Relevant bibliographies by topics / CPOX

Academic literature on the topic 'CPOX'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "CPOX"

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Areerob, P., W. Dahlan, and K. Angkanaporn. "Dietary crude palm oil supplementation improves egg quality and modulates tissue and yolk vitamin E concentrations of laying hen." Animal Production Science 59, no. 8 (2019): 1491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18220.

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Crude palm oil (CPO) is a valuable energy supplement for poultry diets and a rich source of vitamin A and E. Data on the effect of vitamin E tocotrienol in CPO on laying hen metabolism are limited. The present study examined the effects of dietary CPO supplementation on the performance and tissue distribution of vitamin E in laying hens and on egg quality. In total, 144 49-week old Hysex Brown hens were allocated randomly into four groups (36 per group), in single cages, and received corn–soybean basal diet supplemented with either lard at 20 g/kg (control), or CPO at 20 (CPO1), 30 (CPO2) or 40 g/kg (CPO3). Egg quality, hen performance, egg yolk cholesterol and hen tissue concentrations of vitamin E were examined. Dietary supplementation with CPO increased the egg yolk colour, egg and yolk weight compared with the control group, but not specific gravity, albumen quality, albumen weight and shell weight. Importantly, CPO supplementation significantly decreased egg yolk cholesterol concentrations (lowest level in the CPO3 group) and enhanced (P < 0.05) the total vitamin E tocopherols in CPO1 and total tocotrienols in CPO2 and CPO3. Hens fed on CPO3 had the lowest total tocopherol concentrations in their egg yolk and adipose tissue, but the highest tocotrienol in their plasma, egg yolk and adipose tissue. In addition, dietary CPO supplementation resulted in the highest deposition of tocotrienol in the hen’s adipose tissue compared with in the egg yolk, or hen’s liver and plasma. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with CPO improved the egg yolk weight and yolk colour, while it reduced the total cholesterol concentration and resulted in more vitamin E in the egg and hen’s adipose tissue, with increased concentrations of α-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol and γ-tocotrienol.
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Liu, Anlei, Lingli Zhou, Huadong Zhu, Yi Li, and Jing Yang. "Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Hereditary Coproporphyria: Two Different Entities Diagnosed by WES in the Same Patient." BioMed Research International 2022 (May 28, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9096999.

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Background. Hereditary coproporphyria (HCP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by a partial deficiency of coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (CPOX), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic predisposition. SLC7A7 (solute carrier family 7 member 7) may be associated with monogenic lupus disease; however, only 2 cases of concomitant HCP and SLE have been reported. Methods. We report a 30-year-old woman with a six-year history of SLE presenting with abdominal pain, vomiting, dysuria, tachycardia, and hyponatremia. Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were carried out for the proband and members of her pedigree to detect the genetic background. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to search the related gene expression profiles. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO2R. Result. A novel heterozygous splicing mutation of CPOX (NM_000097): c.700+2 T > C (intron 2) was detected by WES in the proband, and it was considered likely pathogenic (PSV1+PM2). Sanger sequencing verified the heterozygous mutation of CPOX in the proband, although it was not detected in her father. WES also identified 62 other gene variants, especially two heterozygous variants in SLC7A7 (NM_001126106): c.250G > A (p. V84I) and c.625+1G > A (splicing). DEGs were detected from GSE51997, and the expression of CPOX was downregulated in SLE patients compared with normal controls (adj. P = 0.0071 , logFC = − 1.0975 ). Conclusion. This study presents the first reported case of SLE coexisting with HCP in China; moreover, a novel splicing mutation of CPOX, i.e., c.700+2 T > C (intron 2), and two heterozygous mutations of SLC7A7 were reported. The simultaneous mutations of CPOX and SLC7A7 may explain the etiopathogenetic connections of HCP and SLE.
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Chen, Xiajun, Jixiang He, Mengying Zhang, Zhiyi Bai, and Jiale Li. "Identification of a coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase gene and its correlation with nacre color in Hyriopsis cumingii." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 21, 2022): e0265318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265318.

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Pearl color is an important factor influencing pearl value, and is affected by the nacre color of the shell in Hyriopsis cumingii. Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase (CPOX) is a key enzyme in porphyrin synthesis, and porphyrins are involved in color formation in different organisms, including in the nacre color of mussels. In this study, a CPOX gene (HcCPOX) was identified from H. cumingii, and its amino acid sequence was found to contain a coprogen-oxidase domain. HcCPOX mRNA was expressed widely in the tissues of white and purple mussels, and the highest expression was found in the gill, followed by the fringe mantle. The expression of HcCPOX in all tissues of purple mussels (except in the middle mantle) was higher than that of white mussels. Strong hybridization signals for HcCPOX were observed in the dorsal epithelial cells of the outer fold of the mantle. The activity of CPOX in the gill, fringe mantle, and foot of purple mussels was significantly higher than that in white mussels. Moreover, the expression of HcCPOX and CPOX activity were decreased in RNA interference experiments. The findings indicate that HcCPOX might contributes to nacre color formation in H. cumingii by being involved in porphyrin synthesis.
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Spille, Dorothee C., Eva C. Bunk, Christian Thomas, Zeynep Özdemir, Andrea Wagner, Burak H. Akkurt, Manoj Mannil, et al. "Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) Fluorescence during Meningioma Surgery: Correlations with Histological Findings and Expression of Heme Pathway Molecules." Cancers 15, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010304.

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Background: The usefulness of 5-ALA-mediated fluorescence-guided resection (FGR) in meningiomas is controversial, and information on the molecular background of fluorescence is sparse. Methods: Specimens obtained during 44 FGRs of intracranial meningiomas were analyzed for the presence of tumor tissue and fluorescence. Protein/mRNA expression of key transmembrane transporters/enzymes involved in PpIX metabolism (ABCB6, ABCG2, FECH, CPOX) were investigated using immunohistochemistry/qPCR. Results: Intraoperative fluorescence was observed in 70 of 111 specimens (63%). No correlation was found between fluorescence and the WHO grade (p = 0.403). FGR enabled the identification of neoplastic tissue (sensitivity 84%, specificity 67%, positive and negative predictive value of 86% and 63%, respectively, AUC: 0.75, p < 0.001), and was improved in subgroup analyses excluding dura specimens (86%, 88%, 96%, 63% and 0.87, respectively; p < 0.001). No correlation was found between cortical fluorescence and tumor invasion (p = 0.351). Protein expression of ABCB6, ABCG2, FECH and CPOX was found in meningioma tissue and was correlated with fluorescence (p < 0.05, each), whereas this was not confirmed for mRNA expression. Aberrant expression was observed in the CNS. Conclusion: FGR enables the intraoperative identification of meningioma tissue with limitations concerning dura invasion and due to ectopic expression in the CNS. ABCB6, ABCG2, FECH and CPOX are expressed in meningioma tissue and are related to fluorescence.
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Pianko-Oprych, Paulina, Seyed Mehdi Hosseini, and Zdzislaw Jaworski. "Model development of integrated CPOx reformer and SOFC stack system." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 18, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2016-0069.

