Journal articles: 'Credibility index'

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Dyg Affizzah, A. M., Fathan Soetrisno, Y. Irma Yazreen, and Winnie Nirau. "Malaysia Corporate Credibility Index: An Assesment." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 3 (September 29, 2019): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i3.15246.

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Corporate credibility has attracted interest from a wide range of academic disciplines. Malaysians tend to identify themselves by ethnic groups and not nationality. Cross-national marketing research that attempts to make comparisons and generalizations about Malaysian consumers, instead of Malay, Chinese or Indian sub-groups, is likely to be questionable. As corporate credibility index is crucial for every corporate, there is no benchmark or index in Malaysia context in determining levels of credibility of corporates. This provides an opportunity for this research to assess measurement invariance in cross-ethic perception difference between the westerner and Malaysian as well as developing a credibility index model called Malaysia organization credibility Index (MOCI) as an output of research. The Asian perception on corporate credibility may not be reliable and suitable if it is tested using the western-based scales, due to differences in ethnic culture, religious and personal values of the Asian consumers themselves. Nonetheless, one must determine whether such scales exhibit cross-cultural equivalence before meaningful comparisons and generalizations can be made. Based on the SEM, the study finds out that both westerners and Asian seems to share the same perception on the honesty, trustworthiness and expertise. However, Asian perceived to see that customer and employees focus are the significant variables in perceiving the credibility of corporate organization and its reputation. Hence, increasingly, corporations in Asia will need to be cognizant of how they are perceived to achieve their strategic goals. This will involve understanding the impact of specific country reputations on firm reputation. Thus this study suggests the establishment of Malaysian Corporate Credibility Index that can be applied to Asian as a whole.

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Mackiewicz-Łyziak, Joanna. "Central Bank Credibility: Determinants and Measurement. A Cross-Country Study." Acta Oeconomica 66, no. 1 (March 2016): 125–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2016.66.1.6.

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This paper proposes a new measure of central bank credibility — the credibility index calculated on the basis of the key determinants of central bank credibility. The index is compiled for 9 countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland, Chile, Brazil, Turkey, United Kingdom and Sweden , for the years 1999–2007. The results are cross-checked with other credibility measures based on inflation expectations of two groups of economic agents. The analysis demonstrates that the credibility index may be considered a relevant and consistent credibility measure.

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McComas, Katherine A., and Craig W. Trumbo. "Source Credibility in Environmental Health - Risk Controversies: Application of Meyer's Credibility Index." Risk Analysis 21, no. 3 (June 2001): 467–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0272-4332.213126.

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Liu, Na, and Nanke Ye. "Research on Composition of Social Credibility Index Based on Artificial Intelligence Model." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (October 13, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8870876.

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Honesty refers to the fairness, justice, and responsibility of public power in social life. In order to enhance the trust of public power in society, it is necessary to analyze the social credibility indicator system. In order to achieve an accurate evaluation of social credibility, this article uses big data mining and artificial intelligence analysis methods to construct a social credibility evaluation index system for public power. First of all, this paper analyzes the distribution structure model of the public power social credibility index and analyzes the empirical mode decomposition and factor analysis of the public power social credibility evaluation data sequence in the social credibility feature distribution model. Secondly, this article constructs the public power social credit evaluation and artificial intelligence data sequence model. Using high-order cumulant features as a constraint operator, the accurate evaluation and consistent estimation of the social credibility index system of public power can be realized. The grey model is used to predict the social credibility of public power and realizes the optimized design of the evaluation model of public power social credibility. The simulation results show that the model has higher accuracy, better error convergence, and objectivity when designing the social reputation index system.

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Mori Junior, Renzo, and Peter Best. "GRI G4 content index." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 8, no. 5 (November 6, 2017): 571–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-12-2015-0115.

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Purpose Previous studies have argued that the incapacity of the majority of SR stakeholders to identify the different types of assurance processes contributes to the existence of an expectation–performance gap and affects the credibility of such reports. To improve this situation, the Content Index Model was updated by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) in its latest sustainability reporting guideline – “G4”. This paper aims to assess, using a qualitative exploratory approach, whether this updated Content Index Model changes the expectation–performance gap of stakeholders on assurance processes for GRI sustainability reports. This paper also assesses whether this Content Index Model improves the credibility of the assurance processes for GRI sustainability reports, considering participants’ points of view. Design/methodology/approach This paper used a qualitative approach to obtain participants’ perceptions in relation to the objectives of the paper. Two questions were used to assess whether the updated Content Index Model improves stakeholders’ understanding in regards to the assurance process of GRI sustainability reports, thus changing the expectation–performance gap and improving the credibility of GRI sustainability reports. The following questions were asked: Does the Content Index Model help SR stakeholders to better understand the scope of the assurance processes? and Why? Does the Content Index Model presented help to improve credibility of assured SR? and Why? Findings Results obtained demonstrate that the updated Content Index Model improves SR stakeholders’ understanding regarding the scope of the assurance processes conducted, thus reducing their expectation–performance gap on assurance processes and improving the credibility of SR. Participants also commented on the relationship among transparency, understand ability, trust and credibility. Research limitations/implications First, participants were responsible for identifying the group that best represents his/her professional experience. The fact that participants have professional experience in more than one of the groups identified in this research (assurers, reporters and readers) could have impacted on their perceptions regarding the assurance process. Second, the interviews do not rely on practical experience with the updated Content Index Model, rather, they rely on participants’ perceptions regarding the hypothetical use of this Content Index Model. Third, descriptive statistical analyses in this paper aim to illustrate participants’ perceptions rather than to develop robust statistically significant conclusions. Fourth, the main author of this paper developed the Content Index Model, and this may have impacted the responses of the participants and/or the analysis of data. Also, the specific geographic area where interviews were conducted, the selection technique used and the non-statistical significance of the analyses presented in this paper must be carefully interpreted and cannot be generalised to a broader context based on this paper alone. Finally, interviews were developed and conducted before May 2013, before the GRI officially launched the GRI G4 Sustainability Reporting Guidelines. Practical implications As the GRI is the most commonly used sustainability report framework to date, this study has the possibility to affect all companies that publish their sustainability reports based on the GRI framework and all assurance providers currently providing assurance services for such report. Also, findings would be very useful for sustainability reports’ readers worldwide. Originality/value As sustainability reports are the most common instruments used by organisations to provide accountability about the environmental and social performance, and assurance is the most common instrument used by organisations to improve credibility of such reports; it is important to assess whether those instruments are achieving their goals and understand the role played by the GRI G4 Content Index Model in this context. As the GRI G4 was recently launched, there is no study published yet assessing the effectiveness of its new content index model.

