Journal articles on the topic 'Country corruption'
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Graycar, Adam, and Olivia Monaghan. "Rich Country Corruption." International Journal of Public Administration 38, no. 8 (May 5, 2015): 586–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2014.949757.
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Milova, Tatyana, Kateryna Troshkina, Yevhenii Horlov, and Jaroslaw Dobkowski. "Country’s Brand and Corruption Level: Cointegration Analysis." Marketing and Management of Innovations, no. 3 (2019): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2019.3-28.
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The paper summarized the arguments and counterarguments in the scientific debate on the impact of corruption on a country's brand. The modern approaches to the analysis of corruption’s impact on the country's macroeconomic indicators were analysed. The authors justified that increasing the corruption’s level is considered as one of the most significant deterrents to the radical political and economic changes taking place in the countries by society. The main purpose of the paper is to analyse the long-term cause-and-effect relationships between Control of Corruption and the country's brand. Four European countries (Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine) were selected as the object of the investigation, which pursued an evolutionary policy of reforming the political and economic system after the collapse of the Soviet Union, which encouraged the practice of eliminating corruption. The research period was 2000-2018. With a purpose to check the hypothesis of the investigation the 3-stage algorithm to estimate the long-term cause-and-effect relationships between Control of Corruption and the key parameters of the country brand is developed. The developed algorithm was based on the Augmented Dicker-Fuller test and granger casualty test. It is established that for Ukraine, the interconnections between Control of Corruption and International migrant stock, Control of Corruption and Exports of goods and services, Control of Corruption and Foreign direct investment had a unidirectional character of influence of the corruption’s level on the components of the country’s brand. The findings proved that 51.73%, 43.79% and 66% of the total fluctuations of International migrant stock, Exports of goods and services, Foreign direct investment depend on changes in the level of corruption in the country. The obtained results allowed concluding that for the European Union countries (Poland, Lithuania and Latvia) it was the country brand that had a positive impact on reducing the corruption’s level. It was justified that the choice of a specific model for combating the corruption’s level in the chosen countries significantly determined the course of their political transformation and influenced the change’s rate of the social and economic development. Keywords: brand, stakeholders, competitiveness, investors, corruption.
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Shlapentokh, Vladimir. "Corruption, the power of state and big business in Soviet and post-Soviet regimes." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 46, no. 1 (January 3, 2013): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.12.010.
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The growth of corruption after 1991 was probably unavoidable. The privatization of the state economy created favorable conditions for corruption, which did not exist before. The feudalization of a society, with its weakening of the state and the high autonomy of its office holders, was another major factor behind the outburst of corruption. However, while these “objective” factors account for a great part of corruption’s growth, the transformation of the leaders of the country to people who encouraged corruption for their own benefit—one of the major elements of feudalization—also played an extremely large role in spreading corruption inside the country. Corruption poses greater concerns to society in the long term. Russian corruption undermines labor ethics, particularly among younger generations. Russian youths firmly believe that bribes and connections are the best and perhaps only way to become successful. Widespread corruption creates a parallel, semi-feudal chain of command that competes with the official hierarchy. The weakness of law enforcement agencies, as well as the army—now almost totally demoralized—is, to a great extent, the product of corruption.
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Erwin Hamonangan Pane. "Socialization Prevent of Corruption, Prevention of Narcotics and Free Association in Parsombaan Village, Lubuk Barumun District, Padang Lawas Regency." International Journal of Community Service (IJCS) 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.55299/ijcs.v1i2.178.
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Corruption is Becomes real problem serious in Indonesia. Case corruption already no counted again amount. Develop with fast, expanding everywhere, and occur by systematic with advanced engineering and utilise modern technology. Case happening corruption from day day increasingly bloom. Almost every day news about corruption decorate various media. Even Corruption considered normal and understandable so many people Public difficult differentiate name deed corrupt and where actions that are not corrupt. Though already there is commission eradication corruption (KPK) and a number of agency Prevent Corruption other, in fact country this occupy rank top as country the most corrupt in the world.
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Syah, Kaharuddin, and Abdul Malik. "Building an Anti-Corruption Legal Culture." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (December 7, 2021): 1523–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.174.
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Background: Corrupt behaviour in Indonesia is increasingly becoming a culture, which is undoubtedly destructive to the economy and moral order of the nation. Corruption has become a chronic disease in the country, which requires serious treatment, especially by the state.
Objective: Building an anti-corruption culture is a genuine and sustained intention; such an effort should be spearheaded y the government. Instilling an understanding that corruption is a despicable act based on religious and social norms which are not ethical. However, corruption’s complexity and its modes or categories have kept on the increase along with the vast power of the state in regulating social life. Various attempts have been made by all the previous governments, but they cannot free the country from the tsunami of corruption.
Approach: Though the various policies and law enforcement models have been put in place, corruption persists today. The strategy of building an anti-corruption legal culture should be continuously promoted, in securing a corruption-free future for Indonesia.
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Hoang, Khanh, Hieu T. Doan, Thanh T. Tran, Thang X. Nguyen, and Anh Q. Le. "Anti-Corruption Campaign and Firm Financial Performance: Evidence From Vietnam Firms." Evaluation Review 46, no. 2 (January 4, 2022): 103–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193841x211072707.
