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1
Jensen, Anthony, Greg Patmore, and Ermanno C. Tortia, eds. Cooperative Enterprises in Australia and Italy. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-868-2.
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This book arises from a three-year comparative research program concerning co-operative enterprises in Australia and Italy. The book explores the historical development, legal framework and the peak organisations of co-operatives in the two countries. Specific comparative chapters focus on consumer, credit, and worker-producer co-operatives. The book deepens the analysis of co-operatives by containing chapters that examine specific theoretical and empirical issues such as the theory of co-operative firms as collective entrepreneurial action. Monographic chapters include more in depth analysis of specific typologies of co-operatives, such as social and community oriented co-operatives, some of which were created to contrast organized crime in Southern Italy. The book concludes with an assessment of the implications of the project for public policy.
2
Kitty, Lieverse. Part II Investment Firms and Investment Services, 2 The Scope of MiFID II. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198767671.003.0002.
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In this chapter the main changes to the scope of MiFID in MiFID II are listed and discussed. MiFID II changes the scope of the supervision of investment firms and business related to this industry. The revision and—in some cases—extension of the definition of ‘financial instrument’ affects the scope of MiFID II supervision. Advisory and distribution services for structured deposits by investment firms and credit institutions have been brought within the scope of MiFID II. The scope of some exemptions to MiFID II has been revised. The broader scope of MiFID II has an effect beyond the applicability of MiFID II regulation: the prudential requirements are as a starting point linked to the MiFID II qualification, although with specific exemptions. Linking prudential supervision to the MiFID II qualification, rather than to the prudential risk profile of the underlying services and activities, is subject to review and reconsideration.
3
Estava, Marcela, and Xavier Freixas. Public Development Banks. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815815.003.0016.
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The market for credit to firms is believed to be plagued with imperfections that public development banks (PDBs) could alleviate, but it is not clear which market failures prevail, and which PDB activities are best suited to dealing with each of these failures. This chapter analyses one particular source of credit under-provision: the inability of banks to internalize the benefits of projects they might finance. A PDB may alleviate these credit inefficiencies by lending to commercial banks at subsidized rates or providing credit guarantees, targeting the firms that generate high added value as opposed to those with little credit history or low collateral. Direct lending by the PDB to the targeted industries could be superior to these subsidies to private lending, but only if the PDB’s corporate governance is strong. Whether subsidies or guarantees are preferred depends on the presence or absence of liquidity shortages or banks’ capital constraints.
4
Gerard, McMeel. Part V Deposit-Taking and Consumer Credit Conduct of Business, 17 Regulation of Consumer Credit Business by the Financial Conduct Authority. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705956.003.0017.
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This chapter discusses the Financial Conduct Authority's (FCA) regulation of the consumer credit industry. It begins with an introduction to the consumer credit regime. It then details the scope of regulated credit-related activities, covering the rules for entering into a regulated credit agreement; entering into a regulated consumer hire agreement; operating an electronic system in relation to lending; credit broking; and debt adjusting, debt-counselling, debt-collecting and debt administration. This is followed by discussions of the authorisation, supervision, and enforcement of credit-related activities and credit firms by the FCA; conduct of business standards; and the rights of action and complaints to the Ombudsman.
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Simon, Gleeson. Part III Investment Banking, 14 Trading Book—Models. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198793410.003.0014.
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The key to market risk is the calculation of position risk requirement (PRR). Basel 3 has radically changed the approach to the calculation of position risk for regulated firms, and this chapter deals with the ‘before and after’ element to it. A firm must calculate a PRR in respect of all its trading book positions, all foreign exchange positions, and all positions in commodities (including physical commodities) whether or not in the trading book. A firm must also be able to monitor its total PRR on an intra-day basis. The remainder of the chapter covers trading book eligibility under Basel 2.5, trading and market exposures, equity PRR and basic interest rate PRR for equity derivatives, commodity PRR, foreign currency PRR, option PRR, credit derivatives, and underwriting positions.
