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1
Coelho, Araci Rodrigues. "Usos do livro didático de História: entre prescrições e táticas." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CPSA-7WLMZV.
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The object of this research are the uses that the teachers of the Fundamental Teaching / Ensino Fundamental first segment say to be doing of the History didactic book most issued by the PNLD 2004: História com Reflexão / History with Reflection (Coleção Horizontes ). Such an object is inserted in the crossing of two study fields: that of History Teaching and that of the the Didactic Book. Owing to the object complexity, we have adopted the theoretical-methodological perspective that joins the qualitative researches presuppositions and procedures, in dialogue with other fields, mainly those from the Sociology of Education and from the History of Education and, specifically, that of the History of the book and that of the Reading Practices. Upon this analytical perspective, taking into account the criticism to the didactic books analysis that starting in the 1980s reveal the ideology conveyed by those books, in special those of History or Social Studies, which do not take into account the knowledge mobilized in those supports, neither the subjects and contexts involved in their teaching and learning. We have investigated specifically the uses of this book distributed by the PNLD, by 4th and 5th grade school teachers, in order to describe and analyze the informed uses of this book, seeking to know their experiences with this didactic materials and the meaning they created in their teaching practices. Once outlined the personal and professional conditions of the teachers under research, it was possible to see that usually they use the LdH HcR in a context where the limits between Geography and History are badly defined, although ten years ago, with the LDB 1996, these disciplines officially returned to the [Ensino Fundamental] Fundamental Teaching first grades curriculum, dismembered from the Social Studies discipline that have been in effect so far. This research shows that the teachers, through their speech, deceive or even go against the PNLD prescriptions, using the LdH HcR that has the authoral project format (Rojo 2006) and that seek to assume the role of the schoolastic History innovations messenger usually as archive, where they take passages, texts, images and ideas in order to teach History. Under this meaning, we conclude that the teachers say that they use, besides this LdH, the Regional LdH distributed by the PNLD 2004, other History didactic books coming from other PNLD choice processes, in addition to several publications wether directed to the school or not and, still, other materials produced within the school by themselves or their colleagues. It is also evidenced that the teachers declare to use these didactic materials starting from different combinations, which end by producing original History teaching and learning proposals and that bear as the main purpose to break the emptied perspective brought by the Social Studies. Finally, we conclude that although the schools under survey had received the History didactic book best evaluated by the PNLD 2004, this fact in itself hasnt granted that the History teaching in these schools has been renewed according to the new History didactic books proposals. Therefore, this paper refers other researchers studies concerning History teaching and seeks to contribute with new investigations, showing that besides granting good didactic materials, it is necessary to invest massive and systematically not only on the material resources but also and moreover on the continual education and working conditions in our schools and their professionals.O objeto desta pesquisa são os usos que professoras do primeiro segmento do Ensino Fundamental dizem fazer do livro didático de História mais distribuído pelo PNLD 2004: História com Reflexão (Coleção Horizontes). Tal objeto se insere no entrecruzamento de dois campos de estudo: o do Ensino de História e o do Livro didático. Frente à complexidade do objeto, adotamos a perspectiva teórico-metodológica que associa pressupostos e procedimentos das pesquisas qualitativas, dialogando com outros campos notadamente, os da Sociologia da Educação e da História da Educação e, em específico, o da História do livro e o das Práticas de Leitura. Nessa perspectiva analítica, consideramos as críticas às análises de livros didáticos que, a partir da década de 1980, denunciam a ideologia veiculada por esses livros, em especial os de História e/ou Estudos Sociais, que não considera as especificidades dos saberes mobilizados nesses suportes, nem tampouco os sujeitos e contextos envolvidos no seu ensino e aprendizagem. Investigamos, especificamente, os usos do livro em questão por professoras das 4 série/5º ano escolar com o objetivo de descrever e analisar os usos que elas dizem faze desse livro distribuído pelo PNLD, buscando conhecer suas experiências com esse e outros materiais didáticos e os significados criados por elas em suas práticas docentes. Delineadas as condições pessoais e profissionais das professoras pesquisadas, pudemos verificar que de uma forma geral, usam o LdH HcR num contexto em que os limites entre a Geografia e História estão muito pouco definidos, ainda que essas disciplinas tenham, há dez anos, com a LDB 1996, retornado oficialmente ao currículo dos primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental desmembradas da disciplina Estudos Sociais que vigorava até então. Esta pesquisa demonstrou que as professoras, por meio de suas falas, burlam ou mesmo contrariam as prescrições feitas pelo PNLD, usando o LdH HcR - que tem um formato de projeto autoral (Rojo 2006) e que busca assumir o papel de portador das renovações da História escolar - geralmente como arquivo, em que retiram trechos, textos imagens e idéias para ensinar História. Nesse sentido, concluímos que as professoras declararam usar, além desse LdH, o LdH Regional distribuído pelo PNLD 2004, outros livros didáticos de História advindos de outros processos de escolha do PNLD, além de diversos impressos de destinação escolar ou não e, ainda, outros materiais produzidos no interior da escola por elas mesmas ou por colegas. Evidenciamos ainda que as professoras declararam usar esses materiais didáticos a partir de diferentes combinações o que acabam po produzir propostas de ensino e aprendizagem em História originais e, que tem como principal objetivo romper com a perspectiva esvaziada trazida pelos Estudos Sociais. Enfim, argumentamos que, embora as escolas pesquisadas tenham recebido o livro didático de História mais bem avaliado pelo PNLD 2004, esse fato, em si, não tem garantido que o ensino de História, nessas escolas, tenha se renovado a par e passo com as propostas dos novos livros didáticos de História. Este trabalho, portanto, referenda estudos de outros pesquisadores sobre o ensino de História e busca contribuir com novas investigações, demonstrando que, para além de se garantir bons materiais didáticos, há que se investir maciça e sistematicamente, não só como aporte de recursos materiais, mas também e, principalmente, na formação continuada e nas condições de trabalho de nossas escolas e de seus profissionais.
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Frade, Cristina de Castro. "Componentes tácitos e explícitos do conhecimento matemático de áreas e medidas." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CPSA-5TMEKB.
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Esse trabalho de tese investigou o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem dos componentes principalmente explícitos e principalmente tácitos do conhecimento de áreas e medidas de alunos de uma escola pública do ensino fundamental, durante dois momentos distintos de seus percursos escolares. A investigação resultou da convergência de duas vertentes de investigação: uma de natureza teórica e outra de natureza empírica. Com relação à vertente teórica foram configurados elementos para fundamentar em bases sólidas o estudo do conhecimento matemático e da aprendizagem matemática como sendo principalmente tácitos. Tais elementos foram buscados na teoria de Polanyi sobre conhecimento tácito, na visão construtivista social de Ernest do conhecimento matemático e nas teorias de aprendizagem situada ou comunidades de prática de Lave e Wenger. No que se refere à vertente empírica, o processo de investigação constou, inicialmente, da análise de um episódio ocorrido durante um contexto de conversação coletiva em sala de aula acerca da diferença entre figuras planas e figuras espaciais. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi o de investigar como os componentes principalmente tácitos e principalmente explícitos, introduzidos por Ernest em seu modelo do conhecimento matemático e que adaptei para o conhecimento de áreas e medidas dos alunos, se manifestam em processos de aprendizagem. Isso feito, um estudo de caso foi realizado para investigar, propriamente, o desenvolvimento dos componentes. Um resultado relevante que, pareceu, emergir da análise do episódio está relacionado ao fato de que aquilo que o aluno diz literalmente quando está realizando uma tarefa não deve ser entendido, sempre, como uma expressão direta de seu pensamento. A análise sugeriu que, ao realizar uma tarefa oral, a resposta do aluno pode, aparentemente, estar equivocada sob o ponto da disciplina. Mas, isso não quer dizer, necessariamente, que o aluno não sabe a resposta, ou que não interiorizou certos conhecimentos. O suposto erro ou a suposta não-interiorização podem estar indicando que, no momento da verbalização, o tácito ainda estava sob construção e, portanto, predominava sobre o explícito. Ou ainda, uma obstrução do funcionamento tácito do pensamento do aluno podia estar ocorrendo devido a uma inaptidão da fala: o aluno podia estar num processo de elaboração do sistema simbólico que, ainda, não correspondia à sua compreensão tácita. Em relação ao estudo de caso, nele foram identificados todos os componentes do modelo de Ernest do conhecimento matemático adaptado para os alunos com maior ou menor intensidade e visibilidade. A análise sugeriu que o desenvolvimento dos componentes não ocorre em completa harmonia: alguns componentes afirmações, provas e raciocínios, linguagem e simbolismo, por exemplo predominaram sobre outros proposições e estética e valores. Mais do que isso, o desenvolvimento de alguns componentes mostrou afetar mais diretamente o desenvolvimento de certos componentes do que o de outros. Por exemplo, a análise indicou que um elemento da linguagem matemática oral, a saber, a comunicação social de um conhecimento matemático, parece se desenvolver com uma certa independência do componente métodos, procedimentos,... que expressa o saber fazer. O trabalho de tese é concluído indicando possibilidades de pesquisa futura na área de educação matemática que emergiram dos resultados dessas investigações.
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Dutra, Soraia Freitas. "A educação na fronteira entre museus e escolas: um estudo sobre as visitas escolares ao Museu Histórico Abílio Barreto." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CPSA-92VHW9.
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The aim of this work is to analyse the relationship between museum and school, that is, how these social spaces of educational experiences interact. It also intends to show how these two environments and their respective actions upon individuals can contribute to citizens cultural development. The movement from the school universe to the museum is considered as a space/time of hybrid learning that is produced through the links of references between these two universes and, therefore, imbued with cultural differences. According to our analysis, the movement from the school to the museum can be seen not only as an exchange of environments but also as a movement of cultural references. Thus, school visits to the museum can be seen as intercultural displacements that can mobilize elements of both cultural contexts.