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Background Corruption affects businesses in various ways. Anti-corruption, on the other hand, can improve the institutions of the country as well as business operations. Vietnam, as a socialist-oriented country with an ongoing high-profile anti-corruption campaign, provides us a unique setting to evaluate the impacts of anti-corruption on corporate performance. Objectives We address two questions: (1) what is the effect of anti-corruption on the performance of private-owned firms in Vietnam? and (2) how does anti-corruption influence the performance of firms with state ownership (FSOs) in Vietnam? Research design To investigate the impact of anti-corruption on performance of firms with different ownership settings, we use the establishment of the Central Anti-Corruption Steering Committee of Vietnam as a quasi-natural experiment for difference-in-differences analysis. We generate treatment effects of private holding and the state block ownership. To validate the findings, we construct a novel news-based anti-corruption index from Vietnamese online newspapers and use it in a robustness test to evaluate anti-corruption’s impacts on firm performance. Results and Conclusions We find a positive impact of the anti-corruption campaign on private firms’ performance, supporting the social norm perspective of how corruption affects businesses. The empirical results indicate a negative impact of the campaign on FSOs’ performance. The findings suggest that anti-corruption benefits private firms via improving the institutional quality of the country while improving the financial transparency of FSOs. Our study provides a method for measuring anti-corruption which is virtually unobservable and absent in the literature. The findings have implications for policymaking in contemporary Vietnam.
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Knack, Stephen, and Omar Azfar. "Trade intensity, country size and corruption." Economics of Governance 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101010200051.
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Begu, Liviu-Stelian, Simona-Andreea Apostu, and Andreea-Oana Enache. "Corruption perceptions index and economic development of the country." Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0010.
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Abstract The phenomenon of corruption is known all over the world, and its intensity varies according to economic, behavioral and educational factors. Transparency International is a global civil society that carries out regular opinion surveys and publishes the perceptions of corruption in countries around the world. This index identifies the level of corruption perceived in the world and contributes achieving a ranking of countries in this regard. The corruption perception index should be correlated with economic situation of a country. The economic situation of a country can be reflected by GDP and unemployment rate. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the index of corruption is influenced by the economic situation of a country, so the study analyses the corruption perception index, GDP and unemployment rate, establishing whether there is a link between them.
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Choi, Jin-Wook. "E-Government and Corruption: A Cross-Country Survey." World Political Science 10, no. 2 (October 1, 2014): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/wpsr-2014-0012.
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AbstractThis article aims to examine the effect of e-Government on corruption. Although e-Government in public administration has been studied in the context of efficiency enhancement, recent research has shed light on the causality between e-Government and corruption. However, the majority of previous studies have focused on one-country or anecdote-based analysis of which the results are not generalizable. Analyzing country-level data, this article attempts to provide a basis for a broader generalization regarding the impact of e-Government on corruption. Through controlling traditional causes of corruption such as the level of economic development, the size of government, and the degree of government regulation, the results of the empirical analysis of this article show that e-Government has a positive influence on corruption reduction. Considering that the notion of e-Government is broad in terms of areas and ranges, this article breaks down e-Government into the three components of telecommunication infrastructure, online participation, and online services. These three components are connected conceptually with ICT infrastructure, and transparency, accountability and empowerment driven by e-Government. Empirical results confirm that these three e-Government dimensions have a statistically significant influence on corruption. Findings suggest that e-Government can be regarded as a pragmatic anti-corruption strategy in the sense that most governments are eager to adopt e-Government systems.
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V. Chistnikova, Irina, Marina V. Antonova, Elizaveta G. Serova, Igor A. Sklyarenko, and Elena S. Alyokhina. "Corruption as a Threat to the Economic Security of the Country." Journal of Social Sciences Research, no. 55 (May 10, 2019): 995–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.55.995.1004.
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The article analyzes the current level of corruption as a threat to Russia’s economic security. By the method of generalization of the provisions of the legislation, the features of corruption in Russia in the context of economic security are studied, the characteristic of corruption crimes is given. The dynamics of the corruption perception Index in the Russian Federation for 2015-2017 published by Transparency International is studied. Economic and statistical methods of data processing and analysis studied the indicators of corruption in Russia in 2015-2017 on the basis of official data. The value of damage to the country’s economy from corruption is revealed. The dynamics and structure of penalties for corruption crimes in Russia in 2015-2017 are studied on the basis of the generalization of data of the General Prosecutor’s office and Judicial Department at the Supreme court of Russia. Based on the calculation and analysis of the economic security indicators of the Russian Federation for 2015-2017, the impact of corruption on the economic security of the country is assessed. The level of economic security in the country under the influence of the mechanism of corruption is revealed. Methods of positive and normative approaches, abstract-logical and systemic approaches have revealed the directions of the negative impact of corruption on the economic security of the country. The mechanism of influence of corruption on economic security of Russia is presented by graphic method. The social danger of corruption in Russia is that it has a destructive, destabilizing effect on all state institutions and impedes the progressive development of the global legal order. The public danger of corruption is also linked to its latent nature. Corruption has a significant scale that threatens the economic security of Russia, but its real level is almost impossible to establish. Data on corruption in cases registered in the Prosecutor’s office and the judiciary, as well as international expert agencies, allow us to state a high level of corruption in Russia.
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Omodero, Cordelia Onyinyechi. "The Implication of Corruption on Economic Progress of Nigeria." Review of European Studies 11, no. 2 (May 30, 2019): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v11n2p110.
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The issue of corruption is a universal challenge and has denied many emerging economies good business opportunities. This study makes use of the position of Nigeria in the country corruption ranking captured by Transparency International and the rate of corruption prevailing in the country to assess the degree of influence corruption has on economic growth of the country. The study employs secondary form of data obtained from World Bank Development Indicators and Transparency International which cover a period from 2008 to 2018. The regression result indicates that the country corruption ranking has a significant negative influence on economic growth in Nigeria while the rate of corruption prevailing in the country has a significant positive impact on economic growth in the country. The two results are significant and so the study concludes that the image of the country has been tarnished globally due to the high level of corruption in Nigeria and as internationally perceived. As a result, important investment opportunities elude the country even though the economy is growing with the high rate of corruption prevailing in the country. The study thus, recommends among others that the religious leaders and non-governmental organizations should assist in curbing the menace of corruption by inculcating moral values in the young generation who should grow up to say no to corruption and its attractions. This will go a long way to salvage the future of this great nation.
