligation on banks to take preventive measures that can prevent the manipulation of the financial system towards the commission of laundering. This article examines whether banks (both private and public) in Ethiopia are implementing measures intended to prevent money laundering. Secondly, it examines the relationship and collaboration between banks and the regulatory organs (such as the Financial Intelligence Center and the National Bank of Ethiopia) in identifying and safeguarding against the schemes that allow the use of banks as intermediaries in the commission of money laundering.
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Kantemirova, Galina. "Incomplete family as a factor of crime in adolescents and youth." SHS Web of Conferences 55 (2018): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185502020.
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This work is devoted to one of the most important problems of our time, the problem of juvenile delinquency. The study of juvenile delinquency now has a special significance, since in many regions of our country the percentage of crimes committed by adolescents and young people is quite large, the crime rate is on the rise. The article aims to address the problem and the causes of crime. The publication touches on the topic of crime in the youth and adolescent families. Particular attention is paid by the author to the fact that the family is the main factor in the upbringing and socialization of children. Considerable attention is paid to an incomplete family, as a factor and a source of increased criminality. It is important not only to find out what are the causes of the increase in crime in adolescents and youth, but also to understand which preventive measures are the most effective one in combating crime.
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Кульчій, Інна Олексіївна, and Олег Олександрович Кульчій. "The Analysis of Information Security in the Context of Globalization." ЕКОНОМІКА І РЕГІОН Науковий вісник, no. 1(72) (June 24, 2019): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/eir.2019.1(72).1434.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities, constituents, threats of information security of Ukraine and the development of perspective mechanisms for ensuring the information security system. The groups of information and technological threats, including information weapons, information crime, information terrorism, information manipulation, were considered. The main threats to the information security of a person, state and society are analyzed and preventive measures are proposed.
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Usha, D., and D. Chitradevi. "An enhanced rule mining algorithm to detect suspects of crime against women in the state of Tamil Nadu." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.5 (September 22, 2018): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.25065.
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Crime against women in India has become a prominent topic of argument in the recent years and the issue has been brought to the foreground for concern due to the increasing trend in crimes performed against women. It is the major challenge to the investigators to detect and prevent crimes, particularly crime against women. Most of the crimes get reported and a massive dataset is being generated every year. Analyzing the crime reports can help the law enforcement officers to take preventive measures for reducing the crime, but processing this voluminous data is backbreaking and error prone. So, the application of various data mining techniques can help in visualizing the crime trend. Crime is one of the interesting applications where data mining plays an important role in terms of prediction and analysis in the interest of society. This paper covers in detail analysis of modus operandi of committing crimes and effective use of data mining techniques and algorithms in narrow down to identify the criminals at a short span of time.
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Novichkov, V. E. "FORECASTING IN COMBATING CRIME AND IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES ON THE APPLICATION OF MEASURES OF CRIMINAL AND LEGAL IMPACT ON CRIME WITH THE CRITERIA OF THEIR EFFECTIVENESS." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 21, no. 5 (October 28, 2017): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2017-21-5-204-211.
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The article discusses the possibility of prediction in combating crime in envisioning ways to improve the efficiency of law enforcement to impact crime through criminal law and other measures. Underline the fact that specified in the scope of this article aspects of domestic criminal law theory has not worked out common approaches, as evidenced by ongoing discussions on this issue. In particular, there is no common understanding of the logical-linguistic phenomena, among them the basic concept: "measures of criminal and legal impact", in connection with which the article is their original definition. For criminal law science, as with other legal Sciences remain difficult surveys to develop criteria for an effective impact on crime and forecasting. The paper presents the concept of "work" and management practices of law enforcement agencies on the effective application of measures of criminal and legal impact on crime and, primarily, on the basis of one of the main objectives of the criminal law - the prevention of crimes. The structure of this scheme consists of four groups that must be included in the development of forecasts in the sphere of fight against crime and its control and management. Is this: criminally-legal measures of crime prevention are in the educational effect on volatile and other persons and do not involve criminal responsibility; criminal-legal measures of crime prevention with the prevention of harmful consequences of the criminal act, deprivation of an offender to continue criminal activities, etc. achieved in the PU, the application of the perpetrators of legitimate violence (necessary defence, detention of the criminal) and criminal-law enforcement (criminal prosecution for preparation or attempted crime or completed less severe, compared to warned a crime); criminal - legal measures of implementation of criminal responsibility; other measures of impact on crime in furtherance of the purposes of criminal liability, beyond the considered groups, although having a number of their characteristics, as the application of the procedural measures of restraint in respect of suspects and accused persons, the application of compulsory measures of a medical nature to condemn alcoholics and drug addicts, all that is subordinated to the goal of preventing recurrence of crimes. Considering the issues of measures of criminal and legal impact on crime in connection with the prediction of the whole sphere of combating crime and related law enforcement the article notes the broad approach to the application of measures of criminal and legal impact on crime from the point of view of direct use of such measures in law enforcement for the prevention, suppression of crimes and the implementation of criminal responsibility is gained, sitela, which are based on criminal and other laws regulating the fight against crime. From the point of view of assessing practice effectiveness of the application of the criminal law as observationsas measures, the paper proposes to evaluate it according to formal parameters: the number of publications and broadcasts on television and radio, lectures, etc., and the effectiveness of these measures, as individual preventive measures is proposed to determine two parameters: the rate of detection of potential offenders (by retrospective analysis of the criminal cases of intentional crimes); the level of the positive impact of advocacy on identified potential offenders (by definition of the dynamics of the share of those who have committed crimes).
