Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Couples de travail'
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Dupré, La Tour Monique. "Les fonctions psychiques du couple : le travail psychique du lien dans le couple." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/feuga_m.
Full textFor love as a feeling to become a form of commitment, for passion to turn into a psychic couple, members will byuild a specific link, the conjugal bond. This link creates a gap between the partners, such a gap being necessary for each of them to be connected, and to live as an individual. The greater the desire for fusion, the more concrete the gapbecomes, leading to no sexual intercourse, somatizations, violent behaviour, appearence of an outsider. The couple symptom, created by the couple, itself, replaces the internalisation of the third agency. The link puts into place defensive collusions, wich are signs of fixation echoing the partners' pregenital histories. The return of the repressed leads real symptoms to appear and to a crisis. The psychical work supplied to overcome crises works out of collusion. With each other and through each other, the partners gradually untangle what had beeen previously condensed in thise collusions. The working over then leads onto the link either becoming stronger or disappearing totally, allowing each one to progressively integrate elements awaiting symbolisation that were until then collusive. Under such circumstances, the psychical work provided by the couple may be seen as organising or reorganising its psyche, and enabling the partners to work over again the original mourning and that of the oedipien parents. In order to achieve this work, the setting and the couple as supporting group agencies must be reliable and the link must be objectal and libidinal enough. Dual therapy offers consulting ailing partners to form such a supporting group agency. It enables the link to be created afresh, the workin out of the differentiation inside the dyad and the projections of the internal object upon the real objects
Duvander, Ann-Zofie E. "Couples in Sweden : studies on family and work /." Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37711109c.
Full textBonici, Marie. "Le passage du couple à la famille : enquête qualitative auprès de couples hétérosexuels à la naissance de leur premier enfant." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082023.
Full textThe birth of a child in a couple raises several questions: in which manner(s) the child, a disturbing element of the couple, modifies its organization, the life of each partner, their relation to others and to the world? To answer these questions, a score of couples was surveyed in the first months of the passage from the couple to the family. The questioning relates to the period ranging between the project of child of the couple, then the beginnings of the pregnancy, until the eighteen months of the baby. Two cross-questions underlie this work: the analysis, at one specific moment of individuals' life, of concrete forms of the social relations between sexes and their issue, the sexual division of work, and the study of the "naturalization" of social phenomena, such as the pregnancy, the childbirth, the parenthood, the parental love, etc. After having questioned the subject of the thesis in the historical, geographical and theoretical plans, and having considered its complementary side – ie the refusal for couples to become relatives, by the means of the abortion – three fields are studied: the recombining of the identity of the actors and their social networks; their bodies and their body practices, which are strongly socialized at the studied period; the sexual division of work between the couple and their entourage, by considering the share of the house and parental work, the practice of the professional work, the parenthood as well as the use of the "spare time". It appears that even the perception of time is affected and gendered. In addition, partners are not alone on the social scene, the female entourage of women in particular and the medical profession play a significant role of assistance and advice. As a synthesis, an aspect of the economy of the couple is considered: the share taken by each kind of couple, marital and parental, in the life of the partners and its negotiation between them since the birth of their child
Maratou-Alipranti, Laura. "Activité des femmes et travail domestique : les modes de vie des couples athéniens." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100154.
Full textThis study, which concerns the patterns of life of Athenian couples, is based on the data of a research which has been done with the participation of 1924 married women, of 15 to 45 years old, living in Athens area. Our problematic is founded on a double dimension. First of all, we have distinguished the variety of family models adopted by the couples-traditional or modern. Afterwards, we have examined the norms of housework distribution between the spouses looking for elements which could possibly differentiate it and we have also seen how these two sectors interact. In fact going through this study, it has been proved that the domestic activities do not occupy much of the time of the Athenian husbands although those same activities are a very important part of everyday life of the Athenian wives. Nevertheless, the most equal distribution, as well as the adoption of more modern patterns of life, (i. E. The innovating attitudes,) is associated with the young and educated couples and with the husbands who are white collars or employees. In addition, the exercise of a professional activity by the wives, strengthens, the participation of husbands in the domestic activities in Greece, as well in other countries. And it is among the professionally active women and their companions that we can see the existence of doubts as far as traditional family values are concerned
Maratou-Alipranti, Laura. "Activité des femmes et travail domestique les modes de vie des couples athéniens /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611228r.
Full textBen, Hamed Nadia. "Incitations et mobilité géographique des couples à double carrière." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40024.
Full textWhen involved in a relocation decision, dual career couples may adopt different patterns of mobility. The choice is based on a maximisation of resources perspective, but it implies a loss of resources. External resources, such as social support, may intervene either to counter the losses or to induce geographic mobility. The aim of this research is to discover psychological mechanism involved in the mobile way of living. The study consisted in collecting life strories. Data analysis was performed using Tropes 6. 2. Our results show an influence of motivational mechanism on geographic mobility management. Results also show a strong professional commitment at the expense of organizational commitment. Moreover, whatever the quality of adjustment, role performance is not affected, in the contrary to extra-role performance. With regard to the couple and the family, workf-family conflict is exacerbated by mobility and in some cases, marital satisfaction is undermined. These trends are more salient among women the among men. Finally, we found sex differences in mobility patterns. The research showed the existence of a link between decision and adjustment during mobility. It enriched career literature by addressing some specific phenomena of starting employees' mobility. The results call to further research avenues. In particular, we suggest studying the employees' interest in family-friendly policies in a comparative manner as welle as their probable impact on organizational justice perceptions. We also studying the effects of mobility on the logevity of the relationship and taking into account subjective dimensions of mobility
Saramago, Marie. "Santé psychologique au travail des femmes avec un passé de cancer du sein : une approche comparative et dyadique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0329.
