Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Counterfactual regret / Journal articles

Journal articles on the topic 'Counterfactual regret'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Counterfactual regret.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Counterfactual regret.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Summerville, Amy. "Counterfactual Seeking." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 37, no. 11 (July 6, 2011): 1522–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167211413295.

Full text

Abstract:

Decision makers faced with an opportunity to learn the outcome of a foregone alternative must balance anticipated regret, should that information be unfavorable, with the potential benefits of this information in reducing experienced regret. Counterfactual seeking, the choice to learn more about foregone alternatives, may be a functional, regret-regulating strategy for individuals already experiencing regret. Counterfactual seeking increases in response to dissatisfying outcomes (Studies 1 and 2). Counterfactual seeking is generally able to reduce dissatisfaction (Study 2), regardless of whether individuals personally chose to view this information or were randomly assigned to do so (Study 3). Moreover, both imaginative (vs. factual) thoughts about the foregone option and upward (vs. downward) counterfactual thoughts play a role in this improvement in satisfaction (Study 4). Regret thus has a complex influence in how individuals engage with counterfactual information.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Epstude, Kai, and Neal J. Roese. "When Goal Pursuit Fails." Social Psychology 42, no. 1 (January 2011): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000039.

Full text

Abstract:

Counterfactual thoughts predominantly occur in response to failed goal pursuit. The primary function of self-related counterfactuals seems to be correction of specific behaviors and preparation for future successful goal attainment. In the present article we describe a model that outlines this view of counterfactual thoughts. We focus specifically on automatic versus controlled processes of counterfactual thinking and their relation to the formation of intentions. We link our model to research on goal pursuit, in which the impact of counterfactual thoughts and related affective experiences (e.g., regret) has been somewhat neglected. Implications for research on motivation and goal pursuit are discussed and novel predictions highlighted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Riddle Harding, Jennifer. "Evaluative stance and counterfactuals in language and literature." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 16, no. 3 (August 2007): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947007079109.

Full text

Abstract:

This article argues that speakers often express attitudes not only toward events that have happened, but also toward counterfactual events; speakers communicate these attitudes by expressing an evaluative stance toward counterfactual scenarios. By analyzing examples from a variety of discourse situations, from conversation to canonical literature, the author demonstrates that counterfactuals and evaluations function jointly to produce rhetorical effects. The options for expressing evaluative stance are described in detail, as are the four configurations of focal scenario and evaluative stance that may arise in discourse. By considering the connection between evaluative stance and emotion, the author explains the rhetorical connection between counterfactuals and feelings of relief and regret. With this theoretical and methodological framework established, the article then moves to consider the role of counterfactuals and evaluative stance in literature. In literature, different speakers, including characters and narrators, may imagine and describe counterfactuals, which are scenarios not realized in the story and which are regarded as unrealized by the speaker who introduces them. These narrative speakers, as well as the implied author, may also adopt an evaluative stance toward counterfactuals that are introduced. Readers must juggle these contending representations and evaluations. Because counterfactual scenarios are often depictions of foreclosed possibilities, lost opportunities, and near misses linked to strong feelings of relief and regret, they are evocative elements of narrative that reward readers for their mental work with an enhanced appreciation for characters and textual themes. Counterfactuals also encourage readers to take a participatory role in the process of judgment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Byrne, Ruth M. J. "Counterfactual Thinking: From Logic to Morality." Current Directions in Psychological Science 26, no. 4 (August 2017): 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721417695617.

Full text

Abstract:

People create counterfactual alternatives to reality when they imagine how things would have turned out differently “if only. . . .” They understand counterfactuals by constructing models that correspond to the conjecture, and to the presupposed facts. The dual meaning of counterfactuals leads people to make more inferences from them compared to ordinary conditionals. People create counterfactuals by changing an aspect of reality that has been represented explicitly in their models, and they zoom in on a “fault line,” such as an exceptional event. However, knowledge can modulate what is represented in models and so the fault lines can shift. Counterfactuals permeate much of mental life, including judgments about morality, such as blame or praise, and assessments of emotions, such as regret or relief.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Brown, Noam, and Tuomas Sandholm. "Solving Imperfect-Information Games via Discounted Regret Minimization." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 1829–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33011829.

