Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Couplage hybride'
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Etancelin, Jean-Matthieu. "Couplage de modèles, algorithmes multi-échelles et calcul hybride." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM072/document.
Full textIn this work, we investigate the implementation of hybrid methods on heterogeneous computers in order to achieve numerical simulations of multi-scale problems. The hybrid numerical method consists of coupling methods of different natures to solve the physical and numerical characteristics of the problem. It is based on a remeshed particle method that combines the advantages of Lagrangian and Eulerian methods. Particles are pushed by local velocities and remeshed at every time-step on a grid using high order interpolation formulas. This forward semi-lagrangian method takes advantage of the regular mesh on which particles are reinitialized but is not limited by CFL conditions.We derive a class of high order methods for which we are able to prove convergence results under the sole stability constraint that particle trajectories do not intersect.In the context of high performance computing, a strong portability constraint is applied to the code development in order to handle the rapid evolution of architectures and their heterogeneous nature. An analysis of the numerical efficiency of the GPU implementation of the method is performed and extended to multi-GPU platforms. The hybrid method is applied to the simulation of the transport of a passive scalar in a 3D turbulent flow. The two sub-problems of the flow and the scalar calculations are solved simultaneously on multi-CPU and multi-GPU architectures
Abid, Ines. "Plasmonique hybride : propriétés optiques de nanostructures Au-TMD, couplage plasmon-exciton." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30333/document.
Full textTransition metal dichalcogenide materials (TMDs) are increasingly gaining attention, due to their unique optical, spintronic, and electronic properties. These properties result from the ultimate confinement in 2D monolayers of a direct band-gap semiconductor and the lack of inversion symmetry in the crystallographic structure. To control and enhance the optical response of these materials, it is interesting to integrate them with plasmonic nano-resonators. The TMDs/plasmonic hybrid systems have been extensively studied for plasmon-enhanced optical signals, photocatalysis, photodetectors, and solar cells. In this context, this thesis deals with the interaction between TMD monolayers and gold nanostructures. In a first part, an hybrid system composed of CVD grown MoSe2 monolayers transferred on gold nanodisks was studied. Surface plasmon resonance was tuned by controlling the nanodisks size and the inter-disks separation. The optical properties of the nanostructures are probed by means of spatially resolved optical transmission and photoluminescence spectroscopies. Fano-type coupling regime between the surface plasmon of the gold nanodisks and the MoSe2 exciton was evidenced by a quantitative analysis of the optical extinction spectra based on an analytical model. Our interpretations were supported by numerical simulations. The number of MoSe2 monolayer dependence as well as the Temperature dependence of the plasmon-exciton interaction was investigated. Our results were quantatively analysed on the nanometric scale by studying the local electromagnetic near-field and the excitonic transition dipole momentum interaction. Furthermore, the Raman scattering of MoSe2@Au system was carried out. A particular situation was investigated where a resonant interaction between the surface plasmon of nanodisks and A exciton of v occur. The contribution of these two resonances leads to a resonant surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERRS) effect. The Raman Scattering excitation is selected to resonantly excite the Surface Plasmon resonance and MoSe2 excitonic transition simultaneously. The relative contribution of the surface Plasmon and the confined exciton to the resonant Raman scattering signal is pointed out. In this resonant condition, a hyperthermia effect was detected. Numerical simulations of the SERS gain were useful to figure out the main factors affecting the SERS intensity enhancement in MoSe2@Au. In a second part, the TMD monolayer was used as a substrate of Au nanoparticles. Au nanoislands were deposited on mono- and few-layered MoSe2 flakes. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements revealed a net quenching of the MoSe2 photoluminescence. To figure out the origin of this quenching three possibilities were discussed (i) the charge transfer between the TMD monolayer and the Au particles (ii) the direct to indirect gap transition of the TMD electronic band structure caused by the strain induced by the metal deposition (iii) structural disorder imparted by the nanoparticles in the TMD/metal interface. Owing to the Raman scattering measurements and using the radiative emission of the gold nanoparticles, we evidenced a charge transfetrt between the metallic nanostructures and the semiconductor. In order to complement our interpretations a comparative study with respect to optical properties of TMD covered by a silica film was carried out. The present work was held within the NeO group in CEMES, in a frame of a collaboration with the group of thr Pr. Jun Lou from Rice university, Houston
Khoi, Nguyen Trong. "Couplage d'ondes pour le chauffage des plasmas à la fréquence hybride basse." Grenoble INPG, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPG0016.
Full textNguyen, Trong-Khoi. "Couplage d'ondes pour le chauffage des plasmas à la fréquence hybride basse." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600043n.
Full textCadet, Laurent. "Etude du couplage convection-rayonnement en cavité différentiellement chauffée à haut nombre de Rayleigh en ambiances habitables." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS022/document.
Full textThe influence of radiative transfer on natural convection flows in cavities is studied numerically in turbulent regimes. The study considers DNS and LES approaches for the convection problem and discrete ordinate method (MOD) to solve the radiative problem combined with the SLW real gas model. The studied configuration is based on an experimental differentially heated cavity in air located at the Pprime Institut with a vertical aspect ratio of 4, for Rayleigh numbers ranging from 1,5x109 to 1,2x1011. The first part of the study focuses on hybrid MPI + OpenMP parallelization of the DOM. The methods developed show performance improvements of 13 to 1600% compared to the classical wavefront method. Then, a study of convection-wall radiation coupling is achieved through a flow sensitivity study to walls emissivities for different values of the Rayleigh number. Then, the gas radiation is added, and its impact is measured through a variation of the relative humidity of the dry air + steam. The results are compared to the case of a convectively adiabatic cavity (i.e. zero convective flux at the passive walls). Radiative transfers have the effect of reducing the central thermal stratification and increase the overall dynamics of the flow. The emissivity of the passive walls drives the location of the laminar-turbulent transition on the active walls and the central thermal stratification, while the gas radiation seems to impact the boundary layers of the horizontal walls
Hussain, Muzzamal. "Couplage procédé / propriétés mécaniques des matériaux sandwiches Métal / Composite hybride à base de tissus en jute." Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUI006.
Full textIn current study the mechanical properties of 3D woven jute reinforced and hybrid 3D woven jute reinforced FMLs were investigated. The four-layered 3D woven reinforcement was made with jute yarn using four types of interlocking patterns e.g. Orthogonal Through Thickness OTT and Orthogonal Layer to Layer OLL interlocking. The vacuum infusion technique was used for the fabrication of FMLs made with 3D woven jute reinforcement. After the optimization of 3D woven reinforcement the hybrid reinforced FMLs were developed in which OTT 3D woven fabric was sandwiched between 2D woven skin. Four different kinds of fibres were used to make 2D woven skin e.g. jute, aramid, carbon, and glass while three different kinds of matrix were employed, e.g. epoxy, PVB and PP. The compression hot press was used to develop hybrid reinforced FMLs. Aluminium used to make all FMLs was anodized before using for fabrication. The adhesive properties were investigated to check the quality of surface treatment, metal-composites bonding and effect of fibres and matrix. Both monotonic and dynamic properties were also investigated. The adhesive properties were characterized using t-peel and floating roller peel tests. The monotonic properties were analyzed using tensile and flexural tests. The low velocity impact performance was determined using drop weight low velocity impact test. The results showed that the anodized aluminium surface had high surface free energy so the better wetting of aluminium can be achieved by anodizing as compared to other type of surface preparations. The adhesive bonding analysis results showed that the delamination properties were mainly influenced by the nature of adhesive material rather than the type of structures of reinforcement. The nature of the matrix also influences the type of failure as with the epoxy the dominant failure was cohesive while with thermoplastic matrix it changed to adhesive and intra-laminar failure. The plasticity and ductility of matrix influenced the final properties more than the type of failure, in spite of cohesive failure of epoxy the thermoplastic matrix had more delamination force. The tensile and flexural properties of OTT 3D woven jute reinforced FMLs were higher than the OLL 3D woven reinforced FMLs due to the higher metal volume fraction, this was possible due to tighter construction of OTT fabric. The tensile and flexural properties of hybrid reinforced composites and FMLs were influenced by the type of matrix and material of 2D skin. The overall higher properties were achieved with an epoxy matrix followed by PVB matrix. The PVB-based FMLs showed that their properties were comparable with the epoxy. The flexural test showed that hybrid FMLs based on PP were failed prematurely due to delamination between synthetic skin and 3D woven core. Both epoxy and PVB showed better impregnation of the reinforcement unlike PP in which only mechanical interlocking was seen. The dynamic impact properties of hybrid composites and FMLs showed that the energy dissipation characteristics were influenced by matrix and hybridization of reinforcement
Preynas, Melanie. "Etude du couplage linéaire et non-linéaire de l' onde hybride basse aux plasmas de Tokamaks." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4060.