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Lopatin, Dmitry, and Evgeny Ryazantsev. "Russia against a background of encroachments on oil industry objects in the Middle East countries and North Africa." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2020, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2020-4-103-113.
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The article examines issues of criminal manifestations in the field of oil infrastructure in the Middle East and North. Particular attention is paid to the study of historical and modern methods of crime committing, information concerning hierarchical schemes of criminal groups, the identity of the offender, corruption in government agencies, including customs services, as well as the huge economic loss suffered by a state and the world economy as a whole. Specific examples of law enforcement practice reflect the reasons that make it difficult to impose sanctions on offenders from international legislation and the practical use of preventive measures in the framework of the problems under study. On the basis of modern analytical materials made by foreign researchers, the paper summarizes government measures to counter illegal challenges, and a positive experience and strategies to prevent crime in this area. The final part of the article describes the variety and distinctive area specificity of criminal manifestations, as well as features similar in the method of crime committing and in the objects of encroachment.
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Sobchik, L. N. "Criminal tendencies and psychological testing." Psychology and Law 7, no. 1 (2017): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2017070111.
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Methods of psychological diagnostics closer to the psychology main research areas, which involve measuring the accuracy and statistical reliability. A set of methods that includes questionnaires should be complemented with projective tests in which the stimulus material is verbal in nature. The article presents the results of surveys of different groups of persons in conflict with the law, as well as screening tests contingent of youth groups and adolescents. High performance, spontaneously manifested aggressiveness, traits, emotional immaturity, low self-control and primitive-the requirement of the hierarchy of values at statistically significant level are identified in the data psychodiagnostic study, thus allowing to allocate the risk of wrongful conduct and to develop preventive measures of psycho-pedagogical and social nature. Psychological testing is an effective tool in the study of criminal predisposici and gives the key to a science-based approach in the development of preventive measures aimed at reducing crime.
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Ivanov, Dmitrii, and Michail Kulikov. "International Standards of Preventive Measures and Their Implementations in the Legislation of the Russian Federation." Russian Journal of Criminology 14, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(4).623-630.
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The goal of this research is to identify problems arising during the implementation of international standards for the selection of preventive measures into Russian criminal procedure legislation. The authors specify the concept of international standards of criminal court proceedings, present the specific features of their incorporation into constitutional norms as well as rules in different branches of law. The importance of preventive measures in the general mechanism of legal regulation is shown. The authors prove the necessity of systemic changes in the part of Russian legislation that deals with the legal regulation of preventive measures with the purpose of creating an integrated mechanism of criminal prosecution and protection against it. Key findings of research include: 1) Russian criminal proceedings, including its part regulating the selection of preventive measures, should fully correspond to international standards; 2) international standards are implemented in Russian criminal procedure legislation both indirectly, though constitutional clauses, and directly, through the improvements in the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation; 3) preventive measures should only be selected if there are sufficient grounds for them, and these grounds are not the at the discretion of officials involved in criminal proceedings, they are real evidence in the materials of a criminal case that is necessary and sufficient for selecting a specific measure from the measures included in the law; 4) circumstances that are taken into consideration when selecting a preventive measure, if they potentially provide for a stricter measure from their general list, should be explicitly laid down in the law, and contrary to this, the list of circumstances that could improve the position of a person is not exhaustive; 5) to give a person an opportunity to defend their position, the possibility of selecting the preventive measure of detention is only feasible for the accused, and should be excluded for the suspect; 6) since the proper behavior of a person, from the position of the prosecution, is to give testimony that proves their involvement in a crime, the corresponding indication that this is necessary to ensure such behavior should be removed from the law when selecting the preventive measure of recognizance not to leave; 7) the supervision of the command staff of a military base over military personnel should not be substituted with an actual deprivation or limitation of the freedom of movement within the territory of the base; 8) when there are no grounds for selecting detention, the court should have a possibility to select any other preventive measure from those included in the law. From the methodological standpoint, this research is an analysis of international normative legal acts and generally recognized principles and norms of international law regulating preventive measures as well as the problems of their implementation in Russian criminal proceedings. The following methods were used: comparative legal, historic legal, sociological, interpretation of law norms, a number of logical methods. The obtained data was used to formulate key conclusions, which made it possible to correctly use a number of terms, and determine the necessity of a systemic improvement of Russian legislation through the introduction of mechanisms that ensure the rights, liberties and lawful interests of a person when selecting a preventive measure.