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Abstract The main purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model, in a steady state and dynamic mode, of a Catalytic Partial Oxidation (CPOx) reformer – Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) stack integrated system in order to assess the system performance. Mass balance equations were written for each component in the system together with energy equation and implemented into the MATLAB Simulink simulation tool. Temperature, gas concentrations, pressure and current density were computed in the steady-state mode and validated against experimental data. The calculated I–V curve matched well the experimental one. In the dynamic modelling, several different conditions including step changes in fuel flow rates, stack voltage as well as temperature values were applied to estimate the system response against the load variations. Results provide valuable insight into the operating conditions that have to be achieved to ensure efficient CPOx performance for fuel processing for the SOFC stack applications.
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ROBINSON, J. A., T. J. DEVLIN, K. M. WITTENBERG, and N. E. STANGER. "THE INFLUENCE OF MOLYBDENUM AND SULFUR ON VARIOUS COPPER PARAMETERS OF AFAUNATED RAM LAMBS OF DIFFERENT SIRE BREEDS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas87-008.

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Thirty-two afaunated ram lambs, sired by Dorset, Suffolk or Line M rams, were used in a randomized complete block experiment with repeated measures to study the effect of sire breed and dietary supplemental molybdenum ((NH4)6 Mo7O24°4H2O) and sulfur (Na2SO4) on selected criteria of copper (Cu) status. Criteria used included whole blood, plasma and liver Cu concentrations and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase (CpOx) activity. The basal diet (64.2% crushed barley, 29.6% chopped alfalfa-brome hay) contained 7.7 mg Cu, 1.4 mg molybdenum (Mo) and 2.4 g sulfur (S) kg−1 dry matter (DM). Basal diet was fed to control lambs (Diet I). Mo and S were added to the premix such that diets fed to lambs assigned to Diets II, III and IV provided 1.4, 6.6 and 11.0 mg Mo kg−1 DM, and 3.8, 4.0 and 3.8 g S kg−1 DM, respectively. Dietary Cu concentrations fed to lambs in Diets II, III and IV were 7.4, 7.4 and 8.0 mg kg−1 DM, respectively. The diets were pelleted and fed free-choice with the alfalfa-brome hay for 105 d. Tap water was available to the animals at all times. Blood samples were taken by jugular venipuncture and liver samples by biopsy every 35 d. Total Cu was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry following wet ashing of the sample. Oxidase activity of a Cu-containing enzyme, CpOx, was also measured in plasma. Blood and plasma Cu were reduced (P < 0.01) in Diet III only. Liver Cu and CpOx activity were reduced (P < 0.05) in all supplemented groups. Diet IV had high blood and plasma Cu (> 15.7 μM L−1) when liver Cu (< 50 μg g−1 wet basis) and CpOx activity (< 40 ΔA min−1 L−1) were low, characteristic of conditioned Cu deficiency. The effect of S alone was inconclusive due to a 10-d contamination of Diet II with 28.3 mg Mo kg−1 DM. Diet by sire breed interaction, significant (P < 0.05) only with blood and plasma Cu data, suggests a genetic influence on Cu metabolism. Key words: Sheep, lambs, copper, sulfur, molybdenum, afaunation
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Motos Garcia, J. A., N. Garcia Lax, M. L. Martinez Navarro, A. M. Garcia Medina, A. Sanz Monllor, M. Palao Rico, I. Sanchez Ortuño, et al. "New mutation in the CPOX gene associated with hereditary coproporphyria." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 357 (October 2015): e448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2015.09.098.

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Adhikari, Puran, and Mohamed Abdelrahman. "Gain Scheduled Decoupled Control of CPOX Reformer for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." ECS Transactions 30, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3562488.

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Mischkulnig, M., T. Roetzer-Pejrimovsky, D. Lötsch-Gojo, N. Kastner, K. Bruckner, R. Prihoda, A. Lang, et al. "P07.04.B Heme biosynthesis factors and 5-ALA induced fluorescence: analysis of mRNA and protein expression in fluorescing and non-fluorescing gliomas." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_2 (September 1, 2022): ii40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac174.136.

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Abstract Background The intraoperative visualization of adult-type diffuse gliomas with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) induced fluorescence is widely used in the neurosurgical field. While visible 5-ALA induced fluorescence is found in the majority of high-grade gliomas, most low-grade gliomas lack visible fluorescence during surgery. Recently, the heme biosynthesis pathway was identified as crucial influencing factor for presence of visible fluorescence since it metabolizes 5-ALA to fluorescing Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). However, the exact alterations within the heme biosynthesis pathway resulting in visible 5-ALA induced fluorescence in gliomas are still unclear. The aim of the present study was thus to compare the mRNA and protein expression of promising intramitochondrial heme biosynthesis enzymes/transporters in glioma tissue samples of different fluorescence behavior. Material and Methods A total of 19 strongly fluorescing and 21 non-fluorescing tissue samples from neurosurgical adult-type diffuse gliomas (WHO grades II-IV) were included in the current analysis. In these samples, we investigated the mRNA expression by quantitative real time PCR and protein expression using immunohistochemistry of the intramitochondrial heme biosynthesis enzymes Coproporphyrinogen Oxidase (CPOX), Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (PPOX), Ferrochelatase (FECH) and the transporter ATP-binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 2 (ABCG2). Results Regarding mRNA expression analysis, we found a significantly decreased ABCG2 expression in fluorescing specimens compared to non-fluorescing samples (p=0.001), whereas no difference in CPOX, PPOX and FECH was present. With respect to protein expression, significantly higher levels of CPOX (p=0.005), PPOX (p&lt;0.01) and FECH (p=0.003) were detected in fluorescing samples. Similar to mRNA expression analysis, the protein expression of ABCG2 (p=0.001) was significantly lower in fluorescing samples. Conclusion Distinct alterations of the analyzed heme biosynthesis factors were found primarily on protein level. Our data indicate that heme biosynthesis pathway activity in general is enhanced in fluorescing gliomas with upregulation of PpIX generating enzymes and decreased ABCG2 mediated PpIX efflux outweighing the also increased further metabolization of PpIX to heme. Intramitochondrial heme biosynthesis factors thus constitute promising pharmacological targets to optimize intraoperative 5-ALA fluorescence visualization of usually non-fluorescing tumors such as low-grade gliomas.
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Alikina, Inga N., Oleg V. Dolgikh, and Olga A. Kazakova. "Peculiarities of the Expression of immune mediators under aerogenic exposure of aluminum." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 11 (December 22, 2020): 1203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-11-1203-1210.

