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Journal articles on the topic 'Crack tip plasticity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Liu, Wen Hui, Hao Huang, Zhi Gang Chen, and Da Tian Cui. "Simulation of Crack Tip Plasticity Using 3D Crystal Plasticity Theory." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1057–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1057.

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To investigate the plasticity distribution of microstructurally small crack tip in FCC crystals, the crack tip opening displacment(CTOD), crack tip plastic zone and maximum plastic work for stationary microstructurally small cracks were calculated with the three dimensional crystal plasticity finite element theory, which was implemented in the finite element code ABAQUS with the rate dependent crystal plasticity theory code as user material subroutine. Results show that crystallographic orientation has significant influence on CTOD and maximum plastic work. The CTOD and maximum plastic work in hard orientation are larger than that in soft orientaion under the displacement controlled boundary condition, which means that crack in hard orientation is more likely to extend than that in soft orientaion. The high-angle grain boundary shows a tendency to reduce crack extension, and the dislocation ahead of the crack tip becomes blocked by high-angle grain boundary.

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2

El-Emam, Hesham, Alaaeldin Elsisi, Hani Salim, and Hossam Sallam. "Fatigue Crack Tip Plasticity for Inclined Cracks." International Journal of Steel Structures 18, no. 2 (April 26, 2018): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13296-018-0016-z.

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3

Hartmaier, Alexander, and Peter Gumbsch. "Scaling relations for crack-tip plasticity." Philosophical Magazine A 82, no. 17-18 (November 2002): 3187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418610208240432.

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4

Mataga, P. A., L. B. Freund, and J. W. Hutchinson. "Crack tip plasticity in dynamic fracture." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 48, no. 11 (1987): 985–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(87)90115-6.

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5

Zhang, J. Z., Xiao Dong He, X. Song, and Shan Yi Du. "Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of the Compressive Loading on the Crack Tip Plasticity." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.73.

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An elastic-plastic finite element analysis of the effect of the compressive loading on crack tip plasticity is presented. Two center-cracked panel specimens with different crack lengths are analysed under tension-compression loading. The size and shape of the crack tip reverse plastic zone, the crack opening profiles of the crack tip for short (0.1 mm) and long crack (2 mm) have been studied. The analysis shows that the compressive loading has a significant contribution towards the crack tip plasticity.

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6

Liu, Ran, Hui Huang, Jia Ju Liu, Wei Wang, Li Rong, and Zuo Ren Nie. "Finite Element Analysis on the Effect of the Texture to the Crack Tip Plasticity in Aluminum Alloy." Materials Science Forum 850 (March 2016): 328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.850.328.

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Plasticity zone at crack tip of aluminum alloy with fcc structure is investigated in order to analyze the effect of crystal orientation to the plasticity distribution on crack tip, as well as the effect to CTOD and J-integral, which is implemented using finite element code in Abaqus with a rate dependent crystal plasticity theory. The results show that the crack tip plasticity, stresses and CTOD are significantly affected by grain orientations. When the grains have single textures, Cube and S orientations have a strong ability to against crack propagation. However, when the grains combine textures, the increasing of misorientation enhances the resistance for crack growth. And when the tilt angle is higher, the crack deflection is promoted to reduce the crack propagation rate.

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7

Farkas, Diana. "Atomistic Studies of Intrinsic Crack-Tip Plasticity." MRS Bulletin 25, no. 5 (May 2000): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2000.71.

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One of the most interesting unsolved problems in fracture mechanics is the precise understanding of the energy-dissipation mechanisms that occur as a crack advances. In most cases, this energy-release rate is many times the surface energy created. One of the main reasons for this difference is the fact that plastic deformation can occur in the crack-tip region as dislocations nucleate and are emitted from the crack tip. Experimental studies provide little insight into the precise mechanisms for this process because they cannot reach the atomistic scale. For example, a crack that may seem experimentally sharp, and therefore indicative of brittle fracture, may not be sharp at the atomic level. Continuum mechanics has a similar limitation, since the assumptions of elasticity theory usually break down in the crack-tip region. Atomistic simulation studies provide researchers an opportunity to obtain precise atomic configurations in the crack-tip region under various loading conditions and to observe the basic energy-dissipation mechanisms.

