Academic literature on the topic 'Craniofacial syndromes'

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Journal articles on the topic "Craniofacial syndromes"

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Schlieder, Daniel, and Michael R. Markiewicz. "Craniofacial Syndromes." Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics 30, no. 1 (March 2022): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cxom.2021.11.004.

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Suri, Mohnish. "Craniofacial syndromes." Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 10, no. 3 (June 2005): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.siny.2004.12.002.

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Buchanan, Edward P., Amy S. Xue, and Larry H. Hollier. "Craniofacial Syndromes." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 134, no. 1 (July 2014): 128e—153e. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/prs.0000000000000308.

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Kjær, Inger. "Dental Approach to Craniofacial Syndromes: How Can Developmental Fields Show Us a New Way to Understand Pathogenesis?" International Journal of Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/145749.

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The paper consists of three parts.Part 1: Definition of Syndromes. Focus is given to craniofacial syndromes in which abnormal traits in the dentition are associated symptoms. In the last decade, research has concentrated on phenotype, genotype, growth, development, function, and treatment.Part 2: Syndromes before Birth. How can the initial malformation sites in these syndromes be studied and what can we learn from it? In this section, deviations observed in syndromes prenatally will be highlighted and compared to the normal human embryological craniofacial development. Specific focus will be given to developmental fields studied on animal tissue and transferred to human cranial development.Part 3: Developmental Fields Affected in Two Craniofacial Syndromes. Analysis of primary and permanent dentitions can determine whether a syndrome affects a single craniofacial field or several fields. This distinction is essential for insight into craniofacial syndromes. The dentition, thus, becomes central in diagnostics and evaluation of the pathogenesis. Developmental fields can explore and advance the concept of dental approaches to craniofacial syndromes.Discussion. As deviations in teeth persist and do not reorganize during growth and development, the dentition is considered useful for distinguishing between syndrome pathogenesis manifested in a single developmental field and in several fields.
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S, Jeelani. "Craniofacial Abnormalities and Syndromes." Journal of Scientific Dentistry 4, no. 2 (2014): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jsd-4-2-56.

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Schweinler, Bonita. "Orthoptics and Craniofacial Syndromes." American Orthoptic Journal 64, no. 1 (January 2014): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/aoj.64.1.21.

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M. Michael Cohen Jr, Sven Kreiborg. "Perspectives on craniofacial syndromes." Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 56, no. 6 (January 1998): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/000163598428239.

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Forrest, Christopher R., and Richard A. Hopper. "Craniofacial Syndromes and Surgery." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 131, no. 1 (January 2013): 86e—109e. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/prs.0b013e318272c12b.

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Posnick, Jeffrey C. "The Craniofacial Dysostosis Syndromes." Clinics in Plastic Surgery 24, no. 3 (July 1997): 429–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1298(20)31037-3.

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Posnick, Jeffrey C. "The Craniofacial Dysostosis Syndromes." Clinics in Plastic Surgery 21, no. 4 (October 1994): 585–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1298(20)30726-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Craniofacial syndromes"

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Cloonan, Yona Keich. "Sleep outcomes in children with craniofacial microsomia /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10877.

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Instrum, Susette M. "Cephalometric comparison of the craniofacial skeletal morphology between Moebius syndrome and non-syndromic controls." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0015/MQ46507.pdf.

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Nguyen, Tung Thanh Wright J. Timothy. "Craniofacial variations in the tricho-dento-osseus syndrome." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1766.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the School of Dentistry Orthodontics." Discipline: Orthodontics; Department/School: Dentistry.
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Britto, Jonathan Anthony. "Syndromic craniofacial dysostosis : from genotype to phenotype: studies of FGFR gene expression in human craniofacial development and craniosynostosis." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268446.

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GROLLEAU, MERCIER CHRISTINE. "Le syndrome de marden-walker." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M155.

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Proudman, Timothy William. "Crouzon syndrome : a clinical and three dimensional radiographic analysis of craniofacial morphology and surgery /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MS/09msp968.pdf.

