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Academic literature on the topic 'Couches minces mésoporeux'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Couches minces mésoporeux"
Boucherif, Abderraouf. "Elaboration de pseudosubstrats accordables en paramètre de maille à base de silicium mésoporeux pour l'hétéroépitaxie." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0082/these.pdf.
Full textThis work assesses the potentiality of Porous Silicon (PS) as a mechanical straining substrate for modifying the lattice parameter of IV-IV semiconductor thin films (Si or SiGe). The aim is either to tune the optoelectronic properties of the thin film, or to adapt the film lattice parameter to that of other materials like SiGe, Ge, or GaAs. Such a film can be used as a seed layer for the heteroepitaxial growth of lattice mismatched materials such as SiGe, Ge or GaAs on silicon with a high crystalline quality. In short, the (thin film) / (porous silicon) heterostructure constitutes a « lattice tunable virtual substrate » obtained from a low cost substrate, viz, the porous silicon. The development of a “two wafers technique” has been a true breakthrough as it made it possible to obtain a IV-IV semiconductor film as thin as 50 nm, with large lateral dimension (2"), strictly constant thickness, exempt of structural defects and with a perfectly smooth and clean surface. Moreover, this ultra-thin film can be easily handled and its lateral dimension is only dependant on the diameter of the anodization cell. Low temperature thermal oxidation of the bulk porous Si substrate induces its volume expansion, which leads to a straining of the thin film on top. The control of oxidation parameters allows obtaining highly strained (above 1%) films without any structural defects. The technique makes the film lattice in-plane parameter closer to that of Ge or GaAs, which is a step forward toward their integration on silicon
Quoizola, Sébastien. "Epitaxie en phase vapeur de silicium sur silicium mésoporeux pour report sur substrats économiques et application photovoltai͏̈que bas coût." Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0078/these.pdf.
Full textThin film solar cells by layer transfer process is a very promising way to reduce material cost in photovoltaïc industry. The aim of this study is to transfer thin silicon layers (50 µm) on cheap substrate. In order to warranty a highly conversion efficiency, monocrystalline silicon is required. Thin monocrystalline silicon film is grown on mesoporous silicon by vapor phase epitaxy. The porous silicon layer presents a double porosity structure and acts as both a seeding layer and a sacrificial layer. During hydrogen high temperature annealing, pores are coarsened in the low porosity layer and enlarged in the high porosity layer. These structural modifications allow the growth of the epitaxial silicon layer and its separation from the silicon substrate. As obtained thin silicon film serves as the active layer in an one side solar cell with interdigited contacts. Substrate can be then re-used for a novel thin silicon film
Yan, Minhao. "Etude par diffusion des rayons X et microscopie à force atomique de films minces mésoporeux et de l'orientation de leur porosité." Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1002.pdf.
Full textThis work reports with the production of mesotructured/mesoporous silica thin films comprising micelles/pores aligned by confinement within the walls of a nanograting. . The mesostructured films were formed by the evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) route using a surfactant to template silica at the molecular scale. The device has potential for orientated nanowires, sensor arrays and optoelectronic devices. An important consideration for any optoelectronic device based on mesoporous materials is the change in electrical properties (e. G. Surface conductance) due to the adsorption of water. The mesoporous silica films facilitate the capillary condensation of water at ambient relative humidity. Thus, the interaction of water vapour on the walls of the mesoporous silica films was studied at room temperature between 20% and 70% relative humidity (RH). As the electron density contrast between the silica framework and pores decreases strongly when water infiltrates the pores, X-ray reflectometry was used to track the entry/exit of water in the network at high/low relative humidity, The pore size distribution and the porosity of the films were obtained. A grating with periods less than 500 nm was used to align the micelles. These particular gratings were produced by the Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology whereby a silicon layer of nominal thickness of 55 nm was deposited on a 145 nm thick thermally grown silicon oxide. The gratings used in this work have a line spacing of 450nm with lines of 150nm width, grooves of 300nm width and a depth of 55nm. The scattering behavior of the substrate was studied in non coplanar geometry by grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). X-ray scattering techniques and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to charcterise the film within the grating to nanometric resolution. The p6m 2D hexagonal symmetry of the film was revealed by in-plane analysis using GISAXS. AFM operating in tapping mode was used to visualize the structure on the surface of the film. An important part of this work was to characterize the topography of the film. A protocol for chemically etching a film to reveal the morphology as a function of depth of these films was developed. The etching of mesoporous silica thin films was achieved by using an aqueous solution of 0. 1 mol dm-3 NaOH. The effect of the etching was monitored by X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and by atomic force microscopy. The etching procedure, although destructive, revealed the orientation of the mesochannels within the grating
Grunenwald, Anthony. "Dépôt et caractérisation de couches minces diélectriques poreuses à porosité ordonnée obtenues par voies sol-gel et plasma." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENCM0004/document.
