Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Covid long'

Il prolungarsi della fase pandemica ha permesso di poter identificare le caratteristiche dell’infezione da Sars-Cov-2 e osservarne le sequele. In un numero crescente di pazienti a distanza dall’infezione, si evidenziano quadri clinici che inficiano il completo ritorno allo svolgimento delle ADL. Per questo si parla di pazienti long-COVID. Gli studi presenti in letteratura che si concentrano sul trattamento riabilitativo migliore per questi pazienti sono ancora pochi e in parte discordanti. Inoltre, solo alcuni prendono in considerazione la fisioterapia respiratoria nel loro programma fisioterapico a lungo termine. L’obiettivo di questa Scoping Review è ricercare e sottolineare l’importanza e l’applicazione della fisioterapia respiratoria nel paziente affetto da long-COVID seguendo il modello della checklist della PRISMA Extension per Scoping Review. Materiali e metodi: Sono stati inclusi studi che riguardano le modalità del trattamento attuate su pazienti manifestanti sequele da infezione da COVID-19 in fase post-intensiva, pubblicati tra dicembre 2019 e agosto 2021. È stato posto come unico limite la lingua inglese senza limitazioni di sesso, età o etnia. Le banche dati sulle quali è stata effettuata la ricerca sono PUBMED, PEDro e CENTRAL. Sono stati inclusi studi controllati, Case Report, Review, studi osservazionali e articoli. Questa Scoping Review prende in analisi 12 studi. La maggior parte di questi considera la fisioterapia respiratoria come parte di un protocollo riabilitativo globale costituito anche da mobilizzazioni, riallenamento allo sforzo, rinforzo muscolare, esercizi di equilibrio e coordinazione. Gli studi presi in considerazione sono di bassa qualità statistica; perciò, non è possibile trarre conclusioni significative. Tuttavia, tutti gli studi considerano l’intervento di riabilitazione respiratoria uno strumento valido per il recupero nei pazienti affetti da long-COVID, anche se non sono stati identificati interventi e outcome specifici.

Introduzione. Ad oggi restano ancora da scoprire le implicazioni a lungo termine per i pazienti che sopravvivono, dopo ospedalizzaizone, all'infezione da SARS-CoV-2, soprattutto per coloro che hanno contratto una forma severa di COVID-19. Obbiettivo. Misurare il carico di malattia residua ancora rilevabile a circa tre mesi e un anno dalla dimissione in pazienti sottoposti a procedure invasive di ventilazione durante la degenza indice. Materiali e metodi. È stato condotto uno studio osservazionale monocentrico includendo pazienti dimessi vivi dal ricovero ospedaliero con diagnosi principale di COVID-19 e sottoposti a procedure ventilatorie durante la degenza ospedaliera. I sintomi e un'ampia gamma di indagini strumentali ed esami TC sono stati valutati dopo circa tre mesi e un anno dalla dimissione indice da un team multidisciplinare utilizzando procedure standardizzate. Risultati. Tra marzo e giugno 2020 sono stati arruolati 203 pazienti che hanno accettato di sottoporsi a una visita ambulatoriale dopo tre mesi dalla dimissione. Circa il 60% dei pazienti aveva almeno un sintomo, il 6,5% aveva un basso livello di saturazione durante la lettura dell'ossimetria e l'85,0% aveva almeno un'anomalia dell'analisi del sangue. Più del 20% dei pazienti presentava almeno il 50% del parenchima polmonare affetto da anomalie. Durante la visita è stata richiesta una consulenza specialistica per il 21,2% dei soggetti. A livello globale, poco più del 20% dei pazienti presentava ancora una grave malattia residua da COVID-19. La durata della degenza ospedaliera superiore a 30 giorni era significativamente associata al rischio di avere una malattia residua grave. Conclusione. Un'ampia percentuale di pazienti presentava ancora segni clinici e strumentali di malattia residua circa due mesi dopo la dimissione e ad un anno, seppur in una percentuale più ridotta si protraevano anomalie. Fornire una valutazione coordinata e multidisciplinare a lungo termine, attraverso la costruzione di protocolli standardizzati dovrebbe essere presa in considerazione per tali pazienti, anche alla luce della programmazione sanitaria futura.