Full textIntroduction : An increasing number of people surviving the cancer lead more and more to assist them in order to return to active working life. This study had two objectives. First, we investigated the mental health at work of women survivor of breast cancer using a comparative approach with a control group. More specifically, we identified stressors that affect burnout and resources that impact psychological well-being at work. The second objective focused on the couple and the mental health at work of each of its members using a dyadic and comparative approach. The main objective of this research wereto identify what positively affects well-being at work, while considering the possible partner’s influence in the context of return to work after cancer. Method: 308 adults were interviewed (88 women affected by a history of breast cancer and 20 spouses, 100 women without cancer experience and their spouse). They completed measures of mental health at work (burnout and psychological well-being at work), personal and work-related resources (self-efficacy, optimism, emotional expressivity, psychological detachment at work), stressors (workload, work-family conflict), anxiety and depression, life satisfaction and satisfaction with their relationship. Results: Results of the first study showed that women with a history of cancer have higher burnout scores than women who do not have this experience. However, these scores were below the critical thresholds for both groups. In addition, this first study identified a moderating effect of anxious manifestations on the relationship between work-family conflict and burnout in the clinical group. In this same group, and compared to the control group, the second study identified self-efficacy as the most predictive resource of psychological well-being at work and its components. In addition, the third study showed the mediating effect of feeling of belonging to professional environment it would protect the clinical group from the impact of the workload on burnout. Finally, in the last two studies, and contrary to expectations, the causal analyzes revealed an increased sensitivity of the spouse whose woman was affected by cancer to his satisfaction with his relationship, as well as an influence at the level of partner’s emotional distress and resources on his mental health at work.Conclusion: In a professional context, women with a history of breast cancer in this thesis work proved to be able to mobilize resources to protect themselves from burnout and to promote and maintain their well-being at work. Moreover, their spouses appeared more sensitive to the situation of their couple and signals of their partner. Recommendations in terms of support for the couple, during the period after the announcement of the remission, will be discussed and suggested
Boukari, Noureddine. "Emplois saisonniers, assurance-emploi et offre de travail des couples : une analyse économique empirique appliquée à la réforme de 2012." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66716.
Full textA generous employment insurance system to protect those who lose their job does not encourage them to look for work. The 2012 Employment Insurance Reform in Canada is part of a long series of legislative changes in employment insurance policies aimed at encouraging the unemployed, and more specifically seasonal workers who are the most frequent claimants, to return to work. In this thesis, we use the Double Difference Regression Method to study the effect of this reform on couples. According to our results, the objective sought through this public policy seems to have been achieved, by stimulating the research and the acceptance of new jobs among men workers in the seasonal industry. On the other hand, there appears to be no negative impact of the Added Worker Effect on their spouses.
Mokdad-Zmitri, Meriem. "Approche psychanalytique des liens dans le couple et la famille : le travail de subjectivation en contexte tunisien." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100078/document.
Full textIs psychoanalysis epistemologically deadlocked? Aren’t the "Japanese" (Lacan) or the Arabs "psychoanalysable"? These are two discomforts that simultaneously motivated this research. It found out the "link psychoanalysis" in which it supposes a potential to resolve the double crisis of psychoanalysis: the intrinsic one related to its longevity and that of the encounter between the latter and the operational hosting fields. Analysing the link rather than subjects in link revolutionized classical metapsychology by offsetting the pure intrapsychic thus soothing its panindividualism and promising an « equitable encounter » between psychoanalysis and its host ground, the Tunisian one in this case. The practice of this « paradigm » with tunisian couples and families in contexts of research and consultation, alternating, on need, individual, couple and family interviews, commented genosociograms, FAT or TAT allowed to detect recurrent and characteristic link configurations, in which Cultural Instance (Kaës, 1998) colours neatly the link space. Thus, could be identified and defined the Relic objects, Co-motherhood and Oedipus-in-law as context emergents informing respectively about genealogical, parental-filial and couple links. That is how a couple and family link psychoanalysis paves the way to a joint reading of three spaces: intra, inter and transsubjective where the subjectivation work occurs. At the same time, it raises questions about link-knitting and failures dealing with the cultural context
Casini, Elisa. "Le sommeil : une enjeu pour les couples confrontés aux maladies neuro dégénératives." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30016/document.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation in sociology examines the sleep practices of ageing couples confronted with neuro-degenerative conditions. It aims to understand the time- and space-related aspects of these sleep practices, so central to couples’ lives, throughout the different stages of illness, and places particular emphasis on gender-based relations. Thirty couples were interviewed in their homes, 12 of whom were affected by Lewy Body Dementia and 18 by Alzheimer’s Disease. Empirical methods such as sleep journals, audio journals, and photographic documentation were incorporated into the study’s methodology. The study is divided into three branches. The first branch examines the role of “night-time guardian” assumed by the caregiving partner. The author was able to observe that a shift takes place from the status of sleeping partner to that of night-time caregiver. The role of the “night-time guardian” is characterized by domestic labor that takes the form of caregiving provided at night, a phenomenon the author calls “nocturnal domestic caregiving work”. The findings of the study show that this domestic night-time work can bring about a state of exhaustion in caregiving partners that can drive them to institutionalize the partner suffering from a medical condition. In addition to this domestic work, caregiving partners are prone to a state of night-time worry that results in a specific variety of sleep that can be described as “alert sleep”. This domestic work also goes largely unseen for two reasons: it is made up of activities that take place at night, and it often falls to women. The study's second branch offers an analysis of the impact of illness and cognitive disorders on the way areas of the home associated with sleep are organized, bringing to light the give-and-take that occurs where the marital bedroom is concerned. The author examined the reasons some sleep partners continue to insist on sleeping together. Also addressed are the bodily aspects of shared beds, a special context in which the bonds shared between bodies can be expressed in a unique way. The dissertation further explores the experience of placing distance between sleep partners: the meanings and practices surrounding the decision to sleep as a couple but in separate rooms. The final branch of the study examines a range of strategies used to manage sleep, such as taking sleeping medication, turning to in-home or institutional night-time caretaking, and day-time sleep. The author surveyed the reasons that caregiving partners accepted or refused to utilize these strategies, and the study’s findings show that the vulnerability represented by night and sleep can render it difficult to decide to use strategies to manage sleep
Lepinteur, Anthony. "Temps de travail au sein des ménages, normes légales sur le marché du travail et bien-être subjectif." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E040.