From the beginning of the 90s up to now we have analysed the educational experiences developed in Abílio Barreto Historical Museum (BH-MG) concerning school visits to this cultural environment. We also analysed the uses and ways of building knowledge about the museum environment by the school in 2009. Our research consisted of two distinct and complementary periods: a diachronic and a synchronous analysis of the educational experiences in the museum in relation to the school environment. The process of collecting data in the museum was also divided into three periods: a documentary research (1stperiod) and an ethnographic research(2nd period). In order to take the school universe into account we carried out interviews with the teachers who visited Abílio Barreto in 2009 (3nd three). Taking into account concepts such as culture (GEERTZ; SHALINS; GREEN; GOMES), school culture (JÚLIA), years of school attendance and school experiences (FARIA FILHO; VIDAL), museum culture (MARANDINO, NASCIMENTO), experiences(DE CERTEAU), uses and knowledge building (DE CERTEAU, CHARTIER), all the analyses show the school visits to the museum as an experience that establishes a hybrid educational experience which can ultimately promote the learning of culture.Este trabalho assenta-se sobre a temática da relação museu/escola e pretende analisar como esses dois espaços sociais de vivências educativas interagem e, como, a partir de seus universos próprios de ação, podem contribuir para a formação cultural dos cidadãos. Considera-se que o movimento de deslocamento do universo escolar para o universo museal constitui-se em um espaço/tempo de aprendizagem híbrido, produzido na articulação de referências da cultura escolar e da cultura museal e, portanto, impregnados de diferenças culturais. Em nossa perspectiva de análise, o deslocamento da escola para o museu pode ser compreendido não apenas como um deslocamento espacial, que possibilita uma mudança de ambiente de aprendizagem, mas também como um deslocamento de referências culturais. Nessa medida, a visita escolar ao museu é compreendida como um deslocamento intercultural capaz de mobilizar elementos dos dois contextos culturais. Foram analisadas as práticas educativas voltadas para o público escolar desenvolvidas no Museu Histórico Abílio Barreto (BH-MG), no período que se estendeu do inicio dos anos 90 do século XX até a atualidade e os modos de usos e apropriação do museu pela escola no ano de 2009. O estudo compreendeu dois momentos de pesquisa distintos e complementares: uma análise diacrônica e outra sincrônica das práticas educativas do museu na relação com a escola. O processo de coleta de informações no museu organizou-se em três fases: uma pesquisa documental (fase 1) e uma pesquisa etnográfica (fase 2). Para acessar o universo das escolas, realizaram-se entrevistas com professores que visitaram o museu naquele ano de 2009 (fase 3). Mobilizando conceitos como cultura (GEERTZ; SHALINS; GREEN; GOMES), cultura escolar (JULIA), escolarização e práticas escolares (FARIA FILHO; VIDAL;); cultura museal (MARANDINO; NASCIMENTO), práticas (DE CERTEAU); usos e apropriações (DE CERTEAU, CHARTIER), as análises apontaram a visita escolar ao museu como uma experiência que institui uma prática educativa híbrida capaz de potencializar/favorecer os processos de aprendizagem da cultura.
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Braga, Selma Ambrozina de Moura. "O texto de biologia do livro didático de ciências." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CPSA-5WVTMF.
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This study reports the analysis of verbal text on biology topics in science textbooks for 5th through 8th grade. I examined two series of textbooks, which were recommended by the Textbook National Program of the Brazilian Education Ministry - PNLD/MEC. In Brazil, verbal texts have received little attention in educational research on science textbooks, hence, our decision to adopt this approach. Among the few studies on science textbooks, many consider only the inappropriateness of textbooks for the goals of schooling. Consequently, these studies tend to focus on issues such as the conceptions about the nature of science present in textbooks, the discriminatory ways in which certain groups of the society are portrayed in textbooks, how the subject matter knowledge is decontextulized and out of date; and the absence of experimental activities combined to the prevalence of activities involving only memorization and the application of formulas. In the present research, I adopt a different perspective, informed by studies in the field of language. Thus, the goal is to investigate the text on biology in textbooks highlighting the relationships between linguistic aspects of the verbal text and their conditions of production. The analysis is based on Bakhtins work on speech genres, considering the thematic, compositional, and stylistic features of utterances. This broad perspective frames the use of categories proposed by Bronckart, Halliday, Martin and Mortimer. Based on the systematization of the results of this research, I argue that these texts represent a particular discourse genre which is structured around the relationships between its conditions of production and the hybridization of elements from multiple speech genres, namely the scientific, the didactic, and the day-to-day speech genres. The study of text in science textbooks, adopting this perspective, appears to be very significant for understanding the textbooks and their roles in science teaching and learning, as well as science teacher professional development.Este trabalho consiste na análise do texto de Biologia do livro didático de Ciências, com base em duas coleções de Ciências, do segmento de 5a a 8a série do Ensino Fundamental, recomendadas pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático PNLD/MEC. A decisão de analisar o texto verbal deve-se à constatação de que ele tem sido pouco considerado nas pesquisas sobre o livro didático no Brasil. Muitas pesquisas existentes quase sempre analisam apenas a inadequação dos livros didáticos para os propósitos da escola e, por via de conseqüência, no mais das vezes, discutem os modos como os autores do livro concebem a ciência, as formas preconceituosas e de discriminação de grupos sociais, os conteúdos desatualizados e descontextualizados, a ausência de atividades de experimentação, e as atividades que exigem apenas a memorização ou aplicação de fórmulas, entre outros. Esta pesquisa desenvolve-se, contrariamente, numa outra perspectiva, na área da linguagem e objetiva investigar o texto de Biologia do livro didático sob a ótica das relações entre aspectos lingüísticos do texto verbal e suas condições de produção. O referencial para a análise são as idéias de Bakhtin sobre os gêneros de discurso, em que se destacam aspectos que o autor considera como pertencentes ao conteúdo temático, ao estilo verbal e aos componentes composicionais. Esse referencial de fundo é operacionalizado a partir de categorias propostas por Bronckart, Halliday, Martin e Mortimer. Os dados da pesquisa, resultantes da análise dos textos verbais dos conteúdos de Biologia das duas coleções didáticas selecionadas, foram sistematizados e permitiram defender a idéia de que esses textos constituem um gênero de discurso próprio, que se organiza a partir das relações entre suas condições de produção e a hibridização de elementos dos gêneros de discurso científico, didático e cotidiano. Pesquisar o texto do livro didático de Ciências, na perspectiva da linguagem, parece ser bastante promissor tendo-se em vista o ensino e a formação do professor de Ciências. Aprender ciência é também aprender sua linguagem.
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Oliveira, Elania de. "Relações étnico-raciais e de gênero e o discurso da sala de aula de português: uma abordagem etnográfica interacional." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CPSA-7PMH85.
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The current study is about an ethnographic research developed in a third grade Portuguese class of an elementary public school in Belo Horizonte, with 8 to 10 year-old students. The aim of the research is to discuss the relationship between the teaching of Brazilian Portuguese and the possible visibility of social categories such as race and gender among others, in the social interaction context. In this perspective, the social identities are seen as dynamic relationships, situated and discursively constructed. The approach is guided by the principles of Interactional Ethnography, Cultural Anthropology, and Critical Discourse Analysis. The data compilation took place based on the references of interactional ethnography and it involved the observation of the interactions between the participants (teacher and students, 16 boys and 14 girls) from February 15th to December 2nd of 2005. The data correspond to a total of 169 classes registered via videos and production of field notes. Additionally there were formal and informal interviews and analysis of several artifacts: notebooks, school books, readers, text productions, formal evaluations, and official documents. The main questions that conducted the study were: Which materials were used in the process of teaching Portuguese? Did these materials already present within themselves the possibility of contemplating and reflecting on racial and gender issues? Did racial and gender issues become present or not in the interactions between the participants? How were they approached? To answer these questions, an analytical process applying different angles of the analysis such as Microanalysis of Classroom Events was used. The results of the study show that the use of the principles of interactional ethnography and microanalysis of classroom events constitute a theoretical and methodological tool which is very explanatory of the questions involved in the interactions which are developed in the school environment. By means of this procedure, it was possible to see that we can find racial and gender relations among the processes that became visible in classroom events and the different ways in which they are expressed in society, at school, and in the classroom most of the time in a stereotyped way and that they go beyond the content taught.O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a relação entre o ensino de Português e a visibilidade ou não de categorias sociais de raça e de gênero, dentre outras, no contexto da interação social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa etnográfica desenvolvida em uma sala de aula de Português, de uma turma do terceiro ano do 2º Ciclo do ensino fundamental, com alunos entre 8 e 10 anos de idade, em uma escola pública de Belo Horizonte. Nessa perspectiva, as identidades sociais são vistas como relações dinâmicas, situadas e discursivamente construídas. A abordagem orienta-se pelos princípios da etnografia interacional, da antropologia cultural e da análise crítica do discurso. A coleta de dados foi realizada com base nos referenciais da etnografia interacional e envolveu a observação das interações entre os participantes (professora e alunos, sendo 16 meninas e 14 meninos), no período de 15 de fevereiro a 2 de dezembro de 2005. Os dados correspondem a 169 horas/aula, registradas por meio de filmagens e produção de notas de campo. Adicionalmente, foram realizadas entrevistas formais e informais e análise de artefatos diversos: cadernos, livros didáticos e de literatura, produções de textos, avaliações formais e documentos oficiais. As questões centrais que conduziram o estudo foram: Que tipo de atividades foram realizadas em sala de aula? Que materiais foram utilizados no processo de ensino do Português? Esses materiais já traziam em si a possibilidade de contemplar e refletir sobre questões raciais e de gênero? Questões raciais e de gênero se tornaram presentes ou não nas interações entre os participantes? Como foram abordadas? Para responder a essas perguntas, realizou-se um processo analítico aplicando diferentes ângulos de análise, entre eles a microanálise de eventos de sala de aula. Os resultados do estudo mostram que a adoção dos princípios da etnografia interacional e da microanálise de eventos de sala de aula constituem um instrumental teórico e metodológico bastante elucidativo das questões envolvidas nas interações que se desenvolvem no ambiente escolar. Por meio desse procedimento, foi possível evidenciar que, dentre os processos que se tornaram visíveis nos eventos de sala de aula, encontram-se as relações raciais e de gênero e as diferentes maneiras como esses processos se expressam na sociedade, na escola e na sala de aula na maioria das vezes de forma estereotipada , indo além do conteúdo ensinado.
