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Journal articles on the topic 'Covalent adaptable networks'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

McBride, Matthew K., Brady T. Worrell, Tobin Brown, Lewis M. Cox, Nancy Sowan, Chen Wang, Maciej Podgorski, Alina M. Martinez, and Christopher N. Bowman. "Enabling Applications of Covalent Adaptable Networks." Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 10, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 175–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060718-030217.

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The ability to behave in a fluidlike manner fundamentally separates thermoset and thermoplastic polymers. Bridging this divide, covalent adaptable networks (CANs) structurally resemble thermosets with permanent covalent crosslinks but are able to flow in a manner that resembles thermoplastic behavior only when a dynamic chemical reaction is active. As a consequence, the rheological behavior of CANs becomes intrinsically tied to the dynamic reaction kinetics and the stimuli that are used to trigger those, including temperature, light, and chemical stimuli, providing unprecedented control over viscoelastic properties. CANs represent a highly capable material that serves as a powerful tool to improve mechanical properties and processing in a wide variety of polymer applications, including composites, hydrogels, and shape-memory polymers. This review aims to highlight the enabling material properties of CANs and the applied fields where the CAN concept has been embraced.

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2

Kloxin, Christopher J., and Christopher N. Bowman. "Covalent adaptable networks: smart, reconfigurable and responsive network systems." Chem. Soc. Rev. 42, no. 17 (April 12, 2013): 7161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cs60046g.

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3

Wu, Yahe, Yen Wei, and Yan Ji. "Polymer actuators based on covalent adaptable networks." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 33 (2020): 5297–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0py00075b.

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4

Bowman, Christopher, Filip Du Prez, and Julia Kalow. "Introduction to chemistry for covalent adaptable networks." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 33 (2020): 5295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0py90102d.

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5

Gamardella, Francesco, Sara Muñoz, Silvia De la Flor, Xavier Ramis, and Angels Serra. "Recyclable Organocatalyzed Poly(Thiourethane) Covalent Adaptable Networks." Polymers 12, no. 12 (December 4, 2020): 2913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122913.

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A new type of tetraphenylborate salts derived from highly basic and nucleophilic amines, namely 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene (DBU) and triazabicyclodecene (TBD), was applied to the preparation of networked poly(thiourethane)s (PTUs), which showed a vitrimer-like behavior, with higher stress-relaxation rates than PTUs prepared by using dibutyl thin dilaurate (DBTDL) as the catalyst. The use of these salts, which release the amines when heated, instead of the pure amines, allows the formulation to be easily manipulated to prepare any type of samples. The materials prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), trithiol (S3) and with a 10% of molar excess of isocyanate or thiol were characterized by FTIR, thermomechanical analysis, thermogravimetry, stress-relaxation tests and tensile tests, thus obtaining a complete thermal and mechanical characterization of the materials. The recycled materials obtained by grinding the original PTUs and hot-pressing the small pieces in the optimized time and temperature conditions were fully characterized by mechanical, thermomechanical and FTIR studies. This allowed us to confirm their recyclability, without appreciable changes in the network structure and performance. From several observations, the dissociative interchange trans-thiocarbamoylation mechanism was evidenced as the main responsible of the topological rearrangements at high temperature, resulting in a vitrimeric-like behavior.

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6

Lee, Kathryn K., and Leslie S. Hamachi. "Big Diels: 3D printing covalent adaptable networks." Matter 4, no. 8 (August 2021): 2634–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2021.06.025.

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7

Melchor Bañales, Alberto J., and Michael B. Larsen. "Thermal Guanidine Metathesis for Covalent Adaptable Networks." ACS Macro Letters 9, no. 7 (June 11, 2020): 937–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00352.

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8

Guo, Xinru, Feng Liu, Meng Lv, Fengbiao Chen, Fei Gao, Zhenhua Xiong, Xuejiao Chen, Liang Shen, Faman Lin, and Xuelang Gao. "Self-Healable Covalently Adaptable Networks Based on Disulfide Exchange." Polymers 14, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 3953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14193953.

