Academic literature on the topic 'Crassostrea – Diseases – Environmental aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Crassostrea – Diseases – Environmental aspects"
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Correa, Juan A., and Pablo A. S�nchez. "Ecological aspects of algal infectious diseases." Hydrobiologia 326-327, no. 1 (July 1996): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00047792.
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Aral, Sevgi Okten. "Behavioral Aspects of Sexually Transmitted Diseases." Sexually Transmitted Diseases 27, no. 6 (July 2000): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007435-200007000-00005.
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Van Minh, Hoang, Dao Lan Huong, Kim Bao Giang, and Peter Byass. "Economic aspects of chronic diseases in Vietnam." Global Health Action 2, no. 1 (November 11, 2009): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v2i0.1965.
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Andersson, Emma R., and Ansgar W. Lohse. "Advances in genetic, epigenetic and environmental aspects of rare liver diseases." European Journal of Medical Genetics 65, no. 2 (February 2022): 104411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104411.
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Yamamoto, Kazuya. "Environmental aspects of skin diseases in children: management of common problems." Clinics in Dermatology 21, no. 4 (July 2003): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0738-081x(03)00046-4.
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Yutani, Chikao. "Pathological Aspects of Venous Diseases Including Pulmonary Embolism." Japanese Journal of Phlebology 21, no. 1 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7134/phlebol.21-1-1.
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Takken, Willem. "Chemical ecology of insect vectors: temporal, environmental and physiological aspects." Trends in Parasitology 21, no. 2 (February 2005): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2004.11.005.
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Gromakina, E. V., N. V. Tyunina, E. D. Egorova, and E. A. Sozurakova. "Pathogenetic aspects of cataract in comorbid conditions." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 5 (September 30, 2022): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-5-65-68.
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Relevance. Research by ophthalmologists, biologists, biochemists, biophysicists, physiologists have shown the significance of xeno- and endobiotic effects on the induction of cataracts and other degenerative diseases of the structures and membranes of the eye. Objective research goal was an evaluation of comorbid background in people of different ages with a diagnosis of senile cataract. Material and methods an analysis of the case histories of 173 patients of an independent sample with a diagnosis of "senile cataract" admitted for planned inpatient surgical treatment was carried out. The evaluation was carried out by decades of human life: younger than 40 years old, 41–50 years old, 51–60 years old, 61–70 years old, 71–80 years old and over 80 years old. The Charlson method was used to calculate the comorbidity index. Results patients who had senile cataract and concomitant somatic diseases, the most frequent- diseases of the cardiovascular system – 129 (74.6 %); violation of carbohydrate metabolism – 35 (20.2 %); diseases of the central nervous system – 33 (19.1 %); musculoskeletal system – 30 (17.3 %); diseases of the respiratory system – 19 (11.0 %). Conclusions. 1. A human's age of 51–60 years should be considered critical for the occurrence of senile cataract. 2. In the decade of life 51–60 years, there is an increase in persons with senile cataract by 3.3 and the frequency of concomitant somatic pathology (according to the index of comorbidity) by 2.25. Keywords: senile cataract, age, somatic diseases, index of comorbidity
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Khutoryanina, I. V., and T. I. Tverdohlebova. "Toxocarosis in the South of Russia: epidemiological and environmental aspects." Infekcionnye bolezni 19, no. 2 (2021): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-2-109-112.
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Toxocarosis is a widespread parasitic infection and a significant healthcare challenge. Humans can be infected through contacts with animals and soil contaminated by eggs of Toxocara сanis. Children aged 3–5 years are particularly vulnerable population because of their active contact with soil. Veterinary specialists, people working in dog shelters, zoos, groceries, and people who have gardens are also at risk of infection. Objective. To analyze the epidemiological situation of toxocarosis in the South of Russia. Materials and methods. The Laboratory of Sanitary and Parasitological Monitoring, Medical Parasitology, and Immunology of Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, has been continuously monitoring the situation with parasitoses in the Southern Federal District for many years. A total of 1,026 samples of soil were collected in 2012–2020. We performed serological and epidemiological examination for toxocarosis among residents of this Federal District. Results. We found that the number of seropositive individuals and soil contamination with the eggs of Toxocara spp. in the Southern Federal District were high and were not consistent with the official figures of toxocarosis incidence. This suggests that the true level of toxocarosis incidence is significantly higher than that officially reported for this territory. Conclusion. Our study confirmed that environment contamination with the eggs of Toxocara spp. is the main risk factor for toxocarosis in humans. Key words: toxocarosis, Toxocara spp., epidemiological situation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, sanitary and parasitological examination, soil
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Farooq, Aamir. "Environmental Aspects of Toll Plazas & Vehicular Pollution." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 1805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39121.
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Abstract: The study aims to encapsulate the effects of toll plazas on environment. It is intended to outline various environmental aspects that are of serious concern and should be looked upon necessarily to curtail their long term ill effects on environment and humans. The rapid development in urban India has resulted in a tremendous increase in the number of motor vehicles. Air pollution is a serious environmental health threat to humans. Adverse effects range from nausea, difficulty in breathing and skin irritations, birth defects, immunosuppression and cancer. Air pollution, particularly in the form of particulate matter, is a serious challenge in India, and transportation is a significant factor in the nation’s air quality problems. According to the 2017 Global Burden of Disease, some 1.1 million people in India die prematurely each year from diseases directly related to air pollution, making it the fifth leading cause of death in the country. Transportation sources account for approximately a third of PM pollution in India, and a somewhat higher proportion of nitrogen oxides, another set of compounds harmful to human health. Because its vehicle fleet is small relative to its large population, India has very low per capita transportation emissions. But that fleet is growing rapidly: total vehicle sales (including motorcycles) increased from about 10 million in 2007 to over 21 million in2016, and the total number of vehicles on the road is expected to nearly double to about 200 million by 2030. All these situations indicate that air pollution becoming a major problem in Indian context and there is an essential need to build up healthy environment and increase the level of research around the world. The study is based on the case study results from one of the toll plaza’s (KACHKOOT TOLL PLAZA) in j&k,India .. Keywords: (Air pollution, Vehicular emission, Carcinogenicity ,Air Quality Index, Toll, Diseases)
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crassostrea – Diseases – Environmental aspects"
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Jones, Trevor O. "Uptake and depuration of the antibiotics, oxytetracycline and Romet-30 in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28991.
