Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Couches minces ferroélectriques – Propriétés électroniques'
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Aoujgal, Ahmed. "Etude des propriétés physico-chimiques et électroniques de matériaux ferroélectriques sous forme de céramiques et de films minces en vue d'applications radiofréquences et microondes." Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0285.
Full textThe main objective of this work is to design, implement and optimize tunable materials for electronic applications at high frequencies. The easiest component to build on this study is the tunable capacitor with a voltage which can then be integrated into microwave devices such as tunable or reconfigurable resonators, filters, antennas. . . Etc. The capacitor can be either thin film or ceramic-based. To produce such components we must use materials which must have low dielectric loss, high dielectric permittivity, high tunability and stability of the resonant frequency of the capacitor with the temperature. For this, we conducted a detailed study of classical and relaxor ferroelectric materials in order, firstly to optimize the synthesis conditions, and secondly to improve their electrical properties for radiofrequencies and microwave applications. We have studied ferroelectric materials with perovskite phase, namely barium titanate strontium (BST) which is a classical ferroelectric and barium zirconium (BZT) which according to its composition can be a classical ferroelectric or relaxor ferroelectric and the derivatives of BaZr0. 1Ti0. 9O3 obtained by substituting bismuth and zinc-niobium respectively at A and B sites of the perovskite phase. We also synthesized and characterized the pyrochlore phase materials of bismuth zinc niobate, with composition of Bi1. 5ZnNb1. 5O7. The studies we have done range from the development of these materials in the form of ceramics and thin films, followed by characterizations to determine their physico-chemical properties, structural dielectric and ferroelectric in a range wide of frequencies and temperature
Bruyer, Emilie. "Propriétés structurales, électroniques et ferroélectriques de systèmes Ln₂Ti₂O₇ (Ln=lanthanides) et d'hétérostructures SrTiO₃ / BiFeO₃." Thesis, Artois, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ARTO0401/document.
Full textIn this work, first-principles calculations and experimental measurements have been done in order to investiguate the structural, electroniq and ferroelectric properties of Ln2Ti2O7 (Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Gd) and BiFeO3 oxydes. Calculations on La2Ti2O7 and Nd2Ti2O7 confirmed their ferroelectricity. Other oxydes belonging to the Ln2Ti2O7 family have also been investigated. The results showed an enhancement of the spontaneous polarization within these compounds compared to that of La2Ti2O7 and Nd2Ti2O7. The second part of this work is related to the structural and ferroelectric properties of bismuth ferrite BiFeO3. The evolution of its properties when undergoing an epitaxial strain have been investigated by ab initio calculations and piezoresponse force microscopy measurements on thin films deposited on a (001)-SrTiO3 substrate. Our results showed a modification of the inner structure of BiFeO3 under stain, leading to a continuous reorientation of the spontaneous polarization vector towards [001]. The third part of our study consists in the computational design and synthesis of (SrTiO3)n(BiFeO3)m superlattices. Our calculations showed that epitaxial strain imposed to the superlattice brings a further control of physical properties of BiFeO3 as compared with its behaviour when deposited alone in a thin film. PFM analysis showed a decrease of the coercive field for STO/LNO/(STO)n(BFO)m superlattices as compared with those measured on STO/BFO bi-layers and on BiFeO3 thin films
Leclerc, Gérald. "Etude et caractérisations de films minces de PLZT orientés : influence de la composition sur les propriétés ferroélectriques." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2010.
Full textThis thesis deals with the elaboration of <111>-oriented PLZT thin films and with the characterizations of their structural and electrical properties. Materials such as (Pb,La) (Zr,Ti)O3 (PLZT) are also attractive because the modulation of the ferroelectric properties may be achieved by changing the amount of La dopant or by varying the Zr/Ti ratio. Thin films were deposited on Si-based substrate covered with <111> Pt. An ultra thin TiO2 layer is deposited prior to PLZT in order to obtain predominant <111> orientation. In a first step, experimental process was optimized by studying the influence of key deposition parameters, film thickness and orientation on the electrical and microstructural properties of these films. A RF multi-target sputtering technique was used and allowed the study of the whole PLZT phase diagram. The main objective is to reach high dielectric permittivity. Dielectric constant of 2100 and capacitance density of 72nF/mm² were obtained with the composition PLZT 22/28/72. To investigate the role of the substrate, PLZT films were also deposited on monocristalline-based substrates (LaAlO3/Pt and MgO/Pt). Strong modifications of thin film properties were obtained, polarisation of 47µC/cm² and permittivity of 3300 were measured depending of the chosen composition. Compared to Si/Pt substrate, such behaviour may be explained by a different configuration of the ferroelectric domain related to the epitaxial strain
Leroy, Floriane. "Etude des propriétés électro-optiques des couches minces de Ba1-xSrxTiO3 pour la modulation optique." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749716.