Full text

Abstract:

Counterfactual regret minimization (CFR) is a family of iterative algorithms that are the most popular and, in practice, fastest approach to approximately solving large imperfectinformation games. In this paper we introduce novel CFR variants that 1) discount regrets from earlier iterations in various ways (in some cases differently for positive and negative regrets), 2) reweight iterations in various ways to obtain the output strategies, 3) use a non-standard regret minimizer and/or 4) leverage “optimistic regret matching”. They lead to dramatically improved performance in many settings. For one, we introduce a variant that outperforms CFR+, the prior state-of-the-art algorithm, in every game tested, including large-scale realistic settings. CFR+ is a formidable benchmark: no other algorithm has been able to outperform it. Finally, we show that, unlike CFR+, many of the important new variants are compatible with modern imperfect-informationgame pruning techniques and one is also compatible with sampling in the game tree.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Coricelli, Giorgio, and Aldo Rustichini. "Counterfactual thinking and emotions: regret and envy learning." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1538 (January 27, 2010): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0159.

Full text

Abstract:

Emotions like regret and envy share a common origin: they are motivated by the counterfactual thinking of what would have happened had we made a different choice. When we contemplate the outcome of a choice we made, we may use the information on the outcome of a choice we did not make. Regret is the purely private comparison between two choices that we could have taken, envy adds to this the information on outcome of choices of others. However, envy has a distinct social component, in that it adds the change in the social ranking that follows a difference in the outcomes. We study the theoretical foundation and the experimental test of this view.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Hetts, John J., David S. Boninger, David A. Armor, Faith Gleicher, and Ariel Nathanson. "The influence of anticipated counterfactual regret on behavior." Psychology and Marketing 17, no. 4 (April 2000): 345–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6793(200004)17:4<345::aid-mar5>3.0.co;2-m.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Pierro, Antonio, Susanne Leder, Lucia Mannetti, E. Tory Higgins, Arie W. Kruglanski, and Antonio Aiello. "Regulatory mode effects on counterfactual thinking and regret." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 44, no. 2 (March 2008): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2007.06.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Li, Huale, Xuan Wang, Fengwei Jia, Yulin Wu, Jiajia Zhang, and Shuhan Qi. "RLCFR: Minimize counterfactual regret by deep reinforcement learning." Expert Systems with Applications 187 (January 2022): 115953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2021.115953.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Nicolle, Antoinette, and Kevin Riggs. "The costs of giving up: Action versus inaction asymmetries in regret." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36, no. 6 (December 2013): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x13001143.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractKurzban et al.'s opportunity cost model of mental effort relies heavily on counterfactual thinking. We suggest that a closer inspection of the role of counterfactual emotions, and particularly of action/inaction asymmetries in anticipated regret, may be important in understanding the role of opportunity costs in decisions to persist with a current task.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Baskin-Sommers, Arielle, Allison M. Stuppy-Sullivan, and Joshua W. Buckholtz. "Psychopathic individuals exhibit but do not avoid regret during counterfactual decision making." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 50 (November 28, 2016): 14438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609985113.

Full text

Abstract:

Psychopathy is associated with persistent antisocial behavior and a striking lack of regret for the consequences of that behavior. Although explanatory models for psychopathy have largely focused on deficits in affective responsiveness, recent work indicates that aberrant value-based decision making may also play a role. On that basis, some have suggested that psychopathic individuals may be unable to effectively use prospective simulations to update action value estimates during cost–benefit decision making. However, the specific mechanisms linking valuation, affective deficits, and maladaptive decision making in psychopathy remain unclear. Using a counterfactual decision-making paradigm, we found that individuals who scored high on a measure of psychopathy were as or more likely than individuals low on psychopathy to report negative affect in response to regret-inducing counterfactual outcomes. However, despite exhibiting intact affective regret sensitivity, they did not use prospective regret signals to guide choice behavior. In turn, diminished behavioral regret sensitivity predicted a higher number of prior incarcerations, and moderated the relationship between psychopathy and incarceration history. These findings raise the possibility that maladaptive decision making in psychopathic individuals is not a consequence of their inability to generate or experience negative emotions. Rather, antisocial behavior in psychopathy may be driven by a deficit in the generation of forward models that integrate information about rules, costs, and goals with stimulus value representations to promote adaptive behavior.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Seta, Catherine E., John J. Seta, G. Todd McElroy, and Jessica Hatz. "Regret: The Roles of Consistency-Fit and Counterfactual Salience." Social Cognition 26, no. 6 (December 2008): 700–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.2008.26.6.700.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Beck, Sarah R., and Maria Crilly. "Is understanding regret dependent on developments in counterfactual thinking?" British Journal of Developmental Psychology 27, no. 2 (June 2009): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/026151008x401697.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Epstude, Kai, and Kai J. Jonas. "Regret and Counterfactual Thinking in the Face of Inevitability." Social Psychological and Personality Science 6, no. 2 (August 7, 2014): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550614546048.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Borges, J., D. Borges, A. T. Pereira, A. S. Cabral, J. Azevedo, and A. Macedo. "Bedtime Counterfactual Processing Questionnaire (BCPQ): Validation of the Portuguese version." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): s239—s240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.602.

Full text

Abstract:

IntroductionCounterfactual thinking is a set of mental representations of alternatives to the past actions. When it focuses on personal decisions, the emotion that results is regret, which has important implications for psychological distress (Borges et al., 2015). The Bedtime Counterfactual Processing Questionnaire (BCPQ; Schmidt and Linden, 2009) was developed to assess the frequency of regret-related counterfactual thoughts during the pre-sleep period.ObjectiveTo investigate the psychometric properties of the BCPQ (extended version) Portuguese version.MethodsA community sample composed of 108 university students and 79 employees (78.1% females; mean age = 33.16 ± 13.175; range: 17-62) answered the Portuguese preliminary versions of the BCPQ and Regret Scale (Schwartz et al., 2002). To study the temporal stability, 31 participants (83.9% females; mean age = 26.54 ± 18.761) answered the BCPQ again after 6 weeks.ResultsThe BCPQ2 Cronbach alpha was “very good” (a = 0.81). All the items contributed to the internal consistency. The test-retest correlation coefficient was high, positive and significant (0.78; P = 0.05); there was not significant difference between test and re-test scores [29.87 ± 5.309 vs. 30.13 ± 5.353, t (30) = −0.204, P = 0.840]. Following the Kaiser and the Cattel's Scree Plot criteria, two meaningful factors were extracted which explained variance (EV) was of 65.06%: F1 Regret (EV 43.17%; a = 0.88), F2 low pride (21.88%; a = 0.88). Pearson correlations of EA total score with BCPQ2 and F1 were significant and moderate (r@.50) and with F2 was non-significant.ConclusionsAlthough the Portuguese version of the extended version of BCPQ has good reliability and validity, the low pride-related dimension seems to be relatively independent of regret.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

FitzGibbon, Lily, Asuka Komiya, and Kou Murayama. "The Lure of Counterfactual Curiosity: People Incur a Cost to Experience Regret." Psychological Science 32, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797620963615.

Full text

Abstract:

After you make a decision, it is sometimes possible to seek information about how things would be if you had acted otherwise. We investigated the lure of this counterfactual information, namely, counterfactual curiosity. In a set of five experiments (total N = 150 adults), we used an adapted Balloon Analogue Risk Task with varying costs of information. At a cost, people were willing to seek information about how much they could have won, even though it had little utility and a negative emotional impact (i.e., it led to regret). We explored the downstream effects of seeking information on emotion, behavior adjustment, and ongoing performance, showing that it has little or even negative performance benefit. We also replicated the findings with a large-sample ( N = 361 adults) preregistered experiment that excluded possible alternative explanations. This suggests that information about counterfactual alternatives has a strong motivational lure—people simply cannot help seeking it.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Farina, Gabriele, Christian Kroer, and Tuomas Sandholm. "Online Convex Optimization for Sequential Decision Processes and Extensive-Form Games." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 1917–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33011917.