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Use of antibiotics in the aquaculture industry for the control of bacterial infections in salmon has led to public concern regarding antibiotic residues in salmon tissue and the potential health risk this poses to humans. Oxytetracycline and Romet-30 are two common antibacterial agents utilized to control disease in the local finfish aquaculture industry of British Columbia, Canada. Many fish farms in British Columbia are located within close proximity to existing shellfish stocks. The potential for antibiotic bioconcentration and the production of bacterial resistance to the drugs in bivalves is a concern. The development of a solid phase extraction technique for these two drugs from Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas was accomplished. Analysis of whole oysters via HPLC revealed detectable levels of oxytetracycline and Romet-30 up to 4 weeks after antibiotic treatment at the salmon farm site. Oysters suspended in the salmon net pens and surrounding waters were sampled over a 5 month period. Concentration of oxytetracycline residues in oyster tissue reached a maximum of 0.11 ppm (n=2). Levels of sulphadimethoxine in oyster tissue reached a maximum concentration of 1.27 ppm (n=2). Maximum detectable concentrations of ormetoprim in oysters were 0.26 ppm (n=2).
A controlled study investigating uptake and depuration of oxytetracycline and Romet-30 in the Pacific oyster revealed results similar to those described for the salmon farm. A flow through drug delivery system for the Pacific oyster was utilized over a ten day uptake and thirty day depuration period. Levels of oxytetracycline in whole animal tissue increased in a linear fashion (r²=0.984) over the uptake period. This indicates that the drug was bioaccumulated in the oyster reaching a maximum concentration of 10.72 ± 2.4 s.e. ppm (n= 3) on day 10 of uptake. Depuration of the drug was rapid. After thirteen days a concentration of 0.21 ± 0.04 s.e. ppm (n=7) was detected. The detection of Romet-30 in the uptake and depuration in the oyster was more erratic. Day 7 of uptake revealed a maximum concentration of sulphadimethoxine and ormetoprim of 1.092 ± 0.24 s.e. ppm (n=7) and 0.21 ppm (n=3) respectively. Depuration of Romet-30 was rapid. The concentration decreased to 0.029 ppm (n=3) by day 13.
Condition indices of oysters sampled before and after antibiotic treatment indicated a significant increase (p<0.05) in condition index after treatment with medicated feed.
A quantitative survey of bacteria associated with the gut of the oyster was performed. Relative numbers of endogenous bacteria were compared to oysters before and after antibiotic treatment. Numbers of bacteria significantly decreased (p< 0.05) following treatment.Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
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Stickler, Shawn Michael. "Natural dermo resistance and related defense mechanisms in eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, with implications for restoration." W&M ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616864.
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American oyster (Crassostrea virginica) stocks on the East Coast in general, and in Chesapeake Bay in particular, have been in decline over the past half-century in large part due to Dermo disease, caused by the protist parasite Perkinsus marinus. Efforts to restore oysters for their ecological and economic value have centered on the development and use of hatchery-based seed selectively bred for disease resistance. Selective breeding could benefit from the incorporation of oysters from wild stocks that have developed "natural Dermo resistance", but few such stocks have been identified and verified. This dissertation describes reciprocal common-garden experiments carried out at two sites in each of the Gulf of Mexico and the Chesapeake Bay between fall 1999 and winter 2001. The experiments compared growth, disease intensity, and survival of seed from putatively disease resistant and susceptible populations in both the Gulf of Mexico and Chesapeake Bay. In the Gulf experiment, oysters from Gulf stocks showed increased survival and decreased disease intensity, determined by body burden analysis of parasite cell counts, compared to Chesapeake stocks. Survival and disease intensities showed statistically significant, but slight differences among stocks of Gulf origin and among stocks of Chesapeake origin. There was no significant difference in growth over the eighteen months of the experiment. The Chesapeake study also showed lower infection intensity and decreases mortality attributable to Dermo disease in Gulf stocks. There were also significant differences in disease intensity and survival among Chesapeake stocks. Additionally, the stock from Rappahannock River, VA showed increased growth compared to other stocks. In an additional study, oysters from the Chesapeake Bay study were used to determine if an association existed between disease intensity (body burden) and host defense activity, as measured by a suite of assays, including hemocyte counts, granulocyte percentage, hemocyte killing ability, serum protein concentration, and serum lysozyme activity. Development of two new assays, serum inhibition of P. marinus protease, and serum inhibition of P. marinus activity, was begun, but require additional refinement. No strong correlation or association was found, but a seasonal component was apparent in several defense assays, as well as in disease intensity. This work has identified and verified wild stocks that have been incorporated into existing breeding programs for both restoration and the development of commercial aquaculture in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. The existence of disease resistant wild stocks also suggests that the conservation of wild oysters is a viable alternative or addition to current hatchery-based restoration efforts.
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Fincher, Cynthia Ellen. "Mental Status, Intellectual, and Mood States Associated with Environmental Illness Patients." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500843/.
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The purpose of the present study was to begin development of a psychological profile for environmentally ill patients. Existing psychiatric labels are unable to encompass these patients. Test scores were drawn from a pool of 89 patients whose environmental exposures were verified by the presence of toxins in the blood serum. A Mental Status Exam, a Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised screen, and the Profile of Mood States were administered. Results indicate a primary pattern which is significantly different from test norms consisting of fatigue, reduced mental functioning, and a lack of psychotic or personality disorder indicators. The reported symptoms of environmentally ill patients were objectively verified by current psychological test instruments. The need for a new diagnostic category for people who have been poisoned by environmental toxins is discussed.
