Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Couplage croisse'
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Tang, Renhe. "New Catalytic Process for C-Heteroatom Bond Formation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10275.
Full textThe main goal of this thesis is to design new catalytic methods for the synthesis of C-heteroatom bonds. The work is divided into three chapters, each focusing on a different catalytic system and reaction.The first chapter explores the use of nickel in combination with xantphos as a catalyst for the arylation of nucleophilic SeCF3 using aryl triflates as the coupling partner. This catalytic system demonstrates broad applicability for a variety of aryl triflate derivatives. Through a combination of stoichiometric experiments and density functional theory (DFT) studies, the mechanism of forming trifluoromethylselenated compounds was elucidated. This investigation provided insight into the key parameters that influence the reactivity of the catalytic system. The second chapter focuses on the development of a carboxylative C-N coupling reaction. We reported an efficient visible-light Phosphinoacridine/Pd-catalyzed system for synthesizing aryl carbamates from aryl halides, amines, and atmospheric CO2. The pivotal step involves controlling the oxidation state of the palladium catalyst through metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) to promote the reductive elimination step, thereby facilitating the formation of the desired aryl carbamates. The third chapter focuses on the development of an efficient visible-light acridine/Ni-catalyzed system for synthesizing aromatic amines through C-N coupling reactions. This system facilitates the coupling of primary and secondary amines, as well as sulfonamides, via C-N bond formation. The catalytic system consistently produces the desired aniline derivatives in high yields, showcasing its potential as a versatile and robust method for the synthesis of aromatic amines
Cheval, Nicolas. "Des couplages croisés à l'électronique moléculaire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAF051.
Full textHigh-technology devices (computers, TV, mobile phones, …) are manufactured from simple components (transistors, LED, …) which use silicium as semiconductor. In organic electronics, π- conjugated organic compounds with low HOMO-LUMO gap can show this property. This work is dealing with the synthesis of new organic semiconductors via alkyne metathesis polymerization.Dialkynyl compounds were synthetized. Their polymerization studies as well as electronic characterization were conducted by collaborating groups in an ANR project (CADISCOM). In an independent second part, palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling are of great importance in actual organic synthesis. Many studies have been focused on the organometallic partner of the reaction,but the electrophilic partner have received much less attention. In this work, we developed a new leaving group from cheap precursors that we applied in the four most well-known couplings (Suzuki, Stille, Sonogashira, Heck)
Zarcone, César. "Étude du couplage visqueux en milieu poreux : mesure des perméabilités relatives croisées." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT128H.
Full textRouchet, Jean-Baptiste. "Etude de couplages croisés directs catalytiques décarboxylants d'acides picoliniques et cinnamiques." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAM0019/document.
Full textThe functionalization of heterocycles arouse an interest both in supramolecular chemistry and in pharmaceuticals. Based on the so-called concept better with less, the development of direct functionalization methodologies of heterocycles involving C–H and C–CO₂H bonds has emerged as an efficient, modern alternative and complementary process to traditional cross coupling methods, avoiding thus the use of stoichiometric organometallic reagents that are often air and moisture sensitive. In this context, the aim of this PhD work was to develop new decarboxylative cross couplings, CO₂H / C-X and CO₂H / C−H, using substituted 2-carboxyazine N-oxides and α-methoxyacrylic acids as new coupling partners.The first part of this work has been focused on the development of the versatile Pd-catalyzed and Ag-assisted decarboxylative coupling of quinaldic and picolonic acids N-oxides as well as 3-carboxyisoquinoline acids with (hetero)aryl halides. Although copper (I) appeared to be more efficient by DFT calculations to perform ipsodecarboxylation-metallation step, only silver catalysis revealed to be much more adequate to achieve the conventional decarboxylative coupling and this was then pointed out with the high regioselectivity observed at the carboxy function site. This reaction showed a large reactivity spectrum and tolerated for the first time substituents on azinic core. It is also a synthetic alternative to the direct C−H arylation on azine N-oxides for the regioselective synthesis of 2-arylated substituted pyridines and 3-arylated isoquinolines. As application, a modular and flexible approach has been developed for the synthesis of the highly functionalized 1,3-substitute disoquinoline 5, shown as an antitumor agent.In the second part, the first Pd-catalyzed and Cu-assisted decarboxylative / C-H alkenylation of heterocycleswith various α−methoxyacrylic acids was reported offering general stereocontrolled access to heteroarylated enol ethers in geminal position. The direct introduction of vinyl ether allows to expand the panel of C-H bond functionalizations methodologies of heterocycles. The high potential for subsequent post-functional adjustment of the vinyl ether moiety enable thus the synthesis of heteroarylated α,β-enolizable ketones and polysusbituted alkenes
Yalcouye, Boubacar. "Synthèse atropo-sélective de la partie biarylique de la (-)-stéganacine via le couplage croisé de Suzuki-Miyaura et le couplage ARYNE." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF059.
