Relevant bibliographies by topics / Crack tip element

Academic literature on the topic 'Crack tip element'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Crack tip element"

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Liu, C. H., and Jui-Hsiang Lin. "Finite Element Analysis of Interface Cracks Using Multiple Point Constraints." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 41, no. 4 (May 1, 2006): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/03093247jsa112.

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A finite element technique to analyse closed-mode interface cracks is proposed in this study. Stress boundary conditions for a closed-tip model are transformed into multiple point constraints (MPCs) for nodal displacements. These constraints are imposed upon the finite element solutions to simulate closed-tip stress fields in crack-tip elements. This technique can deal with small as well as large crack-tip contact zones, and no special elements other than the standard quarter-point elements are needed. Since stresses approach infinity at the crack tip in a quarter-point element, dominant terms are used in deriving MPCs for nodal displacements. Fracture parameters are obtained by using the virtual crack extension method, and numerical results are in good agreement with analytical results.
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Yan, Xiangqiao. "An Efficient and Accurate Numerical Method of Stress Intensity Factors Calculation of a Branched Crack." Journal of Applied Mechanics 72, no. 3 (May 1, 2005): 330–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1796449.

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Based on the analytical solution of Crouch to the problem of a constant discontinuity in displacement over a finite line segment in an infinite elastic solid, in the present paper, the crack-tip displacement discontinuity elements, which can be classified as the left and the right crack-tip elements, are presented to model the singularity of stress near a crack tip. Furthermore, the crack-tip elements together with the constant displacement discontinuity elements presented by Crouch and Starfied are used to develop a numerical approach for calculating the stress intensity factors (SIFs) of general plane cracks. In the boundary element implementation, the left or the right crack-tip element is placed locally at the corresponding left or right crack tip on top of the constant displacement discontinuity elements that cover the entire crack surface and the other boundaries. The method is called the hybrid displacement discontinuity method (HDDM). Numerical examples are given and compared with the available solutions. It can be found that the numerical approach is simple, yet very accurate for calculating the SIFs of branched cracks. As a new example, cracks emanating from a rhombus hole in an infinite plate under biaxial loads are taken into consideration. The numerical results indicate the efficiency of the present numerical approach and can reveal the effect of the biaxial load on the SIFs. In addition, the hybrid displacement discontinuity method together with the maximum circumferential stress criterion (Erdogan and Sih) becomes a very effective numerical approach for simulating the fatigue crack propagation process in plane elastic bodies under mixed-mode conditions. In the numerical simulation, for each increment of crack extension, remeshing of existing boundaries is not required because of an intrinsic feature of the HDDM. Crack propagation is simulated by adding new boundary elements on the incremental crack extension to the previous crack boundaries. At the same time, the element characters of some related elements are adjusted according to the manner in which the boundary element method is implemented.
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Lenkovskiy, T. M., V. V. Kulyk, Z. A. Duriagina, R. A. Kovalchuk, V. G. Topilnytskyy, V. V. Vira, T. L. Tepla, O. V. Bilash, and K. I. Lishchynska. "An effective crack tip region finite element sub-model for fracture mechanics analysis." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 2, no. 87 (October 1, 2017): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7446.

