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1
Young, Vershawn Ashanti. "Straight Black Queer: Obama, Code-Switching, and the Gender Anxiety of African American Men." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 129, no. 3 (May 2014): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2014.129.3.464.
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Globe magazine featured a “world exclusive,” not even a year into Barack Obama's first term as president of the united states, charging him with homosexual infidelity and his wife, Michelle, with coordinating a cover-up (“Obama Gay Cover-Up!”). The magazine followed up two months later, asserting that Obama's lover resided in the White House and was none other than his personal aide, Reggie Love (“Obama's Gay Lover”). Globe, of course, is a dime-store rag whose mission is to sensationalize. I refer to it here because it is perhaps the most relentless among a slew of white-run media outlets that consistently and unfavorably queer Obama, amplifying his nonnormative masculine traits and then, on that basis, assigning him a deceitful, nonheteronormative sexuality.
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Highsmith, M. Jason, Jason T. Kahle, Molly Knight, Ayla Olk-Szost, Melinda Boyd, and Rebecca M. Miro. "Delivery of cosmetic covers to persons with transtibial and transfemoral amputations in an outpatient prosthetic practice." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 40, no. 3 (January 9, 2015): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364614564024.
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Background:Limb loss negatively impacts body image to the extent that functional activity and societal participation are affected. Scientific literature is lacking on the subject of cosmetic covering for prostheses and the rate of cosmetic cover utilization by cover type, gender, amputation level, and type of healthcare reimbursement.Objectives:To describe the delivery of cosmetic covers in lower limb prostheses in a sample of people with lower extremity amputation.Study design:Cross-sectional designMethods:Patient records from an outpatient practice were reviewed for people who received a transtibial or transfemoral prosthesis within a selected 2-year period.Results:A total of 294 records were reviewed. Regardless of the amputation level, females were significantly ( p ≤ 0.05) more likely to receive a cover. Type of insurance did not affect whether or not a cover was used, but Medicare reimbursed more pull-up skin covers.Conclusion:There were differences regarding cosmetic cover delivery based on gender, and Medicare reimbursed for more pull-up skin covers at the transtibial level than other reimbursors did. This analysis was conducted in a warm, tropical geographic region of the United States. Results may differ in other parts of the world based on many factors including climate and local views of body image and disability.Clinical relevanceCosmetic covering rates are clinically relevant because they provide insight into which gender is utilizing more cosmetic covers. Furthermore, it can be determined which type of covers are being utilized with greater frequency and which insurance type is providing more coverage for them.
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Popoli, Gary, and Angel Longus. "Gender Differences and the Five Facets of Conspiracy Theory." International Journal of Psychological Studies 13, no. 3 (August 30, 2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v13n3p64.
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Although research examining conspiracy theory beliefs has been examined, there is conflicting literature on the relationship between gender and conspiracy thinking. Before this study, little research has been conducted on the differences between males and females in each of the five facets of conspiracy theory. This study was designed to investigate differences in gender as they pertain to government malfeasance (GM), malevolent global conspiracies (MG), extraterrestrial cover-up (ET), personal well-being (PW), and control of information (CI). It was hypothesized that there are statistically significant differences between females and males when it comes to conspiracy theory beliefs for each of the five facets. Archival data from 2016 containing responses to the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale was analyzed. Results supported the main hypothesis of this investigation that significant differences do, in fact, exist between females and males in all five facets of conspiracy theory: government malfeasance, malevolent global conspiracies, extraterrestrial cover-up, personal well-being, and control of information. In addition, this study revealed that females score higher than males in all facets. In general, a computed total conspiracy belief score demonstrated that females (M = 45.10, SD = 15.07) were significantly higher than males (M = 42.13, SD = 15.90). Nevertheless, some recent research has reported that women were significantly less likely than men to engage in ‘conspiratorial thinking’ and endorse a conspiracy about the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. These findings may be suggesting a change in direction for gender differences and a need for further research.
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Kerimova, Irina. "Career Advancement and Gender Equity in Academia." Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR) 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 389–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v8i3.593.
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This paper aims at exploring gender equality in career advancement. The literature suggests that family impedes females’ career progression as in Uzbekistan females mostly prioritize child-rearing over career building. However, there is no evidence that single female academics are more successful in their careers than those with families. Meanwhile, males are more likely to have career progression due to the culture-bound domination of men over women. To conduct the research, 76 non-randomly selected academic staff of Westminster International University in Tashkent (WIUT) were surveyed via a questionnaire. The analysis found no statistically significant difference between female and male career advancement. Due to the time constraints as one of the limitations of the study, the research cannot cover a big population to conclude county-wide; notwithstanding, the present research is a steppingstone for further investigation on such a thrilling and up-to-date topic as gender equality
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Mortazavi, Shokoufe, Gholamreza Amirian, and Mohammadbagher Heidari. "Investigating the Success of Cover Flap in Patients with Bedsore." Journal of Molecular Biology Research 9, no. 1 (October 23, 2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmbr.v9n1p119.
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Objective: The high prevalence of bedsore creates many problems for the maintenance system and the patients, and in addition to spending high costs for treating ulcers, a lot of time is also dedicated to caring for them. The purpose of performing this study is to investigate the therapeutic results of recovering bedsore injuries by cover flaps.
Work Method: This study is of prospective type in which 85 patients with bedsore who had referred to Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah for treatment by muscle cover flaps during the years of 2016 to 2017, were followed up at time periods of 1 week, and 3 months after the discharge and in case of failure, they were recovered. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed by using statistical tests and SPSS version 22 software.
Results: The obtained results showed that the success percentage of recovering bedsores was significantly increased after one week, and 3 months by cover flaps (P <0.05). Also, the success percentage of recovering bedsores by cover flap after one week, and 3 months in terms of age, gender, and BMI of patients significantly shows an increase (P <0.05).
Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded from this study that using cover flaps leads to the success of recovering bedsores after 3 months of treatment, and the age, gender, and BMI variables of patients cannot be effective in this improvement process.
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Juško-Štekele, Angelika. "DEVIANCE IN LATGALIAN FOLK-TALES: GENDER ASPECT." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 26, 2017): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2017vol3.2346.
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The aim of the paper is to identify deviant patterns of behavior between wife and husband in Latgalian household folk-tales by rising those characteristic and action strategies, which in accordance with the public assessment are recognized as non-compliant for traditional gender roles. The empirical source of the research is Latgalian household folk-tails, which thematically cover a variety of relationship models peculiar for a family (husband and wife). For the analysis of a deviant feature developed in a story the author applied theory of social action established by the sociologist Talcott Parsons. In the context of a fairy-tale, the actors (a husband and a wife) should not be regarded as individuals in a sense of a separate person, but instead as representatives of the given gender. Therefore, the nature of their actions is not individual as well, but instead more culturally-historically determined, which in accordance with the folk theory proposed by Richard Dorson is “real situation and local environment”. Deviant behavior scenarios in fairy-tales allow to evaluate developmental tendencies of a family as an institute for a period starting with 20th century, when folk-tales chosen for the empirical source were written, up to nowadays, when in the form of strategic documents are raised such problems of family institutes as significant decline in the amount of registered marriages and increase of divorced marriages.
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Odrowaz-Coates, Anna. "Definitions of Sustainability in the Context of Gender." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 6862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126862.
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The notion of sustainability is of paramount importance for long-term survival; it is also about keeping up, moving on, and not jeopardizing the future of life on earth or the future itself. It is about tangible strategies for the reproduction and long-term existence of our own species that may be supported by the mundane everyday life practices and consumer or citizen choices that are often linked directly or indirectly to gender. Sustainable development relies on innovation and innovative social solutions. Without them, sustainability would not persist. This paper sets its research perspective within a systematic review of the literature and theory to develop a sustainability definition within the context of gender as a seed for sustainable innovation. This paper is divided into sections that cover various issues, such as: sustainability and gender in demographics (social justice, increase in number of pensioners, labor market); environment/ecology (education, ecofeminism); and corporate responsibility (consumer decisions and leadership). In each section, a definition is developed, being supported by evidence from existing studies and a discussion on how sustainability may be defined in the context of gender concludes the paper. The paper suggests that gender has a clear social impact, which constitutes a relevant and important seed for the achievement of sustainable development.
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Liddell, Christine, Jane Kvalsvig, Nina Strydom, Pumla Qotyana, and Agnes Shabalala. "An Observational Study of 5-year-old South African Children in the Year Before School." International Journal of Behavioral Development 16, no. 4 (December 1993): 537–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549301600402.
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This paper presents data from an observational investigation of 80 African children growing up at home in the year before school. Data cover aspects of social interaction, language use, activity patterns, and object utilisation. Gender differences are examined, and results are compared with those from observational studies of Euro-American children of similar age. These data provide baseline data on black South African children, about whom relatively little has been published, and offers insight into the everyday lives of preschool-aged children from the developing world.
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Villacampa-Morales, Ester, Maddalena Fedele, and Sue Aran-Ramspott. "YouTubers between postfeminism and popular feminism: Dulceida’s and Yellow Mellow’s construction and performance of gender identity." Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación 12, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/medcom.19602.
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Participatory culture (Jenkins, 2006) has opened up the possibility of prosumption for the youngest users, who use social media as a tool for building their (gender) identities. At the same time, as part of a juvenile digital culture they share with their audiences, influencers, and more specifically YouTubers, they act as role models in this process. While YouTube and other social media continue to reproduce the post-feminist sensibility, recent studies indicate that it also embraces manifestations of popular feminism. This research focuses on two popular female Spanish YouTubers, Dulceida and Yellow Mellow, and its aim is to analyse how they build and represent their gender identity. Particular emphasis is put on the negotiation and/or integration of feminist precepts into those identities, in order to determine whether they contribute to the creation of new gender imaginaries. A qualitative methodology, which includes four models of analysis, is used to cover the representations from the audio-visual, socio-semiotic and textual aspects. The results show a certain ambivalence regarding gender, since popular feminism and queer theory coexist with postfeminism, and values such as diversity with the acritical acceptance of individualism.