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Lau, Hoi-lun, and 劉海倫. "Genetic and environmental determinants of bone mineral density in Southern Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31930633.
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Lockart, Esther. "Memory Patterns: Differentiated between Environmental Sensitive Patients and Psychiatric Patients." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278534/.
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The purpose of the present study was to ascertain if environmentally sensitive patients would demonstrate different memory deficit patterns than psychiatric patients on objectively measurable memory tasks. One-hundred sixteen patients were surveyed; 56 environmentally sensitive patients were compared to 60 psychiatric patients. All subjects were administered a Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised screen, the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised and the Harrell-Butler Comprehensive Neurocognitive Screen after history of head injury was ruled out. Results indicate a significantly different pattern of memory dysfunction between the environmental patients and the psychiatric patients, indicating two different etiologies. A screening device derived from the coefficients from a Canonical Analysis is proposed to distinguish between the two populations in the absence of blood serum levels of environmental toxins or poisons. The detrimental effects of misdiagnosis and the beneficial effects of accurate diagnosis of environmental illness are discussed.
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Encomio, Vincent G. "A study of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica: (1) Dermo tolerance, survival, growth, condition and Hsp70 expression in different geographic stocks; (2) Heat tolerance and effects of sublethal heat shock on survival and Hsp70 expression of infected and uninfected oysters." W&M ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616642.
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The diseases Dermo and MSX have devastated Chesapeake Bay populations of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. The protozoan Perkinsus marinus, which causes Dermo, is particularly problematic since it persists over a wide range of salinities and temperatures. An objective of this dissertation was to determine whether specific wild oyster stocks had developed natural resistance to Dermo and if several parameters (survival, growth, condition and energy reserves) were associated with resistance. Another objective was to characterize heat shock protein (hsp70) expression in the eastern oyster. Heat shock proteins such as hsp70 protect organisms from thermal stress and other stressors, and this function may play an important role in disease resistance in oysters. In field trials a F0 Chesapeake Bay stock from Tangier Sound (CTS) survived similarly to a disease resistant hatchery strain (XB). A Louisiana stock was also resistant to Dermo, but not MSX. Despite high mortality, a disease-susceptible stock (CRB) reached market size the fastest. Growth and condition index varied between stocks, but did not reflect Dermo resistance. Energy reserves were affected strongly by season, but not disease or stock. Results imply that Dermo resistant strains could be developed from these stocks but criteria for optimal strain selection for aquaculture and restoration may be divergent. Mortalities of F1 oysters (CRB, CTS and XB) were similar to F0 parents, demonstrating a genetic basis to Dermo resistance. Total hsp70 did not correlate with seasonal temperatures, while hsp70 isoforms (hsp69 and hsp72) varied inversely across seasons. Hsp70 did not vary significantly between strains, indicating a stronger environmental influence on hsp70 expression. In lab experiments hsp70 in oyster gills was elevated greater than two weeks after a sub-lethal heat shock. Thermal tolerance, but not hsp70, varied between CTS and Louisiana oyster stocks. Heat shock protected oysters experimentally infected with P. marinus and non-infected oysters from lethal heat stress. Infection alone induced expression of hsp70. Observed inherent and induced differences in thermal tolerance suggest that both genotype and phenotype may be manipulated to improve survival in cultured bivalves. The implications of this research for bivalve aquaculture as well as areas for future research are discussed.
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Salie, Muneeb. "Investigating candidate genes identified by genome-wide studies of granulomatous diseases in susceptibility to tuberculosis: ANXA11 and the CADM family." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5472.
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Thesis (MScMedSc (Biomedical Sciences))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Medical Science (Human Genetics) at the University of Stellenbosch.
Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The infectious disease tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death worldwide by a single infectious agent, despite significant advances in biomedical sciences. The idea that host genetics plays a role in the development of disease was proposed by Haldane in 1949. The observation that only 10% of immunocompetent individuals develop disease while others are able to successfully contain it, further suggests that host genetics plays an important role. TB is thus a complex disease, with the causative bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, host genetic factors and environment all contributing to the development of disease. To date several genes have been implicated in TB susceptibility, albeit with small effect. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) offer the means to identify novel susceptibility variants and pathways through their ability to interrogate polymorphisms throughout the genome without being limited by our understanding of the immune processes involved in TB infection and disease progression. TB and sarcoidosis are both granulomatous diseases, and we therefore hypothesized that the genes and their associated variants identified in recent GWAS conducted in West Africa for TB, and Germany for sarcoidosis, could alter susceptibility to TB in the South African Coloured (SAC) population. In the sarcoidosis GWAS, ANXA11 was shown to alter susceptibility to sarcoidosis; whereas in the TB GWAS, CADM1 was found to alter susceptibility to TB. This study tested the association with TB of 16 polymorphisms in 5 potential TB host susceptibility genes in the SAC population. A well designed case-control study was employed, using the TaqMan® genotyping system to type the various polymorphisms. Any polymorphism that was found to be significantly associated with susceptibility to TB was then subjected to further analysis to determine the functional effect of the polymorphism. Promoter methylation patterns were also investigated in ANXA11 as another mechanism to elucidate its role in TB susceptibility. A 3’ UTR ANXA11 polymorphism was found to be strongly associated with susceptibility to TB, including 3 haplotypes. The gene expression analysis identified differential transcriptional levels between individual with the different genotypes, with individuals homozygous for the A-allele exhibiting a 1.2-fold increase in gene expression relative to those homozygous for the G-allele. Methylation analysis however found no differences between cases and controls. In addition, 16 novel polymorphisms were also identified, 15 of which occurred in the 3’UTR of ANXA11. The mechanism of action of ANXA11 in TB susceptibility is hypothesised to be in the area of endocytosis, autophagy or apoptosis. A weak association was noted with one of the 5’ UTR polymorphisms of CADM3, which did not hold up to further analysis in the GWAS study, and no functional work was therefore done. This work facilitates our understanding of the role of host genetics in susceptibility to TB and adds to the growing amount of information available. Proper understanding of the role that host genetics plays in TB susceptibility could result in better treatment regimens and prediction of individuals who are at a greater risk of developing TB, a disease that still kills millions of individuals annually.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tuberkulose is verantwoordelik vir meer sterftes as enige ander aansteeklike siekte, ten spyte van die voortuitgang wat die Biomediese Wetenskappe tans beleef. In 1949 het Haldane voorgestel dat die genetiese samestelling van die gasheer ‘n rol speel in vatbaarheid vir aansteeklike siektes. Vir tuberkulose word hierdie aanname gesteun deur die feit dat slegs 10% van individue wat geïnfekteer word aktiewe simptome ontwikkel, terwyl 90% die siekte suksesvol sal afweer. Tuberkulose is dus ‘n komplekse siekte wat veroorsaak word deur Mycobacterium tuberculosis, maar wat beïnvloed word deur genetiese sowel as omgewingsfaktore. Verskeie gene is al geïdentifiseer wat ‘n rol speel in vatbaarheid vir tuberkulose, tog is hul invloed betreklik klein. Genoom-wye assosiasiestudies (GWAS) bied unieke geleenthede vir die identifisering van nuwe polimorfismes wat genetiese vatbaarheid kan beïnvloed. Hierdie tegniek kan die hele genoom fynkam, sonder dat enige vooropgestelde idees oor die immuunrespons teen tuberkulose ‘n invloed sal hê. Tuberkulose en sarkoïdose is albei siektes wat die vorming van granulomas veroorsaak. Verskeie gene met hul geassosieerde variante is geïdentifiseer in ‘n onlangse GWAS, wat gefokus het op populasies in Wes-Afrika en Duitsland. Ons hipotese was dat die polimorfismes wat in hierdie studie geïdentifiseer is, ‘n invloed kan hê op genetiese vatbaarheid vir TB in die Suid-Afrikaanse Kleurlingbevolking (SAK). Die sarkoïdose GWAS het bevind dat ANXA11 vatbaarheid vir die siekte beïnvloed, terwyl CADM1 in die tuberkulose GWAS geïdentifiseer is. Die studie het die assosiasie tussen 16 variante en tuberkulose vatbaarheid ondersoek in die SAK populasie. Die variante strek oor 5 potensiële tuberkulose vatbaarheidsgene. Goedbeplande pasiënt-kontrole assosiasiestudies is gedoen en die polimorfismes is gegenotipeer deur gebruik te maak van die TaqMan® genotiperingsisteem. Enige polimorfisme wat beduidend met tuberkulose geassosieer was, is verder geanaliseer om die moontlike funksionele invloed daarvan te bepaal. Promotormetileringspatrone van ANXA11 is ook geanaliseer, om ‘n addisionele meganisme in tuberkulose vatbaarheidheid te ondersoek. Na genotipering van die polimorfismes is ‘n 3’ UTR ANXA11 variant geïdentifiseer wat beduidend met tuberkulose vatbaarheid geassosieer was. Drie haplotipes is ook geïdentifiseer. Geenuitdrukkingsanalise het aangedui dat verskille in transkripsie vlakke voorkom in individue met verskillende genotipes. Individue wat homosigoties was vir die A-alleel het ‘n verhoging van 1.2 in geenuitdrukking gehad, relatief tot individue wat homosigoties was vir die G-alleel. Metileringsanalise het egter geen verskil aangedui tussen pasiënte en kontroles nie. Addisioneel, is 16 nuwe variante ontdek, waarvan 15 in die 3’UTR van ANXA11 geleë was. Die meganisme waarmee ANAX11 genetiese vatbaarheid vir tuberkulose beïnvloed, blyk in die area van endositose, apoptose of outofagie, te wees. ‘n Swak assosiasie is gevind vir ‘n 5’ UTR variant van CADM3 en is nie verder opgevolg in die GWAS nie. Gevolglik is geen funksionele studies op hierdie polimorfisme gedoen nie. Hierdie studie dra by tot ons kennis oor die rol wat die genetiese samestelling van die gasheer speel in vatbaarheid vir tuberkulose. Indien die rol van mensgenetika in tuberkulose vatbaarheid korrek verstaan word, kan behandeling van die siekte verbeter word en kan individue wat ‘n hoër risiko loop om tuberkulose te ontwikkel geïdentifiseer word.
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Yu, Li, and 于力. "The association between floor level of residence and mortality of elders living in public housing estates in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46944047.
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Hung, Wing Yee. "Biological sensing of polychlorinated biphenyls by bioluminescence zebrafish." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2010. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1166.
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Morren, Carel-Jan Hendrikus. "Die bepaling van sekere plaagdoderreste in die bloed van plaaswerkers op appelplase in die Elgin-distrik." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1478.
