Academic literature on the topic 'Cover-up gender'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cover-up gender"
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Young, Vershawn Ashanti. "Straight Black Queer: Obama, Code-Switching, and the Gender Anxiety of African American Men." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 129, no. 3 (May 2014): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2014.129.3.464.
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Globe magazine featured a “world exclusive,” not even a year into Barack Obama's first term as president of the united states, charging him with homosexual infidelity and his wife, Michelle, with coordinating a cover-up (“Obama Gay Cover-Up!”). The magazine followed up two months later, asserting that Obama's lover resided in the White House and was none other than his personal aide, Reggie Love (“Obama's Gay Lover”). Globe, of course, is a dime-store rag whose mission is to sensationalize. I refer to it here because it is perhaps the most relentless among a slew of white-run media outlets that consistently and unfavorably queer Obama, amplifying his nonnormative masculine traits and then, on that basis, assigning him a deceitful, nonheteronormative sexuality.
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Highsmith, M. Jason, Jason T. Kahle, Molly Knight, Ayla Olk-Szost, Melinda Boyd, and Rebecca M. Miro. "Delivery of cosmetic covers to persons with transtibial and transfemoral amputations in an outpatient prosthetic practice." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 40, no. 3 (January 9, 2015): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364614564024.
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Background:Limb loss negatively impacts body image to the extent that functional activity and societal participation are affected. Scientific literature is lacking on the subject of cosmetic covering for prostheses and the rate of cosmetic cover utilization by cover type, gender, amputation level, and type of healthcare reimbursement.Objectives:To describe the delivery of cosmetic covers in lower limb prostheses in a sample of people with lower extremity amputation.Study design:Cross-sectional designMethods:Patient records from an outpatient practice were reviewed for people who received a transtibial or transfemoral prosthesis within a selected 2-year period.Results:A total of 294 records were reviewed. Regardless of the amputation level, females were significantly ( p ≤ 0.05) more likely to receive a cover. Type of insurance did not affect whether or not a cover was used, but Medicare reimbursed more pull-up skin covers.Conclusion:There were differences regarding cosmetic cover delivery based on gender, and Medicare reimbursed for more pull-up skin covers at the transtibial level than other reimbursors did. This analysis was conducted in a warm, tropical geographic region of the United States. Results may differ in other parts of the world based on many factors including climate and local views of body image and disability.Clinical relevanceCosmetic covering rates are clinically relevant because they provide insight into which gender is utilizing more cosmetic covers. Furthermore, it can be determined which type of covers are being utilized with greater frequency and which insurance type is providing more coverage for them.
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Popoli, Gary, and Angel Longus. "Gender Differences and the Five Facets of Conspiracy Theory." International Journal of Psychological Studies 13, no. 3 (August 30, 2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v13n3p64.
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Although research examining conspiracy theory beliefs has been examined, there is conflicting literature on the relationship between gender and conspiracy thinking. Before this study, little research has been conducted on the differences between males and females in each of the five facets of conspiracy theory. This study was designed to investigate differences in gender as they pertain to government malfeasance (GM), malevolent global conspiracies (MG), extraterrestrial cover-up (ET), personal well-being (PW), and control of information (CI). It was hypothesized that there are statistically significant differences between females and males when it comes to conspiracy theory beliefs for each of the five facets. Archival data from 2016 containing responses to the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale was analyzed. Results supported the main hypothesis of this investigation that significant differences do, in fact, exist between females and males in all five facets of conspiracy theory: government malfeasance, malevolent global conspiracies, extraterrestrial cover-up, personal well-being, and control of information. In addition, this study revealed that females score higher than males in all facets. In general, a computed total conspiracy belief score demonstrated that females (M = 45.10, SD = 15.07) were significantly higher than males (M = 42.13, SD = 15.90). Nevertheless, some recent research has reported that women were significantly less likely than men to engage in ‘conspiratorial thinking’ and endorse a conspiracy about the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. These findings may be suggesting a change in direction for gender differences and a need for further research.
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Kerimova, Irina. "Career Advancement and Gender Equity in Academia." Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR) 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 389–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v8i3.593.