Full textIn order to achieve long pulse operation with a tokamak, additional heating and current drive systems are necessary. High frequency antennas, which deliver several megawatts of power to the plasma, are currently used in several tokamaks. Moreover, a good control of the coupling of the wave launched by the antenna to the edge plasma is required to optimize the efficiency of heating and current drive LH systems. However, non-linear effects which depend on the level of injected power in the plasma strongly damage the coupling of the LH wave at particular edge parameters (density and temperature profiles). Results presented in the manuscript deal with the study of the linear and non-linear coupling of the LH wave to the plasma. In the framework of the commissioning of the Passive Active Multijunction antenna in 2009 on the Tore Supra tokamak aiming at validating the LH system suggested for ITER, the characterisation of its coupling properties was realized from low power experiments. The experimental results, which are compared with the linear coupling code ALOHA, have valided the theoretical predictions of good coupling at edge plasma density around the cut-off density. Besides, the ponderomotive effect is clearly identified as responsible for the deterioration in the coupling of the wave, which is measured under particular edge plasma conditions. A theoretical model combining the coupling of the LH wave with the ponderomotive force is suggested to explain the experimental observations
Nolin, Guillaume. "Une méthode de couplage RANS/LES zonal pour la simulation instationnaire d'écoulements turbulents complexes." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066714.
Full textThe relevance of the zonal RANS/LES coupling methods for the unsteady simulation of turbulent flows is presented. The problems to be solved in order to develop a strategy of zonal coupling are outlined. Two of these problems are addressed. The first one is the improvement of the strategies of the zonal coupling to extend the area of influence of the LES zone in the RANS zone as far as possible. The proposed solution is based on an original RANS eddy viscosity reconstruction method, combined with a correction for the RANS turbulence model. The second one deals with the generation of a realistic turbulence at the inflow of the LES domains thanks to an enrichment of the RANS solutions, in order to reduce as much as possible the size of the LES domains. This turbulence is generated through LES inflow conditions based on databases. These techniques are applied to the flow around an airfoil at high Reynolds number and high angle of attack
Marinach, Carine. "Couplage orthogonal entre un piège ionique et un analyseur temps de vol IT/O-reTOF." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066247.
Full textCadet, Laurent. "Etude du couplage convection-rayonnement en cavité différentiellement chauffée à haut nombre de Rayleigh en ambiances habitables." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS022.
Full textThe influence of radiative transfer on natural convection flows in cavities is studied numerically in turbulent regimes. The study considers DNS and LES approaches for the convection problem and discrete ordinate method (MOD) to solve the radiative problem combined with the SLW real gas model. The studied configuration is based on an experimental differentially heated cavity in air located at the Pprime Institut with a vertical aspect ratio of 4, for Rayleigh numbers ranging from 1,5x109 to 1,2x1011. The first part of the study focuses on hybrid MPI + OpenMP parallelization of the DOM. The methods developed show performance improvements of 13 to 1600% compared to the classical wavefront method. Then, a study of convection-wall radiation coupling is achieved through a flow sensitivity study to walls emissivities for different values of the Rayleigh number. Then, the gas radiation is added, and its impact is measured through a variation of the relative humidity of the dry air + steam. The results are compared to the case of a convectively adiabatic cavity (i.e. zero convective flux at the passive walls). Radiative transfers have the effect of reducing the central thermal stratification and increase the overall dynamics of the flow. The emissivity of the passive walls drives the location of the laminar-turbulent transition on the active walls and the central thermal stratification, while the gas radiation seems to impact the boundary layers of the horizontal walls
Behaegel, Jonathan. "Modèles hybrides de réseaux de régulation : étude du couplage des cycles cellulaire et circadien." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4071/document.
Full textModelling biological systems has become instrumental to understand complex and emerging phenomena resulting from partially known influences, and to consider controlling an altered system in order to restore a physiological behaviour. Any model, independent of the underlying paradigm, involves parameters governing its dynamics. However, experimental measurements generally do not allow their identification and this remains one of the major problems of modelling. This PhD proposes an automatic method for identifying the dynamic parameters of biological systems in a hybrid modelling framework. The chosen hybrid framework splits the phase space according to the activity of the biological entities, and associates to each of these subspaces a celerity for each of the components. We introduce a continuous time Hoare logic as well as its weakest precondition calculus which, from qualitative and chronometrical experimental observations, constructs the minimum constraints on the model parameters making it compatible with the observations. This calculus leads to a Constraint Satisfaction Problem on real numbers and we show that it can be solved by the AbSolute solver.The Holmes BioNet prototype developed during this PhD can not only automate the parameter identification process from experimental data, but also simulate the evolution of the obtained model in order to compare it with experimental traces. We use this prototype to model the coupling of the cellular and circadian cycles
Litaudon, Xavier. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du couplage de l'onde hybride dans Tore-Supra et jet au moyen d'antennes à multijonctions." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX11284.
Full textDesroziers, Sylvain. "Sur la propagation des ondes laser avec couplage à l'hydrodynamique pour l'interaction laser plasma." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00087135.
Full textDesroziers, Sylvain. "Sur la propagation des ondes lasers avec couplage à l' hydrodynamique pour l' interaction laser-plasma." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066021.
Full textEshamuddin, Muhammad. "Elimination des micropolluants organiques par couplage Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) et procédés membranaires : application aux eaux usées domestiques et hospitalière." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP069.