6
Coricelli, Fabrizio, and Marco Frigerio. Liquidity Squeeze on SMEs during the Great Recession in Europe. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815815.003.0005.
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We find that European SMEs significantly increased their net trade credit to sales ratio during the Great Recession. For the aggregate of SMEs, trade credit did not provide any buffer to the contraction in bank loans. In fact, through increased net trade credit, SMEs suffered a squeeze in their liquidity and this phenomenon reflects the weak bargaining power of SMEs in their trade credit relationship with larger firms. Therefore, increased net trade credit by SMEs does not reflect an efficient reallocation of credit, and it calls for policy actions. These policy actions are highly relevant, given that the liquidity squeeze had significant adverse effects on the real performance of SMEs, contributing to the recession and to the subsequent timid recovery of European economies. We explore various policies that could be implemented to relieve SMEs from the liquidity squeeze induced by the increase in their receivables.
7
Gardner, Heidi. Teamwork and Collaboration in Professional Service Firms. Edited by Laura Empson, Daniel Muzio, Joseph Broschak, and Bob Hinings. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199682393.013.21.
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The nature of teamwork in professional service firms, as in many other knowledge-intensive environments, is evolving from highly structured project teams to more fluid, open-ended, peer-to-peer collaboration such as that between powerful, high-autonomy partners. This shift is especially challenging because senior-level collaboration requires peers from different practice groups or offices with different sub-cultures to negotiate task allocation, credit recognition, and decision-making norms, which can be difficult and politically charged. Increased partner-level collaboration is further complicated by other trends in the PSF arena such as expertise specialization, heightened professional mobility, and increased competition. Yet, this phenomenon remains largely under-researched and under-theorized. The chapter therefore lays out a research agenda focusing on opportunities to better understand peer collaboration in PSFs. In addition, the chapter identifies ways that recent changes in the professional sector challenge our understanding of traditional teamwork, and it identifies specific gaps that deserve scholarly attention.
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Battilossi, Stefano, Alfredo Gigliobianco, Giuseppe Marinelli, and With The Cooperation Of Sandra Natoli and Ivan Triglia. Resource Allocation by the Banking System. Edited by Gianni Toniolo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199936694.013.0017.
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In Italy's bank-oriented financial system, bank credit is the most important source of external finance for firms. The allocative efficiency of banks is therefore a critical element underlying the overall performance of the economy. This chapter focuses on credit allocation across industrial sectors with different growth opportunities, as revealed by stock market data. We constructed a unique database which includes annual data on bank credit to different sectors and data on listed firms from 1948 to 2009. We assume that average sectoral price/earnings ratios are a proxy for growth opportunities, and that an efficient allocation of credit takes into account the variation of such opportunities. Our results confirm the hypothesis that, after a good start in the Fifties and Sixties, the following two decades, characterized by an excess of regulation (mixed with robust doses of political interference), saw a decline in the performance of the banking system. We also find evidence that after the financial liberalization of the early Nineties the allocative efficiency (across sectors) of the banking system increased. The present structural difficulties of the Italian economy do not depend, therefore, on the ability of the banks to select the industrial sectors to which to lend money.
9
Gandy Jr., Oscar H. The Panoptic Sort. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197579411.001.0001.
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The Panoptic Sort was published in 1993. Its focus was on privacy and surveillance. But unlike the majority of publications addressing these topics in the United States at the time that were focused on the privacy concerns of individuals, especially those related to threats associated with government surveillance, that book sought to direct the public toward the activities of commercial firms. The Panoptic Sort was intended to help us all to understand just what was at stake when the bureaucracies of government and commerce gathered, processed, and made use of an almost unlimited amount of personal and transaction-generated information to manage social, economic, and political activities within society. While the first edition provided numerous examples from marketing, employment, insurance, credit management, and the provision of government and social services, the second edition extends descriptions of the technologies that have been developed and incorporated into the panoptic sort in the nearly thirty years since its initial publication. Assessments of the implications for democracy that many associate with the possibility of an algorithmic Leviathan, invite a reconsideration of Jacques Ellul’s distressing predictions about the future that ended the first edition of The Panoptic Sort.