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Purpose: To create an effective in engineering strength calculation three-dimensional submodel of the near crack tip region in solids for hi-fidelity analysis of their stress-strain state by the finite element method. Design/methodology/approach: To create a volume near the crack tip, regular threedimensional 20-node prismatic isoparametric elements and 15-node special elements with edge length of 12.5 μm with shifted nodes in order to simulate the singularity of stress at the crack tip were used. Using these two types of elements, a cylindrical fragment of diameter of 100 μm was built. In its base is a 16-vertex polygon, and its axis is the crack front line. In the radial direction the size of the elements was smoothly enlarged by creating of 5 circular layers of elements, and in the axial direction 8 layers were created. For convenience of the sub-model usage, the cylindrical fragment was completed by regular elements to a cubic form with edge size 400 μm. For the sub-model approbation, the full-scale three-dimensional models of standard specimens with cracks were built. The stress intensity factor K at normal tension was calculated assuming small scale yielding conditions in a plane between 4th and 5th layers of special elements on the basis of analysis of displacement fields near the crack tip. Findings: An effective three-dimensional sub-model of the near crack tip region is proposed. The sub-model was used to obtain the dependence of the stress intensity factor on the relative crack length at normal tension for four types of standard specimens. The obtained dependences show excellent correlation with known analytical solutions. Research limitations/implications: The concept of finite element meshing at threedimensional modelling of the near crack tip region for high-fidelity stress-strain state analysis was generalized. A sub-model of the near crack tip region was created and used to determine the stress intensity factor at normal tension of four types of standard specimens. It is shown that the proposed methodology is effective for precise analysis of the stressstrain state of solids with cracks within the framework of linear fracture mechanics. Practical implications: By applying the generalized approach and the proposed threedimensional sub-model of the near crack tip region, one can determine the stress-strain state of structure elements and machine parts when analysing their workability by the finite element method. Originality/value: An effective finite-element sub-model for the stress-strain state analysis in the vicinity of the crack tip within the framework of the linear fracture mechanics is proposed.
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Zhong, Zhi Peng, Shui Wan, and Lin Yun Zhou. "A new Interface Element Method on Computation of the Interface Crack Propagation Energy Release Rate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 4573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.4573.

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A new interface element method was proposed to calculate the strain energy release rates(SERR) based on the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT). A Lagrange multiplier was introduced between the node pair at crack tip to obtain the internal forces. Then from the VCCT, the SERR was solved by using the forces and displacements near the crack tip. Examples for stationary cracks under the two typical cases are given. Meanwhile, the relationship curves between crack energy release rate and the length of crack, plate depths were plotted respectively.The example shows that the interface element used to calculate the SERR is simple, efficient, and highly accurate in analysis of 2D crack growth problems, and without requiring the special singularity element or collapsed element at crack tip.
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Selvadurai, A. P. "Nonlinear mechanics of cracks subjected to indentation." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 766–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-019.

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The paper presents the application of a boundary element technique to study the behaviour of plane cracks that are located at corner regions of an elastic solid and open during indentation. In particular, the surfaces of the planes on which indentation takes place also exhibit Coulomb frictional responses and degradation in the friction angle with plastic energy dissipation. An incremental boundary element formulation, in which special singularity elements model the behaviour at the crack tip, is used to examine the crack problems. The methodology is applied to investigate the mode I stress intensity factor at the crack tip located at the base of a V-notch in a test specimen.Key words: indented cracks, boundary element modelling, Coulomb friction, stress intensity factors
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Chu, Seok Jae, and Cong Hao Liu. "Finite Element Simulation of Stable Fatigue Crack Growth Using Critical CTOD Determined by Preliminary Finite Element Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 1675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.1675.

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Finite element simulation of stable fatigue crack growth using critical crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) was done. In the preliminary finite element simulation without crack growth, the critical CTOD was determined by monitoring the ratio between the displacement increments at the nodes above the crack tip and behind the crack tip in the neighborhood of the crack tip. The critical CTOD was determined as the vertical displacement at the node on the crack surface just behind the crack tip at the maximum ratio. In the main finite element simulation with crack growth, the crack growth rate with respect to the effective stress intensity factor range considering crack closure yielded more consistent result. The exponents m in the Paris law were determined.
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Choi, Hyeon Chang. "The Prediction of Fatigue Crack Opening Behavior Using Cyclic Crack Tip Opening Displacement by Finite Element Analysis." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.295.