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Introduction. Chemical admixtures, including those containing aluminum contaminate the R.F. territory environment. There is a well-proven dependence between hygienic factors and population health. Both facts call for developing scientifically substantiated sanitary recommendations for diagnostics and prevention that should involve applying up-to-date critical technologies, including research on proteins acting as immune modulators. Material and methods. We performed a diagnostic examination and comparatively analyzed the health of children living on territory under the ambient air exposure to aluminum compounds in 78 children who had lived there for not less than four years. The reference group consisted of 20 children who lived in a recreation zone. Immune indices in the examined children were assessed using flow cytometry (Bcl-2, TNFRI), enzyme immunoassay (carcinoembryonic antigen CEA), and allergosorbent (IgG-specific to the aluminum) methods. Genetic indices (TLR4, CPOX, ANKK1) were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We also identified aluminum in ambient air and biological media with mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. Results. We took ambient air exposure to aluminum in 2 reference concentrations. The average aluminum contents in children’s blood were established to be authentically (p < 0.05) higher than reference levels (by 5.5 times) and the same indices in children from the reference group (by 4.5 times). Average aluminum contents in the blood of children from the test group amounted to 0.037 µg/cm3. It was authentically different from the same index in the reference group (0.02 µg/cm3). Simultaneously we revealed that exposed children had polymorph genotypes of proteomic profile genes in blood plasma, namely TLR4 rs1927911, CPOX (rs1131857), ANKK1 rs1800497. Adverse effects of the exposure to aluminum became apparent due to disorders of neural immune regulation as hyperproduction of IgG specific to aluminum and anti-apoptotic transcription protein Bcl-2. It was confirmed by authentic relations between exposure markers and effects that are absent in the reference group as well as by apparent health disorders such as asthenovegetative syndrome. Conclusion. The expression of immune mediators (protein that take part in apoptosis, such as TNFR or anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2) and related sections in candidate genes (CPOX rs1131857, ANKK1 rs1800497) with polymorphic changes in them can be recommended as indices for determining and preventing the risk of harm to health in conditions of excessive aerogenic contamination with aluminum compounds.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CPOX"

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Di, Filippi Arturo. "Development and experimental validation of CPOx reforming dynamic model for fault detection and isolation in SOFC systems." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1932.

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2013 - 2014
In the present work an investigation of the reforming technologies available for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) systems and their basic concepts has been carried out, with the aim to describe, test and simulate the reforming process for fault diagnosis application. The final aim of a fault diagnosis activity for SOFC systems is to reach the required criteria for a commercial application, which, besides long lifetime and performance, include high reliability and safety at reasonable costs. The achievement of these targets is necessary to contribute promoting the SOFC technology and finally starting a mass production phase. In this thesis, the attention has been focused on the reforming reactor, responsible for the conversion of the inlet fuel in hydrogen, suitable source fuel for the SOFC. In particular, the Catalytic Partial Oxidation (CPOx) process has been analyzed. The CPOx reforming mechanism is the most attractive technology for the production of syngas or hydrogen in small-medium scale SOFC applications and Micro Combined Heat and Power (μCHP) systems. This is due to the ability of the CPOx reaction to be carried out in compact reactors with rapid dynamic response and with low heat capacity. The reaction is slightly exothermic and therefore does not require external heat to take place. In addition, CPOx technology does not require steam, as the media required for the reforming reaction is air, which is easily available for residential application. This mainly means that CPOx is independent from an external water source and any heating source. The hydrocarbon is both oxidized to CO2 and H2O, either partially or completely, and also converted to synthesis gas by endothermic steam reforming (according to the indirect CPOx mechanism). Despite these advantages, catalytic partial oxidation is less efficient than steam reforming. This indicates that it is most suitable for applications in which the system simplicity has the priority with respect to the hydrogen yield. The high surface temperatures can cause a local loss of activity of the catalyst, leading to the instable performance of the entire reactor. Nevertheless, in the CPOx process even a small difference in the operating air and fuel flow rates could lead to carbon deposition or oxidation of the catalyst, with serious consequences for the SOFC system and for the stack itself. It is therefore extremely important to develop a diagnosis tool able to investigate these phenomena and to detect and isolate the faults that may verify inside the reactor. The most common fault events likely to occur inside a CPOx reformer for SOFC applications have been analyzed through a Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and a Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). These analyses are aimed at identifying the main events responsible for the catalyst deactivation, together with their causes and effects on the SOFC system performance. The Catalytic Partial Oxidation mechanism has then been explored from both modelling and experimental points of view, with the aim to simulate the reforming process and identifying the thermodynamic optimal operating conditions at which natural gas may be converted to hydrogen. At the same time, the main fault scenarios likely to occur during the reforming phase have been analyzed, both in experiments and during simulations, to evaluate the capability of the developed model in performing effective fault detection and isolation for on-board diagnostic application. The CPOx dynamic model developed is based on the minimization of Gibbs free energy and can be easily reconfigured for describing a steam reforming mechanism. The simulation results give useful indication on how operating parameters such as the input conditions of reactants (inlet compositions and temperature) affect the reaction equilibrium and, in turn, the products composition and reactor outlet temperature. A sensitivity analysis for different operating conditions has been carried out. The transient behavior of the reforming reaction and the information about methane conversion and hydrogen selectivity complete the set of model results. The dynamic CPOx model has been validated through experimental data and its behavior during transients has been carefully analyzed during the variations in the set-points of operating phases. Both test data and reactor design were part of the activities performed within the EFESO project, funded by the Italian Ministry of Economic Development and led by Ariston Thermo Spa. The model results demonstrate that the CPOx dynamic model represents a useful tool for fault diagnosis application and its results provide an interesting benchmark for the design and working parameters of a CPOx reforming system for SOFC application. [edited by author]
XIII n.s.
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Metten, Matthias [Verfasser], Herbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Pfeifer, and Sven [Akademischer Betreuer] Kureti. "Analysis of carbon formation characteristics of real CPOX-reformate from diesel fuel on SOFC-anodes / Matthias Metten ; Herbert Pfeifer, Sven Kureti." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213267625/34.

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DE, SIMONE GIULIO. "Analisi teorica, progettazione e sperimentazione di sistemi per la produzione di idrogeno da idrocarburi." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1093.