Full textThe present thesis contributes to the literature by exploring how relative working time within households and changes in legal norms on the labour market are linked to subjective wellbeing. Bydoing so, this thesis matches the objectives of the Economics of Wellbeing in that it both considers subjective wellbeing as a subject of study per se and a tool for economic analyses. The first part ofthis thesis examines how relative working time in household affects subjective wellbeing. Chapter 1 demonstrates that being simultaneously overemployed may translate into higher wellbeing of both couple members. Chapter 2 shows that women working more than their husbands are likely to experience wellbeing losses. However, this Chapter is innovative in that it demonstrates that these losses in utility are not caused by violation of gender norms but because of the unfairness of the time allocation within household. The second part of this thesis adopts a different perspective sinceit takes subjective wellbeing as a tool to perform welfare analysis of labor market reforms. Chapter3 estimates the impact of working time reductions implemented in Portugal and France at the end ofthe 1990’s and concludes that workers experienced increases in job and leisure satisfaction. Chapter4 evaluates the impact of the increase in the Delalande tax in 1999. This tax aimed at keeping older workers in the labor force. Then, this Chapter shows that perceived job security of older workers increased thanks to the higher Delalande tax but this has been done at the cost of lower perceived job security of their younger colleagues
Germain, Valérie. "La construction des trajectoires d’entrée dans la vie adulte : Permanences et changements dans le contexte de massification de l’enseignement supérieur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3032.
Full textThe transition into adulthood is a process spread in time. It starts with people moving from their parents' homes, graduating and integrating the labour market, and moving into a coupled life. In a society with rising educational achievements, the timing of these life transitions has changed. Most students move into independent housing arrangements during their studies even though the majority are still financially dependent on parents. Full integration into the labour market happens at a later stage and most students have temporary jobs while studying. Moreover, most students do not settle down into a coupled life until the end of their education with few of them getting into couples during this phase. Throughout this thesis, these different events are studied in order to explore the complex transmissions into adulthood. This work relies on retrospective longitudinal data combining both the quantitative DEP Panel of 1989 and additional qualitative data based on 53 interviews. These data were used to identify a typology of modes of transition into adulthood and to shed light on the interactions between the different spheres: Study, employment, cohabitation, and the birth of children
Paljic, Alexis. "Interaction en environnements immersifs et retours d'effort passifs." Paris 6, 2004. https://hal-mines-paristech.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01479203.
Full textBrassard, Nathalie. "Conflits travail-famille et ajustement dyadique chez des couples d'aidants de la génération "sandwich" qui prennent soin d'un parent en perte d'autonomie fonctionnelle dans les activités de la vie quotidienne /." Chicoutimi : Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi ; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2004. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textLa p. de t. porte en outre : Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi comme exigence partielle de la maîtrise en psychologie offerte à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi en vertu d'un protocole d'entente avec l'Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières. Comprend des réf. bibliogr. : f. [102]-115. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF.
Sadania, Clémentine. "Women's empowerment in a developing world : three essays on Egyptian households." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0166/document.
Full textWomen’s empowerment increasingly appears in the headlines of development programs, in the pursuit of inclusive growth. This dissertation explores the determinants and consequences of one dimension of women’s empowerment, women’s ability to make choices within the household. Chapter 1 offers a critical review of the related literature. The chapters which follow consist of empirical analyses on Egypt and shed new lights on a understudied setting. Chapter 1 is a discussion of the concept under study and its measurement. It identifies means of actions available to individuals and policy-makers, limitations of the existing literature and future research avenues. Chapter 2 revisits the relationship between women’s work and employment in Egypt, by addressing jointly the endogeneity and the heterogeneity of types of economic activities. The study shows that outside work has the greatest impact on women’s participation in household decisions. Nevertheless, home-based work is able to increase joint decision-making on major investment decisions. Chapter 3 provides evidence on an unexplored channel: the role of the mother’s empowerment in the transmission of shocks on youths’ time allocation. We find that a positive shock on the father’s labor market reduces daughters’ participation in domestic work only when the mother has a high level of bargaining power. Chapter 4 explores how gender unbalanced migration affects the marriage market of the sending country. Results are consistent with a deterioration of women’s relative position in the marriage market during high migration periods
Dupré, La Tour Monique Chouvier Bernard. "Les fonctions psychiques du couple le travail psychique du lien dans le couple /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2002. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/feuga_m.
Full textLafond-Bélanger, Gabrielle. "Les effets de la Prime au Travail sur l'offre de travail des femmes en couple." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24270/24270.pdf.
Full textGuo, Yicang. "Thermodynamic modelling of mixtures related to absorption refrigeration systems and CO2 capture." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAE019.