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Prabowo, Rakhmat, and Mohamad Ikhsan. "Efektivitas Kredibilitas Bank Sentral terhadap Inflasi bagi Produsen dan Konsumen di Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 174–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v20i2.1219.

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This study is intended to explain the impact of central bank credibility on inflation in Indonesia at the producer and consumer level. In this study, Central Bank Credibility is measured using an index with values between 0 (zero credibility) and 1 (perfect credibility). Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method is used to analyze the impact of central bank credibility on inflation. Based on the results, central bank credibility can reduce inflation on both producer and consumer price. Central bank credibility is more sensitive towards producer price index compared to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) deflator and wholesale price index while at the consumer level, central bank credibility is more sensitive towards core inflation compared to headline inflation. -------------------------------------- Penelitian ini menjelaskan dampak kredibilitas Bank Sentral terhadap inflasi di Indonesia. Dampak kredibilitas Bank Sentral dianalisis pada tingkat produsen maupun konsumen. Untuk mengukur kredibilitas Bank Sentral, penelitian ini menggunakan indeks kredibilitas bernilai 0 (zero credibility) hingga 1 (perfect credibility). Metode Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) digunakan untuk menganalisis dampak kredibilitas Bank Sentral terhadap inflasi. Berdasarkan hasil empiris, kredibilitas Bank Sentral cenderung lebih memengaruhi inflasi pada Indeks Harga Produsen (IHP) dibandingkan Indeks Harga Perdagangan Besar (IHPB) dan deflator Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB). Kredibilitas Bank Sentral lebih memengaruhi inflasi inti dibandingkan dengan inflasi umum. Dari hasil empiris diketahui bahwa kredibilitas Bank Sentral lebih memengaruhi inflasi pada sisi produsen dibandingkan konsumen.

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Levieuge, Grégory, Yannick Lucotte, and Sébastien Ringuedé. "Central bank credibility and the expectations channel: evidence based on a new credibility index." Review of World Economics 154, no. 3 (March 2, 2018): 493–535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10290-018-0308-6.

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Jing, Tee Wee. "Trust Index based Model to Define News Credibility in Social Media Using Blockchain Technology." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, SP7 (July 25, 2020): 1622–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp7/20202266.

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Sharma, Kartik. "Reliability Index for Twitter – Twitter Handles’ Credibility Assessment." HELIX 8, no. 5 (August 31, 2018): 4094–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29042/2018-4094-4099.

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10

Rasmussen, Bo Sandemann. "Exchange rate policy, union wage index and credibility." Journal of International Economics 35, no. 1-2 (August 1993): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(93)90009-m.

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11

Meyer, Philip. "Defining and Measuring Credibility of Newspapers: Developing an Index." Journalism Quarterly 65, no. 3 (September 1988): 567–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769908806500301.

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Tang, Jian Bing, Tian Tian Guo, Qi Gao Hu, and Ya Bing Zha. "Research on the Credibility Evaluation Methods of Combat Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 2139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2139.

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Credibility is the key performance index and the lifeline for system simulation. Verification, validation and accreditation (VV&A) of all system simulation life can insure the credibility, and credibility evaluation is a very necessary approach to obtain the credibility. Combat simulation is a special simulation for its many characteristics of multi-level, more elements, overall emergence, uncertainty, morbid and multi-granularity model, and so on. Credibility is vital to combat simulation. The evaluation method is one of the aspects of credibility evaluation. In this paper, the methods of credibility evaluation are researched. The common evaluation methods are analyzed and compared. Aiming at the characteristics of combat simulation system, the subjective comprehensive evaluation method based on subject matter expert (SME) is put forward, which is applied to a combat simulation. The practice shows that the subjective comprehensive evaluation method is very effective. The results are sufficiently credible to support the application.

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Harmanta, Harmanta, M. Barik Bathaluddin, and Jati Waluyo. "INFLATION TARGETING UNDER IMPERFECT CREDIBILITY: LESSONS FROM INDONESIAN EXPERIENCE." Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 13, no. 3 (May 30, 2011): 271–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v13i3.394.

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This paper try to assess role of credibility in the implementation of inflation targeting framework in Indonesia. It illustrates how credibility may play an important role in the evolution of the Indonesian monetary policy. Knowing the degree of credibility would beneficial for Bank Indonesia (BI) to understand how to adjust policy instrument to achieve a long-term inflation target. Scaled from zero (purely not credible) to one (perfect credibility), our quantitative measurements found that credibility index for Indonesian monetary policy converge to around 0.5. Refer to projection and simulation results in this paper, the study shows expectation inflation of economic agents is strongly influenced by monetary policy credibility. The more credible the monetary policy, the faster inflation expectation would anchor to its target. In addition, high credibility also increase the efficiency of the monetary policy transmission since the disinflation cost represented by sacrifice ratio is lower. Under imperfect credibility the central bank prefer to attain its inflation target gradually, and if the credibility stock is doubled, then achieving its long-term inflation target required a lot shorter time (approximately 0.4 periods than the baseline). JEL Classification: E31, E52, E58, E61Keywords: Disinflation, Monetary Policy, Imperfect Credibility, Sacrifice Ratio

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GUO, DANNI, RENKUAN GUO, and CHRISTIEN THIART. "CREDIBILITY MEASURE-BASED FUZZY MEMBERSHIP GRADE KRIGING." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 15, supp02 (April 2007): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488507004601.