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8

Tomlinson, Rachel A., Ying Du, and Eann A. Patterson. "Understanding Crack Tip Plasticity – a Multi-Experimental Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 70 (August 2011): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.70.153.

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Crack tip plasticity has been investigated using thermoelastic stress analysis (TSA) and digital image correlation (DIC). The plastic zone size at the tip of a propagating fatigue crack was measured using both techniques. At longer crack lengths, the results compared well with Dugdale’s and Irwin’s models for crack tip yielding. The TSA methodology requires careful observation of the adiabatic assumption.

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9

Sadananda, K., and D. N. V. Ramaswamy. "Role of crack tip plasticity in fatigue crack growth." Philosophical Magazine A 81, no. 5 (May 2001): 1283–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418610108214441.

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10

Ramaswamy, K. Sadanandaa, Dorai-Nirmal V. "Role of crack tip plasticity in fatigue crack growth." Philosophical Magazine A 81, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): 1283–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418610110033876.

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11

Park, Heung-Bae, Kyung-Mo Kim, Byong-Whi Lee, and Karp-Soon Rheem. "Effects of crack tip plasticity on fatigue crack propagation." Journal of Nuclear Materials 230, no. 1 (May 1996): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(96)80009-2.

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12

Pommier, Sylvie. "Cyclic Plasticity of a Cracked Structure Subjected to Mixed Mode Loading." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.105.

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Cyclic plasticity in the crack tip region is at the origin of various history effects in fatigue. For instance, fatigue crack growth in mode I is delayed after the application of an overload because of the existence of compressive residual stresses in the overload’s plastic zone. Moreover, if the overload’s ratio is large enough, the crack may grow under mixed mode condition until it has gone round the overload’s plastic zone. Thus, crack tip plasticity modifies both the kinetics and the crack’s plane. Therefore modeling the growth of a fatigue crack under complex loading conditions requires considering the effects of crack tip plasticity. Finite element analyses are useful for analyzing crack tip plasticity under various loading conditions. However, the simulation of mixed mode fatigue crack growth by elastic-plastic finite element computations leads to huge computation costs, in particular if the crack doesn’t remain planer. Therefore, in this paper, the finite element method is employed only to build a global constitutive model for crack tip plasticity under mixed mode loading conditions. Then this model can be employed, independently of any FE computation, in a mixed mode fatigue crack growth criterion including memory effects inherited from crack tip plasticity. This model is developed within the framework of the thermodynamics of dissipative processes and includes internal variables that allow modeling the effect of internal stresses and to account for memory effects. The model was developed initially for pure mode I conditions. It was identified and validated for a 0.48%C carbon steel. It was shown that the model allows modeling fatigue crack growth under various variable amplitude loading conditions [1]. The present paper aims at showing that a similar approach can be applied for mixed mode loading conditions so as to model, finally, mixed mode fatigue crack growth.

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13

Homma, Hiroomi, and Huu Nhan Tran. "Crack Tip Plasticity By Classic Dislocation Dynamics." Advanced Materials Research 33-37 (March 2008): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.33-37.97.

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Under very short pulse loads in range from 25 to 100 μs, crack tip plasticity a head of the crack tip in the mode I condition was investigated by discrete dislocation dynamics. The obtained dislocation array parameters such as the number of dislocations, dislocation distribution density, crack tip opening displacement and plastic zone size increase with the magnitude of stress intensity factor, KI and pulse durations. The numerical results were well compared with the experimental ones.

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14

Sham, T. L., and J. W. Hancock. "Mode I crack tip fields with incomplete crack tip plasticity in plane stress." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 47, no. 10 (October 1999): 2011–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5096(99)00027-7.