Full text

Abstract:

Regret minimization is a powerful tool for solving large-scale extensive-form games. State-of-the-art methods rely on minimizing regret locally at each decision point. In this work we derive a new framework for regret minimization on sequential decision problems and extensive-form games with general compact convex sets at each decision point and general convex losses, as opposed to prior work which has been for simplex decision points and linear losses. We call our framework laminar regret decomposition. It generalizes the CFR algorithm to this more general setting. Furthermore, our framework enables a new proof of CFR even in the known setting, which is derived from a perspective of decomposing polytope regret, thereby leading to an arguably simpler interpretation of the algorithm. Our generalization to convex compact sets and convex losses allows us to develop new algorithms for several problems: regularized sequential decision making, regularized Nash equilibria in zero-sum extensive-form games, and computing approximate extensive-form perfect equilibria. Our generalization also leads to the first regret-minimization algorithm for computing reduced-normal-form quantal response equilibria based on minimizing local regrets. Experiments show that our framework leads to algorithms that scale at a rate comparable to the fastest variants of counterfactual regret minimization for computing Nash equilibrium, and therefore our approach leads to the first algorithm for computing quantal response equilibria in extremely large games. Our algorithms for (quadratically) regularized equilibrium finding are orders of magnitude faster than the fastest algorithms for Nash equilibrium finding; this suggests regret-minimization algorithms based on decreasing regularization for Nash equilibrium finding as future work. Finally we show that our framework enables a new kind of scalable opponent exploitation approach.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Hirsch, Alexander Keller. "Regret: A Vital Structure of Critical Engagement in Moral Education." Teaching Ethics 19, no. 1 (2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tej202022872.

Full text

Abstract:

I argue that helping college students to hone their faculty for regret is key to at least three interrelated functions of critical engagement in moral education: 1) empathic unsettlement; 2) counterfactual thinking; and 3) anagnorisis, Aristotle’s term for a tragic and too-late turn in self-awareness. All three functions support an attitude of humility and self-reflection germane to rigorous moral reflection. Though it can be difficult to confront and assume, I argue that claiming regret can help students to catalyze thinking, curiosity, and responsiveness in ways that bear under-explored potential in moral learning. In what follows, I defend regret as a vital structure of moral life, and give several examples of how regret might work to advance moral imagination in the classroom.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Turman, Paul D. "Coaches' Use of Anticipatory and Counterfactual Regret Messages During Competition." Journal of Applied Communication Research 33, no. 2 (May 2005): 116–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00909880500045072.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Hwang, Jin. "The Psychology of Athlete’s Regret: Analytic-Holistic Thinking and Counterfactual." Korean Journal of Sport Psychology 24, no. 4 (November 30, 2013): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14385/kssp.24.4.109.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Krott, Nora Rebekka, and Gabriele Oettingen. "Mental contrasting of counterfactual fantasies attenuates disappointment, regret, and resentment." Motivation and Emotion 42, no. 1 (October 31, 2017): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11031-017-9644-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Park, Jeong-Yeol, and SooCheong (Shawn) Jang. "Did I Get the Best Discount? Counterfactual Thinking of Tourism Products." Journal of Travel Research 57, no. 1 (December 9, 2016): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287516680775.