Full textLacroix, Carine. "Etude des mélanges de polymères semi-conducteur / ferroélectrique en films minces : application en électronique organique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0315/document.
Full textIn this thesis, the mesostructure and the electric/photoelectric behavior of ferroelectric/semi-conductor polymer blends in thin films have been studied for organic electronic applications. The semi-conductivity property of P3HT was associated with the ferroelectricity of P(VDF-TrFe) in one active layer. It has been observed that the intrinsic properties of both materials remained with the bi-continous morphology of these thin films. Memory devices were fabricated based on the 10 % P3HT – 90 % P(VDF-TrFe) active layer and the modulation of the injection properties by the ferroelectric field has been studied. We have also demonstrated that the P3HT/P(VDF-TrFe) thin films exhibit optoelectronic properties which depend on the polarization state of P(VDF-TrFe). The influence of the ferroelectric field on the photogeneration of charges of P3HT and the variation of the photocurrent with the polarization state of P(VDF-TrFe) were determined
Chmielowski, Radoslaw. "Bicouche oxyde ferroélectrique / oxyde conducteur Bi3. 25La0. 75Ti3O12 / Sr4Ru2O9 : élaboration par ablation laser, caractérisations structurales et propriétés électrique." Toulon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUL0007.
Full textBilayers ferroelectric oxide / conductive oxide, Bi3. 25La0. 75Ti3O12 (BLT) / Sr4Ru2O9 / Si[100] were elaborated by pulsed laser deposition. Structural characterizations were done by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction; electrical properties were measured by impedance spectroscopy and Van der Pauw’s method. It is the first time that Sr4Ru2O9 is elaborated as thin films. We have shown that Sr4Ru2O9 is a conductive oxide at high temperature and has a semiconductor behavior at low temperature. The BLT thin films have polarization out of the substrate plane. Thick films of the BLT have polarization in the plane, which corresponds to a preferential orientation (00l). An intermediate layer, based on SrTiO3, between the substrate oxide Sr4Ru2O9 and the layer of BLT, was highlighted by electron microscopy. This phase grows at the cost of the ferroelectric material
Henning, Xavier. "Optoelectronic properties of Bi2FeCrO6 ferroelectric thin films." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAE009.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the optoelectronic properties of promising Bi2FeCrO6 (BFCO)-based ferroelectric thin films. To achieve this, local characterizations were carried out in conjunction with macroscopic characterizations. Particular attention was paid to the influence of oxygen vacancies on photovoltaic and ferroelectric properties.BFCO thin films systematically appear as p-type semiconductors, due to Bi, Fe and Cr vacancies, forming a pn junction with a Nb:SrTiO3 substrate and a low-barrier Schottky junction with a La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 substrate. For an out-of-plane electrode geometry, the photovoltaic behavior of these samples appears to be dominated by their respective junction. In addition, the direction of the ferroelectric polarization would modify the electronic structure at the interface, favouring a greater conductivity and a higher photovoltaic current generation for an “up” polarization state. In addition, the introduction of donor electronic levels into the band-gap by the oxygen vacancies would greatly reduce the “p”-type character of the BFCO layers, significantly reducing conductivity. This would also considerably increase the rate of recombination of chare carriers generated by the photovoltaic effect and greatly reduce their mobility. A difference in conductivity and photovoltaic current of up to several orders of magnitude was observed for a lower concentration of oxygen vacancies.The direction of the ferroelectric polarization and the concentration of oxygen vacancies appear to be two fundamental parameters governing the optoelectronic properties of BFCO thin films
Tournier, Jérôme. "Modélisation des propriétés ferroélectriques des films minces." Valenciennes, 2002. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1db16358-e4e3-4379-9a92-412beacdbd13.
Full textThis work describes a numerical model that is used to explain ferroelectric thin films properties, and particularly PZT thin films ones. Our model is based on the Landau theory and uses the technique of finite differences. Many options are studied, each one based on the way the Poisson's equation is written. One of them supposed the presence of polarization's charges, and another supposed that the permittivity is not uniform in the film. With this last hypothesis, and if we take good limit's conditions of the polarization on the electrodes interfaces, the model can explain the influence of thickness's films on ferroelectric properties. A two-dimensional approach, which consists in limiting the electrode size by considering that the electrode does not cover the whole film's surface, has been carried out
Fillon, Raphaël. "Etude des propriétés électroniques de couches minces de CZTSSe." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI049/document.