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Nel presente lavoro sono state approfondite le tematiche relative alla riformulazione degli idrocarburi in sistemi compatti, applicabili a bordo di autoveicoli, in particolar modo quelle inerenti la progettazione. Sono stati sviluppati numerosi modelli di calcolo al fine di approntare uno strumento di fluidodinamica computazionale in grado di simulare i fenomeni che caratterizzano le diverse fasi del processo, e guidare la progettazione di detti sistemi. I modelli predisposti, prima di essere impiegati per la progettazione, sono stati ampiamente validati sulla base dei risultati sperimentali a disposizione: per quanto al reforming del gasolio si è fatto riferimento ad un reattore sviluppato nell’ambito di un progetto finanziato dall’Unione Europea denominato “Direct”, cui hanno partecipato enti di ricerca pubblici e privati ed aziende, per quanto al reforming del metano si è fatto riferimento alla letteratura scientifica. I modelli sono stati poi impiegati con successo nella progettazione di due reattori, il primo denominato “Prometer” è in grado di operare la riformulazione di combustibili liquidi, l’altro denominato “Syngas UTV” di quelli gassosi. I due sistemi sono stati concepiti in maniera da essere in grado di gestire combustibili diversi (sistemi multifuel), la sperimentazione in laboratorio si è però focalizzata sull’utilizzo di gasolio e metano. In particolare la scelta di sperimentare il reattore “Prometer” sul gasolio è dovuta al fatto che questi presenta caratteristiche che ne rendono particolarmente difficile la riformulazione senza incappare nella formazione di particolato, cui segue l’interruzione irreversibile del funzionamento del reattore. Per questo motivo lo sviluppo di sistemi stabili ed in grado di garantire durate di funzionamento adeguate, per l’ossidazione parziale del gasolio finalizzata alla produzione di idrogeno, rappresenta ancora un obiettivo per il mondo scientifico. I risultati della sperimentazione sono stati estremamente soddisfacenti, anche per la riformulazione del gasolio, sebbene in un unico ciclo di dottorato non sia stato possibile approfondire ulteriormente la sperimentazione, per l’ingente impegno di tempo che lo sviluppo dei sistemi ha richiesto. La prosecuzione delle attività di ricerca intraprese ha eccellenti possibilità di concludere favorevolmente verso la possibilità di giungere allo sviluppo di sistemi stabili ed in grado di operare senza produzione di particolato, che non è stata riscontrata nelle prime prove effettuate sul reattore. Per scongiurare tale evenienza si ritiene, sia sulla base delle evidenze sperimentali che dalle simulazioni effettuate, che le fasi di vaporizzazione e miscelazione abbiano un ruolo fondamentale.
Scope of this work is to examine design issues concerning the reforming of the hydrocarbons in compact systems, which can be used for hydrogen generation onboard vehicles. Several models have been developed in order to build a comprehensive fluid dynamics tool to simulate physical and chemical phenomena that affect reforming process. Models have been extensively validated on results from scientific literature and "Direct" project, a research program funded by the European Union which concern Diesel fuel reforming. The models were then used successfully in the design of two reactors, the first called "Prometer", the other "Syngas UTV", which are capable of operating Catalytic Partial Oxidation (CPOx) of liquid fuels and gaseous fuels respectively. The two multifuel systems have been tested with Diesel fuel and methane. In particular, the choice of run "Prometer" reactor with Diesel fuel is due to the fact that gasoil CPOx is particularly difficult due to soot formation, which often involves fast and irreversible shutdown of the reactor. For this reason, the development of stable and long-life CPOx reactors for Diesel fuel is still an objective for scientific community. The experimental result were successful, even for Diesel reforming, since no soot formation was observed during experiments. To this goal, fuel vaporization and mixing were found to have a key role.
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Junior, Roberto Faris. "Descrição do perfil dentário e avaliação de fatores associados a cáries, obturações e perda dentária dos policiais militares da região bragantina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-23022010-162725/.

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Apesar da cárie e suas consequências afligirem aproximadamente 90% da população mundial, alguns grupos populacionais continuam pouco estudados. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar estas doenças em uma população de policiais militares da Região Bragantina do Estado de São Paulo - Brasil. Esta população foi dividida em duas faixas etárias: uma que compreende dos 22 aos 34anos de idade, e outra dos 35 aos 51 anos a fim de comparar as duas gerações. A pesquisa foi realizada nas dependências da Unidade Integrada de Saúde (UIS) do 34º Batalhão de Polícia Militar do Interior (34º BPM/I), onde coletou-se alguns dados das fichas de odonto-legal dos policiais atendidos nesta unidade e que consentiram em participar do estudo. A pesquisa consistiu em fazer um levantamento epidemiológico da saúde bucal destes policiais através dos índices CPOD e CPOS e estudarmos alguns fatores de risco como hábitos de higiene oral, grau de instrução e consumo de alimentos cariogênicos, que possam estar ligados a estas doenças. A população estudada teve um grau de CPOD menor que o atual panorama brasileiro. A média de dentes ausentes nesta população é cerca de cinco vezes menor que a verificada no último levantamento epidemiológico (SB Brasil 2003) e a média de dentes hígidos se apresenta ligeiramente maior se comparada à faixa etária dos 35 a 44 anos no restante do país.
Although caries and their consequences afflict approximately 90% of world population, some populations remain poorly studied. This research aimed to study these diseases in a population of military police from Região Bragantina of São Paulo - Brazil. This population was divided into two age groups: one comprising of 22 to 34 years old, and another 35 to 51 years in order to compare the two generations. The survey was conducted on the premises of the Integrated Health Service (UIS) of the 34th Military Police Battalion of the Interior (34º BPM/I), where it was collected some data sheets of odonto-legal officers of this unit serviced and who consented participate in the study. The research consisted in making an epidemiological survey of oral health of these officers through the DMF indexes and to assess some risk factors such as oral hygiene habits, educational level and consumption of cariogenic foods, which may be linked to these diseases. The study population had a degree of DMFT smaller than the current Brazilian context. The average number of missing teeth in this population is about five times lower than that seen in the last epidemiological survey (SB Brazil - 2003) and the mean sound teeth appears slightly larger compared to the age of 35 to 44 years in the rest of the country.
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Holm, Sophie, and Lena Lidén. "Smärtskattning med CPOT inom neurokirurgisk intensivvård." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-662.