Full text

Abstract:

Current trends in the tourism industry indicate that most potential travelers purchase tourism products from online travel agents that provide price promotions. Even though the range of price promotions often varies, the tourism literature does not address potential travelers’ perceptions after purchasing products at various discount rates. This study examined the relationships among different discount rates, temporal distance, and counterfactual thinking—a mental undoing of existing outcomes. Results showed that the relationship between discount rate and counterfactual thinking had a U-shaped curve. Furthermore, the shape differed by temporal distance. The optimal discount rate for minimizing counterfactual thinking was 29.62% when the reservation was made 15 days prior to departure but rose to 33.33% when the reservation was made three months prior to departure. This study suggested that counterfactual thinking mediates the relationship between discount rate and perceived regret.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Payir, Ayse, and Robert Guttentag. "Counterfactual thinking and age differences in judgments of regret and blame." Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 183 (July 2019): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2019.02.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Celuch, Kevin, Carl Saxby, and Jill Oeding. "The Influence of Counterfactual Thinking and Regret on Ethical Decision Making." Journal of Education for Business 90, no. 4 (March 16, 2015): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2015.1014455.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Sevdalis, Nick, and Flora Kokkinaki. "The differential effect of realistic and unrealistic counterfactual thinking on regret." Acta Psychologica 122, no. 2 (June 2006): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2005.10.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Grundmann, Felix, Rachel Smallman, and Kai Epstude. "Grandiose narcissism shapes counterfactual thinking (and regret): Direct and indirect evidence." Journal of Research in Personality 99 (August 2022): 104235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2022.104235.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Grabowski, Adam, and Philip Broemer. "I am so glad that we parted! Am I? On attitude representation, counterfactual thinking, and experienced regret." Polish Psychological Bulletin 46, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ppb-2015-0018.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Two studies examined how different linguistic forms affect the way in which people access memories of former close relationships that are irrevocably over. Remembering former relationships can activate either positive or negative attitudes. Whether people feel sorrow that bygones are in fact bygones depends on attitudinal valence, but also on the linguistic form in which people express their attitudes. More abstract linguistic forms prevent people from retrieving specific and detailed memories, and thus prompt them to generating more counterfactual thoughts and to experience stronger regret. In contrast, more concrete linguistic forms lead people to remember their personal past more vividly and accurately, and this subjective impression can forestall counterfactual thinking. Study 2 further shows that people are more prone to generate counterfactual thoughts when they focus on the final stage of their relationships rather than the beginning even when the valence of recalled attitudes and objective time are controlled.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Bouderbala, Rym. "The Direct Role of Anticipated Regret in the Formation of Student’s Entrepreneurial Intention." Journal of Enterprising Culture 27, no. 04 (December 2019): 385–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495819500146.

Full text

Abstract:

The most widely used entrepreneurial intention models explain only cognitive motivational factors. However, psychological studies reveal that emotional factors and counterfactual thinking such as anticipated affect also explain the intention and then behaviour. The objective of this research is to identify the role of anticipated regret in forming students’ entrepreneurial intentions. To test the hypotheses of the conceptual model integrating anticipated regret among the antecedent motivational factors to entrepreneurial intention, a hierarchical regression technique has been adopted. Data have been collected from 266 students in management degree. Our results show that anticipated regret, as well as attitude towards business start-up and perceived behavioural control, have a direct and positive influence on entrepreneurial intention described in the theory of planned behaviour. This study contributes to extend prior cognition-based explanations of the origin of earlier stages in an entrepreneurial journey.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

刘, 琴. "The Research of Regret Psychology Based on the Perspective of Counterfactual Thinking." Advances in Social Sciences 06, no. 03 (2017): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ass.2017.63029.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Hwang, Jin. "The Psychology of Korean·Chinese Swimming Athlete’s Regret : Crosscultural analysis of Counterfactual Thinking." Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies 59 (February 28, 2015): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51979/kssls.2015.02.59.437.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Hwang, Jin. "The Psychology of Korean·Chinese Swimming Athlete’s Regret : Crosscultural analysis of Counterfactual Thinking." Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies 59, no. 1 (February 28, 2015): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51979/kssls.2015.02.59.1.437.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

남궁재은 and Taekyun Hur. "What Korean College Students Regret Most?：The Role of Opportunity in Counterfactual Thinking." 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 23, no. 1 (February 2009): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2009.23.1.011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Tykocinski, Orit E., and Thane S. Pittman. "The consequences of doing nothing: Inaction inertia as avoidance of anticipated counterfactual regret." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75, no. 3 (1998): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.75.3.607.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