Full textThis PhD work aims at studying the electronic properties of thin films CZTSSe solar cells. The final purpose is to identify crystallographic defects and determine their influence on the solar cells behavior in order to improve the efficiency and make CZTSSe competitive with other thin film technologies. The first part of the work deals with the fabrication of the CZTSSe thin films and solar cells. CZTSSe is synthetized using a two step process : vacuum deposition of precursors followed by an annealing under selenium atmosphere. The second part of the PhD work is the electrical characterization of the cells in the dark. Capacitance versus voltage measurements and admittance measurements are carried out at different temperatures. The results cannot be fully explained by usual models. As a consequence, further analysis has been conducted in a third part. Admittance has been calculated based on the classical equations that describe charge carriers in semi-conductor. The first interpretation only takes into account the contribution of defects. When the influence of potential fluctuations is added to the model, the adjustment between experimental measurements and calculated data is improved. However, a third component has to be included to fit the CZTSSe dielectric response. This component, causing a power variation of the conductivity with frequency is related to hopping mechanism. Adding this contribution to the admittance calculation allows to show that the CZTSSe conductivity is dominated by a localized states transport and can explain the low conductivity value
Boukhicha, Mohamed. "Propriétés électroniques et vibrationnelles de couches ultra-minces de MoS2." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066234.
Full textTwo-dimensional (2D) materials are a new class of materials with interesting physical properties and applications such as nanoelectronics and photonics. In this work, we have investigated the vibrational and electronic properties of mono and few layer MoS2. Nano-layers were fabricated by anodic bonding technique on glass substrate providing high quality samples. Different characterizations were carried out using near field scanning microscopy under ambient conditions. We also have measured phonons in single layer, few layers and bulk MoS2 using single and multiple phonon Raman scattering and off and on resonance conditions. In addition, we have detailed primary and secondary shearing and compression modes in MoS2. We found out that compression modes represent an overriding optical phonon contribution to the intrinsic thermal conductivity of MoS2 flakes, a crucial aspect of any use of these in future nano or microelectronic devices. Raman measurements were therefore supported by the DFT calculations. Transport measurements brighten up the high levels of doping achieved in anodic bonding devices, and enable the observation of a metal/insulator transition. Magnetoresistance measurements provide evidence of the weak localization effect in MoS2 nanolayers
Cima, Lionel. "Caractérisation et modélisation des couches minces de céramiques ferroélécriques." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0033.
Full textNadji, Bécharia. "Etude des proriétés électroniques de couches ultra minces de silice anodique : influence de la température de recuit." Grenoble 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE10008.
Full textLiebus, Stéphanie. "Couches minces ferroélectriques appliquées aux dispositifs microondes accordables en fréquence." Limoges, 2003. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/f761bfc9-1672-4a76-8ffd-fa7d7eac4c9a/blobholder:0/2003LIMO0052.pdf.
Full textRazumnaya, Anna. "Propriétés dynamiques des couches minces et des super-réseaux ferroélectriques contrôlées par la contrainte." Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0009.
Full textWe investigate near- and sub-Terahertz dynamics of soft and Debye-type central modes by the polarized Raman spectroscopy in ferroelectric BaTiO3/BaxSr1-xTiO3 superlattices in a broad temperature range. Coexistence of the central peak and the underdamped soft mode suggests complicated order-disorder character of successive phase transitions in these superlattices. The occurrence of the pronounced central mode can explain the recently observed relaxor-like dielectric anomaly in such superlattices. We explore and compare the lattice dynamics of three-layer and two-layer superlattices. We show that the using layers of different chemical compositions in multilayered superlattices one can obtain heterostructures with the desirable characteristics and realize fine tuning of their parameters due to strain effects between alternating layers.We construct the “temperature-misfit strain” theoretical phase diagrams for BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films grown on (111)-oriented cubic substrates. The phase diagrams are useful for practical applications in thin-film engineering. We experimentally investigate a Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 thin film deposited on (111)MgO substrate with the aim to verify our theoretical predictions. We study the field-induced polarization reversal in the c-oriented ferroelectric phase of strained perovskite films. We show that in addition to the conventional longitudinal switching mechanism, when the c-oriented polarization vector changes its modulus, the longitudinal-transversal and transversal mechanisms when the perpendicular component of polarization is dynamically admixed are possible
Razumnaya, Anna. "Propriétés dynamiques des couches minces et des super-réseaux ferroélectriques contrôlées par la contrainte." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0009.