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Johnson, Janet Elise. "Pussy Riot as a feminist project: Russia's gendered informal politics." Nationalities Papers 42, no. 4 (July 2014): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2014.916667.
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This article considers Pussy Riot as a feminist project, placing their actions and the regime's reactions in the context of three post-9/11 developments in gender and sexuality politics in Russia. First, I assert that Pussy Riot's stunts are a logical reaction to the Kremlin's masculinity-based nation-rebuilding scheme, which was a cover for crude homophobic misogyny. Second, Pussy Riot is part of the informal feminism emerging in Russia, a response to nongovernmental organization (NGO) feminism and the regime's repression of NGO feminism, albeit likely to be outflanked by regime-supported thuggery. Third, the members of Pussy Riot were so harshly prosecuted because they - swearing, covered up and disloyal - violated the political cleaner role that the Kremlin has given women in the last few years. Feminist social scientists have long looked for politics outside of formal institutions and processes. The Pussy Riot affair makes clear how much gender is central to the informal politics that gender-blind observers of Russia have come to see as crucial to understanding Russia's regime.
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Nurhadi, Zikri Fachrul. "Presentasi Diri Grup K-pop Cross Cover Dance Grup EX(SHIT)." Commed : Jurnal Komunikasi dan Media 4, no. 1 (October 4, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33884/commed.v4i1.1394.
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Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh munculnya musik populer Korea yang memiliki daya tarik tersendiri di kalangan penggemarnya, sehingga menghasilkan proses peniruan terhadap apa yang dilakukan idolanya seperti dance cover. Meniru tarian silang gender dalam grup cross cover dance EX(SHIT), merupakan fenomena sosial yang belum banyak diketahui keberadaannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan model komunikasi tentang presentasi diri grup K-pop Cross Cover Dance pada Grup EX(SHIT) di Garut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Dramaturgi yang mempelajari tingkah laku manusia, tentang bagaimana manusia itu menetapkan arti kepada hidup serta pandangan bahwa ketika manusia berinteraksi, mengelola kesan pada orang lain. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan paradigma kontruksivisme. Sedangkan Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, studi pustaka, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para anggota cross cover dance EX(SHIT) memiliki aktivitas front stage (panggung depan) yang meliputi setting dan personal front (appearance dan manner), aktivitas middle stage (panggung tengah) berupa persiapan kostum, konsep tari, make up, dan gaya rambut yang sesuai dengan peran mereka, serta aktivitas back stage (panggung belakang) dalam kehidupan sosial di masyarakat sesuai dengan peran mereka masing-masing. Penelitian ini memberikan konstribusi kepada masyarakat, memiliki peran dalam mensosialisasikan nilai-nilai keberagaman dan toleransi sosial serta cara mereka mengkomunikasikan konten keberagaman kepada masyarakat.
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Hout, Michael. "Americans’ occupational status reflects the status of both of their parents." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 38 (September 4, 2018): 9527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802508115.
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American workers’ occupational status strongly reflects the status of their parents. Men and women who grew up in a two-earner or father-breadwinner family achieved occupations that rose 0.5 point for every one-point increase in their parents’ statuses (less if their father was absent). Gender differences were small in two-earner families and mother-only families, but men’s status persisted more when the father was the sole breadwinner. Intergenerational persistence did not change in the time the data cover (1994–2016). Absolute mobility declined for recent birth cohorts; barely half the men and women born in the 1980s were upwardly mobile compared with two-thirds of those born in the 1940s. The results as described hold for a socioeconomic index (SEI) that scores occupation according to the average pay and credentials of people in the occupation. Most results were the same when occupations were coded by different criteria, but SEI produced the smallest gender differences.
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Iwamoto, Sean J., Justine Defreyne, Micol S. Rothman, Judith Van Schuylenbergh, Laurens Van de Bruaene, Joz Motmans, and Guy T’Sjoen. "Health considerations for transgender women and remaining unknowns: a narrative review." Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism 10 (January 2019): 204201881987116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2042018819871166.
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Transgender (trans) women (TW) were assigned male at birth but have a female gender identity or gender expression. The literature on management and health outcomes of TW has grown recently with more publication of research. This has coincided with increasing awareness of gender diversity as communities around the world identify and address health disparities among trans people. In this narrative review, we aim to comprehensively summarize health considerations for TW and identify TW-related research areas that will provide answers to remaining unknowns surrounding TW’s health. We cover up-to-date information on: (1) feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT); (2) benefits associated with GAHT, particularly quality of life, mental health, breast development and bone health; (3) potential risks associated with GAHT, including cardiovascular disease and infertility; and (4) other health considerations like HIV/AIDS, breast cancer, other tumours, voice therapy, dermatology, the brain and cognition, and aging. Although equally deserving of mention, feminizing gender-affirming surgery, paediatric and adolescent populations, and gender nonbinary individuals are beyond the scope of this review. While much of the data we discuss come from Europe, the creation of a United States transgender cohort has already contributed important retrospective data that are also summarized here. Much remains to be determined regarding health considerations for TW. Patients and providers will benefit from larger and longer prospective studies involving TW, particularly regarding the effects of aging, race and ethnicity, type of hormonal treatment (e.g. different oestrogens, anti-androgens) and routes of administration (e.g. oral, parenteral, transdermal) on all the topics we address.
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Crespo, Esteban, Jesús Juan Ruiz-Navarro, Francisco Cuenca-Fernández, and Raúl Arellano. "Post-Eccentric Flywheel Underwater Undulatory Swimming Potentiation in Competitive Swimmers." Journal of Human Kinetics 79, no. 1 (July 10, 2021): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2021-0068.
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Abstract Underwater undulatory swimming (UUS) influences overall swimming performance, therefore swimmers should try to maximize it. This research aimed to: 1) assess the effects of an activation protocol based on post-activation performance enhancements upon UUS; and 2) evaluate the differences between males and females. Seventeen competitive swimmers (male = 10; female = 7) participated in a cross-sectional study designed to test performance in UUS at 10 m after a traditional swimming warm-up (TRA) and after adding to the TRA 4 maximal half-squat repetitions on an inertial flywheel device (PAPE). A speedometer and an electronic timing system were used to obtain kinematic variables such as time, frequency and velocity at 10-m, which were processed with MATLAB®. A paired sample t test was applied to determine the differences of the kinematic variables between the TRA and PAPE. An independent sample t test was used to determine the effects of the PAPE in males and females. Participants reduced the time to cover 10 m after PAPE compared to the TRA (males: 5.77 ± 0.44 to 5.64 ± 0.46; females 6.34 ± 0.80 to 6.09 ± 0.66; p < 0.05). In addition, trends towards improvements in UUS velocity were obtained for males and females. However, push-off velocity and frequency showed a different tendency between genders (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the warm-up including repetitions on the flywheel device improved UUS performance. Some differences were obtained between genders after PAPE. Further research should confirm if the benefits obtained after the eccentric overload would depend either on gender or on other components such as fiber type composition.
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Kucheryavyy, Yury A., Petimat R. Movtaeva, Oleg V. Zayratyants, Dmitrii N. Andreev, Rafik I. Shaburov, Elena V. Barkalova, and Igor V. Maev. "Efficacy of esophagoprotection with short periods of withdrawal of maintenance therapy with proton pump inhibitors in patients with Barrett's esophagus." Consilium Medicum 23, no. 5 (2021): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20751753.2021.5.200895.
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Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of esophagoprotection in covering up short periods of withdrawal of maintenance therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE). Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the data of patients with histologically verified BE who received outpatient PPI therapy for at least 12 months was carried out. This cohort was divided into two groups to compare depending on the treatment regimen received. The first group included only patients who take PPIs constantly, while the second group included patients who had periodic interruptions in taking PPIs. In the second group, we analyzed only cases where to cover up the periods of PPI withdrawal the patients used the esophagoprotector Alfasoxx (10 ml 4 times a day, after each meal and at night). In the cohort, demographic data (age, gender), risk factors, length of the BE segment, degree of dysplasia, number of relapses of erosive esophagitis, and the data of high-resolution manometry on movement disorders of the thoracic esophagus (ineffective motility and lack of contractility) were analyzed. Results. The study included 39 patients (28 men and 11 women) with histologically verified BE. The average age was 57,1538 years (95% confidence interval 53.4269–60.8808). The gender structure was dominated by men (n=28). The duration of BE history in the analyzed cohort was 5.6769 years (95% confidence interval, 4.6161–6.7378). The first group consisted of 23 patients who take PPIs constantly. The second group consisted of 16 patients who had periodic interruptions in taking PPIs, which were covered by the esophagoprotector Alfasoxx. In the analyzed cohort, there were no significant differences between the groups in the average length of the BE segment, the number of patients with a long BE segment, the degree of dysplasia, the number of relapses of erosive esophagitis, and the rate of movement disorders of the thoracic esophagus. Conclusion. In routine practice, there are reasons for the temporary withdrawal of PPIs in patients with BE, which requires the administration of course esophagoprotection to cover up the risks. The results of this retrospective comparative study demonstrate the effectiveness of this strategy.
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Nathane-Taulela, Motlalepule, and Mzikazi Nduna. "Young Women’s Experiences Following Discovering a Biological Father in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa." Open Family Studies Journal 6, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874922401406010062.
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In South Africa, it has been established that a high number and growing proportion of children are growing up without fathers in their lives. Research suggests that some children who grow up without their biological fathers seek to know them during adolescence. Some discover them whilst others never do. This paper aimed to investigate experiences of young women who discover their fathers during adolescence. We undertook a qualitative study in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa to understand experiences of children who grow up with absent fathers. We conducted face-to-face, gender-matched interviews with young women aged 15 to 26. Five case studies are presented here. We used Topical structural analysis to examine the narratives. Findings reveal that mother or someone else from the maternal family was instrumental in the disclosure of the father’s identity. Four topics that cover the resultant experiences in relation to the father were; a weak or no relationship formed, a positive relationship was formed, the child was disinterested or the mother barred regular visits to the father. This study concludes that the maternal family context, reasons for father absence, how the disclosure happened influence experiences that follow discovering one’s father. Forming a positive relationship with the father depended on the child and father’s common interest.