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Zinatullin, T. Z. "LEGAL AND MORAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL COERCION." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 31, no. 3 (June 8, 2021): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2021-31-3-439-444.
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The article reveals the essence, content and axiological components of the institution of criminal procedural coercion. The material-legal and procedural grounds for the application of measures of criminal-procedural coercion, as well as their moral content, are thoroughly analyzed. The article reveals the "paradoxes" of the criminal procedure regulation, related, in particular, to the granting of a person who has concluded a pre-trial agreement on cooperation, the procedural status of a witness in the judicial consideration of a criminal case against his accomplices in the crime, as well as the formulation of new criminal procedural preventive measures in the presence of similar procedural coercive measures not abolished by the legislator. Proposals are formulated to improve the institution of measures of criminal procedural coercion.
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Youen Oh, Sei. "A study on preventive system against recidivism of retaliatory crime using IOT-based smart watch." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.3 (June 8, 2018): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.33.14182.
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Background/Objectives: The study recognizes a seriousness of recidivism of retaliatory crimes and, in order to resolve the issue, proposes a preventive system against recidivism of retaliatory crimes by utilizing a IOT-based smart watch, which enables minimization of damage from retaliatory crimes and crime prevention.Methods/Statistical analysis: In a discussion of retaliatory crimes and a smart watch, formal statistical figures from the National Police and the Supreme Prosecutors’ Office were observed and a system module has been established, enabling minimization of damage from retaliatory crimes by additionally editing functions based on a preexisting module, a smart watch operation method for personal protection currently in-use by the National Police, so that a possibility of a retaliatory crime occurrence can be detected.Findings: The society recently has recognized the seriousness of retaliatory crimes in relation to Stalking, dating violence and domestic violence, and has actively strived for precautionary and responsive measures against retaliatory crimes with judicial authorities. Therefore the preventive system against recidivism of retaliatory crimes by using a IOT-based smart watch let received data from victims wearing a smart watch with sensors be transferred to a monitoring module. Particularly, not only having sensors, the smart watch has additional functions to record and film the scene automatically and to minimize an error range of location tracking and appoint a specific building position. Then, a chance of possible recidivism of retaliatory crime occurrences related to the received data from a smart watch is determined within the monitoring module. If any possible retaliatory crime occurrence is expected, a crime responding module is activated, otherwise, the received data is deleted. Furthermore, the collected data from the crime responding module and from those who are wearing a smart watch are stored in an integrated DB and are used to improve countermeasures against future retaliatory crimes.Improvements/Applications: The system can identify the chance of recidivism of retaliatory crimes in advance through a monitoring module and a smart watch equipped with various sensors. Furthermore, the crime responding module is performed in 4-phases, which ensures sufficient time for the police to be mobilized, delays criminal acts, minimize damage from the crimes and enables rapid countermeasures.
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Latypova, E. Yu, E. V. Nechaeva, E. M. Gilmanov, and N. V. Aleksandrova. "Infringements on Digital Information: Modern State of the Problem." SHS Web of Conferences 62 (2019): 10004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196210004.
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Continuous expansion of the scope of network information technologies application permanently create the background for the appearance of new threats to the security of individuals, society and the state, including information security. Especially dangerous are terrorist acts potential threats by using information resources in the appropriate infrastructure of society and the state individual institutions. The current state of the problem of criminal liability for trespass to digital information, their dynamics and impact on Russia's technological and industrial potential, as well as the negative consequences of committing crimes in the sphere of digital information are considered in the article. A wide use of information and communication technologies (ICT) is an integral requirement of time representing an indicator of the development of a modern economy, both private and national, i.e. state. However, an increase in the share of information crime interferes with the progressive development of ICT. When using the methodological approach in science, measures of general prevention, as well as measures of special prevention aimed at digital crime countering are singled out. The most effective of them are special preventive measures, such as the current criminal, criminal procedure and information legislation improvement; the judicial practice improvement; the creation of new and improvement of existing methods of investigation and prevention of digital security crimes; the qualified personnel training in the field of information security (including specialized research institutes and government agencies of the relevant areas); as well as the need to keep within the necessary information security limits by the users themselves, both in the workplace and in everyday communication. This article is devoted to discussing some of these special preventive measures.