Full textThe perpetual increase in human activities has resulted in recurrent detections of various organic micropollutants (MPs) particularly at the outlet of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The eventual discharge of such emerging contaminants, e.g., pharmaceutically active compounds, endocrine disrupting chemicals and pesticides, into water bodies remains a worrying issue due to their potential cumulative and toxic effects. Despite their presence at relatively low concentrations (< 1 µg.L-1), the release of these molecules into the environment has been indeed associated with multiple significant risks to human health and aquatic ecosystems.Despite noteworthy removal efficiencies of carbon- and nitrogen-based pollutants displayed by secondary treatments presently used in most WWTPs, the operational conditions applied are not always well adapted for the elimination of MPs, hence making WWTPs one of the major pathways for the influx of these contaminants into aquatic environment. This therefore leads to the implementation of tertiary or hybrid processes to enhance their removal. The constant increment in the number of research attempting to elucidate the elimination pathways of these MPs from wastewater via single or integrated processes illustrates the complexity of this matter.This PhD work focuses on the elimination of 19 MPs of different physicochemical properties and the ability of native microbial community to eliminate them in a hybrid system fed with different natures of non-conventional wastewater (i.e., domestic and hospital). The main particularity of these pre-treated effluents is their atypically low carbon content, resulting in C/N ratio in the range of 0.9 to 5.4. The hybrid process consists of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) coupled with two membrane processes - a dynamic ultrafiltration (UF) and a hollow fibre nanofiltration (NF) unit. Essential process parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), mass of attached biofilm, nitrogenous compounds and MPs removal rates are comprehensively analysed. The microbial profiles of different forms of biomass (i.e., inoculum, suspended biomass, attached biofilm) in the MBBR are also analysed via high-throughput DNA sequencing for comparative purposes.Based on the results obtained, the hybrid process particularly the MBBR presents relatively high elimination efficiency of COD (>75%) regardless of the nature of wastewater. Besides, the lab-scale system with the presence of NF3 filtration unit is also efficient in eliminating most of the targeted MPs (>85%) including recalcitrant compounds such as carbamazepine. As regards the microbiological aspects, the MBBR has proven to enhance the richness of microbial population, which was reflected by the higher ACE and Chao1 indexes when compared with the inoculum. Moreover, in the MBBR itself, attached biofilm possess higher microbial richness than suspended biomass in the MBBR. Concerning the most abundant phylum and class, Proteobacteria and its corresponding classes, Alpha- and Beta-proteobacteria dominated most biomass samples regardless of the campaigns. Statistical analysis have highlighted co-metabolism mechanisms linking the biological removal of certain targeted MPs with denitrification potential or nitrification capacity.Finally, future perspectives of this work include the establishment of a correlation between the removals of MPs and the diversity of microbial populations, but a larger amount of data would be necessary. Indeed, the latter will be obtained from future experiments with a scale-up system, in which the addition of an advanced oxidation process (i.e., ozonation) to further enhance the performance of the hybrid system in terms of MPs removal is devised. Besides, acute toxicity and antibioresistance assays conducted by collaborators of the project demonstrate positive outcomes hence assuring a promising future for this innovative system
Masmoudi, Mohamed. "Modélisation de la propagation d'ondes guidées, générées et détectées par transducteurs ultrasonores à couplage air : Application au CND de structures aéronautiques composites." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14483/document.
Full textNon-destructive testing (NDT) using guided waves generated and detected by air-coupled ultrasonic transducers have two main advantages. First, this non-contact technique without coupled medium allows obvious convenience of use. Moreover, the ability of guided waves to carry information about medium quality over long distance. In this context, a numerical model has been developed, which takes into account many parameters of the control system. In order to reduce the number of degrees of freedom, a hybrid model has been developed which consists of a combination between an analytical model, based on the Kirchhoff integral for the propagation of ultrasound in air and a finite element model for the propagation of guided waves in the material. The measured characteristics (efficiency and sensitivity) of two air-coupled transducers allow the prediction of the accurate values of the pressure of bulk waves generated in air and the measurement of the pressure of the radiated field in air by guided waves propagating in a structure. This process enables the comparison between predicted and measured guided waves modes. Based on the hybrid model, an optimization of the parameters of the control system (angle, frequency, diameter, direction of propagation, near and far field) was performed to improve the purity of guided modes along the material plate. To validate some numerical predictions, an aircoupled ultrasonic transducer is used and oriented at a specific angle chosen for generating one specific Lambmode guided along a composite plate sample, and a laser probe measures the normal velocity at different locations on the surface of the plate. Then, the interaction of ultrasonic guided waves with delamination in acomposite plate was studied. In particular, the sensitivity of the two fundamental modes A0 and S0 was analyzed in order to predict the detectability of the defect. In parallel, the inverse problem is solved and the defect size is quantified by calculating the spectrum of the reflection coefficient. Finally, the potential of air-coupled transducers to examine an aircraft structure, has been demonstrated
Nguyen, Khoa-Van. "Etude des effets de site dus aux conditions topographiques et géotechniques par une méthode hybride éléments finis/éléments frontières." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2005. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001839.
Full textÖzkizilkaya, Özlem. "Thermosensibilité de la demande électrique : identification de la part non linéaire par couplage d'une modélisation bottom-up et de l'approche bayésienne." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0050/document.
Full textThe growing heat pump market contributes to the increase in temperature sensitivity of electricity demand. It becomes necessary to understand the impact of temperature sensitive end-uses of electricity, including those which are correlated non-linearly to the outside temperature. In this context, this thesis aims to build a modeling framework to i) analyze the influencing factors of the temperature sensitivity of electricity demand from a physical description of temperature-sensitive equipment, and ii) to perform diagnoses of these parameters of influence by taking into account the associated uncertainties. A hybrid modeling approach that benefits the advantages of statistical models and physical models is used to answer these questions.Firstly, the temperature-sensitive part of electricity demand is estimated by a predictive top-down model. Then a physical model to analyze the temperature sensitivity at regional level is developed based on building thermal energy needs. A regional coefficient of performance (COP) is determined for the whole installed heat pumps by using pseudo-physical models which are regressed on manufacturer data or actual performance measures. Finally, the parameters of influence of the developed temperature sensitivity model are estimated using the Bayesian approach which provides a framework for the treatment of uncertainty in the form of probabilities. Equivalent coefficients of heat loss, an equivalent internal temperature, as well as the share of Joule heating and the share of heat pumps for the regional building stock are obtained
Durel, Jocelyn. "Intégration d’un laser hybride DBR III-V/Si en face arrière d’une puce photonique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT026/document.
Full textRecently, Silicon Photonics has emerged as a solution for the mass manufacturing of optical transceivers addressing datacenter’s needs in terms of increasing data-rate and reduced cost. Several Silicon-Photonics platforms have been demonstrated using standard Si technology. While these platforms differ in many regards, they all lack a solution for a monolithically integrated light source. To solve this problem, the most commonly proposed approach consists in bonding an InP-stack onto a Si-wafer in order to fabricate a Hybrid III-V/Si laser. However, none of those demonstrations have been made with a standard CMOS-BEOL, preventing a proper electronic-photonic integration. To solve the topographical problem induced by the additional layers, a new integration scheme, called Back-Side, has been developed and is presented in this document.First, the context of this study, a state of the art as well as the presentation of the Back-Side is discussed. The innovation brought by this integration, namely the bonding of the III-V on the back side of the SOI after the structuring of the latter, is then detailed.The correct behavior of a key element to the photonic chip, the grating coupler, is then treated through simulations, fabrication and optical characterizations. We have proved that, under specific conditions, this device has the same measured performances in Back-Side and in Front-Side.The principle of an optical oscillator and then the various modules composing the hybrid laser are then detailed. The implemented laser is based on a hybrid DBR (Distributed Bragg Reflector) III-V/Si cavity. In order to increase the mode confinement in the MQWS (Multi Quantum Wells) and hence ensure a high optical gain, the optical mode is gradually transferred between the III-V waveguide and the silicon waveguide of the hybrid laser by adiabatic tapers, patterned on both sides of the gain zone, to finally be reflected by the mirrors DBR in the silicon.Finally, its manufacturing process is explained before its opto-electronic characterizations are presented. The electrically pumped lasers have been tested under continuous-wave current conditions and the generated light has been collected through the grating coupler to a multi-mode fiber. The fiber coupling losses has been measured to be higher than 10 dB. The output power is up to 1.15 mW at an injection current of 200 mA. The lasing threshold is 45 mA which corresponds to a current density of 1.5 kA/cm2 and the series resistance of the laser contacts is approximately 9 . The threshold voltage is 1.45 V.The laser spectra reflect its single-wavelength laser operation, for different injection currents, with a central wavelength corresponding to the Bragg wavelength of the mirrors. A Side Mode Suppression Ratio (SMSR) of more than 35 dB has been measured. A 4 nm wavelength shift has been observed when injecting 20 mA into both metallic heaters above DBRs.The monolithic integration of a fully CMOS compatible hybrid DBR laser on the backside of a SOI wafer being demonstrated for the first time, implementing CMOS compatible electric interconnects and optical sources on a same chip has could be achieved. This device opens the route to a fully integrated optical transceiver on a Si platform
Rampazzi, Vincent. "Chimie de coordination du phosphore aux métaux du groupe 11 : progrès en catalyse de couplage C-N au Cu(I) et nouveaux complexes polyphosphines de l'Au(I)." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS025/document.