Background. Long-term implications for patients surviving SARS-CoV-2 infection, mostly for those who experienced critical COVID-19, remain to be uncovered. Objective. To measure the burden of residual disease still detectable approximately three months and one year after discharge in patients underwent to mechanical ventilation during the index hospital stay. Methods. A single-center observational study was performed by including patients discharged alive from hospital admission with main diagnosis of COVID-19, and who underwent mechanical ventilation during hospital stay. Symptoms and a wide range of instrumental signs and CT exams were assessed after approximately three months and one years from index discharge by a multidisciplinary team using standardized procedures. Results. Between March and June 2020, 203 patients were enrolled and agreed to undergo an outpatient visit after two months since discharge. About 60% patients had at least one symptom, 6.5% had low level of saturation during oximetry reading and 85.0% had at least a blood test abnormality. More than 20% patients had at least 50% of the lung parenchyma affected by abnormalities. During the visit, a specialist consultation was requested for 21.2% of the subjects. Globally, just above 20% of the patients still presented severe COVID-19 Residual Illness. Duration of hospital stay longer than 30 days was significantly associated with the risk of having severe residual illness. Conclusion. A large proportion of patients still had clinical and instrumental signs of residual illness approximately two months after discharge. Provision of a coordinated, multidisciplinary long-term assessment should be considered for such patients experiencing critical COVID-19 disease, also in the light of future health planning

Ce manuscrit présente les travaux effectués dans le cadre d'une thèse CIFRE réalisée en collaboration entre le LITIS et Saagie, et qui s'inscrit dans le projet PANDORE-IA en partenariat avec le centre du sommeil VIFASOM.Les signaux électroencéphalographiques (EEG) sont très utiles pour aider les experts à identifier diverses anomalies comme les troubles du sommeil. En particulier dernièrement, la communauté s'est beaucoup intéressée au COVID long et à ses divers impacts sur le sommeil. Ces signaux sont cependant volumineux : la compression permet de réduire les coûts de stockage et de transfert. Les approches récentes de compression se basent sur des autoencodeurs qui utilisent une fonction de coût pour apprendre. Celle-ci est usuellement la MSE, mais il existe des métriques plus adaptées aux séries temporelles, en particulier DTW. DTW n'est toutefois pas différentiable et ne peut donc être utilisée pour un apprentissage de bout-en-bout.Pour résoudre ce problème, nous proposons dans cette thèse deux approches d'approximation de DTW basées sur des réseaux de neurones. La première approche utilise un réseau siamois pour projeter les signaux de sorte que la distance euclidienne des signaux projetés soit la plus proche possible de la DTW des signaux originaux. La deuxième approche tente de directement prédire la valeur de DTW. Nous montrons que ces approches sont plus rapides que les autres approximations différentiables de DTW tout en obtenant des résultats similaires à l'utilisation de DTW dans des tâches de requêtage ou de classification de signaux du sommeil.Nous montrons ensuite que l'approximation siamoise peut être utilisée comme fonction de coût pour apprendre un système de compression des signaux de sommeil basé sur un autoencodeur. Nous justifions du choix de l'architecture du réseau par le fait qu'elle nous permet de faire varier le taux de compression. Nous évaluons ce système de compression par la classification sur les signaux compressés puis reconstruits, et montrons que les mesures usuelles de qualité de compression ne permettent pas de correctement évaluer la capacité d'un système de compression à conserver l'information discriminante. Nous montrons que nos approximations de DTW permettent d'obtenir de meilleures performances sur les données reconstruites que des algorithmes de compression usuels et que d'autres fonctions de coût de reconstruction.Enfin, pour étudier l'impact du COVID long sur l'insomnie, nous collectons et mettons à disposition de la communauté un jeu de données nommé COVISLEEP, constitué de polysomnographies de personnes ayant développé une insomnie chronique après infection du COVID, et de personnes souffrant d'insomnie chronique mais n'ayant pas été infectées par le virus. Nous comparons diverses approches à l'état de l'art pour classifier les états du sommeil, et utilisons la meilleure pour apprendre la détection de COVID long. Nous montrons la difficulté de la tâche, notamment due à la forte variabilité entre les patients. Ceci offre à la communauté un jeu complexe qui laisse place au développement de méthodes plus performantes
