Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Coutumes alimentaires – Moyen âge'
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Unsain, Dianne. "Histoire d'os : enjeux sociaux, économiques et environnementaux des ressources carnées en Provence (Xème - XIIème siècles) : les apports de l'archéozoologie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/211129_UNSAIN_331suql41fbcot678nd262spb_TH.pdf.
Full textThis PhD thesis analyses the remains of mammals and birds found on four Provençal sites from the first feudal age (10th-12th century, Alpes de Haute-Provence). Almost 45,000 fragments were analysed. Notre-Dame of Allemagne-en-Provence is our main reference site. It consists of an aristocratic residence that was replaced by two successive fortins. At the same time as these occupations, a peasant settlement developed nearby. Two other contemporary seigneurial installations were also treated: the Moutte of Allemagne-en-Provence and the Roca of Niozelles. These three castra are of major interest, as they bear witness to the birth of private "castles" in Provence and to the daily life of the rural elites. Finally, the settlement of Petra Castellana (Castellane) offers a primordial contrast for understanding the functioning and specificities of the peasant community of Notre-Dame.Meat diet of Provence in the early Middle Ages was long misunderstood. This work addresses social, economic, cultural, and environmental dimensions of human-animal relations. For this purpose, the work of related disciplines is widely mobilised. More specifically, the aim is to characterise the production and management strategies of the territory, herds, and animal economy of the rural elites (lords and military). Their dietary behaviours are analysed and compared with those of humble populations to identify similarities, discrepancies, as well as relationships between these different social groups
Ouerfelli, Mohamed. "Le sucre : production, commercialisation et uages dans la Méditerranée médiévale." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010539.
Full textPauthier, Philippe. "Chasse, pêche, élevage et alimentation : archéozoologie des marges occidentales du Saint-Empire romain germanique, et orientales du Royaume de France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUL015.
Full textMy work explores the relationships between man and animal, from the medieval period to the modern period, through the analysis of skeletal remains in Eastern France, in a castral and urban context. This work is based on the analysis of more than 90,000 animal bone remains found on archaeological sites. These remains come from mammals, birds and fish.The aim of my research is above all to draw up a picture of the meat diet of the wealthy sections of the population - the castral nobility or the rich bourgeoisie. The main themes concern the history of butchery, the techniques for processing meat and fish, culinary choices and prohibitions, supplying cities and social characterization through food practices. Possessions of animals as luxury goods, such as dogs constituting a hunting pack, or the importation of exotic animals, also come into play.These analyzes also make it possible to better understand the specialization of each site, and to compare these sites with each other for reflection on a regional scale. The zooarchaeological results are compared with the archaeological context in which they were discovered. The analysis of the faunal spectra obtained makes it possible to observe social distinctions through diet, as well as their evolution. Asking questions about these gaps over time also means checking the sustainability of these privileged social classes
Mureau, Cyprien. "Consommation et exploitation des ressources animales en Auvergne et en Languedoc de l’Antiquité tardive au haut Moyen Âge." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCH019.
Full textThis research takes stock of archaeozoological investigations to this day in Auvergne and Languedoc (France), two regions still lacking a synthetic account of available material of the transition between Antiquity and the Middle Ages. It relies on analysis of 155 000 fauna remains recovered mainly from 39 rural sites dated from the 4th to 8th centuries AD. The faunal material has been split in 460 groups, called chrono-stratigraphic samples. They serve as a foundation for the estimate of each species’ status, dietary habits and waste management. These case studies have provided evidence for a synthetic theory of the production and consumption of animal resources, the better to understand how rural communities of the time and localities cared for their livestock.The synthesis begins with a osteometrical analysis of domestic animals, shedding further light on the acknowledged but poorly-documented phenomenon of progressive size decrease in bovines, caprines and pigs. Further studies help single out unique local swine forms between the Languedoc and Auvergne regions, along with two asinine forms which indicate the incoming and predominance of a small shape during the Late Antiquity in southern France. The wide range of canine bones dimensions give information about a wide variety of shapes in domestic dog, while the wide size range of feline bones equates to the joint presence of domestic cats, wild cats and Iberian lynxes. Bone study then focused on identifying origins and function in order to classify avenues and methods of release from animal waste. A variety of practices for butchering, cooking and consuming the flesh, was thereby uncovered through a taxonomic and anatomical classification, providing grounds for a diachronic and interregional analysis of meat diets and pastoral practices in the area under study.Despite localised variations, animal husbandry and trade of animal goods seems to have undergone coherent, regional change across the area under study, with a notable increase in caprine populations throughout the Late Antiquity followed by a renewed rise in bovines and a progressively higher average age for herd animals as exploitation and trade of flat oysters ceased. These are but a few examples of a constant evolution of the methods and practices for exploitation of animal resources, an evolution which would suggest that progression toward a medieval model was far from linear but rather underwent oscillating cycles, testifying to the vitality and adaptive qualities of rural populations
Meloni, Dino. "Cuisine, écriture et savoir : transmissions et renaissance de la cuisine médiévale anglaise (XIe-XVe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040232.