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A fundamental problem in fuzzy analysis is that the membership function is specified subjectively. In other words, the modelers specify the membership function form and assign the values of the parameters in membership function via their working experiences. Different from its probabilistic counterpart, fuzzy mathematical theory does not provide convenient parameter estimation approach. In this paper, we first review Liu's non-classical credibility measure theory (i.e., (∨,·)-credibility measure theory) in Liu7, because the fuzzy theory initiated by Zadeh10 contains a critical weakness: non self-duality property for possibility measure. We establish a parameter estimation of the membership function in terms of maximum entropy principle on the ground of self-dual credibility measure theory. Furthermore, based on the data assimilated membership function, we can calculate membership grades on the fuzzy environmental index, using PM10 air pollution as an illustration. We treat the calculated membership grades as spatially distributed random quantity, and therefore perform the standard ordinary kriging approach for generating the predicted environmental index map, for PM10 prediction map.

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James, Oliver, and Gregg G. Van Ryzin. "Incredibly Good Performance." American Review of Public Administration 47, no. 1 (July 28, 2016): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074015580390.

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Initiatives to boost public trust of government often rely on better reporting of the efforts and accomplishments of government agencies. But if citizens disbelieve the performance reports of agencies, especially information about good performance, then these initiatives may be do little to enhance trust. We ask the following questions: Do citizens find performance information from government agencies to be credible, or do they trust more in independent sources? Do they believe some agencies more than others? And does credibility of the agency itself as a source depend on the level of performance that is being reported? To address these questions, we designed an experiment to test the credibility of a customer satisfaction index for two U.S. federal agencies, with random allocation of the specific agency (one politically less attractive, the other more so), the source of the index (the federal agency itself or an independent rating firm), as well as the level of performance reported in the index. Results from an online sample of nearly 600 U.S. adults show that credibility is lower for the politically less attractive agency and that citizens are especially doubtful about good performance reported by the government agency itself (as opposed to the independent rating firm). These results suggest that independent sources can boost credibility when reporting good news about government performance.

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Gao, Zhong Xu, An Jia Mao, De Zhi Chen, and Yun Ting Song. "A Wind Farm Capacity Credibility Calculation Method Based on Parabola." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 953–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.953.

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The capacity credibility of a wind farm is the basic index to evaluate the value of its power generation capacity. As an important reference for the wind farm planning and site selection, calculation of wind farm capacity credibility is significant. Based on a sequential Monte Carlo simulation approach, this paper proposes a parabola calculation method for the wind farm capacity credibility. The method first uses an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) time series approach to simulate the hourly wind speeds, and then set up the reliability model of the wind energy conversion system (WECS). Finally, the parabolic method is used to calculate the effective load-carrying capacity (ELCC), which is the most important part of the capacity credibility of the wind farm. As a testing scenario, the IEEE-RTS79 test system is used to verify the method, and the difference of capacity credibility under different reliability indices is also analyzed.

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Li, Yong Jie, Jing Zhe Xu, Zhi Zhan Li, and Wen Ge Liu. "Study on Hazard Evaluation of Smart Grid Based on Credibility Entropy Evaluation Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 532 (February 2014): 590–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.532.590.

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With the development of smart grid construction enter the substantive stage, the security problems in operation has been paid to more and more great attention .To the possible sources of danger in the operation of smart grid, the paper has proposed the evaluation index system of hazard source, raised the concept of risk degree and its measurement methods. Based on the credibility theory, the paper also proposed the credibility entropy weight coefficient evaluation model, then made the analysis of hazard smart grid from both the frequency of occurrence and the degree of influence with the actual situation. thus under the corresponding confidence interval , estimated the risk level of smart grid which basing on the credibility entropy weight coefficient evaluation model. Finally, through the analysis of cases, verified the science and feasibility of the credibility entropy weight coefficient evaluation model.

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Shiratuddin, Norshuhada, Shahizan Hassan, Nor Laily Hashim, Mohd Fo’ad Sakdan, and Mohd Samsu Sajat. "Blog Influence Index." International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking 3, no. 3 (July 2011): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jvcsn.2011070103.

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Although weblogs are a popular medium of communication, their influence on society is unclear. In particular, studies that investigate the impact and influence of blogosphere on the community and government have not been fully exploited. Such studies are important especially to the government in reshaping and realigning the policies related to new media. This article presents the outcomes of a study to identify measures on how to assess the influence of weblogs. At least four dimensions are critical for measuring weblog influence, which are recognition (number of in links and number of visitors), activity generation (number of comments and number of posts), novelty (number of out links), and credibility of a blog (number of information presentation type, number of factual errors, and number of hyperlink citations). It is hereby proposed that these dimensions make up a measure called the Blog Influence Index.