This manuscript presents the work carried out within the framework of the CIFRE thesis conducted in partnership between LITIS and Saagie and which is part of the PANDORE-IA project in association with the VIFASOM sleep center.Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals are very useful in helping experts identify various abnormalities like sleep disorders. Recently, the community has shown great interest in long COVID and its various impacts on sleep. However, these signals are voluminous: compression allows reducing storage and transfer costs. Recent compression approaches are based on autoencoders that use a cost function to learn. It is usually the Mean Squared Error (MSE), but there are metrics more suited to time series, particularly Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). However, DTW is not differentiable and thus can not be used as a loss for end-to-end learning.To solve this problem, we propose in this thesis two approaches to approximate DTW based on neural networks. The first approach uses a Siamese network to project the signals so that the Euclidean distance of the projected signals is as close as possible to the DTW of the original signals. The second approach attempts to predict directly the DTW value. We show that these approaches are faster than other differentiable approximations of DTW while obtaining results similar to DTW in query or classification on sleep data.We then demonstrate that the Siamese approximation can be used as a cost function for learning a sleep signal compression system based on an autoencoder. We justify the choice of the network architecture by the fact that it allows us to vary the compression rate. We evaluate this compression system by classification on the compressed and then reconstructed signals, and show that the usual measures of compression quality do not allow for a proper assessment of a compression system's ability to retain discriminative information. We show that our DTW approximations yield better performance on the reconstructed data than conventional compression algorithms and other reconstruction losses.Finally, to study the impact of long COVID on insomnia, we collect and provide the community with a dataset named COVISLEEP, containing polysomnographies of individuals who developed chronic insomnia after COVID infection, and of those suffering from chronic insomnia but who have not been infected by the virus. We compare various state-of-the-art approaches for sleep staging, and use the best one for learning the detection of long COVID. We highlight the difficulty of the task, especially due to the high variability among patients. This offers a complex dataset to the community that allows for the development of more effective methods

Introduktion: Den alarmerande spridningen av coronaviruset (COVID-19) utgör ett allvarligt hot mot nationer och samhällen runt om i världen (WHO, 2020). Risken för att bli svårt sjuk i covid-19 ökar med ålder. Viruset som orsakar covid-19 klassas som en infektionssjukdom och smittan sprids genom små droppar som skapas när en infekterad person hostar, nyser eller andas ut. Den påminner ofta om förkylning eller influensa med feber och hosta. Flera länder svarar genom restriktioner av icke-väsentliga aktiviteter och genom så kallade lockdowns eller rekommendationer samt med åtgärder som ska förhindra virusets framfart vilket varit ett viktigt verktyg tillsammans med smittspårning. Det har inneburit stora kostnader och negativ påverkanför både samhälle , den enskilde individen och i synnerhet de äldre. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka isoleringen och ensamhet påverkan på äldre individer under Covid-19 och dess konsekvenser för hälsa och välbefinnande. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie som inkluderade 11 vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade 2020–2021 som söktes i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Resultat: Resultatet uppvisar gruppens heterogenitet men även belyser det faktum att flertalet äldre rapporterar ökad ensamhet och oro som konsekvenser av rekommendationer och åtgärder under covid-19 pandemin. Slutsats: Det finns en ökad ohälsa bland äldre individer. Många har klarat sig positivt och anpassat sig, medan andra har upplevt försämrade känslor av ensamhet och med oförmåga att anta ny teknik för att underlätta social interaktion. Att identifiera äldre individer som upplever ihållande ensamhet under pandemin kan vara avgörande för att förbättra deras allmänna välbefinnande och minska risken för ytterligare ohälsa.
Introduction: The alarming spread of the coronavirus leading to COVID-19 posed a serious threat to nations and societies around the world (WHO, 2020). The risk of becoming seriously ill with COVID-19 increases with age. The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 is spread through small drops created when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. It is reminiscent of a cold or flu with fever, cough, and many other symptoms. Several countries responded by imposing restrictions on non-essential activities, lockdowns, and social distancingrecommendations, as well as others measures to prevent the virus's spread. These have been important tools along with infection tracing. However, this also has entailedhigh costs and a negative impact at the level of society, the individual and especially the elderly. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on isolation and loneliness among elderly and consequences for health and well-being. Method: A systematic literature study using the databases, PubMed and CINAHL, included 11 peer-reviewed articles published between 2020–2021. Results: The results showed that the impact of COVID-19 washeterogeneous among elderly and highlighted that most elderly people reported increased loneliness and anxiety as a consequence of national and global health recommendations and measures, such as mandated quarantine and social distancing, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: COVID-19 increased ill mental health among older individuals. Many have coped positively and adapted, while others have experienced worsening feelings of loneliness,especially due to an inability to adopt technologies to facilitate social interaction. Identifying elderly individuals who experience persistent loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic iscrucial to improve their overall well-being and reduce the risk of further ill mental and physical health.