10
Martell, Christine R., Tima T. Moldogaziev, and Salvador Espinosa. Information Resolution and Subnational Capital Markets. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190089337.001.0001.
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This book theorizes that information is a critical factor for subnational government (SNG) capital market formation and development. It empirically tests the stated relationship between information resolution institutions and mechanisms of information resolution on SNG borrowing. Based on empirical results, analyses of underlying fundamentals of city credit quality, and the study of contexts of information resolution reforms, the book recommends policy measures for central governments, regional and local governments, and financial sector firms to build capital markets for subnational borrowing. As subnational governments across the globe, especially cities, bear increasing pressures to provide critical capital infrastructure, responsibilities for the provision of local infrastructure resulting from decentralization efforts and population demands, the need for a wider array of internal and external resources, including bond market alternatives, become a priority. With information resolution, access to capital market financing becomes a feasible option of regional and local government finance. The evidence reported in this book demonstrates that SNG access to capital market financing depends on credit contractibility, which is the nation’s capacity of information resolution. The bases of credit contractibility are transparency of credit information, depth of credit information, dissemination, and regulatory quality. Evidence also shows that the informational content of underlying credit quality is a significant covariate of city-level borrowing and debt composition. Based on empirical findings and focusing on cities, the book argues that SNGs can and should strengthen their agency vis-à-vis the public and financial sector actors, in an environment where global capital is increasingly intertwined with the provision of critical infrastructure finance. Agency is necessary for city policymakers not only to achieve their key governance tasks efficiently, but do so effectively and equitably, consistent with the demands of the citizenry.
11
Inscoe, John C. Movie-Made Appalachia. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469660141.001.0001.
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While Hollywood deserves its reputation for much-maligned portrayals of southern highlanders on screen, the film industry also deserves credit for a long-standing tradition of more serious and meaningful depictions of Appalachia’s people. Surveying some two dozen films and the literary and historical sources from which they were adapted, John C. Inscoe argues that in the American imagination Appalachia has long represented far more than deprived and depraved hillbillies. Rather, the films he highlights serve as effective conduits into the region’s past, some grounded firmly in documented realities and life stories, others only loosely so. In either case, they deserve more credit than they have received for creating sympathetic and often complex characters who interact within families, households, and communities amidst a wide array of historical contingencies. They provide credible and informative narratives that respect the specifics of the times and places in which they are set. Having used many of these movies as teaching tools in college classrooms, Inscoe demonstrates the cumulative effect of analyzing them in terms of shared themes and topics to convey far more generous insights into Appalachia and its history than one would have expected to emerge from southern California’s “dream factory.”
12
Whitehead, Kevin. Play the Way You Feel. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190847579.001.0001.
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This book—both a narrative and a film directory—surveys and analyzes English-language feature films (and a few shorts and TV shows/movies) made between 1927 and 2019 that tell stories about jazz music, its musicians, its history and culture. Play the Way You Feel looks at jazz movies as a narrative tradition with recurring plot points and story tropes, whose roots and development are traced. It also demonstrates how jazz stories cut across diverse genres—biopic, romance, musical, comedy and science fiction, horror, crime and comeback stories, “race movies” and modernized Shakespeare—even as they constitute a genre of their own. The book is also a directory/checklist of such films, 67 of them with extensive credits, plus dozens more shorter/capsule discussions. Where jazz films are based on literary sources, they are examined, and the nature of their adaptation explored: what gets retained, removed, or invented? What do historical films get right and wrong? How does a film’s music, and the style of the filmmaking itself, reinforce or undercut the story?
13
George, Walker, Purves Robert, and Blair Michael. Part III Financial Sectors and Activities, 20 Home Finance Transactions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198793809.003.0020.