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15

Cleri, Fabrizio, Sidney Yip, Dieter Wolf, and Simon R. Phillpot. "Atomic-Scale Mechanism of Crack-Tip Plasticity: Dislocation Nucleation and Crack-Tip Shielding." Physical Review Letters 79, no. 7 (August 18, 1997): 1309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.79.1309.

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16

Kunter, K., T. Heubrandtner, B. Suhr, and R. Pippan. "A hybrid crack tip element containing a strip-yield crack-tip plasticity model." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 129 (October 2014): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2014.07.023.

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17

Potirniche, G. P., and S. R. Daniewicz. "Analysis of crack tip plasticity for microstructurally small cracks using crystal plasticity theory." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 70, no. 13 (September 2003): 1623–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-7944(02)00204-7.

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18

Daves, Werner, and Michal Kráčalík. "Cracks Loaded by Rolling Contact - Influence of Plasticity around the Crack." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.221.

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For the description of cracks in rolling/sliding contacts many overlapping interactions has to be regarded and most of them are non-linear phenomena. This paper emphasis the aspect of plasticity around cyclically loaded shear cracks which is omitted very often in the common literature. It is shown that this plasticity can be calculated and regarded in computed crack driving forces; however, the problem is not solved after doing this. It is a first estimate only to regard the crack driving force calculated in the finite elements surrounding the crack tip as a relevant measure.

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19

Žák, Stanislav, and Reinhard Pippan. "Crack Tip Plasticity Influence on Cracks Approaching Cu-Si Interface." Procedia Structural Integrity 23 (2019): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2020.01.093.

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20

Morris, W. L., M. R. James, and A. K. Zurek. "The extent of crack tip plasticity for short fatigue cracks." Scripta Metallurgica 19, no. 2 (February 1985): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0036-9748(85)90171-1.

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21

Flores, Katharine M., and Reinhold H. Dauskardt. "Crack-tip plasticity in bulk metallic glasses." Materials Science and Engineering: A 319-321 (December 2001): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(01)01111-x.

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22

Unger, David J. "A transition model of crack tip plasticity." International Journal of Fracture 44, no. 2 (July 1990): R27—R31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00047069.

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23

Xia, Z. Cedric, and John W. Hutchinson. "Crack tip fields in strain gradient plasticity." Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 44, no. 10 (October 1996): 1621–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(96)00035-x.

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24

Buze, Maciej. "Atomistic modelling of near-crack-tip plasticity *." Nonlinearity 34, no. 7 (June 23, 2021): 4503–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6544/abf33c.

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25

LOPEZ-CRESPO, P., A. SHTERENLIKHT, J. R. YATES, E. A. PATTERSON, and P. J. WITHERS. "Some experimental observations on crack closure and crack-tip plasticity." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 32, no. 5 (May 2009): 418–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2009.01345.x.

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26

James, M. Neil, Colin J. Christopher, Francisco Alberto Díaz Garrido, Jose M. Vasco-Olmo, Toshifumi Kakiuchi, and Eann A. Patterson. "Interpretation of Plasticity Effects Using the CJP Crack Tip Field Model." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.117.

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This paper will outline the development of a model of crack tip fields that represents an innovation in incorporate the influences on crack tip displacement and stress fields of the zone of local plasticity that envelops a growing fatigue crack. The model uses assumed distributions of elastic stresses induced at the elastic-plastic boundary via wake contact and compatibility requirements, and defines a set of modified elastic stress intensity factors to characterise the crack stress or displacement tip field. In particular, recent work will be presented that compares the interpretation of plasticity-induced shielding obtained from trends observed in KR and KF with values of so-called ‘crack closure’ obtained via traditional strain gauge determination.

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27

Wicke, Marcel, and Angelika Brueckner-Foit. "Mixed-mode crack tip fields in a polycrystalline aluminum alloy." MATEC Web of Conferences 300 (2019): 11004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930011004.