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Caldas Montes, Gabriel, and Julio Cesar Albuquerque Bastos. "Effects of reputation and credibility on monetary policy: theory and evidence for Brazil." Journal of Economic Studies 41, no. 3 (May 6, 2014): 387–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-11-2012-0158.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that both the reputation of the monetary authority and the credibility of the regime of inflation targeting are important to reduce the inflation bias and the effort of the monetary authority in an emerging economy. Design/methodology/approach – The paper develops a model which shows that the gain of credibility reduces the effort of the monetary authority in the conduct of monetary policy. The paper presents an econometric analysis for Brazil through ordinary least squares, generalized method of moments (GMM), system of equations by GMM and vector autoregressive. Findings – The findings suggest that the reputation of the monetary authority is important to the improvement of credibility, and the gains of credibility reduce the effort of the monetary authority in the conduct of monetary policy, reducing the variations of the monetary base. Originality/value – In the theoretical field, the study develops a model which shows that credibility is important to reduce both the inflation bias and the efforts of the monetary authority in the conduct of monetary policy. In the empirical field: first, it proposes a new index of reputation for the monetary authority; second, it demonstrates that the gain of reputation improves credibility, but also that attempts to exploit the output-inflation trade-off reduces credibility; third, the analysis found that the gains of credibility reduce the efforts of the monetary authority in the conduct of monetary policy.

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Lubis, Tona Aurora, Ade Octavia, and Widyanti Fitri. "Rating of LQ-45 stock index performance credibility in Indonesia Stock Exchange." Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 6, no. 5 (May 2, 2019): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v6i5.6707.

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杨, 明波. "Comprehensive Decision of Distribution Network Line Selection Based on Credibility Evaluation Index." Journal of Electrical Engineering 05, no. 04 (2017): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/jee.2017.54034.

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Siswanto, Joko. "Adopsi Credibility Index for SMEs (CIS) Model Jepang untuk Indonesia dan ASEAN." Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi 17, no. 1 (2018): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2018.17.1.5.

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Samuel, Geoffrey. "What is in an Index? A View from a European Orientated Lawyer." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 13 (2011): 333–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712801752988.

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AbstractAnyone familiar with French legal education will know that what a common lawyer would call the contents page to be found at the beginning (often in summary form) or at the end (often in detail) of a French textbook or monograph on law is more than a mere guide for browsers and readers. It forms le plan, that is to say the epistemological framework the intellectual importance of which is equal to the substance of the work. It is what endows the book with its scientific credibility and any thesis or textbook lacking a coherent cartesian plan will by definition lack intellectual credibility. But what of the other guide provided in many academic books, namely the index? Is this guide nothing but a guide, never to be allowed to aspire to an epistemological status like that accorded to le plan? Or is an index, with its strictly alphabetical ordering, capable of having an epistemological role?

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Samuel, Geoffrey. "What is in an Index? A View from a European Orientated Lawyer." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 13 (2011): 333–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s152888700000207x.

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Abstract Anyone familiar with French legal education will know that what a common lawyer would call the contents page to be found at the beginning (often in summary form) or at the end (often in detail) of a French textbook or monograph on law is more than a mere guide for browsers and readers. It forms le plan, that is to say the epistemological framework the intellectual importance of which is equal to the substance of the work. It is what endows the book with its scientific credibility and any thesis or textbook lacking a coherent cartesian plan will by definition lack intellectual credibility. But what of the other guide provided in many academic books, namely the index? Is this guide nothing but a guide, never to be allowed to aspire to an epistemological status like that accorded to le plan? Or is an index, with its strictly alphabetical ordering, capable of having an epistemological role?

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Ponte, Maya. "Vying for credibility in the US Congress." Focaal 2005, no. 46 (December 1, 2005): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/092012906780786753.

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Throughout the debate in the United States Congress over whether vaccines cause autism, legitimizing symbols that index cultural values have played a prominent role in the establishment of credibility. While both sides sanctify the role of science in producing credibility, they draw on different images of what science is and where its legitimacy stems from. Those who favor the vaccine hypothesis frame science as a populist endeavor, the results of which are open to critique by all. Those against the vaccine hypothesis frame science as an elitist endeavor, the results of which may only be critiqued by fellow scientists. While both of these images derive their significance from the cultural history of the United States, they have a markedly different impact on the interpretation of evidence. From within the populist frame, personal experience and direct observation are highly valued. From within the elitist frame, epidemiological evidence trumps personal experience. Due to the incorporation of dueling images of science, the US debate over autism may be viewed as a debate between rival cultural values.

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Wang, Xiu, Caixia Kan, Juan Xu, Xingzhong Zhu, Mingming Jiang, and Yuan Ni. "Dielectric function modelling and sensitivity forecast for Au–Ag alloy nanostructures." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 26 (2020): 14932–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp02501a.

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Based on theoretical calculations, FDTD simulations and experimental results, the refractive index sensitivity of Au–Ag alloy nanostructures were investigated, indicating the credibility and feasibility of the modelled dielectric data of alloy.

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Hardy, Bruce W., Meghnaa Tallapragada, John C. Besley, and Shupei Yuan. "The Effects of the “War on Science” Frame on Scientists’ Credibility." Science Communication 41, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 90–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1075547018822081.

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A randomized experiment of 1,024 U.S. adults was conducted to examine the effect of the war on science frame on perceptions of scientists’ credibility. Because recent use of this frame is a response to the Trump Administration, those who politically align with him (e.g., conservatives) are likely to experience identity threat when confronted with the war on science frame. Results show that when viewed as aggressive, the war on science frame prompted conservatives to report lower agreement with a scientist credibility index than liberals, suggesting that the war on science frame has the potential to further polarize science.

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Wardana, Rahmad Wisnu, Ilyas Masudin, Dian Palupi Restuputri, and Adhi Nugraha. "A novel decision-making method using fuzzy DEA credibility constrained and RC index." Cogent Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1917328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2021.1917328.