Full textThe interesting biological properties of axially chiral biaryls and the challenge of Csp2-Csp2 bond formation ofthe biaryl motif have aroused keen interest among synthetic organic chemists. The axially chiral biaryls areprivileged structures in medicinal chemistry and in asymmetric catalysis. The goal of our research is based onthe control of the axial chirality of (-)-steganacin using two differents atropo-selective approaches: Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling (in presence of transition metals), and ARYNE coupling (without any transitionmetals). The atropo-diastereoselective Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling was carried out using enantiopure β-hydroxysulfoxydes as chiral auxiliary. The resulting diastereopure biaryl was converted into an intermediatereported in the literature without any epimerization of axial chirality. The second approach was the atropodiastereoselectiveARYNE coupling which was tested for the first time with the enantiopure p-tolylsulfoxyde.However, we encountered a problem due to lack of reactivity of lithiated arylsulfoxide. Finally, the axialchirality of (-)-steganacin was controlled using oxazolines as chiral auxiliary
Rérat, Alice. "Couplages croisés catalysés au cobalt entre des arylzinciques et divers substrats électrophiles." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX066/document.
Full textThis thesis presents new cobaltcatalyzed cross-coupling reactions between arylzinc derivatives and various electrophilic reagents. After a general introduction on cobalt-catalysis and arylzinc compounds, the first chapter is dealing with the formation of diaryl ketones. Reaction between arylzinc bromides and ethyl chloroformate in presence of cobalt bromide and bipyridine ligand leads to the formation of symmetrical diaryl ketones with very good yields under simple conditions. It has been shown that ethyl chloroformate decomposes into carbon monoxide during the reaction. First attempts to extend this method to the synthesis of unsymetrical diaryl ketones are also described from arylzinc bromides and various carbonyl containing substrates. As for the second chapter, it is focused on the Negishi coupling between arylzinc bromides and an aryl bromide or an heteroaryl chloride. The advantage of this method is that the cobalt used to form the arylzinc bromide also serves to form the biaryl, hence there is no addition of another catalyst in the second step of the reaction. Results about the formation of biaryls are promising, but this reaction needs to be thorough. A similar methodology was used for the synthesis of new delayed fluorescence molecules to obtain highly efficient organic light emitting diodes. The third chapter describes the cobalt-catalyzed reaction between an arylzinc bromide and an electrophilic source of sulfur, a Bunte salt. However, these aryl sulfides can be easily oxidized in the reaction mixture and give sulfoxides and sulfones, which limit the use of this method. Finally, the last chapter is about preliminary works on the trifluoromethylation of arylzinc bromides from electrophilic or nucleophilic trifluoromethyl sources
Gervais, Bruno. "Synthèse de caerulomycines par réactions de métallation et de couplage croisé en série pyridinique." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUES009.
Full textGilles, Pierre. "Couplage croisé induit par SmI2 de nitrones avec des acrylates silylés : synthèse de Pyrrolizidines polyhydroxylées." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647130.
Full textRousseau, Lidie. "Catalyse au fer des réactions de couplage croisé : mécanismes, identification et spéciation des intermédiaires réactionnels." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASF020.
Full textFor a few years iron catalysis has been considered as a cheap and environmentally benign alternative for traditional noble metal catalysts. Still, because of its hardly controlled access to a large scope of oxidation and spin states, iron’s reactivity as a catalyst has not been fully understood yet. This work first investigates the question of iron’s catalytically active oxidation states in cross-coupling reactions, through an experimental and computational study. The second part of the manuscript deals with the comprehension of some Fe-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The detrimental homocoupling pathway of an aryl-aryl Kumada reaction is elucidated, and the mechanism of the reaction between organomanganese nucleophiles and alkenyl electrophiles is investigated. Finally, the modification of the metal’s coordination sphere thanks to the addition of σ-donating ligands helps to understand the matter of the transmetallation degree control during the cross-coupling process. This work uses classic inorganic chemistry techniques, along with several spectroscopies (NMR, EPR, Mössbauer) and theoretical DFT calculations
Virolleaud, Marie-Alice. "Processus domino de métathèse cyclisante et couplage croisé : application à la synthèse de produits naturels." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10174.
Full textBarde, Etienne. "Catalyse au cobalt : applications en couplages croisés et en activation/fonctionnalisation de liaison C-H." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLET019.
Full textOrganic synthesis has been making outstanding recent progress because of the use of transition-metal catalysis into laboratory routine. Among different metals involved in catalysis, cobalt is interesting because of its low cost and toxicity but also because of its unique reactivity.During this thesis, cross-coupling and C—H bond activation reactions using cobalt complexes as catalysts were investigated.A simple catalytic system composed of diphosphine ligand and a cost-effective cobalt salt allowed us to functionnalize α-haloamides using Grignard reagents. A large variety of amides and Grignard reagents (aryl-, vinyl-, alkynyl-) were successfully tested, generating an interesting library of α-functionnalized amides.Moreover, simple cobalt salts were engaged in the activation of the C—H bond of benzamides for the aminoarylation of alkylidene cyclopropanes. Under mild conditions, original and polycyclic molecules were obtained in a single step.These results obtained in two different domains treated in this thesis demonstrate the high potential of simple cobalt salt in catalysis
Corpet, Martin. "Réactions des arylzinciques avec les dérivés d'alcynes catalysées par le cobalt." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00961703.