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Carefully performed experiments with long cracks in the near-threshold regime have shown that the crack tip field of these cracks significantly deviate from the expected mode-I butterfly-shaped ones and resemble strongly to mixed-mode crack tip fields. A simulation study using a crystal plasticity (CP) approach has been utilized in order to understand this phenomenon. To this end, a digital twin of an aluminum sample fatigued in the near-threshold regime was generated with the help of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray tomography. Once set-up, the digital twin was loaded in uniaxial tension using the fast spectral solver implemented in the Düsseldorf Advanced Material Simulation Kit (DAMASK). The versatility of this experimental-computational approach for studying the strain partitioning at the crack tip is demonstrated in this work.

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28

Tu, Wen Feng, Xiao Gui Wang, and Zeng Liang Gao. "Modeling of Fatigue Crack Growth Based on Two Cyclic Plasticity Models." Advanced Materials Research 44-46 (June 2008): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.44-46.111.

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Based on two different cyclic plasticity models, fatigue crack growth for 16MnR steel specimens is simulated by using the same multi-axial fatigue damage criterion. The first plasticity model is the Jiang and Sehitoglu model and the second plasticity model is the simple nonlinear kinematic hardening model. The elastic-plastic stress-strain field near the crack tip is obtained respectively by using the two plasticity models. According to the same fatigue criterion, different fatigue damage near the crack tip is determined on the basis of stress-strain responses. The first plasticity model can accurately capture cyclic plasticity deformation behavior and predictions of fatigue crack growth rate are in agreement with the experimental results. However, lots of material constants in the model need to be fitted and more experimental tests should be conducted. The second plasticity model is very simple. The parameters of the model can be acquired easily by uniaxial fatigue tests. Compared with experimental data, the prediction results of fatigue crack growth rate lead to some errors by adopting the second plasticity model.

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29

Shih, C. F., R. J. Asaro, and N. P. O’Dowd. "Elastic-Plastic Analysis of Cracks on Bimaterial Interfaces: Part III—Large-Scale Yielding." Journal of Applied Mechanics 58, no. 2 (June 1, 1991): 450–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2897206.

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In Parts I and II, the structure of small-scale yielding fields of interface cracks were described in the context of small strain plasticity and J2 deformation theory. These fields are members of a family parameterized by the plastic phase angle ξ which also determines the shape or phase of the plastic zone. Through full-field analysis, we showed the resemblance between the plane-strain interface crack-tip fields and mixed-mode HRR fields in homogeneous material. This connection was exploited, to the extent possible, inasmuch as the interface fields do not appear to have a separable form. The present investigation is focused on “opening” dominated load states (| ξ | ≤ π/6) and the scope is broadened to include finite ligament plasticity and finite deformation effects on near-tip fields. We adopt a geometrically rigorous formulation of J2 flow theory taking full account of crack-tip blunting. Our results reveal several surprising effects, that have important implications for fracture, associated with finite ligament plasticity and finite strains. For one thing the fields that develop near bimaterial interfaces are more intense than those in homogeneous material when compared at the same value of J or remote load. For example, the plastic zones, plastic strains, and the crack-tip openings, δt, that evolve near bimaterial interfaces are considerably larger than those that develop in homogeneous materials. The stresses within the finite strain zone are also higher. In addition, a localized zone of high hydrostatic stresses develops near the crack tip but then expands rapidly within the weaker material as the plasticity spreads across the ligament. These stresses can be as much as 30 percent higher than those in homogeneous materials. Thus, the weaker material is subjected to large stresses as well as strains—states which promote ductile fracture processes. At the same time, the accompanying high interfacial stresses can promote interfacial fracture.

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30

Tee, K. F., Colin J. Christopher, M. Neil James, and Eann A. Patterson. "New Insights into Plasticity-Induced Crack Tip Shielding via Mathematical Modelling and Full Field Photoelasticity." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.199.