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Garavaglia, Elsa, and Luca Sgambi. "The use of a credibility index in the life-cycle assessment of structures." Structure and Infrastructure Engineering 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2014): 683–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2014.896022.

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Stauning, Peter. "Multi-station basis for Polar Cap (PC) indices: ensuring credibility and operational reliability." Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 8 (2018): A07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2017036.

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The Polar Cap (PC) indices, PCN (North) and PCS (South) are based on polar geomagnetic observations from Qaanaaq (Thule) and Vostok, respectively, processed to measure the transpolar plasma convection that may seriously affect space weather conditions. To establish reliable space weather forecasts based on PC indices, and also to ensure credibility of their use for scientific analyses of solar wind-magnetosphere interactions, additional sources of data for the PC indices are investigated. In the search for alternative index sources, objective quality criteria are established here to be used for the selection among potential candidates. These criteria are applied to existing PC index series to establish a quality scale. In the Canadian region, the data from Resolute Bay magnetometer are shown to provide alternative PCN indices of adequate quality. In Antarctica, the data from Concordia Dome-C observatory are shown to provide basis for alternative PCS indices. In examples to document the usefulness of these alternative index sources it is shown that PCN indices in a real-time version based on magnetometer data from Resolute Bay could have given 6 h of early warning, of which the last 2 h were “red alert”, up to the onset of the strong substorm event on 13 March 1989 that caused power outage in Quebec. The alternative PCS indices based on data from Dome-C have helped to disclose that presently available Vostok-based PCS index values are corrupted throughout most of 2011.

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Zhang, Lin, Ying Liu, Yuanjun Laili, and Weicun Zhang. "Model maturity towards modeling and simulation: Concepts, index system framework and evaluation method." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 11, no. 03 (June 2020): 2040001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962320400012.

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Simulation has become an essential way and sometimes the only way to study complex systems (e.g., system of systems, SoS). Simulation is the model-based activity. How to build a high-quality model is the first consideration in simulation. Fidelity and credibility are the two mostly used metrics to evaluate the quality of a model. However, the definitions and evaluation methods of fidelity and credibility vary from one research to another and it’s hard to evaluate the metrics precisely. More importantly, the evolution process of a model in use cannot be directly reflected by the two metrics. Therefore, this paper introduces the model maturity to track the status of a model during its life cycle, especially in the use and management phases, which will be an important supplement to the quality evaluation system of models. The concept of model maturity is given and a framework of index system for model maturity evaluation is established. Then, a hierarchical evaluation method based on qualitative and quantitative analysis (HEQQ) for model maturity is proposed. Finally, a case study is used to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

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White, AR, C. Eddleston, R. Hardie, KL Resch, and E. Ernst. "A Pilot Study of Acupuncture for Tension Headache, Using a Novel Placebo." Acupuncture in Medicine 14, no. 1 (May 1996): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.14.1.11.

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Tension headache is common, and treatment with acupuncture is frequently recommended, although the evidence of its effectiveness is contradictory. This small, randomised, controlled trial was designed as a pilot to test procedures in preparation for a multi-centre trial investigating the effect of acupuncture as a treatment for tension headache. Ten volunteers suffering from episodic, tension-type headache were recruited by local newspaper articles. Patients were randomised to receive either brief needling to tender areas or selected traditional points (Group A), or pressure from a cocktail stick supported within a guide tube to defined, non-tender and non-acupuncture areas (Group B). The patients’ view of the treatment sites was obstructed so that no indication could be gained as to which form of treatment was being given. Throughout the period of the trial, duration, frequency and intensity of headaches were recorded, from which the mean weekly headache index was calculated. There was no difference between the changes in weekly headache index in the two groups, comparing scores before and after treatment. However, Group A experienced a considerably higher number of headache-free weeks than Group B. The credibility of the two procedures was tested using a standard credibility questionnaire and a “final verdict”. One subject in Group B concluded that she had not received genuine acupuncture, but overall there was no statistical difference between the credibility of treatment in the two groups.

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Garcia, Fernando, Jairo González-Bueno, Francisco Guijarro, Javier Oliver, and Rima Tamošiūnienė. "MULTIOBJECTIVE APPROACH TO PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION IN THE LIGHT OF THE CREDIBILITY THEORY." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 6 (October 8, 2020): 1165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2020.13189.

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The present research proposes a novel methodology to solve the problems faced by investors who take into consideration different investment criteria in a fuzzy context. The approach extends the stochastic mean-variance model to a fuzzy multiobjective model where liquidity is considered to quantify portfolio’s performance, apart from the usual metrics like return and risk. The uncertainty of the future returns and the future liquidity of the potential assets are modelled employing trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The decision process of the proposed approach considers that portfolio selection is a multidimensional issue and also some realistic constraints applied by investors. Particularly, this approach optimizes the expected return, the risk and the expected liquidity of the portfolio, considering bound constraints and cardinality restrictions. As a result, an optimization problem for the constraint portfolio appears, which is solved by means of the NSGA-II algorithm. This study defines the credibilistic Sortino ratio and the credibilistic STARR ratio for selecting the optimal portfolio. An empirical study on the S&P100 index is included to show the performance of the model in practical applications. The results obtained demonstrate that the novel approach can beat the index in terms of return and risk in the analyzed period, from 2008 until 2018.

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Wanta, Wayne, and Yu-Wei Hu. "The Effects of Credibility, Reliance, and Exposure on Media Agenda-Setting: A Path Analysis Model." Journalism Quarterly 71, no. 1 (March 1994): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909407100109.