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Thesis (Masters Diploma (Technology)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town,1994Pesticides are generally used in south-Africa for the control of various pests; from insects and fungi to weeds. The agricultural industry is probably the biggest user of pesticides and therefore workers in this part of the labour force have the biggest risk of being exposed to the hazards of these essential products. During the 1988/89 deciduous fruit season the deciduous fruit industry earned approximately R1000 million in foreign exchange. It is therefore very important for this industry to produce fruit of high quality in a very competitive market. Of the total deciduous exports, apples comprised approximately 62,5%. The EIgin-Grabouw area is the biggest producer of apples. This industry is clearly very dependant on pesticides to protect its crops against pests. From time to time farm - workers are exposed to pesticides, a study was therefore performed to access the levels of exposure of farm workers. Blood and urine samples were collected in a comprehensive biological monitoring program in the Elgin area to determine, uusing clinical tests, the level of exposure to pesticides. It was decided later that the determination of pesticide residues in blood would form part of this main study. Other tests included serum and red cell cholinesterase. Samples were collected during August (start of spraying season), November (midseason) and February (end of spraying season). A multi-residue method was developed to extract organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides in whole blood. Although various methods exist, they allow only for the extraction of either organophosphates or organochlorines and not multi-residue extractions. This multi-residue method is based on the liquid/liquid extraction of a blood/Celite/ethanol mixture to extract the following pesticides: Azinphos-methyl, Chlorpyrifos, Endosulfan, Methidathion and Prothiophos. The pesticide residue levels were determined on gas chromatographs equipped with DB-5 and DB-2I0 capillary columns and flame photometric-, electron capture- and nitrogen/phosphorous detectors. The results were confirmed on a gas chromatograph with mass-selective detector in selective ion mode. Of the 402 blood samples analysed, 23 samples showed positive for organophoshates and 29 for organochlorines, and were sent for analysis on the mass spectrometer. Of those samples only one could be positively identified. The presence of the pesticide Endosulfan-B was confirmed. The confirmation of the pesticides was complicated by interfering substances that leached from the rubber stoppers of the collection vessels into the blood. Although the study showed that for practical purposes no pesticides were present, other important information was obtained about the handling and analyses of blood samples for pesticides.
Books on the topic "Crassostrea – Diseases – Environmental aspects"
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M, Cordasco Edward, Demeter Stephen L, and Zenz Carl 1923-, eds. Environmental respiratory diseases. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1995.
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Carlton, James T. South Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve: Final report : the structure of benthic estuarine communities associated with dense suspended populations of the introduced Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas : years 1 and 2. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Estuarine Research Reserve System, 1991.
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Tarlo, Susan. Occupational and environmental lung diseases: Diseases from work, home, outdoor and other exposures. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2010.
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1946-, Taylor Allen, ed. Nutritional and environmental influences on the eye. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1999.
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Heid, Daniel S. Pictonians, pulp mill and pulmonary diseases. Halifax: Nova Scotia Medical Journal, 1989.
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American Academy of Pediatrics. Council on Environmental Health, ed. Pediatric environmental health. 3rd ed. [Elk Grove Village, IL]: American Academy of Pediatrics, 2012.
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Occupational and environmental lung diseases: Diseases from work, home, outdoor and other exposures. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2010.
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D, Kaufman Lee, and Varga John, eds. Rheumatic diseases and the environment. London: Arnold, 1999.
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Y, Kusaka, Hering K. G, and Parker J. E, eds. International classification of HRCT for occupational and environmental respiratory diseases. Tokyo: Springer, 2005.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. Subcommittee on Public Health. Health tracking: Improving surveillance of chronic conditions and potential links to environmental exposure : hearing before the Subcommittee on Public Health of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session ... March 6, 2002. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Crassostrea – Diseases – Environmental aspects"
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Tomecki, K. J. "Environmental (Atypical) Mycobacteria: Clinical Aspects." In Mycobacterial Skin Diseases, 105–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2227-3_4.
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Grange, J. M. "Tuberculosis and Environmental (Atypical) Mycobacterioses: Bacterial Pathological and Immunological Aspects." In Mycobacterial Skin Diseases, 1–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2227-3_1.
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Gatta, Gemma. "Epidemiological Aspects in Nasopharyngeal Cancer." In Critical Issues in Head and Neck Oncology, 319–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63234-2_21.
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AbstractNasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is an uncommon cancer. According to the Global Cancer Observatory, of the 129,000 new diagnoses in 2018, 85% has been made in the Asiatic population. In males the annual age adjusted rate of incidence (per 100,000) dramatically varied between 8 in South-Eastern Asia and <1 in Europe. In Europe (period of diagnosis 1999–2007), the annual incidence rate varied between 0.7 (South of Europe) and 0.2 (North of Europe). Incidence is three time higher in men than women. Elderly are more affected than young people. Five-year survival, from European population based cancer registries was 49% (period 1999–2007), survival was better in younger than in older patients (73% vs. 31%), prognosis was more favorable in women than men (54% vs. 47%). Geographical variation of survival was reported, with poor 5-year in the Eastern European countries (36%).Incidence and population based survival are crucial for public health and planning clinical study. Lifestyle and environmental factors are responsible of the decreasing trend of incidence in quite all the world countries.Being one of the rare diseases, NPC need to be centralized for diagnosis and treatment. In Europe, the European Joint Action of Rare Cancers and the European Reference Network for rare disease will play an important role to make progress and reduce geographical disparities.
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Broom, Donald M. "Welfare of dogs." In Broom and Fraser’s domestic animal behaviour and welfare, 385–91. 6th ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249835.0039.
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Abstract This chapter discusses the welfare issues of dogs on the following aspects: domestication, breeding, mutilations, social and environmental problems, harsh and inadequate training methods, dogs that attacks human and other animals, inappropriate feeding, and inadequate treatment of diseases and unwanted dogs.
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Bredella, Miriam A., and Bruno C. Vande Berg. "Metabolic-Endocrine." In IDKD Springer Series, 169–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71281-5_12.
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AbstractAll components of the musculoskeletal system can be involved by metabolic disorders as a result of endocrine diseases, genetic alterations, and environmental or nutritional aspects, with important worldwide variations in prevalence and severity. Early detection of these disorders is crucial because of the efficacy of preventive measures and availability of treatments. The current chapter will focus on the imaging appearance of metabolic disorders of bone marrow and of the mineralized skeleton. Marrow and bone disorders in athletes, the elderly, and individuals with eating disorders will be reviewed.