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The topic of plasticity-induced closure and its role in shielding a crack tip from the full range of applied stress intensity factor has provoked considerable controversy over several decades. We are now in an era when full field measurement techniques, e.g. thermoelasticity and photoelasticity, offer a means of directly obtaining the stress field around a crack tip and hence the effective stress intensity factor. Nonetheless, without a clear understanding of the manner in which the development of plasticity around a growing crack affects the applied stress field, it will remain difficult to make crack growth rate predictions except through the use of an often highly conservative upper bound growth rate curve where closure is absent, or through semi-empirical approaches. This paper presents new evidence for an interpretation of plasticity-induced crack tip shielding as arising from two separate effects; a compatibility-induced interfacial shear stress at the elastic-plastic interface along the plastic wake of the crack, and a crack surface contact stress which will vary considerably as a function of stress state, load and material properties.

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31

Lopez-Crespo, Pablo, Belen Moreno, and Luca Susmel. "Influence of crack tip plasticity on fatigue propagation." Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 108 (August 2020): 102667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tafmec.2020.102667.

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32

Hammouda, M. "Significance of crack tip plasticity to early notch fatigue crack growth." International Journal of Fatigue 26, no. 2 (February 2004): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-1123(03)00094-x.

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33

Higashida, Kenji, Masaki Tanaka, and Ryuta Onodera. "HVEM Study of Crack Tip Dislocations in Silicon Crystals." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 4043–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.4043.

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The present paper describes the nature of crack tip plasticity in silicon crystals examined by high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Firstly, AFM images around a crack tip are presented, where the formation of fine slip bands with the step heights of one or two nanometers is demonstrated. Secondly, crack-tip dislocations observed by HVEM are exhibited, where it is emphasized that dislocation characterization is essential to consider the relief mechanism of crack-tip stress concentration.

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34

Sha, Yu, Hui Tang, Xin Song, and Jia Zhen Zhang. "Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of the Compressive Loading on Fatigue Crack Growth under Different Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.269.

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In this paper, elastic-plastic finite element analysis has been performed in order to obtain the fatigue crack tip parameters under tension-compression loading. Two centre-cracked high-strength aluminum alloy with a crack length of 2mm under different tension-compression loading are analyzed. The analysis shows that the compressive loading has a significant contribution towards the crack tip plasticity and the crack tip stress. In a tension-compression loading the crack tip displacement increases with the increase of the compressive stress and the crack tip compress stress increases with the increase of the compressive stress. The maximum stress intensity Kmax in the tension part of the stress cycle and the maximum compressive stress in the compression part of the stress cycle are the main factors controlling the near crack tip parameters.

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35

Charalambides, P. G., P. A. Mataga, R. M. McMeeking, and A. G. Evans. "Steady-State Mechanics of a Growing Crack Paralleling an Elastically Constrained Thin Ductile Layer." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 5S (May 1, 1990): S267—S270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120824.

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The steady-state near tip mechanics of brittle cracks growing under mixed mode conditions parallel and at close proximity to a thin ductile layer in a sandwich specimen morphology are examined. The plastic dissipation in the elastically constrained ductile layer is determined analytically through an approximate method and numerically via rigorous finite element calculations. Sensitivity studies regarding the effects of plasticity, layer thickness and crack location are presented. Thus, crack shielding characteristics are addressed and relationships between the remote (Gapp) and near tip (Gtip) energy release rates are established. The associated crack tip phase angle ψtip is extracted numerically via the method of finite elements. The above analysis is used to interpret experimental data for a sapphire/gold/sapphire system obtained using the plane strain four-point flexure model specimen geometry.

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36

Kornev, Vladimir M. "The coupled criterion for description of fatigue fracture. Material embrittlement in pre-fracture zone." MATEC Web of Conferences 165 (2018): 13008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816513008.