Full textAmans, Dominique. "Obtention d'unités polyéniques : application à la synthèse de composés biologiquement actifs." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066277.
Full textThomas, dit Dumont Laurence. "Contribution à la synthèse de la Streptonigrine. Synthèse de 4-phénylpyridines polyfonctionnelles par métallation et couplage croisé." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES045.
Full textVilliers, Pierre. "Synthèse d'un nouveau réactif d'hexavinylogation. Réactions de couplage croisé pallado-catalysées sur le 1,6-dibromohexa-1,3,5-triène." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES051.
Full textDecottignies, Audrey. "Catalyse dans l'eau en présence de cyclodextrine native ou modifiée : Application au couplage croisé de type Suzuki." Thesis, Compiègne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013COMP2072/document.
Full textFor a few years, the priority task for actors of the chemical field has been the design of greener products and greener chemical processes to meet the environmental concerns. Thus, the twelve principles of the green chemistry were set. One of them is to substitute toxic organic solvents for more eco-compatible solvents, such as water, during chemical synthesis. More generally speaking, catalysis plays a significant role in this green chemistry policy as it enables to enhance energy saving, to reduce the quantity of the used compounds and to reduce as well the separation processes by increasing the selectivity. However, the low solubility of organic substrates in water prevents from having profitable yields. To tackle the issue, the catalysis by inverse phase transfer can be used. Therefore, the synthesis of new water soluble organometallic catalysts was considered. These catalysts will be derivates of cyclodextrin and will allow carrying the substrate in aqueous phase by supramolecular recognition
Lefèvre, Guillaume. "Etude mécanistique de réactions de couplage catalysées par des complexes du cuivre et du fer." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833319.
Full textZhou, Edouard. "Nouveaux systèmes catalytiques appliqués aux formations de liaisons C—C par couplage croisé catalysé par des sels de fer : applications, mécanismes." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEC008.
Full textDemange, Matthieu. "Réactivité de complexes de métaux riches : activation de petites molécules, synthèse de nanoparticules et catalyse de couplage croisé." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00720846.
Full textBerghian-, Groşan Ana Camelia. "Synthèse et stéréochimie de systèmes 3. 7-dioxa-1-azabicyclo[3. 3. 0]octaniques fonctionnalisés : Etude la métallation de bis-diazines et de diazines substituées par des groupements chélatants." Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUES040.
Full textThis work deals with the synthesis, the stereochemical analysis and functionalisation of compounds bearing the 3. 7-dioxa-r-1-azabicyclo[3. 3. 0]-oct-c-5-ylmethoxy heterocyclic system such as substituent at the α position of a π-deficient system such as (benzo)diazines or s-triazines. The first chapter deals with the bibliography and interest of DOABO heterocycles and diazines. The second chapter presents the synthesis and stereochemistry of a new class of compounds such as α-(3. 7-dioxa-r-1-azabicyclo[3. 3. 0]-oct-c-5-ylmethoxy)-di(s-tri)azines. The stereochemistry of this new series is discussed in terms of conformational chirality of the DOABO system, found different in solution (1H RMND)against solid state (X Ray Diffractometry), meso vs. Chiral forms respectively. The third chapter presents the functionalisation of α-(3. 7-dioxa-r-1-azabicyclo[3. 3. 0]-oct-c-5-ylmethoxy)-(beno)diazines via regioselective Directed ortho-metallation (DoM) reaction using lithiated bases. The fourth chapter describes the synthesis of π-deficient biarylic compounds of type bis(α-methoxy)diazines and 2-pyridyldiazines. They are available by directed ortho-(trans)metallation followed by Negishi or Stille cross-coupling. The functionalisation via metallation of 2-pyridyldiazines occurs on the diazine site, at the ortho-position with respect to Ar-Ar bond
De, Carné-Carnavalet Benoît. "Synthèse de cyclopropanes substitués par des couplages catalysés au palladium." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00828335.
Full textCornec, Anne-Sophie. "Synthèse et relation structure-propriétés photophysiques de nouveaux fluorophores diaziniques obtenus par réactions de couplage croisé et "Click Chemistry"." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUES002.
Full textBentoumi, Wissam. "Synthèse de nouveaux systèmes hexatriéniques di- et tri-halogénés : application à la synthèse d’un composé naturel." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES030.