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Gloria, Dilia Maria Andrade. "Uma Análise de fatores sociodemográficos e sua relação com a escolarização dos filhos em famílias de camadas médias." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CPSA-7C8NFK.
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This research, developed in the field of Sociology of Education, with incursions in the Demographic domain, intends to analyze and comprehend the influence of the structure and size of the family, the order of birth and the gender of the children of middle class families in their schooling. Based on reports taken from parents and children of 30 investigated families, it tries to apprehend how these factors affect the specific ways in which each family conceives and acts regarding the school education of their children. Semi-structured interviews and two levels of analyses were done as a central method of investigation: the first level establishes relations between the socio-demographic factors proposed here and the schooling of the children in the investigated families; and a second one in which the focus of the analyses is narrowed so that is put into action the reconstruction of the unique process of schooling of children in three investigated families, highlighting possible details and complexities. The conclusion is that these four socio-demographic factors influence in different ways the schooling of the children, even in the same family. Even though these factors are many times co-related and also vulnerable to a series of other changes, some confirmations are evident: 1) the fact that the parents action is more effective in the families with a nuclear structure because of the presence and bigger involvement of both parents- makes their children, in general, have more benefits in their schooling as opposing to those who live with single parents and rebuilt homes; 2) as to the size of the family, the dilution of the parents resources because of a greater number of children is more evident in material matters than psychological (time and energy), so that the families with three or more children are more affected by the monetary costs of school education and are the ones that do more effort to fulfill their aspiration to a longer and successful schooling; 3) beyond the combining of factors that tend to compete to favor the schooling of the middle or the youngest child, in the majority of cases, the oldest are the ones that present the best school results, and;4) Although in the researched group, the models of socialization are less stereotyped, the separation by sex is felt; on one hand the greater school success of the girls is unquestionable and seems to translate their bigger investment, on the other hand when the choice of the university and the perspectives of the job marketNesta pesquisa, desenvolvida no campo da Sociologia da Educação, com incursões no domínio da Demografia, analisa-se a influência da estrutura e do tamanho da família, da ordem de nascimento e do gênero dos filhos de famílias de camadas médias em sua escolarização. Mediante relatos colhidos junto a pais e filhos de 30 famílias, procurou-se apreender como esses fatores afetam os modos específicos com que cada família concebe e atua face à educação escolar de seus filhos. Como procedimento de investigação foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Foram efetuados dois níveis de análise: um primeiro, em que se estabelecem relações entre os fatores sociodemográficos propostos e a escolarização dos filhos nas famílias investigadas; e um segundo, em que se restringe o foco de análise para que se empreenda uma reconstrução do processo singular de escolarização dos filhos em três famílias, explicitando-se possíveis nuances e complexidades. Concluiu-se que os quatro fatores sociodemográficos influenciam de modo diverso na escolarização dos filhos, inclusive, numa mesma família. Embora esses fatores se mostrem muitas vezes correlacionados, e mesmo sujeitos a uma série de outras variações, algumas constatações evidenciam-se: 1) a ação parental mostra-se mais efetiva nas famílias de estrutura nuclear pela presença e maior envolvimento dos genitores o que faz com que seus filhos sejam, em geral, mais beneficiados em sua escolarização em relação aos que vivem em lares monoparentais ou recompostos; 2) quanto ao tamanho da família, a diluição dos recursos parentais em função do maior número de filhos apresenta-se mais patente em termos materiais do que psíquicos (tempo e energia), de modo que as famílias com três ou mais filhos são as mais afetadas pelos custos monetários da educação escolar e as que mais esforços empreendem no sentido de concretizar sua aspiração a uma escolaridade longa e bemsucedida; 3) para além da conjugação de fatores que tendem a concorrer para favorecer a escolarização do filho do meio ou do caçula, na grande maioria dos casos, os primogênitos são os que apresentam os melhores resultados escolares, e; 4) embora, no grupo pesquisado, os modelos de socialização se mostrem menos estereotipados, ainda assim a clivagem por sexo se faz sentir, de tal maneira que, se o maior sucesso escolar das meninas é incontestável e parece traduzir de fato seu maior investimento, ao se examinar a escolha do curso superior e as perspectivas do mercado de trabalho, verifica-se que os interesses e as relações sociais ainda fazem a balança pender favoravelmente para o sexo masculino.
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Le, Roux Patrick. "Suites régulières d'impulsions radio-fréquence en résonance magnétique : applications à l'IRM." Paris 11, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00128349.
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Les séquences d'impulsions radiofréquence régulièrement espacées en Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire peuvent être abordées par des algorithmes simples de type polynomial (transformée en Z). Une simplification supplémentaire est apportée par l'utilisation de spineurs pour caractériser les rotations. On présente, comme première application, un algorithme de type effeuillage permettant la synthèse d'impulsions radiofréquence sélectives continues, plus particulièrement utilisé en IRM. Cet algorithme permet de s'affranchir de la non linéarité des équations de Bloch. Quelques détails d'implémentation non publiés sont donnés ainsi que quelques compléments théoriques comme la convergence de l'approximation par train d'impulsions dures et la prédiction de l'énergie déposée. On utilise ensuite les mêmes outils pour donner un modèle simplifiée des séquences CPMG et SSFP. On considère la rotation d'écho à écho et on explique la stabilisation naturelle des signaux par la dispersion de phase. Une caractérisation simplifiée mais d'usage assez large des processus de relaxation lors de telles séquences est également donnée. Le lien entre un algorithme polynomial de stabilisation des signaux de la séquence CPMG et une version discrétisée du principe adiabatique est proposée. Enfin un dernier chapitre aborde une séquence non-CPMG, basée sur une modulation quadratique de la phase du train d'impulsions, qui permet de s'affranchir de la sensibilité à la phase initiale de la séquence CPMGRegular RF pulse trains used in NMR can be studied with simple algorithms of polynomial type using the Z transform. Another simplification is brought by the use of spinors to model the rotations. The first application presented is a ‘peel-off' algorithm which permits the synthesis of selective radiofrequency pulses as the ones used in MRI. This algorithm makes the non linearity of the Bloch equations easy to handle. Some unpublished implementation details are given along with some theoretical results concerning the convergence of the hard pulse train approximation and the prediction of the energy deposition. The same tools are subsequently used to obtain a simplified model of the CPMG and SSFP sequences. The echo to echo rotation is studied and the natural stabilization of the signals is explained by the dispersion of phase. The relaxation processes during such sequences are also modelled in a simplified but widely applicable manner. A previous polynomials stabilization algorithm is explained in terms of a discrete version of the adiabatic principle. The last chapter tackles with a non-CPMG sequence which is insensitive to the initial phase of the magnetization. This sequence is based on a quadratic phase modulation of the RF pulse train
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PIMENTEL, CECILIO JOSE LINS. "PERFORMANCE OF CPM AND CPM COMBINED WITH CONVOLUTIONAL CODES SYSTEMS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1990. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9263@1.
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Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo, em
tempo discreto, para a análise através de simulação em
computador digital do desempenho de um sistema de
comunicações móveis via satélite que utiliza modulação CPM
(Continuous Phase Modulation)
Esquemas que combinam códigos convolucional e CPM (CC/CPM)
foram também examinados. Estes sistemas, conforme se pode
observar, apresentam maior eficiência em termos da
utilização de faixa de freqüência e potência, com relação
ao esquema CPM puro. A seleção do esquema CC/CPM ótimo foi
realizada utilizando um algoritmo eficiente para o cálculo
da distância Euclideana mínima (d2min ). Novos códigos com
d2min melhores foram obtidos com o emprego do codificador
convolucional com realimentação.
Por fim é examinada a decodificação de esquemas
Codificador Convolucional/Modulador CPM combinados
utilizando-se o Algoritmo-M, um Algoritmo subótimo em que
a busca da seqüência transmitida é limitada. São
realizadas simulações com o Algoritmo-M e compara-se com o
Algoritmo ótimo (Algoritmo de Viterbi). Verifica-se que o
Algoritmo M é bastante mais eficiente que o Algoritmo de
Viterbi.This work presents a model for performance analysis of a Mobile Satellite Communication system which incorporates Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) codes. The analysis is carried out by computer simulation, using a discrete-time baseband model of the communication system. The case of convolutional codes combined with CPM schemes (CC/CPM) is also examined. New codes CC/CPM with better minimum Euclidean distance were obtained with a feedback convolutional encoder. Comparison of CC/CPM and pure CPM, constrained to the same complexity, shows that the former has better performance. The performance of a system which uses CC/CPM schemes, over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, with M-algorithm decoding ( a limited search algorithm) is evaluated by computer simulation. The simulation results also corroborate the fact that the M- Algorithm is far more efficient than the Viterbi Algorithm.
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Montague, Nicholas Patrick. "Development of CPMV-based particle technology." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439927.
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Suhail, Saad A. "CPM/LOB : new methodology to integrate CPM and line of balance." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25619.