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Gagauz, Olga, and Valeriu Prohnitski. "GENDER PROFILE OF INCOME AND CONSUMPTION: EVIDENCE FROM THE NATIONAL TRANSFER ACCOUNTS OF MOLDOVA." Economy and Sociology, no. 1 (August 2022): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.es.2022.1-08.
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The use of the National Transfer Accounts (NTA) methodology has opened up the possibility of examining gender differences in income and consumption throughout the life cycle. This article presents the results of the study of the gender profile of income and consumption based on the NTA of Moldova for 2019. Moldova is characterized by a low level of employment of the population, low incomes and a high involvement of the population in international labor migration. Women's labor incomes are lower than men's throughout the life cycle, and the life cycle surplus is entirely formed by men, who are net donors to cover the life cycle deficit of other age groups during the working period. More than two-thirds of the economic life cycle deficit is held by women, and the gender gap in economic dependence was 22.7% - an additional share of the total labor income needed to finance women's economic dependence compared to the total labor income needed to finance men's economic dependence. Differences in the age profile of working income are due to the fact that women enter the labor market a little later than men, due to much higher enrollment rates in higher education institutions, as well as due to low participation in the labor market during the period associated with the birth and upbringing of children. The economic dependence of women is a reflection of the “gender contract” characteristic of Moldova, according to which a man and a woman participate in the labor market, but the woman still has most of the household chores.” It can be assumed that the problem of underestimation of income by the population in the household survey could cause an underestimation of the age profile of labor income, which, in turn, influenced the estimation of the size of the economic life cycle deficit.
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Khan, Astuti, and Gaurav Kumar. "Surveying consumer acceptance of textile products with fragrance finish: A detailed review." Tekstilna industrija 69, no. 4 (2021): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tekstind2104037k.
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Fragrance finishing of textiles is an area with untapped potential which has been growing at an enormous rate. The use of scents to change moods, evoke emotions and stimulate certain senses has been there for ages. Building up from that, textiles have started being infused with scents and used in domestic and industrial application. The purpose of this research is to cover all aspects of fragrance finishing. The literature review covers extensive topics like the basic concept of aromatherapy, needs of fragrance finishing, application methods and our current market scenario. The latter part of this study deals with a survey that sheds light on the research gap identified as lack of market awareness and acceptance. Chi-square was the statistical tool used for relating factors like gender, age group and income group to buying behaviour of people when it comes to fragrance finished textile products.
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Jasper, David. "In the Beginning Was the Word?" Biblical Interpretation 6, no. 3-4 (1998): 426–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851598x00093.
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AbstractLeo Steinberg's republished and much expanded work, The Sexuality of Christ in Renaissance Art and in Modern Oblivion, argues that the custom in Renaissance paintings of portraying the genitals of the Christ Child has a serious theological purpose which our word-based culture and tradition has consigned to 'oblivion'. His book has profound implications for the status of the visual image in theological reflection and the nature of the 'textuality' of art as it reads, and is read by, the textuality of the Bible. Furthermore, such images contribute to contemporary debates concerning gender and the nature of our response to images which may indicate different associations in different cultural circumstances. Steinberg's book is a major contribution to the interdisciplinary study of theology and art and the importance of 'seeing' what the niceties of 'modern oblivion' and our 'wordy culture' prefer to avoid or cover up.
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Ilmonen, Kaisa. "Identity politics revisited: On Audre Lorde, intersectionality, and mobilizing writing styles." European Journal of Women's Studies 26, no. 1 (April 8, 2017): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506817702410.
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‘Intersectionality’ has taken on a complex position in the field of feminist scholarship over the last decade. Debate on the concept has swung back and forth, from buzzword to harsh critique. Amid these discussions, many feminist scholars have thought about Audre Lorde and the role of her writings in the debates over intersectionality. Lorde’s radical literary feminism has often been seen both as reflecting a politics of identity, on the one hand, and as shifting and situational, on the other. Intersectionality has also been claimed either to be recycling the ideas of identity politics or to be forging new ways to grasp decentered identity positions and power structures. This article aims to tell a story about the roots of intersectionality through – and alongside – the legacy of Lorde’s feminism, by revisiting certain identity-political ideas. The radical nature of Lorde’s thinking is in many ways connected to politicized writing styles and rebellious literary forms. The main focus in this article is therefore extended to cover the role and implications of radical writing styles for intersectionality. The article argues that the oeuvre of telling the story of intersectionality through Lorde’s feminism opens up a new perspective on the genealogy of intersectionality.
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Browning, Matthew H. E. M., and Alessandro Rigolon. "School Green Space and Its Impact on Academic Performance: A Systematic Literature Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 3 (February 1, 2019): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030429.
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Background: Scholars and policymakers have criticized public education in developed countries for perpetuating health and income disparities. Several studies have examined the ties between green space and academic performance, hypothesizing that green space can foster performance, and, over time, help reduce such disparities. Although numerous reviews have analyzed the link between nature and child health, none have focused on academic achievement. Methods: We identified 13 peer-reviewed articles that examined associations between academic outcomes, types of green spaces, and distances in which green spaces were measured around schools. Results: Of the 122 findings reported in the 13 articles, 64% were non-significant, 8% were significant and negative, and 28% were significant and positive. Positive findings were limited to greenness, tree cover, and green land cover at distances up to 2000 m around schools. End-of-semester grades and college preparatory exams showed greater shares of positive associations than math or reading test scores. Most findings regarding writing test scores were non-significant, and moderation effects of socioeconomic status, gender, and urbanization showed mixed results. Conclusions: The extant literature on green space and academic performance is small, shows mixed results, and mostly includes articles using observational, school-level research designs. Regardless, there is sufficient evidence to warrant further research on this topic, including effect moderation and mechanistic pathways.
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Thompson, Bruce, and Bernard Obika. "Advancing Applied Research in High Volume Transport in Low-Income Countries in Africa and South Asia." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 16, 2020): 4088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104088.
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The Department for International Development (DFID) is funding the High Volume Transport (HVT) Applied Research Programme. This programme is an integral component of the UK response to delivering transport and mobility that is accessible, efficient, safe, and green in the low-income countries (LICs) in Africa and South Asia. The first part of the HVT programme produced an up-to-date and comprehensive state of knowledge on high volume transport in these countries. This Special Issue presents a selection of papers to cover key research priorities identified in road and rail transport, low carbon transport, and gender and inclusive transport. The state of knowledge has produced a sound basis for setting priorities for applied research in the second part of the programme. Applied research is directed to delivering high volume transport that contributes to economic growth and social development, and that is more resilient to the impact of climate change in LICs in Africa and South Asia.
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N.M.Y., Setyawati, Adnyani L.D.S., and Piscayanti K.S. "THE ANALYSIS OF EFL LEARNING STRATEGY OF THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS." Lingua Scientia 25, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/ls.v25i2.18828.
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This study aimed to describe about the learning strategies that the visually impaired students (VIS) used in learning EFL as what explained by Oxford (2005) that during a learning process, strategies used by the learners depend on their motivation, background, age, learning style, achievement, and gender. It was found that there are 6 strategies used, they are (1) cognitive such as practicing, repeating, getting idea, analyzing and reasoning, summarizing and translating; (2) metacognitive, they are paying attention to the lesson and showing evidence of understanding; (3) social strategy, they are empathizing with others, asking questions, asking for a review, asking for additional input, and asking for confirmation; (4) affective, by decreasing their anxiety; (5) memory, by making associations, contextualizing words, recalling, resorting to visual residue, wrapping up, and retaking previous ideas; (6) compensation, by overcoming limitations in speaking and writing, attempting to give an answer, and using language mixing. Thus, visually impaired students must be treated special to cover their needs with appropriate teaching strategies and facilities.
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Gonçalves, Soraya Geha, Edson Lopes Lavado, and Celita Salmaso Trelha. "Falls and associated factors among older workers in a university." Acta Fisiátrica 23, no. 2 (June 11, 2016): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v23i2a137620.
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Objective: To analyze factors associated with falls among older workers in a public university. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with workers aged 60 or more. A structured questionnaire was used to cover socio-demographic and occupational characteristics and the occurrence of falls over the last 12 months. Instruments used: Geriatric Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Sitting-Rising Test (SRT), Gait Speed, Static Balance, and Grip strength. Results: The study included 254 older workers, 76% belonged to the age group between 60-64 years and 58.7% were male. The sample was divided into two groups, fallers and non-fallers, and the prevalence of falls over the last twelve months was 21.3% ± 2.72 (95% CI = 15.92-26.58). There was a significant association between falls and gender (p = 0.043), hospitalization over the last 12 months (p = 0.000), and gait speed (p = 0.007). In the Poisson regression model the three variables remained associated with falling: male gender (PRaj = 0.62, CI = 95% 0.40-0.98); suitable gait speed (PRaj = 0.46, CI = 95% 0.26-0.81), and hospitalization over the last 12 months (PRaj = 2.79, CI = 95% 1.80-4.32). Conclusion: The study identified a lower prevalence of falls in this group and found a positive relationship between work and the aging process, which proves that seniors who keep on working are healthier than the general population of the elderly
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Nwobodo, Tonia Nkiru, and Bright Emeka Ogbuene. "Effects of sand mining on land use/land cover on river environment in developing countries: A case study of Ava River in Enugu State, Nigeria." IKENGA International Journal of Institute of African Studies 22, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53836/ijia/2021/22/3/003.