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Borlea, Sorin Nicolae, Monica Violeta Achim, and Alexandra Ioana Daniela Rus. "Behavioral Determinants of Corruption. A Cross-Country Survey." Studia Universitatis „Vasile Goldis” Arad – Economics Series 29, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sues-2019-0002.
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Abstract This research comes to empirical investigate whether the country‟s levels of corruption may be explained by some behavioral factors such as culture, tax morale, trust, religion or happiness. For this purpose, a cross-countries survey of 148 countries is used. The findings document that power distance, trust in legal system, happiness and religion are the most important behavioral determinants of the corruption, explaining about 50 % from the level of corruption around the world. A higher power distance, a lower level of trust in legal system, a lower level of happiness (measured by subjective well-being) and a higher level of religiosity conduct to a higher level of corruption. The findings are important for the policy-makers in order to include the non-economic factors in the analysis of corruption behavior of the people belong to a country, and thus to adopt the most appropriate decisions to fight against this phenomenon.
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Kimhi, Shaul, and Yarden Oliel. "National resilience, country corruption and quality of life: An international study." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 6, no. 5 (May 20, 2019): 5430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v6i5.05.
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The present study examines levels of corruption and quality of life as predictors of national resilience among six samples of students from Australia, Germany, Britain, South Korea, Israel and Greece (N=1199). Results indicated that the level of corruption and quality of life index significantly predicted national resilience: the lower the level of corruption and the higher the level of quality of life, the higher the national resilience reported. Comparing the two predictors indicated that the level of corruption is a better predictor of national resilience compared with the quality of life index. This study points to the significant link between national resilience and corruption among low-level countries in the world's corruption hierarchy.
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Refakar, Mohammad. "Corruption Distance and US Foreign Direct Investment Outflows." International Journal of Economics and Finance 13, no. 7 (June 15, 2021): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v13n7p98.
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Corruption, defined as the misuse of public power for private gains, is a problem for many emerging and developing countries. Corruption increases the poverty and reduces growth and investment. This paper aims to analyze the relationship between corruption in the host country and the US foreign direct investment towards that country. I use two measures for corruption: The Corruption Perceptions Index and the corruption distance, which is the absolute difference of the corruption in the host and the US. Using a sample of 47 countries that receive the US foreign direct investment, I find that corruption is a strong determinant of US FDI outflows and the US investors are reluctant to invest in corrupt countries. Moreover, corruption distance has a negative effect on US FDI since as the distance in corruption increases, we observe less US FDI towards the host country.
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K, Jayaraman, and Sukumar S.N. "Corruption - The Menace Afflicting the Democratic Country." International Journal of Science, Technology and Humanities 1, no. 1 (October 30, 2014): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/ijsth3.
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Dave, Brij Behari. "Factors affecting corruption: A cross-country analysis." Clarion- International Multidisciplinary Journal 9, no. 2 (2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2277-937x.2020.00013.1.
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Louridas, Panos, and Diomidis Spinellis. "Conspicuous corruption: Evidence at a country level." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): e0255970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255970.
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People can exhibit their status by the consumption of particular goods or experiential purchases; this is known as “conspicuous consumption”; the practice is widespread and explains the market characteristics of a whole class of goods, Veblen goods, demand for which increase in tandem with their price. The value of such positional goods lies in their distribution among the population—the rarer they are, the more desirable they become. At the same time, higher income, often associated with higher status, has been studied in its relation to unethical behavior. Here we present research that shows how a particular Veblen good, illicit behavior, and wealth, combine to produce the display of illegality as a status symbol. We gathered evidence at a large, country-level, scale of a particular form of consumption of an illictly acquired good for status purposes. We show that in Greece, a developed middle-income country, where authorities cannot issue custom vanity license plates, people acquire distinguishing plate numbers that act as vanity plate surrogates. We found that such license plates are more common in cars with bigger engines and in luxury brands, and are therefore associated with higher value vehicles. This cannot be explained under the lawful procedures for allocating license plates and must therefore be the result of illegal activities, such as graft. This suggests a pattern of “conspicuous corruption”, where individuals break the law and use their gains as status symbols, knowing that the symbols hint at rule-breaking, as long as the unlawful practice cannot be incontestably established.
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Malagueño, Ricardo, Chad Albrecht, Christopher Ainge, and Nate Stephens. "Accounting and corruption: a cross‐country analysis." Journal of Money Laundering Control 13, no. 4 (October 12, 2010): 372–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13685201011083885.
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Vale, José, and Manuel Castelo Branco. "Anti-corruption reporting in emerging country multinationals." Journal of Financial Crime 26, no. 3 (July 2, 2019): 861–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-10-2018-0114.
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Purpose Based on a lens of analysis combining legitimacy and stakeholder theories, this paper aims to explore some factors which influence anti-corruption (AC) reporting in large multinationals from emerging countries. Design/methodology/approach An ordinal logistic regression is used to assess the relation between the AC reporting and multinationals’ industrial affiliation, number of countries of operations, membership of the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) and public ownership. The sample was drawn from the 2016 Transparency International Report “Transparency in Corporate Reporting – Assessing Emerging Market Multinationals”. Findings Evidence suggests that in emerging countries, listed multinationals, which operate in a large number of countries or are members of the UNGC, present significant levels of AC reporting. Unexpectedly, results also suggest that such reporting is not significantly affected by the corruption risk level of the industries to which the multinationals belong. Finally, results suggest that in emerging markets, the dependency for resources may also affect AC reporting. Originality/value This paper contributes to the extant literature, by exploring different determinants of AC reporting, namely, a thus far unexplored one: public vs private ownership. This paper also contributes to the literature by providing insights into the relationships in a specific context: that of emerging countries. Finally, the reliance on the international community for the provision of resources is shown as a factor that potentially affects AC reporting.