한미영, 안서원, and KimJaeHwi. "The Role of Prefactual Thinking and Anticipated Counterfactual Regret in a Losing Investment Decision." 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 23, no. 2 (May 2009): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2009.23.2.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Lee, Hwanwoo, and Rachel E. Sturm. "A sequential choice perspective of postdecision regret and counterfactual thinking in voluntary turnover decisions." Journal of Vocational Behavior 99 (April 2017): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.12.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Rafetseder, Eva, and Josef Perner. "When the alternative would have been better: Counterfactual reasoning and the emergence of regret." Cognition & Emotion 26, no. 5 (August 2012): 800–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2011.619744.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Fogel, Suzanne O'Curry, and Thomas Berry. "The Disposition Effect and Individual Investor Decisions: The Roles of Regret and Counterfactual Alternatives." Journal of Behavioral Finance 7, no. 2 (June 2006): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15427579jpfm0702_5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Litvin, Valentyn, and Charles F. Manski. "Evaluating the maximum regret of statistical treatment rules with sample data on treatment response." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 21, no. 1 (March 2021): 97–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x211000006.

Full text

Abstract:

In this article, we present the wald_tc command, which computes the maximum regret (MR) of a user-specified statistical treatment rule that uses sample data on realized treatment response (and optionally an instrumental variable) to determine a treatment choice for a population. Because the outcomes of counterfactual treatments are not observed and treatment selection in the study population may not be random, decision makers may be able only to partially identify average treatment effects. wald_tc allows users to compute the MR of a proposed statistical treatment rule under a flexible specification of the data-generating process and determines the state that generates MR.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Borges, D., A. T. Pereira, J. Borges, A. S. Cabral, S. Xavier, and A. Macedo. "Portuguese validation of the Version of the Regret Scale." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): s239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.601.

Full text

Abstract:

IntroductionRegret is defined as an aversive negative emotion associated to specific cognitive contents, felt when we consider that our current situation could be better, if we had taken a different decision (Zeelenberg and Pieters 1997). Regret Scale/RS corresponds to the regret-trait dimension of Regret and Maximization Scale developed by Schwartz et al. (2002).ObjectiveTo investigate the psychometric properties of the RS Portuguese version.MethodsA community sample composed of 108 university students and 79 employees (78.1% females; mean age = 33.16 ± 13.175; range: 17-62) answered the Portuguese preliminary versions of the RS and Bedtime Counterfactual Processing Questionnaire (BCPQ) and also the Profile of Mood States to evaluate Negative Affect/NA. To study the temporal stability, 31 participants (83.9% females; mean age = 26.54 ± 18.761) answered the RAFS again after 6 weeks.ResultsThe EA Cronbach alpha was “very good” (a = 0.72). All the items contributed to the internal consistency. The test-retest correlation coefficient was high, positive and significant (0.72; P < 0.001). Following Kaiser and Cattel Scree Plot criteria, only one factor was extracted, meaning that the scale is unidimensional. Pearson correlations of EA and BCPQ2 and NA were significant and high (r@.50).ConclusionsThe Portuguese version of RS has good reliability and validity. It could be very useful both in clinical and research contexts, namely in an ongoing project on the relationship between regret, personality and psychological distress.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

van Dijk, Eric, and Marcel Zeelenberg. "On the psychology of ‘if only’: Regret and the comparison between factual and counterfactual outcomes." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 97, no. 2 (July 2005): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2005.04.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Schmid, Martin, Neil Burch, Marc Lanctot, Matej Moravcik, Rudolf Kadlec, and Michael Bowling. "Variance Reduction in Monte Carlo Counterfactual Regret Minimization (VR-MCCFR) for Extensive Form Games Using Baselines." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 2157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012157.