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Crespo-Herrera, Leonardo A., José Crossa, Mateo Vargas, and Hans-Joachim Braun. "Defining Target Wheat Breeding Environments." In Wheat Improvement, 31–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_3.
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AbstractThe main objective of a plant breeding program is to deliver superior germplasm for farmers in a defined set of environments, or a target population of environments (TPE). Historically, CIMMYT has characterized the environments in which the developed germplasm will be grown. The main factors that determine when and where a wheat variety can be grown are flowering time, water availability and the incidence of pests and diseases. A TPE consists of many (population) environments and future years or seasons, that share common variation in the farmers’ fields, it can also be seen as a variable group of future production environments. TPEs can be characterized by climatic, soil and hydrological features, as well as socioeconomic aspects. Whereas the selection environments (SE) are the environments where the breeder does the selection of the lines. The SE are identified for predicting the performance in the TPE, but the SE may not belong to the TPE. The utilization of advanced statistical methods allows the identification of GEI to obtain higher precision when estimating the genetic effects. Multi-environmental testing (MET) is a fundamental strategy for CIMMYT to develop stable high grain yielding germplasm in countries with developing economies. An adequate MET strategy allows the evaluation of germplasm in stress hotspots and the identification of representative and correlated sites; thus, breeders can make better and targeted decisions in terms of crossing, selection and logistic operations.
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Zouhairi, Nadia, Omar El Hiba, Hasna Lahouaoui, Hind Benammi, Hicham Chatoui, Abdeljalil El Got, Abdelmohcine Aimrane, et al. "Environmental Aspects of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases Neuropathologies." In Research Anthology on Diagnosing and Treating Neurocognitive Disorders, 79–108. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3441-0.ch005.
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This chapter presents a literature review on the effect of environmental changes factors exposure in the etiology of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The use of pesticides is more intense and somehow erratic as it aims to face climate change consequences like drought and water scarcity. The rural population is getting to be more vulnerable to have these neurodegenerative diseases. However, intense food production and economic models mean also the use of heavy metals in many stages as well during the production and the consumption processes and practices. Evidence from experimental studies shows that such heavy metals may also be a factor for the occurrence of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. At least, the environmental lifestyle and, likely, genetic factors, individually and collectively, play a significant role in the etiology of the diseases.
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Zouhairi, Nadia, Omar El Hiba, Hasna Lahouaoui, Hind Benammi, Hicham Chatoui, Abdeljalil El Got, Abdelmohcine Aimrane, et al. "Environmental Aspects of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases Neuropathologies." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 236–65. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7775-1.ch012.
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This chapter presents a literature review on the effect of environmental changes factors exposure in the etiology of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The use of pesticides is more intense and somehow erratic as it aims to face climate change consequences like drought and water scarcity. The rural population is getting to be more vulnerable to have these neurodegenerative diseases. However, intense food production and economic models mean also the use of heavy metals in many stages as well during the production and the consumption processes and practices. Evidence from experimental studies shows that such heavy metals may also be a factor for the occurrence of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. At least, the environmental lifestyle and, likely, genetic factors, individually and collectively, play a significant role in the etiology of the diseases.
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Cliff, A. D., M. R. Smallman-Raynor, P. Haggett, D. F. Stroup, and S. B. Thacker. "Environmental Changes: Ecological Modifications." In Infectious Diseases: A Geographical Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199244737.003.0017.
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Diseases originate, spread, and persist or wither, within a specific environmental context. For the entire time during which humans have lived on the earth, this environmental context has changed and, viewed from the beginning of a new millennium, all the available evidence suggests that the environment is set to change further and faster than at any other time in human history. In this chapter, we explore aspects of the changing environmental terrain in which diseases spread, and how these changes have served to promote the emergence and resurgence of infectious agents. Anthropogenic environmental changes and ecological modifications that promote the emergence and resurgence of infectious diseases are numerous and include deforestation and reforestation, road construction, agricultural development, dam building, irrigation and water control schemes, coastal zone degradation and wetland modification, mining and urbanization, and macro- and micro-climate change and variability (Morse 1995; Patz, Graczyk, et al. 2000; Patz, Daszak, et al. 2004; McMichael 2004). As Patz, Daszak, et al. (2004: 1092) observe, these changes and modifications can, in turn, provoke a ‘cascade effect’ of habitat fragmentation, ecosystem degradation, and biodiversity loss, pollution, poverty, and human migration that serve to amplify the risks of disease emergence and spread. Examples of infectious diseases that are known or suspected to be especially prone to the effects of environmental and land use change are given in Table 7.1. Of the many environmental and land use changes that can facilitate the processes of infectious disease emergence and resurgence, we have selected the five interlinked factors in Figure 7.1 for study here. We illustrate each factor with special reference to one or more examples drawn from the sample diseases and regions listed in Table 7.2. Our examples include: agricultural development and Argentine haemorrhagic fever in South America (Section 7.2); water control schemes and Rift Valley fever in Africa and the eastern Mediterranean (Section 7.3); deforestation and Nipah viral disease in the western Pacific (Section 7.4.1); reforestation and Lyme disease in North America (Section 7.4.2); climate variability and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in North America (Section 7.5); and natural disasters and disease in North America and South-East Asia (Section 7.6).
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Johnston, Deirdre. "Neuroleptics." In Psychiatric Aspects of Neurologic Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195309430.003.0025.