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Step-wise extension of a crack in quasi-brittle materials under low-cycle loading conditions is considered. Both steady and unsteady loadings in pulsating loading mode are studied. It is proposed to use quasi-brittle fracture diagrams for bodies under cyclic loading conditions. When diagrams are plotted, both necessary and sufficient fracture criteria by Neuber-Novozhilov are used. A specific implementation is made on the base of the Leonov-Panasyuk-Dugdale model for the mode I cracks when the pre-fracture zone width coincides with the plasticity zone width near the crack tip. The condition of a step-wise crack tip extension has been derived. A crack extends only in the embrittled material of the pre-fracture zone. The number of cycles between jumps of the crack tip is calculated by the Coffin equation, when damage accumulation in material in the pre-fracture zone is taken into account. Critical fracture parameters under low-cyclic loading conditions have been obtained in a closed form. Estimates of the average rate of crack tip advance for a loading cycle at step-wise crack extension and S − N curves have been obtained.

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37

Huang, E. Wen, Kuan Wei Li, Soo Yeol Lee, Wan Chuck Woo, Yi Shiun Ding, Leu Wen Tsay, and Chung Hao Chen. "Residual Strain Distribution around a Fatigue-Crack Tip Determined by Neutron Diffraction." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 1685–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.1685.

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An analysis of residual stress, one of the contributory factors to the crack tip driving force, is extremely important to probe the fatigue crack growth mechanism and to further develop the life prediction methodology. Since fatigue crack growth is governed by crack-tip plasticity and crack closure in the wake of the crack tip, the investigation of residual stain/stress field in both behind and in front of the crack tip is crucial. In the current work, a 304L stainless steel compact-tension specimen is pre-cracked under constant-amplitude cyclic loading. Neutron diffraction is employed to directly measure the three orthogonal residual strain fields with 1-mm spatial resolution as a function of distance from the crack tip. The mapping results show that the three orthogonal residual-strain distributions around the crack tip depend on the stress multiaxiality, not following a single Poisson relationship to each axis.

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38

Sha, Y., Hui Tang, and Jia Zhen Zhang. "Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of the Compressive Loading on Fatigue Crack Tip Parameters." Key Engineering Materials 392-394 (October 2008): 980–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.392-394.980.

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In this paper, a detailed elastic-plastic finite element analysis of the effect of the compressive loading on crack tip plasticity is studied based on the material’s kinematic hardening model. Five centre-cracked panel specimens with different crack lengths are analyzed. The analysis shows that in a tension-compression loading the maximum spread of the crack tip reverse plastic zone increases with the increase of the compressive stress and the near crack tip opening displacement decreases with the increase of the compressive stress at the same nominal stress intensity factor. The applied compressive stress is the main factor controlling the near crack tip parameters.

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39

Jiang, H., Y. Huang, T. F. Guo, and K. C. Hwang. "An Alternative Decomposition of the Strain Gradient Tensor." Journal of Applied Mechanics 69, no. 2 (July 18, 2001): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1430666.

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An alternative decomposition of the strain gradient tensor is proposed in this paper in order to ensure that the deviatoric strain gradient vanishes for an arbitrary volumetric strain field, which is consistent with the physical picture of plastic deformation. The theory of mechanism-based strain gradient (MSG) plasticity is then modified accordingly based on this new decomposition. The numerical study of the crack-tip field based on the new theory shows that the crack tip in MSG plasticity has the square-root singularity, and the stress level is much higher than the HRR field in classical plasticity.

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40

Vasco-Olmo, J. M., and F. A. Díaz. "Experimental evaluation of plasticity-induced crack shielding from crack tip displacements fields." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 9, no. 33 (June 19, 2015): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.33.24.

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41

Zhang, Yongfeng, Xiang-Yang Liu, Paul C. Millett, Michael Tonks, David A. Andersson, and Bulent Biner. "Crack tip plasticity in single crystal UO2: Atomistic simulations." Journal of Nuclear Materials 430, no. 1-3 (November 2012): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.06.044.

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42

Birol, Yucel. "Analysis of fatigue crack tip plasticity in Fe-2.6Si." Journal of Materials Science 23, no. 6 (June 1988): 2079–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01115772.

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43

Lee, O. S., A. S. Kobayashi, and A. Komine. "Further studies on crack-tip plasticity of rapid tearing." Experimental Mechanics 25, no. 1 (March 1985): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02329128.