Full textWe investigate near- and sub-Terahertz dynamics of soft and Debye-type central modes by the polarized Raman spectroscopy in ferroelectric BaTiO3/BaxSr1-xTiO3 superlattices in a broad temperature range. Coexistence of the central peak and the underdamped soft mode suggests complicated order-disorder character of successive phase transitions in these superlattices. The occurrence of the pronounced central mode can explain the recently observed relaxor-like dielectric anomaly in such superlattices. We explore and compare the lattice dynamics of three-layer and two-layer superlattices. We show that the using layers of different chemical compositions in multilayered superlattices one can obtain heterostructures with the desirable characteristics and realize fine tuning of their parameters due to strain effects between alternating layers.We construct the “temperature-misfit strain” theoretical phase diagrams for BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films grown on (111)-oriented cubic substrates. The phase diagrams are useful for practical applications in thin-film engineering. We experimentally investigate a Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 thin film deposited on (111)MgO substrate with the aim to verify our theoretical predictions. We study the field-induced polarization reversal in the c-oriented ferroelectric phase of strained perovskite films. We show that in addition to the conventional longitudinal switching mechanism, when the c-oriented polarization vector changes its modulus, the longitudinal-transversal and transversal mechanisms when the perpendicular component of polarization is dynamically admixed are possible
Tajani, Antonella. "Propriétés structurales, électroniques et optiques des couches minces de diamant dopées n." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE10059.
Full textDavid, Adrian. "Propriétés structurales et électroniques de couches minces liées aux interfaces entre perovskites." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN2055.
Full textOxides are the subject of numerous studies in the field of the chemistry of materials. The synthesis of thin films can lead to materials which can not be stabilized using classical ways of synthesis. Those materials can present original physical and structural properties resulting from the control of the electronical interactions at the interfaces. This thesis is at the boundary between solid chemistry and condensed matter. The manuscript is focused on the synthesis, the microstructure and the physical properties of functional oxide thin films. Two different studies are described. First the synthesis and the characterization of the BiCrO3 compound are studied. This material is placed in the context of the multiferroic compounds as BiFeO3 and BiMnO3. A microstructural study realised by transmission electronic microscopy revealed the presence of several crystallographic forms in the same phase. Two phases are identified as the high and low temperature phases described in the bulk. A third variant, unidentified yet, is presented as an adaptation phase generated by the substrate induced strains. A second is devoted to the study of the LaVO3/SrVO3 system, synthesized in the form of superlattices. This system is strongly correlated and it can present a metallic behaviour according to the synthesis conditions. The thin films show an unexpected ferromagnetic behaviour. Those two studies are based on a complete structural study which allows the understanding of the mechanism of interesting physical properties
Reymond, Vincent. "Nouvelles couches minces et multicouches dérivées de BaTiO₃ : optimisation des propriétés diélectriques." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12858.
Full textLimousin, Périg. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés dynamiques des films minces ferroélectriques de Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 réalisés par voie chimique." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT2083.
Full textFerroelectric thin films of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) have been prepared by chemical solution deposition (CSD) and have been processed on metal substrates. The electrical properties of the films have been analyzed by a Sawyer-Tower circuit and by a pulse polarisation inversion method as a function of the fabrication route parameters, like the lead excess, the PZT crystallization temperature, the Zr/Ti ratio, and the existence or non-existence of an additional conducting layer of ruthenium oxide (RuO2) at the PZT/substrate interface
Tokumoto, Miriam Sanae. "Etude struturale des précurseurs, intermédiaires et colloi͏̈des dérivés de l'acétate de zinc et propriétés électriques, optiques et structurales des couches minces d'oxyde de zinc dopé au indium." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0037.
Full textRothman, Johan. "Etude des propriétés structurales, électroniques et magnétiques des couches minces épitaxiées de cerium." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10019.
Full textReymond, Vincent. "Nouvelles couches minces et multicouches dérivées de BaTiO3 : optimisation des propriétés diélectriques." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011717.
Full textBeaufrand, Jean-Baptiste. "Couches minces de phthalocyanine, de l’électronique organique vers l’électronique moléculaire." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6083.
