Relevant bibliographies by topics / Credit supply. Bank lending channel

Academic literature on the topic 'Credit supply. Bank lending channel'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Credit supply. Bank lending channel"

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ÖZŞUCA, Ekin Ayşe. "Revisiting the bank lending channel in Turkey under the unconventional monetary policy framework." Business & Management Studies: An International Journal 10, no. 3 (September 25, 2022): 1011–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v10i3.2099.

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This paper provides empirical evidence regarding the bank lending channel under Turkey's unconventional monetary policy framework. Towards this end, the impact of changes in monetary policy stance on bank credit growth is investigated using a dynamic panel data modelling approach between 2011 and 2019. The empirical results reveal cross-sectional heterogeneity in the loan supply of Turkish banks following a change in monetary policy, which implies an operative bank lending channel in the post-2010 period of the policy mix. Small, liquidity-constrained, and inadequately capitalized banks tend to experience sharper contractions in their lending during monetary policy tightening episodes. Besides, in terms of bank-specific characteristics, the findings demonstrate that larger bank size and capital is associated with a higher loan supply. On the contrary, liquidity is found to harm bank lending.
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Liberti, José María, and Jason Sturgess. "The Anatomy of a Credit Supply Shock: Evidence from an Internal Credit Market." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 53, no. 2 (April 2018): 547–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109017000837.

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We investigate how financial contracting interacts with lending-channel effects by tracing the anatomy of a credit supply shock using micro-level data from a multinational bank. Borrowers with stronger lending relationships, higher nonlending revenues, and those that pledge collateral, especially outside assets and real estate, experience less credit rationing. Consistent with a tightening of financing constraints post shock, borrower composition shifts toward larger and less risky firms, and loans exhibit higher collateralization rates. Our analysis highlights the value of relationships and suggests that relationship banking is a channel through which borrowers can mitigate lending-channel effects.
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ISSAOUI, Ibtissem, and Mahmoud-Sami NABI. "Liquidity Shocks and The Bank Lending Channel: Evidence from Lower-Middle Income Economies." International Journal of Business and Management Research 10, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijbmr.100202.

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This paper examines the impacts of central banks’ liquidity injections on commercial banks’ credit supply in thirty-two lower-middle income economies over the period 1990 until 2020. We use a SVAR panel model to analyze the dynamic interactions between the central bank balance sheet policy, bank liquidity, and bank lending. The results show that liquidity injections have a non-significant impact on the credit to the private sector and a persistent positive impact on banks’ liquid reserves. These results confirm the inefficiency of the bank lending channel in transmitting the central bank balance sheet monetary policy to the real economy in the considered LMIC’s.
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Ma, Zhong Hua. "Bank Lending and Trade Credit: Evidence from Chinese Firms." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 1470–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.1470.

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The determinants and roles of bank lending, which is formal financing channel and outsides the supply chain, and trade credit, which is informal financing channel and insides the supply chain, are analyzed here through listed firms in China over 2006-2009. In our model we consider the trade credit as a complementary role and more important for small firms. Also with the firms different industry classified, we give the performance of bank lending and trade credit respectively. The estimation results and analysis are given detailed in our paper.
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Milcheva, Stanimira. "A bank lending channel or a credit supply shock?" Journal of Macroeconomics 37 (September 2013): 314–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2013.03.004.

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Cohen, Lee Jeremy, Marcia Millon Cornett, Hamid Mehran, and Hassan Tehranian. "The Effect of State Solvency on Bank Values and Credit Supply: Evidence from State Pension Cut Legislation." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 53, no. 4 (July 12, 2018): 1839–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109018000248.