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This paper aims at exploring gender equality in career advancement. The literature suggests that family impedes females’ career progression as in Uzbekistan females mostly prioritize child-rearing over career building. However, there is no evidence that single female academics are more successful in their careers than those with families. Meanwhile, males are more likely to have career progression due to the culture-bound domination of men over women. To conduct the research, 76 non-randomly selected academic staff of Westminster International University in Tashkent (WIUT) were surveyed via a questionnaire. The analysis found no statistically significant difference between female and male career advancement. Due to the time constraints as one of the limitations of the study, the research cannot cover a big population to conclude county-wide; notwithstanding, the present research is a steppingstone for further investigation on such a thrilling and up-to-date topic as gender equality
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Mortazavi, Shokoufe, Gholamreza Amirian, and Mohammadbagher Heidari. "Investigating the Success of Cover Flap in Patients with Bedsore." Journal of Molecular Biology Research 9, no. 1 (October 23, 2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmbr.v9n1p119.
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Objective: The high prevalence of bedsore creates many problems for the maintenance system and the patients, and in addition to spending high costs for treating ulcers, a lot of time is also dedicated to caring for them. The purpose of performing this study is to investigate the therapeutic results of recovering bedsore injuries by cover flaps.
Work Method: This study is of prospective type in which 85 patients with bedsore who had referred to Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah for treatment by muscle cover flaps during the years of 2016 to 2017, were followed up at time periods of 1 week, and 3 months after the discharge and in case of failure, they were recovered. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed by using statistical tests and SPSS version 22 software.
Results: The obtained results showed that the success percentage of recovering bedsores was significantly increased after one week, and 3 months by cover flaps (P <0.05). Also, the success percentage of recovering bedsores by cover flap after one week, and 3 months in terms of age, gender, and BMI of patients significantly shows an increase (P <0.05).
Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded from this study that using cover flaps leads to the success of recovering bedsores after 3 months of treatment, and the age, gender, and BMI variables of patients cannot be effective in this improvement process.
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Juško-Štekele, Angelika. "DEVIANCE IN LATGALIAN FOLK-TALES: GENDER ASPECT." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 26, 2017): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2017vol3.2346.
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The aim of the paper is to identify deviant patterns of behavior between wife and husband in Latgalian household folk-tales by rising those characteristic and action strategies, which in accordance with the public assessment are recognized as non-compliant for traditional gender roles. The empirical source of the research is Latgalian household folk-tails, which thematically cover a variety of relationship models peculiar for a family (husband and wife). For the analysis of a deviant feature developed in a story the author applied theory of social action established by the sociologist Talcott Parsons. In the context of a fairy-tale, the actors (a husband and a wife) should not be regarded as individuals in a sense of a separate person, but instead as representatives of the given gender. Therefore, the nature of their actions is not individual as well, but instead more culturally-historically determined, which in accordance with the folk theory proposed by Richard Dorson is “real situation and local environment”. Deviant behavior scenarios in fairy-tales allow to evaluate developmental tendencies of a family as an institute for a period starting with 20th century, when folk-tales chosen for the empirical source were written, up to nowadays, when in the form of strategic documents are raised such problems of family institutes as significant decline in the amount of registered marriages and increase of divorced marriages.
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Odrowaz-Coates, Anna. "Definitions of Sustainability in the Context of Gender." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 6862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126862.
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The notion of sustainability is of paramount importance for long-term survival; it is also about keeping up, moving on, and not jeopardizing the future of life on earth or the future itself. It is about tangible strategies for the reproduction and long-term existence of our own species that may be supported by the mundane everyday life practices and consumer or citizen choices that are often linked directly or indirectly to gender. Sustainable development relies on innovation and innovative social solutions. Without them, sustainability would not persist. This paper sets its research perspective within a systematic review of the literature and theory to develop a sustainability definition within the context of gender as a seed for sustainable innovation. This paper is divided into sections that cover various issues, such as: sustainability and gender in demographics (social justice, increase in number of pensioners, labor market); environment/ecology (education, ecofeminism); and corporate responsibility (consumer decisions and leadership). In each section, a definition is developed, being supported by evidence from existing studies and a discussion on how sustainability may be defined in the context of gender concludes the paper. The paper suggests that gender has a clear social impact, which constitutes a relevant and important seed for the achievement of sustainable development.
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Liddell, Christine, Jane Kvalsvig, Nina Strydom, Pumla Qotyana, and Agnes Shabalala. "An Observational Study of 5-year-old South African Children in the Year Before School." International Journal of Behavioral Development 16, no. 4 (December 1993): 537–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549301600402.
