Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cour Commune'
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Capo-Chichi, Videkon Fantine. "L’autorité juridictionnelle de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne et de la Cour Commune de Justice et d’Arbitrage de l’OHADA." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO22023.
Full textAccording to the treaty on the European Union, the Court of justice ensures that, in the interpretation and application of the treaties the law is observed. As such, it interprets EU law to make sure it is applied in the same way in all EU countries. In the same way, the treaty of the Organization for the Harmonization of the Business Law in Africa (OHBLA) has conferred to the Common Court of Justice and Arbitration (CCJA) the power to rule on, in the contracting states, the interpretation and enforcement of the treaty. Both regional courts share with national courts the power to apply the law resulting from the treaties.But there has not been a fusion of the judicial system of the member states and the community judicial system. No judicial hierarchy has been established between community courts and national courts. This brings the question of by which means the regional courts can enforce the uniform application of the law in the member states. After analysis, it appears that by granting jurisdictional power, the treaties gave a supranational authority to the European Court of Justice and the CCJA. In addition to the power granted to them, the courts also generate authority through their jurisdictional activities. Thus, the courts work for a better integration of the judicial systems by adopting more and more conquering authoritarian positions. This phenomenon has led to a change in the classical conception of the sources of power of the courts. The CCJA enjoys more power from treaties than the European Court of Justice which is more offensive in case law setting
Diallo, Abdou. "Réflexion sur l’arbitrage dans l’espace OHADA." Thesis, Perpignan, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PERP0020/document.
Full textFirstly, arbitration should be a primary motivator for the creation of the Oganization for Harmonization of Business Law in Africa to fight against the legal insecurity and promote development. This arbitration taites it’s inspiration from rules of international arbitration which gives a particular importance to the will of the parties. The arbitration in the OHADA zone is governed by its Treaty and an uniform act as well as the rules of arbitration of the common Court of justice and Arbitration(CCJA).The Law of arbitartion has certainly improved the legal framework especially in the countries which do not have it. However, after several years of existance. this arbitration is confronted with several difficulties of application. This difficulties originated from its its various parties i.e. Therefore, our reflection aims at analysing the difficulties of application which originates from the arbitration dispute and to propose measures which could improve the Law and the practice of Arbitration
Bayo, Bybi Blandine. "Le rôle de la Cour Commune de Justice et d’Arbitrage dans la sécurisation de l’espace O. H. A. D. A." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0085.
Full textTjouen, Alex-François. "Les rapports entre les juridictions suprêmes nationales et la Cour commune de justice et d'arbitrage de l'Organisation pour l'harmonisation en Afrique du droit des affaires (OHADA)." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020044.
Full textBachoué-Pedrouzo, Géraldine. "Le contrôle juridictionnel de la coopération intergouvernementale dans l'Union européenne. Contribution au processus de juridictionnalisation de l’Union." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU2008/document.
Full textDuring a long time, the judicial control of the intergovernmental cooperation in the European Union remained a difficulty. Initially, the sideline of the judge conditioned the use of this cooperation, organised “in” the European Union. However, each step forward of the Treaties led to a progress of the judge of the Union and, from the very beginning, cooperation has resulted in the creation of a significant jurisprudence. Indeed, intergovernmental cooperation in the European Union constitutes a privileged field for investigation, which may contribute to enrich the study of a process, the process of judicialization of the European Union. Away from sterilizing this hypothesis, it was eventually confirmed and valued by the Lisbon Treaty. The analyse of the jurisprudence concerning the common foreign and security policy and the police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters reveals the existence of a model of judicial control over the intergovernmental cooperation in the European Union. This model is based on the principle of control. The admission of the principle, at the constitutional level, is a form of outcome of the process; it allows understanding the establishment and the extent of the process, as well as it materializes a new step in this process. The European judge evolves in a system of control, constituted by the national Court and the European Court of Human Rights. The judges’ interactions are essential in order to understand the evolution of the role of the European Union judge. Although it appears classical to expect from a constitutional judge that he rules the institutional system and that he ensures the protection of fundamental rights, the intergovernmental action material and operational requirements contribute to the deployment of an ordinary judicial function. These two axes of research, principle and functions, project a comprehensive highlight on the model under construction, and allow apprehending, in its entirety, the process of judicialization of the intergovernmental cooperation in the European Union
Portron, Quentin. "Du tronc commun au socle commun (1945-2005) : La question de la culture commune au coeur de la démocratisation de l'école." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC022/document.