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We find the financial condition of states impacts bank credit supply through their municipal bond holdings. In particular, we treat sudden political and statutory actions during the 2011 union bargaining rights debates in Wisconsin and Ohio as exogenous shocks to state solvency. We show bank valuations and municipal bond spreads adjust to the announcements, and, over longer horizons, a new lending channel linked to state solvency emerges, whereby banks supply credit as municipal bond appreciations free up capital.
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Afdol, Al, Mardiana Mardiana, and Any Widayatsar. "Analysis Of Interest Rate Through Credit Channel And The Amount Of The Money Circulation On Indonesian Economic Growth 2005 – 2019." Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan (KEBAN) 1, no. 2 (June 12, 2022): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jkk.v1i2.4821.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between Interest Rates Through Credit Channels and the Money Supply on Indonesia's Economic Growth. The data used in this study is time series data from 2005 to 2019, sourced from Bank Indonesia (BI) and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analytical method used in this study is Vector Autoregression (VAR) using the Eviews version 10.0 computer application program. The results show that interest rates have a negative and significant effect on lending in the short term, lending as a variable connecting interest rates has a positive and significant effect on economic growth, both in the short and long term. The banking credit variable has a significant effect on the money supply in the long term, while the money supply in both the short and long term has a negative effect on economic growth. The results of the Granger causality test show that there is a one-way causal relationship between interest rates and bank credit in Indonesia, interest rates with economic growth if we use 10% and a one-way relationship between bank credit and the money supply.
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De Marco, Filippo. "Bank Lending and the European Sovereign Debt Crisis." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 54, no. 1 (September 25, 2018): 155–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109018000510.

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I investigate whether bank exposures to sovereign debt during the European debt crisis affected the real economy. I show that a shock to the marked-to-market (MTM) value of bank exposures to sovereign debt led to credit tightening in 2010–2011 that had negative real effects on small and young firms. Because banks do not usually mark their holdings of sovereign bonds to market, I explore the transmission channels of the unrealized losses on credit supply. I show that a shock to MTM exposures reduced short-term bank funding from U.S. money market funds rather than affecting equity or working through alternative channels.
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Awdeh, Ali, Zouhour Jomaa, and Mohamad Kassem. "The Effect of Bank Heterogeneity on the Interest Rate Channel in Lebanon." Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2020-0005.

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AbstractThe effect of bank heterogeneity on the transmission of monetary policy is capturing an increasing attention, and the debate on how bank specific characteristics may determine their reaction to monetary actions is mounting. This paper participates in this flow of research by studying the reaction of 40 banks operating in Lebanon between 1994 and 2017, to a change in lending interest rate, taking into consideration: size, market power, capitalisation, credit risk, and liquidity. The empirical results show that the impact of a change in interest rate on loan supply depends on bank market power and bank liquidity only. Consequently, interest rate channel in Lebanon operates through banks with high market power and banks with high liquidity stocks.
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Berrospide, Jose M., Arun Gupta, and Matthew P. Seay. "Un-used Bank Capital Buffers and Credit Supply Shocks at SMEs during the Pandemic." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021, no. 041 (July 15, 2021): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2021.043.

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Did banks curb lending to creditworthy small and mid-sized enterprises (SME) during the COVID-19 pandemic? Sitting on top of minimum capital requirements, regulatory capital buffers introduced after the 2008 global financial crisis (GFC) are costly regions of "rainy day" equity capital designed to absorb losses and provide lending capacity in a downturn. Using a novel set of confidential loan level data that includes private SME firms, we show that "buffer-constrained" banks (those entering the pandemic with capital ratios close to this regulatory buffer region) reduced loan commitments to SME firms by an average of 1.4 percent more (quarterly) and were 4 percent more likely to end pre-existing lending relationships during the pandemic as compared to "buffer-unconstrained" banks (those entering the pandemic with capital ratios far from the regulatory capital buffer region). We further find heterogenous effects across firms, as buffer-constrained banks disproportionately curtailed credit to three types of borrowers: (1) private, bank-dependent SME firms, (2) firms whose lending relationships were relatively young, and (3) firms whose pre-pandemic credit lines contractually matured at the start of the pandemic (and thus were up for renegotiation). While the post-2008 period saw the rise of banking system capital to historically high levels, these capital buffers went effectively unused during the pandemic. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to: (1) empirically test the usability of these Basel III regulatory buffers in a downturn, and (2) contribute a bank capital-based transmission channel to the literature studying how the pandemic transmitted shocks to SME firms.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Credit supply. Bank lending channel"

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Fabiana, Sabatini. "Essays on Bank Lending." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/213735.

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Sovereign tensions and euro-area banks: a review. The impact of sovereign tensions on bank lending: identifying the channels at work. Collateral in bank lending during the financial crises: a borrower and a lender story.
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Leite, Joana dos Reis Oliveira de Sousa. "The transmission of unconventional monetary policy to bank credit supply : evidence from the TLTROs." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16409.