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An elastic-plastic finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to examine the opening behavior of fatigue crack, where the contact elements are used in the mesh of the crack tip area. The relationship between fatigue crack opening behavior and cyclic crack tip opening displacement was studied in the previous study. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the element size when predict fatigue crack opening behavior using the cyclic crack tip opening displacement obtained from FEA. The cyclic crack tip opening displacement is well related to fatigue crack opening behavior.
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Hai, Gong, Yi Bin, Wu Yunxin, Liao Zhiqi, Liu Yaoqiong, and Du Fei. "Integral Aircraft Wing Panels with Penetration Cracks: The Influence of Structural Parameters on the Stress Intensity Factor." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 16, 2020): 4142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124142.

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The finite element model of integral wing panels with central penetration cracks under bending load was established, and the crack propagation process of the aircraft panel was simulated. The stress intensity factor (SIF) of the crack tip during crack propagation under varying conditions of crack length and panel structural parameters was determined. The effects of the panel structure parameters and crack size on the crack tip SIF were obtained. The regression analysis of the finite simulation element results has been performed and a regression model of SIF at the crack tip of the integral panel has been established, the determination coefficient of the regression model is 0.955.
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Hinneh, Perry, and Pi Hua Wen. "Displacement Correlation Technique for Interface Crack by FEM." Key Engineering Materials 713 (September 2016): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.713.346.

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Interface crack is evaluated using modified quarter point crack tip displacement method. Quarter point elements around the crack tip were employed in the Finite Element (ABAQUS) analysis to determine the near crack tip grid point displacements. In this study, a technique is adopted in which the crack opening displacement of the near crack tip grid point is forced to satisfy a known constraint. The linear term in the distance around the crack tip is reduced to zero. The complex stress intensity factor for interface crack is determined using the quarter point and the displacement correlation technique. It is well observed that FEM produce a less reliable displacement approximation around interface crack tip. However, this report will show that the use of near crack tip open displacement as determined by the standard finite element method can be utilised to give satisfactory result for the interface stress intensity factors K1 and K2.
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Gray, L. J., A. V. Phan, Glaucio H. Paulino, and T. Kaplan. "Improved quarter-point crack tip element." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 70, no. 2 (January 2003): 269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-7944(02)00027-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Crack tip element"

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Potirniche, Gabriel Petru. "FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF CRACK TIP PLASTIC ANISOTROPY WITH APPLICATION TO SMALL FATIGUE CRACKS AND TEXTURED ALUMINUM ALLOYS." MSSTATE, 2003. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06242003-220551/.

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For the characterization of crack advance in mechanical components and specimens under monotonic and fatigue loading, many engineering approaches use the assumption that the plastic deformation at the crack tip is isotropic. There are situations when this assumption is not correct, and the modeling efforts require additional correction factors that account for this simplification. The goal of this work is to study two cases where the plastic anisotropy at the crack tip is predominant and influences the magnitude crack-tip parameters, which in turn determine the amount of crack advance under applied loading. At the microstructural level, the small crack issue it is a long-standing problem in the fatigue community. Most of the small crack models consider that the plastic deformation at the crack tip is isotropic. The proposed approached for analyzing small crack growth is to perform finite element simulation of small cracks growing in a material that is assigned single crystal plastic properties. The nature of the plastic deformation of the material at the crack tip in the intra-granular regions could be accurately described and used for modeling small crack growth. By employing finite element analyses for stationary and growing cracks, the main characteristics of the plastic deformation at the crack tip, such as plastic zone sizes and shapes, crack-tip opening displacements, crack-tip opening stresses, are quantified and crack growth rates are determined. Ultimately, by using this crystal plasticity model calibrated for different microstructures, important time and financial resources for real experiments for the study of small cracks can be spared by employing finite element simulations. At macroscale, it is widely known that the manufacturing processes for aluminum alloys results in highly anisotropic microstructures, known as textures. The plastic behavior of these types of materials is far from isotropic and even the use of classical anisotropic yield criteria, such as that on Hill (Hill, 1950), is far from producing accurate results for describing the plastic deformation. Two of these anisotropic yield functions are implemented into finite element code ANSYS and stationary cracks are studied in a wide variety of textures. Significant variations of the plastic deformation at the crack due to the anisotropy are revealed.
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Karedla-Ravi, Shankar. "Modeling of crack tip high inertia zone in dynamic brittle fracture." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5783.