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In 1963 the United States Federal Government established a Line of Balance Coordinating Committee to study LOB's applicability and its ties with network scheduling. Ever since many researchers and practitioners attempted to integrate the merits of CPM and LOB in graphical, operational research, and activity-dominated network scheduling. Nevertheless, the obstacles were not truly eliminated in a simple and practical way that was good enough to be accepted and adopted by the construction industry. This work presents CPM/LOB, a new methodology integrating both methods in a network context. It is simple to comprehend and apply using available commercial CPM computer programs, and does not require elaborate training. The method overcomes the vulnerability of CPM to changes in the sequence of work and inability to maintain work continuity for the working squads of the repetitive activities. It introduces float into LOB and revives LOB by creating access to it by commercially available and popular CPM packages. Several additional features are introduced to facilitate the management of planning and control of repetitive projects, such as identifying and quantifying progress that contradicts network logic, evaluating the effect of discrete activities, and measuring the progress regularity on multiple large housing contracts as well as single and small repetitive projects. The principles of the method have been published in Journal of Constructing Engineering and Management of the American Society of Civil Engineers in September 1994. Its practical application on projects in Kuwait and the United States is demonstrated by three case studies.
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Full, Jürgen. "Ultrafast photodissociation dynamics of j5-CpMn(CO)3 [Eta-5-CpMn(CO3)](Cymantrene) theory for analysis and control /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2002/215/index.html.
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Bergquist, Frans. "CPM for RLS system." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8950.
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The main goal of this thesis is to create a continuous phase modulated radio system with a recursive least square equalizer. The two tested channel models are typical urban and rural area. The result of the performance of this radio system is displayed in Matlab plots as the bit error rate. Three error rates are displayed; with error correction, without error correction and the rate of received incorrect message bursts. Conclusions are also drawn of the performance of the radio system in kbit/sec of bandwidth when the different channel models are used. The performance is also divided into how the equalizer handles inter symbol interference or a fading channel without inter symbol interference.
I detta examensarbete har ett fasmodulerat radiosystem simulerats, fokusering ligger på kanalutjämnare som är av typen recursive least square (RLS). RLS utjämnaren har testats med två olika gsm kanalmodeler, dels typical urban som simulerar radioförbindelser i stadsmiljö den andra modellen är rural area där sändare och mottagare kan se varandra. Tre olika resultat presenteras; med felrättande koder, utan felrättande koder och mängden icke korrekta datapaket. Slutsatser dras om radiosystemets bandbredd när de olika kanalmodellerna används vid olika brusmängd. Även utjämnarens förmåga att hantera inter-symbol interference och fading utvärderas också.
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Aljabali, Alaa Ahmed. "CPMV as synthon and template in bionanotechnology." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2011. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/37403/.
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Toma, Daniela. "Análise da qualidade de óleos vegetais em sementes intactas por RMN de baixa resolução." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-26082009-093633/.
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O biodiesel vem sendo usado como uma alternativa ao diesel com vantagens ambientais. No entanto, existem duas questões que deverão difcultar a implantação deste combustível no Brasil: a não-sustentabilidade da produtividade desses vegetais, e a baixa qualidade dos óleos vegetais disponíveis, inviabilizando a utilização como combustível. Para atenuação destes problemas se faz necessário o melhoramento genético dos vegetais cultivados e seleção de plantas silvestres que podem possuir alta produtividade de óleo/ha/ano. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o uso da relaxometria por RMN em baixa resolução, através das técnicas CPMG (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill), que gera sinal dependente do tempo de relaxação T2 e CWFP (Continuous Wave Free Precession), que gera sinal dependente tanto de T2 quanto de T1. Os valores de T2 obtidos a partir dos dados de CPMG apresentaram alta correlação com a razão Mz/M0 (r= 0,93), T¤ (r= 0,94) e T2 calculado (r= 0,91), obtidos a partir dos dados CWFP, para as 31 amostras analisadas. T2 apresentou correlação inversa com a viscosidade do óleo e número de cetano, ambos com r ~ -0,63 e correlação direta com o índice de iodo (r= 0,64), quando foram retiradas as amostra de mamona e palmáceas, que possuem óleo diferente das outras sementes. Os dados obtidos a partir do sinal CWFP, T¤ e Mz/M0 também obtiveram correlação similar às observadas para T2. T2, T¤ e T2 calculado apresentaram alta correlação com o PC1, obtido pela análise de PCA e baixa correlação com PC2. T1 obteve boa correlação com PC2 dos dados CWFP. Com o acoplamento dessas metodologias não-destrutivas a um sistema de medidas on-line, essas medidas poderão ser obtidas rapidamente (cerca de 1 s por amostra) permitindo a análise de um grande número de amostras, necessárias para o desenvolvimento de sementes com óleo de alta qualidade. Este desenvolvimento é um dos gargalos para o uso de biodiesel em altas concentrações no diesel.Biodiesel is a highly promising renewable energy source that has gained widespread acceptance in recent years as an environmentally friendly substitute for petroleum diesel oil fuel. However, there are two questions that should diffcult the use of this fuel in Brazil in high quantity: the low plant productivity and the low quality of available vegetable oils. To attenuate these problems is necessary the genetic improvement of cultivated plants and the selection of wild plants that may have high productivity of oil/ha/year and high quality oils. To help to accelerate the genetic selection of high quality oil we are developing fast and non-destructive low resolution NMR methods based on relaxometry. These methods uses CPMG pulse sequence (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill), which generates a decay signal dependent of relaxation time T2, and CWFP (Continuous Wave Free Precession), which generates a decay signal dependent of both (T1 and T2) relaxation times. The T2 values obtained through CPMG data shows high correlation to Mz/M0 ratio (r= 0,93), T¤ (r= 0,94) and T2 calculated through CWFP data (r= 0,91), for the 31 analyzed samples. T2 shows inverse correlation to the kinematic oil viscosity and cetane number, both with r ~ 0,63, and direct correlation to iodine value (r= 0,64), when excluded the castor bean and palm samples, which have different oil composition of others seeds. Data obtained through CWFP signal, T¤ and Mz/M0, also have correlation similar to observed for T2. T2, T¤ and Mz/M0 shows high correlation to PC1 and low correlation to PC2, both obtained through PCA analysis. T1 shows some correlation to CWFP PC2. With the coupling of these non-destructive methodologies to a high-throughput on-line measurement system (about 1 s per sample) it will be possible to analyze thousands of samples per hour, allowing the identification of seeds with high quality vegetable oil, necessary for the genetic selection of plants, which is necessary to speed up the Brazilian biodiesel program.
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Ajmera, Mehul J. "Synthesis of novel cysteine Peptide Nucleic Acid (CPNA)." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002324.
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Yi, Sung Wook. "Cysteine Based PNA (CPNA): Design, Synthesis and Application." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002346.
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Ajmera, Mehul J. "Synthesis of Novel Cysteine Peptide Nucleic Acid (CPNA)." Scholar Commons, 2007. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/112.
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Many diseases are caused due to abnormalities in production of specific protein. Across this protein the conventional lock and key mechanism shows binding at the specific cites of protein. However use of antisense technology can prevent formation of protein. It does so by binding to mRNA and prevents transcription. The structural modifications lead to synthetic molecules with 18-mer units which show significant improvement in binding properties, this gives birth to a new class of oligomers called Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA). We herein report cysteine based PNA called CPNA.
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Luken, Raymond C. "Fracture behavior of CPM 10V." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90974.
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The effect of three heat treatments on plane-strain fracture toughness (K Ic), fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN), and tensile behavior of a commercial powder metal alloy, CPM 10V, was investigated. Fracture toughness was increased by increasing the tempering temperatures and decreased by increasing the austenitizing temperature. These changes were related to changes in yield strength and the resulting crack tip plastic zone sizes. Fracture toughness resulting from any of the three heat treatments was inversely related to the hardness. Fatigue crack growth followed the Paris Law for some portion of the curve and crack growth exponents, n, were virtually unchanged by the heat treatment. The linear portion of the growth curve was shifted to higher stress intensity ranges for heat treatments yielding higher fracture toughness. Fatigue crack growth behavior in the high growth region was determined mainly by the fracture toughness of the specific heat treatment.M.S.
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Nash, Christopher. "AUTOMATIC MODULATION RECOGNITION FOR CPM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624250.
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This paper uses detection and estimation theory techniques for automatic modulation recognition
of CPM signals. The CPM signals of interest are PCM/FM, SOQPSK-TG, and ARTM/CPM. The
modulation recognition problem is formulated as a hypothesis test with the test statistic computed
using samples of the observed signal. Using such techniques, simulation results show that correct
modulation can be achieved error free at a carrier-to-noise ratio of 19 dB for PCM/FM, 50 dB for
SOQPSK-TG, and 25 dB for ARTM CPM.
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Janata, Pavel. "Možnosti CPM řešení v bankovnictví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15494.
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This thesis addresses issues of measuring and managing the performance of commercial bank institutions by means of a system called Corporate Performance Management (CPM). The theoretical part of this work is devoted to introduction of banking industry and methods of performance measurement in commercial banks. It introduces a general concept and key components of CPM supported by Business Intelligence technology. In the practical part of this work there is introduced the design of two concrete CPM solutions which are being currently built in banks -- KPI processing and interest margin calculation. The main thesis contribution to the existing literature is a creation of complex material about relevant aspects of implementation CPM solutions in data warehouses of commercial banks and creation the conceptual design of a concrete solution.
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Tománek, Jiří. "Hodnocení CPM aplikací - analytických portálů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-19157.
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This thesis is concerned with evaluation CPM applications -- Analytical Portals. Based on reading up the evaluation criteria from another authors in third chapter, are chosen own criteria for evaluation of application Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007, where are dashboards and reports created. The thesis consists of two general sections, theoretical and practical. The theoretical section describes division of CPM applications from particular vendors of software. In second chapter are explained the most important features of CPM applications and their submission into software portfolio particular vendors, which is the first target of this thesis. In the practical section are worked up the data of fictive company named Matastav into form, which is needed for creating dashboards and reports. After that in fourth chapter, are created dashboards and reports by software MOSS 2007. Here is explanation of the creation and of course the required hardware and software installation. The software and created dashboards and reports are evaluated in fifth chapter with own chosen criteria. That is the second target of this thesis.