Full textOur study analyzes the projects of common core (between 1993 and 2006) and core curriculum (between 1944 and 1977) from a double perspective: “democratization of selection” and “democratization of success”.On the opposite side from the institutional common core (2005-2006) which failed in getting out of the system of reference which is characteristic of the segregationist democratization of the French education system, the common core put forward by the Thélot committee is in keeping with a paradigm of “democratization of success”, the latter taking roots in a philosophical tradition which can be found in projects such as those defined by the Education minister René Billères (1956-1958) or the Langevin-Wallon committee. Beyond their different approaches, historical contexts or goals, the common point is the widening of a common culture for all, beyond an academic angle, which tend to promote a logic of selection.From the “democratization of success” point of view, the essential for everyone can only be gained within the framework of a “culture for all”
Khalifa, Ahmed Fathy. "Les techniques d'imputation devant les juridictions pénales internationales : réflexion sur la responsabilité pénale individuelle." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT3017.
Full textThe establishment of International criminal tribunals raises the question of techniques of attributing criminal liability. Having the individual as « subject », the principle of individual criminal responsibility is at issue. On the one hand, International criminal law borrows traditional techniques of imputing liability from national law. Not only those techniques that depend on the completion of an international crime; as forms of perpetration and complicity, but also those that attribute responsibility independently of the completion of international crime; as attempt and specific incrimination of some forms of complicity. Individual criminal responsibility in its traditional connotation is confirmed. On the other hand, International criminal law forges new techniques of imputing liability to accommodate the collective nature of international crimes. Based on the idea of « group » action, associative techniques are introduced. As such, the responsibility for membership in criminal organisation, or even the responsibility for group crimes through notions like « joint criminal enterprise » or « joint control » are applied. In the meanwhile, the structural aspect of entities committing international crimes is taken in consideration. Superiors who manipulate organisations under their control are considered as indirect perpetrators. Also, superiors who fail to stop or to punish crimes committed by their subordinates are held responsible. Each one of these new techniques of imputing responsibility metamorphoses one or more aspects of what is generally intended by the principle of individual criminal responsibility. Reconstructing the notion seems due
Mainnevret, Romain. "Le contrôle juridictionnel du respect par les États membres des droits fondamentaux garantis par l'Union européenne." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMD009.
Full textThis thesis demonstrates the existence of a genuine judicial review of compliance by Member States regarding fundamental rights guaranteed by the European Union. It is based mainly on the reasoning that this control has been reinforced, in line with the integration process characterizing the Union's legal system; French law, as a constituent right of this system, is studied. Historically, the Court of Justice started to produce the reference standards for control by means of the reference for a preliminary ruling, allowing them to progressively emerge, adhering to the scope of EU law. This framework is, in principle, the scope of its exercise. The integrative strengthening of the review, inseparable from these legal bases, entails the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon and the binding legal force of the Charter of Fundamental Rights.. The recognition of review in “dispositional” law is a strong illustration of this. It has continued with this expansion, initiated by this treaty, and also brought about by different judges within the Union’s legal system. This has weakened the principle of its exercise within the scope of the Union’s law. Furthermore, this strengthening has been amplified by an overall consolidation of the courts’ review function. Indeed, it’s common law judges – in principle, ordinary national judges – who operate as a review on developments, in particular; a contrario, the Court of Justice has not had much of a chance to do so within the framework of this action, failing to fulfil its obligations. Yet, - the demonstration continues – new review bodies emerge. These will be the constitutional judge, and in the longer term, the European Court of Human Rights
El, Abdallah Fadi. "La clause exorbitante du droit commun devant la Cour de cassation." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020043.