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Introducing dynamic covalent bonding into thermoset polymers has received considerable attention because they can repair or recover when damaged, thereby minimizing waste and extending the service life of thermoset polymers. However, most of the yielded dynamic covalent bonds require an extra catalyst, high temperature and high-pressure conditions to trigger their self-healing properties. Herein, we report on a catalyst-free bis-dynamic covalent polymer network containing vinylogous urethane and disulfide bonds. It is revealed that the introduction of disulfide bonds significantly reduces the activation energy (reduced from 94 kJ/mol to 51 kJ/mol) of the polymer system for exchanging and promotes the self-healing efficiency (with a high efficiency of 86.92% after being heated at 100 °C for 20 h) of the material. More importantly, the mechanical properties of the healed materials are comparable to those of the initial ones due to the special bis-dynamic covalent polymer network. These results suggest that the bis-dynamic covalent polymer network made of disulfide and inter-vinyl ester bonds opens a new strategy for developing high-performance vitrimer polymers.

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9

Bowman, Christopher N., and Christopher J. Kloxin. "Covalent Adaptable Networks: Reversible Bond Structures Incorporated in Polymer Networks." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 51, no. 18 (March 2, 2012): 4272–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201200708.

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10

Gu, Yu, Yinli Liu, and Mao Chen. "High-level hierarchical morphology reinforcing covalent adaptable networks." Chem 7, no. 8 (August 2021): 1990–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2021.07.004.

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11

Chapelle, Camille, Baptiste Quienne, Céline Bonneaud, Ghislain David, and Sylvain Caillol. "Diels-Alder-Chitosan based dissociative covalent adaptable networks." Carbohydrate Polymers 253 (February 2021): 117222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117222.

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12

Soavi, Giuseppe, Francesca Portone, Daniele Battegazzore, Chiara Paravidino, Rossella Arrigo, Alessandro Pedrini, Roberta Pinalli, Alberto Fina, and Enrico Dalcanale. "Phenoxy resin-based vinylogous urethane covalent adaptable networks." Reactive and Functional Polymers 191 (October 2023): 105681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2023.105681.

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13

Lu, Jia-Hui, Zhen Li, Jia-Hui Chen, Shu-Liang Li, Jie-Hao He, Song Gu, Bo-Wen Liu, Li Chen, and Yu-Zhong Wang. "Adaptable Phosphate Networks towards Robust, Reprocessable, Weldable, and Alertable-Yet-Extinguishable Epoxy Vitrimer." Research 2022 (October 6, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9846940.

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Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) combine the uniqueness of thermoplastics and thermosets to allow for reprocessability while being covalently crosslinked. However, it is highly desirable but rarely achieved for CANs to simultaneously demonstrate reversibility and mechanical robustness. Herein, we report a feasible strategy to develop a novel epoxy vitrimer (EV) composed of adaptable phosphate networks (APNs), by which the EVs exhibit promising mechanical properties (tensile strength of 62.5 ~ 87.8 MPa and tensile modulus of 1360.1 ~ 2975.3 MPa) under ambient conditions. At elevated temperatures, the topology rearrangement occurs relied on phosphate transesterification, which contributes to the shape memory performance, self-healing, reprocessing, and welding behaviors. Moreover, the incorporation of APNs allows for improvements in anti-ignition and also the inhibition of both heat release and smoke generation to avoid empyrosis, asphyxiation, and toxication during burning, showing expected intrinsic fire safety. Thermal, mechanical properties, and flame retardancy of the reprocessed EVs after hot pressing are very close to those of the original EVs, which is attributed to the sufficient reversibility of APNs. Accordingly, combining the aforementioned features, EVs are manufactured as flame-triggered switches for fire alarms, which symbolizes the innovative development of high-performance covalent adaptable polymeric materials.

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Holloway, Joshua O., Christian Taplan, and Filip E. Du Prez. "Combining vinylogous urethane and β-amino ester chemistry for dynamic material design." Polymer Chemistry 13, no. 14 (2022): 2008–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2py00026a.