Full textCO2 emissions from industrial activities have been a major factor in the rapid rise in global temperatures over the last century. The threat of global warming has prompted most industrialized countries to commit to reducing CO2 concentrations. This thesis focuses on two themes related to CO2 emission reduction. The first part is to use absorption heat pump systems to convert low-grade energy into high-grade energy, thereby increasing the energy efficiency of industrial systems, reducing energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The ELV data of IL-water solutions were correlated using NRTL and e-NRTL models. Additional calculations were performed to evaluate the performance of working fluids in ARS under different operating conditions. The results indicate that the selected working pair has good performance and potential to replace traditional pairs.The second part of the thesis focuses on the modeling of mixtures containing CO2, and in particular mixtures with alkanes and refrigerants. The multipolar version of the SAFT-VR Mie equation of state was chosen to study the phase behaviour and transport properties of these mixtures. A predictive model for these mixtures was thus developed, in order to determine their phase equilibria. A very good agreement with the pure component and mixture experimental data is obtained, demonstrating the important role of the multipolar term in the equation of state
Pollak, Mary Ellen. "How couples cope with business travel : does length of travel make a difference? /." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41608.
Full textMaster of Science
Edon, Cyriaque. "Participation des femmes en couple au marché du travail : une comparaison européenne." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020054.
Full textJouhki, Hannele. "L'Offre de travail des femmes mariées : étude économétrique sur des données en coupes transversales." Toulouse 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU10033.
Full textThe individual labor supply functions are derived from the utility functions in the micro-economic theory. The economic agent maximises his utility under the time and budget constraints. The maximisation conditions indicate the optimal choice betwen the level of consumption and labor supply. Taking into account the time constraint produces two-dimensional supply functions : the participation decision and the quantity of labor supplied. While the sample of participants is auto-selected, it creates econometric difficulties, since the endogenous criterion based elimination of observations produces a selection bias in the estimations. A sample of married women is particularly interesting for the study of labor supply behavior. This sample is used for estimating the supply functions of a simple static labor supply model, and the specification of the econometric model is tested with finnish cross-section data. Various extensions and modifications of the basic model (truncated or censored) are considered in the econometric applications
Jouhki, Hannele. "L'Offre de travail des femmes mariées étude économétrique sur les données en coupes transversales /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614556j.
Full textPetit, Renaud. "Les stratégies de développement du couple attractivité-fidélisation des organisations envers les jeunes entrants sur le marché du travail." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2008_in_petit_r.pdf.
Full textThe current market for employment of young people is still suffering from the unstable economic and social situation that developed in the mid 1970s following three decades of prosperity. This market is in a paradoxical state, in that, despite a high level of unemployment among active young people, some sectors of activity have difficulty in recruiting and retaining employees. In view of this situation, this thesis analyses how companies can attract a young workforce, enhance its loyalty and give it opportunities to progress. It also studies the relationships that organizations have with young people entering the job market and the consequences of these relationships for the level of attractiveness and loyalty-building of companies, as well as possible solutions. The thesis comprises two parts. The first part reviews the current state of the job market and analyses the needs and expectations of young people when they are entering the market. It describes a typical pattern of the various steps that young people must pass through in establishing themselves in a company that meets their requirements. It establishes the principles of attractiveness and loyalty-building on the basis of concepts and theories from management science, and more specifically from personnel management. Finally, this section details the epistemological approach used and the operational procedure followed in order to respond to the initial problem posed. The second part of the thesis brings together the elements needed to respond to the research issue addressed, and is developed in three chapters. The first stage is to analyze in detail the internal failings of selected organizations in terms of their ability to attract and retain, and then to compare these with the needs of young people entering the job market. This confrontation of the basic data allows, as a second stage, the establishment of precise strategic approaches that can improve attractiveness and loyalty-building. The final step consists in proposing management tools and practices by which an organization can modify its internal and external environments to overcome some of its recruitment difficulties
Boucher, Jeremie. "Caractérisation de la coupe rotative du bois : interaction machine / outil / pièce / procédé." Nancy 1, 2007. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/SCD_T_2007_0055_BOUCHER.pdf.
Full textGuillen Technical Tools, producer of woodworking tools, presents an industrial problematic built through two research goals. Investigations on wood field companies and functional analysis practiced within Guillen company involve deepening and classification of her scientific and technical knowledge. This company has to integrate and suit existing wood cutting laws to her tool conception. Nevertheless, scientific community still encounters missing data and particularly about the effects of cutting geometry when milling laminated wood based products. Experimentation on the tool edge inclination angle gives the evolution trends on cutting forces, melamine cracks and tool wear. Moreover, thanks to study of infinitesimal forces, a analytical model of wood cutting forces in three dimensions can explain why higher is the tested angle, better is the tool life. Scientific and technical contribution, given by both milling tests and theoretical foundation on tooling system, prompt the Guillen company to work for the knowledge management. This exacting task has to be directed step by step. The first important objective is to integrate product lifecycle management software (PLM). Specifications of this PLM software is declined through the product to deal with, in one hand, and the process to make use of such a system, on the other hand. Product data modeling is performed by using UML. The process part take account the links between each kind of resources of the company and the working of the PLM software
Joos, Olivier. "Compréhension des mécanismes d'endommagement couplés des cylindres de travail pour le laminage à chaud des alliages ferreux et non ferreux." Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENMP1655.