Full textTchuinte, Joël. "L'Application effective du droit communautaire en Afrique centrale." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0549/document.
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Nebel, Catherine. "L' adaptation du loup (bar) "dicentrarchus labrax" à la salinité au cours de l'ontogenèse : approche écophysiologique, cellulaire et moléculaire." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20118.
Full textGEIDER, OLIVIER. "Modelisation et commande d'actionneur pneumatique a faible cout." Toulouse, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAT0021.
Full textMercantini, Jean-Marc. "Contribution à l'étude et à la réalisation d'un système de pilotage pour une prothèse cardiaque d'assistance provisoire." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30012.
Full textHerbert, Joseph Howard. "The Soviet coup : a command, control, and communications analysis." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/24041.
Full textBachta, Waël Gangloff Jacques. "Chirurgie cardiaque à coeur battant conception et commande d'un stabilisateur cardiaque actif /." Strasbourg : Université de Strasbourg, 2009. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/1042/01/BACHTA_Wael_2008.pdf.
Full textFipa, Nguepjo Jacques. "Le rôle des juridictions supranationales de la CEMAC et de l'OHADA dans l'intégration des droits communautaires par les Etats membres." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020030/document.
Full textThe Communautary Court of Justice (CCJ), the Communautary Court of Account (CCA) and the Common Court of Justice and Arbitration (CCJA) are the three supranational jurisdictions respectively created by EMCAC and OHBLA treaties to reinforce the new processes of economical and judicial integration for their member States. In the measure where these jurisdictions are competent to exercise a juridictional control, by determining the communautary norms, the first control being carried out by the national juridictions, the conception, the organisation, the functioning, the characteristics, the roles or competences of these new jurisdictions and also the destiny of the decisions they rend in their strictly judiciary functions or in their accessory functions of supporting the arbitral procedure, present an interest worthy of a doctorate research. If it appears that the supplementary Milestones of efficiency of the new processes of integration had been installed by the creation of the said jurisdictions, it had also been observed that the gravities of jurisdictional, structural or functional order continue to delay the speed of cruise. The solutions that we have proposed to overcome these difficulties involves the reorganization of communautary jurisdictions, the clearly distribution of competences between them, the reinforcement of the communautarian law control procedure, a permanent vulgarisation of integration law, a revalorisation of executary titles, a clarification of immunity of execution domain, a development of the recovery procedures, a continual training of judicial actors, and improvement of their working and living conditions, a resurgence of moral ethic, a real independence of the Justice… This means that the study put a stress on the obstacles which hold up the new processes of integration and propose solutions to perfect the legislative texts and their jurisprudential interpretations, in the perspective of accelerating the economic development of the concerned States, for the best global prosperity of the world’s economies
Perrin, Line. ""Approche interculturelle" en cours de langue ou comment concilier l'inconciliable ?" Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20011.
Full textThis work explores the research field related to the intercultural learning process in foreign language classroomes and deals more particularly with the learning of German as a foreign language. One of its goals is to underline the theoretical fundamentals of the intercultural learning process in the field of language didactics and intercultural education. It also aims at relating these two disciplines with one another in order to stress the methodological concepts and the important conditions which are absolutely necessary for the acquisition of intercultural competences in institutional contexts as well as in foreign language classes. These theoretical aspects help elaborate a methodology and define conception tools for the acquisition of intercultural competences based on the foreign language learning process mentioned above which, according to us, can be seen as being multicultural. This work presents an expe rimental phase during which the suggested method has been applied. The consequences it has for the teacher and his/her teaching practices as well as for the official syllabus, due to be modified, are also being analysed
Eberle, Kara Diane. "The Elks Commons: Adaptive Re-use in Coeur D'Alene, Idaho." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146898.
Full textChauvel, Guillaume. "Comment la mémoire procédurale optimise l’apprentissage au cours du vieillissement." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA113008.