Full textNowadays, sustainable development encourages chemists to develop new economic and ecologic synthesis, because natural ressources are reducing. Most exploited ressources are gas and petroleum, but precious metals are also essential. This thesis is focusing on the enhancement of gold and copper complexes, obtained in our laboratory from phosphorous-based ligands. In the first part, we will develop a new system for the N-arylation of pyrazoles from a copper complexe coordinated by a new hybrid phosphinoalkene ligand. In the second part, coordination properties of gold to different ferrocenic polyphosphine will be studied. Several new innovative complexes will be isolated, and could be used in future catalytic or luminescent studies
Bompas, Cécile-Aline. "Contribution à la validation expérimentale du couplage entre un accélérateur et un massif sous-critique : expériences MUSE III et MUSE IV." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10225.
Full textLourdel, Guillaume. "Méthodologie et outils de calcul numérique pour la prise en compte de la compatibilité électromagnétique des nouveaux prototypes de circuits intégrés de puissance." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30239.
Full textIn the topic of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) we count more coupling problems, inside circuitry and energy emission. These interactions are strengthened by the process of system integration, which aims at the reduction of volume, weight and finally cost of the system conception. Power integration confines in a reduced volume the functions of power (IGBT) and command (digital circuits). In this context, we propose a simulation methodology to take into account EMC aspects of the power electronics devices. We shall approach the modelling of power component and electric connections: using finite elements method in order to extract R, L and C values, according to frequency effects and couplings, such as mutual inductance and parasitic capacitances. Then we are able to simulate electrical and electromagnetic behaviour of a power device, or also to detect current imbalance between semiconductor chips and get the best design. This work contributes to the EMC Virtual Experiment concept
Elagiri, Ramalingam Rajkumar. "Development of a hybrid method for investigating near-field radiated couplings on electric cables above the GND plane." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUES035.
Full textCe travail de thèse a pour objectif de développer une méthodologie globale pour l’analyse des effets électriques de couplage causés par les champs proches ElectroMagnétiques (EM) rayonnées par des dispositifs électriques et électroniques dans une bande de fréquence ultra large sur des câbles électriques. La méthode proposée est basée sur l’association des champs EM définis à partir des simulations, modélisations ou des mesures avec des modèles semi-analytiques pour évaluer la tension de couplage à travers le câble. L’originalité de la méthode de calcul hybride étudiée pour cette thèse repose sur son adaptabilité aux agressions incluant les ondes évanescentes et aux différents types de structures électriques et électroniques pour divers positions entre les sources de perturbation et les câbles victime et aussi sa validité sur une bande de fréquence ultra large. Des méthodologies indiquant de lignes directrices pour l’application de la méthode hybride proposée en fonction des types de structures considérées ont été proposées. Les résultats analytiques mettant en évidence la pertinence de la méthode en considérant les champs proches rayonnés par un réseau des dipôles élémentaires sont d’abord introduits. Ensuite, des études expérimentales de l’analyse des champs proches basse fréquence et radiofréquences émis par des circuits électroniques permettant les prédictions des tensions de couplage à travers les câbles électriques de longueur de l’ordre de quelques mm à quelques m en considérant le rayonnement des antennes patch à partir de 0,5 GHz à 4 GHz sont présentés. Enfin, les analyses numériques montrant l’efficacité de la méthode hybride en considérant diverses formes réalistes complexes des fils électriques victimes des agressions des champs EM ont également été réalisées et validées. La méthode développée dans cette thèse est particulièrement utile pour prédire le couplage entre les structures complexes dans des bandes de fréquences de quelques kHz à plusieurs GHz
GATEL, Christophe. "Elaboration et étude d'un système hybride "Oxyde ferrimagnétique / Métal non magnétique / Oxyde ferrimagnétique"." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009159.
Full textNous avons étudié la croissance épitaxiale de couches simples de Fe3O4 et de CoFe2O4 sur Al2O3(0001) et MgO(001) afin d'obtenir respectivement une direction de croissance [111] et [001]. Nous nous sommes également intéressés à la croissance épitaxiale et à l'anisotropie d'échange de bicouches Fe3O4(5nm à 50nm)/NiO(66nm) dans ces deux mêmes directions de croissance. Nous avons ensuite étudié la croissance de métaux non oxydables (Pt, Au et Ag) sur les surfaces (001) et (111) de Fe3O4.
Ces résultats ont permis d'élaborer les systèmes épitaxiés Fe3O4/M(M=Au,Pt)/ CoFe2O4 sur Al2O3(0001). Les propriétés électriques montrent que les électrons sont confinés dans la couche métallique et qu'apparaît une GMR atteignant près de 1,8% à 10K due exclusivement aux réflexions électroniques sur les interfaces métal/oxyde avec certainement une contribution des réflexions spéculaires.
Pesudo, Laure. "Une méthode hybride couplant la méthode des équations intégrales et la méthode des rayons en vue d'applications au contrôle non destructif ultrasonore." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLY009/document.
Full textNon Destructive Testing (NDT) aims at probing a medium to check its integrity and aging. Withthe help of simulation tools, it allows to detect, caracterize and locate flaws inside a material with a precisiondepending on that of the simulation methods. Usual numerical and asymptotic methods nevertheless often failat precisely computing diffraction for ultrasonic NDT. Hybrid approaches are thus prefered in this framework.In this thesis, we propose a new hybrid strategy combining the boundary integral equation method and raytracing to compute high frequency diffraction of an obstacle in a large medium (critical NDT configuration).This strategy allows to compute precisely the diffraction effects and to convert and propagate the diffractedfield as rays. The proposed strategy relies on a two-scale model of the diffracting obstacle. First developpedto simulate acoustic waves diffraction on an obstacle of size less than the wave length (barycentric method),the hybrid strategy is then extended to compute the diffraction by an obstacle of size some wave lengths(polycentric method) thanks to the introduction of a partition of unity of the obstacle surface. Besides, inorder to accelerate the hybrid approach, we propose an Online-Offline resolution procedure based on theOffline computation of the scattering matrix for a reduced set of incidence and observation directions and onthe use of a polynomial interpolation of its singular vectors for the Online evaluation of the scattering matrixfor any incidence and observation directions. We then study the possibility of extension of the hybrid strategyto 3D acoutics and elastodynamics. We finally give several perspectives for the adaptation of the approach todeal with diffraction by one or several obstacles potentially close to the propagating medium boundaries
Vaish, Nitika. "Optomechanical transducer based on a single quantum dot." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY074.
Full textIn the context of nanomechanics, quantum hybrid systems are mechanical oscillators coupled to a single individual quantum system. These systems offer radically new possibilities for the fabrication of extremely sensitive and ultra-compact optomechanical transducers, which can serve as position sensors or nano engines.The hybrid system investigated in this work consists of a single semiconducting quantum dot (QD) embedded in a vibrating photonic wire. It has been shown in the team, a few years ago, that the transition energy of the QD depends on the strain generated by the wire oscillations.In this thesis, we demonstrate the reverse effect, where each photon emitted by the QD comes along with a strain-induced force which drives the oscillations of the photonic wire. This realizes a nano engine run by a laser-driven single quantum object. The effect has been coined “Quantum Hammer effect”. This result opens the possibility for the future realization of a quantum state of motion via the transfer of the ”quantumness” of a two-level system towards the motion of a macroscopic mechanical oscillator
Pesudo, Laure. "Une méthode hybride couplant la méthode des équations intégrales et la méthode des rayons en vue d'applications au contrôle non destructif ultrasonore." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLY009.
