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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Creep

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Academic literature on the topic 'Creep'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Creep"

1

Williams, M., D. Menon, and A. M. Prasad. "Flexural creep in plain concrete: State of the Art." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.519.

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Concrete, being a viscoelastic material, creeps with time causing additional strains and deflections in flexural members. Most of the studies in creep of concrete are based on long-term tests on plain concrete standard cylinders under axial compression, very limited studies have been reported on creep of concrete in flexure and direct tension. Whether the mechanism of creep in tension is different from creep in compression is still being debated. Numerous studies have been reported in the literature showing varied results with regard to the effects of creep in direct compression, direct tension and flexure. This paper provides a brief review of various creep tests on plain concrete reported and attempts to understand the effects of various parameters on the creep behaviour of concrete. Some studies reported that the creep in tension is higher than that in compression, whereas a few others obtained contradictory results from creep tests. This may be attributed to the fact that the relative creep behaviour in tension and compression is highly sensitive to the material composition, exposure conditions and loading level. The studies by various researchers on flexural creep in plain concrete are also discussed.

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Widjaja, Sujanto, Karl Jakus, Revti Atri, John E. Ritter, and Sandeepan Bhattacharya. "Residual surface stress by localized contact-creep." Journal of Materials Research 12, no. 1 (January 1997): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0028.

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When a ceramic material creeps under a localized stress and then cools under load, a portion of the creep flow stress is retained as a residual compressive stress due to elastic rebound being constrained by the creep zone. Localized contact-creep was used to generate residual compressive surface stress in soda-lime glass and two sintered aluminas. The Vickers indentation technique was used to measure the residual stress within the contact-creep area. Alumina with a higher elastic modulus than glass retained higher residual compressive surface stress. The results were in reasonable agreement with the predicted stress distribution given by finite element analysis.

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Menaya, Carmen M., P. R. English, S. A. Edwards, O. MacPherson, J. A. Roden, A. M. Robertson, and J. M. Vidal. "Evaluation of a simple adaptation to a farrowing pen designed to increase the comfort level of piglets in the narrow creep in the first 48 hours of life." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1991 (March 1991): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600020122.

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In commercial farrowing pens, creep areas for the piglets are often provided only at the front or on one side of the pen. Because of the strong bonding which newborn piglets have to the udder, such arrangements are often inadequate to attract piglets into the creep area where danger from hypothermia increase the suitability for the newborn piglet of farrowing pens with a typical commercial side creep design.The experiment was carried out in a commercial farrowing house with partially slatted, unbedded pens. These pens were of typical commercial ‘side creep’ design with a wide creep area on one side of the crate, and a narrow unheated area on the other. The wide creep area contained a tray with a bedding of shavings and was heated by a heat lamp. Experimental pens were adapted by placing diagonally the pen division separating the narrow creeps in two adjacent pens. This created a wider area at the front of one pen and at the rear of the adjacent pen (Fig 1). These areas were provided with a bedding of shavings and a heat lamp for the first 48 hours of life.

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Dan, Zhenhua, Jiafei Lu, Hui Chang, Ping Qu, Aifeng Zhang, Zhigang Fang, Yuecheng Dong, Ying Wang, and Lian Zhou. "High-Stress Compressive Creep Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V ELI Alloys with Different Microstructures." MATEC Web of Conferences 321 (2020): 11007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032111007.

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Influence of initial microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloys on their compressive creep behavior at ambient temperature was investigated with applying compression stresses from 695 to 1092 MPa The experimental results show that the basketweave alloys have better compressive creep resistances than those duplex ones. The constitutive equations in steady-state compressive creeps of duplex or basketweave structure are calculated to be =2.77×10-15(σ-710)2.1 and =2.36×10-14(σ-740)1.7 by fitting the linear regression creep curves after uniaxial compression tests. The noticeable compressive creep strains occur when the applied compression stresses are higher than the threshold stresses, i.e. 710 MPa for duplex Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloys and 740 MPa for basketweave alloys. Microstructural analysis indicates that the creep deformation of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloys at ambient temperature is mainly controlled by dislocation slip. The creep behavior of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy with duplex microstructure is controlled by dislocation slip, like slip dislocations with a-type Burgers vector sliding on the basal or prismatic planes and a few c+a type dislocation sliding on the pyramidal planes. While creep mechanism for basketweave ones is dislocation glide controlled by c+a type Burgers vector sliding on the pyramidal planes and a-type sliding on the basal or prismatic planes.