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Wirkus, Łukasz. "The role of the family court in Poland in preventing manifestations of demoralization and juvenile delinquency on the example of preventive and re-socialization activities of probation officers." Polish Journal of Criminology 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.5787.
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The article in a holistic manner discusses the family court’s role in preventing the phenomenon of demoralization and crime in minors and presents the current space of cooperation of court probation officers with the family court through the prism of multi-context and multidisciplinary preventive and re-socialization activity. The article discusses educational and therapeutic measures as well as corrective measures taken by the court towards the minor and other possibilities of practical impact on his environment. The paper also includes an analysis of the scope of family probation in proceedings concerning young offenders. The proposed concept of interventions at the pre-judicial and judicial levels underlies the Council of Europe recommendations covering the principles of environmental involvement and continuity of care. The activity of the family court and the probation officer constitutes an important educational and re-socialization, preventive as well as repressive and control mechanism in the structures of justice in Poland.
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Den Boer, Monica. "Juggling the Balance between Preventive Security and Human Rights in Europe." Security and Human Rights 26, no. 2-4 (December 7, 2015): 126–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18750230-02602009.
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Within the European Union (eu), security issues are increasingly framed as risks and threats that can be controlled by preventive measures. The eu has established several agencies, legal instruments and databases to facilitate the prevention of crime, terrorism and irregular migration. This article takes stock of the way in which the eu seeks to balance the preventive security logic with its own human rights framework. While human rights can jointly be considered an evolving normative framework in the eu, there is a need to identify which human rights are at risk and how (non-) compliance ought to be monitored. The article states some concerns about equal access to human rights as well as the lack of a strong general oversight mechanism. Continued structural attention should be given to ex ante human-rights impact assessments and there needs to be more emphasis on regular external evaluations of human rights compliance ex post facto. In relation to the external action of the eu, the eu must practice what it preaches and needs to reflect critically on the necessity and proportionality of precautionary security measures.
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Filipenko, N., O. Uhrovetskyi, and O. Sharapova. "THEORETICAL BASES OF EXPERT PREVENTION: CONCEPT AND TASKS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 20, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2019.11.
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The article analyzes conceptual foundations, views and ideas concerning the essence of expert prevention. The relationship between the concepts of «prevention» and «prevention», which is in contact with each other, is investigated, because one of the main problems of the criminal investigation of the phenomenon of expert prevention is the ambiguity of both scientific understanding and the practical application of the corresponding conceptual-categorical apparatus. It is emphasized that the essence of expert prevention is the influence of the relevant subjects on crime through the use of special professional knowledge. That is, to the subject of forensic examination, should include studies of circumstances on the basis of which can be and should be developed scientific, organizational and technical measures of preventive nature. Proven that among the tasks of preventive nature, which can be solved by the staff of judicial-expert institutions, the development of aimed at forecasting in criminalistic aspects of circumstances contributing to the commission of crimes, taking into account the possibilities of certain types of expert research, should occupy an important place.
It is proved that the preventive activities of forensic institutions of Ukraine should be carried out: in the production of examinations in specific criminal, administrative or civil cases; by summarizing expert, as well as forensic investigative practices; in the process of research on expert prevention; by providing on the basis of special knowledge of scientific and practical assistance to government agencies and public organizations in identifying circumstances conducive to the commission of crimes.
In order to improve the quality of expert-preventive activities, the staff of the forensic institutions of Ukraine should pay maximum attention to the promotion of preventive activities among representatives of law enforcement and law enforcement agencies.
On the basis of the analysis, the author’s definition of expert prevention is given: the activity of a forensic expert based on the laws and by-laws of normative legal acts, aimed at revealing the circumstances contributing to the commission of a crime, and the development of measures for their elimination with the use of special knowledge.
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Dordiai, V. I. "GENERAL-SOCIAL PREVENTION OF ALLEGED MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGES ON THREATS TO CITIZENS’ SAFETY, DESTRUCTION, OR DAMAGE TO OBJECTS." Actual problems of native jurisprudence, no. 06 (March 2, 2020): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/3919112.