Full textThis thesis is dealing with the challenging preparation and integration of porous dielectric materials with ultra low permittivity (ULK) for interconnections in microelectronic devices. This study focuses on synthesis of hydrophobic ULK thin layers with ordered and isolated porosity obtained by sol-gel. An improvement in mechanical properties and a decrease of the impurities migration in the heart of the bulk are expected. Hydrophobic and mesostructured ULK (k < 2.2) materials have been obtained by sol-gel after removal of porogen mesophases by thermal treatment and for the first time under UV irradiation. Mesostructural and microstructural properties of the layers were discussed with regard to the porosity and mechanical properties. The electrical and gas permeation measurements were also discussed in the framework of their possible applications as ULK materials and gas separation membranes, respectively. Using PECVD, styrene-based polymers, have been synthesized and also characterized in terms of mechanical and gas separation properties
Tutashkonko, Sergii. "Élaboration du Ge mésoporeux et étude de ses propriétés physico-chimiques en vue d'applications photovoltaïques." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6145.
Full textCrespo-Monteiro, Nicolas. "Photochromisme de films mésoporeux d'oxyde de titane dopés argent appliqué au stockage de données." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STET4027.
Full textSilver species adsorbed on colloidal titania have been known for a long time to exhibit photochromism. The color change is due to the reduction of silver salts from metallic nanoparticles under UV illumination and oxidation of these latters under visible illumination. Recently, a new functionality inducing multicolor photochromism has been reported in nanocomposite materials constituted by silver nanoparticles introduced in nanoporous titania film. In this dissertation, we study the influence of mesoporous titania matrix with controlled pores sizes on the photochromisrn behavior of such films. We show that the films porosity allows to control the formed particles under UV illumination and that is possible to bleach the photo-induced patterns with a monochromatic visible light although usually this type of illumination color the film. The utilization of these materials allows also to sensibly improve the temporal stability of photo-induced inscriptions, which allows to use them as rewritable data carriers. We demonstrate also that above an intensity threshold, it is possible to inscribe permanent pattern with an UV or visible illumination, which allows to use these films like permanent data carriers. Finally, in the last part, we show that it is possible to photo-induce in visible light dichroic color highly reflective without prior reduction of silver salts
Mejri, Eya. "Revêtement intelligent à base des silices mésoporeuses fonctionnalisées pour le relargage stimulé d'agents antimicrobiens." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27248.
Full textBacterial biofilms are composed of single-cell organisms living within a protective matrix formed from natural macromolecules. Unwanted biofilms may have a number of adverse consequences such as reducing heat transfer in heat exchangers, obstruction of porous membranes, surface contamination ships hulls etc. In addition, pathogenic bacteria growing in a biofilm also pose a health hazard when this kind of film is found attached to biomedical implants, catheters, or on contact lenses. The presence of biofilms is difficult to treat because the bacteria are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents. In an attempt to address these problems, we propose to develop an antifouling surface which releases on demand antimicrobial agents in the presence of a biofilm. The proximity and the positioning of the delivery system of bioactive agents under the biofilm will ensure a more efficient use of antimicrobial molecules and minimize side effects of the latter. To do this, we consider the use of layers of colloidal particles of meso-porous silica as delivery agents of antimicrobial agents. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (NPS Ms) have demonstrated a strong potential for targeted delivery of therapeutic and bioactive agents. Their use in nanomedicine stems from their interesting properties of porosity, the size and the adjustable shape of these particles, their surface chemistry providing a great flexibility for various functionalizations. Moreover, it is possible to load them with various molecules or biomolecules (of various sizes, ranging from ibuprofen to RNA), and exert fine control of the adsorption parameters and release kinetics (desorption). These particles also demonstrate excellent biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. Keywords : biofilm, mesoporous nanosilica particles, microfluidics, antifouling surfaces.