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The ‘‘neuroleptic’’ antipsychotic group of pharmacologic agents was so named because the original agents, now called ‘‘conventional’’ antipsychotics, produced significant neurologic side effects in the form of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). However, neuroleptics were the first drugs to be effective in treating psychosis and remain the cornerstone of pharmacologic management of psychotic symptoms, whether such symptoms are primary or arise in the context of neurologic disorders. Although the only U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved use of antipsychotic agents is for the treatment of schizophrenia, mania, and ‘‘psychosis,’’ there is strong agreement among dementia experts that both the conventional antipsychotics and the newer ‘‘atypical’’ agents have a place in the management of several behavioral symptoms in persons with dementia (Small et al., 1997). Concerns have been raised regarding increased risk of stroke and increased mortality in the elderly, and a recent meta-analysis found the use of both conventional and atypical antipsychotics in dementia to be associated with a small increased risk for death compared with placebo (Schneider, Dagerman, and Insel, 2005). When choosing an antipsychotic medication, these and other risks should be considered within the context of an individual patient’s medical need for the drug, medical comorbidity, and the efficacy and safety of alternatives. In psychiatric disorders complicating neurologic diseases, antipsychotic drugs are used to treat specific syndromes (mania, delusional depression, schizophrenia) and target symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, tics in Tourette’s syndrome, chorea in Huntington’s disease). They are also used to ameliorate severe agitation or other behavioral problems that threaten the safety of the patient or others and have not responded to alternative interventions. These indications for antipsychotic drug use are further detailed in the chapters on specific neurologic diseases. Antipsychotic medications should not be used for milder behavioral disturbances, such as the wandering, disinhibited social intrusiveness, or frustration-induced emotional lability seen in some patients with cognitive impairment. In these instances, nonpharmacologic methods such as environmental manipulation should be tried first. For example, gentle redirection of the patient, assistance with activities of daily living, a night light in the bedroom, structured schedules of activities, and caregiver education about such strategies may alleviate some problem behaviors.
Conference papers on the topic "Crassostrea – Diseases – Environmental aspects"
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Korban, A. K., and M. A. Dubina. "EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF TOBACCO SMOKING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-2-51-54.
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One of the most widespread factors detrimental to health is smoking, which is one of the socio-ecological factors in the development of human diseases. In the world, about 60 % of men and 20 % of women are subject to this bad habit. Smoking is quite widespread among various groups of the population, including the younger generation. In Belarus, about 15.5 thousand people die every year from smoking-related diseases [1]. As pаrt оf the study оf tоbаccо smоking аmоng уон^ peоple, ан аnаlysis wаs mаde оf the sоciаl аspects оf the prevаleнce оf smоkiнg атонд students оf 1п1егпаиопа1 Sаkhаrоv Епуиоптеп1а1 Institute оf Ве1ап.ыап Stаte University: а survey оf students оf 1-4 years wаs TOnducted in 2020, its results were ана1yzed, аЫ а сотрага^ ана1ysis оf the results оf а survey оf students TOnducted in 2010, 2015 аЫ 2020 wаs сап-ied онЕ
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Semak, A. N., E. G. Busko, and V. A. Stelmakh. "MEDICAL-ECOLOGICAL AND CYTOGENETIC ASSESSMENT OF INDICATORS OF THE SKIN OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS OF THE CANINE FAMILY (CANIDAE) AND FELIDS (FELIDAE) OF CENTRAL BELARUS." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-2-107-110.
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The study of the genesis of domestic animals in zoogeographic, phylogenetic and cytogenetic aspects allowed us to identify patterns of occurrence and development of various diseases and to predict their dynamics in connection with changes in the complex conditions of their habitat. It was found that among the examined group of dogs in 80,3% of cases were benign neoplasms, in 19,7% of cases the possibility of the occurrence and development of malignant neoplasms was diagnosed. Malignant neoplasms of the skin among the examined cats are detected more often and make up 63,0%, benign - 37,0%, respectively.
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Iurcu-Straistaru, Elena, Nicola Sasanelli, Ion Toderas, Alexei Bivol, Vasile Maticiuc, Stefan Rusu, and Cristina Andoni. "Investigations on invasive nematodes associated with complex insect pests from soil in corn in the environmental conditions of the Republic of Moldova." In Xth International Conference of Zoologists. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/icz10.2021.36.
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Corn is one of the major technical field crops in the Republic of Moldova, advantageous in bioecological and productive aspects, which is invaded annually by the harmful organisms with considerable parasitic impact. The phytosanitary control results, carried out annually and seasonally, comparatively in the corn plantations, notice a significant diversity of the specific diseases and of the invasive insects that seriously affect the plants from the germination phases until the harvest. In corn, were established the numerical density values (D. n.), comparative in different ecological areas, on average 15-280 (ex. /100 g soil), with an abundance by 5-25% higher in the autumn than in the spring. Phytoparasitic impact indices the frequency (F %) and intensity (I %) of the phytohelminthological disease level was estimated, being more advanced by 3-30% in the spring-summer period, observed differently depending on the area compared to the autumn period. The structure of parasitic phytonematode complexes was determined counting 20 species, included in 8 families and one order (Tylenchida), classified according to trophic specialization, with the predominance of endo-ectoparasites. It was established the diversity of the associated invasive insect species from the soil: 12 species, 8 families, 3 orders, also, with invasive ectoparasitic impact on corn plants, with the disease degree of 5-40%, detected in all phases of vegetation and sectors investigated.
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Doltu, Mădălina, Dorin Sora, Marian Bogoescu, and Veronica Tănasă. "IDENTIFICATION OF SOME CUCURBITACEOUS ROOTSTOCKS FOR VEGETABLE CROPS IN ROMANIA." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/05.