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Perkiömäki, M. R. (Marja Riitta). "Craniofacial shape and dimensions as indicators of orofacial clefting and palatal form:a study on cleft lip and palate and Turner syndrome families." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514288708.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to define distinct craniofacial features in subjects with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) and in subjects with Turner syndrome (TS), and to evaluate the resemblance of these features among their family members. This might help in elucidating if there is a parental contribution to possible predisposing craniofacial features in cleft subjects and to the severity of certain distinct craniofacial features in subjects with X chromosome monosomy. The study population consisted of 29 Costa Rican CLP families including unaffected parents and siblings, and of 71 TS (45,X) subjects and members of their families. Based on lateral and frontal cephalometric analyses, cleft family members were characterized by reduced cranial height and head width, greater interorbital and nasal cavity widths, shorter anterior cranial base and palatal lengths, and shorter total face height compared to control values. With respect to these distinct craniofacial features, there were statistically significant associations in anterior cranial base and palatal length, and head, forehead and outer interorbital width measurements between parents and their children with CLP. The sidedness of the cleft in affected children was related to the asymmetry of the nasal cavity width in their parents. The distinct craniofacial features of the TS subjects, such as short clivus, retrognathic position of mandible, and narrow maxilla at the level of first premolars were related to their mothers' corresponding features. The presence of lateral palatine ridges, which were detected in one third of the TS subjects, was related to the narrowness of the posterior palate rather than to the variation in the tongue position. Distinct craniofacial features segregate in cleft family members. The several significant associations in distinct craniofacial dimensions between parents and children with CLP emphasize the importance of genetic factors in the genesis of nonsyndromic orofacial clefting. The present results support the concept that maternal factors contribute to the degree of deficiency in the growth of the cranial base and to the magnitude of mandibular retrognathism of their daughters with TS. Maternal influences may also modify the width of the palate in TS.
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Gould, Rebekah. "Dose and time dependence of alcohol exposure in relation to craniofacial dysmorphisms in fetal alcohol syndrome." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21158.

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Thesis (M.A.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
The National Institutes of Health defines Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) as a debilitating collection of birth defects that include craniofacial dysmorphisms, neurological and motor insufficiencies, growth retardation, and behavioral and social discrepancies. Characteristic craniofacial abnormalities, which include smooth philtrum, thin vermillion border, short palpebral fissures, and microcephaly, are used as a diagnostic tool for FAS. There is agreement across the literature that the characteristic craniofacial dysmorphisms are induced as a result of prenatal alcohol exposure in very specific doses, and during very particular time periods during embryonic development. However, ambiguity still exists about the critical time and dose relationship of prenatal alcohol exposure in the production of FAS. In regards to the critical timing, researchers have concluded that prenatal alcohol exposure during the second half of the first trimester, defined as days 43-94 postconception, was found to cause an increased incidence of smooth philtrum, thin vermillion border, microcephaly and reduced birth weight. Conversely, other studies found that prenatal alcohol exposure on day 7 of gestation in mice, which corresponds to week 3 of human gestation, induced craniofacial abnormalities comparable to those seen in humans with FAS. In regards to the critical dose, there is a linear relationship between the dose of prenatal alcohol exposure and the incidence of FAS-related craniofacial abnormalities, with no safe threshold. It was also found that a binge pattern of drinking was more significantly associated with the craniofacial abnormalities seen in FAS than a continuous or less condensed pattern of drinking, even if the binge pattern involved a smaller absolute dose of alcohol. These results regarding both dose and pattern on prenatal alcohol exposure, suggest that binge-drinking patterns are most significantly associated with craniofacial abnormalities if consumed before pregnancy or during late pregnancy, whereas absolute high doses of alcohol in a non-binge pattern were most significantly associated with craniofacial abnormalities in the first trimester. Further research is required for clarification of the critical time and dose relationships involved in the production of the characteristic craniofacial dysmorphisms seen in FAS. A definite conclusion will aid in the public education and prevention programs for FAS if solid information can be provided about the harms of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in regards to timing and dose.
2031-01-01
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Naidoo, Sudeshi. "Fetal alcohol syndrome in the Western Cape : craniofacial and oral manifestations : a case control study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53425.