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Bakgrund: Sederade eller medvetslösa patienter kan inte verbalt kommunicera sin smärta. Smärta är svårt för sjukvårdspersonalen att bedöma om beteendebaserade smärtskattningsinstrument inte är implementerade. Forskning har visat att neurokirurgiska intensivvårdspatienter upplevt moderat till svår smärta under vårdtiden på intensivvårdsavdelningen och denna smärta har underbehandlats. Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) är ett smärtskattningsinstrument som nyligen validerats i Sverige för att kunna användas inom intensivvården på icke kommunikativa vuxna patienter, dock har neurokirurgiska intensivvårdspatienter exkluderats vid valideringen. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka intensivvårdssjuksköterskans uppfattning om CPOTs användbarhet inom neurokirurgisk intensivvård. Metod: Mixed-method enkätstudie. En implementering av ett beteendebaserat smärtskattningsinstrument. Resultat: Elva sjuksköterskor inom neurokirurgisk intensivvård deltog. Tio av elva sjuksköterskor ansåg det värt att implementera CPOT. Ingen av sjuksköterskorna använde något annat smärtskattningsinstrument än Visuell Analog Skala (VAS) vid studietillfället. I skattning på en skala från 0-10, om huruvida CPOT hjälpt sjuksköterskorna i deras bedömning och behandling av smärta, blev medianvärdet 5. Från de öppna frågorna identifierades sex kategorier: positivt, enkelt, bättre än VAS, utvärderingsmöjlighet, svårbedömt och okänsligt. Patienter i vila fick 0 – 5 CPOT poäng, med en median på 1. Vid nociceptiv procedur erhöll patienterna 0 – 7 poäng, med en median på 3. Maxpoängen i CPOT är 8. Slutsats: Intensivvårdssjuksköterskorna hade en positiv uppfattning av att använda CPOT inom neurokirurgisk intensivvård och de ansåg att CPOT är värt att implementera. CPOT gav högre poäng under nociceptiva procedurer än i vila. Klinisk betydelse: Studien kan leda till att CPOT implementeras.
Background: Sedated and unconscious patients cannot verbally communicate their pain. Pain assessment is difficult for health care professionals when behavioural pain assessment tools are not implemented. Science has shown that neurosurgical intensive care patients experienced moderate to severe pain during their stay in the intensive care unit and that this pain has been undertreated. Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) is a pain assessment tool recently validated in Sweden for use in the intensive care unit on uncommunicative adult patients, however, neurosurgical patients were excluded in the validation. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the critical care nurses perception of CPOT’s usefulness in neurosurgical intensive care. Method: Mixed-method questionnaire study. An implementation of a behavioral pain assessment tool. Result: Eleven nurses in a neurosurgical intensive care unit participated. Ten of the eleven nurses considered CPOT worth implementing. None of the nurses used any other pain assessment tool than Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) at the time of the study. Rating on a scale from 0-10, whether CPOT helped the nurses in their assessment and treatment of pain, the median score was 5. From the opened-ended question, six categories were identified: positive, simple, better than VAS, evaluation opportunity, difficult to assess and insensitive. Patients at rest scored 0-5 in CPOT, with a median of 1. In nociceptive procedures, the patients scored 0-7, with a median of 3. The maximum score in CPOT is 8. Conclusion: The critical care nurses had a positive attitude towards using CPOT in neurosurgical intensive care and they considered CPOT worth implementing. CPOT gave higher scores in nociceptive procedures than at rest. Clinical relevance: The study may result in the implementation of CPOT.
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Thomas, Sobotka, and Wolfgang Lutz. "Misleading policy messages derived from the period TFR: Should we stop using it?" Federal Institute for Population Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4232/10.CPoS-2010-15de.

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Discussions about fertility in developed countries refer almost exclusively to the period Total Fertility Rate (TFR). We argue that the use of this indicator frequently leads to incorrect interpretation of period fertility levels and trends, resulting in distorted policy conclusions and, potentially, in misguided policies. We illustrate this with four policy-relevant examples, drawn from contemporary Europe. These illustrations show that the TFR (a) inflates the presumed gap between fertility intentions and realised fertility, (b) erroneously suggests a significant fertility increase in many countries of Europe after the year 2000, (c) often exaggerates the level of immigrants fertility and (d) frequently suggests that family-related policies which led to shorter birth spacing in fact brought an upward swing in fertility level. There seems to be no policy-relevant question for which the period TFR would be the indicator of choice to be preferred over other existing measures.
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Ahuja, Irene. "Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) using Systems Engineering." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2013. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/342.

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As engineering in the 21st century becomes increasingly politically, socially and technically complex, systems engineering has become an effective tool in managing multidimensional problems involving people and the services they use. This project addresses how systems engineering principles are invoked throughout the development of the Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) process, a subset of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and presents factors necessary for the successful implementation of CPOE. Through the review of current literature and interviews with CPOE vendor implementers, this paper explains how systems engineering, which has historically been used in the development of systems, products, manufacturing and missions, is evolving into service-oriented industries such as healthcare to manage complex development of EMR systems. The goal of this paper is to show that CPOE implementation is a necessary change for healthcare providers, even though the task may seem daunting. This paper demonstrates that by studying the systems engineering strategies that have worked for CPOE implementation at other organizations, future organizations can also find success.
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Andrae, Fredrik, and Li Haglund. "Införandet av smärtskattningsverktyget CPOT- hur påverkas intensivvårdspatienters smärt- och sederingsbehandling?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326272.

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Bakgrund: Smärta hos intensivvårdspatienter är vanligt förekommande och kan medföra förlängd vårdtid och leda till flera negativa konsekvenser för patienten samt bidra till ökad mortalitet. Smärtskattning med ett validerat smärtskattningsinstrument som Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) kan underlätta smärtskattningen och förbättra smärtbehandlingen samt minska översedering. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva om införandet av smärtskattningsverktyget CPOT, anpassat för patienter i ventilatorbehandling, påverkar dygnsdoserna av smärtlindrande- och sederande läkemedel samt om sederingsbehandlingen förändras. Syftet är även att undersöka hur ofta sjuksköterskorna smärtskattar patienterna med CPOT och om antalet smärtskattningar överensstämmer med gällande rekommendationer. Metod: Kvantitativ journalgranskningsstudie med retrospektiv design. Vuxna patienter som ventilatorbehandlades under minst ett dygn på en intensivvårdsavdelning i Sverige inkluderades (n=55). Resultat: Totalt 55 patienter inkluderades i två grupper, före och efter införandet av CPOT. Doserna av smärtlindrande läkemedel ökade i gruppen som undersöktes efter att CPOT infördes. Patienterna erhöll i genomsnitt 1,4 mg morfin/kg/dygn jämfört med 1,1 mg morfin/kg/dygn innan införandet. Dosen av det sederande läkemedlet Propofol® minskade efter införandet av CPOT från 48,3 mg/kg/dygn till 47,5 mg/kg/dygn. Alla patienter i studiegruppen förutom två (92 %) smärtskattades vid minst ett tillfälle under mätdygnet efter införandet av CPOT. Slutsats: Doserna av smärtlindrande läkemedel var högre och doserna av det sederande läkemedlet Propofol® var lägre efter införandet av CPOT. Skillnaderna var dock inte statistiskt signifikanta. Patienterna i studiegruppen hade en något ytligare sederingsnivå enligt RASS-skalan. Patienterna smärtskattades med CPOT i genomsnitt 1,6 gånger under mätdygnet. Studien kan bidra till en ökad medvetenhet om vikten av att skatta smärta med ett validerat bedömningsinstrument hos intensivvårdspatienter.
Background: Critically ill intensive care patients frequently experience pain and pain may lead to consequences such as prolonged length of hospital stay and increased mortality. The Critical-care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) is a validated tool for pain assessment in mechanical ventilated patients and is used to enable pain assessment, improve pain management and reduce over-sedation.  Aim: The aim is to examine if the implementation of CPOT affects the doses of analgetics, sedatives administered to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients and/or the sedation levels using RASS-scores. The aim was also to study how often pain-assessments were performed by nurses. Method: A quantitative study with retrospective design, data was collected from patients’ medical records. Included were adult patients treated under mechanical ventilation >24h at an intensive care unit in Sweden (n=55). Results: For this study 55 patients were included and divided into two groups, before and after the introduction of CPOT at the intensive care unit. The amount of analgetics increased among the patients after CPOT was implemented, they were given 1,4 mg of morphine/kg/24h compared to 1,1 mg of morphine/kg/24h before the implementation. The amount of sedatives, Propofol®, given to the patients decreased from 48,3 mg/kg/24h to 47,5 mg/kg/24h after CPOT was implemented. CPOT was used to assess pain levels in all patients except for two (98%) after the implementation of CPOT. Conclusion: The doses of analgetics were higher and the doses of sedatives (Propofol®) were lower after the implementation of CPOT. However, the differences between groups were not statistically significant. Patients were less sedated, according to RASS-scores, after the implementation of CPOT. Nurses used CPOT on an average 1, 6 times/ 24 h. This study can be used to increase the awareness for the need of using a validated tool for assessing pain in ICU-patients.
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Subramaniam, Sivaraman. "Role of the Cpx pathway in Salmonella pathogenesis." Berlin mbv, 2009. http://d-nb.info/998073199/04.