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This chapter examines the regulatory regime for building societies in their capacity as lenders and for home finance transactions, which includes lending on mortgage secured on domestic property, home purchase business, and home reversion business. It begins with a discussion of the supervision and regulation of building societies before the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (FSMA) and under FSMA. It then considers some key developments relating to the regulation of mortgage and home finance business, including the European Commission's introduction of the Mortgage Credit Directive and the replacement of the Financial Services Authority by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA). The chapter also analyses the regulation of the consumer buy to let mortgage business, home reversion plans, home purchase plans, and regulated sale and rent back agreements before concluding with a review of the Prudential Sourcebook for Mortgage and Home Finance Firms and Insurance Intermediaries.
14
Hansmann, Henry, and Richard Squire. External and Internal Asset Partitioning. Edited by Jeffrey N. Gordon and Wolf-Georg Ringe. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198743682.013.3.
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This chapter analyzes the economic consequences of external and internal asset partitioning, and it considers implications of this analysis for creditor remedies. External partitioning refers to the legal boundaries between business firms and their equity investors, while internal partitioning refers to the legal boundaries within corporate groups. The chapter begins by cataloguing the benefits and costs of corporate partitioning; it then employs this catalogue to analyze the relative economics of external and internal partitioning. Non-partitioning functions of subsidiaries are also identified. The chapter then considers whether cost-benefit analysis predicts how courts actually apply de-partitioning remedies, with particular emphasis on veil piercing and enterprise liability. The chapter concludes by arguing that courts should employ the distinction between external and internal partitioning when applying creditor remedies that disregard corporate partitions, and it identifies factors—in addition to whether a partition is internal or external—that courts should consider when deciding whether to de-partition.
15
Ioannis, Kokkoris, and Olivares-Caminal Rodrigo. 15 The Operation of the Single Resolution Mechanism in the Context of the EU State Aid Regime. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198754411.003.0015.
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This chapter addresses the initiatives of the European Commission to maintain the financial stability of the banking sector. It analyses the regulatory reforms on bank recovery and resolution introduced by the EU aimed at creating a Banking Union, and provides an overview of the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD) by taking into account the crisis management tool innovations. It also offers a critical appraisal of the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM). The initiatives examined here are envisaged in a two-pronged approach: through the uniform rules of the Banking Union and in a uniform procedure for the resolution of credit institutions and certain investment firms in the framework of a Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM) and a Single Resolution Fund (SRF) on one hand, and its interrelation with the state aid rules of the Treaty for the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) on the other.
16
Caps, John. The Music Factory. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036736.003.0004.
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This chapter details events following Mancini's employment as a Universal Studios staff composer in 1952. The Universal Studios staff composers were a highly organized, well-oiled team, able to score any sort of film, any story or setting, albeit with fairly generic music and always in a rush. Mancini's daily routine at Universal, studying the clichés of Hollywood storytelling music, was the perfect on-the-job training for his career to come. Among his first assignments was to score the studio's glamorous two-reeler films with titles like The World's Most Beautiful Girls, Fun for All, and Calypso Carnival. The first feature-length film receiving more than a handful of music cues from Mancini was called Willie and Joe Back at the Front (1952). As a sign of growing confidence, conductor Joseph Gershenson gradually gave Mancini a shot at writing the opening main title music for several films, including The Raiders, All I Desire, and City Beneath the Sea. Mancini's first onscreen credit would come as an arranger in 1954 for the Universal bio-pic musical The Glenn Miller Story.
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Soledad Martinez Pería, María, and Sergio L. Schmukler. Understanding the Use of Long-Term Finance in Developing Countries. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815815.003.0004.
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This chapter reviews recent evidence on the use of long-term finance in developing countries (relative to developed ones) to try to identify where short- and long-term financing occurs, and what role different financial intermediaries and markets play in extending this type of financing. Although banks are the most important providers of credit, they do not seem to offer long-term financing. In fact, loans in developing countries have significantly shorter maturities than those in developed countries. Capital markets have become increasingly sizable since the 1990s and can provide financing at fairly long terms. But just a few large firms use these markets. Only some institutional investors provide funding at long-term maturities. Incentives for asset managers are tilted toward the short term due to constant monitoring. Instead, asset-liability managers have a longer-term horizon, as foreign investors in developing countries do. Governments might help expand long-term financing, although with limited policy tools.