Full textThis thesis works involves the realization of devices including phthalocyanine molecules for the purpose of studying their electrical properties, with the perspective of combining them with magnetic interconnects, for studying their spin dependent behavior. The studies cover the conduction regimes corresponding to organic electronics to molecular electronics, aiming at realizing molecular spintronics devices. In a first step, we fabricate and characterize phthalocyanine thin films deposited under ultra high vacuum conditions, and make organic transistors for the purpose of determining the intrinsic basic electrical characteristics of our phthalocyanine films. To understand the mechanisms of spin injection into organic molecules, we present a preliminary study of spin valve devices realization, where we probe the interface between a metal substrate (Cu (001), Co (001)) and the first monolayers of manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) by XAS and XMCD. This allows us to assess the impact of the interface MnPc/Co on spintronics properties. For electrical measurements at the molecular level, we first develop and characterize the necessary nanoscale tools. By using Au electrodes at reference, we successfully realize ferromagnetic Ni electrodes connected or separated by a few atoms, in order to achieve a molecular spin valve. Our magnetoresistance measurements at low temperatures on Ni contacts show that resonant states result in preferred conduction paths. Finally, the study of a molecular system (Au-CoPc-Au) is achieved, demonstrating low-temperature quantum effects like Coulomb blockade and Kondo resonance
Quenneville, Éric. "Propriétés électroniques des couches minces de La¦0[indice],¦5Sr¦0[indice],¦5MnO¦3." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0015/MQ48869.pdf.
Full textCásek, Petr. "Propriétés électroniques d'oxydes de métaux de transition." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112015.
Full textIn this work we report results of our theoretical studies of the electronic properties of two different types of transition metal oxides. In the first part, we concentrate on the structural and electronic properties of SrTiO3 overlayers on MgO(001) using density functional theory (DFT) within the local density approximation (LDA). In particular, we show that only the TiO2/MgO contact is thermodynamically stable, and that many characteristics of the true SrTiO3(001)/MgO(001) interface are recovered already when a SrTiO3 bilayer is adsorbed (e. G. , vanishing valence band offset, structural distortions, charge transfer, etc. ). Considering an oxygen vacancy at the interface, we show that its formation energy is basically determined by the one of the corresponding clean surface. In the second part, we focus on the optical response of the high-Tc cuprate superconductors. We use a simple many-body hamiltonian and the finite temperature perturbation theory to calculate the real part of the conductivity. In particular, we explore the origin of the onset located for optimum doped Yba2CU3O(7-[delta]) around ~ 350 cm^(-1). We also discuss the position and the shape of the peak in the effective spectral function W(w)
Collet, Joël. "Monocouches organiques fonctionnalisées : propriétés structurales et électriques : composants électroniques à l'échelle du nanomètre." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10195.
Full textYi, Ji-Hyun. "Préparation par voie sol-gel, caractérisation et propriétés électriques de couches minces ferroélectriques de SrBi2(Nb,Ta)2 O 9." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0017.
Full textAjlani, Abdallah. "Elaboration de polyéthylène conducteur par inclusion de sel (TTF-TCNQ) : caractérisation électrique et propriétés de détection chimique en phase gazeuse." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10248.
Full textArveux, Emmanuel. "Propriétés de surfaces et interfaces de couches minces ferroélectriques de BaTiO3 étudiées par spectroscopie de photoémission in-situ." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00461201.
Full textArveux, Emmanuel Michel. "Propriétés de surfaces et interfaces de couches minces ferroélectriques de BaTiO3 étudiées par spectroscopie de photoémission in-situ." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13921/document.
Full textThe aim of this work was to better understand the surface and interface properties of sputtered ferroelectric BaTiO3 thin films. They are typically used as dielectrics in integrated capacitors, electromechanical sensors and so. This thesis studies the chemical and electronic structures of the interface of BaTiO3 in order to understand basic mechanisms of contact formation with the substrate and the electrode like the Schottky barrier height. Furthermore, the surface stoichiometry of such films has been investigated under different thermal preparation revealing significant instability through segregation phenomenon. Finally, the doping effect with niobium is studied regarding compensation mode, dopant solubility and dielectric properties. The experimental setup allows for in-situ analysis of surface and interface properties using photoelectron spectroscopy
Cabanel, Régis. "Elaboration, caractérisation et propriétés électroniques de couches minces de nitrure de niobium et d'oxyde de niobium." Grenoble INPG, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPG0051.
Full textKeghelian, Patrice. "Couches minces nanostructurées de silicium et de carbure de silicium préparées par dépôts de petits agrégats : structures et propriétés électroniques." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10304.
Full textBen, Chaabane Rafik. "Elaboration et étude de films minces de matériaux moléculaires : applications aux composants électroniques et aux capteurs." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10316.