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Sand mining contributes immensely to economic development. However, this activity when carried out in a river environment can affect the land use and land cover of the area. The study objectives include mapping, quantifying and assessing the landuse/land cover (LULC) changes of Ava River from 2007 to 2019 and projection from 2020 to 2025 and 2031. The paper discusses pre-existing LULC maps from the past (2007, 2013 and 2019), present (2020-2025) and near future (2026-3031). The study used Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing data to estimate the changes in LULC of the study area in the various periods. The images were classified using a supervised classifier yielding three LULC maps of the Ava River environment. The classification grouped the area into six main LULC types. The result showed no change detection in the built-up area from 2007 to 2013 but increased by 26.15% in 2019. The mining area increased by 8.19% from 2007 to 2019.Riverbank also increased by 12.81% from 2007 to 2019.The correlation analysis used showed a positive relationship between the built-up area and sand mining as well as the river bank morphology. In 2019, sand mining activities in the Ava River site covered an area of approximately 389325.60 m2 and it was predicted that in 2025 and 2031, the affected area would increase to 485397.12m2 and 611753.52m2 respectively. The study reveals that sand mining activities in the Ava River environment are causing the river bank to widen. This may have an adverse effect on the erected buildings very close to the riverbank in the near future if not controlled. The study showed significant change detection across the periods. These detected changes would serve as a scientific basis upon which decisionmakers can design policy guidelines on sand mining, river environment protection, conservation and management in developing countries.
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Aarseth, Helene, and Bente Marianne Olsen. "Maskulinitet, imagination och livssammanhang. Att nå förändringspotentialer hos män." Tidskrift för genusvetenskap 25, no. 1-2 (June 15, 2022): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.55870/tgv.v25i1-2.4090.
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The article discusses theoretical and methodical approaches to masculinity and social change. The authors argue that a Nordic critical research on men and masculinities should develop analytical tools that enable us to grasp potentials for change in what they call "normal male" life patterns. Changes in Nordic masculinities are not necessarily attached to experiences of subordination or marginalisation in relation to a hegemonic masculinity. We should also seize potentials for change in the tensions generated within men's life world and their structural position in the gendered division of work. In this light, alternative approaches to seize the social change that are generated within the process of men's intimate life patterns are discussed. The authors point at two theoretical approaches that enable us to grasp the dialectic between limitations and possibilities of "normal male" life patterns. The first approach is the concept of manliness - unmanliness, which catches the opposed paradox between preserving the conception of manliness and the fear of giving it up and take up new life patterns. This is gathered in the meaning of "fear of falling". The other approach is based on the concept of social imagination developed by the German sociologist Ulrike Prokop. This concept has been redefined to cover men's perception of their own subjective needs and to explain - in relation to intimate life patterns - the potential longing for creating new practices of the gender division of labour. Methodically, the article points at a qualitative approach where several narrative spaces are established in the individual interview to ensure a dialogue between the interviewee and the interviewerabouttheunderstandingofthediscrepancies of the different descriptions of the interviewee himself.
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Popović, Dragan, Dragana Mitić, Jasna Popović, Evagelija Boli, Evdokia Samouilidou, and Milan Dolga. "FACTOR ANALYSIS AS OPTIMAL METHOD IN DETERMINING MOTORIC ABILITIES AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE, HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELLNESS OF PERSPECTIVE JUDOKAS." Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport 16, no. 1 (July 24, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fupes170927010p.
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The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the possibilities of physical education for children with health problems and the current status in boys and girls. Understanding the concept of impaired health is a precondition for the realization of the training process and possible integration in the process of physical education, according to the structure of health disadvantages. Quality of life assessment is performed on three levels. The first level are items that are given in the form of a statement. On the second level, item-like particles are observed in the sub-segments (scales that cover different dimensions of health and quality of life). The raw scores of each scale are transformed into standardized ones with a possible value of 1-4, which facilitates the interpretation of the results. The third level represents total physical and psycho-social health. Up to this level, there are certain mathematical procedures, based on the individual scale scores. Comparative analyses in regard of the cultural and gender specificities are provided, based on MANOVA and DISCRA analyses, within the introductory part, and 11 scales of the Questionnaire. Analysis of the data point out major differences in the possibility of physical activity application in children with medical conditions, with a special overview of boys and girls from diverse cultural and social backgrounds, in Serbia and the Northern Aegean region of Greece.
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Xiao, Guobei, Zhuoting Zhu, Xin Xiao, Zachary Tan, Ke Cao, Xianwen Shang, Karl D. Brown, Guofu Huang, Lei Zhang, and Mingguang He. "Geographical Inequality on Cataract Surgery Uptake in 200,000 Australians: Findings from the “45 and Up Study”." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (September 16, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9618912.
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Using a geographical information system (GIS), we investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of a cataract surgery service and its association with socioeconomic factors and private insurance, based on 10-year real-world medical claim data in an Australian population. The data collected cover a decade (2007–2016) from the “45 and Up Study”. A total of 234,201 participants within the cataract surgery service were grouped into 88 Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3s) according to their residential postcodes in New South Wales Australia. We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations and geographical distribution inequality in cataract surgery incidence and its respect to socioeconomic status (SES) and private health insurance coverage by Spearman correlation analysis and Moran’s I test. Then these variations were intuitive displayed by six-quartile maps and a local indicator of spatial association (LISA) maps based on GIS. The average cumulative age-gender-standardized of the incidence of cataract surgery (ICS) was 8.85% (95% CI, 5.33–15.6). Spatial variation was significant (univariate Moran’s I = 0.45, P = 0.001) with incidence gradually decreasing from the coastal regions to the north-western inland regions, suggesting inequality in the cataract surgery service across the state of New South Wales. Notably, clustering of the low incidence areas had gradually disappeared over the decade, suggesting that the cataract surgery service has improved over time. Low scores on the “index of socioeconomic disadvantages” (IRSD) and high private health insurance coverage were significantly associated with a higher incidence of cataract surgery (bivariate Moran’s I = −0.13 and 0.23, P < 0.01; Spearman correlation r = 0.25 and −0.25, P = 0.02), which is displayed on the map visually and obviously. Spatiotemporal variations in the incidence of cataract surgery are significant, but the low incidence area had gradually disappeared over time. High socioeconomic status and private insurance contribute to a higher incidence of cataract surgery in Australia.
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Bhartiya, Shibal, Nishant Kumar, and Meenakshi Wadhwani. "Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in West India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20215014.
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Background: After almost a year of the COVID-19 pandemic, economies around the world are opening up. However, with newer, more virulent strains being reported across the globe, the efficacy of vaccines has also come into question, and regulatory authorities are emphasising once again, the importance of mask use and social distancing. The aim of the study was to understand the knowledge, attitude and practice towards wearing of masks during this pandemic.Methods: This was a non-interventional, questionnaire based, cross sectional study conducted in urban slums in Mumbai, India. A validated questionnaire was administered to those who volunteered to be part of the study, during sero-survey in the slum area. Results: A total of 1342 participants were included in the study. An overwhelming 1232 (91.8%) knew that masks should cover both nose and mouth. Almost 72% claimed to wear their face masks more than 50% of the time when outside their homes, while 27.5% used them only when in crowded places. Interestingly only 3% said they did not wear masks at all. 86% subjects were of the opinion that cloth masks should be washed daily, and 5% said it should be washed once every two days. There was a significant association with the knowledge regarding proper usage and cleaning of mask, and age, gender and occupation.Conclusions: The knowledge and attitude towards wearing and care of masks reveals that there was a significant association between proper usage and cleaning of masks and age, occupation, literacy and income.
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Al-Barghouthi, Samar Jawdat. "Women in Leadership Positions, Road to Success, A Case Study, Bahrain." Case Studies in Business and Management 4, no. 2 (August 14, 2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/csbm.v4i2.11274.
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Bahrain is a Muslim Arab tribal society, where women play a significant role in the countries’ development, and the number of female business leaders is increasing rapidly. Understanding the circumstances that brought these women to the forefront of business in their country will lead to constructing a better business environment for women in the future. The aim of this study is to explore these women in terms of: the secret behind their successes, their beliefs, and motivation towards leadership. The study tries to identify the “gap” in the scholarly literature on Bahraini women in business, and to provide in-depth data on female leaders in the region.The study employs the inductive approach, using an in-depth qualitative open-ended interview, developed and based on the contingency leadership theory. And the Weber framework of authority.The results indicate that the main factors contributing to the success of women leaders are social status, cultural, gender, struggle, and difficulties from women leaders’ point of view. This is a pilot study for further in-depth quantitative research in Bahrain and the GCC countries. This study is made up of eight samples. It is anticipated that future comparative research will be extended to a further quantitative study to cover a wider sample of Bahrain and GCC countries.The paper is considered as one of the first to discuss the factors affecting the success of businesswomen in Bahrain, rather than the factors that empower them.
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abuhegazy, H., H. Elkeshishi, A. Kamel, A. Ismail, K. Sherra, N. Saleh, K. A. Azim, and D. Mokhtar. "Longitudinal effect of depression on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A 3-years prospective study." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S404—S405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1461.
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Objectiveto examine the longitudinal effect of depression on glycemic control in a sample of patients with type 2 diabetes.Methodsthe patients were recruited from diabetes clinic in Saudi airlines medical center, in Jeddah, the base line study community consisted from 172 patients with type 2 diabetes. They were assessed for depression using BDI II, and diagnostic interview, and for diabetic control using HbA1c. We created a person-period data set for each patient to cover 6 months intervals up to 3 years. We used generalized estimation equation (GEE) for analysis of longitudinal data. HbA1C was the response variable while depression and time were the main covariates. Variables were included in GEE models based on clinical importance and preliminary analysis. Other variables included as covariates were gender, education, duration of diabetes, co-morbidity and LDL. All statistical analysis used α = 0.05 level of significance and were performed using SPSS software version 21.ResultsUnadjusted HbA1c means were significantly higher in depressed vs. non-depressed subjects at all time points. The adjusted HbA1c means in final GEE model were significantly higher in depressed vs. non-depressed subjects. In all adjusted models depression was a predictor of glycemic control weather it was BDI score (estimate = .049, P = .002), diagnoses of MDD (estimate = 2.038, P = .000), or other depressive diagnosis (estimate = 1.245, P = .000).ConclusionThis study on clinical sample of type 2 diabetic patients demonstrates that there is a significant longitudinal relationship between depression and glycemic control and that depression is associated with persistently higher HbA1c over time.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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van den Hurk, Corina, Martin W. Dercksen, J. W. R. Nortier, and Wim Breed. "Learning from best scalp cooling practices in a registry: Differences in results from n>7000 patients with solid tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 11610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.11610.