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44

Lee, C. F., and L. T. Hsiao. "EndoFEM Crack Closure Analysis of AL2024-T3 CCT Specimen Under All Tension Fatigue Loading." Journal of Mechanics 16, no. 4 (December 2000): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1727719100001878.

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ABSTRACTThe endochronic cyclic plasticity with finite element analysis (EndoFEM) is employed to simulate plasticity-induced crack closure phenomenon of Al 2024-T3 CCT specimens under maximum cyclic stress of 80MPa and 0.1 stress ratio (R). Various fatigue crack lengths are generated by a rc dominated-node-released strategy. The suitability of element-mesh planning around crack tip is supported by the real simulations in the decreasing tendencies of crack opening load (Pop) with increased distance behind the crack tip, and the enough elements to reflect the reversed plastic responses at minimum load.EndoFEM results of vertical stress ahead of the crack tip show a typical distribution of small scale yield (SSY) in the realm of fracture mechanics; and Pop/Pmax ratio determined at 1mm behind crack tip is kept constant i.e. Kmax-independent. In these cases, fatigue parameters based on either the far field loading parameter ΔK, the effective ΔK (ΔKeff) with crack closure effect, or the mechanical responses ahead of crack tip (e.g. stress parameter, reversed (plastic) strain at 1mm) are all equivalent and are linearly correlated with the stage II fatigue crack growth (FCP) rate. However, for longer crack length with the ligament bending effect or shorter crack length with the starter notch effect, the Pop/Pmax ratio decreases and changes the SSY stress distribution. This result reduces the usefulness of the above fatigue parameters. As a consequence, a nonlinear correlation of FCP rates with ΔK or ΔKeff are purely empirical. The Kmax-dependent ΔKeff must be considered in the correlation as suggested by the present study of EndoFEM.

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Wang, Zhen Qing, Ji Bin Wang, Wen Yan Liang, and Juan Su. "The Asymptotic Elastic-Viscoplastic Field at Mode I Dynamic Propagating Crack-Tip." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 817–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.817.

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The viscosity of material is considered at propagating crack-tip. Under the assumption that the artificial viscosity coefficient is in inverse proportion to the power law of the plastic strain rate, an elastic-viscoplastic asymptotic analysis is carried out for moving crack-tip fields in power-hardening materials under plane-strain condition. A continuous solution is obtained containing no discontinuities. The variations of the numerical solution are discussed for mode I crack according to each parameter. It is shown that stress and strain both possess exponential singularity. The elasticity, plasticity and viscosity of material at the crack-tip only can be matched reasonably under linear-hardening condition. The tip field contains no elastic unloading zone for mode I crack.

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Toribio, Jesús, Juan-Carlos Matos, and Beatriz González. "Numerical Modeling of Plasticity-Induced Fatigue Crack Growth Retardation Due to Deflection in the Near-Tip Area." Metals 11, no. 4 (March 26, 2021): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11040541.

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This article studies the retardation effect in plasticity-induced fatigue crack growth rate for a low-medium strength steel, due to the appearance of microdeflections in the crack path. To this end, the finite element method was used to model the crack with its kinked tip under several stress intensity factor (SIF) ranges. The results allowed a calculation (after a small number of cycles) of the fatigue crack propagation rate for the multiaxial and uniaxial fatigue configurations at the microscopic level. It was observed that the retardation effect rose with an increase in the initial kinked crack tip angle, an increase in the initial projected kinked crack tip length, and with a decrease in the SIF range.

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Lopez-Crespo, Pablo, A. Shterenlikht, Eann A. Patterson, J. R. Yates, and Philip J. Withers. "Fatigue Crack Monitoring Using Image Correlation." Key Engineering Materials 385-387 (July 2008): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.341.