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Braga, José Miguel Coutinho de Oliveira. "Avaliação do risco de cárie dentária na população pediátrica da clínica pedagógica da Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde da UFP." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5062.

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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária
A cárie precoce da infância é uma doença infecciosa, transmissível e multifactorial e é também a doença mais prevalente na cavidade oral das crianças. Além dos factores etiológicos, há um conjunto de variáveis como as condições sócio-económicas, a educação e a influência parental que podem influenciar a saúde oral das crianças. Assim, conhecer os principais factores de risco torna-se essencial para prevenir/controlar a progressão da cárie dentária. O presente estudo teve como principal objectivo a avaliação do risco e da experiência (cpod e CPOD) de cárie em pacientes pediátricos da Clínica Pedagógica da Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa. No total foram avaliadas 48 crianças (dos 4 aos 16 anos). Além da determinação dos valores de cpod e CPOD, as crianças foram avaliadas de acordo com um índice socio-económico (classificação de Graffar) e de acordo com a Circular Normativa nº 9/DSE de 19/7/2006 da DGS (como indicador de avaliação de risco de cárie dentária). No final foi determinada a associação/relação entre os factores de risco estudados e a classificação do risco/experiência de cárie nas crianças. Concluiu-se que valores médios de cpod e CPOD registados foram superiores aos valores médios nacionais dos estudos realizados pela DGS e que o nível sócio-económico das famílias das crianças observadas era maioritariamente de classe média-baixa e baixa. Foi observada uma associação significativa entre o risco/prevalência de cárie e a classificação sócio-económica, verificando-se que crianças de famílias com menores rendimentos apresentavam maior risco e experiência de cárie. Os hábitos alimentares (nomeadamente a ingestão de alimentos cariogénicos), a higiene oral e a prevenção/motivação para a saúde oral (da mãe, e por inerência da criança) também se reflectiram ao nível do risco/experiência de cárie das criança observadas. Este estudo indicou que a Classificação Social Internacional de Graffar e o Questionário do Programa Nacional de Saúde Oral relativamente ao risco reflectem os principais factores associados à cárie dentária e permitem caracterizar de uma forma eficiente o risco de cárie nas crianças. De futuro deverá alargar-se este tipo de estudos a uma amostra mais alargada de crianças e provenientes de várias áreas do País. Early childhood caries is an infectious, transmissible and multifactor disease and it is also the most prevalent oral disease in children. Along with aetiological factors there is a set of variables including socio-economic conditions, education and parental influence that can affect children’s oral health. Thus, the knowledge on most important risk factors is essential to prevent/control the progression of dental caries. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate dental caries risk and experience (“cpod” and “CPOD” indexes) in children at the “Clínica Pedagógica da Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa”. In total, 48 children (aged 4-16 years) were observed. Along with the determination of “cpod” and “CPOD” values, children were classified according to the socio-economic classification of Graffar and according to the “Circular Normativa nº 9/DSE de 19/7/2006” of DGS (as an indicator for dental caries risk). Finally, the association/relation between risk factors and the classification/ experience of risk in children were assessed. Results showed that mean cpod and CPOD values were above the Portuguese national average as determined in studies by the DGS and that the majority of children observed belonged to medium-low or low income families. A significant association between dental caries risk/ experience and the socio-economic classification was observed. In particular, children from lower income families presented higher risk/experience of caries. Dietary habits (namely ingestion of cariogenic food), oral hygiene as well as motivation for oral health (by the mother and inherently by the child) were also associated with childhood caries risk/ experience. This study suggested that the International Social Classification of Graffar as well as the “Questionário do Programa Nacional de Saúde Oral” relative to caries risk reflect the main factors associated with caries in children and are able to effectively characterize dental caries risk. In the future, such type of studies should include a larger number of children and should be performed at different geographical areas in Portugal.
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Books on the topic "CPOX"

1

Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. The CPO. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4.

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Estelle, Dumas, ed. Comptabilite CPO. Ottawa, Ont: Centre franco-ontarien de ressources pédagogiques, 1990.

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Denis, Lanthier, ed. Droit CPO. Ottawa, Ont: Centre franco-ontarien de ressources pédagogiques, 1989.

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Charette, Réal. Physique CPO. Projet coopératif de développement (Sciences) de l'est de l'Ontario: Centre franco-ontarien de ressources pédagogiques, 1988.

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A, Cosgrove Colleen, and Sadd Susan, eds. Community policing: The CPOP in New York. Newbury Park: Sage Publications, 1993.

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Strategis, Indonesia Direktorat Bahan Pokok dan Barang. Profil komoditi kelapa sawit (CPO). [Jakarta]: Kementerian Perdagangan, Republik Indonesia, Direktorat Bahan Pokok dan Barang Strategis, Direktorat Jenderal Perdagangan Dalam Negeri, 2011.

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CPO life science. Investigations manual. [S.l.]: CPO Science, 2007.

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1963-, Carver Kevin G., ed. Visual programming with prograph CPX. Greenwich: Manning, 1995.

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CPO earth science. Investigations manual. [Place of publication not identified]: CPO Science, 2007.

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Eddleman, Scott. CPO life science. Student ed. [S.l.]: CPO Science, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "CPOX"

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Smith, Philip A. "CPOE Change Readiness Assessment." In Making Computerized Provider Order Entry Work, 91–109. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4243-0_6.

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Horsky, Jan. "Errors Related to CPOE." In Safety of Health IT, 27–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31123-4_3.

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Melton, Austin. "Topological spaces for cpos." In Categorical Methods in Computer Science With Aspects from Topology, 302–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-51722-7_19.

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Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. "Prologue." In The CPO, 1–2. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4_1.

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Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. "In Ross’s Office." In The CPO, 48–51. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4_10.

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Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. "Unhappiness Everywhere." In The CPO, 52–58. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4_11.

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Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. "Humiliated." In The CPO, 60–64. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4_12.

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Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. "Enter John McGrath." In The CPO, 66–69. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4_13.

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Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. "Capture the Hearts and Minds of the People." In The CPO, 70–74. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4_14.

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Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. "Too Simplistic." In The CPO, 76–80. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "CPOX"

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Tsourapas, Vasilis, Jing Sun, and Anna Stefanopoulou. "Performance Evaluation of a Thermally Integrated Fuel Cell System in the Presence of Uncertainties." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97164.