Leroy, Céline Marie. "Films mésoporeux de TiO2 ou ZrO2 dopés EuIII : de la localisation des ions EuIII à l’étude des corrélations entre les propriétés de luminescence et la réactivité de surface." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13906/document.
Full textMaterials contemporary scientific research is largely devoted to the optimization and the elaboration of new poly-functional, multi-structured and size-reduced materials. Then, specific behaviors due to the different interfacial aspects of those materials – physical interfaces between different matter states, different chemical phases… or properties interfaces – have become a major issue requiring further investigations. In this context, our work deals with correlations that could be established between luminescence properties and surface reactivity of EuIII-doped metal oxide mesoporous thin films. As properties can be linked to materials structure, an important part of our work has been dedicated to structural characterization. EuIII ions incorporation specific effects and ions location within film walls have been particularly studied. Finally, it appeared that EuIII ions luminescence could provide a mean to follow redox reactions occurring within pores, such as organic compounds photo-degradation or metallic salts photo-reduction. In situ photo-reduction can lead to periodic arrays of metallic nanoparticles. La photo-réduction in situ permet la formation de réseaux périodiques de nanoparticules métalliques. Those materials can open up the way in many applications such as optical telecommunication, photonics, photocatalysis…
Tutashkonko, Sergii. "Élaboration du Ge mésoporeux et étude de ses propriétés physico-chimiques en vue d’applications photovoltaïques." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0097.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the development of the new nanomaterial by bipolar electrochemical etching (BEE) - the mesoporous Ge and analysis of its physico-chemical properties for use in photovoltaic applications. The formation of mesoporous Ge by electrochemical etching has been previously reported in the literature. However, the important technological barrier of existing manufacturing processes was to obtain thick layers (above 500 nm) of the mesoporous Ge with perfectly controlled morphology. Indeed, the physico-chemical characterization of thin layers is much more complicated and the number of possible applications is very limited. We have developed an electrochemical model that describes the main mechanisms of formation of pores which allowed us to produce thick mesoporous structures of Ge (up to 10 um) with adjustable porosity in a range of 15% to 60% . In addition, the formation of porous nanostructures with well-controlled variable morphologies has now become possible. Finally, the mastery of these parametres has opened the extremely promising path towards the realization of porous multilayer structures based on Ge for many innovative and multidisciplinary applications. In particular, in the context of this thesis, the mesoporous layers of Ge were optimized for the purpose of performing a layer transfer process of a triple-junction solar cell via a sacrificial layer of porous Ge
Zimny, Kévin. "Cristaux liquides, empreinte pour la préparation de matériaux mésoporeux organisés : application à la synthèse d'oxyde de titane nanocristallin." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10111/document.
Full textThis work deals with the preparation of mesoporous materials from fluorinated liquid crystals via the LCT mechanism. Synthesis parameters have been optimized for the preparation of ordered mesoporous silica with the hexagonal H1 phase of water/C8F17C2H4(OCH2CH2)9OH system. Results show a correlation between pore diameters of materials and hydrophobic diameters measured in liquid crystals. According to the coprecipitation method, incorporation of TiO2 in a silica matrix, synthesized using micelles (via the cooperative templating mechanism CTM) or the hexagonal phase of C8F17C2H4(OCH2CH2)9OH/water system (via liquid crystal templating mechanism LCT). Both pathways lead to a loss of mesopore ordering and a decrease of the specific surface area when titania content increases. If materials are prepared via CTM mechanism TiO2 is present on the surface whereas TiO2 is in the bulk when LCT mechanism is used. Mesoporous thin films have been prepared via EISA method. Grazing incidence small angle X-Ray scattering and reflectivity analysis have been used to define the structure of films and the thickness of the different layers. Finally an original method has been developed for the preparation of ordered titania mesoporous materials. Precipitation of titania in the hybrid mesophase is activated by a NH3 treatment. The structure is preserved after calcination step which allow the formation of TiO2 anatase. Photocatalytic activity of these materials has been tested on the photodegradation of methylorange