Full textThe twelfth-century renaissance in England is characterized by the hegemony of the Plantagenets as well as Anglo-Norman intellectual thriving. However, no study has yet defended the thesis of an Anglo-Norman culinary renaissance. This dissertation aims at highlighting the connexity between power, knowledge and cuisine and at demonstrating how the mechanism of translatio imperii et studiorum also sets in motion a dynamic of translatio coquinæ. While an elaborate system of governance supports the flourishing of elite cuisine, gastronomy is itself a legitimizing attribute of Anglo-Norman political strategy and influence. In the twelfth century, the enthusiasm for recently discovered Greco-Arabic culture and knowledge establishes a sense of classical culinary revival and stresses the will to break from Anglo-Saxon heritage. Recovering and improving a glorious past echoes in the concept of "renaissance". The promotion of writing as a receptacle of knowledge is equally fundamental. From the twelfth century onwards, the first Western medieval recipes inherited from Greco-Arabic tradition, reveal a new relationship between writing and cooking. Through the depreciation oral culture and memory, considered unreliable, this renaissance establishes and passes down a strong belief in the civilizing gastronomic progress generated by cookbooks, while in contrast, the absence of recipes involve less sophisticated cooking and a less civilized society. Born from the conception of translatio imperii et studiorum, the translatio coquinae has produced a mythomoteur and a gastronomic myth now firmly rooted in Western culinary heritage and in historiographic methodology dogma
Oubahli, Mohamed. ""La main et le pétrin" : alimentation céréalière et pratiques culinaires dans l'Occident musulman au Moyen Age." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0047.
Full textLadouès, Françoise. "Les pélerinages en Aquitaine centrale du XIIème au XVème siècle. Essai de typologie et d'étude des pratiques." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040146.
Full textThe middle ages were times when concrete religious practices were the sign of a mentality. The pilgrimage is one of the most well spread practice: the road, the stick, the veneration of relics. . . Are as many demonstrations of a very developed religiosity. In central Aquitaine, the diocese of Bordeaux, Bazas, Périgueux and then Sarlat, which was, at the same time, a place visited by pilgrims particularly on their way to saint Jacques de Compostelle, and the place where the closed sanctuaries are quite numerous, the practices have evolved between the 12th and the 15th century. After a period of big turmoil, the XIVth and the XVth centuries have witnessed a rise of individualism and the development of "the race to indulgences". The old sanctuaries were however still visited. So this work will able to be carried on because the sources are scattered. An inventory of the sanctuaries has been made, a typology of the sanctuaries has been tried and the practices of pilgrims have been registered
Coumert, Magali. "Les récits d'origine des peuples dans le haut Moyen Age occidental (milieu VIe - milieu IXe siècle)." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100133.
Full textThis work refutes the hypothesis of a core of ethnic traditions that could be read in the origin accounts written in the early middle ages. Instead of ethnic traditions, it shows how these accounts reflected antic ethnography. They took from its learned works the descriptions of the origin places they present, Troy, Scandia or Scythia, as the symbolic events that gradually allowed each people to settle down in the roman empire. Each origin account could be, and was, rewritten and changed to illustrate a new political context. They presented so a changing identity for each people, open to any modification for the present times
Preiss, Sidonie. "Exploitation des ressources végétales et pratiques alimentaires dans le Nord de la France entre les Xème et XIIème siècles : études carpologiques de la motte castrale de Boves (Amiens, Somme) et des sites environnants." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0024.