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In this work, we focus on robustness analysis of an integrated fuel cell and fuel reforming (FCFR) system, which relies on a feedback controller to mitigate hydrogen starvation and temperature overshoot during load transitions. The fuel reformer is used to process natural gas into a hydrogen rich flow to be utilized in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC). The feedback controller uses the catalytic burner (CB) and the catalytic partial oxidizer (CPOX) temperatures as measurements and adjusts the air and fuel actuator commands to assure fast load following and high steady state efficiency. Several uncertainty sources which can potentially lead to closed loop performance deterioration are considered, including CPOX clogging, hydro-desulphurizer (HDS) clogging, fuel uncertainty and CB parameter uncertainty. Steady state and transient performance are analyzed for the different uncertainty scenarios, for both open and closed loop operation (i.e., with and without feedback control). The robustness of load following and CPOX temperature regulation of the closed loop system (feedforward and feedback controlled) is established, while the open loop system (feedforward controlled) is shown to be vulnerable to all sources of uncertainties considered.
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Berry, David A., Dushyant Shekhawat, Todd H. Gardner, Maria Salazar, Daniel J. Haynes, and James J. Spivey. "Support Effects for Pt and Rh-Based Catalysts for Partial Oxidation of n-Tetradecane." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97265.

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Catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) of liquid fuels is an attractive option for producing a hydrogen-rich gas stream for fuel cell applications. However, the high sulfur content along with aromatic compounds present in liquid fuels may deactivate reforming catalysts. Deactivation of these catalysts by carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning is a key technical challenge. The relationship between catalyst supports and deactivation have been studied here for three catalysts (Rh/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, Pt/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, and Pt/Al2O3) in a fixed bed catalytic reactor using a mixture of n-tetradecane, 1-methylnaphthalene, and dibenzothiophene to simulate logistic fuels. Carbon production during CPOX reforming was directly related to olefin formation. Olefins, which are known coke precursors, were observed on the Pt catalysts during CPOX of n-tetradecane with no sulfur (particularly from Pt/Al2O3), but not on Rh/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2. For the Rh/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, yields of H2 and CO dropped to a stationary level after the introduction of sulfur-containing feed (1000 ppm sulfur) or aromatic-containing feed (5 wt%), however, the catalyst activity was restored after removing the sulfur or aromatics from the feed. For the Pt catalysts, H2 and CO yields dropped continuously over time in the presence of sulfur or aromatics in feed. The superior performance of Rh/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 can be attributed to the higher oxygen-ion conductivity of the Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 support as well as the activity of the Rh sites.
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Maxey, Christopher J., Gregory S. Jackson, Seyed-Abdolreza Seyed Reihani, Steven C. Decaluwe, Siddharth Patel, Anand Veeraragavan, and Christopher P. Cadou. "Integration of Catalytic Combustion and Heat Recovery With Meso-Scale Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67040.

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To facilitate high-power density operation of a meso-scale solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system, fuel processing and anode exhaust catalytic combustor with waste heat recovery are critical components. An integrated modeling study of a catalytic combustor with a solid oxide fuel cell and a catalytic partial oxidation (CPOx) reactor indicates critical aspects of the butane-fueled system design in order to ensure stable operation of the SOFC as well as the combustor and CPOx reactor. The modeled system consists of: 1) a Rh-coated ceramic foam catalytic partial oxidation reactor, 2) a SOFC with a Ni/YSZ structural anode, a dense YSZ electrolyte, and a LSM/YSZ cathode layer, and 3) a Pt-coated anode exhaust combustor with waste heat recovery. Model results for a system designed to produce &lt; 30 W electric power from n-butane show how the design of the inlet-air cooled catalytic combustor can maximize combustion efficiency of the anode exhaust and heat recovery to the system inlet air flow. The model also shows the need to minimize heat loss in the air flow passages in order to maintain stable SOFC operation at 700 °C or higher. There is a strong sensitivity of the system operation to the SOFC operating voltage as well as the overall air to fuel ratio, and these sensitivities place important bounds on the range of operating conditions.
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Xi, Handa, and Jing Sun. "Analysis and Feedback Control of Planar SOFC Systems for Fast Load Following in APU Applications." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14771.

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) based Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) systems have many practical advantages given their high efficiency, low emissions and flexible fueling strategies. This paper focuses on model-based analysis and feedback control design for planar SOFC systems to achieve fast load following capability. A dynamic model is first developed for the integrated co-flow planar SOFC and CPOX (Catalytic Partial Oxidation) system aiming at APU applications. Simulation results illustrate that an open-loop system with optimal steady-state operating setpoints exhibits a slow transient power response when load increases. Feedback control is then explored to speed up the system response by controlling the flow rates of fuel and air supplies to the system. Model linearization, balanced truncation and Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) approaches are used to derive the low-order observer-based controller. With the feedback controller developed, we show, through simulations, that the closed-loop system can have faster load following capability. Different feedback strategies are also considered and their impacts on closed-loop system performance are analyzed.
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Waller, Michael G., Mark R. Walluk, and Thomas A. Trabold. "Towards the Development of a Fuel Cell System for Residential Applications: Propane Reforming via Catalytic Partial Oxidation." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2014-6431.

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The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has estimated that 5% of air pollutants originate from small internal combustion engines (ICE) used in non-automotive applications. While there have been significant advances towards developing more sustainable systems to replace large ICEs, few designs have been implemented with the capability to replace small ICEs such as those used in the residential sector for lawn and garden equipment. Replacing these small residential internal combustion engines presents a unique opportunity for early market penetration of fuel cell technologies. This paper describes the initial efforts to build an innovative residential-scale fuel cell system using propane as its fuel source, and the deployment of this technology in a commonly used device found throughout the U.S. There are three main components to this program, including the development of the propane reforming system, fuel cell operation, and the overall system integration. This paper presents the reforming results of propane catalytic partial oxidation (cPOx). The primary parameters used to evaluate the reformer in this experiment were reformate composition, carbon concentration in the effluent, and reforming efficiency as a function of catalyst temperature and O2/C ratio. When including the lower heating value (LHV) for product hydrogen and carbon monoxide, maximum efficiencies of 84% were achieved at an O2/C ratio of 0.53 and a temperature of 940°C. Significant solid carbon formation was observed at catalyst temperatures below 750°C.
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Borders, Kevin, Xin Zhao, and Atul Prakash. "CPOL." In the 12th ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1102120.1102142.

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Mastanduno, Richard, Subir Roychoudhury, and Shahrokh Etemad. "Onboard Hydrogen Generation for IC Engine Emissions Reduction." In ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5627.