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Dissertation (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) consists of multi-system abnormalities and is caused by the excessive intake of alcohol during pregnancy. The teratogenic effect of alcohol on the human fetus has now been established beyond reasonable doubt and FAS is the most important human teratogenic condition known today. The syndrome, first described by Lemoine in1968 in the French literature and in the English literature by Jones and Smith in 1973, has since been corroborated by numerous animal and human studies. This study has grown out of several epidemiological, prenatal and infant studies in areas of the Western Cape that are currently being undertaken by the Foundation for Alcohol Related Research (FARR). Preliminary data from studies in Wellington have confirmed that a significant proportion of school-entry children have FAS. The prevalence ofF AS in this community exceeds that for Down syndrome by a factor of30 times. The frequency ofFAS in high-risk populations of the Western Cape is the highest reported anywhere in the world. With this background, and the paucity of FAS literature related to dentistry, the aim of this study was to determine the craniofacial and oral manifestations ofF AS in a sample of school-going children in the Western Cape. Methodology: This study is a descriptive, case-control, cross-sectional study using a random cluster sampling method. On the day of examination, children were weighed, and their height and head circumference were measured. They then had photographs and radiographs taken, followed by an oral examination. For each child, the following information was recorded on the data capture sheet: date of birth, gender, head circumference, weight and height, enamel opacities, dental fluorosis, plaque index, gingival bleeding index, dentition status, oral mucosal lesions and dentofacial anomalies. Results: The total sample of90 children with diagnosed FAS and 90 controls, were matched for age, gender and social class. There were no significant age differences between the two groups (p=0.3363) and the mean ages were 8.9 and 9.1 for the FAS and control groups respectively. Head circumference (HC) differed significantly between the two groups (pAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Fetale alkoholsindroom (FAS) bestaan uit multisisteem abnormaliteite en word veroorsaak deur oormatige inname van alkohol tydens swangerskap. Die teratogeniese uitwerking van alkoholop die menslike fetus word nie meer betwyfel nie en FAS is die belangrikste menslike teratogeniese toestand tans bekend. Die sindroom, soos aanvanklik deur Jones en Smith in 1973 beskryf, is sedertdien deur vele studies op mens en dier bevestig. Hierdie studie het gegroei uit vele epidemiologiese-, prenatale- en kleuterstudies in dele van die Weskaap wat tans onderneem word deur die Stigting vir Alkoholverwante Navorsing. Voorlopige data van die studies in Wellington bevestig dat 'n betekenisvolle deel van skoolbeginners FAS het. Die prevalensie van FAS in hierdie gemeenskap oortref dié van Down se sindroom met 'n faktor van 30. Die frekwensie van FAS in die Weskaap is die hoogste wat in die wêreld gerapporteer is. Met hierdie agtergrond, en die skaarste aan FAS literatuur wat op tandheelkunde betrekking het, was die doel van hierdie studie om die kraniofasiale en mondmanifestasies van fetale alkoholsindroom in 'n monster van skoolkinders in die Weskaap te ondersoek. Metodologie: Hierdie studie was 'n beskrywende, gevallebeheerde deursneestudie waarin 'n lukrake gebondelde monstermetode gebruik is. Op die dag van die ondersoek is die kinders geweeg en hulle lengte en kopomtrek bepaal. Hierna is foto's en x-straalopnames geneem, gevolg deur 'n mondondersoek. Die volgende inligting is vir elke kind aangeteken: geboortedatum, geslag, kopomtrek, massa en lengte, glasuur-opasiteite, tandfluorose, plaakindeks, gingivale bloedingsindeks, gebitstatus, mukosale letsels en dentofasiale anomalieë. Resultate: Die totale monster, bestaande uit 90 kinders met gediagnoseerde fetale alkoholsindroom en 90 bypassende kontroles, is vergelyk ten opsigte van ouderdom, geslag en sosiale klas. Daar was geen betekenisvolle ouderdomsverskille tussen die twee groepe nie (p- =0.3363). Kopomtrek het betekenisvol tussen die twee groepe verskil (p<0.0001), en die drie fotografiese diagnostiese afmetings is almal beïnvloed deur kopomtrek. Die prevalensie van glasuur-opasiteite tussen die FAS- en kontrolegroep was nie betekenisvol nie en het rondom 15% vir beide gewissel. Die opasiteite is hoofsaaklik gesien in maksillêre sentrale snytande en mandibulêre eerste molare. Meer as driekwart van beide groepe het plaak getoon, en byna tweederdes het gingivale bloeding met sondering gehad. Die gevallegroep het statisties betekenisvol meer (p
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Opper, Björn. "Compromised affect and learning associated with Crouzon syndrome a clinical case study /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10022007-132545/.