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The article looks at the main groups of measures to prevent deliberately false messages about threats to citizens’ security, destruction or damage to property at the social level. Social prevention includes a system of economic, political, legal, cultural and educational measures aimed at overcoming crisis processes in society, in particular, such as unemployment, social inequality, political tension, legal nihilism, moral decline and the spiritual crisis. The implementation of such measures also influences the factors that cause crime, which can reduce the level of the latter. It is emphasized that general social prevention has an important criminological aspect, because it is the foundation, the basis of special criminological prevention. Socio-economic measures to prevent deliberately misrepresenting threats to the safety of citizens, destroying or damaging property are analyzed. It is emphasized that these measures occupy one of the central places in the system of preventive activity of the general social level. It is stated that, according to the constitutional approach, socially oriented policy is a part of internal state policy. It is summarized that practically all socio-economic transformations of our society at the present stage belong to all-social crime prevention measures. The general social level of crime prevention is largely determined by the state of the state’s economy, political situation, and the level of material state of the population. Among the socio-political measures are highlighted overcoming the political crisis, resolving the military conflict, overcoming corruption in public authorities. The most important cultural and educational activities are the organization of leisure, educational work, promotion of healthy lifestyles and sports. As a conclusion, it is stated that socially oriented and economically justified state policy by itself contains a set of general social measures for prevention of crimes, including – deliberately false reports about threat to the safety of citizens, destruction or damage to property objects.
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Stasiūnienė, Jurgita, Viktoras Justickis, and Algimantas Jasulaitis. "Newborn Murder and its Legal Prevention." Health Policy and Management 1, no. 8 (July 3, 2015): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.13165/spv-15-1-8-05.
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A newborn’s murder committed by his/her mother always causes an exceptional emotional response in the society. The fact of neonaticide evokes emotions not only because a new life is the most vulnerable part of the society unable to defend itself, but also the mother’s aggression directed to her own “ flesh and blood” contradicts the laws of existence, denies the power of mother instincts, unconditional love for her children. The aim of the work is to study the legal regulation in Lithuania, prevalence, dynamics of this crime, its murder locations, social characteristics of offenders, possibilities of applying preventive, rehabilitative measures and the new prospects to enlarge the efficiency of the legal persecution of the neonaticide in Lithuania. The retrospective investigation was conducted in a period from 1990 to 2012 by examining depersonalised statistical cards provided by The Information Technology and Communications Department under the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of neonaticide was carried out in terms of a holistic generalisation of the issue, i.e., the infanticide situation in Lithuania has been investigated in depth, practical recommendations have been provided to introduce new concepts to the scientific doctrine, to adjust the existing legal acts on neonaticide and to develop new legal acts, as well as introduce preventive and rehabilitative measures. Results have shown that women, who murdered their first-day newborn at the time of delivery or shortly thereafter, were relatively young, with low education, without any profession or occupation at the time of the crime. The most common crime location is village, inside the residential place of a woman. Lithuania has not yet adopted a legal neonaticide prevention system. In Lithuania, the legal provisions relating to the murder of newborn should be improved.
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Hussin, Nasimah, and Majdah Zawawi. "Preventing Criminal Victimization in Ensuring Safe Cities: An Islamic perspective." Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 3, no. 7 (March 16, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i7.261.
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Crime prevention is considered as the main agenda of the government. Nevertheless, it has usually been overlooked that the victim him/herself can be the contributing factor to the criminal incident. The main problem is in educating the community on the preventive measures that could be taken in order to avoid victimization of individuals. Such suggestions are based on Islamic principles. Hence this paper discusses the preventive measures that can be observed by both individuals and the community to prevent criminal victimization.
Keywords: Criminal victimization; safe community; community inclusion; society and education
eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Zgryzek, Kazimierz. "Pozycja procesowa podejrzanego i pokrzywdzonego w postępowaniu w przedmiocie zastosowania środków zabezpieczających w kodyfikacji postępowania karnego z 1928, 1969 i 1997 r." Problemy Prawa Karnego 29, no. 3 (December 26, 2019): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/ppk.2019.03.04.
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The author analyses and compares the normative approaches to the participation of the suspected and victim in proceedings for using preventive measures in criminal procedure. While comparing regulations within the scope of his interest published in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the year 1928, 1969, and 1997, the author emphasizes the necessity of undertaking analyses through the prism of regulations included in Mental Health Act. He also indicates the necessity to protect the rights of the suspected and victim not only during the preparatory proceedings, but most of all during the proceedings for using preventive measures. He points to the fact that the prosecuted person, who has been charged with a crime, ought to be a subject to special protection stemming from his or her state of mental health. He postulates that in the course of pre-trial hearing lead in accordance with Article 354 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the participation of the parties – including the suspected person – should be treated as a rule, and only in exceptional cases the absence of the suspected with mental illness should be allowed. The author assesses negatively the regulation included in Article 354 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which allows for using preventive measures against the suspected person even when a court appointed psychiatrists claim that his or her participation in proceedings is unnecessary. He compares this regulation to the operations of “kangaroo courts”.
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Singgi, I. Gusti Ayu Suanti Karnadi, I. Gusti Bagus Suryawan, and I. Nyoman Gede Sugiartha. "Penegakan Hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Peretasan sebagai Bentuk Kejahatan Mayantara (Cyber Crime)." Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum 1, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jkh.2.1.2553.334-339.