Full textThe interruption of a hot strip mill in order to replace a work roll is very expensive. This replacement is mainly motivated by strip surface quality degradation. The strip surface quality is the mirror of the roll one. Because of numerous coupled solicitations during service (oxidation, abrasion/adhesion, thermal fatigue), the roll surface is continuously damaged. The relative amplitude of each solicitation depend of the roll position in the mill. The productivity improvement is also linked to the roll life increase, in others words is linked to the enhancement of roll resistance to oxidation, abrasion/adhesion and/or thermal cracking. The aim of this study consists in correlating microstructure of 4 roll grades with resistances against solicitations. At the laboratory level, solicitations are decoupled in order to better study the impact of microstructural parameters on damage mechanisms. After highlighting grade microstructural differences through numerous parameters (such as the solidification structure; the type, chemical composition, morphology and distribution of both primary and secondary carbides ; the structure and chemical composition of the matrix,…), we show firstly how these parameters influence grade oxidation mechanisms. Secondly we analyse the impact of these parameters on wear mechanisms against coupled solicitations: abrasion and oxidation on a one side, thermal fatigue ant oxidation on the other side. By weighing these parameters, it will be possible to optimize the microstructure
Margueritte, Emmanuel. "Violences volontaires contre les sujets agés : problème de détermination de l'incapacité totale de travail et revue de littérature." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON11095.
Full textRausch, Michel. "Modélisation du chariotage et du fraisage de face à partir d'une approche thermomécanique de la coupe." Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/Rausch.Michel.SMZ9809.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, the cutting forces of two industriel machining processes are modelled : bar turning and face milling using a thermomechanical approach of cutting. The chip formation for these two processes is due ti the effects of the major and minor cutting edges of the tool and by the nose radius. The cutting conditions and the geometry of the tool are considered by introducing a so-called equivalent cutting edge. This imaginary edge is oblique in the general cause. In this way, the primary shear zone appearing during the chip formation in orthogonal cutting is generalized to the case of oblique cutting. In the two cutting processes above, the equivalent edge is determined from some geometrical conditions of the cutting. A friction law between the tool and the chip is also introduced. Using then the hardening behaviour of the material, the cutting forces are calculated and compared to experiments. The mean friction angle is supposed to remain constant and is determined from orthogonal cutting experiments. The material studied in details is an AISI 4140 steel. Quasi-static and dynamic experiments have been carried out. A new model is suggested in which material beahaviour is thermoviscoplastic by taking into account the changes in the behaviour at large shear strain rates
Salvatore, Ferdinando. "Contribution à la modélisation analytique et à la simulation numérique de l’enlèvement de matière et de ses conséquences induites: cas de la coupe orthogonale." Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs (Saint-Etienne), 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENISE009.
Full textIn this research work, the material removal phenomenon is modelled with analytical and numerical approaches. Experimental tests are made to compare results. During the toolworkpiece contact, many physical phenomena can be taken into account; chip formation, ploughing (burr formation) and spring back. All those aspects are modelled separately (decomposition approach). Chip formation is modelled with a virtual tool, having a cutting edge radius R equal to zero, and an equivalent cutting angle g*, which take into account the cutting radius effects. The effective work material layer removed is f-fcr. Fcr is the separation line between chip formation and ploughing and elastic phenomena. Afterwards the studied phenomena are “recomposed” in order to simulate the reality. Finally the outputs of the model are employed to model analytically the residual stresses in the final piece surface
@Devallet-Ezanno, Delphine. "Analyse du fonctionnement économique interne du couple et pouvoir financier de la femme qui travaille." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1A002.
Full textToday's women pursue the same career aspirations as men. The research objective consists in finding out whether the married woman gains her financial autonomy from her regular work, in which case this would be an indicator of her financial power. The latter lies above the decision-making process and constitutes a level of marital power. Bringing the couple's innner economic working to light is necessary ; it reflects the more or less important possibility of autonomy of access to the financial resources, according to a set of economic and financial behaviour. Some research works have enabled us to unveil the couple's inner economy. However, their limits, methodological as well as conceptual, have led us to refine the theoretical approach through an explanatory investigation bearing on 40 working married women. Thus, the couple's various economic and financial behaviour have been conceptualised, together with their determinants, giving particular attention to creating a measuring scale of a woman's provider role attitudes. After carrying out several factorial multiple correspondence analyses completed by hierarchical typologies of a sample of 450 working married women, four categories of inner economic working have been listed. We have conlcuded that a working married woman does not benefit from her financial resources through belongin to an inner autonomous economic working. She has a preference for a communal working mode. The test, through the multinomial logistic regression of an explanatory model, of belonging to the various categories of inner economic working, notably an autonomous working, an indicator of acces to financial power, has shown that individual behavioural variables mix up the paths to the traditional determinants such as income and position. Then these variables are particulary sensitive to the gender approach which ideologically assigns different behaviour to men and women. This research, then, shows that the couple's purchase decision-making depends largely on an inner economic working. Investigating the way a couple handles, organizes and accedes to their financial resources enlightens us greatly on their consumption decisions
Palengat, Muriel. "Modélisation des couplages multiphysiques matériaux-produits-procédés lors de l'étirage de tubes : application aux alliages métalliques usuels." Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10196.
Full textITube cold drawing processes are used to reduce tube diameters and thicknesses, while pulling them through a conical converging die with or without inner plug. An accurate modelling of the material deformation, friction behaviour and thermal effects is required in order to weil describe these processes. It deals with the cold hollow sinking (without inner plug), the mandrel drawing and the floating plug drawing of a stainless steel and a Co-Cr alloy. During the forming process, load cells are placed between the die and the frame for the drawing force. A pyrometer, flXed on the die exit, records the tube external temperature. When possible, simulation parameters are determined thanks to mechanical or thermal tests. The material properties implied in the process, such as the anisotropy or the rate-dependence are studied. Shear and tensile tests are performed to determine the Co-Cr alloy mechanical behaviour with an isotropie temperature-independent Johnson-Cook law. An infra-red camera is employed to observe the sample temperature rise. As the strain rates are high and the experiments' times are short, heat loss through conduction, convection, or radiation can be neglected in comparison to thermoplastic heating. The plastic work converted into heating is described by the heat equation. Process parameters such as friction coefficient or contact conductivity are difficuh to estimate with mechanical experimental tests. A different approach is therefore proposed here, an inverse analysis is carried out to fit these two last parameters. Indeed they can be frtted through a thermomechnical modelling. The friction coefficient is found with the experimental drawing force and the contact conductance thanks to the external tube temperature. Finally, severa] drawing tests are modelled with these parameters and compared to experimental data in order to validate the method
Deces-Petit, Cyrille. "Etude des phases transitoires au cours du déroulage du bois." Paris, ENSAM, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENAM0027.