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Lv, Yaru, Feng Li, Yawen Liu, Pengxian Fan, and Mingyang Wang. "Comparative study of coral sand and silica sand in creep under general stress states." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 11 (November 2017): 1601–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0295.

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Coral sand has individual characteristics that differ from silica sand, such as creep behavior that is always attributed to particle crushing under high stress states. To understand the creep behavior of coral sand under general stress levels, three series of comparative triaxial tests relevant to the deviator stress, confining pressure, and relative density were performed on coral sand and silica sand creeping for more than 5 days. The volumetric, axial, and shear creeps of coral sand are considerably larger than those of silica sand, particularly under a relatively high confining pressure. The volumetric creep strain of coral sand was found to be contractive, but that of silica sand appeared dilative according to the creep time. This difference is not mainly governed by particle crushing in coral sand because the grain-size distribution prior to and after creep is similar. The grain skeletons were observed using a scanning electron microscope, finding that, independent of the grain size and shape, the coral grains include large amounts of cavities. The creep of coral sand under general stress conditions is mainly caused by particle interlocking, i.e., the angular regions of some particles interlock into the cavities of other particles due to particle rotation. This structuration is induced by breakage of asperities and voids during creep such as the local instability near cavities.

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Takahashi, Chika, Yutaka Ishimaru, Ikuho Iida, and Yuzo Furuta. "The creep of wood destabilized by change in moisture content. Part 2: The creep behaviors of wood during and immediately after adsorption." Holzforschung 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2005.008.

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Abstract The fluidity of wood remarkably increases during moisture changes. This phenomenon is termed mechano-sorptive creep. The mechanism of mechano-sorptive creep has been studied, including a previous report by our group. Here, creep tests in bending were carried out for wood during and immediately after adsorption of moisture and after a long moisture conditioning. The effects of the rate of moisture adsorption on creep were also examined. The results and conclusions are as follows: (I) Greater creep occurred immediately after the adsorption process as compared with that after a long moisture conditioning, whereas much greater creep occurred during the same adsorption process, similar to the case of drying. Therefore, during the changes in moisture, not only destabilization but also stabilization should occur simultaneously, so that the wood during the changing process is in a remarkably unstable state. (II) Smaller creep occurred immediately after a slower adsorption as compared with that immediately after a more rapid adsorption. This suggests that wood is more stabilized during a slower versus a more rapid adsorption process. However, difference in creep between the final stages of the slower and the more rapid adsorption process was scarcely found. This is considered to result from the difference in degree of stabilization caused by the different duration of both adsorptions. In other words, this result is only an outward appearance. (III) Greater creeps were recognized during larger changes in moisture content (Δu) during the adsorption processes corresponding to the drying process. Therefore, mechano-sorptive creep depends not only on Δu but also on the range of relative humidity (RH). Larger stabilization was found during the changing process of larger Δu.

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Jones, David. "Creep and anti-creep." Nature 400, no. 6740 (July 1999): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/22017.

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LIU, JI-HONG, XIANG-QI MENG, and JIN-QUAN XU. "CREEP CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONSHIPS AND CYCLIC BEHAVIORS OF Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5 UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 31n32 (December 30, 2008): 5438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208050620.

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As a lead-free solder, Sn 96.5 Ag 3 Cu 0.5 has a wide application in electronic packaging. Since the solder materials usually work under cyclic temperature surroundings, creep constitutive relationships and cyclic behaviors are necessary to carry out the thermal stress analysis of a package with such a solder for its strength and life evaluations. This paper has investigated the creep constitutive relationships by constant (non-cyclic) loadings firstly, based on the creep test results at various stress and temperature levels. The complete form of the constitutive relationship containing both the linear viscous and hyperbola-sine creeps is proposed. Secondly, through the tests under cyclic stress loadings, the cyclic stress-strain relationships have been illustrated.

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Innes, Martin. "Control Creep." Sociological Research Online 6, no. 3 (November 2001): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.634.

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Reacting to the attacks on September 11th and subsequently, governments in both the USA and UK have identified a need to enhance the social control apparatus in order to protect citizens from forms of ‘asymmetric warfare’ conducted by terrorist groups. These attempts to reform the provision of security and control cannot be understood in isolation. They are connected to a deeply entrenched process of ‘control creep’, whereby the social control apparatus progressively expands and penetrates (or ‘creeps’) into different social arenas, in response to a set of inchoate fears about a sense of security in late-modernity.