The Covid-19 pandemic has made a major impact on organizations around the world since the outburst at the beginning of 2020. This has led the organization to let their employees work remotely from home. This situation has brought challenges for the employees which in turn have been forced to adapt to a new working environment. The uncertainty of the event may impact employee motivation. is to construct a model of not yet linked theoretical understandings that supports a simulation of potential future outcomes. Specifically, this paper draws a link between current understandings of employee motivation, employees’ adaptability to change. In order to simulate the current situation of the Covid-19 pandemic, this paper invites the notion of time and uncertainty into the equation. This to be able to demonstrate and understand how a new phenomenon can affect employees' motivation when they work from home for an extended period. The model proposes time as a non-self-healing process that instead risks impairing motivation if (a) self-regulatory activities are supporting the current motivation, and/or (b) the employee denies the change. In other words, there is no indication that the old saying 'time heals all wounds' fits in this context. In addition, the model indicates that the uncertainties derived from unexpected events drive employee's individual restraining forces. This paper contributes to the existing literature on employee motivation which previously lacked a framework for how motivation can be affected through unexpected change and extended work from home. This framework can also be used for future research where it will benefit from empirical data to further strengthen or develop the model.

La maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) est considérée depuis plus de 30 ans comme une pathologie de la mémoire empêchant l’apprentissage d’informations nouvelles en mémoire déclarative. Cependant, l’Histoire de la neuropsychologie rapporte des cas de patients présentant des capacités d’encodage résiduelles malgré une amnésie non-dégénérative avec des lésions pourtant proches de celles de la MA. Si les tâches de laboratoire échouent à montrer ces capacités dans la MA dès les stades légers en utilisant des stimuli verbaux et picturaux neutres, nous avons étudié dans quelle mesure la musique et d’autres types de stimuli artistiques peuvent permettre de les révéler dans des conditions plus écologiques, notamment par l’exposition passive répétée. En utilisant une échelle d’apprentissage construite pour étudier l’évolution du sentiment de familiarité dans la MA, nous avons pu révéler et décrire des apprentissages nouveaux chez ces patients à des stades modérés à sévères, ainsi qu’en inférer la nature au regard des modèles de mémoire classiques et contemporains. Pour finir, nous proposons de discuter en quoi la prise en compte de ces capacités pourrait changer les représentations associées à la MA, et améliorer l’accompagnement proposé aux patients et à leurs aidants familiaux et professionnels
For the past 30 years, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been considered as a crippling memory disorder impairing any possibility of new learnings in declarative memory. However, in the history of neuropsychology, cases of residual encoding have been reported with amnestic patients presenting different etiologies despite showing lesions very similar to AD. Although using neutral verbal and pictural items in laboratory settings failed to report preserved learning capacities from the mild stages, we investigated how using music and other artistic items in ecological settings may reveal these capacities in AD patients at a moderate to late stage, notably by passive repeated exposition. By relying on a behavioral scale designed to study the evolution of the sense of familiarity in these patients, we were able to show and describe new learnings in this population, and inferring their nature in view of both classical and contemporary memory models. Finally, we offer suggestions to discuss how acknowledging these capacities could change the way AD is perceived, and how it could help caring for people affected by it and their familial and professional caregivers

This research aims to understand how COVID-19 influences our way of working with regards to potential long-term effects. While muchresearch exists on the epidemiological consequences of COVID-19, its impact on the way of working has received less attention. The author wants to close that research gap by studying the impact on over all usage of remote work, decision-making and communication. Therefore, a survey with 220 participants split in two groups was conducted. The results of a direct analysis of means and a t-test statistic between the two groups reveal that the crisis did not significantly alter communication and decision-making patterns.