Full textIn a first part, we accomplished synthesis and purification of a new intermediaire the 1-bromo-6chlorohexa1,3,5-triène. This last was used during the synthesis of natural product from “falcaire commune”. Two ways of synthesis were performed by using chimioselectives cross coupling reactions. In the second part, we developped a synthesis of bromo fluoro trienes, using modified Wittig reactions. This products were obtained in mixture of isomers. A formal synthesis of fluorine analogues of natural product, which has been discribed in the first part, was established
Delaunay, Thierry. "Synthèses concises de pyrazoles et pyridones diversement fonctionnalisées dans le but d'effectuer des réactions de couplages croisés sélectifs." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00878928.
Full textAndersen, Claire. "Catalyse au cobalt et au cuivre : Couplages croisés entre des (pseudo)halogénures d'alkyle et des réactifs de Grignard." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLET048.
Full textMost of the marketed drugs contain one or more aromatic rings in their structure. Even though, those moieties are often essential for a molecule to interact with its target, a too high number of aromatic rings can have a negative impact on the physico-chemical properties and on the toxicity of a drug candidate. It is therefore of high interest to replace a phenyl ring by bioisosteres, such as strained cycles (cyclopropane, cyclobutane, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane). During the course of this thesis, two methods have been developed for the cross-coupling of alkyl (pseudo)-halides with several Grignard reagents containing strained cycles. The first method relies on a cobalt catalytic system and allow the cross coupling of the cyclopropylmagnesium bromide as well as the cyclobutylmagnesium bromide with alkyl iodides. The cross-coupling has also been extended to the use of alkenyl Grignard reagents. The second method uses a copper salt to achieve the cross-coupling of alkyl (pseudo)-halides with bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane Grignard reagents. Both cross-coupling are robust, easy-to-handle and simple and cheap catalysts are used. As these cross-couplings are chemoselective they are promissing powerful synthetic tools for medicinal chemists
Delaunay, Thierry. "Synthèses concises de pyrazoles et pyridones diversement fonctionnalisées dans le but d’effectuer des réactions de couplages croisés sélectifs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10274/document.
Full textThis thesis is subdivided into two principal parts. The first part is focussed on the synthesis of pyrazole derivatives of agrochemical relevance. Indeed, the pyrazole nucleus is found in numerous compounds possessing interesting biological properties, and notably antifungal activities. Various convergent approaches to diversely substituted pyrazoles have therefore been developed by means of site-selective palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions conducted sequentially on pyrazole scaffolds. In the second part, we have been involved in the synthesis of furopyridones as simplified analogues of natural compounds possessing antifungal activities such as Cladobotryal. Toward this end, various alkynylpyridones have been synthesizes and involved in diverse cyclization processes to access a series of furo[3,2-c]pyridin-4-ones, furo[3,2-c]pyridin-6-ones, and furo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-ones
Lakmini, Hakim. "Etudes mécanistiques de réactions catalysées par des complexes de palladium mettant en jeu des réactifs organoborés : homocouplage et couplage croisé." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066498.
Full textSt-Pierre, Gabriel. "Synthèse et étude des ligands hémicages et de leurs complexes progrès vers la synthèse de bis(hémicages) portant une architecture cyclophane." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4924.
Full textBuron, Frédéric. "Etude de complexes « ates » en série diazinique : Synthèse de molécules biologiquement actives à cœur pyrazinique." Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUES020.
Full textIn a first part, we developed a new methodology of synthesis in the diazine series by carrying out the Metal Halogene Exchange by the use of n-Butyl Lithium Magnesate. In the second part, we proposed to synthesize Barrenazines by pyrazinic ring formation from the (L)-aspartic acid and we could synthesize a precursor of Barrenazine A. We synthesized natural products extracted from ascidies : Botryllazines A and B which present cytotoxic properties. Our synthetic strategy is based on the pyrazinic ring fonctionnalisation by using metalation and cross coupling reactions. We have synthesized Botryllazine A and B as well as an isomer of Botryllazine A
Coelho, Cristina. "Matériaux silicophosphate et RMN en phase solide : apport des expériences dipolaires (D) et scalaires (J)." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066129.
Full textLomakine, Cédric. "Contribution des bassins versants aux pollutions des écosystèmes conchylicoles du Croisic et de Pen-Bé : approche par couplage d'un sig avec un modèle agro-hydrologique." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3006.
Full textThe aim of the study is to evaluate the origin of various anthropic continental uses in shellfish aquaculture areas of The presqu'île Guérandaise (Loire Atlantique, France). To carry out this research, two approachs are tested. The first consists in the assessment of pollution risks in watersheds by using index created with the GIS. The second method deals with modelling with AVSWAT model the pollutant flows from littoral watersheds slightly instrumented and characterized by a strong variability of agricultural and urban uses. The GIS and modelling results underline the spatial variability of pollution risks due to agricultural and urban uses according to the watersheds. These both methods highlight that in majority the tidal marshes of Traicts du Croisic receive urban contribution and the tidal marshes of Traicts de Pen-Bé collect pollution coming from agricultural practices
Moncomble, Aurélien, and Corinne Gosmini. "Étude théorique et expérimentale de la formation de quelques liaisons carbone-carbone par catalyse au cobalt à partir d'halogénures aromatiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00569164.