Full textNormal or pathological aging is characterized by specific deficits in episodic and working memories. Therefore, is it possible to optimize motor learning with advancing age, by utilizing other memory processes hypothesized to be less affected or even spared from aging? We conducted three experiments in which the predominance of one memory system over another was manipulated by contrasting the effects, across 160 trials of a sensorimotor task (golf putting), of two different learning methods: the infrequent-error method hypothesized to primarily rely upon declarative memory vs. the frequent–error method hypothesized to primarily rely upon procedural memory. In Experiment 1, we tested in young and older adults the efficiency of these methods and the nature of processes involved when a secondary, attention-demanding task was performed concurrently. In Experiment 2, we compared the motor performance between young and older adults and Alzheimer patients. In Experiment 3, we assessed the effects of verbalizing previous motor actions produced during learning on processes underlying young and older adults’ motor performance. The results of Experiment 1 showed that learning is affected by aging when declarative processes are predominant but is protected from advancing age when procedural processes are predominant. The results of Experiment 2 demonstrated that learning is preserved from Alzheimer’s disease when procedural processes are predominant. The results of Experiment 3 revealed that verbalization affects declarative processes but has no effect on procedural processes in young adults, and that it has no effect on these two types of processes in older adults. Altogether, these results show that “bypassing” declarative memory and its deficits occurring with advancing age or disease is doable by utilizing intact procedural memory, thus leading to an optimized motor learning
Ferré, Rose-Marie. "La commande artistique à la cour de René d’Anjou : un concert de mots et d'images." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040125.
Full textCultivated and original patron, René d'Anjou shows an interest for all the forms of art. Not only author, but also reader, painter maybe, spectator, director and playing same his own role within the framework of his burial and of his graves, the prince appears as the central character of the artistic creation to his court. In this prospect, it was a question of studying here the relation of the figurative arts and the dramatic art, and more widely the dialogue between the arts. However, it was advisable to exceed Émile Mâle's reflections on the influence of the Mysteries on the visual arts and to abandon a vision of the artistic production in term of ancestry and hierarchy. The questioning thus concerned mainly the processes of creation of the images, their functioning and their meanings and the problem of cultural transmission. The figurative arts, the literature or the dramatic art indeed participate in common references, treat the same subjects and sometimes raise identical questions, but according to different modalities of expression. Often, interferences build up themselves between several languages - written, visual or oral-, so playing on the possible senses of the work of art and mobilizing the culture of the reader and/or the spectator. The reserved examples contributed from then on to clarify the plurality of these interactions which question permanently about the status, the role of the image and its relation in the others media. It also allowed to emphasize the personality of certain big artists of the end of the Middle Ages among which the versatility and the culture seduced the prince
Cohen-Solal, Martine. "Cytokines monocytaires et resorption au cours des pertes osseuses." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05S008.
Full textKorichi, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude d'une réforme de la juridiction criminelle de droit commun : (étude comparée France-Algérie)." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010307.
Full textLagarrigue, Thierry. "Croissance de la truite commune (Salmo trutta L. ) dans les Pyrénées françaises : analyse régionale et locale des principaux facteurs de variabilité en rivière de montagne." Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT013A.
Full textLang, Jean. "Calcium et actions pharmacologiques sur les tissus spécialisé et commun auriculaires." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO1H069.
Full textPages, Jean-Christophe. "Modélisation, analyse et régulation des aménagements du Rhône par commande prédictive : gestion locale et centralisée du passage des crues." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10057.
Full textBachta, Waël. "Chirurgie cardiaque à coeur battant : Conception et commande d’un stabilisateur cardiaque actif." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/BACHTA_Wael_2008.pdf.
Full textBeating heart artery bypass grafting is nowadays possible thanks to the use of passive mechanical stabilizers. These devices however exhibit an important residual motion, incompatible with the required surgical accuracy. In this work, the active stabilization approach is proposed: actuation is integrated in the cardiac stabilizer, and the residual motion of the area of interest is canceled using an exteroceptive measurement to feed a control loop. First the interaction between the myocardium and a passive stabilizer is analyzed. Then two active stabilizers, composed of compliant joints and piezo actuators, are proposed. Finally, The H_infinity methodology is used to design efficient control laws in order to achieve the stabilization of the area of interest. A predictive controller using a novel prediction algorithm is highlighted
Sempeski, Philippe. "Sélection et utilisation de l'habitat par les jeunes stades de poissons d'eau courante : le modèle ombre commun (Thymallus thymallus L.)." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10324.