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This study aimed to identification of some rootstocks for cucurbitaceous vegetables and their influence on cultures. These vegetables (cucumber, watermelon, melon) are very popular crops in Romania. Vegetable crops are very sensitive to climatic vagaries, so fluctuation in climatic parameters at any phase of growth can affect the yield. Grafting on Cucurbitaceae is a method which has improved and spread quickly during the past years, a similar approach to crop rotation, a practice meant to increase productivity, resistance or tolerance to soil diseases and pests, as well as to abiotic factors and at increasing fruit quality. The research was conducted at the Horting Institute, Bucharest, Romania. Several aspects are taken into account in the use of rootstocks: environmental adaptability, quality fruit, resistance/tolerance for soil diseases and pests, drought, floods, soil salinization, heavy metal content, organic pollutants. Some resistant rootstocks have been identified worldwide (PS1313, RS841, bottle-gourd, NUN-9075, Argentario, PI296341 and others). Several rootstocks are very used in Romania for conventional and ecological crops (UG 29A, Shintoza, Emphasis, Cobalt and others). Following the studies undertaken on research trials in the greenhouses, many rootstock genotypes were selected and tested in the Horting Institute and some results are presented in this paper.
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Naddeo, Alessandro, Nicola Cappetti, Mariarosaria Vallone, and Rosaria Califano. "New Trend Line of Research About Comfort Evaluation: Proposal of a Framework for Weighing and Evaluating Contributes Coming From Cognitive, Postural And Physiologic Comfort Perceptions." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100363.
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In HMI design, several parameters have to be correctly evaluated in order to guarantee a good level of safety and well-being of users (humans) and to avoid health problems like muscular-skeletal diseases. ISO Standards give us a good reference on Ergonomics and Comfort: ISO 11228 regulation deals with several parameters for evaluating Postural Ergonomics in manual loads’ push/pull, in manual loads’ lifting and carrying and in repetitive actions. Those parameters can be synthesized in a “Postural Load Index” that represents the Ergonomics level of examined posture. Nothing has be done, by ISO, in order to give a method/criterion for evaluating comfort performances of products and workplaces. More than 100.000 scientific papers dealing with comfort and discomfort can be easily found in main scientific databases and most of these speak about relationship between environmental factors (like temperature, humidity, applied forces etc.) and perceived comfort/discomfort. Several papers follow the assumption that there is a relationship between self-reported discomfort and musculoskeletal injuries and that those injuries affect the perceived comfort; however, the theories relating comfort to products/processes and products/processes’ design characteristics are rather underdeveloped. One of the most recent and interesting paper about comfort perception and its evaluation is the Vink-Hallbeck (2012) one in which the Moes’ comfort perception model (2005) has been developed and improved. In our paper, a simplified model of comfort perception, that seems to work well with the Vink-Hallbeck one, has been proposed and takes into account four aspects that strongly affect the global comfort perception: (B) – User Biomechanics/Posture, (P) - Physiologic factor, (E) – Environment contribute, (C) – Cognitive factor. Each of these aspects can be split in sub-aspects that have to be taken into account in order to be evaluated and correlated to subjective comfort perception. This paper want to explain all those sub-aspects, analyze the state of the art about their evaluation and propose an easy-to-use framework for weighing and evaluating contributes coming from cognitive, postural and physiologic comfort perceptions (no environment’s factors have been studied) to the global comfort perception.
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Liu, Chengcheng. "Strategies on healthy urban planning and construction for challenges of rapid urbanization in China." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/subf4944.
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In the past 40 years, China has experienced the largest and fastest urbanization development in the world. The infrastructure, urban environment and medical services of cities have been improved significantly. The health impacts are manifested in the decrease of the incidence of infectious diseases and the significant increase of the life span of residents. However, the development of urbanization in China has also created many problems, including the increasing pollution of urban environment such as air, water and soil, the disorderly spread of urban construction land, the fragmentation of natural ecological environment, dense population, traffic congestion and so on. With the process of urbanization and motorization, the lifestyle of urban population has changed, and the disease spectrum and the sequence of death causes have changed. Chronic noncommunicable diseases have replaced acute infectious diseases and become the primary threat to urban public health. According to the data published by the famous medical journal The LANCET on China's health care, the economic losses caused by five major non-communicable diseases (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, breast cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) will reach US$23 trillion between 2012 and 2030, more than twice the total GDP of China in 2015 (US$11.7 trillion). Therefore, China proposes to implement the strategy of "Healthy China" and develop the policy of "integrating health into ten thousand strategies". Integrate health into the whole process of urban and rural planning, construction and governance to form a healthy, equitable and accessible production and living environment. China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. The main strategies from national system design to local planning are as follows. First of all, the top-level design of the country. There are two main points: one point, the formulation of the Healthy China 2030 Plan determines the first batch of 38 pilot healthy cities and practices the strategy of healthy city planning; the other point, formulate and implement the national health city policy and issue the National Healthy City. The evaluation index system evaluates the development of local work from five aspects: environment, society, service, crowd and culture, finds out the weak links in the work in time, and constantly improves the quality of healthy city construction. Secondly, the reform of territorial spatial planning. In order to adapt to the rapid development of urbanization, China urban plan promote the reform of spatial planning system, change the layout of spatial planning into the fine management of space, and promote the sustainable development of cities. To delimit the boundary line of urban development and the red line of urban ecological protection and limit the disorderly spread of urban development as the requirements of space control. The bottom line of urban environmental quality and resource utilization are studied as capacity control and environmental access requirements. The grid management of urban built environment and natural environment is carried out, and the hierarchical and classified management unit is determined. Thirdly, the practice of special planning for local health and medical distribution facilities. In order to embody the equity of health services, including health equity, equity of health services utilization and equity of health resources distribution. For the elderly population, vulnerable groups and patients with chronic diseases, the layout of community health care facilities and intelligent medical treatment are combined to facilitate the "last kilometer" service of health care. Finally, urban repair and ecological restoration design are carried out. From the perspective of people-oriented, on the basis of studying the comfortable construction of urban physical environment, human behavior and the characteristics of human needs, to tackle "urban diseases" and make up for "urban shortboard". China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. Committed to the realization of a constantly developing natural and social environment, and can continue to expand social resources, so that people can enjoy life and give full play to their potential to support each other in the city.