Full textRocca, Patrick. "Nouvelle synthèse d'aza-carbazoles par association des réactions de métallation et de couplage croisé hétéro-aromatique. Préparation d'alcaloïdes de la famille des béta-carbolines." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES037.
Full textBegouin, Jeanne-Marie. "Activation de composés aromatiques et hétéroaromatiques pour la formation de liaisons C-C et C-N par catalyse au cobalt." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST0033.
Full textTransition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions allowing the formation of C-C or C-Heteroatom bonds underlie the synthesis of key intermediates for pharmaceutical, supramolecular chemistry and material sciences. Thereby, the development of these methodologies is prominent and an increasing number of studies are devoted to these processes. However, some metallic catalysts are known to be rather expensive or toxic. Consequently, the development of alternative sustainable catalysts such as cobalt or ironbased catalysts has been studied over the past few years. Cobalt-catalysts have been little-used although they have shown to be effective for various C-C bond forming reactions. Functionalized arylzinc reagents can be readily obtained from the corresponding arylhalides using a CoBr2-catalyzed reaction. First we envisioned using these arylzinc reagents in CoBr2-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with chlorodiazines and chlorotriazines leading to aryldiazines and aryltriazines. Benzylzinc reagents had also been used in these reactions and we synthesized various benzyltriazines in this manner. We also studied whether we can use other kind of substrates in these reactions. Thus, we performed CoBr2-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between arylzinc reagents and methylthiopyrimidines or methylthiobenzo[b]thiazole derivatives leading to 2,4-diarylpyrimidines and 2- arylbenzo[b]thiazole. Then, we studied the reactivity of benzonitrile derivatives in direct cross-coupling reactions with arylhalide based on C-CN bond activation using CoBr2 as catalyst. Finally, we also carried out the study of CoBr2-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reactions for the synthesis of diarylamines
Mongin, Florence. "Régiosélectivité des réactions de bromation, d'échange halogène-métal et de couplage croisé sur des dérivés de la 8-hydroxyquinoléine. Application à la synthèse de pyridocarbazoles." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES063.
Full textHebbar, Nordine. "Synthèse de chromophores ONL à base de pyrazine et de systèmes hexatriéniques : applications potentielles en optique non linéraire (ONL)." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES060.
Full textThis thesis work describes the synthesis of new linear chromophores with potential applications in non linear optic. Various original synthetic ways using metalation and cross-coupling reactions allowed to access to numerous compounds with a π-deficient ring (chloropyrazine) substituted with one or two conjugated polyenic chains bearing donor- or withdrawing electron groups. These linear compounds with a push-pull character have a conjugated backbone allowing an important internal electronic charge transfer between the π-deficient pyrazine ring and the electron-donors groups through the hexatrienic chains. The influence of the nature of the multiple bond on the conjugation has been studied by replacement of a double bond by an alkyne linkage. New compounds with a 2,2¢-bipyrazine core, able to induce metal coordination, have been also synthesized. Symmetrical or dissymmetrical structures have been obtained by substitution of the 5 and 5¢ positions by identical or different conjugated polyenic chains
Vabre, Roxane. "Fonctionnalisation directe de liaisons C-H et couplages croisés pour la formation de liaisons C-C et C-N : synthèse de purines 6,8,9-trisubstituées." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923198.
Full textDupré, Jean-Christophe. "Traitement et analyse d'images pour la mesure de grandeurs cinématiques, déplacements et déformations à partir de la granularité laser et de réseaux croises, et pour l'étude de couplages thermomécaniques." Poitiers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992POIT2262.
Full textCarella, Alexandre. "Conception et synthèse de la partie active d'un moteur moléculaire rotatif." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30123.
Full textIn the field of nanosciences, the conception and the construction of a molecular motor at the nanometric scale is a conceptual and synthetic challenge. A molecular motor is a molecule which can transform energy into an unidirectional movement. We decided to synthesized a molecular motor electrically addressed, designed to be studied as a single molecules between the electrodes of a nanojunction by near field microscopy. It will be a ruthenium organometallic complex bearing two different ligands which would act as a rotor and a stator. The stator is an hydrotrisindazolylborate ligand with a tripodal shape which have been functionalized to interact strongly with oxide surface currently used in AFM experiments. The rotor is a cyclopentadienyl ligand connected to five electroactive group by linear and rigid arms. Electroactive group will transfer electrons from the cathode to the anode and convert the electrical energy into an rotational motion of the rotor
Oertel, Anna Magdalena. "Synthèse et réactivité de complexes du nickel(II) comportant des ligands carbène N-hétérocyclique : des réactions de couplage C-C croisé à l'activation de liaisons C-H." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/OERTEL_Anna_Magdalena_2010.pdf.