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This paper presents data from an observational investigation of 80 African children growing up at home in the year before school. Data cover aspects of social interaction, language use, activity patterns, and object utilisation. Gender differences are examined, and results are compared with those from observational studies of Euro-American children of similar age. These data provide baseline data on black South African children, about whom relatively little has been published, and offers insight into the everyday lives of preschool-aged children from the developing world.
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Villacampa-Morales, Ester, Maddalena Fedele, and Sue Aran-Ramspott. "YouTubers between postfeminism and popular feminism: Dulceida’s and Yellow Mellow’s construction and performance of gender identity." Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación 12, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/medcom.19602.
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Participatory culture (Jenkins, 2006) has opened up the possibility of prosumption for the youngest users, who use social media as a tool for building their (gender) identities. At the same time, as part of a juvenile digital culture they share with their audiences, influencers, and more specifically YouTubers, they act as role models in this process. While YouTube and other social media continue to reproduce the post-feminist sensibility, recent studies indicate that it also embraces manifestations of popular feminism. This research focuses on two popular female Spanish YouTubers, Dulceida and Yellow Mellow, and its aim is to analyse how they build and represent their gender identity. Particular emphasis is put on the negotiation and/or integration of feminist precepts into those identities, in order to determine whether they contribute to the creation of new gender imaginaries. A qualitative methodology, which includes four models of analysis, is used to cover the representations from the audio-visual, socio-semiotic and textual aspects. The results show a certain ambivalence regarding gender, since popular feminism and queer theory coexist with postfeminism, and values such as diversity with the acritical acceptance of individualism.
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Johnson, Janet Elise. "Pussy Riot as a feminist project: Russia's gendered informal politics." Nationalities Papers 42, no. 4 (July 2014): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2014.916667.
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This article considers Pussy Riot as a feminist project, placing their actions and the regime's reactions in the context of three post-9/11 developments in gender and sexuality politics in Russia. First, I assert that Pussy Riot's stunts are a logical reaction to the Kremlin's masculinity-based nation-rebuilding scheme, which was a cover for crude homophobic misogyny. Second, Pussy Riot is part of the informal feminism emerging in Russia, a response to nongovernmental organization (NGO) feminism and the regime's repression of NGO feminism, albeit likely to be outflanked by regime-supported thuggery. Third, the members of Pussy Riot were so harshly prosecuted because they - swearing, covered up and disloyal - violated the political cleaner role that the Kremlin has given women in the last few years. Feminist social scientists have long looked for politics outside of formal institutions and processes. The Pussy Riot affair makes clear how much gender is central to the informal politics that gender-blind observers of Russia have come to see as crucial to understanding Russia's regime.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cover-up gender"
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Hayakawa, Haruko. "The Meaningless Laugh: Laughter in Japanese Communication." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/656.
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This thesis explores the functions of laughter in Japanese communication. In orientation it contrasts markedly with previous studies and is the first study to have been based on such a large volume of data. In this paper I have focused on laughter as it serves to maintain a co-operative relationship between the participants in a conversation. I find that in the process of communication, people necessarily have to lay themselves open to others, and in doing so they become conscious of the barrier surrounding and protecting their field, i.e. their 'inner world'. I hypothesise that in Japanese at least it is consciousness of this barrier that causes the occurrence of laughter in discourse. In other words, people laugh as part of the process of opening up to others, and also to show their intention to be co-operative. By laughing, people are either confirming that they belong to the same in-group, or they are pretending to belong to the same in-group in order to show co-operation. In my model, laughter is classified: A: Joyful laughter for identifying with the in-group B: Balancing laughter for easing tension C: Laughter as a cover-up. A is also divided into 3 subcategories, B into 3, and C into 2 according to the subject of the utterance and the direction of movement into the protective barrier. Two types of statistical analysis were applied to the data in order to the test the validity of the classification. Keywords: interpersonal communication; laughter; field; barrier; co-operation; joy; balancing; cover-up gender
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Hayakawa, Haruko. "The Meaningless Laugh: Laughter in Japanese Communication." University of Sydney. Japanese and Korean Studies School of Language and Cultures, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/656.