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Gaqa, Thando. "The rule in Hollington v Hewthorn in the light of section 17 Of The Civil Proceedings Evidence Act 25 of 1965 in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6830.
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Magister Legum - LLMSouth Africa, among others, has adopted, and is bound by, the so-called 'rule in Hollington‘ that originated in England in 1943 in Hollington v Hewthorn (hereinafter the 'Hollington case‘). The issue, among others, that the English Appeal Court had to determine in this case was whether a judgement of a criminal court could be used in subsequent civil proceedings to prove the liability of either of the litigants. The Court reached the conclusion that a judgement of a criminal court is just an irrelevant and inadmissible opinion in later civil proceedings. The court adopted the view that had a criminal conviction been admissible evidence in civil proceedings, it would lead to a situation where the defendant would end up challenging the propriety of those convictions. In the light of that, the courts would be faced with a duty to retry the criminal case in the midst of the civil proceedings. Section 17 of the Civil Proceedings Evidence Act (CPEA) provides that a conviction or an acquittal can be proved by the production of a document dully certified by the relevant court that acquitted or convicted the person in question. Furthermore, section 18 of the Supreme Court Act (SuCA) now section 34 of the Superior Courts Act (SupCA) provides that whenever a judgement, among other things, of a court needs to be proved or referred to in any manner a duly certified copy thereof will serve as prima facie evidence thereof. These sections militate against the rule in Hollington in that they allow, or at least should be interpreted in a manner that accords with the allowance of, the admissibility of conviction evidence in later civil law suits.
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Wardle, Mason B. "A PAM Decomposition of Weak CPM." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd868.pdf.
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Flak, Kimberley. "Selinger's CPM construction and nuclear ideals." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27357.
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Monoidal categories have recently been seen to be appropriate structures for establishing abstract axioms for quantum physics. The tensor product in a monoidal category corresponds to the creation of a composite system obtained by joining two independent quantum systems. This correspondence is formalized in the work of Abramsky-Coecke and Selinger. From this point of view, the tensor product in a monoidal category is abstracting the tensor product of Hilbert spaces. The notion of a dagger compact closed category axiomatizes further structure in the Hilbert space category. In particular, the dagger is an abstraction of the familiar Hilbert adjoint. Peter Selinger associates to each dagger compact closed category C its category of completely positive maps, denoted CPM(C). He proves that the resulting category is again a dagger compact closed category. We seek a similar result for tensored †-categories equipped with nuclear ideals.
We establish an appropriate notion of completely positive maps in a nuclear ideal. We then define a CPM construction for tensored †-categories equipped with nuclear ideals. Analogous to Selinger's construction, given a nuclear ideal N for a tensored †-category C, our construction yields its category of completely positive maps, CPMN(C). We prove that CPM N(C). is again a tensored †-category. In the process, we also verify that our completely positive maps properly extend Selinger's notion of CPMs. In particular, they preserve nuclear-positive matrices, which are generalizations of von Neumann's positive density operators. As well, we characterize the completely positive maps for the nuclear ideal of Hilbert-Schmidt operators for Hilb and the nuclear ideal of finite relations for LFR. Our construction abstracts the passage from finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces to the category of all Hilbert spaces.
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Perrins, Erik. "AN ALTERNATE PROPOSAL FOR ARTM CPM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605802.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, CaliforniaSince the Advanced Range Telemetry (ARTM) program first proposed the use of multi-h continuous phase modulation (ARTM CPM), there has been much work done to characterize the performance of this waveform. The ideal performance of ARTM CPM is well understood and has been shown to be close to that of PCM/FM and the Tier I modulations (FQPSK-B and SOQPSK). In practice, however, ARTM CPM is very sensitive to phase noise at the receiver and also requires very long synchronization times. These difficulties can be addressed with additional link margin. In this paper we propose an alternate set of modulation indexes which are approximately 2 dB superior in performance with respect to the original set (we use minimum distance concepts to characterize the performance of each set). Brief consideration is also given to frequency pulses other than the existing raised cosine (RC) pulse. We also characterize the effect these new parameters have on the signal spectrum. This 2 dB gain gives ARTM CPM some of the system flexibility currently enjoyed by PCM/FM and the Tier I modulations. One such option is to realize this 2 dB gain using low-complexity coherent detection schemes, which we demonstrate; we also show a noncoherent detection scheme that performs within 2 dB of optimum (or in other words, it has the same performance as the existing coherent detector for ARTM CPM). This is significant since noncoherent detection avoids some of the synchronization burdens that have plagued ARTM CPM thus far.
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Koucký, Jiří. "CPM a zavedení dashboardingu v praxi." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15555.
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Corporate Performance Management (CPM) is a broad concept focused on managing performance of companies and is related to information technologies like Business Intelligence (BI). CPM and its associated technologies are currently one of the most tracked areas in the field of business informatics. The reason is the growing market competition, globalization, the dynamic changes on the market and the growing need for companies to effectively manage their performance. The aim of the theoretical part of the thesis is to familiarize readers with this concept, with its components and link to business informatics. The work focuses on a specific area of CPM, which is monitoring and analysis, i.e. dashboarding. In the thesis there is analyzed monitoring and analytical functionality of the software Microsoft Office PerformancePoint Server 2007 (PPS). Furthermore, there are identified dashboard and scorecard concepts and analyzed the characteristics and categorization of dashboards. There are various best-practices approaches to deployment of dashboarding into business. In the thesis there are mentioned some of these practices and basic rules for proper dashboard design. At the end of the theoretical part of the thesis there are evaluated the world's leading suppliers of CPM solutions. The aim of the practical part of the thesis is design and documentation of CPM dashboarding solution based on the real business data of the company that provides consulting services and develops BI software. The solution is designed in the PPS software and its purpose is to support the company's management in terms of monitoring the effectiveness of internal and external projects and business activities of the company. The solution is not a definitive CPM solution, but a step by the company to reveal possible weaknesses in the organization and encourage efforts to develop its own holistic CPM solution.
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Pokorný, Jiří. "What-if analýza v nástroji CPM." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76062.
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This thesis deals with the management approach in performance management, today known world by the concept of Corporate Performance Management. CPM describes the relationship to Business Intelligence and methodologies, processes, metrics and technologies that together form the concept. There is also a description of CPM applications which cover the five most commonly deployed areas. The second part is devoted to what-if analysis that is one of several methodologies which are part of the CPM package. It also contains the list of competing tools that cover this area. The following hypothetical example of putting what-if analysis, aimed at resolving issues of fictitious company, related to costs, revenue and profit. Example is based on technology developed at IBM Cognos TM1. During the example solutions are presented with all the basic functionality that this technology offers.
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Rubáš, Jan. "Řešení controllingových úloh na platformě CPM." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85259.
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This work deals with the principles and methods of executing common managerial accounting tasks using Corporate Performance Management tools and technologies. The aim of the work is to analyze different practices, compare them and assess them against non-CPM solutions, especially ERP and spreadsheet solutions. The selection of tasks is based on a survey conducted among Czech companies and includes planning, budgeting, cost allocations and variance analysis. Conclusions are derived from the managerial accounting theory, fundamental works of Business Intelligence and personal experience gained through twelve CPM implementation projects. The conclusions are mostly platform-independent since functionality of several diverse CPM products is taken into account. The work highlights not only advantages but also restrictions of CPM tools and technologies. Many of the conclusions can be directly applied in practice. Work may be beneficial especially for business consultants and for companies considering the implementation of CPM.
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Le, Guenic Sarah. "Dehydration in aqueous media." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2238/document.
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Les années 1990 ont été marquées par le développement de la Chimie Verte avec les premiers travaux sur le sujet et l’introduction des Douze Principes. Depuis, le nombre de recherches sur la Chimie Verte n’a cessé de croître. Ces travaux de thèse portent sur le développement de méthodes de déshydratation dans le but de former des molécules à haute valeur ajoutée en utilisant les Douze Principes de la Chimie Verte en tant que ligne directrice. Deux molécules cibles ont été sélectionnées : (i) le phénylacétaldéhyde, obtenu par déshydratation du 1-phényléthane-1,2-diol, qui est utilisé dans la composition de parfums, de médicaments, d’insecticides, etc., ou en tant qu’intermédiaire réactionnel ; et (ii) le furfural, formé par la triple déshydratation du D-xylose (monomère principal des hémicelluloses), qui peut être utilisé comme solvant sélectif ou comme molécule plateforme pour produire une large gamme de composés d’intérêt. Plusieurs points-clés ont été identifiés pour concevoir des procédés de déshydratation verts: le solvant (l’eau ou le solvant éco-compatible CPME), la méthode d’activation (utilisation d’irradiation micro-ondes ou d’un réacteur en flux continu) et le catalyseur (chlorures de métaux ou résine échangeuse d’ions)The 1990s have witnessed the development of Green Chemistry with the first researches on the subject and the introduction of the Twelve Principles. Since then, the number of scientific works on Green Chemistry has continuously grown. This PhD work focus on the development of dehydration methods to form high added value molecules by using the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry as a guiding framework. Two target molecules were selected: (i) phenylacetaldehyde, obtained by the dehydration 1-phenylethane-1,2-diol, which is used in perfume compositions, for the preparation of pharmaceuticals, insecticides, etc., or as a chemical intermediate; and (ii) furfural, formed thanks to the triple dehydration of D-xylose (the main sugar unit of hemicellulose), which can be used as a selective solvent or as a platform molecule to produce a wide range of high-value chemicals. The optimisation of green production processes was focused on several key points: solvents (water and the eco-friendly CPME), activation method (microwave irradiation and continuous flow) and catalysis (metal chlorides and ion-exchange resin)
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Heßke, Holger. "Car-Parrinello Moleküldynamik-Simulationen zur Hydratisierung und Protonierung von Aminen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1200758724333-78070.