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Mestrado em Economia Monetária e Financeira
Esta dissertação estuda a transmissão das Operações de Refinanciamento de Prazo Alargado Direcionadas (TLTRO) para a oferta de crédito pelo setor bancário na área do Euro e, em particular, em Portugal, através de uma abordagem de dados em painel. Para os países da área do Euro, verificámos uma correlação positiva entre as TLTRO e o montante de crédito concedido pelos bancos à economia real. Na área do Euro, os efeitos das TLTRO no montante de crédito concedido aumentam ao longo do período em análise e são mais fortes nos países menos vulneráveis. Para Portugal, recorrendo o modelo diference-in-differences, demonstrámos que os bancos que participaram nas TLTRO diminuíram as taxas de juro aplicadas no crédito concedido à economia real em aproximadamente 1.7 pontos percentuais em relação aos bancos que não participaram. Em Portugal, os efeitos das TLTRO nas taxas de juro do crédito também aumentam ao longo do período em análise e são mais fortes nos bancos pequenos. Deste modo, os resultados mostram que, em Portugal, as TLTRO contribuíram para o correto funcionamento do mecanismo de transmissão da Política Monetária.
This dissertation assesses the transmission of the Targeted Longer-Term Refinancing Operations (TLTROs) to the bank credit supply for the Euro area and for Portugal in particular, using a panel data approach. For the Euro area countries, we found a positive correlation between the TLTROs and the amount of credit granted to the real economy. In the Euro area, the effects of the TLTROs on the stock of credit increased during the period under analysis and are stronger for the less vulnerable countries. For Portugal, using a difference-in-differences model, we found that treated banks decreased loan rates by, approximately, 1.7 percentage points relative to control banks. In Portugal, the effects of the TLTROs on loan rates also increased during the period under analysis and are stronger for the small banks. Therefore, our results indicate that, in Portugal, the TLTROs contributed to the well-functioning of the Monetary Policy transmission mechanism.
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Khosravi, Taha. "The bank lending channel : an empirical assessment of measures to stimulate bank lending in the European Union." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/75171/.

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This thesis first examines the role of banks in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy by focusing on the eight European new member States of Central and Eastern Europe over the 2004-2013 period. We specifically investigate the influence of monetary policy changes on bank lending activity and if this potential influence is contingent on bank characteristics, such as banks' size, capital, liquidity, risk factor and market power. Moreover, we focus on the prospective role of banks in the monetary policy transmission mechanism in order to reveal any clear trends in banks' lending behaviour during the 2008-2011 financial crisis. Secondly, we investigate the impact of a protracted period of low monetary policy rates on loosening of banks' credit standards regarding enterprises, households and consumer loans through concentrating on the nine Eurozone countries involved since the initiation of the Euro area Bank Lending Survey in the three distinct time frames of pre- (2002Q4-2008Q3), mid- (2008Q4-2010Q4) and post- (2011Q1-2014:Q4) financial crisis. Furthermore, we test the fundamental concept of the risk taking channel by examining excessive risk-taking behaviour by banks in stressed vs. non-stressed countries of the Eurozone. In an additional analysis, the efficacy of the European Central Bank's 3 year Long-Term Refinancing Operations is evaluated in great depth in order to determine whether banks' credit standards have been softened and the degree to which demand for loans has increased. Thirdly, we explore the financing structure of bank lending constrained Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in the eleven Eurozone countries by utilising firm-level data over the period of 2009 to 2014. We estimate if bank lending constrained firms demonstrate relatively more usage or requests for alternative financing. Additionally, a comprehensive investigation is presented by unveiling the impact and determinants of various financing constraints including credit lines, bank loans, trade credit and other lending on Eurozone firms. Furthermore, the notion of discouraged borrowers originally formulated by Kon and Storey (2003) is empirically evaluated. Finally, we present the conclusion of our research by further outlining its limitations and prospective scope for future studies.
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Nyiranshuti, Claudette. "Monetary policy transmission mechanism in Rwanda: review of the bank lending channel post 1994." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3923.