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This study examined three audience attributes in the agenda-setting process: individuals' perceived credibility of the news media, their reliance on the news media for information, and their exposure to media messages. A model of agenda-setting is proposed based on the assumptions that if individuals perceive the media to be highly credible, they will rely on the media for information, will increase their exposure to media messages, and in turn will become more susceptible to agenda-setting effects. A path analysis supports the model. All path coefficients in the final model are statistically significant. Effects coefficients suggest that only exposure plays a major role in determining the intensity of agenda-setting effects. A secondary analysis discovered that a credibility index - dealing with community affiliation - also had a direct effect on media agenda-setting.

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Li, Baohui, Yadong Fang, Wei Xu, Jiaxing Wang, Lanlan Rui, and Min Lei. "Distributed Incentive Mechanism Based on Hyperledger Fabric." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2224, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2224/1/012130.

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Abstract Crowd sensing is a new type of data acquisition method that can efficiently and diversify the realization of sensing tasks. However, this method currently has some problems, such as data storage being overly dependent on third-party platforms, and there is a lack of reliable data credible evaluation methods. To solve this problem, our paper proposes a distributed incentive mechanism based on Hyperledger Fabric (HF-DIM) in the Crowd sensing scenario. In particular, the following questions are studied: How to achieve distributed incentive to solve the traditional incentive that relies on a centralized platform? How to evaluate the credibility of the sensing data provided by the users? To the former question, we implement a multi-attribute auction algorithm based on smart contracts, and distributed incentives are implemented using blockchain deployed contracts. To the latter question, We propose a K-nearest neighbor outlier detection algorithm based on geographic location and similarity to evaluate the credibility of the data and establish a reputation index based on the credibility of the data. Through simulation experiments using real data set, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed framework and algorithm are verified.

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Pan, Ying, Ji Hu, and Shao Zhong. "The joint prediction model of pBMI and eFBG in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 030006051988919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519889199.

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Objective To explore the predictive value of prepregnancy body mass index (pBMI) and early gestational fasting blood glucose (eFBG) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods This case–control study enrolled pregnant women at 6 to 16 weeks of gestation. The pBMI, eFBG and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was recorded in the first trimester of pregnancy. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to measure the efficacy of factors that predict GDM. Results A total of 2119 pregnant women were enrolled in this study. Of these, 386 were diagnosed with GDM and 1733 did not have GDM. The age (odds ratio [OR] 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13, 1.20), pBMI (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.07, 1.17) and eFBG (OR 5.37; 95% CI 3.93, 7.34) were independent risk factors for GDM occurrence. The areas under the ROC curve of eFBG, pBMI and eFBG + pBMI were 0.68 (95% credibility interval 0.65, 0.71), 0.66 (95% credibility interval 0.63, 0.69) and 0.71 (95% credibility interval 0.69, 0.74), respectively. The area under the curve of eFBG + pBMI was significantly higher than that of eFBG or pBMI alone. Conclusion The combination of eFBG and pBMI had a high predictive value for GDM.

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Shin, Seong-Kweon. "On the Credibility Judgment of Eyewitness Statements using Tension Index according to Electroencephalogram (EEG) Analysis." Korean Academy of Scientific Criminal Investigation 15, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20297/jsci.2021.15.4.274.

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Zhang, Tai Feng, Xiao Hua Yang, Wei Yi Zhao, and Shi Lu Zhang. "Aircraft Three-Proof Index System Establishment and Evaluation Method Study." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 2329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.2329.

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In view of comprehensive evaluation of the Three-Proof performance for modern aircraft, and based on the damage mechanism of heat and humidity, salt air, and mildew, the comprehensive evaluation index system is established. The weight of each evaluation index is determined with mathematical statistics method and the operations research theory. The comprehensive evaluation model for aircraft Three-Proof performance under the influence of multi-factors is established by using the technology of multi-index comprehensive evaluation synthesis. Through normalized and standardized processing of the data, the Three-Proof performance comprehensive evaluation was carried out on several kinds of typical aircraft in our country. The evaluation result is reasonable, which confirms the credibility of the model as well as the method.

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Li, Yin, Jiachang Li, Baihong Li, Longhao Zhang, Zhi Zeng, and Wen Zeng. "An Evaluation Index System for Research Efficiency of Research-Oriented Hospitals in China." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 58 (January 2021): 004695802110594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580211059469.

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A specific and rational index system is key to scientific research evaluation. According to the characteristics and status of research-oriented hospitals in China, this study aimed to construct a comprehensive and methodical system for scientific research evaluation. Using bibliometric research, we sorted and refined indices for both domestic and international scientific research evaluation systems, established two-dimensional indices of input and output, and constructed the theoretical framework of evaluation after experts. The Delphi method was adopted to determine the evaluation indices at all levels, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to calculate the weights of the indices at all levels. Twenty experts from different medical fields were involved in the 2 rounds study. Altogether, 7 primary, 14 secondary, and 37 tertiary indices were included in the evaluation system. A matrix was built to conduct the maximum eigenvalue, the consistency indices, and the consistency ratio of each expert in the survey. The index weight coefficients of the indices were calculated accordingly. The model exhibited high consistency, and the credibility of the results was verified. The evaluation system for research-oriented hospitals that we established had high specificity, credibility, and rationality. The evaluation system that we established combines some quantitative evaluation indicators, which are subsequently weighted according to their importance in the field of research-oriented hospital. Evaluation index system will provide the practical manner in the future for comparing the potential academic level and impact of research-oriented hospitals. Moreover, further verification, adjustments, and optimization of the system and indicators will be performed in follow-up empirical studies.

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Li, Jiaru, Fangwei Zhang, Qiang Li, Jing Sun, Janney Yee, Shuhong Wang, and Shujun Xiao. "Novel Parameterized Distance Measures on Hesitant Fuzzy Sets with Credibility Degree and Their Application in Decision-Making." Symmetry 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10110557.