Full textNon Destructive Testing (NDT) aims at probing a medium to check its integrity and aging. Withthe help of simulation tools, it allows to detect, caracterize and locate flaws inside a material with a precisiondepending on that of the simulation methods. Usual numerical and asymptotic methods nevertheless often failat precisely computing diffraction for ultrasonic NDT. Hybrid approaches are thus prefered in this framework.In this thesis, we propose a new hybrid strategy combining the boundary integral equation method and raytracing to compute high frequency diffraction of an obstacle in a large medium (critical NDT configuration).This strategy allows to compute precisely the diffraction effects and to convert and propagate the diffractedfield as rays. The proposed strategy relies on a two-scale model of the diffracting obstacle. First developpedto simulate acoustic waves diffraction on an obstacle of size less than the wave length (barycentric method),the hybrid strategy is then extended to compute the diffraction by an obstacle of size some wave lengths(polycentric method) thanks to the introduction of a partition of unity of the obstacle surface. Besides, inorder to accelerate the hybrid approach, we propose an Online-Offline resolution procedure based on theOffline computation of the scattering matrix for a reduced set of incidence and observation directions and onthe use of a polynomial interpolation of its singular vectors for the Online evaluation of the scattering matrixfor any incidence and observation directions. We then study the possibility of extension of the hybrid strategyto 3D acoutics and elastodynamics. We finally give several perspectives for the adaptation of the approach todeal with diffraction by one or several obstacles potentially close to the propagating medium boundaries
Gregório, José Henrique Ramalho. "Etude de micro-plasmas créés par microondes à pression atmosphérique." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112216.
Full textThis work studies three linear resonator sources, which use a continuous microwave (2. 45 GHz frequency) excitation to produce stable micro-plasmas in air, helium and argon, at atmospheric pressure. The discharges are produced and sustained within the 50 - 200 μm gap created between two metal electrodes, placed at the open-end of a microstrip-like transmission line. Particular attention is given to the design and optimization of the sources (in terms of frequency tuning and power coupling), following a complementary approach based on simulations and experiments. Optical emission spectroscopy diagnostics allow deducing the rotational, the vibrational and the excitation gas temperatures, in addition to the electron density. An imagery analysis is used to measure the plasma volume and to deduce its coupled power density. Modeling involves a 1D self-consistent stationary hybrid code for Ar micro-plasmas, which solves the fluid-type transport equations for the charged particles, the excited species, and the mean energy with the electrons and the neutral gas, coupled to the kinetic electron Boltzmann equation. The work features a fast time-relaxation quasi-implicit algorithm, for the numerical solution to the plasma equations
Basti, Ahmed. "Développement de méthodes de synthèse pour la conception de filtres hyperfréquences compacts et optimisés en pertes." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0023/document.
Full textFor satellite communication systems, high performance filters are needed in order to reject unwanted signals in many parts of the communication chain. High quality factor (Q) technologies can meet this requirement, but they often lead to bulky devices. On the other hand, compact technologies are generally low Q and suffer from a degradation of electrical performances in terms of insertion loss, selectivity and flatness. To meet a growing demand concerning size reduction, it is essential to develop compact microwave filters with improved electrical performances.For a receive filter, the challenge is to design a compact bandpass filter with a flat response in the passband and a sharp transition in the passband edges. The insertion loss is not crucial and it can be compensated by the amplifier, leaving a room to the design of a lossy filter. Such a filter accepts additional losses, which can be distributed in the network in order to provide a flat transmission in the passband and a sharp selectivity.In this thesis, new synthesis methods for filtering devices have been studied and developed to improve performances while maintaining a small footprint. These methods have been validated for the design of filters for a receiver in payload satellites as part of collaboration between the Xlim laboratory, the France National Space Centre and Thales Alenia Space
Nguyen, Khoa Van. "Étude des effets de site dus aux conditions topographiques et géotechniques par une méthode hybride éléments finis/éléments frontières." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001839.
Full textAskri, Walid. "Générateurs flexibles et hybrides tribo/piézo-électrique pour l’auto- alimentation de capteurs communicants." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nantes Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NANU4065.
Full textThe advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) in all areas of society has led to a proliferation of low-power communicating sensors. In this context, triboelectric energy harvesting devices have recently been demonstrated with a high open-circuit voltage. However, the output current remains limited. In this work, a hybrid triboelectric-piezoelectric generator was proposed to simultaneously combine triboelectric and piezoelectric effects to improve the performance of the hybrid tribo-piezoelectric generator. The triboelectric generator is composed of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pair and carbon black charged polyurethane foam (PUC) playing a dual role: electropositive element (electron donor) and electrode.The hybrid generator was tested on two excitation systems: vibratory pot and blower. The determination of the triboelectric capacitance is one of the important topics because of its variability, which depends on the air gap between the PUC and the PTFE. With rectifier, and using two rectifier diode bridges, the shaker-mounted hybrid generator generates an open-circuit voltage of 318 V, a closed-circuit current of 4.95 μA, and a maximum power of 349 μW at an optimal impedance of 40 MΩ. An energy comparison at the same impedance confirms the power gain thanks to the hybrid coupling. This generator was used to power a communicating temperature sensor during several cycles of measurements/data transmissions
Fabre, Florian. "Conduite orientée ordonnancement d'un simulateur dynamique hybride : application aux procédés discontinus." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT023G/document.
Full textThis thesis presents works which aim to incorporate a scheduling module (ProSched) to an environment for modeling and dynamic hybrid simulation PrODHyS in order to automate the generation of scenarios for simulation of batch processes based on a recipe and a list of production orders (OF). The methodology developed is based on a mixed optimization / simulation approach. In this context, three key points have been developed in this work: - First, design and develop reusable components (recipe classes) for the hierarchical and systematic modeling of the sequencing of unit operations. For this, the notions of Task token and macro-place have been introduced in the RdPDO formalism and allow the modeling of recipes by assembling these predefined components. - Secondly, define a generic mathematical model of scheduling based on a well defined graphical formalism (RTN) that models the main characteristics of batch processes and provide all input data necessary to the simulation model. For this, a MILP model based on the Unit Specific Event formulation has been implemented. - Finally, define the interface between the optimization model and the simulation model through the concept of control place and decision-making center at the simulator level. In this context, various strategies of mixing optimization and simulation are proposed. The potential of this approach is illustrated by the simulation of a complete manufacturing process
Zhang, Di. "Transducteurs ultrasonores capacitifs multiéléments à couplage air pour un contrôle non destructif à focalisation dynamique de matériaux : modélisation, simulations numériques et expériences." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14893/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of a Multi-Element Air-coupled Capacitive Ultrasonic Transducer (MEACUT) and its use in the field of non-destructive testing (NDT) of materials. A numerical model is used to simulate the translator, and to optimize its design. A prototype is then built and experimentally characterized to quantify its performance. Its originality lies in the fact that it has a broad frequency bandwidth while offering the possibility of a dynamic focusing. This prototype is then used for the detection of damage caused by impact, in a composite plate. It is clearly found that the spatial resolution of the inspection process employed (C-scan) is greatly improved thanks to the technical performance MEACUT. Finally, a 3D hybrid model is developed to simulate quickly and fully, the process of NDT. The good agreement obtained between numerical predictions and experimental measurements suggests that this simulation tool can be used to develop other NDT experiments, which may in turn exploit the performance of MEACUT
Pialat, Xavier. "Développement d'une méthode hybride eulérienne-lagrangienne pour la modélisation numérique de la phase particulaire dans les écoulements turbulents gaz-particules." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale superieure de l'aeronautique et de l'espace, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00224819.