Full textMorre, Jacqueline. "La calmoduline au cours de la spermatogenese et de la maturation epidymaire." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05S002.
Full textCopin, Henri. "Musculature sphinctérienne du petit bassin au cours du développement chez l'homme." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05CD04.
Full textThomas, Hélène. "Modulation de l'activation du complément au cours du rejet xénogénique." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05CD22.
Full textFlorez, Marin Juan Manuel. "Contributions à la commande d'un comanipulateur sériel au contact avec un environnement mobile." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066441.
Full textIn beating heart surgery, organs motions may hamper the surgeon's gesture. Ideally, surgical robots should sens physiological motions and compensate them automatically. The solutions available in the literature are unable to do so mainly because the difficulty of successfully modeling the organ's behavior. The main objective of this thesis is to propose some control strategies to minimize undesired force application over an organ but at the same time allowing an operator to perform its surgical gesture without disturbance in the context of beating heart surgery. In this manuscript, the proposed solution consisting of learning an interaction model between instrument and environment without any a priori knowledge of the nature of such contact is evaluated in simulation. Then, by designing, building and characterizing a hand-held 1 dof instrument meant for beating heart surgery, the problem of how operator regulates the force he applies with an ideally null impedance instrument became evident. Therefore, we proposed an admittance control strategy with force feedback which is suitable for serial comanipulation of such a device. Experimental validation of this strategy drove us to notice of the importance of the way that an operator regulates his arm's impedance to the efficiency of the surgical gesture. Finally, we analysed some biomechanical aspects of impedance regulation of the human arm. We were able to propose some recommendations for the design of interaction control strategies between the human, the instrument and the environment
Schebath, Alain. "L'innovation financiere en gestion urbaine : le cas des communes francaises au cours des deux dernieres decennies." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120003.
Full textThis thesis studies financial innovations in urban management that have been employed in french municipalities during the last two decades. We have noted that the use of new financial instruments will normally permit municipalities to improve efficiency of a town's services and to encourage the realization of their mission of public service, especially for equity. The search for cost control and economic austerity are the two main justifications used by municipalities to explain their decision to innovate. The study has shown that most financial innovations were seen by local government officers and local concillors as being very useful and promoting important changes in local management. The question of pratices and abilities appeared as the main obstacle to diffusion of innovations in finance and management before attachement to traditions and changes in competence and status. We have seen that the process of diffusion was organised, for a small majority of municipalities, in two phases beginning with the media, then finishing with interpersonnal relationships. The research has shown that financial innovations in urban management are developed in municipalities by local government officers and town councillors. Lastly we have noted that new financial and management instruments are not yet widespread in french cities. Further studies would doubtless confirm that the movement towards financial innovation in urban management is marked by the developement of a pratrimonial vision in french municipalities
Cadranel, Jacques. "1,25 (OH) 2d3 médiateur endocrine et paracrine au cours des granulomatoses pulmonaires." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05CD03.
Full textGeffroy, Marie-Christine. "Morphometrie, histo et cytodifferenciation au cours de l'organogenese de la prostate humaine." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05S005.
Full textHood, Andrew 1976. "The doctrine of command responsibility and the International Criminal Court : development, regression or compromise?" Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31163.
Full textDelmas, Vincent. "Morphométrie du rein au cours du développement embryonnaire et chez l'homme adulte." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05S008.
Full textBrée, Stéphane. "Etude multimodale de la co-construction du terrain commun au cours d'accompagnements individuels de demandeurs d'emploi." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1529.
Full textLascaux, Jean-Marc. "Analyse de la variabilité morphologique de la truite commune (Salmo trutta L. ) dans les cours d'eau du Bassin pyrénéen méditerranéen." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT015A.