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This research attempts to empirically examine the bank-lending channel in monetary policy transmission in Rwanda, using quarterly data for the period 1996Q1 to 2011Q4. The responses of the loans supply, real output, prices, and deposits to monetary policy innovations were investigated in this research, using impulse response functions and variance decompositions obtained from a Vector Autoregressive model (VAR). Estimation results revealed that the bank lending channel in Rwanda is less effective. The findings suggest that although monetary policies working through interest rates have a significant effect on bank loans, loans appear to not influence the real output level. As in other developing economies, the financial sector in Rwanda is still weak. As a result of the absence of long- term investment, bank customers bear the risk associated with the poor quality of loans in addition to the risk associated with high and variable inflation. These are likely to hamper the monetary policy transmission mechanism.
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Meder, Anthony Alan. "SFAS 115, Bank Balance Sheet Liquidity and Loan Growth." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1312309973.

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Chen, Conghui. "The incentive structure of the originate-to-distribute model of lending, bank credit supply and risk taking behaviour of U.S. commercial banks." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30868/.

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The Originate-to-distribute (OTD) model allows banks to sell or securitize loans rather than holding them until maturity. We investigate the incentives for using OTD lending and its impact on credit supply and bank risk taking behavior based on their involvements in the OTD model and bank size. Banks involved into OTD lending have more OTD loans and riskier mortgage portfolios. Funding cost reduction and liquidity needs are more important for high-OTD banks and small banks and regulatory capital arbitrage can only be found in small banks. Moreover, we find that OTD lending increase credit supply, but it has adverse effect on bank risk, especially for small banks involved in the model.
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Holmberg, Karolina. "Empirical Essays in Macroeconomics and Finance." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-72259.

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Derivation and Estimation of a New Keynesian Phillips Curve in a Small Open Economy This paper explores how well Swedish inflation is explained by a New Keynesian Phillips Curve. As the real driving variable in the Phillips Curve, a measure of firms' real marginal cost is compared to the traditional output gap. The results show that, with real marginal cost in the Phillips Curve equation, the point estimates generally have the expected positive sign, which is less frequently the case with the output gap. However, with both real marginal cost and the output gap, it is difficult to pin down a statistically significant relationship with inflation. Firm-Level Evidence of Shifts in the Supply of Credit This paper examines empirically whether firms are subject to shifts in credit supply over the business cycle. Shifts in the supply of credit are identified by exploring how firms substitute between commitment credit -- lines of credit -- and non-commitment credit. The results show that firms on average rely more on commitment credits when monetary policy is tight and when the financial health of banks is weaker. The results are consistent with a bank lending channel of monetary policy and with shifts in the supply of credit following deteriorations in banks' balance sheets. Lines of Credit and Investment: Firm-Level Evidence of Real Effects of the Financial Crisis This paper studies how the 2008 financial crisis affected corporate investment in Sweden through its effect on credit availability. The approach is to compare investments of firms before and after the onset of the crisis as a function of their ex ante sensitivity to a credit supply shock, controlling for fundamental determinants of investments. Sensitivity to a credit supply shock is measured as credit reserves, defined as unused credit on lines of credit. The results indicate that the decline in investment following the crisis was not exacerbated by a contraction in the supply of credit.
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Helmi, Mohamad Husam. "Essays on monetary policy with Islamic banks." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/12849.

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This thesis examines three different aspects of monetary policy in a varying sample of developing countries, with some Islamic banks. The first essay estimates a variety of interest rate rules for the conduct of monetary policy for Indonesia, Israel, South Korea, Thailand and Turkey, in both high and low inflation conditions. The findings are that the reaction of monetary policy to both inflation and output gaps differs between the high and low inflation regimes and that the exchange rate channel is important only in the low inflation regime. The second essay examines the bank lending channel of monetary transmission in Malaysia, a country with a dual banking system, with both Islamic and conventional banks. The results show that Islamic credit is less responsive to interest rates shocks than is conventional credit, in both high and low growth conditions. In contrast, the relative importance of Islamic credit shocks in driving output and inflation is greater under low -inflation conditions and higher Islamic credit leads to higher growth and lower inflation in such conditions. The third essay re-examines the question of causality between credit and GDP between two sets of countries one set without Islamic banks and the other set with dual banking systems, including some Islamic banks. The results suggest long-run causality from credit growth to GDP in countries with only Islamic banks.
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Graminho, Flávia Mourão. "O canal de empréstimos bancários no Brasil: uma evidência microeconômica." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/19.