Full textDespinos, Kiria. "L'autonomie professionnelle à l'épreuve de la vie en couple : étude du droit haïtien à la lumière du droit français." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GREND014.
Full textComparative study of professional autonomy in the married couple in French law and Haitian law. Autonomy, then devoted unknown in Haitian law, is an example of an ambiguous integration of French law in family law in Haiti. In addition, professional autonomy appears to be a "custom", which justifies a review of the issue in a legal renewed
Prat, David. "Développement et modélisation de stratégies de fraisage 5 axes de finition -Application à l’usinage de veines fermées." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0043/document.
Full textThe surface quality of closed fluid veins rotating parts of turbo machines participates in the machine output. It is therefore essential to control the finishing of veins in 5-axis machining with a ball end mill. The titanium alloy Ti6Al4V is one of the materials used and suffers from a poor machinability. The choice of cutting parameters affects the surface quality and the life of the cutter. In order to control the 5-axis milling, characterization methods of cutting are developed for linear and circular paths. Effective diameters and the uncut chip thickness is responsible for several phenomena associated with the cut such as the cutting speed, the speed of evolution of the tool wear, the milling modes and cutting forces. Tests are the link between measures of cutting forces and surface quality and characterization methods of cutting. Once the 5-axis machining with ball end mill characterized, two strategies of finishing closed veins in multiaxis are developed keeping constant the feed speed of the contact and the relative orientation of the tool axis with the normal the local surface. The plunge milling strategy is characterized by a curvature continuous trajectory. The helical milling strategy reveals tangent discontinuities of the trajectory. A method of local smoothing trajectory is then developed to provide a reasonable kinematics and dynamics behavior of machine
Mothe, Frédéric. "Aptitude au déroulage du bois de Douglas : conséquences de l'hétérogénéité du bois sur la qualité des placages." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10191.
Full textD'Hooghe, Vanessa. ""La féminité, un beau mot qui disparaît lentement" Réaménagement d'une norme en crise (Belgique-France, 1960-1980)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/217827.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Bigot, Laetitia. "Caractérisation de voies impliquées dans la régulation neuroendocrine du métabolisme énergétique et de la reproduction chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : Thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2011.
Full textThe pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas exhibits an annual cycle of reproduction, which occurs in the gonadic area, a mix tissue composed of germinal cells and storage cells that regress during gametogenesis. Neuroendocrine regulations implicated in the physiological balance linking these tissues are not well known. Neuropeptide Y/F, which regulates energetic balance in vertebrates and invertebrates, binds G protein-coupled receptors; five related receptors have been identified in C. Gigas. They display a differential pattern of expression depending on reproductive stage, and a higher expression in starved animals, compared to fed animals. By reverse endocrinology, no binding of NPY/F to these receptors could be demonstrated, but one of the receptors specifically binds a family of neuropeptides (GXLFRFamide) encoded by a unique precursor, whose expression also varies depending on trophic conditions. Bisides, a GnRH-like neuropeptide has been identified in oyster, its precursor expression varies depending on reproductive stage, and is induced in fed animals, compared to starved animals, suggesting that Cg-GnRH plays a role in the synchronization of nutritive status with energy needs during reproduction. New neuroendocrine pathways have been identified in C. Gigas. They seem to be implicated in the regulation of processes linked to nutrition, reproduction and/or energetic metabolism, which are strongly connected to summer mortalities of this species
Larue, Arnaud. "Prise en compte des déformations d'un outil dans le calcul des trajectoires d'usinage en fraisage de profil." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DENS0017.
Full textAndré, Virginie. "Problème de livraison - collecte dans un environnement hospitalier : méthodes d'optimisation, modèle de simulation et couplages." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824815.
Full textBelchior, Jérémy. "Développement d’une approche couplée matériau / structure machine : application au formage incrémental robotisé." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAR0033/document.
Full textThe incremental forming is an innovative process which consists in forming a sheet by the progressive movements of a punch. A solution to improve the productivity of the process and the complexity of the parts shapes is to use robots (serial or parallel). The scientific aim of this work is to define a global approach of the problem by studying the mesoscopic scale of the process and the macroscopic scale of the machine. In this context, a process/machine coupling approach which combines a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the process and an elastic modeling of the robot structure is presented.First, the punch forces necessary to form the part are computed assuming a machine structure perfectly stiff. To minimize the error between the predicted forming forces and the measured ones, the weight of three numerical and material parameters of the FEA is investigated. This study shows that an appropriate choice of parameters avoids the force measurement step, unlike the available approaches in the literature.Then, the predicted forces are defined as input data of the elastic model of the robot structure to compute the Tool Center Point (TCP) pose errors. To consider the behavior of the elastic structure, the modeling of robotized structures by beam elements is chosen and applied to an industrial robot Fanuc S420if. The identified elastic model permits to predict the TCP displacements induced by the elastic behavior of the robot structure over the workspace whatever the load applied on the tool. The prediction maximum error of ±0.35 mm remains compatible with the process requirements.To validate the approach, two parts are formed by the robot: a truncated cone and a twisted pyramid. The geometry of these two parts confirms the hypothesis of the simulation and the global approach. These two tests give very interesting results since an improvement of 80 % of the TCP poseaccuracy is identified.Finally, an optimization loop based on a parametric trajectory and on a FEA anticipates the springback effects before the unclamping of the sheet, and then minimizes the error between the nominal shape and the formed one. The application of the process/machine coupling approach for this trajectory leads to a geometric accuracy of the part before unclamping of ± 0.15 mm. These results open interesting perspectives for the methodology application
Cherif, Mehdi. "Modélisation générique des efforts de coupe en fraisage pour la CFAO et la surveillance de l'usinage." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2090.