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A phenomenological cohesive term is proposed and added to an existing cohesive constitutive law (by Roy and Dodds) to model the crack tip high inertia region proposed by Gao. The new term is attributed to fracture mechanisms that result in high energy dissipation around the crack tip and is assumed to be a function of external energy per volume input into the system. Finite element analysis is performed on PMMA with constant velocity boundary conditions and mesh discretization based on the work of Xu and Needleman. The cohesive model with the proposed dissipative term is only applied in the high inertia zone i.e., to cohesive elements very close to the crack tip and the traditional Roy and Dodds model is applied on cohesive elements in the rest of the domain. It was observed that crack propagated in three phases with a speed of 0.35cR before branching, which are in good agreement with experimental observations. Thus, modeling of high inertia zone is one of the key aspects to understanding brittle fracture.
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Yu, LiJie. "A three-dimensional crack tip element for energy release rate determination and delamination growth prediction." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Unosson, Mattias. "On failure modelling in finite element analysis : material imperfections and element erosion." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4679.

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Mikulik, Zoltan Mechanical &amp Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Application of fracture mechanics to predict the growth of single and multi-level delaminations and disbonds in composite structures." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41560.

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The high stiffness to weight ratio and fatigue resistance make carbon fibre composites suitable for both military and large civil aircraft. The limited ability of current numerical methods to capture the complex growth of damage in laminated composites leads to a conservative design approach applied in today??s composite aircraft structures. The aim of the presented research was to develop an improved methodology for the failure prediction of laminated composites containing delaminations located between arbitrary layers in the laminate, and to extend the investigations to composite structures subjected to barely visible impact damage (BVID). The advantages of fracture mechanics-based methodologies to predict interlaminar failure in composite structures were identified, from which the crack tip element (CTE) approach and the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) were selected for assessment. Extensive validation of these fracture mechanics methods is presented on a number of composite structures ranging from coupons to large stiffened panels. It was shown that the VCCT was relatively insensitive to the crack front mesh size, whilst predictions using the CTE methodology were significantly influenced by the element size. Based on the obtained results modelling guidelines for the VCCT and CTE were established. Significant contribution of this research to the field of the analysis of composite structures was the development of a novel test method for the evaluation of embedded single and multi-level delaminations. The test procedure of the single delamination specimen was proposed as an analogous test to conventional compression experiments. The transverse test overcame the inherent problems of in-plane compression testing and produced less scatter of experimental measurements. Quantitative analysis of numerical results employing the validated finite element modelling approaches showed that the failure load and location were in agreement with experiments. Furthermore, new modelling techniques for composite structures containing BVID proposed in this research produced good correlation with test data from the compression after impact (CAI) test. The study of BVID provided a significant contribution toward the knowledge of the applicability of implicit FE solvers to predict failure of CAI specimens as well as the criticality of centrally impacted specimens.
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Dharmawan, Ferry, and ferry dharmawan@rmit edu au. "The Structural Integrity And Damage Tolerance Of Composite T-Joints in Naval Vessels." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081216.163144.