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Jha, Chandan, and Bibhudutta Panda. "Individualism and Corruption: A Cross-Country Analysis." Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 36, no. 1 (January 19, 2017): 60–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12163.
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Ivanyna, Maksym, and Anwar Shah. "Decentralization and Corruption: New Cross-Country Evidence." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 29, no. 2 (January 2011): 344–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c1081r.
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Liu, Yongzheng, and Haibo Feng. "Tax structure and corruption: cross-country evidence." Public Choice 162, no. 1-2 (August 17, 2014): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-014-0194-y.
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Nabila, Suci. "Social Loss Corruption Cases in Indonesia: How Should the Corruptors Punished?" IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) 4, no. 1 (May 19, 2019): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ijcls.v4i1.19612.
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Corruption is a serious problem that occurs in a country including Indonesia. Corruption is a problem that has a very big impact on the country and causes a lot of losses that its handling has not been taken seriously. This crime is very difficult to eradicate, because it is usually carried out in a systematic way and involves the authorities or people who hold economic and political power. In various countries the way to punish perpetrators of corruption is very diverse. In Indonesia alone the punishment used is a sentence of imprisonment. But the sentence of confinement in Indonesia is considered to have a deterrent effect. It is appropriate for a corruptor to be given severe sanctions and give a deterrent effect, one of which is a death sentence. But in Indonesia there are pros and cons regarding this death sentence.
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Brueckner, Markus. "Democracy and Corruption." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 10 (October 15, 2021): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14100492.
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I examine the relationship between democracy and the perceived risk of corruption in a panel of 130 countries. My panel model controls for country fixed effects and enables the estimation of a within-country relationship between democracy and corruption. My main finding is that democracy significantly reduces the risk of corruption, but only in countries where ethnic fractionalization is low. In strongly fractionalized countries a transition from autocracy to democracy does not significantly reduce corruption. One explanation for these findings is that the corruption-reducing effect of greater accountability of politicians under democracy is undermined by the common pool problem; fractionalization increases the severity of the common pool problem.
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Khlif, Hichem, Achraf Guidara, and Khaled Hussainey. "Sustainability level, corruption and tax evasion: a cross-country analysis." Journal of Financial Crime 23, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 328–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-09-2014-0041.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between the level of sustainability and tax evasion and test whether the level of corruption moderates such a relationship. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of 65 developed and developing countries. Tax evasion is measured using a macro indirect approach used by Schneider et al. (2010). The sustainability level and corruption variables are collected from The Global Competitiveness Report for 2012-2013. Findings This study finds that the level of tax evasion is negatively associated with the level of sustainability (overall score and social and environmental score) and the quality of infrastructure. When we distinguish between low- and high-corruption countries, we find that this negative association is significant for low-corruption countries and insignificant for high-corruption countries. These results imply that the level of corruption may reduce the tendency of individuals in a given state to accept and trust their government in general and comply with the tax rules in particular. Originality/value Our empirical findings have policy implications for governments with high levels of tax evasion, as they highlight the importance of states’ engagements towards their citizens in reducing tax evasion.
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Abuova, M. "Corruption in Kazakhstan: and its impact on the economic development of the country." Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Political Science. Regional Studies. Oriental Studies. Turkology Series. 133, no. 4 (2020): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6887/2020-133-4-8-13.
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Corruption is a serious problem, and not only in developing countries. The fact is corruption interferes economic growth weakens the rule of law and undermines the rule of law institutions. Moreover, it has been studied nationally from the different perspectives of that issue. Recently, a growing number of studies on local corruption and, these recent studies have focused on the corruption and its impact on voters. The report will consider corruption in the system of public administration in the Republic of Kazakhstan and will be focused on the consequences of the corruption on the economy of the country
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WELSCH, HEINZ. "Corruption, growth, and the environment: a cross-country analysis." Environment and Development Economics 9, no. 5 (October 2004): 663–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x04001500.
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The relationship between per capita income and a number of pollution indicators has been found to display an inverted U-shaped or downward-sloping pattern. Corruption may affect this relationship in two distinct ways: by raising pollution at given income levels (direct effect) and by reducing per capita income (indirect effect). The total effect is ambiguous a priori. Using cross-section data for several indicators of pollution, the paper estimates the direct and the indirect effect of corruption on pollution. The indirect effect via income is positive or negative depending on the income level. If negative, the indirect effect is dominated by the positive direct effect. Overall, our measures of pollution are monotonically increasing in corruption. Because this relationship is particularly strong at low income levels, developing countries can considerably improve both their economic and environmental performance by reducing corruption.
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Rumiyati, Rini. "The Extradition Agreement Between Indonesia and Australia: Case of Adrian Kiki Iriawan Extradition." Digest: Journal of Jurisprudence and Legisprudence 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/digest.v2i1.48631.