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15

Zhang, Shuai, Yubai Zhang, Yahe Wu, Yang Yang, Qiaomei Chen, Huan Liang, Yen Wei, and Yan Ji. "A magnetic solder for assembling bulk covalent adaptable network blocks." Chemical Science 11, no. 29 (2020): 7694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sc01678k.

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Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) can be reprocessed and recycled relying on reversible covalent bond structures. Magnetic solders enable flexibly welding of bulk CAN blocks by the magnetothermal effect induced bond exchange reactions.

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16

Podgórski, Maciej, Benjamin D. Fairbanks, Bruce E. Kirkpatrick, Matthew McBride, Alina Martinez, Adam Dobson, Nicholas J. Bongiardina, and Christopher N. Bowman. "Covalent Adaptable Networks: Toward Stimuli‐Responsive Dynamic Thermosets through Continuous Development and Improvements in Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs) (Adv. Mater. 20/2020)." Advanced Materials 32, no. 20 (May 2020): 2070158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202070158.

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17

Zhong, Yuanbo, Panpan Li, Xu Wang, and Jingcheng Hao. "Amoeba-inspired reengineering of polymer networks." Green Chemistry 23, no. 6 (2021): 2496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc00232e.

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Inspired by the habits of amoebas, the sugar-fueled transient liquefaction of covalent adaptable hydrogels is utilized to reconfigure the crosslinked polymer networks, which provides a green way towards the fabrication of multifunctional materials.

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18

Barakat, Carla, He Jia, and Jean-François Gohy. "Synthesis and Characterization of Vitrimer-like Self-Healing Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 2 (December 22, 2023): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022376mtgabs.

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Solid-polymer electrolytes have become crucially significant with the fast-expanding energy requirements in both the academic and industrial spheres due to their better safety and energy density compared to liquid electrolytes. Despite these encouraging possibilities, a few obstacles are associated with these electrolytes, chief among them being the limited charge transport via the solid electrode-electrolyte interface. Due to the difference in electrochemical potential between the electrode and the electrolyte, this obstruction initiates electrode-electrolyte interactions through electrode volumetric changes, interface reactions, and space charge layers. One possible way to enhance the LIB performance could be by integrating a new class of covalent adaptable networks called vitrimers. The self-healing, shape memory, recyclability, and reprocessibility properties of vitrimers, a class of covalent adaptable networks (CANs), are derived from a covalent molecular network that can change its topology through molecular rearrangements while maintaining the overall number of network bonds. In this manner, Li dendrites that might develop during battery cycling could be eliminated and the electrolyte-electrode contact could be restored by vitrimers. Figure 1

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19

Karatrantos, Argyrios V., Olivier Couture, Channya Hesse, and Daniel F. Schmidt. "Molecular Simulation of Covalent Adaptable Networks and Vitrimers: A Review." Polymers 16, no. 10 (May 11, 2024): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16101373.

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Covalent adaptable networks and vitrimers are novel polymers with dynamic reversible bond exchange reactions for crosslinks, enabling them to modulate their properties between those of thermoplastics and thermosets. They have been gathering interest as materials for their recycling and self-healing properties. In this review, we discuss different molecular simulation efforts that have been used over the last decade to investigate and understand the nanoscale and molecular behaviors of covalent adaptable networks and vitrimers. In particular, molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo, and a hybrid of molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo approaches have been used to model the dynamic bond exchange reaction, which is the main mechanism of interest since it controls both the mechanical and rheological behaviors. The molecular simulation techniques presented yield sufficient results to investigate the structure and dynamics as well as the mechanical and rheological responses of such dynamic networks. The benefits of each method have been highlighted. The use of other tools such as theoretical models and machine learning has been included. We noticed, amongst the most prominent results, that stress relaxes as the bond exchange reaction happens, and that at temperatures higher than the glass transition temperature, the self-healing properties are better since more bond BERs are observed. The lifetime of dynamic covalent crosslinks follows, at moderate to high temperatures, an Arrhenius-like temperature dependence. We note the modeling of certain properties like the melt viscosity with glass transition temperature and the topology freezing transition temperature according to a behavior ruled by either the Williams–Landel–Ferry equation or the Arrhenius equation. Discrepancies between the behavior in dissociative and associative covalent adaptable networks are discussed. We conclude by stating which material parameters and atomistic factors, at the nanoscale, have not yet been taken into account and are lacking in the current literature.