Full textLa modélisation numérique de tels écoulements offre en conséquence un large panel de modèles. La prédiction de la phase dispersée est ainsi effectuée dans le formalisme lagrangien ou dans le formalisme eulérien.
Il n'existe pourtant pas actuellement d'outil numérique permettant d'obtenir une résolution à moindre coût de l'écoulement (de l'ordre du coût d'une résolution eulérienne) tout en conservant une prédiction précise
dans toutes les zones de l'écoulement (comme le font les approches lagrangiennes suffisamment résolues).
Une méthode élégante pour résoudre ce type de problèmes réside dans l'utilisation d'une méthode hybride
couplant des approches issues de formalismes différents.
Ce travail vise donc à développer une méthode hybride eulérienne-lagrangienne pour la modélisation numérique de la phase dispersée dans les écoulements turbulents gaz-particules. A cette fin, le domaine spatial de l'écoulement est décomposé en sous-domaines dans lesquels une seule des deux approches est utilisée. Les deux approches couplées ont en commun la description en termes statistiques de la phase dispersée, effectuée à l'aide d'une fonction densité de probabilité (pdf) jointe fluide-particule. La première repose sur une discrétisation directe de l'équation d'évolution de la pdf à l'aide d'une méthode particulaire stochastique. La deuxième est basée sur la résolution des équations eulériennes des moments déduites de l'équation de la pdf (densité, vitesse moyenne et contraintes cinétiques particulaires . . . ), fermées à l'aide d'hypothèses supplémentaires, et discrétisées par volumes-finis.
Le couplage des deux approches est basé sur la description cinétique des flux de moments au travers des interfaces entre sous-domaines, permettant la mise en place de conditions aux limites bien posées. La condition à la limite de couplage concernant le lagrangien est spécifiée par la distribution des vitesses (ou pdf) des particules entrantes dans le domaine lagrangien. Cette pdf est déduite d'informations provenant à la fois des calculs lagrangien et eulérien de l'itération de couplage précédente. Cette pdf est alors simulée par une méthode statistique dite de réjection, permettant ainsi d'imposer les caractéristiques entrantes au domaine lagrangien. Les conditions aux limites imposées au domaine eulérien peuvent être de type Dirichlet (calcul lagrangien des moments à imposer) ou de type flux (décomposition des flux en une partie donnée par les particules sortantes du domaine lagrangien, l'autre par le calcul eulérien précédent).
Les deux approches, ainsi que les méthodes de couplage, sont codées en FORTRAN90, permettant une validation dans des configurations d'écoulements homogènes (écoulements cisaillés homogènes) et inhomogènes (écoulement de canal plan ascendant) par comparaison avec des résultats d'expériences numériques. La méthode hybride est ainsi appliquée dans des situations fortement déséquilibrée (canal plan) pour lesquelles l'approche eulérienne ne permet une prédiction adéquate de l'écoulement. L'utilisation de la méthode hybride améliore sensiblement cette prédiction et démontre ainsi la faisabilité et l'intérêt d'une telle méthode.
Ifis, Abderrazzaq. "La nouvelle approche hybride MAX-FEM pour la modélisation thermomécanique des couches minces." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0044/document.
Full textThis work introduces a new simplified finite elements method MAX-FEM based on hybrid analytical-numerical coupling. This method is intended to the multi-scales analysis of transient thermomechanical behavior of mediums containing thin layers such as bounded and coated structures. The MAX-FEM consists in correcting the classical Finite Elements Method (FEM) by correction matrices taking into account the presence of thin layers without any mesh refinement. The proposed correction is based on the analytical approach of Matched Asymptotic Expansions (MAE) and the numerical method of Partition of Unity Method (PUM). The developed approach can easily implemented under different numerical codes (MATLAB, ABAQUS, ...) and can be used to perform mechanical, thermal and thermomechanical analyses of 1D and 2D bounded and coated structures. The obtained results show a good accuracy with short computation time, and without any required mesh refinement. Also, the developed method overcomes the limitation of the MAE and PUM methods by exploiting the advantages of their coupling. Finally, the MAX-FEM approach was also used to develop an experimental test bench intended to the thermal characterization of thin layers. Indeed, a simple confrontation between the heat transfer in an homogeneous structure and a second structure with thin layer allows identifying the thermal conductivity in both transient and stationary regimes. The test bench is simple to release and the obtained results for brazed structure show a good accuracy of the developed approach
De, person Pierre. "Jonctions tunnel à aimantation perpendiculaire : croissance, caractérisations structurales ; phénomènes de couplage, magnétotransport ; extension aux hétérostructures pour l'injection de spins dans les semiconducteurs III-V." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10035.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the elaboration by epitaxy and the characterization of devices designed for spintronic applications : magnetic tunnel junctions (FePt/MgO/FePt) and hybrid heterostructures ferromagnetic metal / semiconductor III-V (FePt/MgO/GaAs). Ln both cases we used MgO as an insulating barrier and FePt ferromagnetic electrodes with magnetization perpendicular to the surface plane (the L1o ordered alloy). This ferromagnetic material has been chosen for the purpose of creating future magnetic memories because its large anisotropy enables a stable magnetic information. Different magnetic behaviors have been shown for each of the two electrodes of the magnetic tunnel junctions. Structural characterizations of the system performed during the growth process led us to attribute this effect to the epitaxial strain of the thin films. Surprisingly at first sight, the magnetic decoupling of the system is not guaranteed in the general case because of the strong magnetization of the ferromagnetic layers that induces a strong stray field during the magnetization reversaIs. We also were able to deduce, by experiments and calculations, the influence of the thickness of the electrodes on the general magnetic properties of the device. Studies of magnetization reversaI dynamics have shed some light on the key role played by the pinning of the domain walls during the magnetization reversals. All-epitaxial FePtlMgO/GaAs hybrid systems were elaborated by combining different deposition chambers. We managed to grow systems exhibiting very good structural and magnetic properties
Nehlig, Emilie. "Développement de nano-catalyseurs pour des réactions de couplage C-C." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132028.
Full textIn the last decades, the interest for new catalysts and new catalytic reactions dramatically increased due to their miscellaneous industrial applications in fine or pharmaceutical chemistry for example. Lots of catalysts have been developed for an increasing number of organic reactions. Nevertheless, most of homogeneous catalysts are difficult to adapt to industrial process due to separation and regeneration problems. Furthermore, even if they are highly efficient, most of the catalysts contain noble metals often expensive and difficult to recycle. That’s why greener and much more economic protocols need to be developed. The use of nanoparticles as solid support for catalysts in organic chemistry appears as an innovative solution for solving these problems. Among the different inorganic nanomaterials, iron oxide nanoparticles represent an attractive tool due to their magnetic properties and easiness of obtaining. The aim of these work consist in designing magnetic nanocatalysts and evaluating their catalytically activity and recycling in C-C bond formation reactions which are commonly used in organic chemistry. Iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe₂O₃) have been synthesized by soft chemistry in aqueous media. Particles have then been stabilized on surface by bidendate coating agents bearing a terminal function which enables post functionnalization with the desired catalyst (L-Proline, peptides, alkaloid, Palladium). These hybrids nanomaterials, with an inorganic core and an organic shell, have been characterized with various techniques in order to determine their properties. Catalysts activities have been evaluated on model C-C bond formation reactions such as aldolisation, 1, 4-Michael addition and cross coupling Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling
Añez, Javier. "Modélisation de l'injection de pétrole pour les procédés FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking)." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR132/document.