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This thesis explores the functions of laughter in Japanese communication. In orientation it contrasts markedly with previous studies and is the first study to have been based on such a large volume of data. In this paper I have focused on laughter as it serves to maintain a co-operative relationship between the participants in a conversation. I find that in the process of communication, people necessarily have to lay themselves open to others, and in doing so they become conscious of the barrier surrounding and protecting their field, i.e. their �inner world�. I hypothesise that in Japanese at least it is consciousness of this barrier that causes the occurrence of laughter in discourse. In other words, people laugh as part of the process of opening up to others, and also to show their intention to be co-operative. By laughing, people are either confirming that they belong to the same in-group, or they are pretending to belong to the same in-group in order to show co-operation. In my model, laughter is classified: A: Joyful laughter for identifying with the in-group B: Balancing laughter for easing tension C: Laughter as a cover-up. A is also divided into 3 subcategories, B into 3, and C into 2 according to the subject of the utterance and the direction of movement into the protective barrier. Two types of statistical analysis were applied to the data in order to the test the validity of the classification. Keywords: interpersonal communication; laughter; field; barrier; co-operation; joy; balancing; cover-up gender
Books on the topic "Cover-up gender"
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Leeb, Claudia. The Working-Class Woman and Marx. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190639891.003.0007.
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“The Working-Class Woman and Marx: Biased Constructions” shows that Marx, a thinker whose political thought aims to challenge hierarchical oppositions, reinforces hierarchical thought in his writings on the working-class woman. This exposes that oppositions concern deep unconscious structures in capitalism that are gendered, classed, sexed, and raced. It argues that we can only theorize a mediated relationship between hierarchical oppositions (such as mind/body, theory/practice, subject, and subject/object), if we make the unconscious link of women, racial and sexual minorities as well as the working-classes to the negative pole of oppositions conscious and delink groups of people from these oppositions. This is necessary, because such links are used to justify and cover up the division of labor and exploitation along class, gender, racial, and sexual lines. This chapter also discusses the moment when working-class women can rebel against their exploitation.
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Seed, David. Out of The Science Fiction Ghetto. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038945.003.0001.
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This chapter examines Ray Bradbury's creation of a kind of science fiction (SF) beyond the genre ghetto of the 1940s. The discussions cover his fascination with film; his early; his mentors; his attempts to write detective fiction and horror; his attitude toward technology; his exploration of time travel through dinosaur stories; his commentary on SF through a series of essays and interviews; and his repeated claim of a continuity between his childhood reading and adult writing. The chapter argues that Bradbury's surge of creativity in the late 1940s and 1950s coincided with the last years of the Golden Age of SF. In tandem with the publication of the fiction itself, more and more writers examined the nature of the genre. Broadly speaking, these writers all agreed that SF had emerged from its ghetto and taken up a socially central role as the literature of speculation.
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Segal, David. One Hundred Patents That Shaped the Modern World. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198834311.001.0001.
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The Internet has allowed people to access information that previously was difficult to obtain. It is important to know the information is true and accurate and does not represent ‘fake news’ or alternative facts. Patents describe inventions and contain accurate information, as patents are examined and their accuracy can be challenged. This book shows how patents and the inventions they describe have shaped the modern world, that is the world in the twenty-first century. Patent documents that date from the mid-nineteenth century to the present time are used in the text and the subject matter covers many technical areas: for example, Morse code, the diode, triode, transistors, television, frozen foods, ring-pulls for soft drink cans, board games such as Monopoly, gene editing, metamaterials, MRI, computerised tomography, insulin and monoclonal antibodies such as Herceptin. Up to a page of text is used for each entry and the text is backed up by drawings from patent documents. Patent numbers are included to allow interested readers to trace the documents. Inventions described in the patents are placed in a historical perspective. For example, the role of the cavity magnetron and radar are described in the context of the Second World War, whereas the diode is discussed in the development of broadcasting at the beginning of the twentieth century. Entries cover examples from life sciences, engineering and physical sciences in the modern world.
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McHughen, Alan. DNA Demystified. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190092962.001.0001.