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20

Delahaye, Maarten, Flaminia Tanini, Joshua O. Holloway, Johan M. Winne, and Filip E. Du Prez. "Double neighbouring group participation for ultrafast exchange in phthalate monoester networks." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 32 (2020): 5207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0py00681e.

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21

Wang, Sheng, Songqi Ma, Jianfan Qiu, Anping Tian, Qiong Li, Xiwei Xu, Binbo Wang, Na Lu, Yanlin Liu, and Jin Zhu. "Upcycling of post-consumer polyolefin plastics to covalent adaptable networks via in situ continuous extrusion cross-linking." Green Chemistry 23, no. 8 (2021): 2931–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0gc04337k.

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22

Hammer, Larissa, Nathan J. Van Zee, and Renaud Nicolaÿ. "Dually Crosslinked Polymer Networks Incorporating Dynamic Covalent Bonds." Polymers 13, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030396.

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Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) are polymeric networks containing covalent crosslinks that are dynamic under specific conditions. In addition to possessing the malleability of thermoplastics and the dimensional stability of thermosets, CANs exhibit a unique combination of physical properties, including adaptability, self-healing, shape-memory, stimuli-responsiveness, and enhanced recyclability. The physical properties and the service conditions (such as temperature, pH, and humidity) of CANs are defined by the nature of their constituent dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs). In response to the increasing demand for more sophisticated and adaptable materials, the scientific community has identified dual dynamic networks (DDNs) as a promising new class of polymeric materials. By combining two (or more) distinct crosslinkers in one system, a material with tailored thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties can be designed. One remarkable ability of DDNs is their capacity to combine dimensional stability, bond dynamicity, and multi-responsiveness. This review aims to give an overview of the advances in the emerging field of DDNs with a special emphasis on their design, structure-property relationships, and applications. This review illustrates how DDNs offer many prospects that single (dynamic) networks cannot provide and highlights the challenges associated with their synthesis and characterization.

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23

Caprasse, Jérémie, Raphaël Riva, Jean-Michel Thomassin, and Christine Jérôme. "Hybrid covalent adaptable networks from cross-reactive poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(ethylene oxide) stars towards advanced shape-memory materials." Materials Advances 2, no. 21 (2021): 7077–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ma00595b.

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24

Xu, Xiwei, Songqi Ma, Sheng Wang, Jiahui Wu, Qiong Li, Na Lu, Yanlin Liu, Jintao Yang, Jie Feng, and Jin Zhu. "Dihydrazone-based dynamic covalent epoxy networks with high creep resistance, controlled degradability, and intrinsic antibacterial properties from bioresources." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 22 (2020): 11261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta01419b.

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25

Sheridan, Richard J., and Christopher N. Bowman. "Understanding the process of healing of thermoreversible covalent adaptable networks." Polym. Chem. 4, no. 18 (2013): 4974–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2py20960h.

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26

Zhao, Xiao-Li, Yi-Dong Li, Yunxuan Weng, and Jian-Bing Zeng. "Biobased epoxy covalent adaptable networks for high-performance recoverable adhesives." Industrial Crops and Products 192 (February 2023): 116016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.116016.

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27

Berne, Dimitri, Vincent Ladmiral, Eric Leclerc, and Sylvain Caillol. "Thia-Michael Reaction: The Route to Promising Covalent Adaptable Networks." Polymers 14, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 4457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14204457.