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11610 Background: Hair loss is a frequently occurring and stigmatizing side effect of chemotherapy. Worldwide scalp cooling is being introduced to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA). In the Netherlands scalp cooling is implemented in many hospitals since 2005. FDA clearance has been approved for scalp cooling among breast cancer patients in the USA in 2016. Recently approval has been expended for solid tumors. Methods: In a prospective, longitudinal registry data have been collected between 2006 and 2017. Patients could be included if they received chemotherapy that induced severe alopecia, regardless type of solid tumor, stage of disease, age, gender or receiving adjuvant or palliative treatment. Patients were eligible for evaluation of hair loss after they received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy or if they ceased scalp cooling because of severe hair loss after the first cycle. Failure was defined as feeling the need to use a wig or head cover. Data will be presented using descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis to explore determinants of scalp cooling efficacy per largest groups of chemotherapy regimen, and evaluate variety between hospitals. Results: Preliminary results show data of 7378 patients from 68 hospital locations of whom 75% had breast cancer and 8% prostate cancer. Overall 57% of patients did not feel the need to wear a wig or head cover. Variation was observed between hospitals in scalp cooling procedures: e.g. wetting the hair (0-100% of patient) and cooling- and infusion times that varied per type of chemotherapy. Also results varied between hospitals per type and dose of chemotherapy (n > 10 patients), e.g. minimal 37% and maximal 86% success rates between hospitals for paclitaxel-carboplatin (n = 498), 17-54% success for irinotecan monotherapy (n = 275), 25-79% success for 5FU/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide-docetaxel (n = 843) and 79-94% for docetaxel monotherapy (n = 824). Also variation in satisfaction with information about scalp cooling and nursing expertise was observed. Results from the regression analyses will be presented at the conference. Conclusions: Scalp cooling efficacy varied enormously between hospitals. A registry is a useful tool to identify best practices and to provide guidance to further improve results. An international registry has been set up to also collect data on CIA among scalp cooled and non-scalp cooled patients in the USA, Australia and the UK.
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Sharma, Himanshu, Bharti Sharma, and Nisheet Patel. "Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Adolescents." Adolescent Psychiatry 9, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210676608666181031105706.
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Background and Objectives:Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is characterized by an abnormal preoccupation with alleged misshapen body parts. There is often poor insight and effort is made to hide the imagined defects, and consultation may be sought seeking unnecessary cosmetic surgery or procedures. It is underdiagnosed and established treatment protocols are lacking. The disease has a chronic and undulating course and is seriously compromises quality of life. Despite the fact that the prime age of onset of BDD is during adolescence relatively little has been written about it during this phase of life. This review aims to comprehensively cover the present understanding of BDD, including clinical features, epidemiology, psychopathology, nomenclature, comorbidity and management.Methods:A literature search was undertaken using suitable key words on Google Scholar, MEDLINE & PsychoINFO up to June 2018 limited to articles in English.Results:he prevalence of BDD is variable in the general and psychiatric population with equal gender distribution. Both sexes are equally affected. It is associated with poor functioning and a chronic course. There is considerable comorbidity and diagnostic overlap between BDD and obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, social anxiety disorder, anorexia nervosa, schizophrenia spectrum disorders and personality disorders. Psychiatric consultation is often late. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) are currently the first line modalities for treatment. Internet based CBT, Acceptance and commitment therapy, and repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) are emerging treatment options.Conclusions:BDD is a complex disorder with still lot of uncertainty about its diagnostic placement, treatment approaches, especially for refractory patients, and prognosis. Further study is needed to clarify its prevalence, especially in adolescents; to fully understand its neurobiological aspects, to determine its exact relation to obsessive compulsive related disorders, and to develop better treatment approaches.
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Arutyunova, Elena V., Elena V. Beshenkova, and Olga E. Ivanova. "Uppercase and Lowercase Letters in Proper Names, Pseudonyms, Nicknames: Academic Rules of Russian Spelling." Вопросы Ономастики 19, no. 2 (2022): 208–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2022.19.2.024.
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The article proposes a detailed rule for the use of uppercase and lowercase letters in proper names, pseudonyms, and nicknames. It follows the systemic principle of personal names’ spelling under which a capital letter is used to mark the individualizing components of an anthroponymic pattern. The latter may also include various components written with lowercase letters such as function words (including untranslatable foreign prepositions, conjunctions, articles; common words indicating degree of kinship, gender, age) and definitions denoting social status, serving to impart courtesy, etc. The rule does not change the existing written norms while introducing the new ones to cover the structural types of names, nicknames, and pseudonyms that previously were not regulated at all or regulated only partially and inconsistently. The main rule is supplemented by a sub-rule exception on the spelling of names that are prepositional-case combinations or verb combinations, and a note introducing the correlation between capitalization in compound names and the writer’s understanding of the proper name’s delimitation (chicken Ryaba, Kurochka Ryaba). It also includes a paragraph applying to the following difficult cases: 1) ambiguous functional and semantic interpretation of words that make up the anthroponymic formula, 2) proper names used as appellatives (Mantoux test — to do a mantoux), 3) changing a surname spelling to single out a particular member of the family (for Romance and other European languages) (van Gogh — Van Gogh) or a general change in the spelling tradition (van de Velde — Vandevelde, la Grange — Lagrange), 4) rendering modern and historical names from Arabic and related languages, namely structural elements (the article al and its variants), kinship terms (ibn, bin, zade, ogly ‘son’, bint, kyzy, kyz ‘daughter’, but Abu ‘father’, Umm ‘mother’), terms of social status (aga, bey, murza, pasha), 5) rendering Chinese names.
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Lopez-Fernandez, Olatz. "Generalised Versus Specific Internet Use-Related Addiction Problems: A Mixed Methods Study on Internet, Gaming, and Social Networking Behaviours." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (December 19, 2018): 2913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122913.
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The field of technological behavioural addictions is moving towards specific problems (i.e., gaming disorder). However, more evidence of generalised versus specific Internet use-related addiction problems (generalised pathological Internet use (GPIU) vs. specific pathological Internet use (SPIU)) is still needed. This mixed methods study aimed to disentangle GPIU from SPIU. A partially mixed sequential equal status study design (QUAN→QUAL) was undertaken. First, through an online survey, which adapted the compulsive Internet use scale (CIUS) for three types of problems (i.e., generalised Internet use, and specific online gaming and social networking). Second, potential problem users’ perceptions of the evolution of these problems (aetiology, development, consequences, and factors) were ascertained, through semi-structured interviews, together with their opinion on present Internet gaming disorder (IGD) criteria adapted to each problem studied. Findings showed the CIUS remains valid and reliable for GPIU and SPIUs examined; a prevalence between 10.8% and 37.4% was estimated for potential at-risk problem gamers and Internet users, respectively, who reported their preference for maintaining their virtual lives. Half of the sample had a risk of a unique or mixed profile of these problems. Moreover, device patterns, gender, and age issues emerged, such as problem gamers being proportionally equal male and female young or middle-aged adults. GPIU was highly associated with problem social networking use, and weakly with problematic gaming, but both SPIUs were independent. Concerning addictive symptoms, salience, deception, and tolerance required redefinition, especially for SPIUs, while better-valued IGD criteria applied to GPIU and SPIUs were: Risk relationships or opportunities, give up other activities, withdrawal, and continue despite problems. Thus, although problems studied are present as risk behaviours, SPIUs seem to cover the addictive symptomatology in those categorised as potential problem users, online gaming being the most severe behavioural addiction problem.
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Pazdan, Sylwia. "The impact of weather on bicycle risk exposure." Archives of Transport 56, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5629.
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Traffic volume is the main independent variable of risk exposure in road safety models. Cyclists as a vulnerable road users are more exposed to weather conditions than e.g. car drivers. As a result, their decision of whether to cycle is strongly related to weather conditions. It suggests that any change in the weather may have a significant effect on bicycle use. Objective of the paper was to indicate which weather parameters have a significant impact on bicycle use, how a change in weather parameters affects the change in bicycle volume (risk exposure) and, consequently, predicted number of crashes with cyclists and which factors differentiate the impact of weather conditions on bicycle volume. The impact of weather on bicycle volume variability was estimated based on literature review. The Web of Science, Scopus and TRID databases were searched. Finally, 33 papers from 1977 up to 2020, different in terms of the methodology used, country of origin, and analyzed group of cyclists, were reviewed. The impact of change in weather conditions on the predicted number of crashes with cyclists was estimated using own road safety models and previous research results. Results indicate that air temperature, precipitation, sunshine, cloud cover, humidity, and wind strength, have a significant influence on bicycle use. The impact of the weather on bicycle volume differs between different cyclists’ groups (different levels of experience, age, gender), trip motivations (recreational, commuting, etc.) and locations (countries, cities, climate zones). The paper shows complexity of impact of weather conditions on cycling and sensitivity of relationship between weather conditions and bicycle volume (i.e. risk exposure) and, as a consequence, bicycle safety. Results indicate that weather conditions should always be taken into consideration when analyzing cycling, especially in road safety analysis. The discussion of presented research results, research methods used with their limitations, and recommendations for future research were described.