Full textArchaeobotanical investigations of Medieval sites in Northern France have provided charred and mineralised plant remains. Despite some taphonomical constraints of the different preservation of these plant assemblages, archaebotanical analysis revealed valuable information on the diet, the agriculture and the horticultural production of the medieval population in Northern France between 10th and 12th century AD. Fruit are very abundant and attest a wide-spread fructiculture. Questions like cultivations of "wild forest fruits" or the imported or cultivated status from the figs are asked. The potential of archaeobotanical indicators of social level is to be discussed from the food practices and the diet. Finally, the mineralization process is approached and its induction by practices of purification within latrines/ pits garbage dump is suggested
Gilbert, Sylvie. "Sortir de table, les performances alimentaires de Carmen Miranda, Louise Mercille et des religieuses du Moyen Âge." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ54263.pdf.
Full textValéry, Raphaël. "L'enseignement du comportement social (courtoisie et bonnes manières) : en Europe occidentale aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H103.
Full textThe first part of thesis analyses the sources of instruction of comportment during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. They are limited to the sources of the saint empire, of Italy, Spain, France and England, in addition to documents written in vulgat language, French and Provencal, to testimonies, chronic, memory of contemporaries, as well as material support : manuscripts and libraries. If chronological evolution of this sort of instruction was little sensitive through those centuries, it is possible to verify that - on the contrary - regional traditions were well marked and sometimes visible within the Latin tradition. The second part studies more precisely the instruction of comportment in four directions : vocabulary, protagonists, biology, and pedegogy. The vocabulary confirms the existence of regional traditions and precises the social concern of the authors : integration of young people to the upper stratums, concern confirmed in turn through the study of protagonists. Pedagogy shows an informal teaching taking place in the form of readings, advises, mimic, experience. Conclusion separates interpretation, social, ideological and chronological problems from the final results in which the author groups sixteen affirmations, not only more punctual, but more certain aswell
Lagane, Cécile. "Les meubles et l'ameublement en Europe occidentale du VIe au XIIIe siècle : archéologie, iconographie, textes." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN1012.
Full textThis work is a pluridisciplinary study of archaeological artefacts, images and texts on the subject of furniture in Western Europe from the 6th to the 13th c. It deals with the technical aspects of furniture making, such as wood species, their origins and means of joining the different parts of a piece of furniture, as well as a more sociological approach related to its use and specificities during the Middle Ages. This latter notion concerns the everyday use of furniture as well as more remarquable ones, including in funerary context or regarding the symbolic role it can hold. Local particularisms and chronological evolutions are taken into account and developped
Levillain-Angoulvant, Françoise. "Le théâtre religieux dans le Maine à la fin du Moyen Age : (c 1450-1550)." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA3003_1.pdf.
Full textThe study of religious theater performed in the Maine province, at the end of the Middle Ages, permits an approach of the religious attitudes of its inhabitants. It enables us to discover the Christian doctrine taught then and the religious behaviours. As in the case of sermons, we find there a strong emphasis on sins and their consequences, for example on the stage the audience can see the Devil carrying the sinners's soul away to hell. Whilst the nobleman plays a main role amongst the characters, women and unconventionnal figures or dropouts, are not left out. At reading the plays we discover the fears and anxieties of the population, faced with death, calamities and wars, also we notice how they found ways to overcome these problems, with the help of religion or the supernatural , also including a certain sense of humour. The staging of the torments inflicted to Christ or to the martyrs is an indication of the violence of the society which appears to look at such performances with fascination. After decades of crisis in the XIVth and XVth centuries, this theater develops while reconstruction begins and spreads in the province. At the same time, the artistic production rejoins the same existential concerns and the murals in country churches stand as proof of the protection asked from the saints whose lives were known through theater
Gauzente, Boris. "Les abbayes et les couvents de Besançon à la fin du Moyen âge (1350-1500) : des établissements urbains entre crise et renaissance : implantations, organisations et relations extérieures." Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2009BESA1035.