Dissertação de mestrado, Educação e Formação (Área de Especialidade em Desenvolvimento Social e Cultural), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2022
O crescente envelhecimento da população criou a necessidade de encontrar espaços para promover a continuação de uma vida ativa e digna na velhice. Realidade com poucas décadas em Portugal, a educação para os seniores tem apresentado um crescimento contínuo da aderência dos idosos em instituições como universidades seniores ou da terceira idade. Recorrendo a inquérito por questionário a discentes e entrevistas a docentes de uma universidade da terceira idade no município de Oeiras, com o presente trabalho pretendeu-se estudar os impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 numa instituição de ensino sénior, bem como as medidas e adaptações implementadas pela instituição no sentido de prosseguir em segurança as suas atividades, mas também as perspetivas dos seus alunos. Concluiu-se que as universidades seniores ou da terceira idade são instituições essenciais para a continuação da vida saudável e ativa do idoso, inclusive, ou mais ainda, para garantir interação e convívio em contextos pandémicos, como aconteceu com durante o período da Covid-19.
The increasing aging of the population created the need to find spaces to promote the continuation of an active and dignified life in old age. A reality with a few decades in Portugal, the education for seniors has shown a continuous growth in the adherence of the elderly to institutions such as senior universities or third age universities. Using a questionnaire survey to students and interviews with teachers from a third age university in the municipality of Oeiras (nearby Lisbon), the present work aimed to study the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic in a senior education institution, as well as the measures and adaptations implemented by the institution in order to safely pursue its activities, but also the perspectives of its students. It was concluded that senior or third age universities are essential institutions for the continuation of healthy and active life for the elderly, including, or even more, to guarantee interaction and conviviality in pandemic contexts, as happened during the Covid-19 period.

O envelhecimento populacional é um fenómeno social que obriga as sociedades atuais a elaborar estratégias e modelos de ação e liderança que vão ao encontro das necessidades apresentadas pela população. Foi neste contexto que a presente investigação, no âmbito do Mestrado em Ciências da Educação – Administração Educacional, incidiu na área social sénior, tendo como campo de análise a Universidade Sénior do Entroncamento, no distrito de Santarém. Integrada na tipologia de estudo de caso, o cariz desta pesquisa foi predominantemente qualitativo, embora o recurso à metodologia quantitativa também fosse imprescindível para o tratamento estatístico das variáveis qualitativas. Numa primeira fase a pesquisa bibliográfica norteou o desenvolvimento da temática e foi coadjuvada por uma pesquisa documental que compreendeu a análise legislativa e a consulta de documentos internos da Universidade sénior em apreço, assim como da missão global dos espaços direcionados ao acolhimento da população com mais idade. Para conseguirmos uma maior abrangência deste estudo, consideramos importante apreender a opinião e visão global de vários e distintos intervenientes naquele espaço: os utentes, os formadores e o coordenador. Como instrumento de coleta de dados elaboramos inquéritos por questionário que foram aplicados aos utentes, solicitando a sua opinião em relação às atividades desenvolvidas na USE, à respetiva liderança, ao impacto da Covid-19 no seu quotidiano e na sua decisão em retornar presencialmente àquela organização. Um instrumento similar foi realizado e aplicado aos formadores, para determinar a sua perceção quanto à liderança da instituição. O coordenador da instituição respondeu a uma entrevista semiestruturada, abordando temáticas relacionadas com a liderança em geral e mais especificamente, com a liderança que ocorreu durante o período de confinamento com a subsequente suspensão das atividades. Concluiu-se que a pandemia Covid-19 teve um grande impacto na vida dos utentes, dos formadores e na estratégia de liderança do coordenador. Constatou-se que os utentes estão satisfeitos com as atividades desenvolvidas e que sentem necessidade de voltar às rotinas normais e presenciais. A coordenação exerce uma boa liderança tendo em conta a opinião dos intervenientes da instituição. O coordenador realçou algumas dificuldades em relação à gestão de emoções e de pessoas, sendo esta mais sentida neste período de pandemia.
Population aging is a social phenomenon that forces current societies to develop strategies and action and leadership models that meet the needs presented by the population. It was in this context that the present investigation, within the scope of the Master Degree in Educational Sciences – Educational Administration, focused on the senior social area, having as its field of analysis the Senior University of Entroncamento, in the district of Santarém. Integrated in the case study typology, the nature of this research was predominantly qualitative, although the use of quantitative methodology was also essential for the statistical treatment of qualitative variables. In a first phase, the bibliographical research guided the development of the theme and was assisted by a documental research that included the legislative analysis and the consultation of internal documents of the senior University in question, as well as the global mission of the spaces aimed at welcoming the older population . In order to achieve a greater coverage of this study, we consider it important to capture the opinion and global vision of various and distinct actors in that space: users, trainers and the coordinator. As a data collection instrument, we developed a quiz surveys that were applied to users, requesting their opinion regarding the activities developed at USE, their respective leadership, the impact of Covid-19 on their daily lives and their decision to return in person to that organization . A similar instrument was carried out and applied to trainers to determine their perception of the institution's leadership. The coordinator of the institution responded to a semi-structured interview, addressing issues related to leadership in general and more specifically, to the leadership that occurred during the period of lockdown with the subsequent suspension of activities. It was concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic had a major impact on the lives of users, trainers and the coordinator's leadership strategy. It was found that users are satisfied with the activities developed and feel the need to return to normal and face-to-face routines. Coordination exercises good leadership taking into account the opinion of the institution's stakeholders. The coordinator highlighted some difficulties in relation to managing emotions and people, which is most felt in this pandemic period.