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Constantinescu, Dan Mihai, Radu Catalin Picu, Marin Sandu, Dragos Alexandru Apostol, Adriana Sandu, and Florin Baciu. "Behaviour of Epoxy Silica Nanocomposites Under Static and Creep Loading." ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis 69, no. 1 (December 20, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aucts-2017-0001.

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Abstract Specific manufacturing technologies were applied for the fabrication of epoxy-based nanocomposites with silica nanoparticles. For dispersing the fillers in the epoxy resin special equipment such as a shear mixer and a high energy sonicator with temperature control were used. Both functionalized and unfunctionalized silica nanoparticles were added in three epoxy resins. The considered filling fraction was in most cases 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 wt%.. The obtained nanocomposites were subjected to monotonic uniaxial and creep loading at room temperature. The static mechanical properties were not significantly improved regardless the filler percentage and type of epoxy resin. Under creep loading, by increasing the stress level, the nanocomposite with 0.1 wt% silica creeps less than all other materials. Also the creep rate is reduced by adding silica nanofillers.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Creep"

1

Djavanroodi, Faramarz. "Creep and creep-fracture crack growth." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47412.

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Whitt, Harrison Collin. "Creep and Creep-fatigue Deformation Studies in 22V and P91 Creep-strength EnhancedFerritic Steels." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555603135480185.

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Giannopoulos, Ioannis. "Creep and creep-rupture behaviour of Aramid fibres." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252181.

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To obtain creep-rupture data at low level within a reasonably short time-scale, two accelerated techniques have been investigated. Stepped Isothermal Method (SIM) testing involves loading a single specimen, under constant load, with the temperature increased in a series of steps to accelerate the creep. Careful choice of the temperature step and step duration allow the test to be completed in about 24 hours. At each temperature step a creep curve is obtained; these are then adjusted to compensate for the different temperature levels and a creep master curve at a reference temperature is produced. In Stepped Isostress Method (SSM) testing, a similar approach is adopted but the acceleration is obtained by increasing the stress in steps while keeping the temperature constant. Additional stress provides energy to the system in an analogue of the effect of heat in SIM. In this thesis, SIM and SSM tests have been successfully applied to two slightly different aramid fibres, Kevlar 49 and Technora, for a wide range of loads (50-80% ABL). The test data are used to determine the creep and creep-rupture behaviour of the two materials. The creep master curves obtained by accelerated testing are compared with conventional creep tests at ambient conditions, and good agreement of the data is observed. A rheological model for the prediction of the creep and creep-rupture of the two fibres is established to facilitate and greatly increase the reliability of the prediction of the long-term behaviour. This investigation allows more certainty about the creep-rupture relationships for different high modulus fibres, which will in turn allow more realistic safety factors to be applied when using these materials in engineering applications.

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Jones, J. P. "Creep and creep fracture of alpha/beta brass." Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637455.

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The uniaxial creep and creep fracture properties of α/β brass in air, have been determined over the stress range 9MPa - 185MPa at 523-673 K, using high precision constant stress creep testing machines. In the majority of cases, normal creep curves were recorded however, under certain conditions, due to the interactions of the two constituent phases some curves exhibited two areas of primary creep. Traditional Power Law analysis was carried out, and was found to be in agreement with published data. An alternative approach, known as the θ Projection Concept accurately described the accumulation of strain with time. Creep fracture was found to occur as a result of the accumulation of damage, primarily at α-β interfaces. To investigate the effect of varying stress states, biaxial creep testing was carried out at an effective stress of 140MPa at 523K. Using uniaxial and multiaxial test data, the θ Projection Concept was further developed to critically evaluate the damage processes occurring and their dependence on stress state. It was found that a damage at failure parameter, ω, decreased with increasing maximum principal stress.

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Abdallah, Zakaria. "Creep lifing methods for components under high temperature creep." Thesis, Swansea University, 2010. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43065.

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Hayes, Troy Allyn. "Creep and creep fracture of zirconium and zirconium alloys /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3123657.

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Thornton, Gail Marilyn. "Creep behaviour and creep mechanisms of normal and healing ligaments." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0023/NQ49542.pdf.