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In this thesis, the application of composite materials for marine structures and specifically naval vessels has been explored by investigating its damage criticality. The use of composite materials for Mine Counter Measure Vessels (MCMVs) was desirable, especially for producing material characteristics, such as light weight, corrosion resistance, design flexibility due to its anisotropic nature and most importantly stealth capability. The T-Joint structure, as the primary connection between the hull and bulkhead forms the focus of this research. The aim of the research was to determine the methodology to predict the damage criticality of the T-Joint under a pull-off tensile loading using FE (Finite Element) based fracture mechanics theory. The outcome of the research was that the Finite Element (FE) simulations were used in conjunction with fracture mechanics theory to determine the failure mechanism of the T-Joint in the presence of disbonds in the critical loca tion. It enables certain pre-emptive strengthening mechanisms or other preventive solutions to be made since the T-Joint responses can be predicted precisely. This knowledge contributes to the damage tolerance design methodology for ship structures, particularly in the T-Joint design. The results comparison between the VCCT (Virtual Crack Closure Technique) analysis and the experiment results showed that the VCCT is a dependable analytical method to predict the T-Joint failure mechanisms. It was capable of accurately determining the crack initiation and final fracture load. The maximum difference between the VCCT analysis with the experiment results was approximately 25% for the T-Joint with a horizontal disbond. However, the application of the CTE (Crack Tip Element) method for the T-Joint displayed a huge discrepancy compared with the results (fracture toughness) obtained using the VCCT method, because the current T-Joint structure geometry did not meet the Classical Laminate Plate Theory (CLPT) criteria. The minimum fracture toughness difference for both analytical methods was approximately 50%. However, it also has been tested that when the T-Joint structure geometry satisfied the CLPT criteria, the maximum fracture toughness discrepancy between both analytical methods was only approximately 10%. It was later discovered from the Griffith energy principle that the fracture toughness differences between both analytical methods were due to the material compliance difference as both analytical methods used different T-Joint structures.
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Mokashi, Prasad Shrikant. "Numerical modeling of homogeneous and bimaterial crack tip and interfacial cohesive zones with various traction-displacement laws." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180621217.

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Sun, Ta-chien. "Fundamental study of contact resistance behavior in RSW aluminum." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1069807481.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxviii, 314 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 303-314). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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來海, 博央, Hirohisa KIMACHI, 拓. 田中, Hiroshi TANAKA, 敏弘 佐藤, Toshihiro SATOH, 啓介 田中, and Keisuke TANAKA. "モードⅡ荷重を受ける長繊維強化複合材料の層間マトリックスき裂先端での塑性領域." 日本機械学会, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9170.

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來海, 博央, Hirohisa KIMACHI, 拓. 田中, Hiroshi TANAKA, 敏弘 佐藤, Toshihiro SATOH, 啓介 田中, and Keisuke TANAKA. "モードⅠき裂を有する長繊維強化複合材料における塑性領域の弾塑性有限要素法解析." 日本機械学会, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9173.

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Books on the topic "Crack tip element"

1

Riks, E. A finite element analysis of cracks in a thin walled cylinder under internal pressure. Amsterdam: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1987.

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Barwell, Craig A. A study of failure in small pressurized cylindrical shells containing a crack. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1998.

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Naik, Rajiv A. Fracture mechanics analysis for various fiber/matrix interface loadings. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1991.

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C, Newman J., Bigelow C. A, and Langley Research Center, eds. Three-dimensional CTOA and constraint effects during stable tearing in a thin-sheet material. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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C, Newman J., Bigelow C. A, and Langley Research Center, eds. Three-dimensional CTOA and constraint effects during stable tearing in a thin-sheet material. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Three-dimensional CTOA and constraint effects during stable tearing in a thin-sheet material. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Three-dimensional CTOA and constraint effects during stable tearing in a thin-sheet material. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Fracture analysis of stiffened panels under biaxial loading with widespread cracking. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Center, Langley Research, ed. Fracture analysis of stiffened panels under biaxial loading with widespread cracking. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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C, Newman J., and Langley Research Center, eds. Methodology for predicting the onset of widespread fatigue damage in lap-splice joints. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Crack tip element"

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Kitagawa, Hiroshi, and Shunsuke Komeda. "Finite Element Analysis of Crack-Tip Opening." In Computational Mechanics ’86, 1141–46. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68042-0_166.

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Go, C. G., and M. S. Wu. "The Generation of Crack-Tip Element Using Iteration Method." In Computational Mechanics ’86, 1047–49. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68042-0_151.