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The subject of this study is to explore the role of cardinality of hesitant fuzzy element (HFE) in distance measures on hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs). Firstly, three parameters, i.e., credibility factor, conservative factor, and a risk factor are introduced, thereafter, a series of novel distance measures on HFSs are proposed using these three parameters. These newly proposed distance measures handle the relationship between the cardinal number and the element values of hesitant fuzzy set well, and are suitable to combine subjective and objective decision-making information. When using these functions, decision makers with different risk preferences are allowed to give different values for these three parameters. In particular, this study transfers the hesitance degree index to a credibility of the values in HFEs, which is consistent with people’s intuition. Finally, the practicability of the newly proposed distance measures is verified by two examples.

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Chen, Xinyou, Cheng Guang, and Du Hua. "Credibility Analysis of Accounting Cloud Service Based on Complex Network." Journal of Sensors 2022 (June 11, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5420772.

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Compared with the previous accounting information system (hereinafter referred to as AIS), the dynamic and changing environment of accounting cloud service, cloud storage away from enterprise entities, service modules selected for purchase, and seamless dynamic configuration. With the emergence of new situations such as the reconstruction of accounting information processing process, the emergence of new features increases the information risk of enterprises. Therefore, taking reasonable and effective measures can enable enterprises to intuitively understand whether AIS is credible in the accounting cloud service environment. Referring to the existing research system in the field of reliability evaluation, this paper analyzes the current situation of accounting cloud service and its characteristics compared with the previous AIS and divides it into four parts: normative inspection, index calculation, and reliability calculation to illustrate the method system for measuring the reliability of accounting cloud service. This paper analyzes the reliability requirements and reliability attributes of accounting cloud services and constructs a reliability evaluation grade model combined with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to guide the selection of users and the quality management of cloud accounting suppliers. Considering the complexity and dynamics of AIS reliability evaluation in accounting cloud service environment, the reliability of AIS is also affected by the complex call relationship between modules; combined with the complex network theory, a reliability analysis and evaluation method of accounting cloud service based on complex network are proposed.

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Ryan, Rachel, Jessica Bihuniak, Audrey Lyndon, and Allison Hepworth. "Breastfeeding Mothers’ Use of Foods, Beverages, and Herbal Supplements to Increase Breast Milk Production and Associated Information Seeking Behaviors." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac066.009.

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Abstract Objectives Information seeking behaviors may influence how breastfeeding mothers respond to perceived insufficient milk, a primary reason for early breastfeeding cessation. The objectives of the current study were to describe where breastfeeding mothers obtained information about milk supply, and to explore whether aspects of information seeking behavior were associated with the use of foods, beverages, and herbal supplements as galactagogues. Methods Data for the current study were collected using a cross-sectional online survey. Facebook advertisements were used to recruit women who were currently breastfeeding a singleton child and living in the United States. Participants self-reported if they ever used foods/beverages (yes, no) and herbal supplements (yes, no) to increase their breast milk production. Additional questions assessed sources of milk supply information, eHealth literacy (eHEALS), website credibility assessment practices (Hargittai Internet Credibility Index), and general credibility assessment. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated associations between information seeking characteristics and the use of foods/beverages and herbal supplements, while adjusting for select demographic and breastfeeding characteristics. Results A total of 1123 breastfeeding mothers (non-Hispanic white = 81%; first time breastfeeding = 47%; WIC participant = 21%) were included in the analysis. Lactation consultants (68%), Facebook (61%), search engines (50%), websites (47%), and nurses (41%) were the most common sources of information about milk supply. Results from adjusted models revealed that select sources of milk supply information and general credibility assessment were associated with the use of foods, beverages, and herbal supplements as galactagogues (p < 0.05). Conclusions These findings are relevant to the development and dissemination of breastfeeding education programming that aims to provide breastfeeding mothers with information about strategies that support breast milk production. Funding Sources None.

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Filonovich, M. S., R. Azevedo, L. R. Rojas-Solórzano, and J. B. Leal. "Credibility analysis of computational fluid dynamic simulations for compound channel flow." Journal of Hydroinformatics 15, no. 3 (February 18, 2013): 926–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2013.187.

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In this paper, verification and validation of a turbulence closure model is performed for an experimental compound channel flow, where the velocity and turbulent fields were measured by a Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV). Detailed Explicit Algebraic Reynolds Stress Model (EARSM) simulations are reported. There are numerous methods and techniques available to evaluate the numerical uncertainty associated with grid resolution. The authors have adopted the Grid Convergence Index (GCI) approach. The velocity components, the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE), the dissipation rate and the Reynolds stresses were used as variables of interest. The GCI results present low values for the u velocity component, but higher values in what concerns the v velocity component and w velocity component (representing secondary flows) and for Reynolds stresses RSxy and RSyz. This indicates that the mean flow has converged but the turbulent field and secondary flows still depend on grid resolution. Based on GCI values distribution, the medium and fine meshes were further refined. In addition to GCI analysis, the authors have performed linear regression analysis for estimating the mesh quality in what concerns small value variables. Comparison of numerical and experimental results shows good agreement.

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Hanson, R. Karl. "Assessing the Calibration of Actuarial Risk Scales." Criminal Justice and Behavior 44, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854816683956.

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Assessing the predictive accuracy of actuarial risk assessment tools requires consideration of discrimination (the differences between recidivists and nonrecidivists) and calibration (the credibility of the recidivism rates associated with test scores or categories). Currently, there are no conventions for reporting calibration effect sizes for offender risk tools. This article explains one promising calibration effect size statistic (the Expected/Observed [E/O] index) and provides an illustrative example of how it can be calculated and interpreted. Briefly, the E/O index is the ratio of the expected number of recidivists to the observed number of recidivists. Guidance is provided for calculating the E/O index with fixed follow-up data as well as from survival data. This article also discusses alternative approaches to examining calibration and provides references to other studies using the E/O index to assess the calibration of offender risk scales.