Full textSama, Nossikpendou. "Etude des effets d'interface sur les propriétés en basse fréquence des couches minces ferroélectriques de Pb(Zr,Ti)O3." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00588426.
Full textBouet, Laurence. "Poudres fines et couches minces de ferrites spinelles substitués (Molybdène/Cobalt/Manganèse) : élaboration, propriétés structurales, magnétiques et magnéto-optiques." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30223.
Full textBendounan, Azzedine. "Etude des propriétés électroniques et structurales des films ultra minces d'Ag sur Cu(111)." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10112.
Full textIn this thesis, Epitaxial Ag ultra thin films grown on Cu(111) have been studied by Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM) and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES). In the submonolayer range, two dispersive bands are observed, arising from Shockley like surface state confined in Ag islands and in the Cu terraces. A thickness dependence of the surface state energy is evidenced. Moreover, the two well-known atomic reconstructions (moiré and triangular superstructures which depend on the preparation temperature) lead to different surface state energies. Photoemission spectra also reflect the transition from metastable moiré structure into the triangular one. Especially, a transient state has been evidenced both from STM and ARPES data. These results clearly demonstrate the strong sensitivity of the surface-state energy to the in-plane atomic structure
Simon, Alain. "Propriétés électroniques des hétérostructures semiconductrices contraintes à direction d'épitaxie et profils de potentiel quelconques." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20043.
Full textAugé, Bruno. "Modélisation, étude, réalisation d'un interféromètre in-situ, temps réel destiné aux mesures dimensionnelles des puces électroniques submicroniques pendant un procédé de gravure ou de dépot." Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/Auge.Bruno.SMZ9728.pdf.
Full textPermanent progress in the semiconductor industry is essentially linked to a continous rise in integration capacity, to smaller circuit dimensions and larger silicon wafer diameters. In order to remain competitive, the performance of submicron device manufacturing lines employing complex process which are difficult to master has to be optimised. It is understandable under these conditions that in-situ and real time control of circuit thickness during the etch or deposition operation gives a serious advantage over competitors. Among the optical in-situ non intrusive and non destructive methods, spectroscopic interferometry at normal incidence allows the measurement of the thickness of layers present on the silicon wafer during manufacturing. This study has been performed in two parts : the measurement principle and manufacturing control. For the measurement principle, the optical properties of multi-layer system have been studied using the Abeles formalism. For the manufacturing control, we conceived and built an instrument allowing to position the interferometric head relativity limited measurement sites located on the silicon wafer. To do this, the site has to be recognized and the camera be positioned with a precision adapted to the site dimensions. An imaging module including in particular a pattern recognition routine and the steering of a motorized xy table, have been studied and integrated into the unit of layer thickness calculation
Lignier, Olivier. "Etude de la croissance et des propriétés électroniques de couches minces du semiconducteur lamellaire WS2 pour applications photovoltai͏̈ques." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10608.
Full textDjukic, Uros. "Croissance, structure atomique et propriétés électroniques de couches minces de Bismuth sur InAs(100) et sur InAs(111)." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CERG0760/document.
Full textA new class of material is coming up, Topological Insulators, have opened a wide field of research. Bismuth, an element of group V of periodic table, is one of the key ingredient of this Topological Insulators family. With the aim of improving technological applications, especially the electronic compounds, it is of most importance to control the preparation of thin films materials. Within this Phd work, we studied the growth and Bismuth electronic structure on (100) and (111) semiconductor III-V InAs surfaces.Bi deposition on InAs(100) surface result of a Bi self-assembly which forms lines at atomic scale. We show Bi interact extremely weakly with the surface because the beginning structure of clean InAs(100) surface stay unharmed. The study of valence band sheds light on the existence of resonant states strongly photon energy dependent and also depend on the light polarization, consistent with almost one dimensional structure surface.InAs(111) surface specific feature is that it has both surface ending different : In ending, (face A) and As ending, (face B). The both faces pointed out distinguishable reconstructions. By the core-level photoemission we identified a chemical reactivity difference taking place between A and B faces. Bi growth on A-face tend to be a high quality monocrystal for those films from a thickness of 10 monolayers. On the other hand, during the deposition of first layers, the B-face show an island growth and a good monocrystal is obtained only available for films with 50 monolayers at least.For the same face, A or B, we have seen some growth discrepancies more subtle between prepared surfaces either by ionic bombardment and annealing (IBA) either by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).The angular resolved photoemission allowed to identify the band dispersion inside of this Bi films. The dispersion is absolutely relative to the bulk Bi crystal. The final step involved the study of Sb monocrystal electronic structure deposited onto Bi film.Clean InAs(111)A and InAs(111)B surfaces indicate a band bending which result in the accumulation electron charge formation. With depositing Bi onto these surfaces, the accumulation layer would be kept, it is also increased, given that Bi acts as a donor-like in InAs. The accumulation layer is characterized by an electron quantum confinement, measurable by angle resolved photoemission.Keywords:Electronic structure surface, ARPES, semimetal, band bending effect, 2DEG, Bismuth, Sb, InAs(111)A, InAs(111)B, quatum wells, Fermi surface, thin films
Fadjie, Djomkam Alain Bruno. "Étude des propriétés électroniques des monocouches moléculaires greffées sur des substrats nSi(111)." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S102.