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Law is a tool to create justice and create peace of society. State money is something that must be accepted as a right for all Indonesian people, but many are misusing state money for their own benefit. Corruption is an extraordinary crime that harms the state, and hurts justice in society. Not only does it commit corruption, it is more sad that many corruptors are absent from the obligation to account for their actions. There are many ways by corruptors to escape the responsibility of prosecution, one of which is by fleeing to other countries. With the escape of the corruptor to another country, the country of origin experienced a huge loss. The first is because the person has caused material losses with a very large amount in which the money should be a right of the people of Indonesia, the second is to escape the corruptor to a foreign country of course this will hurt justice in the community because the corruptor can still live a comfortable life with the proceeds of the crime while many of the people who live in need. But what is wrong is still guilty and must get the punishment that should be in accordance with applicable regulations. It was not only the Indonesian people who condemned the Corruption Act, but the international community also began to pay attention to these actions. Extradition is an expression of the attention of the international community towards corruption. Extradition can be a solution in the event that the perpetrator escapes from his responsibility and runs away abroad, so that the person cannot be free from punishment. Adrian Kiki Iriawan is one of the Indonesian corruptors who escaped from his responsibilities and is hiding in a foreign country, he is a convict in the case of Bank Indonesia liquidity assistance, he used state funds amounting to 1.5 trillion for his own interests.
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Ng, David, Kun Qian, and Adam Dix. "Corruption and corporate governance: a cross-national study." Corporate Ownership and Control 5, no. 3 (2008): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv5i3c2p6.
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This paper examines the importance of country-level corruption in explaining the variation of firm-level corporate governance. Analysis of firm-level corporate governance data and country level corruption data on over 400 companies in 26 countries confirms the hypothesis that corruption has a statistically significant negative impact on the quality of a firm’s corporate governance. One standard deviation increase in country-level corruption is associated with a 0.5 to 0.7 standard deviation decrease in firm-level corporate governance scores
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Kartin, Ang Prisila. "Kerangka Pemberantasan Korupsi Di Usa Dan Dampaknya." JEMAP 1, no. 1 (July 16, 2018): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/jemap.v1i1.1587.
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United States is well-known as a superpower country. Among all the countries in the world United States has the best economic strength, military power, and political power. But it is not in line with the Corruption Perceptions Index which indicates how corrupt their public sectors are seen to be. The rampant corruption in United States happened in both of government sector and the private sector. Some cases that have occurred are the Watergate Scandal, Lockheed Scandal, Enron, WorldCom, and Xerox. Various cases of corruption in the United States indicate that superpower country supported by strong economic, military and political conditions does not necessarily make the cases of corruption / frauds in the country to be disappear. United States needs to make efforts to eradicate corruption in the country to suppress possible corruption cases.Various efforts made by the United States in the form of law issuance and the establishment of corruption eradication agencies are expected to help overcome the problem of corruption in the world. The United States, as the axis of the world's economy and politics, has caused many countries to be affected by the enactment of anti-corruption laws. The global awareness in eradicating corruption is expected to bring a positive climate for the global economy to realize a prosperous world community
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Çera, Edmond, and Arta Sinamati. "Determinants of Corruption Perception in a Transition Country: Case of Albania." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 5, no. 1 (November 27, 2017): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjreecm-2017-0013.
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Abstract In many aspects, Albania as a transition country has several weaknesses when compared to its neighbor countries. Even though the collapse of the communist regime was reached at almost the same time with other Balkan countries, Albania still remains outside the European Union and has to face an immature government and problematic progress in several areas. Corruption is one of the most problematic issues in Albania. This research paper is based on the data collected by IDRA Research & Consulting and in the course of empirical analysis. It studies the relation between corruption and the microeconomic factors, categorized as demographic and socio-economic factors. In other words, this study aims to examine why some individuals are more willing to accept corruption than other. Based on prominent previous studies in this field, which were discussed to a relatively limited degree, this paper aims to build an empirical model for Albania that helps to explain why some individuals are more tolerant with regard to corruption. As previous studies have shown, such factors as gender, the area of living, region, experience or wrong conception are expected to be listed among the indicators that determine perception of corruption. This study takes into account the findings of literature review when setting up the regression. The results argue that factors such as the area of living, political orientation, the level of trust in institutions, personal experience with corruption, and the right conception of corruption are important factors determining the level of corruption perception.
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Hassan, Omaima, and Gianluigi Giorgioni. "The impact of corruption on analyst coverage." Managerial Auditing Journal 34, no. 3 (March 4, 2019): 305–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-01-2018-1783.
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PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of country-level corruption and firms’ anti-bribery policies on analyst coverage. Analyst coverage has been identified as a powerful tool to detect fraud and should equally act as a possible tool to reduce corruption.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a negative binomial count regression method on a longitudinal data set of a sample of S&P Global 1200 companies for the years 2010-2015. To control for potential endogeneity bias and improve the reliability of the estimation, both country-level corruption and firms’ anti-bribery policies variables were instrumented.FindingsAfter controlling potential endogeneity bias, the results show that the adoption of anti-bribery policies at firm level attracts more analysts to follow a firm. The results for corruption at country level show that analyst coverage increases in less corrupted countries indicating that the costs of corruption exceed its potential benefits. When the variables corruption at country level and anti-bribery policies are interacted, the relationship is positive and highly significant.Practical implicationsGiven the potential important role played by anti-corruption measures, firms are encouraged to adopt them to reduce the incidence of corruption and to increase analyst coverage, which will reinforce the benign effect of monitoring.Originality/valueAlthough the literature on corruption at the country level is rich, it is geared towards the determinants of corruption in contrast to its consequences, and fewer studies have focused on the impact of corruption at firm level because of data limitations. This paper addresses this gap and contributes to the literature on the consequences of corruption at firm level.
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D’Ascenzo, Michael. "Country note: Integrity The Keystone to Good Tax Administration." Intertax 46, Issue 3 (March 1, 2018): 240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2018025.