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DNA, once the exclusive domain of scientists in research labs, is now the darling of popular and social media. With personal genetic testing kits in homes and genetically modified organism (GMO) foods in stores, DNA is an increasingly familiar term. Unfortunately, what people know, or think they know, about DNA and genetics is often confused or incorrect. Contrary to popular belief, for instance, genes don’t “skip a generation” and, no, human DNA is not “different” from DNA of other species. With such popular misconceptions proliferating in the news and on the internet, how can anyone sort fact from fiction? DNA Demystified satisfies the public appetite for and curiosity about DNA and genetics. Alan McHughen, an accomplished academic and public science advocate, brings the reader up-to-speed on what we know, what we don’t, and where genetic technologies are taking us. The book begins with the basic groundwork and a brief history of DNA and genetics. Chapters then cover newsworthy topics, including DNA fingerprinting, using DNA in forensic analyses, and identifying cold-case criminals. For readers intrigued by the proliferation of at-home DNA tests, the text includes fascinating explorations of genetic genealogy and family tree construction—crucial for people seeking their biological ancestry. Other chapters describe genetic engineering in medicine and pharmaceuticals, and the use of those same technologies in creating the far more controversial GMOs in food and agriculture. Throughout, the book raises provocative ethical and privacy issues arising from DNA and genetic technologies.
Book chapters on the topic "Cover-up gender"
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Padrón, Thais Guerrero, Ljubinka Kovačević, and Mª Isabel Ribes Moreno. "Labour Law and Gender." In Gender-Competent Legal Education, 583–630. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14360-1_17.
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AbstractThe chapter presents an overview of key labour law institutions, aiming at discussing the importance of the gender perspective in labour law. Therefore, the introductory section of the chapter will put this issue into the context of historical and conceptual framework genesis of regulating employment relationships. These issues are connected with the legal subordination and economic dependence of employees, which produce the need to create and implement norms that protect employees, as a weaker party to the employment relationship. This includes the limitation of employers’ (managerial, normative and disciplinary) prerogatives, in order to create the conditions for effective enjoyment of the right of jobseekers and employees for protection against gender-based discrimination. The labour law is, in this regard, traditionally conceived according to the model of a male worker, who is employed on the basis of a standard employment contract (open-ended full time employment contract). This then results in a failure to recognise or provide sufficient consideration of the specific needs that women have as participants in the labour market. The use of the feminist method, which included the understanding of gender as an analytical category in the field of labour law, opened up a new set of labour law issues. For example, in easing the ban on women working in physically demanding jobs, and the conceptualisation of the need to reconcile the professional and family duties of employees.. On the other hand, contemporary labour law, when creating conditions for achieving gender equality, is aimed primarily at women’s empowerment in the world of work. Persisting with this approach can lead to an oversimplified understanding of the principle of gender equality, ignoring the special needs of men in the world of work, as well as ignoring the importance of their role for consistent implementation of the principle of gender equality and women’s empowerment. The second section of the chapter will provide analysis of gender-based discrimination during the hiring process. Other sections will cover the risk of gender-based discrimination regarding rights, obligations and duties deriving from employment relationship, labour law measures to encourage improvements in the occupational safety and health, work-life balance for parents and caregivers, sexual harassment at work and promotion of gender equality in collective labour law.
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Cartwright, Nancy, Jeremy Hardie, Eleonora Montuschi, Matthew Soleiman, and Ann C. Thresher. "Scientific Method." In The Tangle of Science, 17—C1.P190. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198866343.003.0002.
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Abstract In this chapter we explain and defend three objections to scientific method. Objection (1): Any characterisation that is broad enough to cover everything that reasonably gets counted as science, from gravitational wave theory to thermometry to Covid-19 vaccine research to measures of democracy to the theory of gender performativity and so much more, will be so general as to lack content. Objection (2): Using the term ‘scientific method’ is dangerous. Privileging methods narrows the scope of what science is up to and of what is needed to evaluate it. Objection (3): Scientific method is too bound up with the attempt to establish scientific knowledge—true claims and explanations. But that leaves out the bulk of what science produces. For that the focus should be on reliability, and that requires a whole new research orientation in methodology and philosophy of science. This is key to our approach in this book.
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Cook, Kay. "Conclusion." In The Failure of Child Support, 151–59. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447348863.003.0009.
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The book concludes by consolidating the evidence that child support is a gendered governance practice. Child support rarely does what it says it does, rendering it an inactive and inefficient means of redistributing money to children. But, this does not mean that it does not do other, socially productive work. As a nonperformative, child support provides cover to states who can claim that they are meeting their obligations to children, while positioning their often-vulnerable mothers as responsible for systemic failures. Separated mothers often find themselves in an intractable bind. They are not responsible for making payments, but are held responsible for making payments happen. If they cannot enter the system, they have not taken up their responsibility. If they fall out of the system, they have failed to exercise responsibility. If they remain in the system but do not achieve payments, they have failed their responsibility to be good mothers – but what constitutes good mothering in child support is framed on fathers’ terms. Given these gendered binds, the book ends with suggestions for feminist reform; however, these solutions lie outside of the child support, as what is required is gender equality across all domains of social and economic life.