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Pearce, I. "Creep rupture and creep life prediction of aluminium airframe alloys." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638435.

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Aluminium alloys 2419-T851, 2124-T851 and 7010-T7351 are candidates to succeed the current airframe alloy, RR58. In the present work, high precision constant stress creep curves have been obtained for alloys 2419-T851 and 7010-T7351 over an approximate stress range 100-400MPa at 373-463K. In the case of alloy 2419-T851, the creep curves recorded were predominantly primary in nature, alloy 7010-T7351 exhibited predominantly tertiary curves, while creep curves reported ⁽²⁾ for 2124-T851 showed an intermediate curve shape. These results have been analysed to allow comparisons to be made between conventional methods of creep data representation and a new approach, termed the theta Projection Concept.

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Ward, A. R. "Creep and creep fracture of alpha + beta titanium alloy 6.2.4.6." Thesis, Swansea University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639344.

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High precision uniaxial constant stress creep tests were carried out at 773K for the α+β titanium alloy Ti 6.2.4.6. Repeat data at 580 MPa provided a unique opportunity to identify stochastic creep properties and to use this information to build a probabilistic creep damage assessment for this alloy. The stochastic nature of creep properties both at a single test condition (using a generalised gamma distribution) and at various test conditions (by combining this distribution with the Monkman - Grant relation) was identified. In addition, the theta prediction methodology was extended so that life predictions for materials operating under long service conditions can be made that also have a degree of confidence associated with them. Ways in which the theta model can be applied to the fatigue as well as the creep of all materials are also discussed. For comparison purposes two failure criteria are built into the stochastic model and the determinants of failure derived. This stochastic theta model is then used to investigate the nature of the creep failure time distribution for the Ti 6.2.4.6 alloy under constant uniaxial conditions. The corrosion resistance between 723K and 1123K of Ti 6.2.4.6 has also been investigated. There was evidence in favour of parabolic rather than linear increases in weight gain with time and the activation energy associated with parabolic oxidation was estimated at 216KJ/mol. The life of Ti-6246 in argon at 773K was found at certain stresses to be almost twice that obtained in air. This difference could not be explained by the loss of load bearing cross-section area following oxidation. Biaxial creep tests were also carried out at an effective stress of 800 MPa to determine the part taken by the stress state on damage and fracture in the 6.2.4.6 alloy.

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Girdwood, R. B. "Creep and creep recovery of the nickel-base superalloy Nimonic 105." Thesis, Swansea University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637059.

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Uniaxial constant stress creep tests have been performed on the wrought nickel-base superalloy Nimonic 105 at 1098, 1123, 1148, 1173 and 1198K over the stress range 50-450MPa. Entire creep curves were recorded and creep curve shapes analysed. Rejuvenative procedures were applied to pre-crept samples and creep recovery quantitatively assessed.

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Books on the topic "Creep"

1

Johanknecht, Susan. Creep. London: Gefn Press, 1997.

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de, Villiers H. L., ed. The physics of creep: Creep and creep-resistant alloys. London: Taylor & Francis, 1995.

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Betten, Josef. Creep Mechanics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04971-6.

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Battin, B. W. The Creep. New York: Fawcett Gold Medal, 1986.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Creep Mechanics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.

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Pelham, David. Crawlies creep. New York, N.Y: Dutton, 1996.

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Battin, B. W. The Creep. New York: Fawcett Gold Medal, 1986.

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Merritt, A. Creep, Shadow, Creep. Independently Published, 2021.

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Merritt, A. Creep, Shadow, Creep. Independently Published, 2018.

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Merritt, A. Creep, Shadow, Creep. Independently Published, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Creep"

1

Razdolsky, Leo. "Peculiarities of Phenomenological Models of Nanocomposites." In Creep, 130–78. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003267720-4.

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Razdolsky, Leo. "Phenomenological Creep-Fatigue Models." In Creep, 97–129. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003267720-3.

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Razdolsky, Leo. "Cumulative Damage Model (CDM) of Cyclic Creep-Fatigue Process." In Creep, 50–96. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003267720-2.

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Razdolsky, Leo. "Probabilistic Approach to Creep-Fatigue Models." In Creep, 179–222. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003267720-5.

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Razdolsky, Leo. "Introduction and Assumptions." In Creep, 1–49. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003267720-1.

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John, Vernon. "Creep and Creep Testing." In Testing of Materials, 78–89. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21969-8_7.