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Ratumakin, Paulus Adrianus K. L., and Hendrikus L. Kaha. "Pengakuan Formal dan Pemenuhan Hak Nelayan." JAP UNWIRA 1, no. 1 (March 6, 2020): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/jap.v1i1.425.
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The Fisherman Card as a proof fisherman identity is a form of formal recognition of the existence and rights of the fishermenby the state. The implementation of the fisherman card from Jakarta up to remote areas is regulated in the Decree of theMinister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries No.16 of the year 2016 on the Fisherman Card. The government through theMinistry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, c.q. the Provincial Office as well as the Municipality Office of Marine Affairsand Fisheries are targeting that the whole fishermen in this area would hold the fisherman card. Since its launching in2013 until the implementation of the Ministerial Regulation on the Fisherman Card, many fishermen have not received thefisherman card while those who hold the card do not understand the function of the card. The Kupang Municipality up to the144JAP UNWIRA, Vol. 1, No. 1, Januari - Juni 2020mid of 2017 has covered only 26.74 percent of the fishermen as card recipients. This research utilizes the Dunn theoreticalframework that covers the aspects of effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equality, responsiveness, and correctness to analyze theimplementation of Fisherman Card in Kupang Municipality. The research period that started from June through September2017 in five coastal villages (Nunbaun Sabu, Nunbaun Delha, Pasir Panjang, Oesapa, Lasiana) found that 73.26 percentof the fishermen had not possessed the Fisherman Card. Worse even, the card holders did not understand the purpose of thecard. The low percentage of card ownership is considered as caused by inadequacy of technical apparatus and human resourcesthat could not cover the whole fishermen of Kupang Municipality. The Fisherman Card is also gender-biased in that itaccommodates only fisherman as narrowly defined by the Law No.7 of 2016 as a person whose occupation is catching fish. TheFisherman Card neglects the pre and post activities of fish catching as well as of salt farmers, most of which are female works.The halfhearted recognition by state of the existence of fishermen who are involved in every link of the marine and fisherywork-chain is nothing but an indicator of the state’s absence to fulfill the rights of fishermen, and of fisherwomen in particular.
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Connolly, Clara, Lynne Segal, Michèle Barrett, Beatrix Campbell, Anne Phillips, Angela Weir, and Elizabeth Wilson. "Feminism and Class Politics: A Round-Table Discussion." Feminist Review 23, no. 1 (July 1986): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fr.1986.18.
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In December 1984 Angela Weir and Elizabeth Wilson, two founding members of Feminist Review, published an article assessing contemporary British feminism and its relationship to the left and to class struggle. They suggested that the women's movement in general, and socialist-feminism in particular, had lost its former political sharpness. The academic focus of socialist-feminism has proved more interested in theorizing the ideological basis of sexual difference than the economic contradictions of capitalism. Meanwhile the conditions of working-class and black women have been deteriorating. In this situation, they argue, feminists can only serve the general interests of women through alliance with working-class movements and class struggle. Weir and Wilson represent a minority position within the British Communist Party (the CP), which argues that ‘feminism’ is now being used by sections of the left, in particular the dominant ‘Eurocommunist’ left in the CP, to justify their moves to the right, with an accompanying attack on traditional forms of trade union militancy. Beatrix Campbell, who is aligned to the dominant position within the CP, has been one target of Weir and Wilson's criticisms. In several articles from 1978 onwards, and in her book Wigan Pier Revisited, Beatrix Campbell has presented a very different analysis of women and the labour movement. She has criticized the trade union movement as a ‘men's movement’, in the sense that it has always represented the interests of men at the expense of women. And she has described the current split within the CP as one extending throughout the left between the politics of the ‘old’ and the ‘new’: traditional labour movement politics as against the politics of those who have rethought their socialism to take into account the analysis and importance of popular social movements – in particular feminism, the peace and anti-racist movements. In reply to this debate, Anne Phillips has argued that while women's position today must be analysed in the context of the capitalist crisis, it is not reducible to the dichotomy ‘class politics’ versus ‘popular alliance’. Michèle Barrett, in another reply to Weir and Wilson, has argued that they have presented a reductionist and economistic approach to women's oppression, which caricatures rather than clarifies much of the work in which socialist-feminists have been engaged. To air these differences between socialist-feminists over the question of feminism and class politics, and to see their implications for the women's movement and the left, Feminist Review has decided to bring together the main protagonists of this debate for a fuller, more open discussion. For this discussion Feminist Review drew up a number of questions which were put to the participants by Clara Connolly and Lynne Segal. (Michèle Barrett was present in a personal capacity.) They cover the recent background to socialist-feminist politics, the relationship of feminism to Marxism, the role of feminists in le ft political parties and the labour movement, the issue of racism and the prospects for the immediate future. The discussion was lengthy and what follows is an edited version of the transcript.
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Trad, Nicolas Karim, Michael J. Hassett, Fang Zhang, and J. Frank Wharam. "Impact of high-deductible health plans on delays in metastatic cancer diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 6503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.6503.
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6503 Background: High-deductible health plans (HDHPs) have grown rapidly in recent years, and now cover over one-half of U.S. workers. Patients in HDHPs are liable for the costs of all cancer-related care until their annual deductible is met, with the exception of screening tests such as colonoscopy and mammography. Due to increased out-of-pocket obligations, patients may postpone presenting for concerning symptoms or diagnostic testing, leading to delayed diagnosis. We therefore assessed the impacts of HDHPs on the timing of metastatic cancer detection. Methods: Using a nationally representative cohort of privately insured members in a national commercial and Medicare Advantage database (2003-2017), we studied 345,401 individuals age 18-64 years whose employers mandated a switch from a low-deductible (≤$500) plan to a high-deductible (≥$1,000) plan. Our control group consisted of 1,654,775 contemporaneous individuals whose employers offered only low-deductible plans. Both groups had a 1-year baseline period when all members were enrolled in low-deductible plans, and we followed members for a maximum of 13.5 years. Participants were matched with respect to age, gender, race/ethnicity, morbidity (ACG) score, poverty level, geographic region, employer size, baseline primary cancer, baseline medical and pharmacy costs, and follow-up duration. We used a validated claims-based algorithm to detect incident metastatic cancer diagnoses. We assessed time to metastatic cancer diagnosis in the baseline period (pre-HDHP switch) and follow-up period (post-HDHP switch) using a weighted Cox proportional hazards model. Results: After matching, there were no systematic differences between the HDHP and control groups with regard to observable baseline characteristics (standardized differences < 0.1). The mean age of participants was 42 years and the mean ACG score was 0.75. 49% were female, 48% lived in low-income neighborhoods, and 62% were White. We detected 1,668 metastatic events over a mean follow-up period of 38 months. There were no differences in time to metastatic diagnosis in the baseline year, prior to the HDHP switch (HR 0.96, p = 0.67). After employer-mandated HDHP switch, HDHP participants had lower odds of metastatic cancer diagnosis (HR 0.88, p = 0.01), indicative of delayed detection relative to the control group. Conclusions: Compared with conventional health plans, HDHPs are associated with delayed detection of metastatic cancer. These findings imply that patients postpone seeking care for concerning symptoms or defer diagnostic testing when exposed to high cost-sharing. Given recent advances that have improved survival of patients with advanced-stage cancers, future research efforts should investigate the impacts of HDHPs on quality of life, engagement in palliative care, and use of treatments in this patient population.
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Trad, Nicolas Karim, Michael J. Hassett, Fang Zhang, and J. Frank Wharam. "Impact of high-deductible health plans on delays in metastatic cancer diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 6503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.6503.
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6503 Background: High-deductible health plans (HDHPs) have grown rapidly in recent years, and now cover over one-half of U.S. workers. Patients in HDHPs are liable for the costs of all cancer-related care until their annual deductible is met, with the exception of screening tests such as colonoscopy and mammography. Due to increased out-of-pocket obligations, patients may postpone presenting for concerning symptoms or diagnostic testing, leading to delayed diagnosis. We therefore assessed the impacts of HDHPs on the timing of metastatic cancer detection. Methods: Using a nationally representative cohort of privately insured members in a national commercial and Medicare Advantage database (2003-2017), we studied 345,401 individuals age 18-64 years whose employers mandated a switch from a low-deductible (≤$500) plan to a high-deductible (≥$1,000) plan. Our control group consisted of 1,654,775 contemporaneous individuals whose employers offered only low-deductible plans. Both groups had a 1-year baseline period when all members were enrolled in low-deductible plans, and we followed members for a maximum of 13.5 years. Participants were matched with respect to age, gender, race/ethnicity, morbidity (ACG) score, poverty level, geographic region, employer size, baseline primary cancer, baseline medical and pharmacy costs, and follow-up duration. We used a validated claims-based algorithm to detect incident metastatic cancer diagnoses. We assessed time to metastatic cancer diagnosis in the baseline period (pre-HDHP switch) and follow-up period (post-HDHP switch) using a weighted Cox proportional hazards model. Results: After matching, there were no systematic differences between the HDHP and control groups with regard to observable baseline characteristics (standardized differences < 0.1). The mean age of participants was 42 years and the mean ACG score was 0.75. 49% were female, 48% lived in low-income neighborhoods, and 62% were White. We detected 1,668 metastatic events over a mean follow-up period of 38 months. There were no differences in time to metastatic diagnosis in the baseline year, prior to the HDHP switch (HR 0.96, p = 0.67). After employer-mandated HDHP switch, HDHP participants had lower odds of metastatic cancer diagnosis (HR 0.88, p = 0.01), indicative of delayed detection relative to the control group. Conclusions: Compared with conventional health plans, HDHPs are associated with delayed detection of metastatic cancer. These findings imply that patients postpone seeking care for concerning symptoms or defer diagnostic testing when exposed to high cost-sharing. Given recent advances that have improved survival of patients with advanced-stage cancers, future research efforts should investigate the impacts of HDHPs on quality of life, engagement in palliative care, and use of treatments in this patient population.