Full textElectrical transport in ultrathin Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor (MIS) tunnel junctions is analyzed using the temperature dependence of current voltage and admittance spectroscopy measurements applied to Hg // ML – n Si junctions. The coverage and thickness of molecular layers (-CnH2n+1, -C10H20-COOH) covalently bonded to Si(111), before and after capping with clusters (Se8Re6(TBP)4(OH)2, Mo6Br8F6), are deduced from XPS and ellipsometry. The I(V) characteristics are described using a new model for transport in ultrathin MIS junctions. We observe that functional groups (acid, clusters) modify the electronic structure of the junction and consequently the I(V) characteristics. In the low forward bias regime governed by thermionic emission, the observed linear T-dependence of the effective barrier height provides the thermionic emission barrier height and the tunnel barrier attenuation. In the high-forward-bias regime, the bias dependence of the tunnel barrier transparency is approximated by a modified Simmons model for a rectangular tunnel barrier. The density distribution of defects localized at the ML / Si interface is deduced from admittance data (low-high frequency method) and from a simulation of the response time τR(V) using a model for a non equilibrium tunnel junction. The low density of electrically active defects near mid-gap indicates a good passivation of dangling bonds at the ML / Si interface
Sdaq, Abdallah. "Etude des propriètés de transport electronique sous champ magnétique intense des multicouches C/W et Ni/Ti." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30265.
Full textAckermann, Jörg. "Etude de la croissance et des propriétés électroniques de films minces à base d'oligothiophènes : Influence de la structure moléculaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22070.
Full textBousquet, Marie. "Croissance, caractérisations et étude des propriétés physiques de films minces du matériau ferroélectrique Na0,5Bi0,5TiO3." Limoges, 2010. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/43e4e73f-32af-463d-9709-401209acea22/blobholder:0/2010LIMO4062.pdf.
Full textThe present work is devoted to the growth and the characterizations of epitaxial lead-free ferroelectric Na0. 5Bi0. 5TiO3 (NBT) thin films obtained by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD). In a first step, the growth deposition parameters were determined in order to obtain single-phased NBT thin films. Thus, a careful control of the chemical composition is required to elaborate single-phased NBT thin films to avoid the formation of many secondary phases (pyrochlore, Aurivillius phases…). The preliminary room temperature macroscopical hysteresis loops and piezoforce microscopy study testify to the ferroelectric activity of the elaborated material. In a second step, an epitaxial growth of NBT thin films was systematically encountered. For such purpose, various single crystals (Al2O3, MgO. . . ) consistent with the field of optical and microwave measurements were used. In particular, the physical properties (optical and microwave) of an epitaxial NBT thin films deposited on MgO were determined. Moreover some platinum bottom electrodes presenting various orientations (i. E. , (100), (110), and (111)) were employed in order to partially access the anisotropy of the properties (mainly electrical). In other words, this study permits to underline some relationships between the orientation, the microstructure and the macroscopical and local properties, particularly interesting for these NBT thin films
Capdeville, Stéphanie. "Couches minces de ferrites spinelles à propriétés semiconductrices destinées à la réalisation de microbolomètres." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009540.
Full textHieulle, Jeremy. "Structures et propriétés électroniques de monocouches organiques auto-assemblées, caractérisée par STM et XPS." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPXX0070.
Full textKowalczyk, Hugo. "Transitions de phases et propriétés électroniques de couches 2D de WTe2 et MoTe2." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS571.