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Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Untersuchung des Hydratationsverhaltens von alkylsubstituierten Aminen und deren korrespondierenden Ammoniumionen mit Hilfe von Car-Parrinello-Moleküldynamik Simulationen (CPMD). Dabei konnten Fragestellungen hinsichtlich der Koordinationszahlen, des Lösungsmittelaustausches und der molekülspezifischen pKB-Werte beantwortet werden. Des Weiteren lässt die Arbeit Aussagen über einen Zusammenhang von Hydratation und anormaler Basiszitätsreihenfolge der Amine zu und ermöglicht zusätzlich die Beschreibung von Systemen mit mehreren Aminfunktionen durch die Anwendung der gewählten Bedingungen. Zur Simulation des Hydratationsverhaltens wurden Wasser enthaltende Lösungsmittelboxen erstellt, bei denen das zu untersuchende Molekül zentral angeordnet war. Nach dem Ausschluss dimensionsabhängiger Effekte durch die Equilibrierung auf Grundlage einer kraftfeldbasierten Moleküldynamik, konnte eine geeignete Boxgröße bestimmt werden, die neben der Berechnung der ersten Hydratationssphäre auch die Beschreibung einer möglichen zweiten Hydratationssphäre erlaubt. Anhand der erhaltenen CPMD-Trajektorien aus den erfolgreichen Simulation wurden Verteilungsfunktionen berechnet. Der Vergleich dieser Ergebnisse mit experimentell bekannten Werten und Berechnungen an reinem Wasser zeigte, dass das System real vorliegende Bedingungen wiedergibt. Die ermittelten gNO(r) -Verteilungsfunktionen der Amine bzw. deren korrespondierender Ammoniumionen weisen signifikante Unterschiede auf und spiegeln einen grundsätzlich verschiedenen Aufbau der Hydratationssphären wieder. Dabei besitzen alle freien Amine eine starke Wasserstoffbrückenbindung unter Einbeziehung des freien Elektronenpaares am Stickstoffatom, während sich an den Aminwasserstoffatomen nur sehr schwache Wechselwirkungen beobachten ließen. Abgesehen vom Trimethylamin sind die Hydratationssphären der Amine wenig strukturiert und der Wasseraustausch zwischen erster und zweiter Hydratationssphäre verläuft sehr schnell. Im Gegensatz dazu ist die Umgebung der Ammoniumionen stark strukturiert. Alle Ammoniumwasserstoffatome sind in Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen einbezogen und es existiert ein vergleichsweise langlebiger Käfig aus Wassermolekülen um das Ammoniumion. Zusätzlich befindet sich zeitweise ein weiteres, wesentlich mobileres Wassermolekül in der ersten Hydratationssphäre, das in der Lage ist einen Wasseraustausch einzuleiten. Dabei konnten für das Ammoniumion und das Methylammoniumion konkrete Mechanismen des Wasseraustausches bestimmt werden. Die Berechnung der pKB- bzw. pKA -Werte für die untersuchten Systeme war ein weiterer Bestandteil der Arbeit. Dazu wurde ein statistischer Ansatz zur Ermittlung der freien Energie herangezogen, bei dem die Mittelwerte der Verteilungsfunktionen verwendet werden, so dass die zu erwartende Genauigkeit eng mit der Simulationszeit verknüpft ist. Auf Grundlage von Strukturoptimierungen an Ammoniumionen, die mit wenigen Wassermolekülen umgeben waren, konnten unter Variation der NH-Bindungslängen Energiegradienten ermittelt werden, die eine Aussage über die möglichen Übergangszustände bei der Deprotonierung lieferten. Als gute Näherung des Übergangszustandes kann demnach für alle Methylammoniumionen eine NH-Bindungslänge von 1,22 Ǻ in Betracht gezogen werden. Mit Hilfe dieser Bindungslänge wurde die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Deprotonierung für alle Ammoniumionen berechnet, wobei Simulationen bei denen ein spontaner Protonenübergang auftrat keine Berücksichtigung fanden. Die Ergebnisse der methylsubstituierten Amine zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung mit den experimentellen Werten mit einer Abweichung von maximal +0,3 pK-Einheiten. Diese Abweichung entspricht in etwa 1,5 kJ/mol, was für theoretische Arbeiten einen sehr kleinen Fehler darstellt. Auf Grund der gewählten Bedingungen ist beim Ammoniumion die Wahrscheinlichkeit für die Deprotonierung unterschätzt wurden. Dadurch ist der entsprechende pKB -Wert kleiner als der experimentell ermittelte Wert. Im Verlauf der Arbeit konnte weiterhin gezeigt werden, dass das Verfahren und die gewählten Bedingungen auch für ethylsubstituierte Alkylamine und deren korrespondierende Ammoniumionen angewendet werden können. Die Genauigkeit der Ergebnisse hängt dabei hauptsächlich von der Simulationszeit ab. Ein entscheidender Punkt der Arbeit ist der Nachweis, das mit Hilfe dieser Moleküldynamik-Simulationen auch Moleküle mit mehreren Aminfunktionen berechnet werden können. Es ist somit möglich Differenzierungen in der Protonierung und Hydratation der einzelnen Aminfunktionen vorherzusagen.
31
Monte, Josà Cleyton Vasconcelos. "Interfaces da corrupÃÃo polÃtica no Brasil: a CPMI dos correios." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8212.
Full textAbstract:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorA pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender o fenÃmeno da corrupÃÃo polÃtica no Brasil. Inicialmente, traÃo os elementos que caracterizam essas prÃticas, discutindo as causas e consequÃncias do comportamento corrupto para a democracia, tomando como referÃncia as anÃlises internacionais e os principais estudos brasileiros sobre o tema. Em seguida, analiso o papel das comissÃes parlamentares de inquÃrito (CPIs), ressaltando seus maiores desafios e crÃticas, os discursos sobre corrupÃÃo na arena parlamentar e a relaÃÃo com o campo jornalÃstico. Partindo de matÃrias produzidas pela imprensa e, principalmente, do RelatÃrio Final elaborado pela CPMI dos Correios, que investigou nos anos de 2005 e 2006 o famoso escÃndalo do âmensalÃoâ, elaboro uma anÃlise sobre a relaÃÃo entre o sistema polÃtico brasileiro e as prÃticas de corrupÃÃo, destacando os principais pontos de discussÃo no perÃodo do referido escÃndalo: a questÃo do financiamento de campanha e a complexa relaÃÃo entre partidos, empresas privadas e estatais, tratados a partir do âvaleriodutoâ e o debate sobre a formaÃÃo e manutenÃÃo das coalizÃes parlamentares, abordado atravÃs do âmensalÃoâ. Na conclusÃo, chamo atenÃÃo para algumas propostas de reforma polÃtica, trazidas à tona no momento dos trabalhos de investigaÃÃo parlamentar e a necessidade de participaÃÃo por parte da sociedade civil, pensados como mecanismos para combater a corrupÃÃo.
The research aims to understand the phenomenon of political corruption in Brazil. Initially, I trace elements that characterize these practices, discussing the causes and implications of corrupt behavior to democracy, by reference to the international analysis and the main Brazilian studies on this topic. Next, we analyze the role of parliamentary committees of inquiry (PCI), highlighting its major challenges and critical discourse on corruption in the parliamentary arena and the relationship with the journalistic field. Based on material produced by the press and especially the Final Report prepared by the JPCI of the Post Office, which in 2005 and 2006 investigated famous scandal of the "monthly allowance", an elaborate analysis of the relationship between the Brazilian political system and corrupt practices highlighting the main points of discussion during the period of this scandal: the issue of campaign finance and the complex relationship between political parties, private and state companies, treated from the "valerioduct" and the debate on the formation and maintenance of parliamentary coalitions, approached through the "monthly allowance". In conclusion, it just draws attentions to some proposals for political reform, brought to the fore at the time of research and the need for parliamentary participation by civil society, conceived as mechanisms to combat corruption.
32
Cooklis, John T. "CPGA : a two-dimensional order-based algorithm for cell placement /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10709.
Full text
33
Laclabere, Arenas Sebastián. "CPAA Centro de producción acuícola artesanal Caleta San Marcos Iquique." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/100314.
Full textAbstract:
La pesca representa la cuarta actividad económica del país, después de la minería, la
actividad forestal y la frutícola, al mismo tiempo, Chile se establece además como la sexta
potencia mundial en términos de producción pesquera. Tradicionalmente podemos dividir
la producción pesquera en tres áreas, la industrial, la artesanal y la acuicultura. según
los dartos de sernapesca correspondientes al periódo de xxx a xxx podemos ver que en
el contexto chileno la pesca industrial representa el 43,5% mientras el sector artesanal
representa el 38,4% y el acuícola el 18,1%.
Entendiendo este panorama nacional y global, la problemática a trabajar será la
inestabilidad de la producción de la pesca artesanal versus el crecimiento sostenido de la
acuicultura, y la posibilidad que ésta representa para los pescadores artesanales como una
manera de estabilizar su producción, aumentar sus ingresos y contribuir al crecimiento de
la acuicultura a nivel nacional.
La aproximación propuesta se presenta como un trabajo paralelo a las posibles
inversiones de carácter industrial, enfocados a generar una economía de pequeña escala
que pueda ayudar a mejorar la producción, los ingresos, y las condiciones de vida de los
pescadores y las caletas pesqueras rurales de nuestro país, al mismo tiempo contribuyendo
a la diversificación de la producción acuícola y con ello ampliando las posibilidades de
crecimiento y exportación del rubro
34
MONTE, José Cleyton Vasconcelos. "Interfaces da corrupção política no Brasil: a CPMI dos correios." http://www.teses.ufc.br, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/4513.