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Sang, Jian Bing, Su Fang Xing, Xiao Lei Li, and Jie Zhang. "Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Crack Tip of Rubber-Like Material." In Key Engineering Materials, 1013–16. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-456-1.1013.

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Shao, Zhuoping, and Fuli Wang. "Finite Element Analysis of Wood Crack Tip Stress Field and Prediction of the Crack Propagation Direction." In The Fracture Mechanics of Plant Materials, 87–102. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9017-2_5.

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Choi, Hyeon Chang. "The Prediction of Fatigue Crack Opening Behavior Using Cyclic Crack Tip Opening Displacement by Finite Element Analysis." In Fracture and Damage Mechanics V, 295–98. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-413-8.295.

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Zhang, J. Z., Xiao Dong He, X. Song, and Shan Yi Du. "Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of the Compressive Loading on the Crack Tip Plasticity." In Fracture and Damage Mechanics V, 73–76. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-413-8.73.

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Gori, Yatika, and Rajesh P. Verma. "Estimation of Plastic Zone at Crack Tip Under Fatigue Loading of AA6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy by Finite Element Analysis Using ANSYS." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 595–606. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6469-3_55.

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Walters, H. G., and G. S. Gipson. "Parametric Continuous Crack Tip Boundary Elements in Two-Dimensional Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics." In Boundary Elements XIII, 603–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3696-9_48.

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Su, R. K. L., H. Y. Sun, and A. Y. T. Leung. "Determination of crack tip asymptotic stress field by fractal finite element method." In Computational Fluid and Solid Mechanics 2003, 662–65. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044046-0.50163-9.

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Kishimoto, K., T. Yoshida, S. Aoki, and M. Sakata. "Finite Element Analysis on Ductile Fracture Near a Crack Tip Under Mixed Mode Conditions." In Advances in Plasticity 1989, 511–14. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-040182-9.50126-0.

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Conference papers on the topic "Crack tip element"

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Terfas, Osama A. "Crack Tip Constraint for a Surface Crack Under Fully Plastic Conditions." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77371.

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The development of the crack shape in a thick wall pressure vessel is important in fitness-for-service evaluations such as leak-before-break. In this work the crack tip stress field for surface cracks in a thick plate is investigated using 3-D finite element analyses. The mean stress around the crack from the deepest point to the free surface is investigated for a semi-circular surface breaking crack. A new empirical procedure is developed that allows ductile crack growth to be modelled on the basis of standard deep and shallow cracked fracture toughness test data. In conjunction with this procedure the results show that the crack growth will be suppressed at the deepest segments and the crack will preferentially grow in direction of 45°–70° measured from the deepest point in full plasticity.
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Hotwani, Vishal, and Ashok V. Kumar. "Efficient Implementation of Extended Finite Element Method." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70893.

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Extended finite element method (or XFEM) locally enriches the finite element solution using a priori known analytical solution. XFEM has been used extensively in fracture mechanics to compute stress concentration at crack tips. It is a mesh independent method that allows crack to be represented as an equation instead of using the mesh to approximate it. When this approach is used along with Implicit Boundary Finite Element Method (IBFEM) to apply boundary conditions, a fully mesh independent approach for studying crack tip stresses can be implemented. An efficient scheme for blending the enriched solution structure with the underlying finite element solution is presented. A ramped step function is introduced for modeling discontinuity or a crack within an element. Exact analytical solution is used as enrichment at the crack tip element to obtain the stress intensity factor (SIF) directly without any post processing or contour integral computation. Several examples are used to study the convergence and accuracy of the solution.
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Lam, Poh-Sang, Yil Kim, and Yuh J. Chao. "Crack Tip Opening Displacement and Angle for a Growing Crack in Carbon Steel." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71485.