Full text

Abstract:

Learning strategies for imperfect information games from samples of interaction is a challenging problem. A common method for this setting, Monte Carlo Counterfactual Regret Minimization (MCCFR), can have slow long-term convergence rates due to high variance. In this paper, we introduce a variance reduction technique (VR-MCCFR) that applies to any sampling variant of MCCFR. Using this technique, periteration estimated values and updates are reformulated as a function of sampled values and state-action baselines, similar to their use in policy gradient reinforcement learning. The new formulation allows estimates to be bootstrapped from other estimates within the same episode, propagating the benefits of baselines along the sampled trajectory; the estimates remain unbiased even when bootstrapping from other estimates. Finally, we show that given a perfect baseline, the variance of the value estimates can be reduced to zero. Experimental evaluation shows that VR-MCCFR brings an order of magnitude speedup, while the empirical variance decreases by three orders of magnitude. The decreased variance allows for the first time CFR+ to be used with sampling, increasing the speedup to two orders of magnitude.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Sunwolf. "Decisional Regret Theory: Reducing the Anxiety About Uncertain Outcomes During Group Decision Making Through Shared Counterfactual Storytelling." Communication Studies 57, no. 2 (July 2006): 107–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10510970600666750.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

N'gbala, Ahogni, and Nyla R. Branscombe. "When Does Action Elicit More Regret Than Inaction and Is Counterfactual Mutation the Mediator of This Effect?" Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 33, no. 3 (May 1997): 324–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jesp.1996.1322.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Duffley, Patrick, and Pierre Larrivée. "The use of any with factive predicates." Linguistics 57, no. 1 (January 26, 2019): 195–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2018-0034.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract While Negative Polarity Items are generally ungrammatical in veridical environments (*I said anything), they are known to be found in factive environments that involve veridicality (I regret you said anything). There is however disagreement in the literature about the types of factive environments in which any is found. This paper proposes the first systematic large-scale survey of the use of any with factive predicates. Based on corpora totaling nearly 5 billion words, the paper establishes the relative frequency of any licensed by the different factive predicates (epistemic factives, as well positive, negative and counterexpectative emotives). Negative emotive factives (e.g. regret) were found to license any 1.8 times more frequently than counterexpectative factives (be amazed), which license any 25.8 times more than do positive emotives (be glad). Emotive factives are associated with counterfactual preferences and expectations that make available a negative reading that licenses any. The examination of the data does not support a rescuing analysis that separates these occurrences of any from other licensed uses. On the contrary, the data show that any is licensed by at-issue meaning, as proposed by (Horn, Laurence. 2016. Licensing NPIs: Some negative (and positive) results. In Pierre Larrivée & Chungmin Lee (eds.), Negation and polarity. Experimental and cognitive perspectives, 281–305. Dordrecht: Springer.).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Djulbegovic, Benjamin, Athanasios Tsalatsanis, Rahul Mhaskar, Iztok Hozo, Branko Miladinovic, and Howard Tuch. "Improving Hospice Referral: Application of Regret-Based Decision Modeling at End-of-Life Care." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.535.535.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Introduction: Terminally ill patients are often faced with the decision to forgo potentially life-prolonging treatment or to accept hospice care leading to a peaceful death. The decision process in such situations is heavily affected by emotions, chief among them is regret. Modern cognitive science increasingly accepts a dual processing approach to human cognition which takes into account both emotion-based (type 1) and analytical-based (type 2) cognitive processing. Because regret is a human emotion (type 1), which involves counterfactual deliberations (type 2), we have previously proposed that it can activate both cognitive domains by serving as a link between type 1 and type 2 processes and therefore help with end of life decisions more precisely than other decision making methodologies. Here, we report the application of a regret-based model built to facilitate referral to hospice while helping patients clarify their preferences related to how they wish to spend the remaining days of their lives. Methods: Between March 2013 to December 2015, we conducted a prospective cohort study at the Tampa General Hospital and the Moffitt Cancer Center that enrolled 178 consecutive adult patients aware of the terminal nature of their disease. Eligible patients were those who were at the point in their care where they had to decide between continuing potentially "curative/life-prolonging" treatment (Rx) or accepting hospice care. The study was broken down into 4 steps. First, we computed the patient's probability of survival at 6 months using a validated Palliative Performance Score (PPS-based) predictive model. This probability was communicated to patients as i. percentage, ii. pictorial, and iii. life expectancy in days. Then, we used the Dual Visual Analog Scale technique (DVAS) to elicit patient preferences towards continuing current treatment vs. accepting hospice care. The first scale in DVAS measured the levels of regret of omission (RGO) (e.g. failure to reap hospice benefits and incurring treatment harms) while the second scale measured regret of commission (RGC) (e.g. incurring harms from hospice and failing to provide potential benefits of treatment). The ratio RGO/RGC was used to compute the threshold probability at which a patient is indifferent between accepting hospice care or continuing current treatment. Each patient's threshold was contrasted against the previously estimated survival probability to suggest a patient specific management plan, which was later compared with the patient's actual choice. The final step of the study involved asking each patient a series of qualitative questions to evaluate the usefulness of the regret model in the hospice referral process. Results: 96% (171/178) of the patients found the information provided by the model helpful; 90% (160/178) stated that it will influence their care decision. 85% (151/178) of the patients agreed with the model's recommendations to either accept hospice care or continue with current treatment [p<0.000001]. The regret model predicted the actual choices for 72% (128/178) of patients [p <0.00001]. Logistic regression analysis showed that people who were initially inclined to be referred to hospice and were predicted to choose hospice over disease-directed treatment by the regret model had close to 98% probability of choosing hospice care at the end of their lives. No other factors (age, gender, race, educational status and pain level) affected the patient actual choice. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first formal study in which helping patient clarify their preferences enabled them to make actual choices with high level of satisfaction. The regret model was well received by patients and its recommendations were largely accepted. We found that people suffering from a terminal disease who are initially inclined to choose hospice and do not regret such a choice will select hospice care with high level of certainty. We conclude that using the regret model to elicit patient choices is both descriptively and prescriptively valid and can be easily implemented in the actual practice. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Zeelenberg, Marcel, Wilco W. van Dijk, Joop van der Pligt, Antony S. R. Manstead, Pepijn van Empelen, and Dimitri Reinderman. "Emotional Reactions to the Outcomes of Decisions: The Role of Counterfactual Thought in the Experience of Regret and Disappointment." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 75, no. 2 (August 1998): 117–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/obhd.1998.2784.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Davis, Trevor, Kevin Waugh, and Michael Bowling. "Solving Large Extensive-Form Games with Strategy Constraints." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 1861–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33011861.