Full textGauvent, Marc. "Optimisation de la durée de vie d'un outil de coupe pour l'industrie du bois : analyse et compréhension des modes d'usure : mise au point de solutions innovantes avec tests industriels." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/SCD_T_2006_0215_GAUVENT.pdf.
Full textFor each kind of production, the tool's wear can make important consequences on her. Wear is a common subject through the industry, and this phenomenon mastering always makes an advancement for entreprises who are interested in. This work deals with the wear phenomenon decomposition between different processable studies in order to permit a study and a global comprehension of this complex phenomenon. That's why we decided to separate the general cutting hedge general wear in wood industry second transformation between two parts : corrosion and abrasion. According to the wood material and his cutting specificities, the corrosion study was made by an electrochemistry test adaptation whereas the abrasion one needed the creation of a specific testing stand : TEEMO. To complete this study, we carried out experiments on generated temperature during the machining process. Through all this project, the results validates the departure theories i. E. Corrosion and abrasion have interaction to generate the cutting hedge global wear. With the sights of this work, the chemical composition of the cutting material is a factor as important as the material mechanic properties against the wear
Bissey, Stéphanie. "Développement d'un modèle d'efforts de coupe applicable à des familles d'outils : cas du fraisage des aciers traités thermiquement." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001486.
Full textTannous, Johny. "Lubrification par les composés organo-soufrés en phase gazeuse : Approche de la lubrification dans la coupe dees métaux." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2007. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T2090_jtannous.pdf.
Full textThe organo-sulphur compounds are used as extreme pressure (EP) and anti-wear (AW) additives in several industrial applications and particularly in metal working lubrication. In these kinds of applications in boundary lubrication, the severe conditions of friction (high temperatures and pressures) generate phenomena of seizing and thus cause important wear and welding between the contact surfaces. To solve these problems, AW/EP additives as the sulphur compounds are added to the base oils in order to reduce wear, friction and the pressure effect between the contact surfaces. These sulphur molecules act on metal surface to form metal sulphides containing tribofilms. The chemical composition of these tribofilms is not clearly identified and the reactions mechanisms are still largely unknown. In this work, we develop an original approach to simulate the boundary lubrication of the sulphur compounds in liquid phase by the gas phase lubrication with an environmentally controlled tribometer. The approach by gas phase lubrication confirms the results obtained in liquid lubrication showing a difference of tribological behaviours between the alkanethiols and polysulphides. These organo-sulphur compounds (alkanethiols and polysulphides) decompose under shearing effect, only on activated metallic surface, to form a tribofilm. The tribological properties are related to the nature of tribofilms composed of iron sulphides (FeS/Fe1-xS) in the case of the alkanethiols, a mixture of iron sulphides (FeS/Fe1-xS) and iron disulphide (FeS2) in the case of polysulphides. The difference in behaviour seems related to the tribofilms structure. The iron sulphides (FeS/Fe1-xS) have a lamellar structure which confers to them good friction reducing properties in comparison with iron disulphide (FeS2) which has an orthorhombic structure, the latter does not give any effect on friction reducing. The iron disulphide (FeS2) seems to have an important effect under severe conditions in order to prevent welding of surfaces. These new results are significant and have never been observed before by traditional approaches
Dalloz, Alexandre. "Etude de l’endommagement par la découpe des aciers dual phase pour application automobile." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1502.
Full textIn order to optimize the metallurgical quality of future dual phase steels, the present study aims at a better understanding of the formation of the cut edge damage induced by shearing. Observations and characterizations revealed the existence of a highly deformed area in the vicinity of the cut edges. This region of 200 µm is defined as the cutting affected zone. In addition to deformation, its microstructure presents voids, initiated at ferrite-martensite boundaries. The formation of this zone during the cutting process was studied through two complementary approaches: first, the use of an especially designed testing device that allows precise interruption of the cutting process, then, the simulation of the process by finite elements methods. The damage and the fracture of the sheets appeared to be controlled by the voids formation at the phases boundaries and thus by the stress triaxiality ratio. The study of the cut edge behaviour under loading showed the rapid initiation of small cracks in the cutting affected zone. The direct impact of these cracks on the sheets ductility was also highlighted. Finally, two heat treatments that limit the ductility loss induced by cutting were proposed: one by the formation of a third phase during cooling and the other by offering better mechanical properties around phases boundaries
Gilles, Patrick. "Positionnement d'outil torique pour l'usinage de surfaces gauches en fraisage 5-axes avec équilibrage de l'effort de coupe transversale." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/330/.
Full textThe presented work consists to improve milling process of sculptured surfaces. The aim is to reduce disturbances during machining in order to obtain a better surface roughness without increasing the manufacturing time. The study was conducted in 5-axis milling for torus cutter with round inserts suitable for the considered parts. The first part of this study establishes a cutting force model with a tool axis inclination towards the back of the tool. It leads to a formulation to balance the transversal cutting force that brings a significant improvement on tool dynamic behaviour. The second part presents a free gouging tool positioning and an associated strategy using the balance of transversal cutting force. The proposed method is globally validated on a complete example of sculptured surface machining
Cuc, Bogdan Sébastian. "Les manifestations du potentiel traumatique des expériences archaïques présentes dans trois situations cliniques différentes : la psychanalyse classique, la psychanalyse des enfants institutionalyse et le travail psychanalytique avec des couple mère-enfants." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD047.