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Baird, Bruce. "Prologue and Introduction." In A History of Butô, 1–19. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197630273.003.0001.
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This chapter provides a historical framework in which to fit the activities of the ten butô performers featured in the remainder of the book. It starts with an account of the first butô performance in Paris in 1978 and then backs up to cover the activities of Hijikata Tatsumi and his creation of the Hijikata method or generative dance method. This method started with Hijikata’s attempt to understand himself and all the social processes that had formed him. It then blossomed into a way to modify dance steps using surrealist imagery work. The chapter then traces the split of butô into different styles and the expansion of butô around the world. It proposes the thesis that we understand butô in relationship to some of the most important issues of our time, such as the information age, the relationship between humans, technology and new media, and the status of gender and ethnicity. Specifically, it argues that we recognize butô as related to cyborgs, video game speedrunners, and Japanese pop cultural enthusiasts (otaku).
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Wood, David. "Who Do We Think We Are?" In Deep Time, Dark Times, 26–35. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823281367.003.0002.
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The last decades have witnessed a gathering scepticism about traditional humanism. The very idea of man often serves as ideological cover for domination by race, gender, culture, or species. “Man” is a loaded term, caught up in various legitimation narratives. Yet we are a distinct species: homo sapiens. While acknowledging the varying impacts of different farming methods, urban life, indigenous lifestyles, hunting practices, and so on, we humans are responsible for a sharp rise in the extinction of other species on the planet. The animal man has a biological reality beyond color and creed. What, then, can be said about the distinctive features of human beings as a species? How far can we get in giving such an account without introducing normative considerations, covertly blowing our own trumpet? In fact geological consciousness adds to the list of “wounds to the human psyche” by displacing our sense of human sovereignty in the course of developing a new species-consciousness. Anthropogenic climate change can legitimately be blamed on corporations, industrialization, the West, and so on. But it is as a species that we need to address it.
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Armbrust, Walter. "The Disputed Grievability of Sally Zahran." In Martyrs and Tricksters, 74–98. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691162645.003.0005.
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This chapter details how the disputed grievability of Sally Zahran proved to be a microcosm of the major fault line within the revolutionary camp, particularly between the Muslim Brotherhood in uneasy alliance with Islamists more generally, and the non-Islamist protestors, but also a fault line between men and women. The Left were undoubtedly the most articulate among the non-Islamist revolutionaries, or if not Left in a hard ideological sense, then at least those who saw themselves as inspired by the generation of the 1970s. To be sure, Sally Zahran's death also touched on the rage of the old regime against the revolution, evident through the undercurrent of suspicion that someone, or some political force, was trying to cover it up or negate its meaning. Whether or not old regime elements were trying to manipulate Ms. Zahran's death, the mere suspicion of manipulation was a foretaste of vicious pro-regime polemics against the revolution that had, at that juncture, receded into the background, but would again come roaring back in challenges to every single event that had been taken as a “fact” by the revolutionaries. Sally Zahran's death also highlighted the confluence of gender politics with revolutionary politics. The participation of women in protest became a constant target of provocateurs and propaganda.
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Astor, Ron, and Rami Benbenishty. "Focus Groups." In Mapping and Monitoring Bullying and Violence. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190847067.003.0013.
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A focus group1 is a meeting between a moderator or two and group of students, staff members, parents, or other stakeholders. In this meeting, the facilitator presents questions or raises certain issues, and the group members share their thoughts and perspectives. A facilitator or an assistant documents the main issues and points raised by the group members. A focus group is a great way to delve deeper into a specific topic, particularly one that was raised by the results of a survey. For example, if a survey showed an increase over the previous year in students reporting having things stolen, a focus group with students can then explore what types of items are being stolen, where they are being taken from, and any solutions students might suggest. A focus group could also be one of the first steps in developing a monitoring system. A focus group with parents can help identify issues of concern to parents. Then, based on the information, school leaders may design a survey that asks all the parents in the school how well they think the school is responding to their concerns. See Box 9.1 for tips on how to conduct a focus group. The participants in a focus group should represent the racial and ethnic make-up of the school, be balanced by gender, and should include those students or adults who are not typically the most outspoken about issues in the school. Diverse viewpoints are important, but it’s best not to include those who could potentially argue with each other and dominate the discussion. Be aware of issues of hierarchy and whether some participants are not engaging in the discussion or are not being genuine because of the presence of someone in authority. Eight to twelve people is usually a good size for a focus group, and about two hours is a good length of time— enough to cover six to ten substantive questions or topics. Less time is probably better if students are participating.