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Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo, Fernando Abad-Franch, Maxwell Ramos de Almeida, Marcos Takashi Obara, Rita de Cássia Moreira de Souza, Jainaine Abrantes de Sena Batista, and Douglas de Almeida Rocha. "TriatoDex, an electronic identification key to the Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Chagas disease: Development, description, and performance." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e0248628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248628.
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Correct identification of triatomine bugs is crucial for Chagas disease surveillance, yet available taxonomic keys are outdated, incomplete, or both. Here we present TriatoDex, an Android app-based pictorial, annotated, polytomous key to the Triatominae. TriatoDex was developed using Android Studio and tested by 27 Brazilian users. Each user received a box with pinned, number-labeled, adult triatomines (33 species in total) and was asked to identify each bug to the species level. We used generalized linear mixed models (with user- and species-ID random effects) and information-theoretic model evaluation/averaging to investigate TriatoDex performance. TriatoDex encompasses 79 questions and 554 images of the 150 triatomine-bug species described worldwide up to 2017. TriatoDex-based identification was correct in 78.9% of 824 tasks. TriatoDex performed better in the hands of trained taxonomists (93.3% vs. 72.7% correct identifications; model-averaged, adjusted odds ratio 5.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.09–11.48). In contrast, user age, gender, primary job (including academic research/teaching or disease surveillance), workplace (including universities, a reference laboratory for triatomine-bug taxonomy, or disease-surveillance units), and basic training (from high school to biology) all had negligible effects on TriatoDex performance. Our analyses also suggest that, as TriatoDex results accrue to cover more taxa, they may help pinpoint triatomine-bug species that are consistently harder (than average) to identify. In a pilot comparison with a standard, printed key (370 tasks by seven users), TriatoDex performed similarly (84.5% correct assignments, CI 68.9–94.0%), but identification was 32.8% (CI 24.7–40.1%) faster on average–for a mean absolute saving of ~2.3 minutes per bug-identification task. TriatoDex holds much promise as a handy, flexible, and reliable tool for triatomine-bug identification; an updated iOS/Android version is under development. We expect that, with continuous refinement derived from evolving knowledge and user feedback, TriatoDex will substantially help strengthen both entomological surveillance and research on Chagas disease vectors.
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Halpern, Michael T., Janet S. de Moor, and K. Robin Yabroff. "Is cancer pain associated with employment and cost concerns for individuals with cancer?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 31_suppl (November 1, 2019): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.31_suppl.94.
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94 Background: Pain is frequently reported by individuals with cancer. While the adverse effects of pain on quality of life are well-established, it is unknown if pain is associated with patients’ concerns about employment and cancer costs. Methods: We used data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) 2016 Experiences with Cancer Supplement including cancer diagnosis, pain level over the past 7 days, employment changes, and cost concerns. Respondents diagnosed with cancer at age > 18 (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) with non-missing pain information were included. Sampling weights were used in analysis to provide nationally representative estimates. Results: Among 875 eligible respondents with cancer (weighted total of 1.3 million individuals), pain was reported by 57% (severe pain by 12%). The likelihood of pain was significantly associated with age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, cancer site, insurance, and time since treatment. Controlling for these factors, individuals reporting pain were significantly more likely to take time off from work (odds ratio [OR] 1.76); change to a less demanding or part time job (OR 1.91); not pursue promotions (OR 1.39); retire early (OR 3.06); and feel less productive (OR 2.35). Individuals with pain were significantly more likely to have uncovered medical expenses (OR 1.28); be in debt (OR 2.68); and be unable to cover medical bills (OR 1.46). These individuals were significantly more likely to worry about paying medical bills (OR 1.94); to delay medical treatment (OR 4.30), follow-up care (OR 2.20), and mental health care (OR 4.11); and were less likely to receive necessary medical care (OR 0.50). Despite these, concerns, they were significantly less likely to discuss out-of-pocket costs for cancer care (OR 0.86) or cancer treatments (OR 0.96) with a healthcare provider. Conclusions: Cancer pain is associated with increased cost and employment concerns but with a lower likelihood of discussing costs with healthcare provider. Interventions are needed to address financial hardship among this high-risk population.
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Palmieri, Giovannella, Liliana Montella, Viviana Strazzullo, Dolores De Vizio, Lucio Catalano, Bruno Rotoli, and Luigi Insabato. "Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta (PDGFRb) Expression in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 3809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3809.3809.
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Abstract On the basis of promising results obtained by imatinib mesilate in a patient with cerebral LCH with high expression of PDGFRb in the affected tissue (Case Report in press in the New Engl J Med), we evaluated PDGFRb expression by immunohistochemistry on banked LCH specimens. Methods: A 4 m m section obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens was incubated in a microwave oven for 15 min in 10 mmol/L buffered citrate pH 6.0, followed by immunohistochemical procedures to detect PDGFRb (using a rabbit polyclonal antibody, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., CA) and KIT (CD117, Dako, Carpinteria, CA), diluted 1:50 and 1:300, respectively. A conventional avidin-biotin complex procedure was then applied, according to manufacturer’s protocol. Briefly, the sections were washed and incubated with the primary antibody overnight at 4°C, then incubated with the secondary antibody. Positive staining was revealed by the DAB chromogen, followed by counterstaining with Mayer’s hematoxilin. The slide was cover-slipped with a xilene-based mounting medium. The staining was scored as Neg, +1 (low expression), +2 (intermediate expression), or +3 (strong expression). Results. Up to now, we have analysed specimens from 9 patients (see Table). A strong PDGFRb expression with a predominant cytoplasmic localization was detected in 5 cases; two specimens had intermediate expression and two low expression. KIT expression was never observed. The study is ongoing, to evaluate a larger number of cases; however, in the limited series presented, 70% of cases had a significant PDGFRb expression. This finding may stimulate further clinical investigation on the use of tirosin kinase inhibitors in LCH. PDGFRß and KIT expression in LCH specimens Case Gender/Age Disease site KIT PDGFRß C: cytoplasmic; N: nuclear 1 M/10 ocular soft tissue Neg +1C 2 F/9 skin Neg +3C/N 3 M/76 skin Neg +2C 4 M/13 bone Neg +3C 5 M/19 bone Neg +3C 6 M/1 bone Neg +1C 7 M/45 oral mucosa Neg +3C 8 F/23 brain Neg +2C 9 M/45 oral mucosa Neg +3C
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Kühne, Jill, and Anja Palmowski-Wolfe. "Plication versus Resection in Horizontal Strabismus Surgery." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 236, no. 04 (April 2019): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0829-6086.
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Abstract Background To compare two commonly used strengthening procedures in strabismus surgery: plication and resection of the extraocular muscle (EOM). Patients and Methods From an anonymous databank of strabismus surgeries, performed at the University Eye Hospital Basel, patients with a horizontal strabismus surgery, consisting of a recession combined with either plication or resection of the antagonist and a follow-up of at least 3 months, were included. Exclusion criteria were previous eye surgeries, binocular surgeries, and simultaneous surgery of oblique or vertical EOM. Pre- and postoperative angles were measured using the alternating prism cover test during fixation at distance. Results Fifty-nine patients met the criteria and were matched according to the angle at baseline in the recession/plication group, resulting in 12 resection/recession and 12 plication/recession patients. There was no significant difference in the number of eso- and exodeviations, age at surgery, or gender between the groups. Mean difference between plication and resection was 1.2 PD at 1 week (p = 0.72) and 1.7 PD at 3 months (p = 0.61). A separate analysis for eso- and exodeviations showed no significant difference between recession/plication and recession/resection at 1 week or 3 months (p value side effect = 0.59; resection vs. plication at 1 week p = 0.68; resection vs. plication at 3 months: p = 0.57). The overall dose effect (SD) was 2.13 PD (0.88)/mm in the recession/plication group and 2.51 PD (0.81)/mm in the recession/resection group after 1 week (p = 0.331). After 3 months, the mean dose effect was 1.85 PD (1.06)/mm in the recession/plication group and 2.09 PD (1.12)/mm in the recession/resection group (p = 0.611). Discussion Our findings show that recession/plication is a valid alternative to recession/resection in horizontal strabismus without the need to cut the muscle, as we saw no difference in surgical effectiveness in either eso- or exodeviations at 1 week or at 3 months.
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Yurick, Christina L., Nicola Cianci, Katie Bradley, Khaldoun Hamade, Christine Bonaccorso, and Amy Leader. "Abstract A123: Providing breast cancer screening in vulnerable communities: The impact of a mobile cancer screening van." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): A123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-a123.
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Abstract Background: Mobile cancer screening vans (MCSV) are a promising approach to providing preventive cancer screenings to those in need. In 2021, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center (SKCC) at Jefferson launched an MCSV to cover its 7-county catchment area. The primary focus of the screening van is to provide breast cancer screenings, although other cancer screenings as well as connections to resources are periodically offered. Community organizations agree to host the MCSV at their site; up to 14 women can be screened for breast cancer at each event. Screening registration information as well as clinical outcomes from the mammogram are captured in the electronic health record (EMR). Here, we describe the impact of the MCSV during its first 8 months of operation. Methods: Data was pulled from the EMR for all women who received breast cancer screening on the MCSV between September 30, 2021 and May 31, 2022. Patient demographic information included age, gender, race and ethnicity, primary language spoken, insurance status, zip code of residence and breast cancer screening history. Clinical outcomes included screening result, need for follow-up and diagnosis of cancer, if relevant. Means and frequencies were calculated for each variable. Bivariate analyses investigated associations between patient demographics and previous screening history or screening exam results. Results: In partnership with community organizations, we have held 47 screening events and screened a total of 377 women in the previous 8 months. Of the 377 women screened, 175 (46%) were African American, 90 (24%) were Caucasian, and 61 (16%) were Hispanic. 279 (74%) of the women had health insurance while 98 (26%) were uninsured. Seventy (19%) women needed additional imaging or follow-up and one woman has been diagnosed with stage 1b invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The only significant difference among those screened was that those without health insurance were less likely to have a previous mammogram (X2 =4.002, p,.05).Conclusion: The SKCC MCSV is reaching a diverse population, based on race and ethnicity, and a population in need, based on insurance status. While we did not observe racial nor ethnic differences among those screened on the van in relation to screening results or previous screening, those without insurance are more likely to receive their first screening with the MCSV, another important marker that the van is reaching those in need. Citation Format: Christina L. Yurick, Nicola Cianci, Katie Bradley, Khaldoun Hamade, Christine Bonaccorso, Amy Leader. Providing breast cancer screening in vulnerable communities: The impact of a mobile cancer screening van [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A123.