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Improvement of internal combustion engine emissions and performance by the introduction of a reducing gas such as hydrogen has been the subject of research in recent years. The approach reduces engine exhaust emissions and improves fuel consumption. The gas may be introduced into the engine intake or upstream of the exhaust catalyst for different effects. To date, the technique has not been implemented due to the need for onboard storage or generation of hydrogen that complies with suitability for automotive applications. In industrial processes and stationary applications, reforming reactors are well known, highly efficient, and durable means to convert liquid fuels such as diesel into hydrogen or other reducing gas mixtures (synthesis gas). Efficiency and durability for thousands of hours is required for these applications for economic viability. For an automotive application, however, in addition to the above features, fast transient response (e.g. during start up and turndown), compactness, and low cost are also required — while maintaining sufficient durability for the application. Also, the need for liquid water common to reactions such as steam reforming or auto-thermal reforming are impractical for automotive applications. A waterless catalytic partial oxidation approach avoids this shortcoming but is not without its own set of problems. Material durability, fuel/air mixing, coke avoidance and reliable ignition means are among the challenges for a practical automotive hydrogen production solution. The catalyst for reacting the fuel must be tolerant to sulfur content common to fuels in use today, and must have resistance to fouling by carbon formation. To overcome these challenges, Precision Combustion, Inc. (PCI) has developed a diesel-fueled waterless catalytic partial oxidation reformer with efficiency and size suitable for onboard synthesis gas production at low cost. The goal of the development effort was to produce a novel mechanical design with the high efficiency of stationary reformers in a small package which could be operated with low parasitic loss from balance of plant components to maintain high engine efficiency. The reactor design (size, form factor) is discussed, along with performance data showing transient and steady state response of the prototype reactor. Catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) of heavy fuels such as diesel poses unique challenges, relating to coking and fuel conversion efficiency, which have been addressed and presented in this paper.
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Piredda, Giovanni, and Robert W. Boyd. "Why Do Coherent Population Oscillations (CPOs) Lead to Slow Light When the Laser Linewidth Exceeds the Width of the CPO Transparency Window?" In Laser Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ls.2006.ltuj3.

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Shook, Brian D., Harry R. Millwater, Michael P. Enright, Stephen J. Hudak, and William L. Francis. "Impact of Multiple On-Board Inspections on Cumulative Probability of Detection." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68585.

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The impending application of on-board sensors for detecting and sizing material defects and evaluating their consequences will lead to improved forecasting of readiness, as well as improved safety, retirement-for-cause, and management of assets. This research looks at the consequences of multiple, i.e., continual, on-board inspections on the cumulative probability of detection (CPOD) of the system; that is the probability of detecting a defect considering all previous inspections. In particular, modeling and simulation of the CPOD is examined as a function of the degree of correlation between subsequent inspections. A surface crack in a turbine disk is used as a test case with loading from a typical stress spectrum from a fighter engine. The analysis indicates that a significant difference in detectability is achieved through multiple inspections depending upon the degree of correlation between inspections, with statistically independent inspections exhibiting a “dramatically” improved CPOD over dependent inspections. In particular, if each inspection is statistically independent 1) it is the left tail of the parent POD that defines the CPOD, 2) for the same median value, a higher coefficient of variation of the parent POD generates a significantly more effective CPOD, and 3) if enough inspections are performed, the CPOD curve becomes a step function at the first non-zero value in the parent POD curve, thereby giving orders-of-magnitude improvement in detectibility over the parent POD. The critical issue of statistical independence of multiple inspections is investigated by examining the CPOD as a function of correlation between inspections. The results indicate that the effectiveness of continual inspections on the CPOD varies from a correlation coefficient of zero (independent), which gives a dramatic improvement compared to the parent POD, to a correlation coefficient of one (dependent), which reverts to the parent POD. In summary, the correlation between inspections is a critical component that determines the effectiveness of continual inspections.
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Rosli, Nurul Liyana, Ku Halim Ku Halim, and Rusmi Alias. "Crude Palm Oil Physicochemical and Quality Characterisation." In 5th International Conference on Global Sustainability and Chemical Engineering 2021 (ICGSCE2021). Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-j4n8l5.

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Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is extracted from the mesocarp of fruit obtained from the oil palm tree, which is also known as Elaeis guineensis. CPO contains Free Fatty Acid (FFA), which is one of the unnecessary constituents in CPO that is not good for food items and human consumption. Various methods for the deacidification process led to maximising the processing time, energy, and operating costs. Therefore, the aim of this research is to do a physical upgrading of the CPO, which may remove the FFA from the CPO while minimising the processing time, energy, and operating costs. However, prior to the physical upgrading of the CPO, it is important to highlight the physicochemical and quality characterisation of the CPO, which is essential and becomes a necessary procedure before the refining process. The purpose of this research is to examine the physicochemical and quality characteristics, which are fatty acid composition and FFA content, of the CPO, respectively. The American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) method was used for this research work. The results showed the percentage of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid of the CPO were 40.1 %, 2.5 %, 37.5 %, and 19.9 %, respectively. The FFA content of the CPO was 4.90 %. The findings indicated the CPO met the recommended value by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB). The physicochemical and quality characterisation of the CPO provide information as a guideline before the physical upgrading of the CPO that may produce palm oil products with good constituents for human health and the food industry.
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Reports on the topic "CPOX"

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Keel, III, and James F. Integrated Clinical Information System Collaboration Project (CPOE). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada563713.

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Keel, III, Zhang James F., and Jiajie. Integrated Clinical Information System Collaboration Project (CPOE). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada587088.

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Rennenkampf, Erik, and Rich Rhyne. Application of Commercial Parts Obsolescence Management (CPOM). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada424388.

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Berges, B. P. J., S. C. V. Geelhoed, M. Scheidat, and J. Tougaard. Quantifying harbour porpoise foraging behaviour in CPOD data: identification, automatic detection and potential application. IJmuiden: Wageningen Marine Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/475270.

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David, Fely, and Fely Chin. Factors that contribute to the varying performance of BSPOs and BHWs in the delivery of family planning services in Iloilo City. Population Council, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1994.1000.

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In 1992, the Population Council established the Family Planning Operations Research and Training (FPORT) Program in the Philippines. It brought together program managers and regional researchers to identify problem areas that might benefit from operations research. From Western Visayas (Region VI), the City Population Office (CPO) of Iloilo City in collaboration with the Social Science Research Institute of the Central Philippine University, identified a problem concerning the poor performance of volunteer family planning (FP) workers and undertook to study it. The study focused on the Barangay Service Point Officers (BSPOs) who assist in the delivery of FP services under the supervision of the CPO, and Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) who concentrate on maternal and child care but have minimal involvement in FP and are supervised by the City Health Office. As this report states, the objective was to compare the FP activities and performance of the BSPOs and BHWs in Iloilo City and determine the factors that influence their performance.
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Alex J. Dragt. Final Technical Report for the Grant DF-FG02-03ER41236 Partial Support of CPO6, The Sixth International Charged-Particle Optics Conference. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/824990.

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Castro, Jr, Hicks Felix D., Harry E. Jr., Rion J. Ervin, and Stanley M. Halpin. ACCES Assessment of Command and Control During a Division- Level CPX, Summer 1991 (ACCES Application 91-02). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada256433.

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Castro, Jr, Collingwood Felix D., Ervin Chester E., Halpin J. R., and Stanley M. ACCES Assessment of Command and Control during a Division-Level CPX, Late Spring 1991 (ACCES Application 91-01). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada256401.

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