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Migoń, Piotr. "Creep." In Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards, 129–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_79.

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Verruijt, Arnold. "Creep." In An Introduction to Soil Mechanics, 157–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61185-3_19.

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Perron, J. Taylor. "Creep." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1–4. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9213-9_88-1.

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Chawla, Nikhilesh, and Krishan K. Chawla. "Creep." In Metal Matrix Composites, 283–309. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9548-2_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Creep"

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Fitzgerald, Peter. "Wireline "Creep"." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/118027-ms.

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Brinkman, C. R., M. K. Booker, and J. L. Ding. "Creep and Creep-Rupture Behavior of Alloy 718." In Superalloys. TMS, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/1991/superalloys_1991_519_536.

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Moore, Diane E., and Robert J. McLaughlin. "SERPENTINITE AND CREEP ALONG THE RODGERS CREEK FAULT, NORTHERN CALIFORNIA." In 116th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020cd-346167.

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Moore, Diane, and Robert J. McLaughlin. "SERPENTINITE AND CREEP ALONG THE RODGERS CREEK FAULT, NORTHERN CALIFORNIA." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-363779.

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Masuyama, F., and N. Komai. "Creep Failure Behavior of Creep-Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steels." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2577.

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Creep-strength enhanced ferritic steels such as Gr.92, Gr.122, Gr.23 and Gr.91 have recently been introduced for power plant applications, and some of these have experienced creep failure in boiler tubes and thick wall components after several years of operation. In order to use these steels safely in power plants, understanding of creep failure behavior is essential. In this study the creep failure of Gr.91 and Gr.92 boiler tube base metal and Type IV cracking of Gr.92, Gr.122, Gr.23 and Gr.91 welds were reproduced in test piece of actual components size. Creep failure mode was investigated, as was microstructural morphology during creep, particularly in the weldment, with discussion based on evidence of void formation and changes in the physical damage in terms of creep life.

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Kimura, Kazuhiro, and Kota Sawada. "Creep Deformation Property and Creep Life Evaluation of Super304H." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21623.

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Abstract Creep deformation behavior, creep strength property and microstructural evolution during creep exposure were investigated on Super 304H steel for boiler tube. In the high stress and lower temperature regime, creep rupture strength of Super 304H steel is higher than that of SUS304H steel. The slope of stress vs. time to rupture curve of Super 304H steel, however, becomes steeper with increases in creep exposure time and temperature, and the creep rupture strength of Super 304H steel becomes closer to that of SUS304H steel after the tens of thousands of hours at 700°C (1292°F) and above. In the short-term, at 600°C (1112°F), creep rupture ductility increases with increase in creep rupture life. However, it tends to decrease after showing this maximum value and the creep rupture ductility decreases with increase in temperature. The complex shape of creep rate vs. time curves, with two minima in creep rate, was observed at 600°C (1112°F). Several type precipitates of niobium carbonitride (Nb(C,N)), Z phase (NbCrN), and copper were observed in Super 304H steel, as well as M23C6 carbide and sigma phase observed in SUS304H steel. The change in slope of stress vs. time to rupture curve is caused by disappearance of precipitation strengthening effect during creep exposure. Accuracy of creep rupture life evaluation was improved by stress range splitting method which takes into account the change in slope of stress vs. time to rupture curves was demonstrated.

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Abe, Fujio. "Creep Deformation Parameters and Creep Life of Gr.91." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97319.

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The correlation between the creep deformation parameters and creep life has been investigated for Gr.91 by analyzing creep strain data at 450 to 725 °C, 40 to 450 MPa and tr = 11.4 to 68,755 h in the NIMS Creep Data Sheet. The creep life tr is correlated with the time to minimum creep rate tm as t r = 3.7 t m . Taking the stress dependence of tm / tr into account, the creep life could be predicted more reliably. The minimum creep rate ε̇min depends on both the tm and the strain to minimum creep rate εm as ε . min = 0.54 ε m / t m . The εm is evaluated to be 0.02 to 0.03 at high stresses at each temperature but it decreases with decreasing stress at temperatures above 550 °C, suggesting that the creep deformation in the transient region becomes more inhomogeneous with decreasing stress probably due to localized creep deformation within 1 μm in the vicinity of prior austenite grain boundaries. The downward deviation takes place in the the tr versus ε̇min curves (Monkman-Grant plot). At the same ε̇min, both the εm and tm change upon the condition of tm ∝ εm as can be seen from the above equation. The decrease in εm with decreasing stress, corresponding to decreasing ε̇min, causes a decrease in tm, indicating the downward deviation of the tr versus ε̇min curves.