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Willem (Pim), Rank, and Silverentand Larissa. 22 The Netherlands. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808589.003.0022.
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This chapter discusses the law of set-off in the Netherlands. Under Dutch law, set-off operates as a mechanism for discharging claims. It allows a debtor to discharge his claim by reducing or extinguishing his creditor's claim by the amount of his cross-claim. There is no special regime for set-off clauses in finance documentation in the Netherlands. The chapter first provides an overview of set-off between solvent parties, focusing on statutory set-off, contractual set-off, and current account set-off. It then considers set-off against insolvent parties, taking into account the cooling-off period in bankruptcy, before turning to the so-called actio pauliana. It also explains specific provisions of the EU Collateral Directive aimed at protecting close-out netting provisions in a financial collateral arrangement. Finally, it analyses set-off in recovery and resolution of credit institutions and investment firms, along with issues arising in cross-border set-off.
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Godsey, William D. Resilience in the Contest with France, 1792–1815. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809395.003.0011.
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The reformed structures of composite monarchy would serve the Habsburg cause well in the struggle with the highly centralized French state. The Estates again managed the routine structures of ordinary taxation and the imposition of much extraordinary taxation; and they interposed their credit on behalf of the government. The War of the Second Coalition (1799–1801) would be another highpoint in the history of their financial mediation. The Estates helped preserve Habsburg authority during Napoleon’s occupation of Vienna and large swathes of the central lands on two occasions. That the government did not wobble in any significant way or the population succumb to the siren calls of the French is also attributable to the Habsburg regime’s firm base in the landowning classes as represented by the Estates.
20
Holliday, Christopher. The Computer-Animated Film. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427883.001.0001.
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The Computer-Animated Film: Industry, Style and Genre is the first academic work to examine the genre identity of the computer-animated film, a global phenomenon of popular cinema that first emerged in the mid-1990s at the intersection of feature-length animated cinema and Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI). Widely credited for the revival of feature-length animated filmmaking within contemporary Hollywood, computer-animated films are today produced within a variety of national contexts and traditions. Covering thirty years of computer-animated film history, and analysing over 200 different examples, The Computer-Animated Film: Industry, Style and Genre argues that this international body of work constitutes a unique genre of mainstream cinema. It applies, for the very first time, genre theory to the landscape of contemporary digital animation, and identifies how computer-animated films can be distinguished in generic terms. This book therefore asks fundamental questions about the evolution of film genre theory within both animation and new media contexts. Informed by wider technological discourses and the status of animation as an industrial art form, The Computer-Animated Film: Industry, Style and Genre not only theorises computer-animated films through their formal properties, but connects elements of film style to animation practice and the computer-animated film’s unique production contexts.
21
Filimon, Monica. Interview with Cristi Puiu. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040764.003.0002.
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This extended interview with Cristi Puiu tries to intertwine several thematic threads: Puiu’s biography, including his experience with his different films; his involvement in, and reaction to, historical events; and his artistic credo. It includes a discussion of important moments such as the 1989 uprising against the communist regime, the 1990 protest against the neo-communists taking hold of power, or the different confrontations between the young and old generations within the film industry. It also gives ample space to Puiu’s discussion of his religious views of the sacred and the role cinema can play in building bridges among people
22
Gray, Barbara, and Jill Purdy. Three Diverse Examples of Multistakeholder Partnerships. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782841.003.0004.
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This chapter presents three very different partnership cases. The first focuses on partnerships among Rabobank, the second largest Dutch bank known for investments in food and agriculture worldwide, and two NGOs who worked with it to develop a climate-neutral credit card and to improve its investment portfolio’s carbon footprint. The second case addresses the collaborative design of a relicensing process for hydroelectric plants regulated by the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). To improve the efficiency and equity of the relicensing process, FERC engaged in a collaborative governance process with stakeholders that produced new, widely legitimate relicensing procedures. The third reviews the IMF’s extended effort to build a partnership to address conflict over water contamination by a Peruvian gold mine. With many diverse local stakeholders and a resistant mining firm, this partnership struggled to achieve its goals. The case emphasizes the role of conveners, raising questions about partnering across power differences.