Full textPolanowska, Jolanta. "Contrôle de l'expression du gèbe cycline E au cours du cycle cellulaire." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20095.
Full textWeill, Bernard Jacques. "Controle de la production des anticorps antinucleaires au cours du lupus erythemateux dissemine (led)." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05S007.
Full textCharvet, Claude. "Rôle du facteur de transciption SRF (Serum Response Factor) dans le coeur adulte et les muscles squelettiques chez la souris." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05N25S.
Full textRozé, Hadrien. "Activité électrique diaphragmatique au cours du sevrage ventilatoire après insuffisance respiratoire aigue." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0293/document.
Full textThe control of breathing results from a complex interaction involving differentrespiratory centers, which feed signals to a central control mechanism that, in turn, provides outputto the effector muscles. Afferent inputs arising from chemo- and mechanoreceptors, related to thephysical status of the respiratory system and to the activation of the respiratory muscles, modulatepermanently the respiratory command to adapt ventilation to the needs. Diaphragm electricalactivation provides information about respiratory drive, respiratory muscle loading, patientventilatorsynchrony and efficiency of breathing in critically ill patients. The use of inappropriatelevel of assist during spontaneous breathing with over or under assist might be harmful withdiaphragmatic dysfunction, alveolar injury and asynchrony. The first study settled NAVA modeaccording to the EAdi recorded during a failed spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). An unexpecteddaily increase of EAdi has been found during SBT until extubation. The second study did not findany increase of the neuroventilatory efficiency during weaning, possibly because of residualsedation. A third study described the inhibition of residual sedation on EAdi and tidal volume at thebeginning of the weaning, and the correlation between them. The last study did not find anyincrease of tidal volume under NAVA after lung transplantation, with denervated lung withoutHerring Breuer reflex, compared to a control group. Moreover tidal volume under NAVA wascorrelated to total lung capacity. These studies highlight the interest of EAdi monitoring duringweaning
Thébaud, Bernard. "Anomalies du développement pulmonaire au cours de la hernie diaphragmatique congénitale expérimentale." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05CD08.
Full textRothier, Bautzer Éliane. "Comment cadrer l'activité pédagogique dans un cours de soutien? : l'autonomie comme compétence à l'interaction." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H082.
Full textThe thesis studies the pupil's autonomisation within a remedial course. One of its main findings concerns the importance of the framing process of the pedagocical interaction centred on the knowledge acquisition and also on the valuation process. Autonomy in this sens is understood as a contextual learning process where the pupil learns to build a certain distance to his role as a pupil. The fiel work is constituted of seven case studies drawn from the professionnal experience of the author. Being originally a teacher, the researcher was able to show the importance of the background expectancies of both parts, teacher and pupil, on the organization of the pedagogical action. The main argument developed is that the pupil's autonomisation process is closely combined with the self-organization of the pedagogical interaction. That is why the author is particularly concerned with the contextual details revealing the internal structuring process of the pedagogical interaction. The analysis focus on dimensions that are usually not taken into account, such as the role of constraining procedures, objects and routines, the way in which odd elements are brought up - and delt with - by the pupils and the teacher within the pedagogical activity, the importance of the framing process for the development of the interaction, etc
Tarenghi, Elisabeth. "Métabolisme des aminés libres et conjuguées au cours du stolonnage et de la floraison du fraisier." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOS025.
Full textPerrin, Benjamin. "An emerging international criminal law tradition : gaps in applicable law and transnational common laws." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101824.
Full textInternational criminal law is a hybrid tradition which seeks legitimacy and answers to difficult questions by drawing on other established legal traditions. Its development at the confluence of public international law, international humanitarian law, international human rights law and national criminal laws has resulted in gaps in difficult cases with no clear answers. These lacunae have been filled by recourse to judicial discretion, exercised consistent with Patrick Glenn's theory of transnational common laws, and by privileging one of the competing aims of international criminal law: enhancing humanitarian protection versus maximizing fairness to the accused.