Full textThe research in this thesis targets some aspects of the chemistry of nickel-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. A series of half-sandwich nickel(II) complexes, [Ni(R-NHC-n-Bu]XCp†] (Cp† = Cp, Cp*, X = Cl, I), bearing a N-bound n-butyl sidearm NHC ligands has been synthesized from the appropriate imidazolium halides and nickelocene or [Ni(acac)Cp*] as models for heterogenized versions of these complexes. All these complexes were fully characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques [1H and 13C{1H}NMR spectroscopy, 2D spectroscopy when appropriate, MS, and elemental analyses]. Furthermore, many representative complexes were the subject of single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. All these complexes feature a two-legged piano stool geometry common for 18-electron MCp†L2 compounds with a trigonal planar geometry around the central nickel atom. The [Ni(Ar-NHC-n-Bu)ICp] compounds are highly active catalysts for the Suzuki cross-coupling of aryl bromides or chlorides with phenylboronic acid in the absence of any reductant or co-catalyst and show higher turnover frequencies (TOF) than seen in their closely related symmetric [Ni(Ar2-NHC)LCp†] counterparts. The origin of the improved stability of the in situ generated active species is discussed. A heterogenized version of these complexes onto alumina has been prepared by employing 3-(trialkoxysilylpropyl)imidazolium halides and tested in Suzuki cross-coupling. In the prospect of enhancing the longevity of the active species, unprecedented half-sandwich Ni(II) complexes bearing two different NHC ligands were prepared by displacement of the labile acetonitrile ligand from [Ni(Ar2-NHC)(CH3CN)Cp]+X- with a “free” NHC. The resulting cationic bis-(NHC)-nickel complexes [Ni(NHC)(NHC’)Cp]+X- show remarkable stability, and thus low acitivity in Suzuki couplings. The Ni– NHC bonds are particularly robust as can be demonstrated by the displacement of the Cp, and not of a NHC ligand, when these bis-NHC Cp complexes are protonated. The final chapter presents a novel reaction in which the base-promoted activation of sp3-hybridized C– H bonds a- to functional organic groups at Cp†Ni-NHC centres was achieved. The scope and breadth of this activation is demonstrated by the activation of acetonitrile, acetone and other ketones under relatively mild conditions to give a range of new nickel alkyls. A remarkable double activation of acetone was notably demonstrated. The activation of C–H bonds a-to nitriles in NHC-attached sidearms to give a series of new half-sandwich nickelacycles was also achieved. Possible mechanistic pathways for these reactions have been the subject of theoretical DFT analyses. Similarly to the bis-NHC species, the nickelacycles show great robustness of the NHC– and alkyl–Ni bonds
Célanire, Sylvain. "Synthèse de cyclohexa[a]quinolizidines et de cyclohexa[a]indolizidines, analogues tricycliques de 8-azasteroïdes. Nouvelle synthèse d'une cyclopenta[b]pyridinone par des réactions de couplage croisé." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES062.
Full textGodebout, Virginie. "Les Ethers d'énols β-bromés chiraux : synthèse et propriétés." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES035.
Full textGonnard, Laurine. "Réactions métallo-catalysées : synthèse d'hétérocycles azotés saturés fonctionnalisés." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066438/document.
Full textIn order to facilitate the total synthesis of active molecules used in pharmaceutical or agrochemical industries, chemists try constantly to develop new, general, practical and sustainable methods. In 2014, a study revealed that piperidine was the most frequently present aza-heterocycle in medicines approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In this context, three different methods were developed during this Ph.D in order to synthesize functionalized piperidines. A wide variety of substituted piperidines was first efficiently obtained by a cobalt catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between 4- and 3-halogenopiperidines and Grignard reagents. Cobalt has appeared as a good alternative to the expensive palladium salts or the toxic nickel salts. Moreover, it can prevent side reactions such as dehydrohalogenation or β-H elimination. Next, 2-dienylpiperidines, present in a myriad of alkaloids, were prepared by iron catalyzed cyclization from diallylic amino-alcools. Finally, new conditions for the ruthenium catalyzed C(sp3)‒H monoarylation of piperidines were developed. The influence of the electronic and steric properties of the directing group attached to the nitrogen of the piperidine was fully studied. These methods were then applied to the synthesis of other azacycles
Salanouve, Elise. "Complexes de métaux non-nobles de fer et de nickel portant des ligands redox non-innocents et leurs applications en catalyse : de l'activation C-H aux réactions de couplages croisés." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066620/document.