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Books on the topic "Craniofacial syndromes"

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B, Cassidy Suzanne, and Allanson Judith E, eds. Management of genetic syndromes. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Liss, 2005.

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Yates, David M., and Michael R. Markiewicz, eds. Craniofacial Microsomia and Treacher Collins Syndrome. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84733-3.

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Instrum, Susette M. Cephalometric comparison of the craniofacial skeletal morphology between mobius syndrome and non-syndromic controls. [Toronto: University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry], 1999.

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Instrum, Susette M. Craniofacial morphology and malocclusion in individuals with Mobius syndrome. [Toronto: University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry], 1998.

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Selnes, J. Eric. Cephalometric comparison of craniofacial morphology between velocardiofacial syndrome with confirmed 22q 11.2 microdeletions : isolated cleft palate and non-syndromic children. [Toronto: University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry], 1997.

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Parker, James N., and Philip M. Parker. Treacher Collins syndrome: A bibliography and dictionary for physicians, patients, and genome researchers [to Internet references]. San Diego, CA: ICON Health Publications, 2007.

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Management of Genetic Syndromes. 2nd ed. Wiley-Liss, 2004.

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Cassidy, Suzanne B., and Judith E. Allanson. Management of Genetic Syndromes. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2010.

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Cassidy, Suzanne B., and Judith E. Allanson. Management of Genetic Syndromes. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2005.

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Hopkins, Paul, and Laura Ryan. Difficult Airway. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0015.

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The management of the difficult airway is one of the most challenging situations an anesthesiologist may encounter. The pediatric patient provides unique challenges such as lack of cooperation, rapid desaturation while apneic, and the presence of syndromes with craniofacial manifestations not frequently encountered in adults. These craniofacial manifestations may include mandibular hypoplasia, facial asymmetry, and limited mouth opening, to name a few. This chapter presents a case of a 5-year-old boy with Klippel-Feil syndrome and discusses the different aspects involved when dealing with a difficult airway in a pediatric patient, including the use of fiberoptic devices, neuromuscular blockade, and sedative premedication.
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Book chapters on the topic "Craniofacial syndromes"

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Gruber, Elizabeth Anne, and Michael Stephen Dover. "Craniofacial Syndromes." In Clinical Embryology, 133–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26158-4_16.

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Mavridis, Ι. Ν., W. S. B. Wimalachandra, and D. Rodrigues. "Craniofacial Syndromes." In Pediatric Neurosurgery for Clinicians, 147–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80522-7_10.

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Yang, Robin, Jordan W. Swanson, and Christopher M. Cielo. "Craniofacial Syndromes." In Pediatric Sleep Medicine, 655–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65574-7_54.

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Langevin, Claude-Jean, Earl Gage, and Frank Papay. "Craniofacial Clefts and Craniofacial Syndromes." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 253–64. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-513-0_19.

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Francis-West, P. H., L. Robson, and Darell J. R. Evans. "Human Craniofacial Syndromes." In Craniofacial Development The Tissue and Molecular Interactions That Control Development of the Head, 87–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55570-1_8.

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Taub, Peter J., and Paymon Sanati-Mehrizy. "Craniofacial Surgery: Craniosynostosis and Craniofacial Syndromes." In Tips and Tricks in Plastic Surgery, 477–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78028-9_28.

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Estrellado-Cruz, Wendy, and Robert C. Beckerman. "Children with Craniofacial Syndromes." In Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children, 337–48. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-725-9_25.

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Miller, Marilyn T., and Anna Newlin. "Craniofacial Syndromes and Malformations." In Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 705–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21753-6_41.

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Kreiborg, Sven, Howard Aduss, and M. Michael Cohen. "Apert’s and Crouzon’s Syndromes Contrasted: Qualitative Craniofacial X-Ray Findings." In Craniofacial Surgery, 91–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82875-1_20.

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Passos-Bueno, Maria Rita, Andréa L. Sertié, Fernanda S. Jehee, Roberto Fanganiello, and Erika Yeh. "Genetics of Craniosynostosis: Genes, Syndromes, Mutations and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations." In Craniofacial Sutures, 107–43. Basel: S. KARGER AG, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000115035.