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Made available in DSpace on 2008-05-13T13:15:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1417.pdf: 79747 bytes, checksum: d7ef21a3489fe76ed1ff668e7579137b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-05-27
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the existence and relevance of the bank-lending channel in Brazil. For that purpose we use balance-sheet data of Brazilian financial institutions, and adopt a methodology based in Kashyap and Stein (2000), who use twostage and panel estimations. We find that restrictive monetary policy – represented by interest rate increases – lower the sensibility of bank lending to the liquidity of its assets. In other words, increases in the interest rate lead to less binding bank liquidity restrictions. Therefore, the existence of a bank-lending channel for the transmission of monetary policy in Brazil is refused.
Esta dissertação investiga a existência e a relevância do canal de empréstimos bancários no Brasil, utilizando dados de balancetes de instituições financeiras. Adotando uma metodologia de estimação em dois estágios e em painel, baseada em Kashyap e Stein (2000), constatamos que, ao contrário do esperado, políticas monetárias restritivas – representadas por aumentos na taxa de juros – diminuem a sensibilidade do crédito bancário em relação à liquidez do seu ativo. Em outras palavras, choques positivos na taxa de juros relaxam as restrições de liquidez das instituições financeiras. Desta forma, é refutada a existência de um canal de empréstimos bancários no Brasil nos moldes propostos pela literatura americana.
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Melander, Ola. "Empirical essays on macro-financial linkages." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2009. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/790.htm.

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Books on the topic "Credit supply. Bank lending channel"

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Black, Lamont K. How the credit channel works: Differentiating the bank lending channel and the balance sheet channel. [Chicago, Ill.]: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 2007.

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Célérier, Claire, Thomas Kick, and Steven Ongena. Changes in the Cost of Bank Equity and the Supply of Bank Credit. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815815.003.0010.

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We explore the effect of tax reforms that decrease the cost of equity on bank lending. In 2000 and 2006, Italy and Belgium, respectively, introduced an allowance for corporate equity so that both firms and banks could deduct a notional interest on their equity from their taxable income. Because local firms were also affected by these reforms, we employ loan-level data from a credit register in a third country—Germany—to better identify the differential impact on lending by banks that were ‘treated’ by these tax reforms versus a control group of banks that were not. We find that the decrease in the cost of equity leads banks to raise their equity ratio, and to concurrently expand their balance sheet by increasing the amount of credit supplied in Germany. Conversely, the reversal of these reforms leads to a decrease in lending.
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Morais, Bernardo, José-Luis Peydró, and Claudia Ruiz. The International Bank Lending Channel of Monetary Policy Rates and Quantitative Easing: Credit Supply, Reach-for-Yield, and Real Effects. The World Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7216.

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Book chapters on the topic "Credit supply. Bank lending channel"

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Gilchrist, Simon, and Egon Zakrajšek. "Bank Lending and Credit Supply Shocks." In The Global Macro Economy and Finance, 154–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137034250_9.

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Xu, Ying, and Hai Anh La. "Spillovers of the United States’ Unconventional Monetary Policy to Emerging Asia." In Macroeconomic Shocks and Unconventional Monetary Policy, 118–45. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198838104.003.0006.