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The crack tip opening displacements and angles (CTOD/CTOA) are calculated with finite element method based on the test data of a set of constraint-dependent J-R curves for A285 carbon steel. The values of the CTOD/CTOA are initially high at initiation, but rapidly decrease to a nearly constant value. When the common practice is adopted by using only the constant part of CTOD/CTOA as the fracture criterion, the crack growth behavior is shown to be severely underestimated. However, with a bilinear form of CTOD/CTOA fracture criterion which approximates the initial non-constant portion, the experimental load vs. crack extension curves can be closely predicted. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the CTOD/CTOA is crack tip constraint dependent. The values of CTOD/CTOA for specimens with various ratios of crack length to specimen width (a/W) are reflected by the J-R curves and their slopes.
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Xue, He, Zhanpeng Lu, Hiroyoshi Murakami, and Tetsuo Shoji. "Effect of Uneven Crack Front on Crack Tip Mechanics and the Implication to Stress Corrosion Crack Growth." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77625.

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Uneven crack fronts have been observed in laboratory stress corrosion cracking tests. For example, cracking fronts of nickel-base alloys tested in simulated boiling water reactor (BWR) and pressurized water reactor (PWR) environments could exhibit uneven crack front. Analyzing the effect of an uneven crack front on further crack growth is important for quantification of crack growth. Finite-Element analysis shows that the local KI distribution can be significantly affected by the shape and size of the uneven crack front. Stress intensity factor at the locally extended crack front can be significantly reduced. Since generally there is a nonlinear CGR versus KI relationship, it is expected that crack growth rate at the locally extended crack front can be significantly different from those in the neighboring areas. There could be several patterns for the growth of an uneven crack front. For example, once initiated, the crack growth rate in areas other than the locally protruded front would become higher and then the whole crack front would tend to become uniform. On the other hand, if the crack growth in other areas is still low, there is a possibility that the crack growth rate at the front tip would slow down.
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Dai, H., J. F. Kelleher, and P. J. Withers. "Crack Tip Behaviour in Residual Stress Field: Finite Element Modelling and Neutron Diffraction Measurements." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57316.

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Simple analyses of fracture and fatigue often make use of the stress intensity at a crack tip or the J-integral surrounding it. However, there is no universally accepted method of including the effect of residual stress in these values, even though the qualitative effect of residual stress on crack growth is well known. In this work, we create a cracked compact tension C(T) specimen with a residual stress field that affects the crack tip behaviour, in particular by altering the level of expected crack closure. Neutron diffraction measurements under in situ applied loading reveal strain distributions consistent with an increased level of closure when the crack tip is in a state of compressive residual stress. Through finite element modelling of the samples studied, we show that the residual stress in these samples redistributes as the crack grows, which changes the level of crack closure for any given crack length and applied load. As crack closure is often considered in fatigue analysis by deriving an ‘effective’ stress intensity based on the applied load needed to overcome the closure and open the crack, the model is used to compare this approach with numerical calculations of the J-integral for different crack lengths.
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DAVIDSON, BARRY, and TODD KRAFCHAK. "MIXED MODE ENERGY RELEASE RATE DETERMINATION FOR DELAMINATION BUCKLING USING A CRACK TIP ELEMENT." In 34th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-1453.

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El Emam, Hesham M., Alaa Eldin M. El-Sisi, Hani A. Salim, and Hossam E. M. Sallam. "Cyclic Deformation at the Tip of Inclined Cracks in Steel Plates." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45233.

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The evaluation of the crack tip deformation is essential to the estimation of crack growth under either static or cyclic loading. A 3-D elastic-plastic finite element analysis was developed to simulate the crack tip deformation along mixed mode inclined edge cracks in a steel plate subjected to either monotonic or cyclic loading at selected R-ratios. Bilinear kinematic hardening model was used to describe the material behavior. The development of the monotonic (Δm) and cyclic (Δc) crack tip plastically deformed zones and opening displacements were traced to find the effect of the crack inclination angle, which significantly affected the size and shape of the crack tip plastic zone. The finite element results compared well with the analytical results based on modified Dugdale’s model. It was observed that Mode II has a significant effect on the plastic zone in the case of equal inclined crack length (EICL), i.e., Mode II increases as the crack angle decreases. Also, it is interesting to note that for the EICL, the magnitude of Δc is delayed to appear with decreasing the inclination angle. Whereas, the variation of monotonic and cyclic plastic zone size in the equal crack horizontal projection (ECHP) case is not affected by the crack inclination angle. Furthermore, it was observed that the static crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) and the cyclic CTOD are independent of the crack inclination angle.
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Hadidimoud, Saeid, Ali Mirzaee-Sisan, Chris E. Truman, and David J. Smith. "Predicting How Crack Tip Residual Stresses Influence Brittle Fracture." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1113.