Full textThis PhD is a joint venture between VINCI Technologies and the CNRS Laboratory CORIA. For its application, VINCI Technologies, developed mainly oil-related equipments and in particular injection/atomization systems. Some of these injectors are characterized by a very big geometrical dimensions (several meters long), that leads to very high Reynolds and Weber number. In addition, many injectors incorporate an internal mixing zone, in which liquid and gas phases are both present in a significant proportion. Consequently, this zone belongs to the dense two-phase flow category. To simulate the liquid dispersion and to characterize the spray formation special from these injectors, appropriate models are required. On its side, the CORIA team, has developed a suitable approach, so-called ELSA, based on the pioneering work of Borghi and Vallet [1, 2]. Key points of this approach are the liquid dispersion that can be associated to the turbulent liquid flux and the amount of liquid-gas surface that can be used to determine eventually the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of the spray. During this PhD, the applications proposed by V INCI Technologies, have promoted a review of a large part of the multiphase flow approaches to find the more appropriate for each case. This has been the opportunity to clarify the range of application of each approach, and therefore stress the necessity to develop coupled approaches, in order to cover the proposed application in the most suitable way. In particular, this manuscript reports, in one hand, the theoretical development of the ELSA family models, and on the other hand, the corresponding industrial approximations. Since ELSA approaches are originally developed for RANS simulation of the dense zone, it has been extended to LES description. The link of this approach to the DNS¡ ICM approach, has been studied with a special care. The resulting proposed solver, switches dynamically from ICM to subgrid spray, through the ELSA concept, and thanks to resolution based indicator (IRQ). On the opposite side, once the dispersed spray is formed, the ELSA approach is coupled to multiphase flow method, that aims to determine the spray distribution through the WBE equation. This later equation, is solved with an original hybrid Euler-Lagrange method. The purpose is to solve the WBE equation with a Lagrange stochastic approach, and at the same time, preserving the compatibility to the Euler description of two-phase flow, based on ELSA, to benefit from both approaches. This coupled approach has been tested against academic experimental data coming from ECN research initiative, a combined DNS and experimental measurement of dispersed spray on a Diesel jet, and under an air-blast atomizer numerical test case, for which the mean liquid volume fraction has been measured. Eventually, these developed approaches have been applied to industrial application showing there robustness and their capacity to help in the process of design development of new injectors
Zuo, Peng. "Synthèses, études structurales et physiques de doubles pérovskites ordonnées NaLnCoWO6 : recherche de nouveaux composés multiferroïques basés sur la ferroélectricité hybride impropre." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI113/document.
Full textIn this study, new magneto-electric materials were synthesized on the basis of the very recently recognized ferroelectric inducing mechanism, hybrid improper ferroelectricity, and structural and physical properties characterizations were carried out on these new phases.Two classes of materials were focused on: the Ruddlesden-Popper oxides NaRMO4 (R=Y, La; M= Mn, Cr) and the doubly ordered perovskites NaLnCoWO6 (Ln= Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Yb). Attempts to synthesize the former class failed to give the target phases. All compounds in the latter class were prepared successfully by solid-state reactions at high temperature, among which the compounds NaLnCoWO6 (Ln=La, Pr, Nd) were prepared at ambient pressure while the other nine compounds were synthesized at high pressure.The structural study of the doubly ordered perovskite family NaLnCoWO6 was performed by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (SXRPD) and neutron powder diffraction (NPD). Based on the Rietveld refinement of the SXRPD patterns, the space groups were assigned. NaLnCoWO6 (Ln=La, Pr, Nd) compounds crystallize in the centrosymmetric C2/m symmetry, whereas the other nine new compounds crystallize in the polar space group P21. Second harmonic generation measurements on powder confirmed the non-centrosymmetric structure of the new compounds. Symmetry mode analysis demonstrates that the amplitude of the induced polar mode increases with a decreasing Ln cation size. The amplitude of the polarization was estimated from the refined structures, and can be as large as ~20µC/cm2.A structural phase transition was observed by NPD in NaLaCoWO6 with a large temperature hysteresis of ~150K. In addition, stripes were observed on the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images in the high temperature phase. The periodicity of this superstructure is 12ap along either the [100]p or [010]p direction. Further investigations by scanning TEM and electron energy loss spectroscopy revealed that the contrast of the stripes is due to a structural modulation rather than a compositional variation. Octahedral tilt twinning models were built with different tilting schemes to fit the observed SXRPD and NPD patterns. The tilting scheme a-a-c0 describes successfully the data. The low temperature phase was unambiguously determined to possess the polar space group P21.Magnetic and electric properties were experimentally characterized. All NaLnCoWO6 compounds order antiferromagnetically below TN which is between 4 and 13K. Curie-Weill fits were performed for all compounds, yielding reasonable effective magnetic moments compared to the theoretical ones. Weiss temperatures were all determined to be negative further indicating that antiferromagnetic interactions are dominant in these systems. Magnetic structures were determined for four NaLnCoWO6 (Ln= Y, La, Tb, and Ho) compounds, of which two have non-magnetic Ln cations (Y and La) and two have magnetic ones (Tb and Ho). Magneto-dielectric coupling was experimentally observed in compounds NaLnCoWO6 (Ln=Y, Tb, Ho) by dielectric measurements as a function of temperature and magnetic field. Polarization was derived for the Y and Ho compounds from pyroelectric current measurement, however, only the NaYCoWO6 compound demonstrates a polar behavior which cannot be switched. This is the first evidence that electric polarization can be induced by the magnetic ordering in the AA’BB’O6 class materials
Bellivier, Axel. "Modélisation numérique de la thermoaéraulique du bâtiment : des modèles CFD à une approche hybride volumes finis-zonale." Phd thesis, Université de la Rochelle, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007009.
Full textPeyrounette, Myriam. "Towards brain-scale modelling of the human cerebral blood flow : hybrid approach and high performance computing." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19543/1/Peyrounette.pdf.
Full textMassard, Alexandre. "Ligands hybrides : synthèse et chimie de coordination." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00704510.
Full textLyonnet, Florian. "Modélisation du Contrôle Non Destructif ultrasonore de tubes métalliques pour l’activité nucléaire : approche 3D, confrontation à l’expérience et prise en compte de différentes géométries de défauts réels." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS566.
Full textReagrding the safety of civil nuclear installations, the metallic cladding that contains the fissile material has a great significance. Before filling, each tube is controlled by means of an automated ultrasonic inspection. For the French manufacturer Framatome, improving this process can have a positive impact on both quality and productivity. Since 2010, Framatome is conducting a project for the development of a numerical model of its ultrasonic inspection. In this work we propose a 3D model based on three independent steps which allows the re-utilization of optimized calculations. This model is able to simulate the echoes recorded during the inspection of a flawed product. We present a decoupling between the calculation of the flaw diffracted field and the incident field in the pipe. Our model uses both a semi-analytical method and a Finite Difference method to assess the reference computations of several flaws and several control configurations (inspection angle). A highly parallelized coupling code is proposed to reconstruct the echo signals from the reference fields. The improvement in term of computation time is evaluated and the results are compared with experimental results measured on an automated ultrasonic bench
Citrain, Aurélien. "Hybrid finite element methods for seismic wave simulation : coupling of discontinuous Galerkin and spectral element discretizations." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMIR28.
Full textTo solve wave equations in heterogeneous media with finite elements with a reasonable numerical cost, we couple the Discontinuous Galerkin method (DGm) with Spectral Elements method (SEm). We use hybrid meshes composed of tetrahedra and structured hexahedra. The coupling is carried out starting from a mixed-primal DG formulation applied on a hybrid mesh composed of a hexahedral macro-element and a sub-mesh composed of tetrahedra. The SEm is applied in the macro-element paved with structured hexahedrons and the coupling is ensured by the DGm numerical fluxes applied on the internal faces of the macro-element common with the tetrahedral mesh. The stability of the coupled method is demonstrated when time integration is performed with a Leap-Frog scheme. The performance of the coupled method is studied numerically and it is shown that the coupling reduces numerical costs while keeping a high level of accuracy. It is also shown that the coupled formulation can stabilize the DGm applied in areas that include Perfectly Matched Layers
Awada, Hussein. "Elaboration des matériaux hybrides, organiques/ oxydes métalliques pour le photovoltaique organique." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3016/document.