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While the Michael addition has been employed for more than 130 years for the synthesis of a vast diversity of compounds, the reversibility of this reaction when heteronucleophiles are involved has been generally less considered. First applied to medicinal chemistry, the reversible character of the hetero-Michael reactions has recently been explored for the synthesis of Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs), in particular the thia-Michael reaction and more recently the aza-Michael reaction. In these cross-linked networks, exchange reactions take place between two Michael adducts by successive dissociation and association steps. In order to understand and precisely control the exchange in these CANs, it is necessary to get an insight into the critical parameters influencing the Michael addition and the dissociation rates of Michael adducts by reconsidering previous studies on these matters. This review presents the progress in the understanding of the thia-Michael reaction over the years as well as the latest developments and plausible future directions to prepare CANs based on this reaction. The potential of aza-Michael reaction for CANs application is highlighted in a specific section with comparison with thia-Michael-based CANs.

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28

Snyder, Rachel L., Claire A. L. Lidston, Guilhem X. De Hoe, Maria J. S. Parvulescu, Marc A. Hillmyer, and Geoffrey W. Coates. "Mechanically robust and reprocessable imine exchange networks from modular polyester pre-polymers." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 33 (2020): 5346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py01957j.

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Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) containing dynamic imine cross-links impart recyclability to thermoset materials, and the distribution of these cross-links greatly affects their observed thermomechanical properties.

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29

Debnath, Suman, Swaraj Kaushal, Subhankar Mandal, and Umaprasana Ojha. "Solvent processable and recyclable covalent adaptable organogels based on dynamic trans-esterification chemistry: separation of toluene from azeotropic mixtures." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 8 (2020): 1471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py01807g.

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30

Podgórski, Maciej, Nathan Spurgin, Sudheendran Mavila, and Christopher N. Bowman. "Correction: Mixed mechanisms of bond exchange in covalent adaptable networks: monitoring the contribution of reversible exchange and reversible addition in thiol–succinic anhydride dynamic networks." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 38 (2020): 6229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0py90146f.

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Correction for ‘Mixed mechanisms of bond exchange in covalent adaptable networks: monitoring the contribution of reversible exchange and reversible addition in thiol–succinic anhydride dynamic networks’ by Maciej Podgórski et al., Polym. Chem., 2020, 11, 5365–5376, DOI: 10.1039/D0PY00091D.

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Kong, Weibo, Yunyun Yang, Yanjun Wang, Hongfei Cheng, Peiyao Yan, Lei Huang, Jingyi Ning, Fanhao Zeng, Xufu Cai, and Ming Wang. "An ultra-low hysteresis, self-healing and stretchable conductor based on dynamic disulfide covalent adaptable networks." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 10, no. 4 (2022): 2012–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta08737a.

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A new strategy to achieve self-healing, anti-hysteresis and stretchable conductors was developed via the design of chemical structures and activity of dynamic bonds in covalent adaptable networks (CANs).

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32

Yang, Hua, Kai Yu, Xiaoming Mu, Xinghua Shi, Yujie Wei, Yafang Guo, and H. Jerry Qi. "A molecular dynamics study of bond exchange reactions in covalent adaptable networks." Soft Matter 11, no. 31 (2015): 6305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm00942a.

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A molecular dynamics approach is used to study the network rearrangement in covalent adaptable network polymers through bond exchange reactions where an active unit attaches to an existing bond then kicks off its pre-existing peer to form a new bond.

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33

Liu, Yanlin, Zhen Yu, Binbo Wang, Xiwei Xu, Hongzhi Feng, Pengyun Li, Jin Zhu, and Songqi Ma. "High-performance epoxy covalent adaptable networks enabled by alicyclic anhydride monoesters." European Polymer Journal 173 (June 2022): 111272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111272.

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34

Chen, Xingxing, Ruyue Wang, Chenhui Cui, Le An, Qiang Zhang, Yilong Cheng, and Yanfeng Zhang. "NIR-triggered dynamic exchange and intrinsic photothermal-responsive covalent adaptable networks." Chemical Engineering Journal 428 (January 2022): 131212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131212.

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35

Zhou, Linfang, Lin Zhou, Ming Kang, Xiuli Zhao, Guanjun Chang, and Mao Chen. "Tough non-covalent adaptable networks: Cation-π cross-linked rigid epoxy." Polymer 243 (March 2022): 124626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124626.