Soy Serrano es un proyecto en el que utilizo las herramientas del arte parte para abordar lo político desde lo personal -identidad- y desde lo colectivo -protesta ambiental-. Una parte que surge de un proceso individual de carácter autorreferencial, hace eje en la recolección de objetos de mi contexto serrano vinculándolos a mi persona, aproximándose a las operaciones canónicas del campo de las artes visuales contemporáneas. Por otro lado, un componente surge de la participación colectiva en la defensa de las Sierras de Córdoba ante el proyecto de una autovía de cuatro carriles. Estos dos procesos, aunque de diferente origen conceptual y por ende de resultados, se potencian entre sí para armar un discurso más potente en torno a un mismo tema: la relación que tenemos/hacemos con el medio ambiente. La reflexión, el pensamiento y el hacer me llevaron a generar una visión global de las relaciones entre la raza humana y el contexto en el cual habita.
Fil: Moyano Cortéz, Nehuén. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Artes. Departamento Académico de Artes Visuales; Argentina.

A crise pandémica constituiu um desafio para a realidade empresarial em Portugal, sobretudo no âmago das estratégias de comunicação. Num momento em que os cidadãos se depararam com um dever de recolhimento domiciliário, em virtude do decretamento do primeiro Estado de Emergência, também as empresas foram impelidas a proceder a ajustamentos nos modelos de comunicação utilizados. A venda de produtos e de serviços, nos moldes convencionais, deixou de constituir uma prioridade e ganharam destaque outros temas, como as questões de saúde pública. O presente estudo move-se, a título primacial, pelo objetivo de compreender se, decretado o primeiro Estado de Emergência em Portugal, houve uma mudança nos temas comunicados pela marca Super Bock e, caso tal tenha sucedido, indagar se, entre tais ajustamentos, foram associadas iniciativas de Responsabilidade Social Empresarial (RSE). O estudo de caso incide sobre a marca Super Bock e procurou apurar a estratégia comunicacional empreendida nas redes sociais Facebook e Instagram, no hiato temporal compreendido entre janeiro e junho de 2020, antes, durante e após o decretamento do primeiro Estado de Emergência em Portugal. Este estudo integra revisão sistemática da literatura e classificação das publicações realizadas pela marca no período em análise, com base nos modelos de Jansen et al. (2009) e de Kim et al. (2014). Os resultados foram complementados com os dados obtidos na entrevista realizada à Dra. Graça Borges, responsável pela comunicação da Super Bock. Os resultados mostram que o decretamento do Estado de Emergência a 18 de março de 2020 influenciou diretamente a forma como a marca de cervejas Super Bock se encontrava a comunicar durante e após o período de estudo, onde as mensagens passaram de uma componente emotiva para induzirem à realização de uma ação. Foi possível verificar também que, ao longo do período de confinamento, houve um aumento das mensagens que tinham como objetivo principal mobilizar os diferentes grupos de stakeholders para que estes reforçassem o seu papel social no combate à pandemia.