Full textLes performances et la durée de vie des cellules solaires organiques sont fortement dépendantes de la qualité des matériaux de la couche active et des interfaces dans le dispositif. Dans ce manuscrit, nous avons développé des nouveaux matériaux hybrides organiques-inorganiques pour favoriser le contact entre les matériaux donneur/accepteur d’électrons et ainsi faciliter le transfert de charges à travers le dispositif. Tout d'abord, la synthèse de poly(3-hexylthiophène) P3HT fonctionnalisé par le triéthoxysilane a permis le greffage direct (« grafting-onto ») sur des oxydes métalliques. L’analyse des propriétés électro-optiques montre un transfert de charge efficace du polymère aux nanoparticules; ce qui suggère que ces matériaux sont des candidats potentiels pour l'application photovoltaïque. Dans la deuxième partie, nous avons montré pour la première fois, l’élaboration de brosses de polymères dits à faible bande interdite sur des surfaces d’oxydes métalliques par la technique « grafting-through ». Une densité de greffage élevée, un meilleur empilement des chaines de polymères et des propriétés optiques améliorées ont été obtenus grâce à la technique de greffage et aux caractéristiques du polymère greffé. Enfin, des brosses de P3HT ont été élaborées sur la surface d’oxyde d'indium et d’étain (ITO) en tant que couche de transport de trous de cellules solaires organiques. Les performances photovoltaïques ont montré que les monocouches auto-assemblées de P3HT (SAM) peuvent être une alternative au PEDOT: PSS
Imaddahen, Amine. "Étude expérimentale multi-échelle et modélisation hybride prédictive du comportement, de l'endommagement et de la durée de vie en fatigue d’un matériau composite polypropylène / fibres de verre." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAE063.
Full textThe main objective of this work, is to provide a numerical tool, capable of predicting the damage and fatigue life of thermoplastic matrix composites materials and structures. To do this, a multi-scale experimental study of the PPGF40 material (polypropylene loaded with 40% by mass of glass fiber) is carried out. A qualitative, but also a quantitative analysis of the various damage mechanisms occurring during mechanical loading was carried out through in-situ three-points SEM bending tests, interrupted fatigue tests and observations of fracture faces in monotonic and cyclic loading. In the light of these tests, we concluded that the decohesion of the fiber-matrix interface, and the propagation of cracks through the interfaces, appears to be, the predominant damage phenomenon leading to the fracture of the material and that, regardless of the orientation of the fibers and the loading mode. The proposed hybrid approach is based on a micromechanical / phenomenological model taking into account the damage at the fiber / matrix interface and the plasticity of the matrix. To do this, a local statistical criterion of damage at the fiber-matrix interface is introduced into a Mori and Tanaka model, and the linearization of the plastic behavior of the matrix is done step by step, using the mean field approach with a secant formulation. The micromechanical model used then, makes it possible to predict the behavior of the material under monotonic loading, and in particular the first stiffness loss during the fatigue. Analysis of the experimental results shows that the latter is directly related to the fatigue life of the material. Thus, a predictive methodology of the fatigue life is proposed and validated for various microstructural configurations. A fatigue failure criterion is proposed according to the number of cycles
Desbans, Coraline. "Analyse physico-chimique de mélange complexe d’oligosaccharides d’héparine, par couplage chromatographie liquide haute performance d’appariement d’ions en phase inverse et spectrométrie de masse de type hybride Q-TOF et FT-ICR : Compréhension des mécanismes d’interactions des oligosaccharides polysulfatés avec des dérivés ammonium." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066710.
Full textCunha, Guilherme. "Optimisation d'une méthodologie de simulation numérique pour l'aéroacoustique basée sur un couplage faible des méthodes d'aérodynamique instationnaire et de propagation acoustique." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ESAE0028/document.
Full textThe present work consisted in improving, assessing and validating further the CFD/CAA surface weak coupling methodology, with respect to its application to realistic problems of aircraft noise. In particular, it was here shown how far such hybrid methodology could (i) cope with all stringent constraints that are dictated by real-life applications, (ii) without being jeopardized by some of the unavoidable side-effects (such as the signal degradation to which CFD data are subjected, when processed or being then acoustically exploited)
Dwadnia, Nejib. "Ligands ferrocéniqes hybrides (P, N) : synthèse, coordination aux métaux et applications en catalyse de couplage d'arylation." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK050/document.
Full textThe research theme developed during this thesis concerns the development of new hybrid ferrocene hybrid (P, N) ligands with controlled conformation, robust and stable to air. These hybrid tetradent ligands comprise two types of coordinating functions with distinct steric and electronic properties. Their coordination chemistry with metals such as gold or palladium has been studied and some isolated Au (I) complexes have been used in the arylation coupling catalysis of aryl iodides
Urbina, Iglesias Laura Sofia. "Guidance and robust control methods for the approach phase between two orbital vehicles with coupling between translational and rotational motions." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30086/document.
Full textThe techniques related to formation flying and proximity operations of autonomous satellites belong to the most significant and challenging operational space technologies of the last years. In particular, they require full mastery of the close-range rendezvous and observation phases by an active satellite with a passive satellite, station or debris. The development of efficient and safe associated GNC systems relies on the knowledge of a dynamic model that achieves a good trade-off between low complexity and sufficient inclusion of the main dynamic and kinematic characteristics of this type of systems.The first part of this thesis is devoted to the development of a unified modeling of the relative coupled dynamics between a cooperative chaser satellite and a non-cooperative target satellite. Indeed, when two satellites are close to each other, they can no longer be treated as point masses because their shape and size affect the relative motion between the decentralized points, leading to a translational-attitude motions coupling. This development is addressed in a progressive way: the relative nonlinear translational motion is described under Keplerian assumptions in the target's orbital reference frame, as well as the associated linearized model. Then, the nonlinear relative attitude model is presented by means of the Euler-Rodrigues parameters. Finally, the dual quaternion formalism is used to obtain the relative translational and attitude coupled model. The modeling phase concerning the linear relative translational motion has allowed us to highlight certain coordinates transformations leading to an interesting characterization of the chaser's periodic trajectories and thus, to propose a first type of control law for the close-phase rendezvous and observation phases.All along this work, we consider a chaser satellite equipped with chemical thrusters under the classical hypothesis of impulsive thrusts. This type of dynamic systems gathering continuous dynamics and impulsive control naturally belongs to a particular class of dynamical hybrid systems. Several hybrid control laws are then proposed in order to stabilize the chaser on a periodic reference trajectory close to the target. The stability and convergence properties of these different laws are analysed and several numerical simulations show the strengths and weaknesses of each controller in terms of performance indices such as convergence time, consumption and safety constraints. In a second step, additional operational constraints (line-of-sight constraints for example) are taken into account by imposing a rectilinear (glideslope) direction to the chaser. This trajectory requires the chaser satellite to follow a straight line in any direction of the local reference frame and connecting the current location of the chaser to its final destination. Under the impulsive propulsion assumptions, the results in the literature for this type of approach have been generalized to elliptic orbits by identifying a new formulation of the problem including useful degrees of freedom, which allow minimizing the fuel consumption while controlling the humps of the trajectory outside the glideslope line by enclosing it in a user-defined approach corridor. Guidance laws are therefore synthetized via the solution of an SDP optimisation problem in the general case and via a linear programming when considering standard cases like the V-bar or R-bar approaches