Full textWhere we introduce Besançon’s abbeys and convents History between 1350 and 1500. How several establishments – different by their ages, lifestyles, activities and religious functions - try to face the same events - demographic, economic, religious crises and wars of the low Middle Ages - according to their own customs and with different material and spiritual success. The regular canons of Saint-Paul, the Benedictines of Saint-Vincent and the Cistercians of Notre-Dame of Battant distinguish themselves from mendicants friars - Dominicans, Franciscans and Carmelites - and even more with Clarisses, returned to a strict rule of poverty by Colette, reformer nun of the order of St. Clare at the beginning of the XVth century. From the municipal sources and the ancient archives of these abbeys and convents, we tried to understand what was the reality of such establishments in these disturbed time. We mainly held the material subjects (buildings and the many construction sites mentioned as well as an approach of the temporal in the county of Burgundy and in the city of Besançon), the social study of the monks and the nuns as well as their organization within their respective community and their roles. The municipal archives, a strikingly rich fund, allowed us to understand how the monastic and conventual establishments of the city of Besançon fitted into the urban, economic and religious life, and what were their relations with the city authorities. In this search for the links with the outside, we also mentionned the case of the count of Burgundy, lord of the province but not of the city, who is also the duke of Burgundy, to try to understand how nuns and monks open to the world in a time when the laic power tends to assert itself especially since the pope ones are weakened by the Western Schism and the conciliar crisis which follows
Couderc-Barraud, Hélène. "Le mode de résolution des conflits en Gascogne, du milieu du XIe siècle au début du XIIIe siècle." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20008.
Full textFrom the eleventh century until the beginning of the thirteenth century, conflict resolution in medieval Gascony took a variety of forms. During a first period, from 1050-1150, such resolutions were primarily focused on re-establishing the peace with the help of local lords, or if necessary before the prince, ecclesiastical authorities, or both. These processes reveal the persistence of public, lay authority, especially in the area of the Pyreneen piedmont and in the Adour basin. Yet at the same time, we can trace the relationships of men to men and the detectable diffusion of the ban. This balance was disrupted by two different developments : the growth of towns and villages generated new alliances between the prince and the region ; the Gregorian reform imposed a new hierarchical and juridical culture on the Church in Gascony. This new legalist culture then spread to laypeople, by means of the cities of Bordeaux, Auch, and Toulouse, although it was far from fully implanted
Dillmann, François-Xavier. "Les Magiciens dans l'Islande ancienne : études sur la représentation de la magie islandaise et de ses agents dans les sources littéraires norroises." Caen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CAEN1005.
Full textAfter dealing with the magical phenomenon in the old icelandic commonwealth (first part, this doctoral thesis studies the anthropological (physical and psychical) characteristics of the icelandic magicians and wizards, and discusses the question about the existence of chamanism in the old norse literary sources (second part). The third part is composed of a sociological description of the icelandic magicians: juridical, economical and social (with a discussion about the profession of magician) situation, ethnical geographical origins, dwelling forms, family life and sexual behaviour, and social relationship
De, Rasse Marie. "Le vêtement féminin à Paris chez les non-nobles, XIVe - XVe siècles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010504.
Full textOver the last few years, historians have developed an interest in medieval clothing from a perspective that goes , beyond the simple analysis of artistic representations. Several careful studies of the accounts of courts from the late Middle Ages placed clothing in its socio-economic context and revealed its importance in the way individuals construct their public image. However, this approach has, thus far, not been well applied in studies of the non-noble population. The purpose of this thesis is to deal with women's clothing in Parisian society of the late Middle Ages, outside of the princely courts. This study will use a large body of practical sources, including tailors' accounts, women' s wills, inventories taken after a death, and wedding contracts. These will be supplemented by ether written sources – orders, reviews, teaching. sermons - and a large corpus of iconographic representations. Analyzing these sources allows one to further consider the practical aspects of the shape of clothes, the clothing economic system, and the role that clothing plays in the interactions that women, from bourgeoisie to prostitute, maintain with their contemporaries. Thanks to these elements, we will attempt to finally ascertain if the Parisian population, outside of the princely courts, presents a fashion of its own that differentiates it from other social groups, including the nobility
Choisy, Guillou Charlotte. "La céramique domestique : approches fonctionnelles et pratiques alimentaires à l’Âge du Fer dans l’Ouest de la Gaule d’après les données archéologiques et archéométriques." Thesis, Lorient, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORIL508.