Bardonnet, Agnès. "Occupation de l'espace par les jeunes stades de salmonidés : vie sous graviers, émergence et dévalaison chez l'ombre commun, Thymallus thymallus, L. 1758." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10198.
Full textPene, Frédéric. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle des cellules dentritiques au cours de l'immunodépression induite par le sepsis." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05T002.
Full textSepsis is characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response followed by a complex immunosuppressive state that can favor the emergence of nosocomial infections. Mechanisms that regulate post-infective immunosuppression are largely unknown but may involve dendritic cells (DC) that link innate and adaptive immunity. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are critical determinants of the magnitude of the inflammatory response and are involved in the maturation process of DCs, but their contribution to the development of sepsis-induced immune dysfunction are poorly understood. The aim of this research project was to investigate the role of DCs and TLR-dependent signalling pathways in the regulation of sepsis-induced immunosuppression. For this purpose, we established a "double-hit" murine model through a sublethal polymicrobial sepsis followed by late-onset Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. In this model, we assessed the role of DCs in the modulation of lung defence towards a secondary infectious insult in post-septic mice. Using knockout mice TLR2-/- , TLR4-/-, TLR2x4-/- et MyD88-/-, we analyzed the relative contribution of TLRs to sepsis-induced defects of DCs and to the host response towards secondary pulmonary infection. In a translational approach, we assessed DC blood counts in septic shock patients and their relations with the development of nosocomial infections. Our results provide new insights in the pathophysiology of post-infective immunosuppression and suggest potential therapeutic applications
Bah, Oumar. "L'efficacité de l'arbitrage OHADA : le rôle du juge étatique." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCB001.
Full textThe OHADA space is very suitable for the collaboration between the national judge and the arbitrator. However, if in the specific arbitration of the CCJA, it is up to the Court to administer the arbitrations organized within it, the determination of the state judge to traditional arbitration becomes complex. In fact, the lexical vagueness surrounding the generic term designating the national judge leads to a division of its field of jurisdiction according to the different phases of the arbitral proceedings. For example, depending on whether one is in the preparatory stage of arbitration or during the arbitration and post-arbitration phase, the state judge is not always the same. Depending on the judicial organization of the States Parties, it may be jurisdictional courts within the exclusive jurisdiction or courts of appeal in the context of a shared jurisdiction with the courts of first instance prior any appeal in cassation before the CCJA. That being said, whether it is the specific arbitration of the CCJA or the traditional arbitration, the state judge plays first a role of assistance in case of difficulties. To do so, he assists both parties and arbitrators in the constitution of the arbitral tribunal, the administration of the documents and the extension of the arbitration period. Similarly, if the parties express the need, the state judge may grant interim or protective measures in case of urgency. Finally, when the arbitrator pronounces the sentence, it will again be up to the state court to ensure its effective enforcement after the exhaustion of the remedies before its office
Schahmaneche, Aurélia. "La motivation des décisions de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10038.
Full textThe motivation of the European Court of Human Rights' judgments is based both on the exposition of reasons containing elements of fact and law and on the “psychological motives” that allow the European judge to build up his convictions. The motivation included in the judgment tries both to justify and explain the Court's choice. So, it can't be considered only as a purely logical deduction. It is also an important act of rhetoric. The European Court wishes her audience to accept its case law in a spontaneous and voluntary way. The Court chooses therefore to appeal to good sense rather than constraint to assert its case law authority and so fulfill its long term mission which consists in building a European common law on Human Rights . The motivation contributes to build the legitimacy of the European Court's decisions. It also allows the public and the Contracting States to trust the European justice and to acknowledge the legitimacy of its decisions. It means that the motivation is also a teaching method helping to receive its case law and to accept the European supervision. To achieve this aim, the Court chose different strategies that sometimes show the mistakes, the manipulations or the excesses of the European Court's function. Nevertheless, the general opinion on the Court's motivation is positive and helps to adapt its contents to the realities of the democratic European society. The European Court's efforts to build a quality style of judgments must be also underlined