Full textThis PhD work has focused on the development of complexes of non-noble metals bearing non-innocent ligands and their catalytic applications as efficient alternatives to noble metal complexes, in the light of increasing concerns regarding cost and sustainability-related issues of noble metals. Towards this goal, we have developed and characterized complexes of non-noble metals (Fe, Ni) with non-innocent ligands using multiple spectroscopic techniques. This work was aimed at broadening the field of useful catalytic applications of these particular complexes. For our dedicated program in iron catalysis, a new method for tandem C–H activation/arylation of unactivated arenes catalyzed by iron complexes bearing redox-active bis(imino)pyridine ligands was developed. Preliminary mechanistic insights were gained based on combined spectroscopic data (NMR, in situ IR, EPR), reactivity studies as well as DFT calculations. The results obtained are clearly in favor of a mechanism distinct to that previously reported for iron-based catalytic systems and are not compatible with homolytic aromatic substitution (HAS). We have also focused on another challenging field in catalysis: cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by nickel as base metal, bearing redox non-innocent ligands. Several challenges in cross-coupling reactions remain among which coupling of non-activated alkyl halides. Mechanisms involving nickel catalysts often differ from those involved in palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The behavior of nickel complexes bearing redox non-innocent ligands was studied in order to unveil new reactivites and gain a better understanding of the catalytic cycles at stake
Bourne, branchu Yann. "Complexes de cobalt à ligand N-hétérocyclique pour la catalyse." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX075/document.
Full textThis thesis is divided in two distinct part: on one side, the works concerning the cobalt insertion into the C(O)–N bond of non-planar amides, and the resulting reactions, and on the other side, the development of a new family of cobalt complexes, based on the 5-(4-pyridyl)dipyrromethene ligand and its derivatives.In the first part, concerning cobalt catalysis with amide derivatives, the reactivity of different cobalt precursors and complexes toward non-planar amides has been studied. The insertion of the cobalt can be realized in presence of bipyridine as ligand, en DMF, with manganese powder as reductant system. The otpimization of the amide-to-ester conversion and the reductive cross-coupling between amides and iodo-aryl is then described.In the second part, concerning the coordination chemistry of cobalt, the development of cobalt-dipyrromethene complexes is presented. Firstly, the optimization of the 5-(4-pyridyl)dipyrromethene synthesis is described,followed by complexation tests with different cobalt precursors. With two coordination sites on the ligand, the selective coordination of a transition metal on one of the sites depends mainly on the dipyrrin hindrance. If this part is hindered enough, cobalt chelate preferentially on the pyridyl part. To force the cobalt coordination on the dipyrrin part, it is necessary to occupied the pyridyl part. By coordinating a photoensitive ruthenium precursor on the pyridine, it is possible to obtain un bimetallic cobalt-ruthenium complex, allowing the cobalt photoreduction, and potentially the development of a cobalt catalysis without metallic reductant
Chen, Donghuang. "Well-defined iron(II) catalysts for alkyl-aryl and alkyl-alkyl Suzuki-Miyaura and Kumada cross-couplings." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASF081.
Full textThis PhD research aims to achieve challenging C(sp³)-C(sp²) and C(sp³)-C(sp³) bond formations through Suzuki-Miyaura and Kumada cross-couplings using newly-designed iron-based catalysts, with an emphasis on their potential for synthetic applications. This work also focuses on achieving efficient and selective 1,2-dicarbofunctionalization of unactivated alkenes promoted by these catalysts. Chapter 1 primarily introduces the early discoveries of iron-mediated cross-couplings and the development of iron-based catalysts in Suzuki-Miyaura and Kumada cross-couplings, covering C(sp²)-C(sp²), C(sp²)-C(sp³), and C(sp³)-C(sp³) bond formations. The design of bespoke ligand and mechanistic investigations have played a crucial role in the development of this field. The following section introduces the state-of-the-art in earth-abundant metal-catalyzed 1,2-dicarbofunctionalization of olefins, highlighting strategies developed to overcome undesired side reactions. Chapter 2 covers the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, which has gained widespread use due to its broad applicability, along with the stability, availability, and low toxicity of organoboron reagents. Most Suzuki-Miyaura couplings (SMC), both in academia and industry, are dominated by palladium and nickel catalysts. Recently, iron has garnered significant attentions due to its earth abundance and environmentally friendly nature. Despite the crucial role of iron in offering more sustainable catalysis for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, iron-catalyzed SMC involving sp³-hybridized systems remains rare and faces significant scope limitations. This chapter reports on the development of a versatile, well-defined iron(II) catalyst that successfully facilitated C(sp3)-C(sp2) and C(sp3)-C(sp3) SMC of alkyl halide electrophiles with (hetero)aryl boronic esters and alkyl borane nucleophiles, respectively. These couplings were carried out under mild reaction conditions, exhibited broad functional group compatibility - including various medicinally important N-, O-, and S-based heterocycles. Primary, secondary alkyl halides (Br, Cl, I), and tertiary alkyl chlorides, as well as electron-neutral, electron-rich, and electron-poor boronic esters, alongside 1° and 2° alkyl boranes all were tolerated with high to excellent yields. Greener solvents were used in the synthesis of key intermediates relevant to pharmaceuticals and potential drug candidates with high yields, demonstrating significant potential for large-scale industrial production. Chapter 3 introduces the application of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling in the three-component 1,2-alkylarylation of unactivated olefins, using a well-defined iron(II) catalyst. This method facilitates the formation of two carbon-carbon bonds in a single synthetic step and represents the first example of combining Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and 1,2-functionalization of unactivated alkenes, selectively yielding the desired 1,2-alkylarylation product. Although the current methodology is limited by the requirement for an excess of olefins (10 equiv.) and electron-donating boronic esters, the use of boron reagents demonstrates a potential for broader synthetic applications. Chapter 4 extends the application of the iron(II) catalyst developed in Chapters 2 and 3, demonstrating its remarkable efficacy in catalyzing the Kumada cross-coupling reaction between C(sp³)-hybridized alkyl halides and either C(sp²)- or even C(sp³)-hybridized organomagnesium reagents under mild conditions. This achievement underscores the broad versatility of this catalyst in facilitating the coupling of diverse carbon centers, including both sp² and sp³ hybridizations, without requiring harsh conditions
Bochicchio, Antonella. "Towards the atropo-stereoselective total synthesis of myricanol." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF004/document.