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Corruption has a corrosive impact on the wellbeing of a nation, and is especially damaging to tax administrations. The article explores the causes of corruption both from the perspective of the design of tax systems and from the perspective of tax administrations. It outlines a range of generic remedies that can be used to minimize the risk of corruption. In giving life to these generic remedies the article follows the approach taken by the Australian Taxation Office to reinvigorate its integrity framework as a result of the improper conduct of an assistant commissioner (Petroulias) in the late 1990s.
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Swaleheen, Mushfiq, and Marcus Tim Allen. "The efficacy of multilateral anti-bribery convention with national government enforcement." Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 3 (April 20, 2020): 885–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-01-2020-0015.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of multinational enterprises’ (MNEs) home country corruption in their decision to bribe officials in foreign host countries. Design/methodology/approach A model that predicts MNE bribing by controlling for a multitude of foreign host country factors is used. The information contained in the orthogonal residuals from this model is exploited to see whether MNE’s home country factors, particularly the level of public corruption, work to amplify illegal behavior by respective MNE in abroad. Findings MNEs pay more in bribes when the foreign officials they face are more corrupt. This behavior worsens when MNE’s home country has more corruption. Social implications All UN member countries are signatories to the UN Convention against Corruption that proscribes the bribing of foreign public officials by respective MNEs. The Convention’s reliance on home country enforcement of stipulations against the bribing of foreign officials by respective MNEs exposes its efficacy of the malfeasance of home country public officials. Originality/value This paper extends the literature to an examination of MNE’s use of bribes in a world with a global anti-corruption regime. Additionally, it ties MNE behavior in foreign countries to corruption in MNE’s home country.
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Chamisa, Moses Garai. "Does Corruption Affect Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Inflows in SADC Countries?" Journal of Applied Accounting and Taxation 5, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jaat.v5i2.1873.
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Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a crucial factor to development in SADC, while at the same time corruption continues to be an obstacle to economic transformation in these countries. Empirically, studies provide controversial results on the effect of corruption on FDI. Some studies conclude that corruption negatively impacts FDI inflows in a country, while others provide evidence that corruption can act as a ‘helping hand’ to FDI inflows in a country. Given this ambiguity in the results of previous studies, using panel data for the period 2000-2016 for 15 SADC countries, this study examines the impact of corruption on FDI inflows in these countries. Lack of attention in previous studies on the impact of corruption on FDI inflows in SADC motivated this research. Estimation results using robust random effects model show that when corruption is widespread in a country, foreign investors are reluctant to invest. Thus, corruption negatively affects FDI inflows in SADC countries. The study recommends that SADC countries should develop and implement efficient, effective and strong anti-corruption measures to reduce corruption and hence increase FDI inflows.
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Zander, Tobias. "Does corruption matter for FDI flows in the OECD? A gravity analysis." International Economics and Economic Policy 18, no. 2 (April 17, 2021): 347–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10368-021-00496-4.
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AbstractIn this paper, the effect of corruption on foreign direct investment (FDI) flows is analyzed. The literature is thus far divided regarding the effects of corruption: One hypothesis argues that corruption greases the wheels of government and is therefore beneficial while the other hypothesis argues that it sands the wheels of government leading to suboptimal results in an economy. For the empirical analysis, a dataset consisting of bilateral FDI data from the OECD and the control of corruption measure from the World Governance Indicators of the World Bank is compiled. To further analyze the effects of corruption the Panama Papers revelation is used as a corruption increasing event and the implementation into law of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention is used as a corruption decreasing event. Finally, the difference between corruption levels in the target and the origin country, will be examined. Then, a gravity model with dyadic and time-fixed effects is employed to analyze the data. Findings are ambiguous in that corruption is positively correlated with FDI inflows in the target country and negatively correlated with FDI inflows in the origin country. The Panama Papers variable shows strong evidence, that the release of the Panama Papers resulted in a drop in FDI flows. Therefore, it seems that corruption has complex country specific effects and that target and source countries have to adopt varying policies with regards to corruption. The general effect of corruption harms FDI flows, as shown by the Panama Papers revelation.
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Anwar, Choirul. "Strategi Pendidikan Anti Korupsi pada Jenjang Sekolah Dasar." ASANKA: Journal of Social Science And Education 2, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/asanka.v2i2.2990.
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The Anti-Corruption Education Strategy is a very crucial thing in Indonesia. Many cases of corruption that occur in this country ranging from small cases to large cases and harm the country. Therefore, it is necessary to instill anti-corruption education from the basic level. The anti-corruption education strategy for elementary school (SD) students can be done by instilling an honest, fair, courageous and disciplined attitude in students which is implemented in every lesson for students. Instilling anti-corruption values in PKN learning. Applying anti-corruption education in elementary schools can be done through learning Islamic Religious Education. In the subject of Islamic Religious Education, there are anti-corruption values that are taught such as the values of honesty and simplicity. In addition to Islamic Religious Education subjects, Citizenship Education subjects can also be a medium in applying anti-corruption education. Through Citizenship Education subjects, the values of responsibility, love for the homeland and defending the country are instilled.
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Truntsevsky, Yuri Vladimirovich. "RESISTANCE CORRUPTION IN KENYA." Yugra State University Bulletin, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/byusu20180243-53.
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To consolidate the efforts of society and the state, to implement the National anti - corruption plan for 2018-2020 in our country, the experience of foreign countries in the field of anti-corruption is of interest. The Republic of Kenya has legislative and institutional examples. The results of the study showed that this African country has a stable anti-corruption regulatory framework, the presence of a successfully functioning anti-corruption body, the desire of the country's leadership to improve all institutions of state power in order to continue to reduce corruption in the country. However, a survey of the population of Kenya showed a number of unresolved problems in the area under consideration. This requires further reflection and development of measures to improve the effectiveness of the state anti-corruption policy. This is especially required in education and public administration. In Kenya, it is planned to strengthen interagency cooperation on exchange of information; to revise anti-corruption legislation to strengthen the penalties; to create a special anti-corruption courts, which will accelerate the decision of questions of fight against corruption and unethical behavior.