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Along with technological developments, there are a lot of facilities available in cyberspace. The development of this technology can also provide opportunities for criminals, especially crimes in cyberspace. Cybercrime is a new form or dimension of a crime that is currently receiving a lot of attention from the international community. One type of cybercrime is hacking. Based on this background, this research was conducted with the aim of describing law enforcement against criminal acts of hacking and the efforts to deal with cybercrime. This research was conducted using normative legal research methods and statutory approaches. The results of this study showed that law enforcement against criminal acts of hacking is regulated in Law Number 19 of 2016 amending Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. The perpetrator will be given criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment and fines for violations in the field of hacking. In addition, efforts to eradicate cybercrime refers to the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions which is carried out with preventive and repressive measures. Therefore, the criminal act of hacking which is included in the realm of cybercrime has been regulated in Article 30 paragraph (1), (2) and (3) of the ITE Law, while the punishment is regulated in Article 46 paragraph (1), (2), and ( 3) of the ITE Law. In this regard, the government has taken various countermeasures in the form of preventive and repressive measures.
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Cheng, Xiang Xin, Jun Jie Guo, Yang Li, and Shuo Wu. "Discussion on Technical Defense against Piracy for Ocean-Going Ships." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 4540–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.4540.
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It is well known that Somali pirates frequently hijack ships, which has great negative impact on the global shipping industry. To crack down on the pirates’ abominable crime is a common challenge that all shipping practitioner face. The international community has paid close attention to the issue of piracy. In view of the present situation, the author gives a summarization of piracy attacks in recent years in this paper, further to analyze in detail the background and characteristics of frequent piracy attacks and provide some suggestions on the specific preventive measures to deal with the problem.
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Danilović, Nemanja. "The international legal character of genocide." Megatrend revija 17, no. 3 (2020): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/megrev2003079d.
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The paper is dedicated to genocide as one of the most challenging international crimes sanctioned by both national and international laws. The paper seeks to analyze the contemporary international legal character of genocide, its basic characteristics, features, and its consequences. The main purpose and the idea of this paper is to prove, through the analysis of this international crime, the extent of harm the genocide may cause to an ethnic, religious, racial, minority, or political group, and, at the same time, to draw attention of all subjects of international public law to the necessity of taking preventive and protective measures against genocide.
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Mota, A. "Forms of prevention of illegal migration by the State Border Service of Ukraine." Scientific and informational bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law named after King Danylo Halytskyi, no. 11(23) (June 11, 2021): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2021.11.23.79-87.
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Purpose. The purpose of the work is to analyze the theoretical and regulatory provisions relating to the definition of forms of preventive action to combat illegal migration and used in the protection of the state border. Methodology. The method covers the application of general theoretical and special methods of scientific knowledge aimed at processing the conclusions of the study. The dialectical method, system analysis, classification and grouping methods, as well as the sociological method are used in the work. Results. The use of the most appropriate and lawful preventive measures is associated with the definition of a scientifically sound system of crime prevention, detailed structural characteristics of which in the activities of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine to combat illegal migration are covered by two main blocks: procedural and operational. The procedural block concentrates such forms as operative-search activity, proceedings in cases of administrative offenses, proceedings on the application of forced return, forced expulsion and readmission of foreigners or stateless persons. The operational-service block covers the following forms: border service, border control, operational-search and information-analytical activity, engineering-technical control, complex preventive measures (operations). Scientific novelty. According to the results of the research, the system of forms of crime prevention in the activity of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine on counteraction to illegal migration is substantiated, which envisages procedural and operational-service blocks. Forms of the procedural block of prevention of illegal migration are characterized by the impact on the offense, which has a preventive value, as well as the focus on the restoration of the disturbed state. Operational and official forms of prevention of illegal migration are designed to prevent offenses, as well as their detection to ensure an appropriate procedural response. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in research work for further study of general and special issues of improving the fight against illegal migration, in the field of lawmaking - to improve the current administrative and migration legislation of Ukraine, in the educational process during the organization of educational activities and teaching administrative law. cycle, in law enforcement - to increase the efficiency of bodies and units of state border protection.
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Do, Thanh. "Review of the Specific Principles of the Activities and Responsibilities of the Procedural Bodies as the Ways to Ensure the Rights of Individuals and Citizens in the Application of Preventive Measures in Vietnam." Legal Concept, no. 4 (February 2021): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2020.4.21.