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Sherratt, Thomas N., and David M. Wilkinson. "Why Sex?" In Big Questions in Ecology and Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199548606.003.0006.
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There is considerable confusion about the meaning of sex. It can be taken to mean gender (male or female), a form of recreation (‘hot sex’), or a form of procreation (‘sexual reproduction’). To most biologists, sex is none of the above. Instead, one definition of sex would simply be a process that combines genetic material from more than one individual. By this definition, sex is not in itself reproduction. For one thing, reproduction is not a necessary consequence of sex (many bacteria can simply share DNA through hooking up via conjugation), and sex is not always needed for reproduction (dandelions, greenfly, and starfish, to name a few, can all produce viable offspring without it). In fact, the specific act of combining genetic material can be thought of as the precise opposite of reproduction since it typically involves the coming together of the genetic material of two cells (‘gametes’) to create one (‘zygote’), rather than the splitting of one cell into two. All that said, in eukaryotic species (like us, with chromosomes housed discretely within a nuclear membrane) sex is a precursor to reproduction. Indeed, in some species including humans, other mammals, and many insect species, sex is an essential step in the production of offspring. To understand what sex is, we must first cover some basic genetics. Let us begin by thinking about the process of combining two gametes to produce a zygote—a fertilized egg. Naturally, if you simply combine all of the genetic material present in the nucleus of one of your typical cells with that derived from some lucky mate, then any resultant zygote would contain double the number of chromosomes. For example, humans are diploid, and have 23 pairs of chromosomes (one chromosome from each pair derived from each parent). Therefore, if you simply combine chromosomes from the diploid cells of two potential human parents, then the resulting zygote would have 46 pairs of chromosomes, and if two such individuals mated then their offspring would have 92 pairs of chromosomes. Clearly such accumulation of genetic material would quickly get out of hand, and cells would rapidly become obese with chromosomes.
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Chapman, Nathaniel G., and David L. Brunsma. "Racism, Brewing, and Drinking in US History." In Beer and Racism, 27–48. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529201758.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses how the search for the origins of beer and brewing in the United States has been hampered by the realities of the racial, gendered, and classed inequalities that created the United States in the first place. It integrates an overview of the deep history of beer in the US context, largely from 1587 until the end of Prohibition. Along the way, the chapter illuminates and critiques the 'origin stories' of beer. It uncovers some stories that have been long buried, asking questions that have not been adequately asked up until now. This deep history reveals some mythological stories as well as the old narratives that have served to cover up a full knowledge of race, racism, and beer, many of which the new narratives being pushed by contemporary brewers, beer lovers, and industry folks of color, though few and far between, continue to fight.
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Cao, Shengya, and Nadia Martinez-Martin. "Unbiased Identification of Extracellular Protein–Protein Interactions for Drug Target and Biologic Drug Discovery." In High-Throughput Screening for Drug Discovery [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97310.
Full textAbstract:
Technological improvements in unbiased screening have accelerated drug target discovery. In particular, membrane-embedded and secreted proteins have gained attention because of their ability to orchestrate intercellular communication. Dysregulation of their extracellular protein–protein interactions (ePPIs) underlies the initiation and progression of many human diseases. Practically, ePPIs are also accessible for modulation by therapeutics since they operate outside of the plasma membrane. Therefore, it is unsurprising that while these proteins make up about 30% of human genes, they encompass the majority of drug targets approved by the FDA. Even so, most secreted and membrane proteins remain uncharacterized in terms of binding partners and cellular functions. To address this, a number of approaches have been developed to overcome challenges associated with membrane protein biology and ePPI discovery. This chapter will cover recent advances that use high-throughput methods to move towards the generation of a comprehensive network of ePPIs in humans for future targeted drug discovery.