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8

Kimura, Kazuhiro, Kota Sawada, and Hideaki Kushima. "Creep Rupture Ductility of Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steels." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25297.

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Creep rupture strength and ductility of Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic steels of Grades 23, 91, 92 and 122 was investigated with particular emphasis on remarkable drop in the long-term. Large difference in creep rupture strength and ductility was observed on three heats of Grade 23 steels. Remarkable drop of creep rupture strength in the long-term of T91 was comparable to those of Grades 92 and 122. Remarkable drop in creep rupture ductility in a stress regime below 50% of 0.2% offset yield stress was observed on Grade T23 steel, however, that of Grade P23 steel did not indicate any degradation of creep rupture ductility. Higher creep rupture ductility of Grade P23 steel was considered to be caused by its lower creep strength than that of T23 steels. Creep rupture ductility of Grades 92 and 122 steels indicated rapid and drastic decrease with decrease in stress at 50% of 0.2% offset yield stress. Stress dependence of creep rupture ductility of Grades 92 and 122 steels was well described by a ratio of stress to 0.2% offset yield stress, regardless of temperature. On the other hand, large drop in creep rupture ductility of Grade 91 steel was observed only in the very low stress regime at 650°C. Alloying elements including impurities and changes in precipitates may influence on creep rupture ductility, however, remarkable drop in ductility of the steels cannot be explained by chemical composition and precipitates. High ductility in the high stress regime above 50% of 0.2% offset yield stress should be provided by easy plastic deformation, and it has been concluded that a remarkable drop in ductility in the low stress regime is derived from a concentration of creep deformation into a tiny recovered region formed at the vicinity of grain boundary.

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9

"Predicting Long-Term Creep from Short-Term Creep Test." In SP-229: Quality of Concrete Structures and Recent Advances in Concrete Materials and Testing. American Concrete Institute, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/14728.

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10

Soma, A., G. De Pasquale, and M. M. Saleem. "Creep in MEMS." In 2014 Symposium on Design, Test, Integration and Packaging of MEMS/MOEMS (DTIP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dtip.2014.7056680.

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Reports on the topic "Creep"

1

Wright, Jill K., Laura J. Carroll, and Richard N. Wright. Creep and Creep-Fatigue of Alloy 617 Weldments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1168621.

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2

Dr. F. W. Brust, Dr. G. M. Wilkowski, Dr. P. Krishnaswamy, and Mr. Keith Wichman. Creep and Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth at Structural Discontinuities and Welds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/974286.

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3

Brenkus, Natassia, Garrett Tatum, Pedram Ghassemi, and Lautaro Martinez. Creep and Shrinkage of Nonproprietary Ultra-High Performance Concrete. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pci.rr.mat-014.

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Work to characterize the creep and shrinkage of UHPC has been mainly performed on proprietary or lab-formulated mixes; this report describes the first effort to characterize creep and shrinkage properties of UHPC mixes explicitly formulated for use in large-scale precast/prestressed operations. To provide better knowledge about UHPCs, the research group at The Ohio State University performed a comprehensive study on the creep and shrinkage behavior of five UHPC mixes developed for use in the precast/prestressed industry using non-proprietary, locally available materials. This report details the experimental effort and its findings.

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4

Ubic, Rick, Darryl Butt, and William Windes. Irradiation Creep in Graphite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1128528.

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5

JL Bump and RF Luther. Biaxial Creep Specimen Fabrication. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/884675.

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Frank E. Goodwin. Creep Resistant Zinc Alloy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/809087.

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7

Kennedy, C. R. (Irradiation creep of graphite). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6410826.

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8

Huneault, P. A. Relaxation Solutions For Creep. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132481.

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9

Marian, Jaime, Qianran Yu, and Giacomo Po. Creep model final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2315762.

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10

Rabiei, Afsaneh, Paul Bowen, Amrita Lall, Siddhartha Sarkar, Swathi Upadhyay, Suyang Yu, Jin Yan, Rengen Ding, and Hangyue Li. Creep and Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Mechanisms in Alloy709 — NEUPRC-3.2 (Final Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1511040.

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