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Introduction: on November 27, 2015, the 10th session of the XIII National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam adopted the Code of Criminal Procedure, which entered into force on January 1, 2018. This has become an important legal basis for organizing the investigative and judicial activities aimed at combating crime, as well as for securing guarantees for the protection of human rights and citizens. The purpose of the study was to analyze a number of provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 2015, which set out the principles of activity and responsibilities of the procedural bodies, from the point of view of ensuring the protection of human rights when applying preventive measures. The achievement of the research goal is determined by solving the following tasks: revealing the fundamental principles of the activity of the procedural bodies, establishing the practical significance of their consolidation in the Code of Criminal Procedure of 2015. Applying the general scientific research methods, namely, comparing the current provisions of the legal acts, their generalization, the author drew the following conclusions: in order to ensure the protection of human rights and citizens in the application of preventive measures, to create conditions for their effective implementation in practical application in Vietnam, the Criminal Procedure Code of Vietnam of 2015 was supplemented with a number of relevant provisions, in particular, the specific principles of activity and responsibilities of the procedural bodies were fixed as the ways to ensure the rights of people and citizens when applying preventive measures.
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Busyro, Marwan. "Tinjauan Kriminologis Terhadap Preman yang Melakukan Kejahatan (Studi Kasus Polsek Batangtoru)." DOKTRINA: JOURNAL OF LAW 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/doktrina.v2i2.2614.
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This paper will write about crimes committed by thugs in criminological studies. The purpose of this study are the factors that cause thugs to commit crimes in Batangtoru and head sector police made by the Batangtoru police sector against thugs in Batangtoru. The research method is normative which studies the study of documents using secondary data such as statutory regulations. Based on the results of this study found factors causing thugs to commit crimes in Batangtoru regarding environmental factors, economic factors, educational factors, alcoholic drinks (alcohol). In addition, regarding crimes of thugs in Batangtoru such as the availability of free time that cannot be used for other activities, consumptive lifestyles that are accompanied by reduced work interest or job opportunities. Whereas the efforts to overcome thuggery in Batangtoru, namely the Batangtoru Sector Police, have taken preventive and repressive measures. In addition to preventive measures, the Batangtoru Police Station also took repressive efforts to crack down on thuggery actions that occurred in the community. Repressive efforts are carried out by carrying out street crime operations by raiding and cracking down on thugs in the community.<div> </div>
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Di Molfetta, Eleonora, and Jelmer Brouwer. "Unravelling the ‘crimmigration knot’: Penal subjectivities, punishment and the censure machine." Criminology & Criminal Justice 20, no. 3 (January 18, 2019): 302–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895818824633.
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This article explores the challenges that (cr)immigration practices pose to draw the boundaries of punishment by examining foreign national prisoners’ penal subjectivities. More exclusionary and draconian migration policies have blurred the boundaries between border control and crime control, creating hybrid forms of punishment that, even if officially claimed as measures outside the criminal justice realm, inflict pain and communicate censure. Drawing on 37 in-depth interviews with foreign national prisoners facing expulsion in the Dutch penitentiary facility of Ter Apel, we detail how hybrid (cr)immigration practices are capable of imposing and delivering meanings that go well behind rooted significances and aims of administrative measures. Traditionally designed with preventive purposes, administrative measures have now become part of a project of social exclusion and reaffirmation of the worth of citizenship. This circumstance raises problematic questions for the legitimacy of the criminal justice system in dealing with non-citizens.
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Sazonov, V. V. "DETERMINATION OF THE MAJOR THREATS TO UKRAINE’S ECONOMIC SECURITY AS A BASIS FOR THE ELABORATION OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES AGAINST ECONOMIC CRIME." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 58, no. 2 (2019): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2307-3322.58-2.34.
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Яковлева, Елена Олеговна, and Геннадий Иванович Плохих. "FEATURES OF VICTIMOLOGICAL PREVENTION OF ROAD CRIME." Вестник Тверского государственного университета, no. 3(63) (October 19, 2020): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtpravo/2020.3.058.
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В статье анализируется современное состояние неосторожной автодорожной преступности, актуализируется потребность научных изысканий в рассматриваемой области ввиду «осложнения» механизма совершения дорожно-транспортного преступления путем внедрения результатов научно-технического прогресса. Авторы утверждают о необходимости дальнейших научно-практических разработок в области мер предупредительного воздействия, оказываемых не только на виновников ДТП, но и на иных участников дорожного перемещения, способных своими действиями или бездействиями провоцировать аварийную, стрессовую ситуацию. Приводится обзор научных трудов авторов касаемо ступеней, сущности и задач индивидуальной профилактики автодорожной преступности. Ведутся рассуждения по поводу целей и уровней индивидуальной профилактики ДТП. Виктимологическая профилактика видится авторам отдельным, заслуживающим внимания направлением в области эффективного обеспечения безопасности дорожного движения в России. Приводятся конкретные предложения и рекомендации по предупреждению ДТП в общем, а также меры по работе с группами риска, относящимися к категории вероятных жертв ДТП. The article analyzes the current state of careless road crime, actualizes the need for scientific research in this area due to the " complication " of the mechanism of committing road traffic crime by implementing the results of scientific and technical progress. The authors assert the need for further scientific and practical developments in the field of preventive measures that are applied not only to the perpetrators of accidents, but also to other road users who can provoke an emergency or stressful situation by their actions or inactions. The article provides a scientific review of the authors ' scientific works concerning the stages, essence and tasks of individual prevention of road crime. There are discussions about the goals and levels of individual accident prevention. Victimological prevention is seen by the authors as a separate, noteworthy direction in the field of effective road safety in Russia. Specific suggestions and recommendations are made to prevent accidents in general, as well as measures to work with risk groups belonging to the category of likely victims of accidents.