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Chen, Shiyou, Baohui Li, Lanlan Rui, Jiaxing Wang, and Xingyu Chen. "A blockchain-based creditable and distributed incentive mechanism for participant mobile crowdsensing in edge computing." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 19, no. 4 (2022): 3285–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2022152.

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<abstract> <p>With the popularization of portable smart devices, the advance in ubiquitous connectivity and the Internet of Things (IoT), mobile crowdsensing is becoming one of the promising applications to acquire information in the physical world of edge computing and is widely used in Smart Cities. However, most of the existing mobile crowdsensing models are based on centralized platforms, which have some problems in reality. Data storage is overly dependent on third-party platforms leading to single-point failures. Besides, trust issues seriously affect users' willingness to participate and the credibility of data. To solve these two problems, a creditable and distributed incentive mechanism based on Hyperledger Fabric (HF-CDIM) is proposed in this paper. Specifically, the HF-CDIM combines auction, reputation and data detection methods. First, we develop a multi-attribute auction algorithm with a reputation on blockchain by designing a smart contract, which achieves a distributed incentive mechanism for participants. Second, we propose a K-nearest neighbor outlier detection algorithm based on geographic location and similarity to quantify the credibility of the data. It is also used to update the user's reputation index. This guarantees the credibility of sensing data. Finally, the simulation results using real-world data set verify the effectiveness and feasibility of above mechanism.</p> </abstract>

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Chairunisa, Mia, and Siti Herawati. "Peran Mediasi Brand Image pada Pengaruh E-WOM terhadap Repurchase Intention Pelembab Pond’s di Kota Bandung." Portofolio: Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi 19, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26874/portofolio.v19i2.256.

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Kosmetik telah menjadi kebutuhan sehari-hari kaum wanita, salah satunya adalah pelembab wajah. Pada tahun 2019- 2021 kategori pelembab wajah di TBI (Top Brand Index) telah mengalami pertumbuhan sebesar 4,6% per tahun, berbanding terbalik dengan pelembab wajah merek Pond’s. Kondisi tersebut mengindikasikan rendahnya repurchase intention pada pelembab wajah Pond’s. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur pengaruh electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) terhadap repurchase intention melalui brand image pada pelembab wajah Pond’s di Kota Bandung. Pengukuran e-WOM menggunakan dimensi credibility, quality, dan quantity. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 responden dengan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah uji validitas dan reliabilitas intrumen, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi berganda, dan uji sobel. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa e-WOM credibility tidak berpengaruh terhadap brand image, e-WOM quality tidak berpengaruh terhadap repurchase intention, sementara itu brand image tidak dapat memediasi hubungan seluruh dimensi e-WOM terhadap repurchase intention.

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Zheng, Wei, Long Yue Zhang, Fu Bo Liang, Chao Ma, and Yan Dong Xing. "A New Method to Optimize Locations of SVC Based on Risk and Static Load Margin." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1887–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1887.

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A method was proposed selecting the location of SVC, considering the power system with large wind farms interconnected. The location can be determined by risk index, which comprises credibility and global severity, and static load margin simultaneously. The method could consider the weak links and buses under both fault and normal conditions thus make better contribution to the system security. Case study shows that the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method, comparing with the usual one.

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Mislin, Alexander. "Inclusion of Asset Prices: An Argument for Monetary Policy and the Phillips Curve." Applied Economics Quarterly: Volume 64, Issue 3 64, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/aeq.64.3.239.

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Abstract This article develops an augmented price index that includes house prices, so that the relationship between inflation and unemployment levels in the traditional Phillips curve can be better represented. This general price index may be considered complementary to the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) and establishes the model-theoretical basis for a new-Keynesian model that derives the conditions for a monetary policy rule in a dynamic stochastic optimization procedure. Based on a simple stochastic differential equation for augmented inflation, we show that the reaction of the central bank depends on the marginal effects on augmented inflation and the output gap of an infinitesimal change in asset prices. This analysis could be interpreted as a way of using asset prices for a general price index, being an adequate method to restore monetary credibility. JEL classifications: E52, E58, G10 Keywords: monetary policy, asset prices, Phillips curve

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Zakharchuk, Tatyana. "Evaluation of scientific work in the library and information field." Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 8 (August 1, 2017): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2017-8-18-27.

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The author highlights the criteria for assessing library scientist's impact by the number of the publications using citation indices and Hirsch factor. The functions, advantages and drawbacks of citation indices are discussed, as well as the factors to affect Hirsch index. The author examines the credibility of the Russian Science Citation Index data and the quality of journal publications in the HAC list. Standards of originality in the Antiplagiat system and the quality of scientific publications in the library science, bibliography and bibliology are discussed. Some approaches toward scientific work evaluation in the modern library and information science are proposed. The author argues that the quantitative indicators should be combined with the expert assessment.

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Wu, Mao Sheng, Chan Juan Li, and Lian Heng Li. "Research of Multi-Objectives Priority Selection System of Traffic Information Release Mode." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 2191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.2191.

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Providing timely and accurate traffic information for road users can effectively improve the efficiency of road network by choosing the appropriate traffic information release mode in different places properly. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of several main information release mode at present, this paper selects the optimization model indexes of information release mode according to the appraisal index selection principles. Because of the different important degree of each evaluation index and the cognitive limitations of experts in different fields, it introduces expert credibility to optimize the traditional method of determining the weights locally, and determines the weights, and then sets up the multi-objectives priority selection method of traffic information release mode.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Credibility index'

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