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Rosman, Edi, Aidil Alfin, and Bustamar Bustamar. "Politik Hukum Pidana Indonesia: Analisis Korelasi Siyasah Syar’iyah dan Pencegahan Korupsi." Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 13, no. 1 (June 25, 2019): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v0i1.1797.
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Corruption as an extraordinary crime is treated extraordinarily in Indonesia. The state’s treatment of corruption is part of the legal policies of the country. Indonesia is an anti-corruption country, but the corruption index is relatively high. The presence of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) seems more repressive as a representation of the current Indonesian criminal law politics. Indonesia is an anti-corruption country, but the corruption index is relatively high. The presence of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) seems more repressive in handling corruption cases as a representation of the current Indonesian criminal law politics. But prevention efforts have received little attention. Why have Indonesian criminal law policies not been oriented to the prevention of corruption? Ideally, efforts to prevent corruption in Indonesia use criminal law policies that are based on religious and moral values. Correlatively according to Islamic law, siyāsah syar’iyyah (Islamic legal policy) will have a positive effect on corruption prevention. Institutionalizing siyāsah syar’iyyah for prevention of corruption in Indonesia is relevant to the sociological conditions of religious communities. Is it preventing better than giving punishment? Emergency in dealing with corruption is the same as an emergency in dealing with morality. siyāsah syar’iyyah is used as a way of dealing with moral emergencies. Indonesian criminal law policy that is based on siyāsah syar’iyyah is the main solution in efforts to prevent corruption.
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Kimpimäki, Minna. "Corruption in a non-corrupt country: what does corruption look like in Finland?" International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 42, no. 2-3 (April 5, 2017): 233–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2017.1310662.
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Hamza, Suleiman Danladi. "The Need to Incorporate Traditional Leaders in the Fight against Corruption at local level in Nigeria." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v4i1.615.
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Nigeria is one of the countries that are facing a high level of corruption. This problem of corruption is no different at the local level in the country. Even though government devised measure to tackle this menace, the level of corruption in the country continue to rise. Thus, this study examines how traditional leaders can be incorporated in the fight against corruption at the local level in Nigeria. The study used secondary data like journal articles, Newspapers, Magazines etc. and content analysis was carried out. The study proves that traditional leaders have the potentials with which they can contribute in reducing the excesses of corruption at local level and the country at large. the study concludes that there is a need to incorporate traditional leaders in the fight against corruption by assigning role to them.
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Pavlov, Pavel Vladimirovich, Igor Valentinovich Godunov, and Elena Konstantinovna Zashchitina. "Anti-corruption education and outreach as a factor promoting investment attractiveness of the country." Национальная безопасность / nota bene, no. 1 (January 2021): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0668.2021.1.35030.
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This article examines the correlation between the country’s investment attractiveness and the level of corruption therein. The key goal of this research consist in the creation of comprehensive curriculum for anti-corruption education and outreach, the implementation of which would significantly reduce the level of corruption in Russia, and thereby improve its investment attractiveness on the international arena. The object of this research is the mechanisms for improving investment attractiveness of the country in the global market; one of such mechanisms is the reduction of corruption component. The subject of this research is the practices of anti-corruption education and outreach used by the world leading countries aimed at lowering the level of corruption. The information framework is comprised of the official statistics of the World Bank, as well as expert reports published in the media. Based on the established correlation between these factors, the article provides the examples of measures for reducing the level of corruption implemented in Russia and the leading world countries. The result of the work consists in the development of comprehensive curriculum for anti-corruption education, which can be used on the regional or federal level for achieving a synergistic effect. This article is intended for the scholars and pedagogues, officers of the executive branch, state and municipal officials responsible for the implementation of national anti-corruption plans, as well as other experts dealing with anti-corruption issues.
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Pan, Lili, Lin Wang, and Qianqian Feng. "Effects of Host-Country Corruption on China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investments: Expert Knowledge Versus Public Awareness." SAGE Open 12, no. 4 (October 2022): 215824402211417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221141701.
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Corruption in the host nation is a key issue influencing foreign direct investment. Most existing studies use the expert-knowledge-based corruption index as a proxy for corruption. However, the validity of these published corruption indexes is often questioned by scholars and experts. By introducing Internet data to evaluate public corruption awareness levels, this paper uses two different corruption proxy variables to investigate the relationship between host country corruption and China’s OFDI. In addition, these relationships are further compared between the Belt and Road (B&R) countries and non-B&R countries. The empirical results show that there are negative correlations between host country corruption and China’s OFDI flow for the whole sample, B&R countries and non-B&R countries. The empirical results of this paper serve as a reference for Chinese enterprises to make overseas investment decisions.
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Syauki, Ahmad, Muhammad Iqbal Fasa, Suharto, and Adib Fachri. "CORRUPTION: NOT A TABOO FOR INDONESIANS?" Kajian Hukum 7, no. 1 (May 20, 2022): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37159/kh.v7i1.8.