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This chapter assesses the spillover effects of the United States’ unconventional monetary policy on the Asian credit market. With a focus on cross-border bank lending, it employs firm-level loan data with regard to the syndicated loan market and measures the international bank lending channel through changes in United States dollar-denominated loans extended to Asian borrowers. It finds that the growth of dollar credit in Asia increased substantially in response to quantitative easing in the US financial market. The results of this study confirm the existence of the bank lending channel in Asia and emphasize the role of credit flows in transmitting financial conditions. The chapter also provides new evidence of cross-border liquidity spillover in the syndicated loan market. It finds that the overall spillover effect was large but differed significantly in Asia by types of borrowing firms, financing purposes, and loan terms at different stages of the quantitative easing programmes.
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Lie, Einar. "A Bank with a Divided Mandate." In Norges Bank 1816-2016, 30–45. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860013.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the two mandates of Norges Bank. In autumn of 1818, Norges Bank began providing ordinary services to the public, discounting bills and lending directly against real estate. The institution was now both the nation’s bank of issue and its sole bank. Expectations of what the bank was to achieve pulled in two diametrically opposed directions. On the one hand, the bank was to take control of the inflated monetary system and bring the value of money back to par, namely the silver value guarantee issued when the Storting established the bank in 1816. Based on both contemporary and modern wisdom, this would speak in favour of tightening the money supply. On the other hand, the bank was to meet the country’s considerable need for credit, which would speak in favour of adding liquidity. However, a desire to supply more credit to farmers, merchants, timber traders, and others competed with the long-term goal of returning money to par. Indeed, the reason why the road to par became so long and winding has to do with the desire to supply the nation with credit: both the money supply and credit volumes were expanded repeatedly to meet the country’s borrowing needs.
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"1 Introduction." In Financial Collateral, edited by Haentjens Matthias. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198816935.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter provides a background and overview of financial collateral. One of the most significant changes in which financial markets have functioned since the global financial crisis is the 'flight to security'. Both the need for secured lending as well as regulatory requirements to reduce credit risk have contributed to the increased need for collateral, i.e. for liquid, high-quality assets that may be used as collateral. On the one hand, increasing concerns about counterparty risk have meant that secured borrowing and lending have become the normal means by which funding is accessed, largely replacing unsecured finance. On the other hand, the Basel III framework - and the need for better capitalization and liquidity of financial institutions - has made it more important for banks to hold a greater stock of high-quality securities. The global financial crisis and the resulting regulatory responses have thus profoundly affected the supply of, and demand for, financial collateral in that financial collateral has become much scarcer and more important. This book focuses on collateral in international finance transactions. It provides practitioners and academics with a comprehensive handbook on the various aspects of financial collateral and its use. The chapter then describes the terms finance, credit, security, and collateral.
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Yue, Haoran, Jingwen Xu, Jingmai Wang, Dilang Wu, and Baozhuang Niu. "A General Introduction and Overview of Supply Chain Finance." In Green Finance for Sustainable Global Growth, 1–29. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7808-6.ch001.

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Supply chain finance (SCF) is a new finance service mode surrounding the core enterprises in the supply chain. Different from the traditional finance service, SCF focuses on the trading process rather than the bank credit. Depending on the large trading data and process gathered by core enterprises, SCF is able to effectively integrate the flows of information, logistics, and funds, which transforms the numerous risks of many single enterprises into the controllable risks of the entire supply chain. Therefore, SCF is capable of providing comprehensive finance service regardless of companies' size with the minimum risk level, especially for the small and medium-sized enterprises which have difficulties in receiving finance service from traditional finance institutions. The emergence of SCF has established an accessible channel to help small and medium-sized enterprises obtain effective finance service. In this chapter, the authors introduce the definition, features, structures, and other basic information of SCF. The authors then examine the different types of SCF.
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Reports on the topic "Credit supply. Bank lending channel"

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Chirinos-Leañez, Ana María, and Carolina Pagliacci. Credit Supply in Venezuela: A Non-Conventional Bank Lending Channel? Inter-American Development Bank, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000681.

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Fabiani, Andrea, Martha López, José-Luis Peydró, Paul E. Soto, and Margaret Guerrero. Capital Controls, Domestic Macroprudential Policy and the Bank Lending Channel of Monetary Policy. Banco de la República, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1162.

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We study how capital controls and domestic macroprudential policy tame credit supply booms, respectively targeting foreign and domestic bank debt. For identification, we exploit the simultaneous introduction of capital controls on foreign exchange (FX) debt inflows and an increase of reserve requirements on domestic bank deposits in Colombia during a strong credit boom, as well as credit registry and bank balance sheet data. Our results suggest that first, an increase in the local monetary policy rate, raising the interest rate spread with the United States, allows more FX-indebted banks to carry trade cheap FX funds with more expensive peso lending, especially toward riskier, opaque firms. Capital controls tax FX debt and break the carry trade. Second, the increase in reserve requirements on domestic deposits directly reduces credit supply, and more so for riskier, opaque firms, rather than enhances the transmission of monetary rates on credit supply. Importantly, different banks finance credit in the boom with either domestic or foreign (FX) financing. Hence, capital controls and domestic macroprudential policy complementarily mitigate the boom and the associated risk-taking through two distinct channels
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Morales, Paola, Daniel Osorio-Rodíguez, Juan S. Lemus-Esquivel, and Miguel Sarmiento. The internationalization of domestic banks and the credit channel of monetary policy. Banco de la República, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1181.