Full textThis Ph.D. focuses on the cuisine as a social and cultural indicator, based on the study of Iron Age pottery. Hence 1072 potteries, from 64 archaeological sites located in the current regions of Normandy and Brittany, compose this study corpus. An original methodology enables to sort vessels between various culinary uses (i.e. from pantry to table). The results show that each area has its own functional typology, unchanged throughout the period. Moreover, this permanence of cooking items can be considered as an evidence for intergenerational transmission of cooking habits and gestures. Confronting cookware to other food-related data, such as food resources, non-ceramic artifacts, storage or combustion structures, helped design a food model specific to each studied area. Some common points were identified between the Armoricaine communities and those of the Plaine de Caen, for instance using individual sets of dishes during the meal. Nonetheless cooking methods appear to be different. Boiled technique seems specific to the Armoricaine area, whereas slow-cooked dishes as stews appear to be the most common cooking method in the Plaine de Caen area. The Breton ware allows to think that a dish exhibition is thought as soon as the cooking preparation phase begins. In contrast, the use of cooking pots as serving dishes is typical of Western Paris basin crockery. Consequently, vessels are multifunctional, demonstrating the fact that ill-defined boundaries exist between the different culinary functions: storage, preparation, cooking, presentation and consumption
Roberge, Karine. "Crime ou péché? : recherches sur l'évolution du discours judiciaire à la fin du Moyen Âge (1240-1430)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17771.
Full textBully, Aurélia. "Entre réformes et mutations : la vie spirituelle et matérielle de l'abbaye de Saint-Oyend-de-Joux (Saint-Claude) de la fin du XIVe siècle au début du XVIe siècle." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA1033.
Full textIn the late 14th Century, the abbey of Saint-Claude, still called Saint-Oyend-de-Joux in the Middle-Ages, entered a period of great transformations. These affected, in particular, the organisation of the monastic community and buildings (which underwent major overhauls), and the status of Saint-Claude’s ecclesiastical estate. Internal problems at the abbey led to the intervention of Philip the Good, the Duke of Burgundy who denounced the situation to Pope Nicholas V. A reform was subsequently implemented in 1448 and then in 1462, despite more or less reluctance on the part of the monks. The reform strongly condemned the lack of obedience to the Benedictine rules, which was more a sign of the slow secularisation of the monastic way of life, experienced by many monastic establishments at this time, than a true sign of decadence. The example of Saint-Claude enables us to call into question the whole reality of the decline of the religious orders in the late Middle-Ages. Because this reform, even if it indicted the excesses of the Saint-Claudian monks, intervened in a context in which the consequences of the Great Schism, the reform of the religious orders and the influence of the powers, play a major role. The 15th Century is therefore a pivotal era for this abbey founded in 435, which was forced to face up to its failings, to resolve its weaknesses and to re-think the view it held of itself. The ray of light that was the pilgrimage to Saint Claude in the late 15th Century was evidence of its ability to lift itself up after a difficult period in its history
Tritsaroli, Paraskevi. "Pratiques funéraires en Grèce centrale à la période byzantine : analyse à partir des données archéologiques et biologiques." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MNHN0004.
Full textThe aim of this analysis is to show variations of the structures of the funerary space in Central Greece during the Byzantine period, based on bioarchaeological data. Results show that socioeconomic and political changes through Byzantine times can certainly be seen in burial custom. Burials in the Early Byzantine cemetery form two different social groups probably related to a period of regional political-economic crisis. At the Middle Byzantine period an important variety in the grave architecture was noticed and conditions of life seem to be improved. Differential use of the funerary structures as well as the significance of the inhumations according to their emplacement within or around the church seems to be the impact of social factors. The representation of individuals within graves and cemeteries as well as the organization of the funerary space in each period are related to socioeconomic parameters
Laurent-Bonne, Nicolas. "Les donations entre époux : doctrine, coutumes et législation (XIIe-XVIe siècle)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020064.
Full textImmediately following the juridical renaissance of the 12th century and the rediscovery of the Justinian codification of Roman law, medieval jurists were committed to creating a general principle prohibiting donations between spouses. As early as the first half of the 13th century, however, civil law experts and canonists modulated the restrictions, thereby moving from strict prohibition to a simple system of revocability. French practitioners, responding to requests from married people concerned to protect their surviving spouse, contributed to weakening the constraints of Roman and canon law; promissory oaths, renunciation clauses and donations through an intermediary comprised such contrivances, which were sometimes even improvised and fraudulent. Despite this long doctrinal slide and the palliatives drawn up by notaries, such interdictions persisted over a long period of time in most territorial legislations, redrafted and repeatedly reformed according to the standards of Roman law from the high Middle Ages to the beginning of the modern times
Dumargne, Anne-Clothilde. "Les chandeliers en bronze, en cuivre et laiton en Europe du XIIIe au XVIIe siècle. Production, diffusion et usages." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV016.