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The problem of corruption has never been separated from human life from ancient times until now. Corruption is a social disease that will cause an opium effect for the perpetrators. In addition to harming the country, corruption is also self-defeating because if someone is already entangled in corrupt behavior, he will continue to do so until one day his actions are known to the authorities. The author wants to open people's minds about corruption and corrupt behavior so that it is hoped that it will make readers aware that corruption is not a behavior that should be proud of. Data shows that corruption cases in Indonesia are dominantly increasing every year and this is not good news. The data also shows that from 2004-2018 only a handful of corruption cases in Indonesia were able to reach the courts, this means that the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) seems overwhelmed in handling these cases. Apart from repressive measures, preventive measures such as early anti-corruption education must also be taken to break this vicious circle. This work is using normative juridical method through a rule of law, case, and conceptual approach.
Keywords: Corruption, Law, Human Character, Corruptive Behavior, Indonesia.
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Apergis, Emmanuel, and Nicholas Apergis. "New evidence on corruption and government debt from a global country panel." Journal of Economic Studies 46, no. 5 (August 29, 2019): 1009–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-03-2018-0088.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the link between corruption and government debt through a regime-based approach. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis makes use of a panel of 120 countries, spanning the period 1999–2015. The study makes use of the Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) methodological approach, as well as two alternative measures of corruption. Findings The empirical results document that the relationship between corruption and debt is non-linear, while a strong threshold effect was present as well. Public debt appears to respond faster to a high corruption regime compared to a low corruption regime, while an increase in the size of the shadow economy, government expenses, the inflation rate, interest payments on debt and military expenditure all increased the debt to GDP ratio. By contrast, an increase in GDP per capita, the secondary school enrollment ratio and the ratio of tax revenues to GDP led to a fall in the debt to GDP ratio. The findings survive certain robust checks when the role of the 2008 financial crisis is explicitly considered, as well as when two separate country samples were considered, i.e. developed vs developing countries. Practical implications Governments should aim to control both corruption and the size of the shadow economy if they really wish to reduce any high levels of their public debt. As debt levels respond faster to high corruption regimes, it is necessary that measures to reduce corruption are complemented by higher GDP per capita growth rates, enrolment rates and higher tax revenues. Originality/value The novelty of the paper is that it investigates for the first time, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the presence of non-linearity between corruption and government debt. It proposes non-linear panel cointegration and causality tests, as well as a non-linear panel error correction model that allows for smooth changes between regimes, hence, examining causal relationships in each regime separately.
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Abdi S, Fairus. "PERAN KONSELOR DALAM PENANAMAN PENDIDIKAN ANTIKORUPSI BAGI SISWA SMPN 5 KEPANJEN." Jurnal Konseling Pendidikan Islam 1, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32806/jkpi.v1i1.7.
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Abstract: Corruption comes from the Latin "corruputio" or "corruptus" meaning damage or corruption (Samidan, 2011). Meaning of the word corruption is corruption, literally, malice, depravity, dishonesty, can be bribed, immoral, deviations from the Holiness (Karsona, 2013). Corruption may be defined as a misappropriation or misuse of State money and private for personal benefit or others. The Act of corruption can also damage a country in terms of economy and education. Corruption in Indonesia is already very worrying, and needs to be eradicated altogether, during the handling of the corruption eradication more done in the form of repressive actions, namely the Act provides punishment by holding the corruptor. Other strategies in the fight against corruption, one of them with preventive action or prevention of the occurrence of corruption, this action which is considered the most effective way to prevent the occurrence of corruption, namely through education pathways. This type of research is a case study, Bungin (2003) describes research case study is a study that is comprehensive, intensive, detailed and insightful as well as more directed in an effort to elucidate the issues or phenomena the contemporary nature and immediacy. Anti-corruption education modules can be delivered through the role of the Counselor/teacher BK through granting information services by delivering anti-corruption education values for students of JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL. Anti-corruption education could be developed back-related media provided against the students.
Keywords: Anti-corruption Education, Counselors, Students
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Salihu, Habeeb Abdulrauf, and Hossein Gholami. "Corruption in the Nigeria Judicial System: An Overview." Journal of Financial Crime 25, no. 3 (July 2, 2018): 669–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-01-2017-0005.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine corruption in the Nigeria judicial system, the implications on justice administration and the fight against corruption in the country, and proffer recommendations on ways to eradicate corruption in the system. Design/methodology/approach This paper is essentially a desk research with reliance on secondary source of data in published outlets such as journal articles, online articles and books. Findings There is prevalence of corruption in the judicial system, and it is one the obstacles hindering the fight against corruption in the country. Originality/value Its scope is limited to issue and content analysis of judicial corruption in Nigeria.
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Kim, Kyungho, and Hyunwoo Lim. "Country-Specific Experience, Host Country Government Corruption, And Outward Foreign Direct Investment By Korean Textile Firms." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 30, no. 4 (June 30, 2014): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v30i4.8659.
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This study explores how organizational learning and host country government corruption influenced outward foreign direct investment by Korean textile firms between 1986 and 1995, given that foreign direct investment decisions are not made in isolation from these two factors. The results provide empirical evidence for the recent organizational learning theory argument that the longevity of country-specific experience has a curvilinear relationship with foreign direct investment. In addition, the results suggest that the positive relationship between host country government corruption and foreign direct investment is moderated by the decreasing effect of host countryspecific experience over time, suggesting that a dynamic framework of organizational learning could be used to cautiously qualify the existing bifurcated positive versus negative conclusion about the government corruptionforeign direct investment relationship.
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Barkemeyer, Ralf, Lutz Preuss, and Mark Ohana. "Developing Country Firms and the Challenge of Corruption." Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, no. 1 (August 2018): 12765. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.12765abstract.
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Flores Marquez, Héctor, Ana Lilia Valderrama Santibañez, Gerardo Angeles Castro, and Omar Neme Castillo. "Corruption and extreme wealth. Evidence at country level." Cogent Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1910163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1910163.
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