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How does the expansion of domestic banks in international markets affect the bank lending channel of monetary policy? Using bank-firm loan-level data, we find that loan growth and loan rates from international banks respond less to monetary policy changes than domestic banks and that internationalization partially mitigates the risk-taking channel of monetary policy. Banks with a large international presence tend to tolerate more their credit risk exposition relative to domestic banks. Moreover, international banks tend to rely more on foreign funding when policy rates change, allowing them to insulate better the monetary policy changes from their credit supply than domestic banks. This result is consistent with the predictions of the internal capital markets hypothesis. We also show that macroprudential FX regulation reduces banks with high FX exposition access to foreign funding, ultimately contributing to monetary policy transmission. Overall, our results suggest that the internationalization of banks lowers the potency of the bank lending channel. Furthermore, it diminishes the risk-taking channel of monetary policy within the limit established by macroprudential FX regulations.
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4

Lai, Sharon, Kevin Lane, and Laura Nunn. The Term Funding Facility: Has It Encouraged Business Lending? Reserve Bank of Australia, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rdp2022-07.

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The Reserve Bank of Australia's Term Funding Facility (TFF) was announced in March 2020 as part of a package of policy measures to support the Australian economy. It achieved a key objective of providing banks with three-year low-cost funding and was available for drawdown until 30 June 2021. This paper examines the effectiveness of the TFF in increasing the supply of credit to businesses, which was another one of the objectives of the program. Using bank-level data and a difference-in-differences approach, we find no statistically significant evidence that the TFF increased credit supply to businesses. However, our confidence intervals are wide and there are significant identification challenges involved in disentangling the effects of the TFF from the effects of pandemic-related disruptions and other policy interventions on credit supply and demand. Nonetheless, the TFF provided an assured source of funding at a time of considerable stress in the financial system and lowered banks' funding costs, and any effects on business lending via these channels may not be fully reflected in our results.
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5

Morais, Bernardo, Gaizka Ormazabal, José-Luis Peydró, Mónica Roa, and Miguel Sarmiento. Forward Looking Loan Provisions: Credit Supply and Risk-Taking. Banco de la República, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1159.

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We show corporate-level real, financial, and (bank) risk-taking effects associated with calculating loan provisions based on expected—rather than incurred—credit losses. For identification, we exploit unique features of a Colombian reform and supervisory, matched loan-level data. The regulatory change induces a dramatic increase in provisions. Banks tighten all new lending conditions, adversely affecting borrowing-firms, with stronger effects for risky-firms. Moreover, to minimize provisioning, more affected (less-capitalized) banks cut credit supply to risky-firms— SMEs with shorter credit history, less tangible assets or more defaulted loans—but engage in “search-for-yield” within regulatory constraints and increase portfolio concentration, thereby decreasing risk diversification.
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Sarmiento, Miguel. Sudden Yield Reversals and Financial Intermediation in Emerging Markets. Banco de la República, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1210.

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Banks in emerging market economies rely on cross-border interbank lending to financing firms in the real sector. By matching cross-border bank-to-bank loan level data with domestic bank-to-firm loan level data, and firm-level data, this paper shows that sudden yield reversal observed during the 2013 Fed taper tantrum resulted in a substantial contraction of cross-border interbank lending in emerging markets that significantly reduced the supply of domestic corporate credit and increased the corporate loan rates. Results show that firms with an ex-ante high concentration of credit granted by exposed banks in the cross-border interbank market exhibited low bank credit and substantial real effects, including a decline in imports and exports. The results further indicate that cross-border intra-group lending and domestic unsecured interbank funding contribute to smoothing the effects of sudden yield reversals on the financial intermediation. Overall, the results are consistent with the notion that banks’ exposition in international credit markets contributes to global financial conditions’ transmission to the economy.
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