Full textAbstract:
MONTE, José Cleyton Vasconcelos. Interfaces da corrupção política no Brasil: a CPMI dos correios. 2012. 119f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2012.Submitted by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-31T12:16:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_Dis_JCVMonte.pdf: 1078237 bytes, checksum: 8ab49b48e37c939e47119b7ec8ce292d (MD5)
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The research aims to understand the phenomenon of political corruption in Brazil. Initially, I trace elements that characterize these practices, discussing the causes and implications of corrupt behavior to democracy, by reference to the international analysis and the main Brazilian studies on this topic. Next, we analyze the role of parliamentary committees of inquiry (PCI), highlighting its major challenges and critical discourse on corruption in the parliamentary arena and the relationship with the journalistic field. Based on material produced by the press and especially the Final Report prepared by the JPCI of the Post Office, which in 2005 and 2006 investigated famous scandal of the "monthly allowance", an elaborate analysis of the relationship between the Brazilian political system and corrupt practices highlighting the main points of discussion during the period of this scandal: the issue of campaign finance and the complex relationship between political parties, private and state companies, treated from the "valerioduct" and the debate on the formation and maintenance of parliamentary coalitions, approached through the "monthly allowance". In conclusion, it just draws attentions to some proposals for political reform, brought to the fore at the time of research and the need for parliamentary participation by civil society, conceived as mechanisms to combat corruption.
A pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender o fenômeno da corrupção política no Brasil. Inicialmente, traço os elementos que caracterizam essas práticas, discutindo as causas e consequências do comportamento corrupto para a democracia, tomando como referência as análises internacionais e os principais estudos brasileiros sobre o tema. Em seguida, analiso o papel das comissões parlamentares de inquérito (CPIs), ressaltando seus maiores desafios e críticas, os discursos sobre corrupção na arena parlamentar e a relação com o campo jornalístico. Partindo de matérias produzidas pela imprensa e, principalmente, do Relatório Final elaborado pela CPMI dos Correios, que investigou nos anos de 2005 e 2006 o famoso escândalo do “mensalão”, elaboro uma análise sobre a relação entre o sistema político brasileiro e as práticas de corrupção, destacando os principais pontos de discussão no período do referido escândalo: a questão do financiamento de campanha e a complexa relação entre partidos, empresas privadas e estatais, tratados a partir do “valerioduto” e o debate sobre a formação e manutenção das coalizões parlamentares, abordado através do “mensalão”. Na conclusão, chamo atenção para algumas propostas de reforma política, trazidas à tona no momento dos trabalhos de investigação parlamentar e a necessidade de participação por parte da sociedade civil, pensados como mecanismos para combater a corrupção.
35
Temple, Kip. "ARTM CPM Receiver/Demodulator Performance: An Update." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/579654.
Full textAbstract:
ITC/USA 2013 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Ninth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 21-24, 2013 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NVSince the waveform was first developed by the Advanced Range Telemetry Program (ARTM) and adopted by the Range Commanders Council Telemetry Group (RCC/TG), receiver/demodulators for the ARTM Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) waveform have undergone continued development by several hardware vendors to boost performance in terms of phase noise, detection performance, and resynchronization time. These same results were initially presented at the International Telemetry Conference (ITC) 2003 when hardware first became available supporting this waveform, at the time called ARTM Tier II. This paper reexamines the current state of the art performance of ARTM CPM receiver/demodulators available in the marketplace today.
36
Perrins, Erik, and Michael Rice. "SURVEY OF DETECTION METHODS FOR ARTM CPM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605338.
Full textAbstract:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, CaliforniaThe ARTM Tier-2 waveform, called “ARTM CPM” in IRIG 106-04, has almost three times the spectral efficiency of PCM/FM and approximately the same detection efficiency. The improved spectral efficiency comes at the price of computational complexity in the receiver. The optimum receiver requires 128 real-valued matched filters and keeps track of the waveform state with a trellis of 512 states and 2048 branches. Various complexity reducing techniques are applied and the resulting loss in detection efficiency is quantified. It is shown that the full 512-state trellis is not required to achieve the desired detection efficiency: two different 32-state configurations were found to perform within one tenth of a dB of optimal. Noncoherent techniques are also evaluated. It is shown that the required complexity can be quite large to achieve a respectable detection efficiency. One noncoherent technique performed within 1.9 dB of the optimal with only 64 states, which is significant when considering the additional complexity savings of not having to track the carrier phase.
37
Perrins, Erik. "COMPARISON OF RECEIVERS FOR MULTI-H CPM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606374.
Full textAbstract:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaA noncoherent receiver for the general case of M-ary partial response multi-h continuous phase modulation (CPM) is presented. The receiver operates on the principle of sequence estimation via the Viterbi Algorithm (VA). It offers a significant complexity reduction from the optimal coherent maximum likelihood sequence estimating (MLSE) receiver. The performance of the receiver is evaluated with computer simulations. It performs at a loss of 1–6 dB relative to the MLSE receiver for the CPM schemes considered in the simulations. The receiver shows promise in applications requiring reduced complexity and use of existing hardware.
38
Čuka, Ondřej. "CPM a jeho efektivní podpora v IS." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3245.
Full textAbstract:
Diplomová práce popisuje moderní koncept řízení Corporate Performance Management a jeho efektivní podporu v informačních systémech organizace. První část práce se věnuje základním principům CPM, vycházejících ze současných manaţerských systémů, a jejich provázanosti na business intelligence technologie. Uvádí procesy, metriky, technologie, metodiky a přístupy, které se v rámci řízení výkonnosti a jeho zavádění v organizaci pouţívají. Druhá část práce se jiţ zabývá reálným projektem implementace řízení výkonnosti ve skupině RWE CZ. Popisuje průběh tohoto projektu a konfrontuje ho s doporučeními, která uvádí teorie. Pro jednotlivé fáze projektu jsou pak odvozeny kritické faktory úspěchu. V závěru práce je navrţena kategorizace těchto faktorů a ke kaţdému z faktorů je uvedeno doporučení pro jeho řešení.
39
Gřešák, Ondřej. "Kritické faktory implementace Corporate Performance Management (CPM)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-6098.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis addresses a new management approach - "Corporate Performance Management" (CPM). It sets forth the concept of this new approach as a business performance monitoring and strategic support tool, its assumptions, framework, components, relationship to business intelligence, and related methodologies. Particular focus is placed on "key performance indicators" (KPI), their characteristics, segmentation, methods for their selection, and implementation procedures. The theoretical part of this work is devoted to creating a methodology by which CPM can be effectively implemented on projects in the financial sector with an emphasis on the critical success factors of such a project as a whole. The primary elements of this methodology are the selection of the best possible metrics, the project's overall success and the development of efficient reporting. The practical part of this work initially introduces "Project KPI 2008", which ran in Komerční banka (Czech Commercial Bank), then pits it against the theoretical methodologies defined in the theoretical section. The entire project is then assessed based on the results of the comparison, and finally, conclusions and recommendations are made for the future of this project. The main asset of this thesis is its creation of the afore-mentioned management methodologies and the ideal, course to be taken in implementing a KPI-focused project. This work is valuable not only for investigating key performance indicators themselves, but also as an informative tool for managers who would like to acquaint themselves with or learn more about the CPM concepts in general.
40
Chvalovská, Jana. "Řízení podnikové výkonnosti (CPM) v obchodních organizacích." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75464.
Full textAbstract:
Corporate Performance Management (CPM) is currently one of the most developing branches of informatics due to the fact that it is a tool that allows managers to effectively manage their company and thereby increase its competitiveness in the market. This thesis focuses on the individual elements of the CPM, particularly on the managerial methods, metrics and business processes, which are generally characterized first and then applied to business organizations that operate in the area of retailing. There is also a fourth CPM element - CPM applications, but a detailed description is not covered by this work. The aim of this thesis is mainly to define the basic (core) processes in retailing and describe their characteristics using informatics approaches. Each process is then assigned to managerial methods that can be used in evaluating the performance of these processes and to specific examples of metrics for which appropriate dimensions are further defined. The main contribution of this work is the analysis of processes in the retailing industry, using methods and approaches used in informatics - characteristics such as purpose of the process, events that trigger the process, inputs and outputs of the process and metrics, which are assigned to the corresponding dimensions, are defined for each process.
41
JAIN, UPDESH. "DESIGN OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA WITH VARIOUS SHAPE OF SLOT FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION." Thesis, 2012. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14028.
Full textAbstract:
Novel asymmetric-circular shaped slotted microstrip patch antennas are proposed for circularly polarized (CP) radiation and radio frequency identification (RFID) reader applications. A single-feed configuration based asymmetric-circular shaped slotted square microstrip patches are adopted to realize the compact circularly polarized microstrip antennas. The asymmetric-circular shaped slot(s) along the diagonal directions are embedded symmetrically onto a square microstrip patch for CP radiation and small antenna size. The CP radiation can be achieved by slightly asymmetric (unbalanced) patch along the diagonal directions by slot areas.
The reader antenna is one of the important components in the RFID system. Circularly polarized microstrip antennas (CPMAs) can reduce the loss caused by the multipath effects between the reader and the tag antenna. Frequencies specifically that have been reserved for the ISM (industrial, scientific, medical) bands can be used for the RFID applications. Due to the merits of high data transfer rate and broad readable range, passive RFID systems at the UHF band are preferred in many applications. The total frequency span of the UHF band used for RFID systems is 840–960 MHz. However ,there is not a UHF range accepted worldwide for the RFID applications. The system operates at the bands of 902–928 MHz in America, 865–867 MHz in Europe, and 840–955 MHz in Asia-Pacific region. In Asia-Pacific region, the UHF RFID frequency range is different in different countries: China (840.5–844.5 MHz, 920.5–924.5 MHz), Japan (952–955 MHz), India (865–867 MHz), Hong Kong (865–868 MHz, 920–925 MHz), Taiwan (920–928 MHz), Korea (908.5–910 MHz, 910–914 MHz), Singapore (866–869 MHz, 923–925 MHz),Australia (920–926 MHz), etc. As a result, except the America UHF RFID frequency-band, in other countries UHF RFID allocation bandwidths are between 3 to 6 MHz. The broadband CPMA designs to cover total frequency span of the UHF band for RFID applications have been reported. The sizes of the broadband CPMAs are bulky and not suitable for handheld or portable reader applications.