The pandemic crisis was a challenge for the business reality in Portugal, especially in the heart of communication strategies. At a time when citizens were faced with a duty of home collection, due to the decree of the first state of emergency, companies were simultaneously forced to make adjustments in their own communication models. The sale of products and services, in the conventional way, lost prominence and emphasis was given to other themes, such as public health issues. This study is aimed at understanding whether, after the decree of the first state of emergency in Portugal, there was any impact within the communication themes addressed by the national brand Super Bock. In such a scenario, it is crucial to comprehend if, among those adjustments, initiatives within the scope of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) may have played a role. In this sense, the case study focuses on the Super Bock beer brand and on the respective communication strategy undertaken on the social networks Facebook and Instagram, in the time gap that mediated between January and June 2020, before, during and after the decree of the first state of emergency in Portugal. This research covers a systematic review of the literature and the classification of publications made by the brand in the period under review is carried out based on the models adopted by Jansen et al. (2009) and by Kim et al. (2014. Such data is complemented by other empirical elements which were obtained from an interview with Dr. Graça Borges, the main responsible for communication at Super Bock. The results of this survey show that the decree of the State of Emergency on March 18, 2020 directly influenced the way the Super Bock beer brand was communicating both during and after the abovementioned period, having adjusted its approach based on an emotive component, which was intended to get followers to perform in a logic of "actioninducing". Therefore, it was possible to verify that, over the period of confinement, there was an increase in messages whose main objective was to mobilize different stakeholder groups so that they could reinforce their social role in combating the pandemic crisis.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário apresentado à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física
O Estágio Pedagógico é um momento de fulcral importância naquilo que é a formação do futuro docente. É neste período que o estudante em Ensino tem oportunidade de aplicar todos os seus conhecimentos e correspondentes capacidades num ambiente semelhante àquele que vivenciará na sua vida profissional. Através desta aplicação da teoria anteriormente aprendida, a um meio tão imprevisível quanto real, e com uma prática orientada, surge o ambiente fundamental para a existência de uma aprendizagem sustentada de conhecimentos relativos à docência. A realização deste relatório inclui-se nas unidades curriculares de Estágio Pedagógico e de Relatório de Estágio, presentes no 2º ano do plano curricular do Mestrado em Ensino da Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário (MEEFEBS), pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física, da Universidade de Coimbra. O estágio apresentado neste documento foi realizado na Escola Secundária da Infanta Dona Maria, na turma G, do 11º de escolaridade, no ano letivo de 2020/2021.Este trabalho está organizado em 3 grandes partes, que se exprimem no mesmo número de capítulos. Num primeiro momento, é realizado um enquadramento das práticas desenvolvidas, através da caraterização da escola, da turma e do contexto do estágio e da explicitação das expetativas iniciais existentes aquando do início deste Estágio Pedagógico. No segundo capítulo, expõe-se uma análise reflexiva acerca das práticas e das aprendizagens realizadas, tanto pelo professor estagiário como pelos alunos, ao longo do ano letivo. Aqui, é feita uma análise ao que foi feito, nomeadamente, no que toca às tarefas relativas ao planeamento, à realização (onde se inclui a intervenção pedagógica), e à avaliação. Neste capítulo estarão ainda presentes outros pontos, como por exemplo, as dificuldades sentidas ao longo do processo e questões dilemáticas. No último ponto, está aprofundado um tema problema no campo da intervenção da Educação Física. O tema é relativo às “Motivações dos estudantes do ensino básico e secundário para a Educação Física”, tendo sido um trabalho realizado ao longo do ano.
The Teacher Training is a moment of crucial importance in the formation of the future teacher. It is during this period that the student in Education has the opportunity to apply all his knowledge and corresponding skills in an environment similar to the one he will experience in his professional life. Through this application of the previously learned theory, to an environment as unpredictable as it is real, and with a guided practice, emerge the conditions for the existence of a sustained learning of knowledge related to teaching.The realization of this report is included in curricular units of Teacher Training and Teacher Training Report, both considered in the course syllabus (2nd year) of the Master in Physical Education Teaching at Basic and Secondary Level, of the College of Sciences of Sport and Physical Education from the University of Coimbra. The internship presented at this document was realized at Escola Secundária Infanta Dona Maria, Class G, of the 11th form, in the academic year of 2020/2021. This work is organized in 3 major parts, which are expressed in the same number of chapters. At first, a framework of the practices developed is carried out, through the characterization of the school, the class, the context of the internship and the explanation of the initial expectations existing at the beginning of this Teacher Training period. At the second chapter, is exposed a reflective analysis of the practices and learning carried out throughout the school year, both by the trainee teacher and by the students. Here, is made an analysis of what has been done, with regard to tasks related to planning, implementation (including pedagogical intervention), and evaluation. Still in this chapter, other points will also be addressed, such as, for example, the difficulties experienced during the process and dilemmatic issues.In the last point, it is approached a topic related to a field of Physical Education intervention. The theme is related to the “Motivations of students from basic and secondary education to Physical Education” and this was a study made throughout all the school year.