Full textThis work focuses, from an interdisciplinary perspective, on bronze, copper and brass candlesticks produced in Europe between the 13th and the 17th century. These objects have been neglected since the end of the 19th century and abandoned to the despised field of minor and popular arts. Since that time, they have never been considered as a real research topic. Since these ordinary objects are anepigraphic and because of the impossibility to attribute them to specific workshops, the research have been reduced to stylistic and typological issues.This study aims at overcoming the traditional approach that confines research into aporetic considerations. It mobilized several types of sources – written ones, archaeological ones, iconographic ones and analytical ones – to study candlesticks in context. They contributed to describe and analyze the life course of an ordinary utensil in medieval and modern societies in both secular and religious contexts. This is why the historicization of candlesticks is here built on materiality.This work focuses on metallurgical production, on copper alloys craftsmen, on the composition of alloys, on the diffusion of candlesticks in society and on practical, cultural, symbolic and devotional uses. The discussion also points out that this methodology helps to understand how the different types of sources, because they concern different social groups, different contexts, different protagonists and different lexical realities, influence how these objects were perceived
Levy, Fabien. "La Monarchie et la Commune : les relations entre Gênes et la France, 1396-1512." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040193.
Full textFrom 1396 to 1512, Genoa, incapable of ruling itself, gives itself over to France three times, thus enabling the encounter of two opposit political, social and cultural models. The evolution of their relationship, obviously conflictual, outlines throughout the fifteenth century the triumph of the Monarchy over the Commune. On the diplomatical level first, where Genoa becomes progressively the French gateway to Italy, providing funds and ships to each expedition. Then amoung the Citys' government, where the governors implement increasingly arbitrary practices inspired by monarchy principles. But a victory in appearance only, masking the resurgence of a civic ideal in the city. An ideal that will flourish all along the century under foreign influence, supported by a group of city dwellers united around the values of Liberty, Union and Stability. And an ideal that will end up being the basis of the 1528, enabling the Genovese to enter their « golden century »
Aloni, Gila. "Pouvoir et autorité dans "Le légendier des Dames Verteuses" de Chaucer." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040014.
Full textRivière, Karine. "Les actes de culte en Grèce : de l’époque mycénienne à la fin de l’époque archaïque." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100148.
Full textSince M. Nilsson’s work, it is accepted that the Greeks of the Archaic Period have inherited some of their religious habits from the Mycenaean era. From the XIIIth down to the VIth century BCE, the Greeks offered to their gods parts taken from domestic animals, cultivated plants, and drinkable liquids by burning them, depositing them in an appropriate place, or pouring them. Still, during eight centuries where there have been huge crisis, political disruptions, and population displacements, major religious changes took place. Those suggest that even practices that seem to have been the same have enventually been adapted to new contexts. This is especially the case for those associated with food offerings. Because they are closely related to the basic needs of humans, but can still be pretty distant from them, food offerings encourage researchers to focus on what religious practices tell us about how sacred matters were embeded into Greek mutating societies. From the Mycenaean down to the Archaic period, cult is an instrument of power. The social and political organisation of Greek communities was both represented and reinforced by the distribution of religious privileges, the definition of which goods were suitable for the offerings, and the possibility, or impossibility, for everyone to share with the gods. Religion and politic share an intimate relationship, but cult practices also closely reflect how the Greeks thought the world they lived in. New questions about religion and the definition of sacred space naturally followed the development of philosophy during the archaic period
Montreuil, Arnaud. "«Ob remedium et salutem animae» : la commémoraison des défunts et le Livre des fondations de Notre-Dame-du-Châtel d'Autun (1468-1649)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25456.
Full textThe Book of Foundations of Notre-Dame-du-Châtel d’Autun is an unpublished manuscript written between 1478 and 1649 which contains 68 acts concerning the foundation of anniversaries for the dead. The first purpose of this essay is to understand the nature of this codex by studying its structure, its drafting process, and its uses, all through a codicological analysis. Moreover, this paper aims to describe the social medieval practices chronicled by the manuscript: the commemoration of the dead as well as the establishment and subsequent celebration of anniversaries as mentioned in the chapter of Notre-Dame d'Autun. This essay also includes the transcript of the aforementioned Book of Foundations.