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Durkin, Hannah. Josephine Baker and Katherine Dunham. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042621.001.0001.
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This book investigates African American dancers Josephine Baker and Katherine Dunham’s self-inventions on screen and in writing to map the intellectual underpinnings and visual impact of their art. Baker was the first Black woman to enjoy a starring role in mainstream cinema and Dunham was the first Black choreographer to be credited for her screen work. Equally, they were the first well-known African American women to produce multivolume accounts of their lives, and their writings serve as valuable firsthand documents of Black women’s interwar experiences. Why did Baker and Dunham enjoy such groundbreaking literary and cinematic careers? What do such careers tell us about the challenges and opportunities that they encountered as African American women seeking to navigate midcentury geographical and cultural boundaries? Why did they turn to life writing and the screen and on what terms were they able to engage with these mediums as Black women? How did contemporary Black screen audiences receive their work? Where do Baker and Dunham’s films and writings fit into African American literary and cinematic histories and why are they largely absent from these histories? This book investigates these questions. In so doing, it uncovers the cultural significance of Baker and Dunham’s films and writings and interrogates their performances within them to recover their authorship.
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Murphy, Brett, Andrew Edwards, CP (Mick) Meyer, and Jeremy Russell-Smith, eds. Carbon Accounting and Savanna Fire Management. CSIRO Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643108523.
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In the context of Australia’s developing carbon economy, fire management helps to abate emissions of greenhouse gases and is an important means of generating carbon credits. The vast high-rainfall savannas of northern Australia are one of the world’s most flammable landscapes. Management of fires in this region has the potential to assist with meeting emissions reduction targets, as well as conserving biodiversity and providing employment for Indigenous people in remote parts of Australia’s north.
This comprehensive volume brings together recent research from northern Australian savannas to provide an internationally relevant case study for applying greenhouse gas accounting methodologies to the practice of fire management. It provides scientific arguments for enlarging the area of fire-prone land managed for emissions abatement. The book also charts the progress towards development of a savanna fire bio-sequestration methodology. The future of integrated approaches to emissions abatement and bio-sequestration is also discussed.
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Haberly, Daniel, and Dariusz Wójcik. Sticky Power. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870982.001.0001.
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Modern civilization revolves around money. However, money is a paradox. It is nothing more than a representation of and medium for decentralized networks of social trust, but its production is controlled by highly centralized networks of firms, places, and governments, and there is never enough of it to go around. Moreover, given that the creation of money, as credit, is based on expectations, money is at its heart an instrument for human agency to change the future. At the same time, however, the financial systems that produce money are deeply rooted in the past, and perpetuate themselves through history. This book seeks to deepen our understanding of the paradox of money, by introducing a novel conceptual lens—that of Global Financial Networks—to cast new light on the geography, history, politics, and sociology of finance from the middle ages to the global financial crisis and beyond. It shows that the power of finance is inherently “sticky”; with what are generally assumed to be new innovations such as “offshore” finance actually dating back centuries, and the architecture of global financial networks more broadly adapting to the rise and fall of empires and new technologies while changing surprisingly little in their basic character; or at most changing very slowly. A recognition of the mechanics of this durability, it is argued, calls for a new approach to reforming finance which is less reactively focused on regulation, and more proactively focused on building new institutional systems with a long-term “sticky power” of their own.
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Street, Sarah. A Suitable Job for a Woman. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039683.003.0016.