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Shalnova, S. A., A. V. Kapustina, A. D. Deev, and Yu A. Balanova. "Factors Associated with Cause-Specific Death in Russia. Data from Longitudinal Prospective Study 1977-2001." Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology 15, no. 1 (March 3, 2019): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-1-4-16.
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Aim.To evaluate the associations between main risk factors (RF) with cause-specific death in cohorts of Russian men and women.Material and methods. Data of a number of crossectional studies conducted in different years by unified base protocol had become the subjects for the study. A total of 12,497 men and 5,039 women aged 35-74 years, residents of Moscow and S-Petersburg (former Leningrad) cities at the moment of examination, were enrolled into the study. We analyzed 17 previously selected risk factors and their associations with cause-specific mortalities: coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), non-CVD, all causes. A total of 10,650 deaths were registered: 8,726 in men (for 10 years) and 1,924 – in women (for 20 years).Results.Men died more often from all the examined causes except for stroke, what was more typical to women. Mortality in men was associated with significantly larger number of RF than in women and correlations were stronger. In particular, smoking (hazard ratio [HR] 2.25; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.75-2.89; р=0.0001), high blood pressure (HR 1.78; 95%CI 1.43-2.22; р=0.0001) and history of CHD (HR 3.23; 95%CI 2.71- 3.84; р=0.0001) significantly increased CHD-related mortality in the men’s cohort but were much less significant for women. The total cholesterol level demonstrated significance in men but was not even selected in the model for women. The main RF for stroke-related mortality were smoking, high blood pressure and atrial fibrillation, while for non-cardiovascular mortality there was only one common factor – smoking. Factors associated with CVD and all-cause mortality were almost the same because CVD cover more than half in the all-cause mortality, however a larger number of predictors were reported in men.Conclusion. The data obtained indicate: 1) considerably larger number of unfavorable risk factors in the men’s cohort, which significantly increased risk for death from any cause; 2) statistically more pronounced relation between risk factors and mortality rates in men as compared to women, especially note that mortality rates were followed up for 10 years in men and 20 years in women. It is obvious that successful prevention focused on risk factors must be gender-based.
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abualkishik, Abedallah, Rasha Almajed, and Watson Thompson. "Improving the perfoamnce of Fog-assisted Internet of Things Networks using Bipolar Trapezoidal Neutrosophic sets." International Journal of Wireless and Ad Hoc Communication 6, no. 1 (2023): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/ijwac.060103.
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Large numbers of devices with varying hardware capabilities and data traffic patterns make up what we call the Internet of Things (IoT). Furthermore, various IoT services, like knowledge economy, e-health, e-business, parking management, etc., display dynamically varying QoS (Quality of Service) needs inside the IoT network. As a consequence of the inconsistency in service delivery, it is difficult to attain spectrum efficiency in the Internet of Things (IoT). There will be a shortage of spectrum for critical IoT services as a result. In this study, we suggest using a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique to coordinate spectrum sharing across IoT devices. To ensure that the capacity and quality-of-service requirements of IoT devices are met, this framework prioritizes the accessible spectrum bands based on their numerous spectral properties. When all relevant information for reaching a choice is supplied by decision-makers, as is the case in both the trapezoidal and bipolar neutrosophic environments, this research presents a novel, effective approach to tackling these challenges. Conceptually related, the bipolar trapezoidal neutrosophic set's governing principles and rules of operation are laid forth. We cover several important accumulation operations for accumulating bipolar trapezoidal neutrosophic data. The ARAS technique is combined with the bipolar trapezoidal neutrosophic sets to compute the weights of principles and rank the substitutions.
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Akhmedova, Anastasiia A., Oleksandr M. Ocheredko, and Volodymyr P. Klimenyk. "ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE GASTROPATHY RISK REDUCTION PROGRAM IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 3 (2019): 409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201903118.
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Introduction: For primary health care patients with concomitant morbidity are usual phenomena. Combination of gastropathy with arterial hypertension is increasingly being studied. However, the assessing of the medical and economic effectiveness of treatment of patients with concomitant morbidity still methodologically challenging. The issue aggravated by different cushion programs aimed to alleviate financial burden to indigent population. These cover non-expensive drugs with probable hazard to concomitant morbidity. The aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of the gastropathy risk reduction program in patients with arterial hypertension (AH). Materials and methods: data on 150 patients with AH collected by panel design with dynamic cohort traced up to 17 years. We have elaborated a program for the prevention of gastropathy in patients taking antihypertensive therapy. Program is based on regulations of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, adapted clinical guidelines, and other official sources of information, since holistic prevention of gastropathy is not depicted in any source. Two main cohorts were distinguished: those in prevention program (PP) and patients with usual treatment. 6 built in cohorts (Group№0-№5) helped to diversify PP across groups of different severity. Event of interest was incidence or aggravation of gastropathy (gastroduodenitis mainly). We used Poisson model to study average treatment effect of PP on annual number of aggravations. Results: The main effect of program participation is significant in a model of fixed effects (β = -0.269; p = 0.0156), and even more supportive in the mixed model (β = -0.282; p = 0.0097). Other components with a variable “PP participation”, namely participation in the program given the group, participation in the program given GP duration, participation in the program given compliance, appeared to be nonsignificant, that suggest absence of substantial selection bias due to non-randomness of allocation. The greatest risk reduction due to program participation was in patients of Group0, that is, in patients with hypertension who do not receive antihypertensive therapy. In groups №1-№5 with more aggressive hypertension treatment the effects of program participation are obvious but less pronounced. Conclusions: The elaborated program differentiates patients by groups and furthermore allows one to consider each patient characteristics, taking into account income, age, gender, progression of the disease, comorbidity, drugs the patient takes. The established program based on cooperation of patient, general practitioner, and gastroenterologist. We reduced selection bias due to possible randomness blemishes in allocation to the PP by control function method. The main effect of program participation is significant in a model of fixed effects (β = -0.269; p = 0.0156), and even more supportive in the mixed model (β = -0.282; p = 0.0097).
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Lokman, Amar, Kirenraj Rajendran, and R. Kanesaraj Ramasamy. "The accuracy of Infrared sensor detection in a smart toilet." F1000Research 10 (March 14, 2022): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73086.2.
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Background: Infrared (IR) sensors are useful tools for detecting distance and proximity. However, these sensors are not good at detecting edges of an area, therefore when used in a smart toilet it has difficulty in detecting the orientation and position of the user’s body. The aim of this study was to design an IR sensor for a smart toilet with a more accurate and consistent detection. Methods: A total of 12(six men and six women) participants with different body types were involved in this study. IR sensor detection was tested in the sitting and squatting toilets. For the best accuracy, the IR sensor's angle was measured. Red, blue, and red-blue plastic covers were used, as these colors improve precision. The microcontroller was set up to calculate the participant’s distance and presence in the cubicle. Results: Toilet positioning varied greatly depending on whether one is sitting or squatting. For sitting toilet, the red cover was close to the accurate distance at a 172˚ angle. IR detected a man but not a woman's body. The blue cover provided the same best angle of 172˚ with a higher sensor distance. When the red and blue cover combination was applied, the reading of 141cm detected both men and women, at 172˚ angle. The actual distance for squatting toilets was 158cm. The optimal angle for both red and blue covers was 176˚, however the sensor distance was greater for the blue cover. Finally, the red and blue cover combination gave a more accurate distance of up to 163cm from the actual reading, when detecting both genders at a normal angle of 76˚. Conclusion: The combination of red and blue cover gave the most accurate detection for the squatting and sitting toilets. The best angle for sitting was 172˚, and for squatting was 176˚.
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Lokman, Amar, Kirenraj Rajendran, and R. Kanesaraj Ramasamy. "The accuracy of Infrared sensor detection in a smart toilet." F1000Research 10 (September 21, 2021): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73086.1.
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Background: Infrared (IR) sensors are useful tools for detecting distance and proximity. However, these sensors are not good at detecting edges of an area, therefore when used in a smart toilet it has difficulty in detecting the orientation and position of the user’s body. The aim of this study was to design an IR sensor for a smart toilet with a more accurate and consistent detection. Methods: A total of 12(six men and six women) participants with different body types were involved in this study. IR sensor detection was tested in the sitting and squatting toilets. For the best accuracy, the IR sensor's angle was measured. Red, blue, and red-blue plastic covers were used, as these colors improve precision. The microcontroller was set up to calculate the participant’s distance and presence in the cubicle. Results: Toilet positioning varied greatly depending on whether one is sitting or squatting. For sitting toilet, the red cover was close to the accurate distance at a 172˚ angle. IR detected a man but not a woman's body. The blue cover provided the same best angle of 172˚ with a higher sensor distance. When the red and blue cover combination was applied, the reading of 141cm detected both men and women, at 172˚ angle. The actual distance for squatting toilets was 158cm. The optimal angle for both red and blue covers was 176˚, however the sensor distance was greater for the blue cover. Finally, the red and blue cover combination gave a more accurate distance of up to 163cm from the actual reading, when detecting both genders at a normal angle of 76˚. Conclusion: The combination of red and blue cover gave the most accurate detection for the squatting and sitting toilets. The best angle for sitting was 172˚, and for squatting was 176˚.