Full textThis work presents the study of phase transitions and electronic properties of two transition metal dichalcogenides: WTe2 and MoTe2. The relevance of those materials lies in its two metastable phases at ambient pressure and temperature, 1T’ and Td, classifying them as Weyl semi-metals. We had the chance to synthesize 2H-MoTe2, 1T’-MoTe2 and Td-WTe2 monocrystals by chemical vapour transport during an exchange at IISER Pune in India. High quality resulting crystals were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX and Raman spectroscopy. Then we could exfoliate it by the anodic bonding method proper to our laboratory, characterize their 2D form and build electronic measurement devices by gold contact deposition. In the context of multiple transition metal dichalcogenides stable and metastable phases, the study of the transitions between those phases is very interesting. We first present 1T’ to Td temperature induced phase transition in MoTe2 and observe the impact of layer thickness on transition temperature and establish a phase diagram. Then, we prove the absence of 2H to 1T’ transition and its reversibility in a MoTe2 monolayer purely induced by electrostatic doping, claimed by recent works. This transition, from semi-conductive to semi-metallic phase is likely predicted for applications in nanotechnologies as an electronic switch. Through space charge doping and Raman spectroscopy experiment, we highlight the role of Tellurium migration and the creation of vacancies in this transition. We also measured Td-WTe2 transport properties (magnetoresistance and Hall effect) of various layer thicknesses. Through a two band model parameters adjustment, we could determine carriers densities and mobilities and relate them to compensated semi-metal theory responsible of Giant Magnetoresistance response of this material. Those experiments could highlight the more insulating behaviour of thinner layers and the presence of weak anti-localization at low temperature, whereas the thinner layers are more conductive and exhibits Shubnikov-de Haas quantum oscillations at high magnetic field
Manaa, Chadlia. "Influence du désordre sur les propriétés opto-électroniques de films minces de cyclohexane déposés par polymérisation plasma." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0001.
Full textIn this work we have shown the influence of the radio frequency (RF) power on the microstructural, optical, electrical, electronic and morphological properties of thin films polymerized by capacitive PECVD using cyclohexane as precursor gas.At low RF power, the surfaces of our films are porous and highly hydrogenated. They have a hydrophilic character. The increase in the RF power (above 120 W) generates less hydrogenated microstructure and promotes atomic rearrangements between the carbon atoms, including the formation of C = C (C-sp²) bonds. In this RF power range we observed an increase of the conductor character of our polymerized films. These results are in good agreement with optical measurements, show that high RF power induces harder deposited films (increase of n with RF power) and a decrease in the optical gap. This decrease in the optical gap was interpreted in terms of distortions, graphitization and reorganization of the C-sp2 sites, which form larger and better organized clusters. It appears, by combining these measurements with those obtained on the microstructure (Raman and FTIR), that the increase in the electrical conductivity and the decrease of the optical gap is associated with the increase in the number of C = C double bonds, that is to say a "graphitization" of the film, promoting the conductive nature.However, the electrical conductivity values are still a little low, which is explained by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements, which showed the presence of defects within the C-sp2 sites, and that the spin density increases with RF power, suggesting an increase in the defect density in the thin films deposited at high RF power. Furthermore, the narrowing of the EPR lines when the RF power increases indicates a decrease in the exchange interaction between spins as a result of delocalization phenomena in the bond structures
Marteau, Aurélien. "Déphaseurs composites à base de métamatériaux accordables par films ferroélectriques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10149/document.
Full textThe development of telecommunication systems requires the use of innovative technologies to design ever more efficient devices. Ferroelectric films and metamaterials-based technologies appear most promising. This thesis is divided into two parts and describes the design, fabrication and characterization of microwave structures with original properties. Metamaterials are artificial materials whose structure is small compared to the wavelength, giving access to the electromagnetic properties often no existing in nature. The backward propagation of a wave, which results in phase and group velocities with opposite sign, is probably the most important feature. After a state of the art of metamaterials, the first part deals with the design of a left-handed metamaterial in fin-line technology loaded by resonant patterns such as split rings. The width of the passband is improved by using Omega-like patterns. In these structures, we have demonstrated experimentally the existence of left-handed transmission bands, according to theoretical predictions. The second part explores the possibility of introducing tunability of metamaterials using ferroelectric thin films. A characterization of broadband frequency dispersion of the dielectric function of thin films BaSrTiO3 (50/50) was achieved up to 100 GHz. Finally, we show numerically and experimentally that the integration of these films allows the realization of tunable right-handed and left-handed composite transmission lines
Presmanes, Lionel. "Couches minces de ferrites mixtes de cobalt-manganèse et de cobaltites mixtes de fer-manganèse pour l'enregistrement magnéto-optique." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30162.
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