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This chapter examines Natalie Kalmus's role as an ambassador for Technicolor Corporation during the 1930s and 1940s. Kalmus became involved in Technicolor through her husband Herbert Kalmus, who founded the company in 1915 with Daniel Comstock and W. Burton Westcott. She was credited as “color consultant” on most Technicolor films from the late 1920s to 1949. Drawing on her papers by the Margaret Herrick Library in Los Angeles, this chapter considers Kalmus's record and somewhat controversial legacy as a woman commanding an extremely important place in the history of color film. It explores how, as a public figure and advocate of color, Kalmus wielded influence beyond film production, advising women to wear particular colors to go with their hair and mood. It shows that Kalmus was exemplary of a mode of employment created and perpetuated by gendered assumptions about color expertise.
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Pimblott, Kerry L. Black Power and Black Theology in Cairo, Illinois. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039997.003.0006.
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This chapter argues that the thesis of Black Power's de-Christianization must be tested on the ground, with scholars paying attention to local struggles as they evolved over time, and in response to changing social and economic conditions. It follows the religious contours of Cairo's black freedom struggle from the 1950s to the 1970s to illustrate that while Black Power's reliance upon the black church was consistent with earlier campaigns, the United Front's theology nevertheless reflected a significant departure from the established Civil Rights credo. Whereas civil rights leaders expressed a firm belief in the redemptive power of Christian nonviolence and moral suasion to topple the walls of segregation, Cairo's Black Power advocates were less optimistic.
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Toniolo, Gianni, ed. The Oxford Handbook of the Italian Economy Since Unification. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199936694.001.0001.
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A new economic history of Italy since the country's political unification in 1861. New data and interpretations by leading international economic historians and brilliant young Italian economists to reconsider the relatively little-known story of a latecomer to "modern economic growth", who rapidly caught up with the advanced Western countries. Fresh research includes: a new set of national accounts covering the entire period 1861-2011, standard of living indicators (including income distribution from the late nineteenth century onward), productivity levels and growth rates, human and social capital, migrations, real exchange rates and changes in comparative advantages, firm size, patents, the evolution of public debt, measures and explanations of the regional divide, the allocation of credit, and data on the changing efficiency of the administrative system. The book takes a strong comparative stance to illuminate the traits of Italy's growth pattern that are common to the Western experience of "modern economic growth" and those that are idiosyncratic to the Peninsula, as well as to see how and when this medium-sized open economy successfully rode the expansionary waves of the world economy. In this vein, the book explains the rapid catch-up growth during both the pre-1914 first globalization and the second post-war "golden age" of Western capitalism, as well as the less satisfactory performances in the first decades after unification and during the recent "second globalization".
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Brummer, Alex. The Great British Reboot. Yale University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300243499.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Taking a refreshingly realistic approach, this book outlines how our current moment can be reshaped into an unprecedented opportunity for economic prosperity. With a new long-term approach, Britain can capitalize on the ever-changing global market, its brilliant research universities, and new technological developments. The book creates an inspiring investigation into how careful planning and innovative reform can lead to a flourishing economy after Brexit. It begins with an examination of the contributions made by the activities that make the UK economy, such as the progress in research, pharmaceuticals, technology, software, and innovation, which can be traced back to the intellectual powerhouses of UK's institutions of higher learning. It cites finance as the highest UK earner of overseas income and a magnet for international institutions. The book describes London as the biggest financial centre outside New York, which has attracted even greater numbers of skilled financial traders since the EU referendum result of 2016. It also explains how the UK financial sector accommodated trading, provided credit, and raised new capital for troubled firms and those seeking post-Covid-19 opportunities. The book emphasizes the profound impact that Brexit has had on British and global trade and production associated with the coronavirus pandemic. It explores the little recognition given to the part that immigration has played in the advancement of the UK economy, and points out the latest long-term projections cite migration as one of the reasons why the UK economy will outpace that of France and other EU members in the 2020s. The book recounts that when Britain voted to leave the EU in June 2016, very few people envisaged the long timescale involved in navigating its departure. It analyses the Brexit disarray on all sides of the political and economic divide, and highlights interventions made by the UK government to put the economy on hold, so that when the pandemic has passed the economy can be brought back to life.