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36

Swartz, Jeremy L., Rebecca L. Li, and William R. Dichtel. "Incorporating Functionalized Cellulose to Increase the Toughness of Covalent Adaptable Networks." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 39 (September 4, 2020): 44110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c09215.

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37

Kloxin, Christopher J., Timothy F. Scott, Brian J. Adzima, and Christopher N. Bowman. "Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs): A Unique Paradigm in Cross-Linked Polymers." Macromolecules 43, no. 6 (March 23, 2010): 2643–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma902596s.

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Yuan, Yanchao, Huayan Chen, Lei Jia, Xinhang Lu, Shijing Yan, Jianqing Zhao, and Shumei Liu. "Aromatic polyimine covalent adaptable networks with superior water and heat resistances." European Polymer Journal 187 (April 2023): 111912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111912.

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39

Miravalle, Edoardo, Pierangiola Bracco, Valentina Brunella, Claudia Barolo, and Marco Zanetti. "Improving Sustainability through Covalent Adaptable Networks in the Recycling of Polyurethane Plastics." Polymers 15, no. 18 (September 15, 2023): 3780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15183780.

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The global plastic waste problem has created an urgent need for the development of more sustainable materials and recycling processes. Polyurethane (PU) plastics, which represent 5.5% of globally produced plastics, are particularly challenging to recycle owing to their crosslinked structure. Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) based on dynamic covalent bonds have emerged as a promising solution for recycling PU waste. CANs enable the production of thermoset polymers that can be recycled using methods that are traditionally reserved for thermoplastic polymers. Reprocessing using hot-pressing techniques, in particular, proved to be more suited for the class of polyurethanes, allowing for the efficient recycling of PU materials. This Review paper explores the potential of CANs for improving the sustainability of PU recycling processes by examining different types of PU-CANs, bond types, and fillers that can be used to optimise the recycling efficiency. The paper concludes that further research is needed to develop more cost-effective and industrial-friendly techniques for recycling PU-CANs, as they can significantly contribute to sustainable development by creating recyclable thermoset polymers.

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40

Sun, Shaojie, Guoxia Fei, Xiaorong Wang, Miao Xie, Quanfen Guo, Daihua Fu, Zhanhua Wang, He Wang, Gaoxing Luo, and Hesheng Xia. "Covalent adaptable networks of polydimethylsiloxane elastomer for selective laser sintering 3D printing." Chemical Engineering Journal 412 (May 2021): 128675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.128675.

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41

Sun, Yaguang, Hua Yang, and Yafang Guo. "Molecular dynamics simulations of solvent evaporation-induced repolymerization of covalent adaptable networks." Computational Materials Science 192 (May 2021): 110412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2021.110412.

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42

Taplan, Christian, Marc Guerre, and Filip E. Du Prez. "Covalent Adaptable Networks Using β-Amino Esters as Thermally Reversible Building Blocks." Journal of the American Chemical Society 143, no. 24 (June 14, 2021): 9140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c03316.

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43

Cao, Yuan, Min Zhi Rong, and Ming Qiu Zhang. "Covalent adaptable networks impart smart processability to multifunctional highly filled polymer composites." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 151 (December 2021): 106647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106647.

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44

Tan, Hui, Luzhi Zhang, Xiaopeng Ma, Lijie Sun, Dingle Yu, and Zhengwei You. "Adaptable covalently cross-linked fibers." Nature Communications 14, no. 1 (April 18, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37850-w.

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AbstractFibers, with over 100 million tons produced each year, have been widely used in various areas. Recent efforts have focused on improving mechanical properties and chemical resistance of fibers via covalent cross-linking. However, the covalently cross-linked polymers are usually insoluble and infusible, and thus fiber fabrication is difficult. Those reported require complex multiple-step preparation processes. Herein, we present a facile and effective strategy to prepare adaptable covalently cross-linked fibers by direct melt spinning of covalent adaptable networks (CANs). At processing temperature, dynamic covalent bonds are reversibly dissociated/associated and the CANs are temporarily disconnected to enable melt spinning; at the service temperature, the dynamic covalent bonds are frozen, and the CANs exhibit favorable structural stability. We demonstrate the efficiency of this strategy via dynamic oxime-urethane based CANs, and successfully prepare adaptable covalently cross-linked fibers with robust mechanical properties (maximum elongation of 2639%, tensile strength of 87.68 MPa, almost complete recovery from an elongation of 800%) and solvent resistance. Application of this technology is demonstrated by an organic solvent resistant and stretchable conductive fiber.