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Arzt, Clemens. "Preventive Powers of Police in Namibia – A Rights-Based Approach." Verfassung in Recht und Übersee 52, no. 4 (2019): 504–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-2019-4-504.
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Namibia gained independence and ended the rule of apartheid only in 1990. It is often lauded as a model of human rights-based countries in Africa. Immediately after independence, the country introduced a distinctly rights-based Constitution with a broad Bill of Rights and also promptly laid the base for a modern police by enacting the Police Act of 1990. In that framework the Namibian Police are endowed with a broad set of ‘police powers’, i.e. means or measures of the police like questioning, arrest, search and seizure etc. ‘Preventive’ powers as a legally distinctive feature refers to law and order policing and prevention of crime, both clearly to be distinguished from investigation of criminal offences. Standards of human and fundamental rights protection developed under criminal procedure law are not directly applicable when it comes to the broad field of “preventive” powers of police. Subsequently these powers often lack a clear cut notional and legal concept, resulting in a deficit of predictability and delimitations despite of a rights based approach in the Constitution and the Police Act in general.
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Nazarova, Karina, Viktoriia Mysiuk, Volodimir Gordopolov, Viktor Koval, and Irena Danilevičienė. "PREVENTIONAL AUDIT: IMPLEMENTATION OF SOX CONTROL TO PREVENT FRAUD." Business: Theory and Practice 21, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2020.11647.
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The Euro-integration vector of Ukraine economic development and business in the open economy zone expands the economic and social potential of domestic enterprises and requires the formation of a reliable information environment to ensure the corporate interests of their investors (in the first) and other users of information (in particular). Today, corporate fraud is the most widespread form of economic crime in Ukraine and the world, which affects about 48% of domestic enterprises. The study attracted substantiated attention to the negative tendency towards the growth of economic crime in Ukraine, which in the end focuses on the fact that domestic business should apply a set of measures to withdraw part of the business from the “shadow economy”. As a result, such measures will help increase the attractiveness of Ukraine’s business investment. The study systematized and analyzed the progressive experience of developed countries, in the first place, the United States, in the fight against economic fraud. The study provides all grounds for asserting that it is quite feasible to achieve the tangible reduction of economic (financial) fraud with preventive measures (which is rather quick and effective). It is proved that the lack of aspirations of the enterprise management to overcome fraud leads to the formation of new money laundering schemes, and not control mechanisms – prevention of opportunities for committing fraud.
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Markina, Svetlana, Roman Artemov, Ekaterina Nosachevskaya, and Vladimir Panskov. "Countering Economic Crime in The Context of Globalization." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 07040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219207040.
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Research background: The criminalization of public relations in the context of economic globalization is one of the hallmarks of modernity. The study of world, Russian and regional trends and patterns of economic crime and its conditionality by globalization processes in the world are of particular relevance. The transformation of national crime into transnational international forms in the context of globalization of political, economic, information and communication processes is an integral part of globalization. And this reality confronts science with the need to develop measures to combat economic crime. Purpose of the article: the formation of an effective mechanism to prevent the spread and combat economic criminal activity. Methods: methods of expert assessments, macroeconomic assessments, methods of classification, grouping, economic and statistical analysis, methods of criminological forecasting. Findings & Value added: The proposed mechanism for preventing the spread and combating economic criminal activity will make it possible to make full use of preventive opportunities, timely and adequately respond to administrative and other offenses, to fully use administrative and legal means of influencing criminogenic factors and measures provided for by criminal procedure and other legislation ... In order to improve methods for assessing the effectiveness of internal affairs bodies in countering economic crimes, a model is proposed for assessing the results of the activities of territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, aimed at reflecting the activities of internal affairs bodies and individual employees by assessing the degree of achievement of their tasks. The introduction of the designated criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of the internal affairs bodies within the framework of the proposed model will make it possible to bring the existing system of assessing the activities of the internal affairs bodies closer to the goal of reforming the internal affairs bodies - focusing on public opinion and evaluation by the main consumer of law enforcement services - society.