Full text

Abstract:

Extensive-form games are a common model for multiagent interactions with imperfect information. In two-player zerosum games, the typical solution concept is a Nash equilibrium over the unconstrained strategy set for each player. In many situations, however, we would like to constrain the set of possible strategies. For example, constraints are a natural way to model limited resources, risk mitigation, safety, consistency with past observations of behavior, or other secondary objectives for an agent. In small games, optimal strategies under linear constraints can be found by solving a linear program; however, state-of-the-art algorithms for solving large games cannot handle general constraints. In this work we introduce a generalized form of Counterfactual Regret Minimization that provably finds optimal strategies under any feasible set of convex constraints. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm for finding strategies that mitigate risk in security games, and for opponent modeling in poker games when given only partial observations of private information.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Seo, Yeon-hee, and Jin Hwang. "Is Regret Experienced and Attribution Differently Across Cultures?: Comparative Study on the Failure Attribution and Counterfactual Thinking between Korean and Chinese Elite Swimming Athletes." Korean Journal of Sport Psychology 29, no. 2 (May 31, 2018): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14385/kssp.29.2.53.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Khanin, Dmitry, and Ofir Turel. "No Regrets? Entrepreneurs’ Counterfactual Emotions." Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, no. 1 (July 2012): 17801. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.17801abstract.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Broomhall, Anne Gene, Wendy J. Phillips, and Peter Walla. "Self-referent upward counterfactuals and depression: Examining regret as a mediator." Cogent Psychology 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1416884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2017.1416884.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!