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Cui, Xiang, Lu Zhang, Yuliang Yang, and Ping Tang. "Understanding the application of covalent adaptable networks in self-repair materials based on molecular simulation." Soft Matter, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3sm01364b.

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Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) are widely used in the field of self-repair materials. They are a type of covalently cross-linked associative polymers that undergo reversible chemical reactions, and can be...

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46

van Hurne, Simon, Marijn Kisters, and Maarten M. J. Smulders. "Covalent adaptable networks using boronate linkages by incorporating TetraAzaADamantanes." Frontiers in Chemistry 11 (February 23, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2023.1148629.

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Boronic esters prepared by condensation of boronic acids and diols have been widely used as dynamic covalent bonds in the synthesis of both discrete assemblies and polymer networks. In this study we investigate the potential of a new dynamic-covalent motif, derived from TetraAzaADamantanes (TAADs), with their adamantane-like triol structure, in boronic ester-based covalent adaptable networks (CANs). The TetraAzaADamantane-boronic ester linkage has recently been reported as a more hydrolytically stable boronic ester variant, while still having a dynamic pH response: small-molecule studies found little exchange at neutral pH, while fast exchange occurred at pH 3.8. In this work, bi- and trifunctional TetraAzaADamantane linkers were synthesised and crosslinked with boronic acids to form rubber-like materials, with a Young’s modulus of 1.75 MPa. The dynamic nature of the TetraAzaADamantane networks was confirmed by stress relaxation experiments, revealing Arrhenius-like behaviour, with a corresponding activation energy of 142 ± 10 kJ/mol. Increasing the crosslinking density of the material from 10% to 33% resulted in reduced relaxation times, as is consistent with a higher degree of crosslinking within the dynamic networks. In contrast to the reported accelerating effect of acid addition to small-molecule TetraAzaADamantane complexes, within the polymer network the addition of acid increased relaxation times, suggesting unanticipated interactions between the acid and the polymer that cannot occur in the corresponding small-molecules analogues. The obtained boronate-TetraAzaADamantane materials were thermally stable up to 150°C. This thermal stability, in combination with the intrinsically dynamic bonds inside the polymer network, allowed these materials to be reprocessed and healed after damage by hot-pressing.

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Bakkali-Hassani, Camille, Dimitri Berne, Pauline Bron, Lourdes Irusta, Haritz Sardon, Vincent Ladmiral, and Sylvain Caillol. "Polyhydroxyurethane covalent adaptable networks: looking for suitable catalysts." Polymer Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3py00579h.

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Various bases (DMAP, DBU, TBD, t-BuOK), acid (p-TSA), thiourea (TU) and organometallic Lewis acid (DBTDL) were investigated as potential catalysts for the preparation of polyhydroxyurethane covalent adaptable networks.

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Jia, Yixuan, Guillaume Delaittre, and Manuel Tsotsalas. "Covalent Adaptable Networks Based on Dynamic Alkoxyamine Bonds." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, May 28, 2022, 2200178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.202200178.

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Robinson, Lindsay L., Eden S. Taddese, Jeffrey L. Self, Christopher M. Bates, Javier Read de Alaniz, Zhishuai Geng, and Craig J. Hawker. "Neighboring Group Participation in Ionic Covalent Adaptable Networks." Macromolecules, October 19, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01618.

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Zhang, Vivian, Boyeong Kang, Joseph V. Accardo, and Julia A. Kalow. "Structure–Reactivity–Property Relationships in Covalent Adaptable Networks." Journal of the American Chemical Society, November 29, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c08104.

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