The single-feed CPMAs are usually more compact as compared to the dual-feed CPMAs .The major consideration for the CP microstrip antenna design of handheld/portable RFID reader applications is overall compact size of the antenna.The antenna gain and bandwidth are not so critical. However, the antenna must cover at least one UHF RFID band with bandwidth of few MHz. The small size of the CPMA can be achieved at the cost of limited gain, narrow 3-dB AR bandwidth and impedance bandwidth. Various techniques have been published to generate the CP radiation of the single-feed microstrip antennas.
The single-feed square patch was proposed by Sharma and Gupta for CP radiation using the symmetric truncated corners method . The single-feed CP annular-ring, square and circular patch antennas with perturbation elements (symmetric cross, inner stubs techniques etc.) . The study of the asymmetric-circular shaped slotted microstrip patches (ACSSMPs) for the CP radiation was not popular in open literature.
42
Chen, Li-Chieh, and 陳麗婕. "Using Bootstrap Method to Construct the Confidence Interval of Process Capability Indices, Cpm and Cpmk, Under Non-normal and Auto-correlated Data." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28947111043891488125.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
工業工程與管理研究所碩士班
93
Process capability indices can be a measuring criterion when factories exchange their manufactures. Process capability indices are also basis when the internal parts of factories estimate stability of process and process yield. Therefore, estimating the process capability indices is very important. However, because of the restriction of time and money, it always sampling a few sample to estimate the process capability. Furthermore, the probability distributions of estimators of these process capability indices, such as Cpk, Cpm and Cpmk, are too complicated to derive. So the confidence interval of indices can not be obtained under tranditional mathods. Bootstrap method is a nonparametric repeatly sampling method, it don’t need any statistical assumptions on its population. By using computer to resample and calculate, it can employ a few samples to represent the population. Boorstrap method can be applied to any complex statistic. It is very convenient and accurate in estimating parameters and constructing confidence interval. Thus, the present paper constructs 95% bootstrap confidence interval of capability index Cpm and Cpmk when the data is auto-correlated. After translating by Burr distribution, this research study four bootstrap confidence interval’s coverage, interval length and standard deviation under seven combinations of skewness and kurtosis. Hope to provide a convenient and accurate basis for industrial to make correct decision.
43
Perera, Pubuduni Sudarika. "Multiple forms of cPLA₂." 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11142003-210622/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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"Performance of cpm and cpm combined with convolutional codes." Tese, MAXWELL, 1990. http://www.maxwell.lambda.ele.puc-rio.br/cgi-bin/db2www/PRG_0991.D2W/SHOW?Cont=9263:pt&Mat=&Sys=&Nr=&Fun=&CdLinPrg=pt.
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Harris, Virginia Gail. "The intracellular targeting of cPLA₂." 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09012002-190214/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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46
Lin, Ya-Ting, and 林雅婷. "The relationship among CPA gender, CPA gender composition and audit quality." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18505011749402536093.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
會計學研究所
103
This study examines the association between the gender of an audit engagement partner and audit quality, and the association between the composition of genders of engagement partner and concurring partner and audit quality. Using abnormal accruals as the proxy for audit quality, this study finds that, inconsistent with the hypothesis, female engagement partners are associated with higher abnormal accruals. But when engagement partners and concurring partners are of different genders, abnormal accruals are lower than other compositions, suggesting that gender diversity is helpful for improving audit quality.
47
Hsu, Hui-Hsien, and 許慧先. "Process Capability Index-Cpmk and the Confidence Interval for the Difference Between Two Process Capability Indices-Cpmk." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12701356685714540948.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
工業工程與管理系
88
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management National Chiao Tung University Abstract Process capability analysis means utilizing process capability indices to evaluate suppliers'' process capability when the processes are normally distributed and in control. It can be used for controlling and assessing process at the same time. Cp and Cpk are developed in early period and are usually used by industrial. Taguchi loss function concept is added into newer process capability index Cpm due to the lack of considering situation of process mean deviating from target value. Because the bigger the index doesn''t guarantee the higher the process yield, therefore, process capability index-Cpmk reflecting both the process yield and the expected loss is proposed. Cpmk is rarely utilized so far. Though the table of 100(1-α)% confidence lower limit for Cpmk under different sample size and value when the specification interval is symmetry, the method is not practical owe to the assumption of large sample size. In addition, there is only hypothesis about the difference between two processes or suppliers'' process capability indices Cp. Hence, the purpose of this study is using bootstrap simulation to construct confidence lower limit for single process capability index Cpmk and confidence interval for the difference between two process capability indices Cpmk. These can be utilized to find a better process or supplier by replacing traditional hypothesis. To facilitate and encourage the use of the engineer without statistic background, a program is provided for computing the confidence lower limit and confidence interval. Finally, a example is used to demonstrate the use of the proposed method.
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Liunda, Palmira Licongue da Silva. "Conhecer para mudar: CpM." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/11015.
Full textAbstract:
O presente Projeto de Mestrado surge da necessidade de se construir um plano de
formação de formação de diretores escolares, através de um conjunto de ações de
formação denominadas “Conhecer para Mudar (CpM) ”, implantadas numa primeira fase em
Lubango (Angola), a fim de contemplar a concepção do caráter público da educação e da
busca de melhor qualidade social, baseada nos princípios da gestão democrática, olhando a
escola na perspetiva da inclusão social e da emancipação humana no contexto angolano. O
projeto CpM tem objetivo como básico contribuir com a formação efetiva de diretores
escolares da escola pública angolana, de modo a que disponham de conhecimentos teóricopráticos
que viabilizem uma educação escolar básica com qualidade social, a fim de
combater a evasão escolar nos anos iniciais da vida escolar em Angola. O projeto CpM foi
concebido a partir dos resultados do diagnóstico realizado através de pesquisa de
informação sobre o sistema educativo angolano e a realização de entrevistas a 30 diretores
escolares de Lubango, com módulos formativos presenciais correspondentes as
necessidades identificadas no diagnóstico, com particular enfoque nos dominios científicos
da Gestão e Liderança Escolar. O plano de formação proposto é composto por 10 módulos:
Gestão de Recursos Humanos, Gestão Financeira Escolar, Organização e Gestão Escolar,
Métodos Estatísticos para Organizações Escolares, Educação Especial Infantojuvenil,
Iniciação em Língua Estrangeira (Inglês/Francês), TIC na Gestão Escolar, Avançado em
Língua Estrangeira para Fins Científicos, Delinquência no Contexto Escolar e Formação de
Diretores formadores.This current Master's Project arises from the need to build a training plan of formation of school principal, through a set of called actions "Conhecer para Mudar (CpM)", initially deployed in Lubango (Angola) in order to contemplate the design of the public character of education and better quality social search, based on the principles of democratic management, looking at the school in perspective of social inclusion and human emancipation in the Angolan context. The CpM project has aimed to contribute to the effective training of school principals of the Angolan public school, so that they have theoretical and practical elements that enable a basic school education with social quality in order to combat truancy in the initial years of school life in Angola. The CpM project is constructed from a diagnosis through the use of interview with 19 open-ended questions in a sample of 30 school principals of Lubango, with face-to-face training modules relating to deficits pointed to by the diagnosis, with a focus on scientific domains of School Management and Leadership. The proposed training plan consists of 10 modules: Human Resources Management, Financial Management, School Organization and Management, Statistical Methods for School Organizations, Children's Special Education, Initiation in Foreign Language (English/French), ICT in School Management, Advanced Foreign Language for Scientific Purposes, Delinquency in the School Context and Formation of Principals Trainers
49
Chen, Yucheng, and 陳鈺程. "CPA Human Resources Analysis." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65312497081795049554.
Full textAbstract:
碩士靜宜大學
會計學系
101
Past audit market literature focuses audit market concentration do investigate, rarely discussed CPA human resources supply and demand, this study is to investigate whether the oversupply of CPA human resources issues. Taking the number of CPA since 2001 after a dramatic increase in CPA Exam way to change, 2001 to 2011 10 years, CPA for a total of 4230 people taking the number of about 1950 to 2011 a total of 51 years, CPA enrollments. CPA substantial increase enrollments, resulting CPA services supply side of human resources increased significantly. The demand side of the CAP services mainly from the company commissioned, but China's industrial relocation and other factors, China's slow-growing number of companies, the last 10 years the number of registered companies growth rate was 2.4%; And the Fair Trade Commission in 1998 that the remuneration received in violation of fair trade standards, the abolition of CPA remuneration charged the standard. Dramatic increase in the supply, demand increased slowly; nor lower remuneration structure of the market, resulting in fierce competition audit market. In this study, before and after 2001 labor market supply and demand for CPA to do analysis; CPA market-related data collection of these data mining cross analysis and trends, the results showed that the number of graduates Accountancy, CPA passing and CPA exam registration number and the number in the year 2001 after Individually significant differences in the supply of CPA is significantly increased; Number of CPA decade after 2001 growth rate of 28.92%, far higher than the number of registered companies growth rate of 2.4%, which makes each of CPA, the average number of companies that can undertake the decline, which means that competition in the labor market CPA degree is getting increased. The study found that allows businesses wishing to enter the CPA market and participate CPA examination according to relevant persons and authorities for reference.
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余文彥. "The Wavefunction Optimization with DIIS in CPMD." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94597377318201502699.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
應用數學系所
95
CPMD (Car-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics simulations) is a program used to calculate the energy or properties of a systems with atoms or molecules. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental work of CPMD — Wavefunction Optimizations, and interpret the code of it.