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Conference papers on the topic "Craniofacial syndromes"

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PUCCIARELLI, Valentina, Marina CODARI, Chiara INVERNIZZI, Simona BERTOLI, Alberto BATTEZZATI, Ramona DE AMICIS, Valentina DE GIORGIS, Pierangelo VEGGIOTTI, and Chiarella SFORZA. "Three-Dimensional Craniofacial Features of Glut1 Deficiency Syndrome Patients." In 6th International Conference on 3D Body Scanning Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 27-28 October 2015. Ascona, Switzerland: Hometrica Consulting - Dr. Nicola D'Apuzzo, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15221/15.061.

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DOLCI, Claudia, Valentina PUCCIARELLI, Marina CODARI, Susan MARELLI, Giuliana TRIFIRO, Alessandro PINI, and Chiarella SFORZA. "3D Morphometric Evaluation of Craniofacial Features in Adult Subjects with Marfan Syndrome." In 7th International Conference on 3D Body Scanning Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 30 Nov.-1 Dec. 2016. Ascona, Switzerland: Hometrica Consulting - Dr. Nicola D'Apuzzo, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15221/16.098.

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Loo, Lucas, Luke Smith, and Juling Ong. "1124 Assessing changes in the upper airway using 3-dimensional segmentation after craniofacial distraction surgery in children with syndromic craniofacial anomalies." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.399.

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DOLCI, Claudia, Valentina PUCCIARELLI, Marina CODARI, Daniele M. GIBELLI, Susan MARELLI, Giuliana TRIFIRO, Alessandro PINI, and Chiarellag SFORZA. "3D Craniofacial Morphometric Analysis of Young Subjects with Marfan Syndrome: A Preliminary Report." In 6th International Conference on 3D Body Scanning Technologies, Lugano, Switzerland, 27-28 October 2015. Ascona, Switzerland: Hometrica Consulting - Dr. Nicola D'Apuzzo, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15221/15.054.

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Silva, Bruno Custódio, Gisele Delazeri, Ana Luíza Kolling Konopka, Giulia Righetti Tuppini Vargas, Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen, and Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa. "Report of a family affected by fragile X syndrome and type 1 diabetes mellitus." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.076.

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Context: The fragile X syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit and some physical characteristics, which become more evident during growth, especially craniofacial and macroorchidism. Case report: A 22 year-old male patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) diagnosed at 7 years of age is following-up with ophthalmology due to low visual acuity. On physical exam, he did not maintain eye contact and performed repetitive movements. In addition, he had an elongated face and upward slanting eyelid clefts, a high palate and prognathism, large and prominent ears. In the family history, 3 of his siblings, one male and two female, also had intellectual deficit, and two of them had concomitant DM1. One brother had only DM1 and the other none of the diseases. The parents had consanguinity (they were cousins in the 3rd degree). The patient’s karyotype, using the chromosomal breaks technique after cultivation in medium-low folic acid, showed the presence of fragility on the X chromosome in the region q27.3 [46, XY, fra (x) (q27.3)], compatible with the diagnosis of fragile X syndrome. This result was confirmed using the PCR-multiplex technique. Conclusions: In this family, the concomitant presence in several individuals of the fragile X syndrome and DM1 stands out. However, although both conditions are not related, they are frequent, which could justify their simultaneous occurrence.
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Warrick, Amanda E., J. Douglas Swarts, and Samir N. Ghadiali. "Fluid Structure Interactions in the Eustachain Tube Under Normal and Pathological Conditions." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175328.

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Cleft Palate is a craniofacial syndrome in which the two plates that form the hard palate are not completely joined. As a result, the soft tissue anatomy of the Eustachian Tube (ET) is altered. The ET is a collapsible tube which connects the middle ear (ME) with the nasopharynx (NP). The ET must be periodically opened to equalize ME and NP pressures and drain ME fluids. In healthy adults, ET openings occur during swallowing, where muscle contraction deforms the surrounding soft tissue. However, changes in tissue anatomy may lead to ET dysfunction (i.e. closure during swallowing) and the development of ME disorders such as Otitis Media (OM)[1]. These disorders are especially problematic in infants with cleft palate as they hinder speech, hearing and psychosocial development. Although surgical procedures can be used to repair a cleft palate, these procedures do not typically account the possible development of ET dysfunction and/or OM.
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