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A probability distribution model, based on the local approach to fracture, has been developed and used for estimating cleavage fracture following prior loading (or warm pre-stressing) in two ferritic steels. Although there are many experimental studies it is not clear from these studies whether the generation of local residual stress and/or crack tip blunting as a result of prior loading contribute to the enhancement in toughness. We first identify the Weibull parameters required to match the experimental scatter in lower shelf toughness of the candidate steels. Second we use these parameters in finite element simulations of prior loading on the upper shelf followed by unloading and cooling to lower shelf temperatures to determine the probability of failure. The predictions are consistent with experimental scatter in toughness following WPS and provide a means of determining the relative importance of the crack tip residual stresses and crack tip blunting. We demonstrate that for our steels the crack tip residual stress is the pivotal feature in improving the fracture toughness following WPS. The paper finally discusses these results in the context of the non-uniqueness and the sensitivity of the Weibull parameters.
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Gonzalez, Marco, and Manuel Martinez. "Stress Intensity Factors for Axial Cracks in Pressurized Cylindrical Elements Using the Boundary Element Method." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97670.

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Pressure vessels and pipes are inspected to establish the presence of cracks that could affect their integrity for a reliable operation avoiding the possible negative impact of their failure. The Boundary Element Method (BEM) is a relatively new numerical method in this kind of applications, which is based on Integral Equations (IE), considering only the contour of the solid (meaning an easier meshing). The BEM has a good accuracy that promotes its use in stresses analysis. Crack growth modeling is one of the most important applications for the BEM, since it allows an accurate stress analysis in the crack faces and crack propagation analysis without re-meshing. This paper focuses on modeling an inside surface axial crack in a cylindrical element under internal pressure using 2D-BEM, to determine the mode I Stress Intensity Factors (KI) at the crack tip. These factors are used to predict the mechanical behavior of the element and its residual life when is subjected to cyclic loadings The BEM generates less conservative results than API 579 rules for Ri/t ≤ 10, meanwhile for Ri/t ≥ 12 the results are in a good agreement with that standard. New simple correlations to calculate KI for 5≤Ri/t≤10 and 10<Ri/t≤25, are offered.
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Wang, Z. X., Jian-ye Huang, Y. J. Chao, and P. S. Lam. "Crack Tip Constraint Under Biaxial Loading in Elastic-Plastic Materials." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25854.

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Crack tip constraint is known to affect the fracture resistance of materials. The effect of biaxial loading on a center crack in an X100 steel plate has been investigated. The crack driving force and the constraint parameter are estimated based on the two-parameter J-A2 theory in elastic-plastic fracture mechanics with the aid of finite element analysis. The center-cracked plate is subject to various degrees of biaxiality (defined as the ratio of the transverse stress parallel to the crack and the opening stress normal to the crack). Using the constraint parameter (A2) in uniaxial loading condition as a reference value, a Constraint Enhancement Factor is introduced to facilitate the investigation of crack tip constraint under biaxial loading. The analysis carried out in this paper has established a relationship between the Constraint Enhancement Factor and the biaxiality. With the J-A2 fracture model, the critical applied load and the critical crack driving force can be expressed as functions of biaxial loading ratio. The methodology and analysis results can be used in structural integrity assessment of a pressure vessel or piping which contains a crack under biaxial loading.
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