Full textThe myricanol, a natural [7.0]-meta-cyclophane which belongs to the family of strained and cyclic diarylheptanoids, possess an interesting structure and attractive biologically activities (anti Alzheimer and anti cancer properties). Actually only two synthesis of racemic (+/-)-myricanol have been reported in the literature. The goal of this research was to prepare this strained cyclophane in a racemic and then in an atropostereoselective route taking into account the challenging ring closure. Thus a linear diarylheptanoid was prepared using an efficient cross-metathesis reaction followed by an intramolecular Suzuki-Miyaura domino reaction giving rise to the desired cyclophane with 2.55% overall yield in 11 steps. On the other side, the biaryl core of myricanol was envisaged by an intermolecular metallo-catalysed coupling reaction between already highly functionalized fragments, followed by a ring closure metathesis. Two advanced intermediates were already attempted
Neouchy, Zeïna. "Couplage croisé d’éthers d’énol méthyliques par activation de liaisons C(sp2)-OCH3 catalysée par le nickel et Synthèse d’amines α-trifluorométhylées acycliques optiquement activespar réarrangement de β-aminoalcools α-trifluorométhylés." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLET016.
Full textIn organic chemistry, the development of robust and sustainable synthetic methods has always been a challenge. Moreover, in medicinal chemistry, the development of fluorinated building blocks synthetic methods with high value is important to access bioactive compounds. In this manuscript, we report efficient and easy to carry methods for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds catalyzed by nickel and the formation of carbon-heteroatom bonds by a rearrangement of α-trifluoromethyl-β aminoalcools.We demonstrated that it is possible to perform a cross-coupling reaction of an alkenyl methy ether with a Grignard reagent using a simple catalytic system based on Ni(OAc)2/(O)PPh3 under mild conditions (40°C) via the insertion of nickel into C-OMe bond. This method has been applied to the synthesis of an antitumoral agent, DMU-212.The synthesis of enantioenriched linear α-trifluoromethylamine derivatives is reported consisting in a rearrangement of α-trifluoromethyl-β aminoalcool based on an established strategy in our group via an aziridinium intermediate. We have shown that the synthesized compounds can be involved in post-functionalization reactions
Barré, Baptiste. "Fonctionnalisation d'hétérocycles par des réactions métallo-catalysées." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066461.
Full textCross-coupling reactions, as Prof. K. C. Nicolaou said “have changed the way we think about synthesis”. Indeed, cross-coupling reactions are powerful tools to access easily and rapidly to a library of compounds in the context of medicinal chemistry. Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling rules the field and was recognized by the Nobel Prize in 2010 but, since its discovery, others metals have appeared as good alternatives to the expensive and toxic palladium salts such as copper, nickel, cobalt and iron salts. In medicinal chemistry, heterocycles are essential moieties since they are found in a great number of drugs on the market. It is always a challenge for organic chemists to develop new methods to produce motifs with interesting pharmacological properties such as substituted azetidines, pyrrolidines and oxetanes. sp3 Halides are challenging substrates for cross-coupling because the oxidative addition of the metal in the C-X bond is difficult and because side reactions can take place like -hydride elimination or dehydrohalogenation. Nevertheless, cobalt and iron are suitable catalysts to perform cross-coupling reactions on sp3 halides. Herein, we would like to report two catalytic systems allowing the cross-coupling between heterocyclic alkyl halides and Grignard reagents using cobalt and iron salts. A mechanistic study on cobalt-catalysed cross-coupling reaction between halides and Grignard reagents will be also presented
Dikova, Anna. "Des nosylates à la synthèse totale de diènediynes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF036/document.
Full textThe total synthesis of N1999-A2 is a synthetic challenge which mobilized several renown groups specialized in this field. Our group is also interested in the construction of this complex molecule. Our strategy is based on the know-how of our laboratory. The considered synthetic approach permits the formation of the dienediyne core at the lasts steps of the synthesis. We managed to achieve the first coupling of the two key building blocks. This is a major advance in our synthetic approach. This project also allowed the development of new synthetic methodologies. In particular the palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with aryl and vinyl nosylates, novel stable and reactive electrophilic partners. This discovery will allow us to bypass the extreme instability of several key intermediates (enol triflates)