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A novel methodology based on a combination of experimental and analytical methods is used for monitoring the stress intensity factor in fatigue cracks subjected to constant amplitude loads. Full-field displacement information is fitted, following a multi-point over-deterministic approach, to an analytical model. This is developed from Muskhelishvili’s complex formulation. The methodology allowed accurate monitoring of the stress intensity factor during three fatigue cycles when small-scale yielding conditions were achieved. Moreover for larger loads where important plastic deformation occurs around the crack tip, Dugdale’s correction accounted for the differences between theoretical and calculated stress intensity factors. Accordingly the tool provides an indirect approach for measuring crack tip plasticity. Due to the fact that image correlation is relatively simple to use and is a non-contacting technique, the approach pioneered in this work seems ideal for monitoring fatigue cracks in industrial applications.

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Kumar, V., and M. D. German. "Studies of the Line-Spring Model for Nonlinear Crack Problems." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 107, no. 4 (November 1, 1985): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3264475.

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This paper presents an investigation of the line-spring model (LSM) of Rice and Levy as applied to nonlinear crack problems. A J2 deformation theory of plasticity formulation of a LSM for obtaining the fully plastic crack solutions is first described in the framework of a shell finite element method. Results are obtained for 2-D axial and circumferential cracks in cylinders and are compared against those developed by detailed finite element crack tip analyses. Discrepancies are found in the case of axially cracked cylinders under internal pressure. To overcome this problem a modified approach, termed the continuum-LSM, is presented, and its finite element implementation is described in some detail. It is shown that in contrast to the shell-LSM, the results obtained by the continuum-LSM for internally pressurized axially cracked cylinders are in close agreement with detailed finite element crack-tip calculations. Lastly, a discussion on the fully plastic analysis of surface cracks by the LSM is also given.

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Shinko, Tomoki, Gilbert Hénaff, Damien Halm, and Guillaume Benoit. "Influence of gaseous hydrogen on plastic strain in vicinity of fatigue crack tip in Armco pure iron." MATEC Web of Conferences 165 (2018): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816503006.

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A multi-scale characterisation of the crack tip plasticity has been investigated in a fatigue crack propagation under gaseous hydrogen at gas pressure of 35 MPa in a commercially pure iron, Armco iron. The dislocation structure beneath a fracture surface was observed by a Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM), and the cyclic and monotonic plastic zones were evaluated by an Out-of-Plane Displacement (OPD) measurement. By the TEM observation in a non-accelerated regime (ΔK = 11 MPa×m1/2), a dislocation cell structure was observed even in the brittle intergranular fracture in hydrogen. This result indicates a certain amount of plastic strain is introduced into the grains in front of an intergranular crack in hydrogen, and this may explain the mechanism of hydrogen-induced intergranular fatigue crack propagation. On the other hand, in an accelerated regime (ΔK = 18 and 20 MPa×m1/2), a distribution of scattered dislocation tangles without any cell or vein structure was observed in hydrogen. Besides, the inhibition of the cyclic plasticity near the crack path in hydrogen was confirmed by the OPD measurement. These results are clear evidences of hydrogen-induced localization of cyclic plasticity in the vicinity of a crack tip, which suggests a mechanism model of hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth based on the plasticity localization.

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Fujii, Tomoyuki, Keiichiro Tohgo, Yu Itoh, Daisuke Kato, and Yoshinobu Shimamura. "Analysis of Crack-Tip Field of Particulate-Reinforced Composites Taking Account of Particle Size Effect and Debonding Damage." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.625.

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This paper deals with an analysis of a crack-tip field of particulate-reinforced composites which can describe the evolution of debonding damage, matrix plasticity and particle size effect on deformation and damage. Numerical analyses were carried out on a crack-tip field in elastic-plastic matrix composites reinforced with elastic particles by using a finite element method developed based on an incremental damage theory. The particle size effect on damage is described by a critical energy criterion for particle-matrix interfacial debonding. The effect of debonding damage on a crack-tip field is discussed based on numerical results. The debonding damage initiates and progresses ahead of a crack-tip. The stress distribution shifts downward in the debonding damage area. It is concluded that a crack-tip field is strongly affected by debonding damage.

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