Full textThe clinical situations we encounter within the classic psychoanalytical setting during thepsychoanalytic sessions bring us, often in foreground, moments when the patients use the settingas a construction tool, a construction that is developed in the negative of the relationship betweenthe patient and the psychoanalyst, as an attempt to recreate the "original shape". These are themoments in which the patient brings within the analytic situation different forms of expression ofthe archaic experiences or of the traumatic potential, forms coming from a space-time nonintegrated,a time that keeps the actuality of his expressions due to an not-enough elaboration ofits contents.I started on the basis of the following hypothesis:The violent appearance of the archaic elements or of the traumatic potential within the analyticsituation is a form of manifestation of the actual, which has not been developed the form of ametaphor, nor the primary form of representation, but an archaic form, inaccessible to thesymbolization process, in a shape similar to the presentation, Darstellung, which aspires to representation,that is to say, to a transformation in a form accessible to the primary developmentalprocesses.. When the archaic experiences and traumatic potential violently penetrate the analytic situationwith archaic realities repeating an actual that is outside of the psychic time of the patients, thosethey want to live and be a Here and Now.6 Each of the cases presented in this thesis represents experiences that first started to explore thepotential of each clinical situation at hand. The psychoanalytic setting, the setting of the analysiswith institutionalized children or the setting of the psychoanalytic consultations with the motherchildcouples, offer a spatiotemporal potentiality in which the relational dynamics benefit from aspace and time in a floating and associative expression. This process of free dynamic contentbrought by patients together with the forms in which I have received and developed such contentopened the access to the experience of the here and now, bringing us to what eventuallyrepresented the solution exit from the impasse and that continue the developing andtransformation process
Lima, Gomes Roberta. "LEICA : un environnement faiblement couplé pour l'intégration d'applications collaboratives." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00088729.
Full textYouinou, Loïc. "Etude de la dégradation thermique de poussières de polymères et évaluation du risque d'explosions." Thesis, Orléans, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE2063.
Full textThis work deals with a polymer characterization, the polyamide 12. This polymer may be used as a dust in industrial processes to create mechanical pieces by laser sintering. Methods and experimentations we applied to this study are compared to polymethylmethacrylate, a well-known polymer, for validation. In a first part, characterization of polymer has been performed (phase changes enthalpies and temperatures) through differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. During these analysis, gas phase chromatography has been made to investigate pyrolysis and oxidation gaseous products. So a kinetic study has been performed to obtain global reactions involved in the thermal degradation process of polyamide 12. These results are useful to point the main reactions involved in thermal degradation. Then, all the results have been compared to some obtained by estimative methods, which can give some clues about physical and chemical properties of materials through their molecular structures. The second part of the work deals with dust explosions, energies needed to create flames in polymer dust clouds and the violence of explosions. Pressure evolutions versus time have been measured. Flame visual records by high speed camera have also been performed. These results are useful for risk assessment in processes and for enclosure fires
Ayari, Oussama. "Caractérisation des usinages robotisés : Application aux processus de transformation du matériau bois." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0080.
Full textNowadays, the robotization of wood machining remains a complicated and uncommon task. This is also due to the significant constraints to which the use of an industrial robot (also known as anthropomorphic or polyarticulated) is subject. These particularly concern operations that require a high degree of precision and agility. Indeed, the forces exerted on the robot's articulations and on the tooling come up against the insufficient natural rigidity of polyarticulated robots. This causes the machine to lose its performance in terms of output and efficiency and degrades the quality of machining. In addition, the variable properties of the wood material do not make the polyarticulated robot the ideal candidate for material removal machining processes. In order to answer this problem, we seek, through this thesis, to improve the machining of robotized wood by taking into account the major technological difficulties: natural rigidity, dimensional quality of machining and cutting forces and interaction between them. Thus the difficulties related to the wood anatomy: Heterogeneity, anisotropy, fibrous texture and singularities. To solve this problem we used a numerically controlled (CNC) machine tool and an anthropomorphic ®Kuka robot equipped with a high-speed machining engine. We instrumented our experimental bench with a force measuring chain and a digital measuring table to quantify the dimensional errors of the machined profiles. Three wood materials are machined: Hardwood (Beech), softwood (Fir) and derived timber (MDF). The results obtained show that there is a direct proportional relationship between cutting forces and degradation of dimensional quality, regardless of the machine used. The higher the forces applied to remove the material, the more the tracking performance of the end effector decreases. In terms of system stability, measurements have shown that the farther the tool works from the robot base, the more the cutting forces fluctuate and the more the dimensional quality deteriorates. This becomes more pronounced when material heterogeneity and density are high. As a result, the robot is less stable and its performance in terms of repeatability in series production degrades. Fluctuations in stress and degradation of dimensional quality are intensified by changing the cutting mode. Cutting forces increase by a factor of 8 when the tool works perpendicular to the wood grain.The case of material-related peculiarities is discussed. Indeed, measurements show a rapid and sudden jump in forces which multiplies by 3 when the cutting edge passes through a knot. This leads to splinters and cracks in the material and degrades the orthogonality of the cut. The variation of the robot feed rates from 4m/min to 9m/min in beech machining resulted in damage to the machined surface in the form of material ripples and splinters due to deviations in the tool path. The same experiments on the variation of the robot feed rates are carried out on other species such as larch (softwood) and oak (hardwood) to study the machining quality. The results found are similar to those obtained previously (material splinters, tool path deviations and cracks)
Lepadatu, Daniel. "Optimisation des procédés de mise en forme par approche couplée plans d'expériences, éléments finis et surface de réponse." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00338415.
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